IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


1.25 


-  IIIM  IIIII21 
il^    III  2.0 


111= 

U     IIII.6 


V] 


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% 


4^  "W 


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O^A 


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Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STRRET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  MS80 

(716)  873-4S03 


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ms 


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r^^ 


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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


D 


D 


D 


□ 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  dt9  couleur 


I     I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagte 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur^  et/ou  pelliculAe 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  gAographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relit  avec  d'autres  documents 


r~7|    Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 


along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serrie  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 

distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int6rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutAes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  AtA  filmAes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppltmentaires: 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique.  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mithode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquis  ci-dessous. 


r~1   Coloured  pages/ 


E 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagtes 

Pages  restored  and/oi 

Pages  restaurAes  et/ou  pellicul6es 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxe( 
Pages  dtcolordes,  tachetdes  ou  piqu6es 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d6tach6es 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualiti  indgale  de  I'impKirsion 

Includes  supplementary  materif 
Comprand  du  materiel  supplimentaire 


I — I  Pages  damaged/ 

I      I  Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 

r~T]  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

I      I  Pages  detached/ 

F/l  Showthrough/ 

r~~\  Quality  of  print  varies  ^ 

I      I  Includes  supplementary  material/ 


□   Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  6dition  disponibic 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  per  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc..  ont  M  filmies  A  nouveau  de  fa^on  A 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible.  • 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu*  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


v/ 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  hes  been  reproduced  thenke 
to  the  generosity  of: 

D.  B.  Wcidon  Library 
Univoraity  of  Woitern  Ontario 

The  ims^es  sppearing  here  are  the  beat  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


L'exemplaire  filmA  fut  reproduit  grAce  A  la 
gin^rositA  de: 

D.B.Wtldon  Library 
Univariity  of  Wtttarn  Ontario 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  iti  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  at 
de  la  netteti  de  l'exemplaire  f  ilmi,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
fi!mage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  las*  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symfiol  —^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED ").  or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Les  exRmplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papiei^  est  imprimte  sont  film^s  en  commen^ant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
der^iiire  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  solt  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  film6s  en  commen^ant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
derniire  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE  ".  le 
symbols  V  signifie  'FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
film6s  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diffirents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichd,  il  est  filmA  A  partir 
de  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nAcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

^ 
f 


— ( 


^-^r 


Ho 


Priiitod  under  dirontion  of 


W1LIX\M    FltANCIS   HARRITY. 


Secrefaiv of  Iho  C omiu o nwo alth, 


KiIii<Ml  bv 


vvm.h.kglk.m.d. 


VOL.  XV. 


IlAUKISliriK;: 


E'K.MoycrH  ,Sta(o   I'i*lnt«>r. 
lRtM>. 


V 


25952 


I 


V 


JOURNALS  AND  DIARIES 


OF    THE 


War  of  the  Eevolution 


^^^TH 


LISTS  OF  OFFICERS  AND  SOLDIERS. 


1775-1783. 


KniTKD   BY 

WILLIAM  IIKNRY  BULK,  M.  D. 


TIARRISBURO  : 

K.   K.   MKYKBK,  STATK    PRINTKR. 
1893.  , 


'  s  ^ 


II 


ill) 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


.lournal  of  Major  Ennion  Williams, 1-20 

Jouriml  of  Captain  William  Hendricks, 21-58 

Henry's  Journal  of  the  Campaign  Against  Quebec, 59-192 

Diary  of  Lieutenant  James  McMichael,     193-218 

Journal  of  Lieutenant  Erkuries  Beatty, 219-254 

Journal  of  Rev.  William  Rogers,  D.  D., 255-288 

Letter  of  Captain  William  Gray,        289-294 

Journal  of  Lieutenant  William  McDowell, 295-340 

Minutes  of  the  Committee  of  Safety  of  Bucks  County 341-370 

RoUsof  Soldiers  of  tlio  Pennsylvania  Line  in  the  Department 

of  State  of  the  United  States, 37  l-5f)0 

Miscellaneous  Rolls  of  Associators,  Militia  and  Flying  Camp,  501-082 
List  of  Persons  residing  in  Pennsylvania  Pensioned  by  tiie 

United  States  in  1820  ami  1825, 083-741 

Diary  of  Captain  James  Duncan, 743-752 

Journal  of  Samuel  McNeill,  1779, 753-759 

Supplemental  List  of  Soldiers  of  tho  Revolution,     '761-775 

Index, 777-784 


(111) 


(iv) 


I 


Cy'^^t 


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MAJon  I.;* 


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JOURNAL 


ov 


Major  Ennion  Williams, 


OJSr  HIS  JOURNEY 


TO    TllK 


AMERICAN  CAMP  AT  CAMBKIDGE, 
IN  NEW  ENGLAND. 

1775. 


(8) 


[The  following  journal  has  been  referred  to  in  the  History 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Line  in  tlie  Revolution.  It  has  been  care- 
fully copied  from  the  original.  ] 


01) 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOR  ENNION  WILLIAMS. 


JOURNAL  OF  ENNION  WILLIAMS  ON  HIS  JOURNEY 
TO  THE  AMERICAN  CAMP  AT  CAMIiRIDGE  IN  NEW 
ENGLAND. 


October  4,  l??-').  Left  Philadelphia  in  company  with  my 
brother  and  Mr.  P.  Lloyd,  pus^.sed  through  Bristol,  Trenton, 
&c. ,  and  arrived  in  the  evening  at  Princeton  in  health  tho"  it 
rained  all  day  :  tlie  oil  cloth  sleeves  which  cover  arms  and  shoul- 
ders prevents  the  rain  and  1  think  every  traveler  who  has  oc- 
casion to  ride  in  the  rain  will  find  it  of  great  service. 

Thursday  5.  Major  Kelsey  and  myself  joined  in  companx 
with  aiajor  Bayard,  Captain  (iurney,  liieutenant  Henry.  Lieu 
tenant  Kepely  and  Mr.  Bradford.  I  took  leave  of  my  dear 
brother  as  if  it  was  the  last  time  wc  should  meet  again  in  this 
world.  At  the  same  time  requestetl  him  to  respect  a  certain 
young  lady  as  the  particular  object  of  his  brothers  attention 
and  to  iiiy  parents,  brothers  and  sisters. 

We  left  Princeton  about  eight,  dined  at  Farmer's  at  Bruns- 
wick, and  slept  comfortably  on  a  cot  at  Graham's  at  ElizaV>oth- 
town.     Rainetl  almost  all  daj'. 

Oi!tob,'r  0.  Passed  through  Kiizabethtown,  down  the  creek 
to  the  old  point  and  crossed  the  .sound  where  there  is  a  delight- 
ful prospect.  We  rode  on  Staten  Island  about  two  ndles  by 
the  sound,  and  arrived  at  the  Ferry  where  we  met  the  coach. 
We  arrived  at  Paulus  Hook  about  half  past  ten  o'clock  and 
cro,sse«l  in  sight  of  the  Asia  (a  nuin  of  war  of  04  guns)  which  lay 
about  one  and  a-half  miles  from  New  York,  in  the  North  river. 
Dined  at  Hull's,  and  after  dinner  we  walked  around  the  bat- 
tery and  saw  many  of  the  marks  of  balls  in  frame  houses,  chim- 
ney roofs  that  were  fired  from  the  .Asia  some  weeks  since  to 
(lis[)erse  the  peoi)le  who  were  attempting  to  carry  off  the  can- 
non on  the  Viattery. 

I  delivered  Mr.  Smith  (a  partner  of  Mr.  Robertson's)  the  let- 
ter  from  my  worthy  friend  G.  Bart  ram  ;  who  politely  gave  me 
an  invitation.  On  my  informing  him  of  my  short  stay  here  at 
present,  he  invited  me  to  call  at  my  ri'turn,  when  he  expected 
Mr.  Robertson  would  return  from  TIconderoga.  where  he  is  at 
present.  I  called  on  my  worthy  fi-iend  H.  Hadock  who  aj)- 
peared  to  be  glad  to  sec  me  as  usual  and  invited  me  to  his 
house.  Caleb  Lawrence  canu'  to  nie  anil  spoke  to  me  in  a 
friendly  manner,  Christo[)lu^r  CoHhs.  the  projector  of  the  great 
water  works  here  showed  us  the  works  which  weri'  begun  about 


8 


JOURNAL  OF  MA.J(ni  ENNION  WILLIAMS. 


twelve  mouths  ago.  He  is  in  great  spirits  and  thinks  they 
will  answer  very  well,  an<i  the  eosc  will  be  fur  less  than  he  ex- 
pected. The  Province  is  to  give  him  18,000  to  complete  them, 
an«l  he  expects  to  ilo  it  for  less.  The  boiler  iron  cylinder  (of 
about  six  feet  in  length  and  ten  feet  in  diameter  for  the  steam 
l»uinp)  the  machinefor  raisingtlie  pump  are  finished,  the  well 
is  about  twenty  feet  in  <liameter,  is  walled  and  the  basin  of  100 
feet  long,  00  f.^et  wide  and  about  11  or  12  feet  deep. 

By  this  amazing  piece  of  mechanism  the  water  is  to  be  raised 
a  great  distance  above  its  natural  height,  and  passe«l  through 
pitch  pine  pipes  to  be  laiil  4  feet  under  ground,  to  the  city 
which  is  about  one-fourth  of  a  mile  olT,  there  to  be  conveyed 
tlirough  every  street,  an<l  at  .'i  distance  of  every  100  yards  is  to 
be  an  ui)right  pipe  like  a  pump  with  a  cork  to  it  :  the  water 
may  be  conveyetl  over  nmny  houses  and  into  every  house  from 
these  upright  pipes  if  private  persons  choose  to  have  conductors 
from  theni. 

I  f  a  fire  shouUl  break  out,  water  may  be  had  in  a  few  moments 
from  the  prinuiry  conductors  Ijy  corks  for  tiiat  purjmse.  They 
are  rebuilding  the  hospital  here  and  raising  a  bridewell  or 
work  house  in  the  field  near  the  jail  of  bluish  stone.  In  front 
of  this  are  21  cannon  mounted  which  were  brought  V)y  the  peo- 
l)le  from  the  battery.  I  was  informed  here  that  (leneral  Woos- 
ter  is  erecting  a  fort  oil  the  North  river  about  IJO  miles  from 
this  and  that  these  pieces  would  bo  sent  up  there. 

The  New  York  Associators  ilo  not  wear  their  uniforms  only 
on  muster  days.  I  saw  a  recruiting  sergeant  and  (>  men  Ideat- 
ing up  for  soldiers  about  he  streets  as  the  regulars  used  1<>  do, 
which  appetired  tome  ri  liculous  and  was  disagreeable  among 
American  freeman,  where  I  expect  the  poor  would  cheerfully 
offer  to  join  and  not  wait  for  the  importunity  of  a  recruiting 
chattering  sergeant. 

.\rrive<l  in  the  night  at  King's  Bridge,  having  rode  through 
a  level  country,  abounding  in  beautiful  prospects  of  the  Sountl. 
hills,  meadf>ws,  woods  and  rocks. 

There  is  a  small  wooden  bri(lg»>  over  tlie.right  branch  of  the 
North  river,  that  tlivitles  New  York  from  Long  Island.  Here 
the  landlady  being  scarce  of  ftcsli  beef  had  some  oysters  in  a 
few  minutes,  drawn  out  of  tlie  river  Just  bef(»re  the  door,  thus 
happily  does  luiture  supply  them  in  case  of  necessity.  We 
slept  comfortably  in  our  great  coats  upon  the  floor. 

Saturday,  October  7.  As  soon  as  we  left  the  bridge  we  en- 
tere«l  a  country  which  appears  very  dilTenMit  from  that  whicii 
we  have  passed  through,  no  level  plains  appear  but  a  rf>iigh  hilly 
(•ountry,  very  stony  yet  very  rich,  the  fields  and  roads  are 
bounded   l)y  dry  stone  wall  about   four  /ind  ali..lt'  or  live  feet 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOR  ENNION  WILLIAMS. 


9 


hifjh.  Breakfasted  at  New  Kochelle,  at  a  Tory" h  who  was  un- 
willint^  to  be  called  one  yet  liis  principles  were  inimical;  this 
nei^hhorhood  aboiimls  in  Tories.  The  farmers  are  generally 
French  at  this  small  town.  We  passed  through  a  small  town 
calletl  llye  on  a  stream  navigable  to  this  place.  Dined  at  Horse- 
neck. 

October  7th.  We  i)assed  by  a  meeting  house  or  church  sit- 
uated on  a  hill  t)f  great  height  ;  from  tlie  foot  of  it  t«)  the  «ioor 
of  the  house  there  are  '.)7  stone  steps,  many  of  them  cut  in  the 
solid  rock,  by  the  zealous  members  of  the  cluircli.  We  arrived 
at  Fitch's  at  Stanford  about  5  o'clock.  The  road  is  very  hilly 
an<l  stonv,  an«l  the  plantations  divided  by  stone  walls  and  no 
fences  are  to  be  seen.  There  are  several  very  i)retty  prospects 
on  th*'  road  as  the  sand  often  Jippears  and  renders  the  views 
very  pleasing.  T  delivered  R.  S.  sletter  to  Mr.  John  Lloyd  and 
had  the  pleasure  of  his  company  to  si)en«l  the  evening  with  us. 
Colonel  Davenport  also  spent  the  evening  with  us. 

8unda,y  Hth.  Went  to  Presl)yt"vian  meeting.  Dined  at  Mr. 
Lloyd's  with  A[r.  Brown  and  ^Ir.  JJoyii's  two  other  agreeai)le 
daughters,  Nabby  and  Sally.  Went  to  meeting  in  afternoon, 
accepted  of  invitation  to  colTee  at  "Mr.   liloyds. 

Spent  an  hour  at  I'arsctn  Well's,  supped  at  (Jolonel  Daven- 
port's, slept  there.  Mr.  I^loyd  is  a  nmn  of  property  and  of 
merit.  Mr.  Daven|)ort  is  a  councilman  and  they  do  assure  me 
that  if  the  Wyoming  people  have  marched  in  a  hostile  manner 
iuto  Northumberland  county,  that  they  have  done  it  without 
the  consent  or  even  knowledge  of  the  Council  or  Assembly 
and  those  two  gentlemen  condennied  these  horrid  proceedings 
and  tell  me  that  no  armed  mtMi  with  liostiW'  intentions  luive 
gone  to  Wyoming  by  tlirecuion  or  knowledge  of  them.  Mr. 
Henry  Bradford,  Kepele  and  (iurney  in  the  afternoon  rode  on 
to  Norwalk,  without  molestation.  Mr.  Bayard,  Kelsey,  and 
myself  slept  at  Colonel  J)avenp«)rt 's. 

Monday, October  5)th.  Started  by  moonlight  before  day brej.k, 
breakfasted  at  a  pretty  little  town  called  Norwalk.  The  r^a  I 
from  King'.-!  liridg  >  to  this  is  hilly  and  stony.  At  alxxit  !> 
o'clock  we  nn't  ^rr.  .Jonathan  Miniin  on  his  retJirn  from  the 
camp  with  pleasure.  1  see  my  worthy  irieiid  and  had  so  much 
inlluence  as  to  prevail  on  him  to  ride  back  to  Fairfield  where  we 
had  tin*  pleasure  of  his  cf)mpany  at  dinnei-.  We  were  intro- 
duced to  Mr.  Davenport,  ]\Ii'.  Thaddi'us  Uuon.  nii<l  other  gen- 
tlemen from  this  phu'e.  Fairlleld  is  a  beautiful  litt I.'  t<»wn  ; 
situated  on  ii  plain,  it  coniiiiands  a  very  pleasing  view  around. 
The  court  liouse  is  a  light  airy  Irauie  ituilding.  the  houses  are 
all  frames 


10 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOR  ENNIOX  WILLIAMS. 


Monday,  October  9th,  1175.  We  passed  through  Stratford 
which  is  a  pretty  little  town  near  tlie  river  HousatonacK.  We 
crossed  tlie  Ferry  in  a  lar«re  boat  built  in  the  manner  of  our 
long  boats. 

The  Sound  here  is  so  wide  that  the  view  is  l)onn«led  hy  the 
water  and  sky.  We  arrive<l  a  little  after  sunset.  At  Milford 
we  see  l>y  candlelight  the  inside  of  a  church,  a  frame  building, 
w-ith  two  stories  of  galleries,  is  a  large  house.  There  is  two 
other  meeting  houses  near  as  large,  and  are  generally  fhlfd. 
The  people  are  generally  ready  to  arm  an«l  march  whenever 
ordered  tosupport  their  liberty.  Pursued  our  way  and  passed 
over  Oyster  river  and  through  West  Haven,  a  small  town  with 
a  pretty  church  in  It.  where  we  see  a  number  exercising  by 
moonlight,  such  is  their  ardor  to  be  disciplined  and  ready.  We 
arrived  at  New  Haven  about  9  «)'clock.  New  Haven  is  a  very 
l>retty  town.  Thert?  are  several  very  neat  churches.  The 
buildings  in  general  are  wooden  and  covered  with  clapboards. 
From  hence  wo  had  a  view  of  North  End  of  Long  Island  and 
our  sight  is  terminated  by  the  sea  and  sky. 

October  flth.  1775,  Monday.  At  New  Haven  at  Bier's  Tavern. 
There  is  a  large  and  very  neat  building  for  the  college.  The 
streets  are  very  wide  near  the  centre  where  there  is  a  large 
square  with  two  churches  in  it.  There  are  trees  all  around 
this  square  which  render  it  very  i)]easant. 

Tuesday,  October  10th.  See  ^Ir.  Samuel  Hroom  here  who  in- 
formed me  that  Mr.  Habcock  is  at  the  camj).  Breakfasted  at 
thi'*  place,  rode  through  a  most  delightful  part  oi  the  country. 
Tlie  river,  the  orchard,  the  fields,  meatlows  and  hills  aroun<l 
afforded  such  pleasing  views  as  must  give  even  <i  sick  man 
spirits  and  the  man  in  health  is  delighted  moi'e  tho  i  I  can  ex- 
l)ress. 

We  dined  within  sight  of  a  small  town  called  Wallingford 
which  is  situated  on  .'i  hill  of  an  easy  a.scent  that  seems  7"aised 
on  a  plain  on  purpose  to  render  the  landscape  more  Heavenly. 
On  the  summit  are  two  churches.  The  houses  aroun«lare  at 
a  «listance  from  eacli  otlu-r  of  the  breadth  of  a  small  garden. 
Thesidesof  this  hill  areadorn«'d  with  orchards,  and  green  fields 
in  a  manner  so  very  pleasing  that  it  exceetls  any  idea  <»f  its 
beauty  that  1  could  form  before  1  see  it. 

Wedinetl  with]\Ir.  Dagget,  President  of  New  Haven  College 
who  is  a  sensil)l«'  man  and  he  politely  invited  us  to  call  and  see 
him  on  our  return. 

Mr.  Jiradford  ami  myself  stopped  at  Weathersfleld.  which  is 
a  very  pretty  town  situate<l  on  a  plain,  near  the  river  Connec- 
ticut ;  the  streets  are  about  l!20  feet  wide,  the  houses  very  neat 
and  airy  and  in  5.?eiieral  separated  by  a  garden.     There  is  one 


ii. 


JOURNAL  (^F  MAJ()R  P:XNI<)N  WILLIAMS. 


11 


houf^e  here  iinished  in  an  elegant  nianner  and  is  tin'  lir.-i  tluiT 
siiows  tl'.e  owner  to  be  a  man  of  great  property.  It  is  saiil  lie 
is  worth  !|l."».0OO.  Tliere  is  a  beautiful  large  Ijfiok  rluirch  and 
the  steeple  is  so  neat  and  prettily  finished  that  it  woidd  Ije 
adorned  in  the  first  city  that  I  have  seen. 

I  spent  the  evening  happily  at  our  lodgings  in  company  with 
a  gentleman  (traveling). he  is  a  meujberot  the  House  of  Assem- 
bly from  Norwich,  is  now  emjiloyed  to  fit  out  a  frigate,  is  a  man 
of  property,  of  good  education,  of  goo<l  sense  and  sociable  dis- 
|H)sition,  and  behaxed  politely.  His  person  is  lusty  and  well 
l)roi)ortioned.     His  features  i)leasing  arul  his  complexion  ruddy. 

Tuesday,  October  10th,  ITT").  This  gentleman's  name  I  could 
not  learn.  He  did  not  ask  us  any  such  impertinent  questions 
as  it  is  usual  here.  We  therefore  n voided  it  too.  Respecting 
the  ('t)nnecticut  (Maimtopnrt  of  Pennsylvania,  he  informed 
me  a  right  to  Wyoming,  &c. ,  yet  the  r-fovernment  wouM  not 
have  resolved  to  insist  on  this  land  unless  Col.  Dyer  and  a  few 
others  had  l>een  indefatigable  in  persmuling  the  As.>iembly. 
He  telis  UK'  that  the  Susquehanna  (.'ompany  consists  of  a  grent 
number  of  members  and  that  tliey  have  not  had  any  meeting, 
and  have  not  given  any  orders  to  disturb  the  Pennsylvanians, 
and  he  is  certain  that  the  Assembly  or  <TOvernment  have  not 
known  or  been  concernetl  in  this  unjustifiable,  hostile  attempt. 
He  condenms  it  and  assures  me  it  is  generally  disapproved 
The  report  of  the  defeat  came  to  hand  three  days  ago  and  the 
Wyoming  peoi)le  will  not  be  supported  in  this  desperate 
scheme.  He  tells  me  that  the  people  ther<^n  general  are  bank- 
rupt, runaways,  lawless  persons,  &c. 

Wednesday,  October  11th.  1T75.  Breakfasted  nt  Hartford, 
which  is  n  regular  laid  out  town,  the  streets  are  wide,  the  build- 
ings as  usual  are  frame  houses:  there  are  several  very  hand- 
some churches.  The  court  House  is  a  plain  neat  building  in 
the  centre  of  a  large  open  square.  The  river  Connecticut  runs 
by  this  lively  place.  The  shii»  carpentry  are  i)usily  emjdoyed, 
finishing  two  sloops  here.  There  are  about  4U0  houses  here, 
Major  French,  Knsign  Moland.  Mr.  W.  Dernuuit.  Ensign,  are 
here  prisoners  of  war  on  their  parole. 

Mr,  Henry  and  Mr.  French  were  particular  acquaintance>. 
Mr.  Hayanl  is  acqiuiinted.  Therefore  we  weic  all  pressed  to 
dine  at  their  lodgings,  where  we  were  agreeably  entertained. 

We  arrived  at  Wimlsor  about  sunset.  Mr.  \V.  Dernioiit  and 
INfr.  Molnnd  overtook  and  spent  the  evening  with  us.  These 
gentlemen  l)ehaved  genteelyand  conversed  with  us  respecting 
their  situaticm  and  tlu>  i)resent  situation  of  affairs,  and  they 
esteemed  their  opposition  to  us  as  constitutional. 

Thursday, October  13th,  ITTo    Rode  through  a  pretty  country 


12 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOTJ  ENNION  WILLIAMS. 


thoii({h  not  very  fertile,  and  breakfasted  at  SnflReld  wliere  the 
front  lots  of  this  little  town  sell  for  about  fiS")  lawful  jwr  acre. 
Crossed  the  Connecticut  river  at  the  Ferry  in  a  large  flat  that 
took  in  f<»ur  sulkeys  with  horses  in  the  shafts,  and  cost  but 
!|.30.  OU,  so  cheap  is  work  of  this  kind,  and  timV)er  brot-  down 
this  beautiful  river  in  rafts.  We  dined  at  Si>ringlield  a  jiretty 
little  tf»wn  about  a  !.iii«-.  from  the  ferry.  Rotle  about  15  miles 
through  a  sandy,  Darren,  rocky,  hilly  country  to  Glrave's. 
This  part  of  Mas.sachusetts  is  very  «lifferent  from  C«jnnecticut. 
The  people  appear  of  a  less  education  and  ilifferent  manners. 
Passed  on  over  a  very  hilly,  stony  ron«l  to  Hunt's  Tavern. 
Here  the  Post  waited  while  I  wrote  home  a  few  lines  acquaint- 
ing of  our  good  health  an<1  that  it  was  tol<l  the  I'ost  on  liis 
leaving  Cambridge  that  our  frigates  had  been  taken  the  Lively 
of  24  guns. 

Arrived  safe  this  evening  at  Wooster  which  is  a  small  town, 
rendered  by  the  trnde  of  the  several  stores  ((uite  lively.  The 
last  part  of  this  roatl  is  very  hilly  .ind  very  stony,  the  land  in 
general  is  pt)or. 

Fri<lay,  October  l3th,  177").  There  appears  mf>re  runs  and 
creeks  in  this  colony  than  in  Connecticut,  but  as  yet  we  have 
not  seen  any  such  tlelightful  prospects  as  before  we  crosse«l. 
There  is  a  great  part  of  timbered  land  along  this  road.  The 
renuirks  on  the  ladies  which  I  have  often  heard,  I  now  lind  to 
l)e  very  true,  that  is  that  their  features  and  c«)mplexions  are 
very  good  in  general. 

The  Connecticut  *men  are  lusty  and  stout  in  general,  and 
seem  determined  to  turn  out  on  any  alarm  to  support  their 
libertie.s.  The  people  I  believe  are  very  kind  and  hospitaVde, 
n,nd  no  doubt  very  happy  in  Connecticut,  as  each  one  lias  a 
garden  and  orchard,  with  a  frame  house;  tlie  peasants  are  in- 
(piisitive  yet  kind,  an  instance  the  other  day.  as  Mr.  Henry 
and  myself  were  passing  sotue  sour  apples  that  hung  over  the 
road,  the  good  farmer's  wife  at  a  tlistance  called  out  to  us  that 
there  were  soine  better  apples  and  directly  sent  her  little  clnl<l 
for  its  apron  full  of  very  good  fruit  and  seeuied  ha,pi)y  in  hav- 
ing this  opportunity  of  kindness.  At  Wooster  a  small  town 
where  are  several  large  stores,  we  lodge  here. 

October  I4th,  Saturday.  Rode  on  through  this  pretty  country 
1:5  miles  to  Cambridge.  The  cf)untersign  is  Norfolk.  tSaturday 
evetiing  five  o'clock  we  arrived  at  Cambridge,  which  is  about 
one  mile  from  the  encam|)ment  on  Prospect  Hill,  &c.  Such 
was  our  anxiety  that  we  went  down  directly  to  the  camp  and 
lines  on  Prospect,  but  tlie  night  came  on  and  we  could  not  see 
the  hills  around.  We  called  at  CV»1.  Thompsons  qtmrters  and 
found  him  and  all  his  f>nicers  all  well.  I  was  introduce*!  to 
Ills  Hxcellencv.  freneral  Putnam,  to  Col.  Reed  and  Mr.  White. 


ill 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOR  ENNION  WILLIAMS. 


13 


Major  Mifflin  offered  me  a  bed  al  liis  «juarters,  which  I  ac- 
cepted of  and  delivered  Mrs.  Mifflin  her  letters,  nnd  had  the 
pleasure  to  see  Miss  Abbie  OoUins  there. 

15th,  Sunday.  We  had  the  lionor  ot'  beinjj  introduced  l)y  Col, 
Reed  to  his  Excellency  (ieneral  Washington,  who  thinks  it  very 
extraordinary  that  as  the  Colonies  have  voted  the  opposition 
general,  tliat  some  of  the  Provinces  should  supply  the  King's 
ships  witli  Provisions.  When  here  there  is  war  iu  its  full  force, 
and  all  seizures  matle  that  possible  can  be.  He  says  the  otTicers 
in  picking  their  men  and  therefore  they  have  imposed  on  him, 
particularly  one  company  to  the  westward.  Accepted  of  an 
invitation  from  Major  Mifflin  to  dine  at  Jamaica  at  Miss  Tyler's. 

Sunday,  October  l.")tli.  At  Jamaica  was  introdui'ied  to  Miss 
Bro'idstreet.  In  the  afternoon  went  to  meeting,  supped  at  our 
lotlgings.  At  Captain  Hrowiis  with  Mr.  liodenojitt.Mr  Smith, 
Mr.  White  and  other  gentlemen.  Countersign,  Plymouth. 
Slept  at  Mr.  Mifflin's. 

Introduced  t»»  < 'ol  Haldwin  and  l)ei>uty  and  iirs  Fra/.ier 
and  General  Sullivan. 

Monday,  Kith.  Rode  round  l)y  the  Fort  number  one  and  along 
by  the  mouth  of  (I'harles  river.  We  walketl  down  on  the  marsh 
within  about  a  half  a  mile  of  the  uuin  of  war,  but  they  were 
8o  sulky  that  we  couM  not  tempt  them  to  give  us  a  shot.  We 
then  rode  round  the  lines  and  Prospect  Hill.  We  dined  at 
Major  Mifflin's  and  were  int)c>duced  to  Mr.  liynch  and  Col. 
Harrison,  the  Major  introduced  me  to  Oeneral  Lee  and  1  de- 
livered him  Mr.  Delaneys  letter.  Wrote  home  to  my  father  and 
sister.     Slept  at  the  Majors.     Countersign,  Richmond. 

Tuesday,  October  IT.  lT7-"».  We  rode  over  .Mystic  Hridge, 
thnnigh  a  little  trading  town,  to  Powtler  Horn  Hill,  which  is 
very  high  and  commands  the  most  beaut  iful  view  I  ever  b«^- 
held.  We  see  the  evening  camps  on  Cliarlestown  Island,  the 
spot  on  which  the  battle  was  fought,  at  ft>ol  of  Hunker  Hill, 
and  see  the  straight  line  of  breastworks  thrown  up  by  the  brave 
General  l*utnam,  Hoston,  tlie  renmins  of  '.he  Castle,  the  Is- 
land, the  ocean,  &c.  I  drank  salt  water  oiit  of  the  remains  of 
the  hull  of  the  armed  scli()>ner  burnt  oy  (t'.  Putnam.  Wc 
were  tlown  at  Penny  Perry  and  I  walkttl  down  to  our  lowest 
sentry  with  Col,  Paid  win  where  we  heard  them  talking  v«'ry 
plain  on  Hunker  Hill,  and  see  every  one  that  moves  out  of 
their  tents  and  here  on  these  ])oints  an<l  iu  the  meadow  all 
around  with  about  200  yards  of  liuuker  Hill  and  some  points 
nearer  to  the  man  of  war  our  people  let  their  horses  and  cat- 
tle feed  and  mow  th»<  grass  and  make  uj)  tlie  hay  without  any 
feur  of  the  bulls  wliich  they  have  often  tlu'own  from  the  cannon 


1 
J 


V- 


14 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOR  ENNION  WILLIAMS. 


and  miis(iuet8.  We  iVur  tliein  not,  and  laugh  at  their  flrin>j, 
which  tliey  like  Dastards  will  not  permit  a  man  excei)t  the 
sentries  to  run  the  least  risk  and  if  their  cattle  or  hay  were  as 
far  from  their  shi|)S  and  batteries  as  ours  are  we  would  di- 
'•ectly  seize  them  in  spite  of  their  musketry.  They  are  so  amaz- 
ingly terrifled  by  our  ritle  men  that  they  will  not  stir  beyond 
their  lines.  We  returned  from  Winnisinet  Ferry  to  Mauldin 
and  dined.  Passed  through  the  little  town  on  Mystic  ealle<l 
Meadford  and  drank  a  glass  of  wine  with  Mr.  Frazier  who  is  an 
intelligent  and  worthy  gentleman.  We  passed  through  our 
camp  at  Winter  Hill  and  viewed  the  Fort  of  Ploughed  Hill,  and 
with  Col.  Baldwin  I  walked  through  the  upper  orchard  «lo\vn 
to  our  out  sentry  beyond  the  guard  house,  at  the  head  of  the 
neck  and  down  to  the  lower  orchard,  about  300  yards  from 
their  outguard  l)ehind  .some  brusli  thrown  up  for  their  pro- 
tection, and  every  night  the  sentries  go  down  with  in  150  yards 
of  each  other.  Here  we  have  distinct  view  of  Hunker's  Hill 
and  their  fortitications. 

Sui)ped  at  our  lodgings  at  Brown's,  where  we  heard  wiils- 
pered  that  an  exi)etlition  was  on  foot.  Mrs.  Mifflin  informed 
me  that  a  play  was  to  l)e  acted  in  Boston  and  that  Major  Mifflin 
was  gone  to  see  the  expedition.  Our  comi)any  directly  hastened 
to  Prospect  Hill  For:,  where  we  see  the  Hashes  of  the  guns 
of  <»ur  two  batteries  oi' about  one  mile  from  Boston.  The  in- 
tent of  these  14  or  l.j  shot  we  can't  tell;  however  the  enemy 
di<l  not  return  a  single  shot,  and  unfortunately  for  us,  one  of 
<)ur  cannon  l)urst  to  pieces,  killed  one  nnin  and  wounded  six 
others.  I)lew  olT  ihe  cover  and  started  two  plank  and  she  sunk 
in  about  four  feet  of  water.  But  our  boats  directly  unloaded 
her  and  towed  her  up  Charles  river  and  thus  linished  this  ex- 
pedition and  we  supi)()sed.  without  doing  any  nnschief  to  our 
enemy  on  account  of  the  great  distance.  I  returned  to  the 
Rifler's  Cami)  and  slei)t  at  Capt.  Loudon's. 

At  day  I  awoke.  ati<l  in  a  few  minutes  the  morning  gun  was 
flred  all  around.  Directly  the  men  re])aired  with  arms  and 
accoutrements  to  the  forts  and  lines  and  in  about  ten  minutes 
the  Captains  with  their  companies  over  in  the  Fort  drawn  up 
along  the  sides  of  the  Fort.  In  two  or  three  minutes  they  be- 
gan their  firing.  The  Captains  stepped  on  the  l)anket  or  step 
inside  at  foot  of  breastworks  and  gave  the  word,  "  make  ready. " 
The  front  rank  s'tej)  on  the  banket  and  secctnd  step  forward. 
••Present  ;"  he  does  not  give  word  "'Fire."  but  mn.kes  a  pause 
Then  they  recover  and  face  the  right  aliout,  and  march  through 
the  files  and  load.  At  the  word  "Make  rea<ly"  again,  the  next 
rank  stej)  on  the  banket  and  soon  continually.  Every  man  is 
to  he  sure  of  hia  object  before  he  fires,  as  he  rests  his  piece  on 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOR  ENNION  WILLIAMS. 


1.') 


the  parapets.  In  about  half  an  hour  tlie  flajj  was  lioisted,  an«l 
they  ceased  antl  retired  by  re^jinients  to  their  quarters,  aixl 
the  orderly  sergeant  read  the  orders  of  the  day  antl  trials  of 
the  court  martial,  &c.  Breakfasted  at  our  lodgings;  then  we 
rode  down  to  Roxburg  to  Waterman's;  then  we  walked  down 
to  the  outer  lines  and  see  an  interview  by  (lag  of  truce.  Thus 
Ml'.  Henry  and  Mr.  Morton,  having  drawn  l»y  lot  the  right  to 
go  out,  they  attende«l  with  the  ('aptain  of  our  guard.  Col. 
Parsons,  and  the  druunner.  The  Captain  carried  a  stick  with 
a  white  hanclkerchief  on  it,  y.nd  the  drummer  beat  a  parley. 
Their  out-sentry  directly  ran  through  their  line  ami  gave  in- 
formation of  the  Hag.  Anollicer  [Captain  Dundas]  came  out 
alone,  unarmed  and  met  our  Captain,  Col.,  3Ir.  Bayard,  ^Ir. 
Henry,  and  Mr.  Morton,  about  midway  between  the  out  sen- 
tries. 

The  officer  behaved  very  :>olitely.  He  rt'ceived  the  letters 
for  Boston  which  hatl  been  opened  by  Cieneral  Washhigton 
and  he  promised  to  deliver  several  mes.>^ages  to  gentlemen  in 
lioston.and  told  (hem  a  man  of  war  was  nrrive*!.  Upon  Col. 
Parsons  saying  it  was  a  pity  that  we  c(»uld  not  meet  on  <1  lifer- 
ent terms, — "yes,  "says  the  Captain  '"it  is  an  unnatural  wur,  and 
wt*  wish  matters  were  settled."  Seeing  Major  Bayard  in  regi- 
mentals, he  asked  him  what  rank  he  held.  He  was  answered 
a  Major.  Wo  see  many  of  the  houses  that  the  balls  had  passed 
through  in  tlio  lower  part  of  the  town  of  Roxburg.  We  passed 
around  the  grt^at  length  of  breastworks Jicross the  meadow  and 
with  our  spy  glasses  distinguished  the  sentries  and  works  on 
Boston  Neck,  which  are  very  strong  ind»'ed. 

We  dined  at  Waterman's  with  a.  large  company.  Counter- 
sign "Kempton. "  We  rode  down  to  Dorsetshire  Hill,  along  a 
imrrow  strip  of  made  road  across  the  op«-n  marsh  where  the 
enemy  nnght  have  fired  a  i)oint  blank  shot  from  Boston  Neck, 
and  let  us  hear  their  ba,lls  wliistle.  but  (hey  were  so  ill-natured 
that  we  could  not  provoke  one  shot.  We  tints  went  up  and 
stood  in  a  cluster  together,  in  such  a  manner  as  never  be- 
fore happened  without  sh:)t,  yet  we  had  iK)ne. 

Wednesday,  October  18th.  From  the  summit  of  this  lofty  and 
delightful  Hill  Ave  could  see  all  the  south  side.of  Boston  and 
the  Neck  Harbor,  the  Castle,  Ocean,  Islands,  &'c. ,  beautiful 
view  i>resents  itself.  1  can't  tell  whether  it  exceeds  the  view 
front  Powiler  Horn  or  not. 


w^ 


16 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOR  ENNION  WILLIAMS. 


./ 


X 


We  returned  to  Cainhridj^e.  All  the  beds  at  Major  Mifflin's 
bein^  occupied,  I  was  <>bli{jed  to  lodfje  at  Brown's.  Wrote  to 
my  father  and  Jno.  Mifflin  and  Post. 


G 


^. 


/ 


^f~*'C€^^ 


XiC 


/. 


''I  ; 


Breastwork,  t?round  thrown  up,  J)anquet  step  or  stan<lin^ 
place  inside  the  ))reastwork  para})et.  Tiie  breastworks  ))an- 
quet  and  beam  together.  The  beam  is  a  little  space  of  ground 
left  at  the  foot  of  the  breastworks.  Bastions  are  Ravellins  at 
the  corners  or  angles  as  above.  Ravellins  are  l)reastworks 
thrown  up  anglewise  as  above.  Curtains  are  the  breastworks 
that  connects  tlie  Ravellins  or  Bastion>.  Fosse  is  the  ditch. 
Scrap  is  the  inside  of  tlu'  Fosse;  Counter  scraj)  is  outsi«lf. 
Glacis  is  the  bank  thrown  up  in  front  of  the  breastwork.  (xaJj- 
ions  are  stakes  interwoven  with  twisted  bundles  of  switches 
like  baskets  without  bott«>ms.  Fascines,  Bundles  of  switches 
about  <)  feet  long.  Breastworks  ar  our  camp  are  banks  com- 
posed of  (jabions,  Fascines,  Stakes  and  Earth.  The  fortifica- 
tions of  the  enemy  are  nuule  in  the  same  manner. 

Thursday, October  l!»th.  Dined  at  our  lodgings  and  spent  the 
afternoon  there.  Lodged  at  Lieutenant  Connor's  on  Prospect 
Hill. 

■  Friday,  20th.  Breakfasted  at  Mr.  Connor's.  Dined  at  C'am- 
bridge.  Drank  coffee  at  Mr.  Mifflin's,  sui)ped  at  Brown's,  and 
joined  in  an  Indian  frolic,  which  to  me  has  been  the  most  un- 
lucky accident  since  I  left  home. 


ti. 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOR  ENNION  WILMAMS. 


Sat  unlay  31st.  It  lainnc!  all  day.  I  wiote  to  my  {^ood  iiiotlicr, 
si.st«M-,  to  W.  Morj^aii.  and  J.  J'ark«!r,  and  ("aptaiu  (iurin-y. 
Dined  and  siipixMl  jit,  lodj.jin{^H  with  iij^n*»'al»l«J  ronipany.  Df- 
livi'ivd  (jfcncral  (Jrceno  Hanson's  llvoiiitions  [not  coniplKtrl, 
PhiteH  No.  I  tool).  Kxplanation,  p«Kt^  1  *<^»  **^-  Art  of  (fun- 
nery  I'lifj^o  I  to  If!. 

Sunday,  O('.lol»<"r  U'id.  From  ('auil)ridt.jt'  rodt^  thro'  a  small 
irref^idar  town  about  thr»H!  mihis,  failed  Medfcjrd  on  the  north 
side  of  iMyslic.  from  tluuice  acrompanied  hy  the  worthy  I\Ir. 
Jno.  (ieorj^e  l^raxier  jis  Jit.  (ien  1,  to  Linn  about  S)  miles,  to 
Salem  about  1:3  miles,  to  Jieverly  about  2mii(!s;  breakfasted 
at  the  worthy  Captain  Francis',  liinu  is  a  small  totvn  with 
some  neat  buildings,  situated  on  a  plain.  Jieverly  is  a  pretty 
town  of  great  length,  has  a  small  front  on  tlie  river,  the  bank 
of  which  is  very  high,  and  1  here  is  a  descent  from  the  bank 
towards  the  rest  of  th(>  town.  Though  th«  sloop  of  war  fired 
many  shots  at  this  town,  there  was  no  damage  done.  There 
aro  several  very  pret  ty  houses  here.  We  crossed  the  ferry, 
retnrn»'d  to  t  luf  iieacit  ifiil  town  of  Salem.  There  are  nnuiy 
b(>aut if ul  houses  here.  Several  <Ielightful  streets  more  resem- 
bling Philadelphia  than  any  I 've  seen  in  New  England.  It  lias 
been  a  i)lace  of  great  tra<le.  Ther(i  are  a  great  num])er  of 
wharves  i';!led  with  storehouses.  There  are  tradesmen  of  all 
kinds  almost.  Wt»  [JUt  up  at  (ioo<lloe'K  wliidi  is  a  very  good 
tavern,  and  we  bad  as  good  a  glass  f)f  Avineas  need  be  drank. 
'JMi((  ladies  Ium-c  are  han«lsome  ai.<l  genleely  dressed,  aiul  the 
practice  is  for  them  to  spend  their  leisure  moments  inthe  first 
story  and  they  are  sf)  pK'a.sfd  to  see  gent  lemen  from  thesouth- 
v^ard,  that  the  windows  were  lilhul  with  women,  girls  and  chil- 
dren, and  we  were  cnlerlaincd  very  highly  by  viewing  th«; 
grea,t  variety  of  fac«'s.  and  their  entertainment  seemed  equal 
(oouj-s,  so  that  w<*  were  smiling,  then  laughing,  then  smiling, 
and  so  on  alternately  for  hours.  Such  is  the  custom  amonirst 
even  the  genteel  young  ladies,  as  well  as  others,  that  they  Avill 
look  at  you  with  a,  pleasing  countenance,  and  if  your  admira- 
tion excites  a  smile,  they  will  answer  it,  and  if  you  shonhl 
speak  they  will  familiarly  answer  you.  'J'his  beJiaviour  of 
ladies,  we  knew  wen>  modest  and  virtuous,  ajipeared  to  us  ex- 
traordinary and  f<  r  a  short  time  v<!ry  amusing.  On  Sunday 
cviMiing  W(!  walked  llu;  streets  which  were  filled  with  girls  and 
a  greater  number  of  I  hem  than  I  ever  see  walking  in  Philadel. 
phia.     The  tide  rises  amazingly  liere.     Came  to  17  «)r  18  feet. 


October  20d.     Salem    i-;    almost    surrounded   bv 


water,  and 


s(!hoonors  and   brigs   in    high    tide    run    up  back  of  the  town. 
an<l  at  low  water  are  quite  tlrv.     Tliere  is  a  point  of  land  runs 
2-\^OL.  XV. 


j 


qr 


i' 


1M 


JOUUNAr,  OF  MAJOK  KNNION  WII-MAMH. 


out  (o  I  l»o  hay  h.\h\  tlwy  Iiilvo  crrt^lcd  n.  luit  tcry  1<»  |>it'V»>ii(.  tin-. 
iiKMi  of  will'  i'l'oiii  K*'tl  iii)^  iiciir  nioiiKli  lo  Hnvci'ly  niid  HitltMii, 
(m  hiini  t  licin.  Ar  nitvt'ily,  wliicli  istlio  o|)|M),sil<t  sidn  «>|'  ilin 
rivoi',  (licriMM  ( \>  o  iinnod  hcIiooim'ih,  t)tl«>«l  out  wliicli  iTiiiHo 
iilioiil  (Im>  foiist.  Tli<'r(>  JH,  I  Ix'licvc,  iiImmiI.  lOUO  lionH«<H  in 
Siilcni.  'riio  s(  n>t'(s  near  t  lio  mil  I'o  iir<' pitvrd,  t  lie  ot  liriH  jiro 
as  Handy  soil,  IiIkIi  in  1  Ik*  middle,  and  k<>pi  <d<>a,n  ol'  inhhiHli. 
'IMi<>  accoiini  oT  I  liodoHlnnMion  of  l''aiiiiont  ii  arrived  lii>r<>,  and 
Hi*>  |HM>pl«H)«>f(a.n  tiirc**!  ly  (o  inovo  (lioW*tMt  India  and  other 
valiialdo  ^o(»ds  away,  lest  th<>  men  of  warHhonhl  ^cl  ii|>lhi>r*>. 
Wo  |»itss««d  on  over  a,  stony  roati  (o  Mariii<>  Ih'ad,  whirii  is  a, 
dii'ty  distif^rt'cahh' |»la,«M>.  At  itroscnt  tlipy  aro  hen' in  ^fi-eal  dis- 
1  roHs,  as  tli<<  town  is  linih  aiiion^jst  roclts  and  stoiH's,  wln>r«i  is 
no  l.ind  to  iMih  ivat*>.  IMarlilo  ilcad  and  th(>  pcopio  in  ti^i>n)>ial 
art'  llshtM'iutMi  or  coiHvnuMJ  in  that  way,  which  soiirttr  of  sup- 
port is  now  tit  III!  <Mid.  ISIaiiN  of  tln>  iiioii  urn  in  tlio  iiniiy  a,nd 
lli)>  r(>st.  unt  out  of  *>inplo\,  and  alniosl  <'\  *>i'y  iioiiso  swarnm 
wilii  childriMi  of  tli<>S(>  liardy  tcnipcrali*  mm.  Tiii'ir  siliiation 
is  uiisorahlc  ;  Ihn  streets  and  roads  are  (Hied  with  poor  liitie 
l)oys  ami  j^yirls  who  are  I'orcetl  to  hefx  of  j|,||  ( hey  see.  'I'lin 
wviinen  are  hi,/,y,  and  of  «'onseqnen(M*  <lirl  y  <'rea.t  iires.  'riieri* 
are  about  100  lionses  her(>,  and  four  or  ilvc  of  liieni  larj^-e  neat, 
houses.  'IMn>y  ha.ve  a.  snuili  l)att«>ry  on  a,  point  near  to  try  to 
keep  olT  t  lie  men  of  war.  One  rema,rlva,i>l(>  object  of  cluirity 
here,  was  a  little  l»oy  whose  left  arm  was  shri\  I'lietl  up  and 
dea.d.  Mud  his  le};"s  Avere  cont  I'a.ct  ed  and  f  oh  led  np  like  a.  tailor's 
and  of  no  st  reiiMlth.  This  emaciated  creat  lire  w<»nld  move  in 
an  odd  manner  with  t  lie  assistance  of  hisrit^lit  i<andinlo  the 
luidille  of  the  road  liefore  your  horse  and  would  be^-  in  a  most, 
moving  manner  and  you  must  K'^e  liim  something;  or  drive 
over  liim.      I  tlo  not   want  <>ver  to  see  (iicli  a.not  her  pla.ce. 

iiiun.  Octoix'r 'J.'VI.  We  passed  t  hiout^h  1  his  town  to  the  Half 
Way  House  at    Neweli's.  where  we  spent  t  he  evt'iuii;^  h(i,ppil,\ . 

•Jhh.  Ib-eakfasted  at  Medford  with  Col.  I'ra/.ier,  s|»enl  tiie 
remainder  of  the  moriiinjjf  wit  h  viewiiifj;  tiie  lines,  &c.,  on 
Winter,  Plon^jhed  and  I'rospect  Hill.  Dined  Jit  Mrown's  witii 
company  V. 

3")tii,  Thursda.\.  J>ined  with  ( 'oloiiel 'riinmiison.  jjast  iii>,dit 
I  went  th«>  fjrand  roiiiuls  witii  <  ieneral  ('reeiii',  Col.  Vernon. 
&'«'..  &c.  We  found  th(»  scut  ries  in  (j^eneral  a.i(>rt,  but  some  had 
not  tlie  rif^hf  comitersij^n.  for  wliich  th<>  s«>rfi;eants  were  se- 
verelv  reprimanded  and  Ihreati'iied  AVe  were  wit  h  our  sen- 
tries near  Cliarlcstown  Neclv  alioiit  1300  yards  from  liie  enemies 
sentries,  Onr  sent  ries  were  at  the  l;)west  trees  100  yanls  from 
the  eiiecuy.     'rii»>  form  was  this- 

Tht>  sentry  next    the  guard,  on  hearing  us  wdthin  al>out    lU) 


.JOUUNAf.  OF  MA.IOR  ICNNION  WIM.IAMH. 


11* 


vurds,     liollowH    «ml.    "who    ^f(l('H    (Iiito,"    HiTgcunl     luiHwcrH 


UuiiikIh. 


SVIiul  ichiimIh, 


TliH  jriMiid  i-oiiikIh.  "    '  tScrm'diil 


A<ivait(M«  uri<l  ({ivtt  I  lilt  (toiiiil'Tsigii.  "  \\r  ti<lv  iiiict'd  hikI  wIijh- 
IxTH  it.  T!i<!  H('n<ry  thru  ciiIIk  Io  Scr^cMiit  of  \\u>  ilwnrd.  'J'ho 
(iinii'd  liiriioiil,  iiii(h>r  iii'iiiK  to  nt>ur  I  hn  kciiI  i  y.  'J'hr  Hcigc/inl. 
1  hi'ii  imIvhihm'HuiiiI  HiiyH,  "  Whof^oM.s  1  Imvo.  "  A  iisw<  r,  "  UoiiihIh.  " 


Wliiii    KoiiikIk," '"Ph.*  (rnuid  l{.oiiiidH. 


Hrii^cuiil ,  Ad  V  (irnf 


<tiid  givn  t  ho  pnrfdc.  "  lit'  (^i\  cs  il  to  him.  The  H<'i^;<'/ml  of  |  Im> 
(itiai'd  t  ht'ii  rnt  iiniH  to  his  ( !ii.|»lajii,  ujid  IcIIh  iniii  I  h<t  puroli- 
a.iid  if  it  in  ii{^ii(,  ho  critK  otd  "(iratid  RoiiiiiIh  J'aHH  "  Tlic  )j;raiid 
I'oiiiids  t  Inn  pass  t  hroiif^h  I  Id*  difird  rIniAVii  up  in  I  wo  inidi'^, 
with  anri.H  nl  tin*  rest.  Tlio  niii^flo  Hi!iitri(!H  rccpiirr;  oidy  tin; 
i'oiinlisrsi^cii. 

« 'a,in  I  iridf^c,  ( )<•.!.  i2()(li.   'JMm  iiil  r<'ii('lirii"rdH  mii-    iiia<l«-  in    Iho 
foliowiiif^  iii/imicr  : 

Ilaviiit^  (lin  I'^iz-KMni's,  (•(i,l)ioiis,  and  Hialics  proparod,  th«» 
ffi'oiind  foithc  linrs  nni  niarlscd  out.  TlHt  (4at)ionH  urn  thtti 
Kct  onthf'hnt'S,  t  l<r»'H  or  (<»ur  (hep,  'rin-y  ani  t  Jmui  (ilhd  with 
f.ii'th,  dn^j  Mp  alon^^,'<i(h'.  l-'awrirn's  a.n!  then  jiili-rl  np  in  front, 
and  wit  Inn  sid<',  and  HtnkfH  niton  I  four  {'vi'{  lon;^  <!ro\  c  i  lir(ai{.;li 
to  l\<M>p  )  li*>ni  down,  iind  I'^is(;in<',s  aro  laid  npon  llnHopof  flic 
(iabionsand  covered  with  carlh,  and  ar(t  Ihns  filled  with  I'as- 
cincHajid  r.artli  to  a  proper  hcif^lit.  'JMii-n  tin-  insido  and  out- 
side and  top  arn  fa.(ied  a,nd  (ro\ered  with  H<»ds  of  e/i,rth  and 
grass  pinned  d(»wn  wit h  HlaJu's,  There  nhoidd  he  prrtper  in- 
tervals left,  for  aniiii/.iire.s.  The  inner  part  is  to  Id'  higher  t  hiin 
t  h(>  outer  and  the  slope  is  to  he  in  a  direct  Mill'  wii  h  t  lit!  <ilaei>. 
The  h(!rni  ((fatn'ral  GrfM-iio  says)  Khoiild  beat  lensl  two  fei  t  to 
these  line.s.  The  insidti  nearly  perpendi-Milar,  the  outside 
f-honld  slope  pari!  I  le|  lot  liesciirpor  <iite|i.  The  froni  hreasi  works 
on  Miiidier's  Mill  have  pic»pie{  s  in  the  lierni  about  .">  fei/t  long. 
There  ai'(>  the  following  I'orts,  \c. ,  here: 
I'ort  on  AVinler  Hill  and  Plowed  llil!. 

On  a  rising  gntnnil  Ix-lween  Winter'.s  und  J'rosj)eft  Hill, 
I'reneh  I'ort. 

On  I'rospect  Ilili. 

Two  redoubts  ix^tween  ditto  and  Plowed  1IIII. 

'JMiree  Half  l\Ioons  or  Transes  in  front  of  ProHpect  Hill, 
with  picUt 'k  (M»nininnica(  ing  to  each,  about  Jt.")  yards  from  tin? 
I)reast  works 

On  I  he  plain  about  'H)0  yar<ls  south  of  I'rospeet  Tlill. 


West  of  prospect,  a,bout  100  yards,  to  coiiiman<l  the  road. 
Three  south  of  Prospect ,  tf)  command  the  J'liiin  /ind  Cliarl 


OK 


Kiver, 


One   at    Sewell's   I'oinI     to    the    ,s(nitbward    of    tlii> 


Th 


niiirsli  and  l)rokeu  ground   render  it  alnnist  impossible  for  th« 


r 


ssm 


P 
I 


20 


JOURNAL  OF  MAJOR  ENNION  WILLIAMS. 


en«iay  to  land  tliere,  so  that  it  is  several  htnulred  yards  below 
this  that  the  next  fort  is. 

RoxburK  is  a  small  town  on  and  at  foot  of  a  small  Hill,  (on 
which  is  the  church. )  At  the  foot  of  a  very  large  ridfje  of  hills 
on  one  of  these  is  a  pretty  large  fort.  There  is  a  breastwork  in 
the  town.  One  ditto  at  the  lowest  part  of  ditto.  A  fort  a  lit- 
tle to  the  southward  of  the  Neck,  to  command  it  and  the  mea- 
<low,  about  rm  yards  with  a  few  hundred  yards  of  the  enemy. 
Works  on  Boston  Neck.  Several  redoubts  in  and  around  Rox- 
burg.     Their  lines  appear  very  strong. 


'  I 


-J  -. 


JOURNAL 


OP 


Captain  William  Hendkicks 


FROM  CARLISLE  TO  BOSTON, 

TIIEIS^CE  1  ()  QUEBEC. 
1775. 


(91) 


i  i 


ii 

I 


i 


wm 


[The  Journal  of  Captain  William  Hendricks  as  herewith 
given  is  copied  from  a  rare  pamphlet  prii>'.ed  at  (ilasgow,  Scot- 
land, in  connection  with  an  account  of  the  Siege  of  Quebec, 
from  the  hands  of  a  British  officer,  and  it  has  hedn  given  page 
for  page  as  in  the  original.  For  ji  notice  of  Captain  Hendricks, 
see  Volume  One,  Hattalions  and  Line. J 


(22^ 


A. 


JOURNAL 


OP   THK 


MARCH  OF  A   PARTY 


OF 


PROVINCIALS 


PROM 


CARLISLE  TO  BOSTON, 


AND   FROM 


THENCE  TO  QUEBEC, 

Begun  the  13th  of  July,  and  Ended  the  31st  of  Decem- 
ber, 1775. 

'» 

TO  WHICH   IS  ADDED 

An  Account  of  the  Attack  and  Engagement  at  Quebec, 
THE  3l8T  OF  December,  1775. 


OliAHOOWs 

PBINTED  BY  R.  OHAI'MAN  AND  A.  DUNOAN. 

MDCOLXXVI. 


I 


THE  following  authentic  Journal,  wrote  by  an  Officer  of  the 
Party,  was  sent  from  a  <Tentleman  in  <^iiol)ec  to  liis  Friend  in 
(ilasf^ow,  who  put  it  into  tlie  liamls  of  the  Printers.  Tliey 
have  subjoined  an  Account  of  the  Engagement  at  Quebec, 
which  was  wrote  by  tlie  same  (ientleman  wlio  transmitted  the 
Journal. 


(24) 


THE 


JOURNAL 


OF 


Capt.  WILLIAM  HENDlilCKS,  and 
Capt.  JOHN  CHAM13EKS,  ol'  tLo 
Ilifle-Men,  from  Carlisle  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, to  Boston  in  Massaclnisets, 
and  from  thence  to  Quebec,  begun 
July  13tli,  and  ending-  December 
3l8t,  1775. 


July  13fh, 

MARCHED  troni  Carlisle,  the  county 
town  of  Cumberland,  wltn  my  com- 
pany of  <)0  uien,  John  l\[c,Clellan,  I'^raneis 
Niohola,  and  Matthew  Irvine,  my  heuton- 

(3) 


Miles 


(26) 


36       JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


!h 


(4) 

ants.  First  day  came  to  John  Harris's 
ferry  on  Sasquehanna  river,  two  miles 
wide,  and  there  we  encamped, 

14.  Marched  to  Hummelstown, 

15.  To  Lebanon 

16.  To  the  sign  of  tlie  King  of  Prussia,    . 

17.  To  Riding,  county  town  of  Herks, 
Staid  at  Riding  until  the  22d.     Here  we 

met   Capts.  Paterson,  Smith,  Lowden,  and 
Noggle,  with  their  companies,  destined  for 
Cambridge.                         _' 
23.   To  Swan's  Tavern, 

23.  To  Allan's  town,     

24.  To  *Bethlem,  over  the  rivers  Jordan 

Carried  over, 

*  Bethlem  is  a  small  town  pleasantly  situ- 
ated on  the  banks  of  the  Lehay.  Here  are 
beautiful  gardens,  with  all  kinds  of  fruit  and 
flowers,  and  also  an  elegant  nunnery. 


Miles. 

18 
8 
17 
18 
14 


18 
18 


111 


jour:<al  of  capt.  william  he^dricks. 


27 


(5) 

Brought  over, 

and  great  Lehay,  to  Easten, 

25.  Crossed  Delawar  river  into  the  Jtsr- 
seys,  and  to  Oxford  Meeting-house,  ,  .  . 
20.  To  the  Log  goal,  where  we  tarr'd  and 
feather' d  one  of  the  ministerial  tools,  wlio 
refused  to  comply  with  the  resolves  of  our 
Continental  Congress. 

27.  To  Sussex  Court  house, 

28.  To  Dr.  Uinksman's, 

29.  To  Brewster's  Tavern,     

30.  To  New  Windsor,  on  North  or  Hud- 
son's river, 

31.  Rested  at  New  Windsor,  to  get  our 
linens  washed,  and  ourselves  recruited,  be- 
ing weary,  marching  in  exceeding  hot 
weather. 

August  1.  Proceeded  on  our  march   to 

Carried  over 


Mtlea. 

in 

18 


13 


10 
23 

11 


20b 


!  I 


■m 

'«, 

'111 
'  n '  ■■,■11 


•\ 


f  fl 
i 


i  I  i 


11 


'I 


28       JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.   WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(6) 

Brought  over, 

Takin'8 

2.  To  Bakers  Tavern 

3.  Thro'  Litchliekl,  a  small  town  in  Con- 
necticut government,  where  Capt.  Price, 
from  Maryland,  came  vip  with  us,  and 
brought  witli  him  another  ministerial  tool, 
whom  he  had  cauglit  on  his  march.  Here 
they  tarr'd  and  feather' d  him  ;  and, after  his 
making  acknowledgements,  was  drummed 
out  of  town.  We  then  marched  on  to 
Tavern,      

4.  Arrived  at  Hartford,  the  chief  town  in 
Connecticut  government.  This  town  is 
pleasantly  situated  on  Connecticut  river. 
In  this  place  are  seven  very  elegant  Pres- 
byterian parish  churches,      

5.  Crossed   the  river,   about   80  perches 

Carried  over, 


Miles. 
208 

37 
25 


29 


22 


311 


JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.   WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


29 


(7) 

Brought  over, 

wide,  and  marched  through    Farinington 
to  Tunis', 

6.  To  Mr.  Thomson  s  Meeting-house,    .   . 

7.  To  Mindon,  a  small  village, 

8.  To  Mr.  Ellis's  Tavern 

9.  To  liead  quarters  at  Camhridge,  four 
miles  from  Boston, 

Encamped  at  Cambridge  until  the  lltli 
of  September,  and  met  witli  11  companies 
of  musqueteers,  which,  with  our  two  com- 
panies from  (/arlisle,  made  13,  amounting 
to  1000  men,  unsler  tlie  command  of  Colom^I 
William  Thomson  of  Carlisle. 

During  our  stay  here,  notliing  very  ma- 
terial happened  until  the  3d  of  September, 
that    1000    of    the  American    troops  went 

Carried  over, 


Miles. 
311 


29 
28 
21 
23 


20 


432 


1 

rif 

1  1^^ 

1! 

Ill 
ii 
1 

1 

1 
; 
1 

1, 

1 

1 

1 

i 

'' 

II: 

'1! 

lii     \  1 

Ii    !    ;!n: 

i  i  -:i 


ill 


'ni  ■  -''i'; 


f  .!:-;■ 


80         JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(8) 

Brought  over, 

from  Prospect-hill,  to  raise  a  battery  on 
Plowecl-hill,  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
from  the  enemy  on  Jiunker's-liill ;  during 
the  time  that  our  men  were  at  work,  the 
enemy  kept  a  constant  lire  from  their  can- 
non on  Bunker's-hill,  ami  from  a  floating 
l)attery  which  lay  contiguous  to  UB  in  the 
bay,  which  killed  2  or  ;{  of  our  people,  and 
wounded  a  few  more ;  but  as  soon  as  our 
people  got  some  of  their  cannon  mounted, 
they  sunk  the  lloating  battery,  killed  sev- 
eral of  the  enemy,  and  obliged  them  on 
Bunker's-hill  tokeep  close  within  their  en- 
trendiments.  This  day  was  wounded  Mr. 
William  Simpson,  a  young  gentleman  vol- 
unteer with  Capt.   Smith,  from  Jjancaster 

Carried  over, ,    . 


M1I08 

432 


432. 


JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS.        31 


•  (9)  "  ' 

Brought  over, 

county  (Peiiusylvania. )  He  was  wounded 
in  tJie  foot,  had  his  leg  cut  off,  and  died 
soon  after.  During  tliese  transactions,  we 
were  informed  General  Washington  had 
receive*!  letters  from  gentlemen  in  Quebec, 
inviting  him  to  send  some  troops  thither, 
concluding  it  would  be  for  the  .'safety  of 
the  colonies.  Accordingly  (jieneml  Wash- 
ington ordered  11  companies  of  musket- 
men,  with  three  of  rifle-men,  to  march  for 
Canada.  The  rifle  captains  cast  lots  who 
shoukl  go,  and  it  fell  to  Capts.  Hendricks 
and  Smith  of  Pennsylvania,  and  Capt. 
Morgan  of  Maryland,  who,  together  with  11 
companies  of  musket-men,  under  the  com- 
mand  of  Colonel  Benedict  Arnold,  began 

Carried  over, 


Miles. 
432 


482 


w 


32       JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


:    j 


(10) 

Brought  over, 

their  marcli  for  Canada ;  the  whole  detach- 
ment amounting  to  1000  nieu. 

Sepember  11.  Marched  to  Mr.  Neal's  Tav- 
ern,      

13.  To  Mr.  Bunkham's  Meeting-house, 
13.  Arriveci  at  Newberry,  u  .sea-port  town, 
4")  miles  N.  E.  of  Boston,  and  there  en- 
camped until  the  18th,  whfu  we  embarked 
on  board  11  sail  of  .sloops  and  schooners, 
whicli  lay  ready  to  receive  us.  Lay  on 
board  all  iiight  in  the  harbour. 

19.  In  the  morning  we  weighed  anchor, 
and  steered  our  course  for  Kinnebec  river, 
30  leagues  N.  E.  of  Newberry. 

20.  Arrived  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  in 

Carried  over 


Miles. 
432 


13 
15 


460 


JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS.         38 


ni) 

Brought  over 

the  morning,  after  a  good  passage  of  23 
hours,  fair  wind,  round  sea.  Most  of  our 
people  were  sea-sick, 

31.  (Sailed  up  the  river  for  Port  Western, 
where  we  arrived  the  23d, 

35.  Embarked  on  board  300  batteaua 
ready  to  receive  us,  and  rowed  up  to  Port 
Hallifax,      | 

'47.  J»U8hed  against  the  stream  to  Taconio 
falJH.  Here  we  carried  our  boats,  provi- 
sion-s,  &c.,  forty  perches  or  so,  and  pushed 
up  farther 

28.  Pushed  up  eight  miles,  the  water  full 
of  rocks  and  shoals.  The  men  got  into  the 
water  to  haul  the  boats  over;  the  bottom 
«o  uneven,  that  the   men  were  sometimes 

Carried  over, 


Miles. 

460 


126 


45 


18 


051 


3- Vol  XV. 


k 

li 

I'l* 

;^i ' ':'.:.  ■ 

■\ 

::l  i ' 

84       JOURNAL  OP  C APT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


•      •      • 


"      i  (13) 

Brought  over, 

up  to  the  chin  in  water, 

29.  Puslnuj;  against  the  stream  to  the 
seoond  Carrying  Place,  Cohigin  falls,  .    . 

30.  Carried  boats  &c.  over  GO  perches, 
and  pushed  up  tlie  stream, 

October  1.  Pushed  and  dragged  u|>  over 
rocks  and  shoals,  where  we,  from  the  un- 
evennessof  the  bottom, sometimes  plumped 
over  head,  we  got  to  the  third  Carrying 
Place,  Norridge  Walk  falls 

3.  Carried  over  boats,  &c.  and  encamped, 
ami  entered  a  wild  barren  wilderness, 
birch,  pine,  hemlock.  Bome  parts  of  the 
river  side  good  bottom,  with  sugar  trees, 

3.   pushing  and  dragging.     To-day  killed 

Carried  over, 


Miles. 
651 

8 
10 


U 


mii 


-ijlJL 


y 


JOURNAL  OF  OAPT.   WILLIAM  HENDRICKS.         35 


(13) 

Hro'.ight  over, 

a  moose-deer, 

4.  Pushed  and  dragged  to  Tentuckefc  falls 
(Hellgate.        Carried    40   perches,   and   en 

camped 

•'),  (I,  7.  We  poled  and  dragged  against, 
a  shallow  stream,  and  encami)ed  at  the 
place    where  we    leave    Kinnebec.       Three 

days  made, 

H.  liay  in  our  tents  on  account  of  a  heavy 
rain. 

9,  10,  11.  (Jarried  hoats,  &c.  three  miles 
and  a  (juarter  over  a  high  hill,  very  had 
way,  to  the  first  pond  in  the  Carrying 
Place,   and   made    one    mile    and    an   half 

more,  and  oncampe<l,      

13,  l'{.  Carried  three  quarters  of  a  mile 
to  a  second  jiond,  a  mile  over;  then  two 
miles  land   to    the   third  pond,  two   miles 


Carried  over, 


Miles. 
11 


20 


726:^ 


B> 


ill 


I  !' 


If 


86      JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(14) 

Brought  over, 

over,  and  enoaraped,        

14,  15.  Carried  three  miles  and  a  quarter 
to  Dead  river,  a  mile  of  this  way  very 
swampy.  We  were  up  to  the  knees  in  mud. 
Then  up  the  river's  side  a  mile  more,  .   .   . 

16.  The  water  now  being  deep  and  dead, 
we  plied  our  oars,  and  rowed.  This  river 
comes  from  the  N.  W.  running  8.  E.  four 
perches  wide.     Here  the  water  very  black, 

17.  After  having  carried  over  a  short 
Carrying  Place,  rowed, 

18.  Rowed  up  20  miles,  and  carried  over 
a  short  Carrying  Place, 

19.  This  day  we  made  4  Carrying  Places, 
and  on  our  way 

20.  21,  32.    Encamped  on   account  of  the 

Carried  over,    . 


I 


Miles. 
726i 

5 


10 


16 


20 


786i 


-><li>«tmriiiiiit'n«>te 


Kitiui.ifinMWM 


JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS.        37 


(16) 

Brought  over, 

heavy  rain. 

28.  The  water  now  being  shallow,  we 
threw  our  oars  aside,  and  took  to  our  poles. 
We  pushed  up, 

24.  Our  provisions  now  growing  very 
scant,  and  some  of  our  men  sick,  the  sev- 
eral captains  concluded  to  send  the  sick 
back  and  a  isaptain,  with  50  men,  forward, 
to  reach  the  inhabitants  as  soon  as  possi- 
ble, in  order  to  send  us  supplies  of  provi- 
sions before  we  should  run  out.  Accord- 
ingly the  sick  were  sent  back,  and  Capt. 
Uanohet,  with  50  men,  forward.  Some- 
time before  this,  Colonel  Innes,  with  three 
companies  of  musket -men,  turned  back, 
being  discouraged  by  the  many  difficulties 
they  met  with;  and  our  third  lieutenant, 

Carried  over, 


Mllea. 


10 


706^ 


•I   'i 


1   >i 


1 

i 

; 

n\  B: 

i 
1 

1       i 

1 

I 

f 

88       JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(16) 

Brought  over, 

Mr.  Irvine,  being  sick,  was  left  at  the  first 
pond,  in  care  of  a  corporal  and  three  men. 
This  day  several  of  our  boats  were  overset, 
andniucl)  '  .""^sh'-v'.  provision,and  ammuni- 
tion, wei.;  lot't,  r^^  some  few  guns.  We 
got  forward  ihis  tiay, 

25.  Hnowe:'.  i-H  last  niglM,  and  very  cold, 
pushed  up  tliisday,  and.  cr<trfgo  i  two  Carry- 
ing Places,     , 

26.  This  day  pushed  up  through  four 
ponds,  and  carried  over  two  Carrying 
Places,  one  a  mile  07er,  the  ground  cov- 
ered with  snow,    .    .       

27.  This  day  crossed  a  pond  half  a  mile 
over,  carried  15  perches  to  another  pond, 
two  miles  over,  to  the  greatest   Carrying 

Carried  over, 


Miles. 
796^ 


830^ 


M 


JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKa        30 


■•■:,_•„■,--.  ;■  (17) 

Brought  over, 

Plaoe.  Here  it  was  agreed,  by  the  several 
companies,  to  leave  all  the  boats,  except  a 
few  to  carry  the  sick  down  Cliaudiere, 
after  having  carried  them  n«-ar  20  miles 
over  mountains  and  rocks,  and  through 
such  swamps  as  were  never  passed  by  man 
before.  Our  shoulders  were  so  bruised  by 
them  that  we  could  not  suffer  any  thing 
to  touch  them.  Our  company  carried 
but  one  boat  over,  which  was  to  take 
our  lieutenant  down  the  Chaudiere.  The 
carriage  here  to  a  small  stream  leading  to 
Chaudiere   pond    four  miles  and  an  half. 

Here  we  encamped 

38.  We  dealt  out  our  flour,  (meat  we.had 
none)  four  pints  per  man.  Here  we  re- 
ceived a  letter  from  Colonel  Arnold,  who 

'  ■      Carried  over, 


Mllen. 
820^ 


,■,'    'i.^    ■,'^- 


837i 


I     ; 


40       JODBNAL  OP  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HBNDRICKS. 


(18) 

Brought  over, 

had  gone  two  days  before,  letting  us  know 
we  were  within  four  days  march  of  the  in- 
habitants, and  might  expect  to  meet  pro- 
visions in  three  days  time.  That  General 
Schuyler  had  gained  an  advantage  over 
the  ministerial  troops  near  8t.  John's,  by 
killing  and  taking  a  number  of  them. 
This  news  put  us  in  high  spirits;  but  it 
proved  hurtful  to  many  of  us ;  for  we,  sup- 
posing we  were  much  nearer  the  inhabit- 
ants than  we  really  were,  ate  up  our  bread 
more  lavishly  than  otherwise  we  would 
have  dolne. 

October  39.  Set  out  thro'  the  woods  for 
the  head  of  Chaudiere  river,  and  marched 
fourteen  miles  to-day,  through    swamps, 


Carried  over, 


•      •      • 


Milea. 
897i 


am 


H 


'  ri. 


JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


41 


(19) 

Brought  over, 

in  many  places  up  to  our  knees,  and  over 
trees;  that  lay  on  the  ground,  covering 
it  for  several  perches  together,       

30.  This  day  went  astray  over  mountains, 
and  through  swamps,  which  could  scarcely 

be  passed  by  wild  beasts .     Waded  a 

small  river  up  to  our  wastes,  then  marched 
on  until  night  in  our  wet  clothes.  At 
night  we  found  ourselves  within  five  miles 
of  the  place  we  started  from.  We  marched 
fifteen  miles  in  vain, 

31.  This  morning  set  oflf  on  the  path  our 
advanced  party  had  taken  before,  in  bet- 
ter spirits  than  for  many  days  past.  In  the 
evening  came  up  with  Mr.  McClellan,  our 
first  lieutenant,  who  had  come  down  the 

Carried  over, 


Miles. 

827:^ 


14 


846 


1 ,: 


43        JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(20) 

Brought  over,      

(^haudiere,  in  a  batteau,  with  four  of  our 
men  to  row  the  boat.  Tliey  had  been 
over  set  in  the  river,  narrowly  escaping 
being  drowned;  they  lost  clothes,  blank- 
ets, and  ammunition.  Capt.  Smith  and 
Morgan  were  also  cast  away  in  the  river. 
Capt.  Smith  lost  his  chest  and  clothes,  with 
his  officers  clothes,  and  a  considerable  sum 
of  money  Capt.  Morgan  also  lost  his 
clotlies  and  cash :  one  of  his  men  was 
drowned.  They  then  all  took  to  the  land, 
and  made  the  best  of  their  way  towards 
the  inhabitants.  Mr.  McClellan  being  far 
spent,  and  unable  to  march,  was  left  in 
care  of  two  of  our  company ;  he  was  greatly 
beloved  by  the  whole  detachment.     Here 

Carried  over, 


Miles. 
846 


846 


JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.   WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


43 


•      *       •       • 


(21) 

*;  Brought  over,  .  . 
our  Captain,  and  some  others  of  our  com- 
pany divided  tlieir  small  moiety  of  bread 
Hn<l  ftour  with  him,  parting  in  great  ten- 
derness, never  expecting  to  see  him  more: 
we  then  marched  on  till  night,  in  a  very 
deplorable  condition,  several  of  the  com- 
pany being  out  of  provisions.     We  marched 

to-day 

November  1.  This  morning  many  of  the 
company  falling  behind,  being  weary  and 
faint  for  want  of  provisions,  Capt.  Hen- 
dricks thought  it  best  to  make  forward  as 
fast  as  possible  to  the  inhabitants,  with 
♦  what  men  were  with  him.  Our  case  being 
desperate,  and  every  man,  willing  to  save 
his  life,  if  possible,  marched  on  over  mount- 


I       Mllea. 
846 


Carried  over, 


25 


871 


C« 


"if 


44       JOURI«AL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS 


^ 


(38) 

Brought  over, 

ains,  and  through  swamps,  enough  to 
weary  and  discourage  the  stoutest  trav- 
eller. On  our  way,  jwissed  some  of  the 
musket-inen  eating  two  dogs,  which  they 
had  roasted  skins,  guts,  and  all,  not  having 
eat  any  thing  for  two  some  three  days  be- 
fore. I  myself  saw  one  of  them  offer  a  dol- 
lar, to  one  of  our  company,  for  a  bit  of 
cake  not  above  two  ounces.  At  night,  we 
encamped  in  a  very  deplorable  condition  ; 
some  of  us  had  not  eaten  for  24  hours.     We 

made  to-day, 

December  2.  This  morning,  when  we 
arose,  many  of  us  were  so  weak  that  we 
could  scarce  stand ;  I  myself  staggered 
about  like  a  drunken  man.     We  got    our 

>•       Carried  over, 


Miles. 
871 


20 


891 


JOURNAL  OP  GAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS.        45 


(88) 

r 

Brought  over, 

packs  on  our  backs,  and  marched  off,  hop- 
ing to  see  the  inhabitants  this  day  :  A  small 
stick,  lying  across  the  way,  was  sufficient 
to  bring  the  stoutest  of  us  to  the  ground. 
In  the  evening,  we  saw  some  cattle  coming 
up  the  river,  the  most  joyful  sight  that  we 
had  ever  seen.  When  we  came  to  them, 
the  men  who  drove  them  told  us,  we  were 
then  20  miles  from  the  nearest  inhabitants ; 
and  that  Colonel  Arnold  had  got  in  two 
days  before,  and  immediately  sent  off  these 
cattle  for  our  relief.  Accordingly  some 
went  to  work,  and,  in  a  short  time,  had 
one  of  the  beasts  killed  and  dressed.  This 
night  we  fared  sumptuously.     We  marched 

Carried  over, , 


I 


Mllen. 
891 


891 


1 

; 

4 

nil  l!| 

m 

\m 


I'iil! 


40       JOURNAL  OF  OAPT.    WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(34) 

Broufflit  over, 

this  day,      . 

8.  This  «lay  niarchod  aO  luilos,  wa<lin(( 
Heveral  small  rivers,  some  of  tliem  up  to 
our  waists,  the  water  exceeding  eold.  In 
tlie  evening;  rame  in  siglit  of  a  house,  tlie 
first  we  liad  seen  for  lour  weel<s.  Here  we 
encamped  all  night,  antl  got  plenty  of  good 
beef  and  potatoes,  little  or  no  bread,    .   . 

4.  Snow  in  the  night.     Marched  down  the 
river,  which  was  thickly  settled, 

5.  (continued  our  march  down  the  river, 
the  people  kind  and  hospitable,-—  pro- 
visions plenty,  at  n  high  price;  we  pai«l 
1  8h.  Sterl.  per  quart  for  milk,  and  1  sh. 
for  a  snuiU  loaf  of  breail,  aloiit  3  lb.     To- 


Carried  over, 


MIIOH 

801 
20 


20 
10 


041 


JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDIUCKB.        47 


(25) 

Brought  over, 

day  we  came, 

0.  ('time  up  with  ('ol,  Arnold  nnd  thend- 
vaiiccd  party,  halte<i  rill  2  oclock,  then 
marched  till  1'^  at  nis'i^  most  of  the  way 
half  iej^  d.-ep  hi  mild  and  water 

7.  Man'he«l  thiH  morninff  3  miles,  halted 
till  eveniiiif,  when  a  Lieut,  with  20  men, 
was  ordered  forward  to  see  if  the  way  was 
clear.  Accord infjly  They  marched  till  near 
2  o'clock  ill  the  mornln>^,  then  halted  in 
sif^ht  of  Quebec,  the  river  St.  Lawrence 
beiiiff  between  us  and  the  city, 


In  all. 


Mllnn. 

12 


17 


979 


8.  Quartered  along  the  river's  side  (Point  Levy) 
until  our  meu,  which  were  buhinU,  Bhould  come  up. 


4»       JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(26) 
Remained  here  until  the   13th,  when  most  of  the 

men,  who  were  behind  alive,  came  up,  who  in- 
formed us  that  several  of  the  musket-men  liad  per- 
ished of  liunger  in  the  woods,  and  also  some  rifle- 
men, among  wliom  was  Jolui  Taylor  of  Gapt.  Hend- 
rick's  company.  During  our  stay  here,  Capt.  Mor- 
gan took  a  mid-shipmaii,  belonging  to  a  frigate  in 
the  harbour,  who  came  a-shore,  with  some  men  in 
a  boat,  to  carry  away  flour  from  a  mill  on  our  side 
the  river.  A  frigate  of  20  guns,  some  few  mer- 
chant-men, and  small  craft,  in  the  harbour. 

13.  Crossed  the  river,  this  night,  in  long  boats 
and  canoes..  Some  of  the  canoes  overset  in  the  river, 
by  which  some  clothes  and  guns  were  lost.  Got  all 
safe  over  in  the  morning  to  a  place  called  Wolf's 
cove. 

14.  This  morning  were  fired  upon  by  thefrlgate,  but 
received  no  damage.     Took  up  our  quarters  in  some 


tJk 


JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS.       4U 


(27) 
good  houses,  near  the  town,  which  were  deserted 
by  the  owners.  Took  several  prisoners,  who  in- 
formed us  thut  there  was  not  more  tlian  100  regular 
soldiers  in  the  town,  besides  a  number  of  sailors, 
and  other  new  recruits,  amounting,  in  the  whole 
to  between  3  and  400  men  under  arms.  The  first 
day  we  came  over  the  nver,  we  [)assed  close  by  the 
city  walls,  and  gave  three  cheers,  then  marched  off, 

without  being  molested  by  them  in  the  town. 

They  llred  some  cannon,  but  did  no  execution. 

21.  Marched  up  the  river  to  Point  an  Tremble, 
20miles;  ourammunitionlieinginsnfficient  toattack 
the  town  with.  Here  we  were  joined  by  Gen.  Mont- 
gomery, with  the  New  York  troops,  who  had  taken 
St.  .lohn's.  Fort  Cliamljlee,  and  Montreal,  where 
they  found  considc-rabie  stores  of  ammunition,  i)ro- 
visions,  and  clothing,  with  a  great  number  of  can- 
non, and  took  near  TOO  prisoners.     Here  the  two 

D 


4  Vol,.   XV. 


i' 

- 

■■ 

i 

4 
1 

ii 

;l 

f 

j 

60       JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(28) 
men,  who  had  been  left  with  Mr.  McClellan  upon 
Chaudiere,  came  to  us  and  informed  us  that  they 
had  buried  him  at  the  first  inhabited  house  they 
came  to,  after  he  had  been  brought  down  by  two 
Indians,  hired  V)y  Capt.  Snuith  for  that  purpose. 
Continued  at  Point  au  Tremble  till  the  5th  of  De- 
cember, when  we  marched  back  to  Quebec,  and  laid 
siege  to  the  town.  We  continued  the  siege  till  the 
30th  of  December,  during  which  time  some  were 
killed  on  both  sides.  The  evening  of  the  30th  pre- 
pared to  attack  the  city.  Gen.  Montgomery,  with 
the  New  York  forces,  on  one  side,  and  Col.  Arnold, 
with  his  detachment  from  Boston,  on  the  other 
side.  Accordingly,  about  5  o'clock  in  the  morn- 
ing of  the  :Mst  began  the  attack ;  but  the  snow  be- 
ing so  deep,  where  the  (ieneral  made  the  attack, 
they  could  not  reach  the  wall ;  they  retreateil  back 
to  their  quarters.  Col.  Arnohl's  party  carried  on 
the  attack,  but  lie  being  wounded  in  the  beginning 


I  I 


i 


mm 


JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.   WILLIAM  HENDRICKS.        51 


(29) 
of  tlie  affair,  went  back.  Capt.  Morj^an  then  took 
the  lea<l,  who  with  Capt.  Hendricks*,  and  four  or 
five  other  companies,  (sayCapts. )  with  some  of 
their  men,  j^ot  over  the  walls,  drove  the  enemy  from 
their  cannon,  and  got  a  considerable  way  into  the 
town,  when,  at  length,  tliey  being  surrounded  on 
all  sides,  an»l  over  powered  by  numbers,  we  were 
obliged  to  surrender  prisoners  of  war,  being  assured 
of  good  quarters. 

THE  END  OF  THE  JOURNAL. 


Tht  fnlloioing  Account  of  the  Engagement  at 
QuKBEC,  from  a  Gentleman  to  his  Friend  in  this 
City,  is  suf/Joined,  as  the  Writer  of  the  above  Jour- 
nal ieares  it  rather  unfinished. 

f    INTEND    to   send   you   a   journal,    containing 

*     every  material  occurrence  during  the  blockade; 

[He  opologizesfor  not  sending  it  with  the  Journal] 

1)2 


illl  '"  ll 


52      JOURNAL  OP  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(30) 
mean  time,  shall  give  you  the  words  of  it  on  the  day 
the  rebels  attempted  to  storm  us. 

December  Slst,  1775. 
Wind  N.  E.  snowy  and  cloudy  Capt.  Malcolm 
Fraser,  of  the  Royal  Emigrants,  in  going  his  rounds 
between  four  and  five  o'clock  this  morning,  per- 
ceived signals  made  by  the  enemy;  he  immediately 
alarmed  the  guards,  and  picquets,  who  stood  to 
their  arms.  All  our  centries  saw  flashes  like  light- 
ning every  where  round  about.  Those  between  St. 
John's-gate  and  Cape  Diamond  saw  an  avenue  of 
lant horns,  as  if  set  upon  poles,  at  regular  distances  ; 
their  sky-rockets  were  seen  which  was  instantane- 
ously followed  by  ashower  of  balls,  from  the  rebels, 
on  our  people  who  lined  the  walls  at  Cape  Diamond. 
The  drums  beat  to  arms;  all  the  bells  rang  the 
alarm ;  and,  in  less  than  ten  minutes,  every  person 
a()le  to  bear  arms  was  in  motion ;  Even   old   men, 


JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.    WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


53 


(31) 
upwards  of  seventy,  were  forward  in  appearing  for 
the  defeace  of  the  town. 

A  party  of  the  British  militia,  under  colonel 
Caldwell,  was  immediately  detached  by  colonel 
Maclean,  to  reinforce  Cape  Diamond,  as  it  was  said 
an  attack  would  be  made  tliere  :  There  he  posted  the 
party,  and  returned  to  the  parade.  Mr.  Montgom- 
ery attacked,  at  the  na,nie  time,  at  Pres  de  ViJIe 
(a  sti'ong  barrier  and  gua.rd -house,  at  the  south- 
ern extremity  of  the  town,)  with  900  picked  men; 
and  Arnold,  attacked  at  Saut  an  Matelot  (the  bat- 
tery at  the  northern  end  of  the  lower  town,)  with 
?00  chosen  fellows.  Still  the  lire  was  kept  up  at 
Cape  Diaiuond  ;  and  a  strong  body  (it  is  said  they 
were  Canadians)  appeared  on  St.  .John's  suburbs, 
and  their  bomb  battery  played  on  us  fi'oni  St. 
Roc. 

Theguardat  Pres  do  Ville  had  perceived  (lashes  for 
some  time  ;  and  every  manwasreadyathisiiost.  The 


11! 


k 


54        JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.    WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(33) 
gunners,  with  lighted  matches,  stood  ready  to  give 
the  rebels  a  warm  reception.  Though  the  night 
was  very  dark,  with  thick  snow,  yet  they  were  seen 
approaching.  A  body  of  about  150  came  within  50 
yardH  of  our  guns.  They  made  a  stand, "at  a  narrow 
pass,  as  if  in  consultation.  Cai)tain  Barnfair,  who 
commanded  the  guns,  watched  time,  and  fired  the 
instant  they  began  to  move  forwards.  Shrieks  and 
groans  were  heard,  but  nobody  was  seen.  After 
this  cool  discharge,  he  continued  his  fire  for  some 
time. At  the  orher  end  of  the  town,  the  re- 
bels had  better  success  :  They  forced  our  guard  at 
Saut  au  Matelot,  penetrated  to  the  end  of  the  street, 
where  our  people  made  a  stand  behind  a  barrier. 
A  very  hot  fire  began  on  both  sides  ;  the  rebels  fired 
undercoveras  much  as  possible.  At  thistimegeneral 
Carleton  saw  their  error,  and  improved  the  opportu- 
nity.    He  sent  captain  Laws,  with  a  party,  out  at 


1 


V^^ 


I 


JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS.        sr, 


(33) 
Palace-gate,  to  attack  the  enemy  in  rear;  and  col- 
onel Maclean  sent  captain  Macdougal  to  support 
him,  and  take  possession  of  the  post  which  our 
guard  had  abandoned.  Major  Nairne,  also  of  the 
Royal  Emigrants,  or  colonet  Maclean's  regiment, 
was  detached  to  the  lower-town  with  a  strong 
party  ;  and  colonel  Caldwell,  with  a  detachment  of 
the  British  militia,  was  sent  there  also. 

Major  Nairne,  and  lieutenant  Dembourges,  of  the 
same  corps,  attracted  the  notice  of  every  body,  and 
gained  much  honour  by  their  gallant  behaviour. 
They  entered  a  house  by  the  windows  where  the  re- 
bels had  lodged  themselves,  and,  with  charged  bay- 
onets, forced  them  to  desert  it,  anil  thus  secured  a 
post,  which  had  the  enemy  kept,  must  have  been 
attended  with  the  worst  consequences  for  us,  as  it 
commanded  a  principal  street,  and  overlooked  the 
strong  battery  on  Lymburner's  wharf,  .••    ■ 


M 


66       JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


(34) 

The  general,  from  his  knowledge  in  military 
affairs,  forsaw  that  the  sorii  would  be  crowned  with 
success.  The  different  corps,  confiding  in  his  abili> 
ties,  marched  with  alacrity  wherever  they  were  led  ; 
and  advanced,  secure  of  gaining  victory. 

Colonel  Maclean,  the  second  in  command,  with 
all  the  presence  of  mind  which  distinguishes  the 
brave  soldier,  made  his  disiiositions  in  most  excel- 
lent order,  to  counteract  the  plans  of  the  attackei-s. 
In  short,  his  indefatigability,  ever  since  the  town 
was  invested,  gave  us  a  favourable  presage  of  our 
success. 

Colonel  Caldwell,  by  his  example,  made  his  corps 
of  militia  emulous  to  appear  where  danger  made 
their  assistance  necessary. Therebels,  perceiv- 
ing themselves  vigorously  attacked  in  front  and 
rear,  called  for  quarter,  which  was  granted.  In  this 
affair,  we  made  the  flower  of  Mr.  Montgomery's 
army   prisoners;  and  we   have   reason   to    think 


JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WIIJilAM  HENDRICKS. 


57 


(35) 
that  many  have  been  killed,  and  many  wounded. 

—  Arnold  was  carried  off  at  the  first  onset :     He 

was  shot  in  the  leg,  while  he  was  passing  the  picquets 
behind  the  Hotel  Dieu  ;  from  whence  an  inconceiv- 
able f iLsilade^  was  poured  on  the  rebels  as  they 
marched  to  the  Saut  au  Mateiot. 

The  prisoners  say, that  if  Mr.  Montgomery's  party 
had  attacked  at  Pres  de  Ville  with  equal  bravery  to 
that  which  was  shown  at  Saut  au  Mateiot,  they 
would  have  carried  the  Lower-town  :  But,  after  the 
Lower-town  is  taken,  it  is  commanded  by  the  Up- 
per-town. 

The  rebels  had  slips  of  paper  pinned  to  their 
caps,  with  the  words  Liberty  or  Death  !  wrote  on 
them. 

We  lost,  this  morning,  capt.  Anderson,  formerly 
lieutenant  in  the  navy,  killed  ;  five  privates  killed  ; 
one  private  wounded. 

We  took  two  royals,  three  howitzers,  two  brass 

E 


w 


1  : 


> 


58        JOURNAL  OF  CAPT.  WILLIAM  HENDRICKS. 


V,    w 


(36) 
three  pounders,  with  a  quantity  of  small  shells. 

We  made  prisoners,  1  lieutenant  colonel,  3  majors, 
8 captains,  15  lieutenants,  1  adjutant,  1  quarter  mas- 
ter, 4. volunteers,  350  privates;  44  officers  and  sol- 
diers wounded. 426  taken  in  all. 

Our  fatigue  this  winter,  has  been  excessive. 
Every  man  able  to  carry  a  musket  became  soldier, 
and  did  his  duty  cheerfully.  We  lived  on  salt  beef, 
salt  pork,  and  salt  fish.  Fresh  meat  was  from  Is. 
3d.  to  Ih.  6d.  per  pound;  a  turkey  Is.  3d.  a  dozen  of 
eggs  2s.  6d.  and  every  thing  in  proportion.  The 
news-papers  will  have  informed  you  of  our  success 
on  the  day  the  rebels  attempted  to  storm  us. 
Quebec,  May  14th,  1776. 

FINIS. 


If 


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'^:r:?^:^  •  Q^'^^i^i^ 


JOURNAL 


OF 


The  Campaign  Against  Quebec, 


BV 


JOHN  JOSEPH  HENRY. 
1775. 


tm 


[Tlie  following  journal  by  Hon.  John  Joseph  Henry  has  been 
recently  reprinieU  with  notes,  but  as  it  is  a  companion  journal 
to  lliut  of  C!aptain  William  Hendricks,  and  a  record  of  the 
Pennsylvania  troops  whicii  took  j)jirt  in  the  campaign  against 
l^uebec,  under  Gen.  Benedict  Arnold  in  the  autumn  and  win- 
ter of  177"),  it  is  given  in  this  volume  chiefly  made  up  of  Revol- 
utionary documents.  As  will  be  seen,  Judge  Henry  wrote  out 
the  journal  for  his  children.  ] 


!il! 


(60) 


AN  ACCURATE 


AND 


INTERESTING  ACCOUNT 


OF  THE 


HARDSHIPS  AND  SUFFERINGS 


OF  THAT 


BAND  OF  HEROES, 


WHO  TRAVERSKD  THE  WILDERNESS 


IN  THE 


CAMPAIGI^  AGAINST  QUEBEC 

IN  1775- 


BY  JOHN  JOSEPH  HENRY,   ESQ. 

LATE  PRh'SIDEX'I    OF    I'll  10    SKCOXD  JUDIVIAL  DIS- 
TRICT OF  Pt'NNSi'LVANIA. 


LANCASTER: 
PRINTED   BY   WILLIAM   GREER 


1812. 
(61) 


II  I 


'      ! 


N:^ 


(62) 


TO  THE  PUBLIC. 

THIS  work  is  given  to  tlie  world,  as  left  byjndge  Hknry. 
Had  he  lived  to  superintend  the  printing  of  it  himself,  many 
alterations  would,  no  doubt,  have  been  made,  many  passages 
which  may  at  present  appear  obscure,  would  have  been  fully 
explained,  and  many  differences  of  style  corrected.  As  the 
work  purports  to  be  written  l)y  judge  Henry,  it  was  rhought 
improper  to  make  any  alterations  or  a<lditions,  trusting  that 
the  world,  when  acquainted  with  the  circumstances  nnder 
which  it  was  published,  will  be  disposed  to  pardon  trivial 
errors,  as  to  the  truth  of  the  princii)al  facts  ;  the  following  let- 
ter, from  general  Michael  Simpson,  is  ample  testimony  : 
J)KAR  Sir, 

I  have  read  your  work  "of  the  expedition  through  the  wild- 
erness ilk  177;"),''  So  far  as  I  was  concerne<l,  in  the  transactions 
related  in  the  work,  they  are  truly  stated.  That  expedition, 
perhaps,  the  most  arduous  during  the  revolutionary  wai,  is 
truly  represented.  The  public  may,  in  the  general,  be  assnred, 
that  the  account  is  genuine. 

Your  liumble  servant, 

MICHAEL  SIMPSON. 


(63) 


04 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


•   I 


it 

I 


III 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC,  ETC. 


f  i ' 


hi 


I  Bit 


I 


83 


i 


THERE  is  a  point,  in  the  history  of  tlie  American  revolution, 
hitlierto  little  attended  to;  as  yet  imperfectly  related,  and 
now  at  this  late  day  almost  forgotten  ;  which  would  deserve 
and  require  the  talents  and  genius  of  a  Xenophon,  to  do  it  real 
justice.  As  your  father  in  early  life  had  a  concern  in  that  ad- 
venture, permit  him  to  relate  to  you  in  the  words  of  truth,  a 
compendious  detail  of  the  sufferings  of  a  small  band  of  heroes; 
unused,  to  Ije  sure,  lo  military  tactics  and  due  subordination, 
but  whose  souls  were  fired  by  an  enthusiastic  love  of  country, 
and  a  spirit  such  as  has  often  inspired  our  ancestors,  when  de- 
termined to  be  free.  In  giving  you  this  relation,  knowing  him 
as  you  do,  you  will  scarcely  call  in  question  his  veracity;  par- 
ticularly when  he  assures  you  upon  the  honor  of  a  gentleman 
and  an  honest  man.  that  every  word  here  related,  to  the  best 
of  his  recollection  and  belief,  is  literally  true.  He  could  not 
be  so  unjust  to  your  morals,  your  veracity,  or  integrity,  as  lo 
state  any  thmg  to  you  which  he  knew,  or  even  suspected  to  be 
untrue.  He  has  himself  been  too  much  the  victim  of  base  liars, 
not  to  endeavour  to  eradicate  so  vile  a  principal  from  your 
minds.  His  own  ftducation,  though  made  by  his  truantism, 
(in  avoidance  of  the  bounteous  and  liberal  designs  of  his  good 
father,)  an  incorrect  one,  yet  the  piety  and  real  religious  fer- 
vour of  his  parents,  never  would  tolerate  a  lie.  This  mental 
vice,  to  tiiem,  was  the  greatest  of  all  abominations,  as  it  is 
with  your  father:  it  is  also  his  most  fervent  hope  and  praver, 
that  every  one  of  you,  will  not  only  contemn  the  lie,  but  hold 
ill  sovereign  detestation  the  liar. 

Pei'sons  at  your  age,  and  at  this  advanced  stage  of  the  im- 
l)roveinent  and  melioration  of  our  soil,  in  a  climate  so  far 
south  as  ours,  can  scarcely  form  a  correct  conception,  but  from 
actual  observation,  of  the  sterility,  the  dreariness  and  the  de- 
stitution of  every  comfort  of  life,  which  a  wilderness  in  a  high 
northern  latitude  exhibits.  A  confidence  however  in  your  good 
sense,  encourages,  and  in  fact  animates  him,  to  put  that  upon 
paper,  which  has  a  thousand  times,  in  detached  jmrcels,  been 
the  subject  of  amusing  i)ra.ttle  around  the  fireside.  This  is 
<lone  the  rather  at  this  time,  as  some  very  atrocious  scoundrels 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


65 


who  never  looked  an  enemy  in  the  eye,  now  assume  the  gar- 
lands and  honors,  which  ought  to  adorn  the  brows  of  raore 
worthy  men. 

In  the  autumn  of  1775,  our  adorable  Washington,  thought 
it  prudent   to  make  a  descent  upon  Canada.     A  detachment 
from  the  Americau  grand  army,  then  in  the  vicinity  of  Boston 
(Massachusetts,)  was  organized,  to  fulfil   this  intention,  by  the 
route  of  the  Kennebec  and  Chaudiere  rivers.     It  was  intended 
as  a  co-operation  witli  the  army  of  General  Montgomery,  who 
had  entered  the  same  province,  by  the  way  of    Champlaine 
and   Montreal.     Colonel  Benedict  Arnold  was  appointed  the 
commander  in  chief  of  the  whole  division.     The  detachment 
consisted  of  eleven  hundred  men.     Enos  was  second  in  com- 
mand.    Of  this  I  knew  nothing,  but  from  report.     Riflemen 
composed  a  part  of  the  armament.     These   companies,  from 
sixty-live  to  seventy-live    strong,  were   from   the  southward: 
that  is,  captain  Daniel  Morgan's  company  from  Vii-ginia  ;  that 
of   captain  William    Hendricks'  from  Cumberland  county    in 
Pennsylvania,  and   captain  Matthew  Smith's  company   fronj 
the  (H)anty  of  Lancaster,  in  the  latter  province.     The  residue, 
and  bulk  of  this  corps,  consisted  of  troops  from  Massachusetts, 
Rhode-Island  and  Connecticut.    It  has  flown  from  my  memory, 
whether  we  had  any  from  New-Hampshire ;  but  there  is  an 
impression  on  my  mind  that  we  had,  as  general    Dearborne, 
wlio  was  of  the  latter  province,  commanded  a  company  in  the 
expedition.     All   these  men  were  of  as  rude  and  hardy  a  race 
as  ourselves,  and  as  unused  to  the  discipline  of  a  camp,  and  as 
fearless  as  avo  were.     It  fell  to  me  to  know  many  of  them  after- 
wards intimately  ;  speaking  generally,  without  any  allusion  to 
particulars,  they  were  an  excellent    body  of   men,  formed  by 
nature  as  the  stamina  of  an  army,  fitted  for  a  tough  and  tight 
defence  of  the  lihertfes  of  their  <;ountry.     The  principal  distinc- 
tion between  us,  was  in  our  dialects,  our  arms,  and  our  dress. 
!vich  man  of  tlm  three  companies,  bore  a    ritle- barreled   gun, 
a  tomahawk,  or  small  axe,  and  a  long  knife,  nsually  called  a 
"scalping-knife,"  which  serveci  for  all  purp().ses,  in    the  woods. 
His  under-dress,  l)y  no  means  in  a  military  style,  was  covered 
by  a  deep  ash-colored    hunting-shirt,  leggins  and    mocUasins, 
if  the    latter    could    be  procured.      It  was  the  silly  fashion  of 
those  times,  for  riflemen  to  ape  the  manners  of  savages. 

Our  commander  Arnold,  was  of  a  nunarkable  character.  Ho 
was  brave,  even  to  temerity,  was  beloved  by  tlie  soldiery,  per- 
haps for  that  quality  only  :— he  possessed  great  powers  of  per- 
suasion,  was    complaisant:   but  withal    sordidly   avaricious. 

n-VoL.  XV     . 


mmm 


66 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


Arnold  was  a  short  handsome  man,  of  a  florid  complexion, 
stoutly  made,  and  forty  years  old  at  least. 

On  the  other  hand  Morgan  was  a  large  strong  bodied  per- 
sonage, whose  appearance  gave  the  idea  history  has  left  iis  of 
Belisarius.  His  manners  were  of  tiie  severer  cast ;  but  where 
he  became  attached  he  was  kind  and  truly  affectionate.  This 
is  said,  from  experience  of  the  most  sensitive  and  pleasing 
nature ;  activity,  spirit  and  courage  in  a  soldier,  procured  his 
good  will  and  esteem. 

Hendricks  was  tall,  of  a  mild  and  beautiful  countenance. 
His  soul  was  animated  by  a  genuine  spark  of  heroism.  Smith 
was  a  good  looking  man,  had  the  air  of  a  soldier,  was  illiterate 
and  outrageously  talkative.  The  officers  of  the  eastern  troops, 
were  many  of  them  men  of  sterling  worth.  Colonel  Christo- 
pher Green  seemed  too  far  advanced  in  life  for  such  hard  ser- 
vice, yet  he  was  inspired  by  an  ardour  becoming  a  youth.  He 
afterwards  did  the  public  good  service  at  Red  bank  on  the*  Del- 
aware, in  the  autumn  of  1777.  Majors  Meigs,  Febiger  and  ]iig- 
elow,  were  excellent  characters.  As  we  acted  in  the  advance,  the 
latter  gentlemen  were  not  well  known  to  us,  untilsome  time  after- 
wards. Your  father  was  too  young  to  enjoy  any  other  honor, 
than  that  of  exposing  himself  in  the  character  of  a  cadet,  to 
every  danger.  This  little  Army  in  high  spirits,  marched  from 
Prospect-hill  near  Cambridge  in  Massachusetts,  on  the  11th  of 
September,  1775,  and  arrived  at  Newburyport  (which  is  formed 
by  the  waters  of  the  Merrimac  river)  on  the  following  day. 
This  place,  at  that  time,  was  a  small  but  commercial  town, 
near  the  border  of  Massachusetts.  Here  we  remained  encamped 
five  days,  providing  ourselves  with  such  articles  of  real  neces- 
sity, as  our  small  means  Jifforded.  On  the  afternoon  of  the 
sixth  day,  we  embarked  aboard  of  ten  transports;  sailetl  in 
the  evening,  and  at  dawn  of  day  descried  the  mouth  of  the 
Kennebec  river.  The  wind  was  strong  but  fair.  The  distance 
of  this  run  was  1.50  miles.  We  ascended  the  river  to  colonel 
Coburn's  shipyard  ;  here  we  left  our  vessels,  and  obtained 
batteaux,  with  which  we  proceeded  to  Fort-western.  At  this 
place,  on  the  day  of  our  arrival,  an  arrangement  was  made  by 
the  commander  in  chief,  which  in  all  probability  sealed  the 
destiny  of  your  parent.  It  was  concluded,  to  despatch  an  officer 
and  seven  men  in  advance,  for  the  purposes  of  ascertaining  and 
marking  the  paths,  which  were  used  by  the  Indians  at  the 
numerous  carrying-places  in  the  wilderness,  towards  the  heads 
of  the  river ;  and  also,  to  ascertain  the  course  of  the  river  Chau- 
diere,  which  runs  from  the  heighth  of  land,  towards  Quebec. 

To  give  some  degree  of  certainty  of  success  to  so  hazardous 
an  enterprise,  Arnold  found  it  necessary  to  select  an  officer  of 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


G7 


activity  and  courage;  tlie  clioice  fell  upon  Archibald  Steele  of 
Smith's  company,  a  man  of  an  active,  courageous,  sprightly 
and  hardy  disposition,  who  was  complimeiued  with  the  privi- 
lege of  naming  his  companions.  These  consisted  of  Jesse 
Wheeler,  George  Merchant,  and  James  Clifton,  of  Morgan's; 
and  Robert  Cunningham,  Thomas  Jioyd,  John  Tidd,  and  John 
M'Konkey.  of  Smith's  companv.  Though  a  very  youth,  yet 
in  a  small  degree  accustomed  to  hardships,  derived  from  long 
marches  in  the  Aii;erican  woods,  Steele's  course  of  selection 
next  fell  upon  your  father,  who  was  his  messmate  and  friend. 

Two  birch-bark  canoes  were  provided  ;  and  two  guides,  cele. 
l)rated  for  the  nuinagement  of  such  water  craft,  and  who  knew 
the  river  as  high  up  as  the  Great-carrying-place  were  also 
found.  These  were  Jeremiah  Getchel,  a  very  respectable  man, 
and  John  Home,  an  Irishman  who  had  grown  grey  in  this 
cold  climate. 

This  small  party,  unconscious  of  danger,  and  animated  l)y  a 
hope  of  applause  from  their  country,  set  forward  from  Fort- 
western  in  their  light  barks,  at  the  rate  of,  from  fifteen  to  twenty 
and  in  good  water,  twenty-five  miles  per  day.  These  cano»,'s 
are  so  light,  that  a  person  of  common  strength,  may  carry  one 
of  the  smaller  kind,  such  as  ours  were,  many  hundred  yards 
without  halting.* 

Yet  they  will  bear  a  great  burthen,  and  swim  nearly  gun- 
wale deep;  an  admirable  de.scription  of  tliem  is  given  ])v 
Hearne,  in  his  Journey  to  the  Coppermine-river.  Steele's 
canoe,  bore  five  men  with  their  arms  and  baggage,  which  last 
wasindeed  light  in  quantity  and  quality,  one  barrel  of  pork,  one 
bag  of  meal,  and  300  weight  of  biscuit.  The  other  canoe  car- 
ried seven  men,  their  arms  and  baggage,  and  a  due  propor- 
tion of  provisions. 


*The  gentlemen  composing  tiiis  party,  were  unwilling  to  impose 
upon  me,  any  thing  above  my  apparent  strength,  yet  in  the  heyday 
of  youth,  I  would  clap  a  canoe  on  my  back,  and  run  a  hundred  yards 
across  a  carrying-placo.  Tliis  is  done  by  a  particular  mode  of  man- 
agement. There  is  a  broad  stave,  some  thing  like  a  flour  barrel-stave 
but  strait  and  thicker,  with  two  perforations  in  it,  an  incli  or  moie 
apart,  towards  the  middle  of  the  stave.  A  tliong  of  stout  leather  is  in- 
serted through  those  holes,  and  tightly  bound  to  the  central  c'ross-l)ar 
of  the  canoe.  The  carrier  swings  the  canoe  by  a  sudden  jerk  upon 
his  shoulders,  and  which  he  can  handle  with  ease,  throwing  the  hol- 
low side  of  the  canoe  on  his  back,  the  stave,  if  it  may  be  so  called 
resting  principally  on  the  hind  part  of  the  head,  and  the  prominences 
of  the  shoulders,  Thus  he  may,  if  a  strong  man,  pass  over  a  consid- 
erable space  of  ground  of  a  difficult  nature,  in  a  short  time  with  much 
speed. 


f 


3I 


68  HENRY'S  JOURNAL.  , 

On  the  evening  of  the  23cl  of  September,  our  party  arrived  at 
Port-Halifax,  situated  on  the  f)oint,  Jonned  by  a  junction  of 
the  Sabasticoog  and  Kennebec  rivers.  Here  our  couiniauder 
Steele,  was  accosted  by  a  captain  Harrison,  or  Huddlestone, 
inviting  him  and  the  company  to  his  liouse.  The  invitation 
was  gladly  accepted,  as  tlie  accommodation  at  the  Fort,  which 
consisted  of  old  Jilock-houses  and  a  stockade  in  a  ruinous  state, 
<litl  not  admit  of  mJicli  comfort ;  besides  it  was  inhabited,  as 
our  friend  the  caiitain  said,  by  a  ran/c  tory.  Here  for  the  lirst 
time  the  application  of  the  American  term  'Hory,'  was  defined 
to  me  by  the  captain.  Its  European  definition  was  well  known 
before.  Another  interesting  conversation,  upon  the  part  of 
the  captain,  struck  my  mind  as  a  great  curiosity  in  natural 
history,  and  well  deserving  commemoration  ;  he  observed  that 
lie  had  emigrated  to  the  place  he  then  resided  at,  about  thirty 
years  before,  most  probably  witli  his  parents,  for  he  did  not 
then  appear  to  be  much  l^eyond  forty.  That  at  that  period  the 
common-deer  which  now  iuliabits  our  more  soutliern  climate, 
was  the  only  animal,  of  the  deer  kind,  which  they  knew,  unless 
it  was  the  elks;  and  them  but  partially.  In  a  short  space  of 
time  the  moose-deer  appeared  in  small  numbers,  but  increased 
annually  afterwards,  and  ;is  the  one  species  l)ecame  more  num- 
erous, the  other  diminished  :  so  that  the  kind  of  deer  first 
spoken  of,  at  the  time  of  this  information,  according  to  the 
aptain,  was  totally  tiriven  from  that  quarter.  The  moose- 
deer  reigned  the  master  of  the  forest.  This  anecdote,  if  true, 
might  in  such  minds  as  those  of  HufFon,  or  De  Paw,  give  occa- 
sions to  systems  in  natural  history,  totally  inconsistent  witli 
the  laws  of  nature  ;  still  there  may  be  something  in  it  ;  animals 
like  human  beings,  whether  forced  by  necessity  or  from  dioice, 
do  emigrate.  Many  instances  niiglit  be  given  of  this  circum- 
stance of  the  animal  economy  in  various  parts  of  the  world. 
The  above  relation  is  the  only  instance  which  lias  come  to  my 
knowledge  wliere  one  species  iias  expelled  another  of  the 
same  genus.  If  the  fact  be  true,  it  is  either  efTe^ted  by  a 
species  of  warfare,  or  some  pe<Mdiarity  in  the  appearance  of 
the  one  kind,  and  of  horror  or  perluips  of  disgust  in  the  otlier, 
we  know  the  rock-goat  {sleiuhock  of  the  Germans  and  hoquetin 
of  the  Fpench)  formerly  inhabited  tlie  low  hills  of  southern 
France  and  of  the  Pyrenees;  tliey  have  been  driven  thence  by 
some  peculiar  cause,  f(U' tliey  are  now  confined  to  tlie  tops  of 
the  highest  mouptains  in  Europe.  It  is  true,  it  has  bt-en  fre- 
quently advanced  by  men  of  respectability  and  information  in 
Pennsylvania,  that  the  grey-fox  wliich  is  indigenous  in  the 
United  States,  and  all  North  America,  has  been  driven  from 
the   Atlantic  sea-coast  into  the  ixiterior,  by  the  introduction 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


of  tlio  red-fox  from  Europe.  liut  we  have  no  sufficient  data  to 
wurrant  tliis  assertion.  Tlie  truth  probably  is,  that  as  tlie 
grey-foK  is  a  dull  and  slow  animal,  compared  with  the  spright- 
liness,  rapidity,  and  cunninfj  of  the  red-fox,  tliat  the  first  has 
been  thinned  by  the  huntsmen,  and  {gradually  receded  from 
the  seacoast  to  the  forest,  where,  from  his  habits,  lie  is  mon* 
secure.  The  cunning  and  prowess  of  the  latter,  lias  enabled 
him  to  maintain  his  station  among  the  farms,  in  despite  of  the 
swiftness  and  powerful  scent  of  the  dogs.  But  that  which  puts 
this  assertion  out  of  view,  is  that  the  red-fox  is  indigenous 
tliroughout  North  Aiuerica.  He  and  the  grey-fox  are  found 
in  the  highest  latitudes,  but  there,  their  skins  are  changed  into 
more  beautiful  furs  than  those  of  ours,  by  the  effects  of  climate. 
Another  notion  has  been  started  within  these  20  years  past,  of 
the  fox  squirrel,  expelling  the  large  grey  squirrel:  but  it  is 
fallacious. 

Be  the.se  things  as  they  may,  we  spent  an  agreeable  and  most 
sociable  evening  with  ttiis  respectable  man,  and  liis  amiable 
family.  On  the  following  day,  our  party  rose  early,  and  ac- 
compauied  l)y  our  host,  waited  upoti  the  tory,  who  then  shewed 
himself  to  be  an  honest  man,  of  independent  principles,  and 
who  claimed  the  right  of  thinking  for  himself.  He  exchanged 
a  barrel  of  smoke-dried  salmon  for  a  barrel  of  jxirk,  upon 
honest  terms.  We  set  out  from  this  place,  well  pleased  with 
our  host,  the  old  tory,  and  our  bargain.  In  a  very  few  days, 
without  other  accident  than  the  spraining  of  Lieutenant 
Steele's  acicle,  by  his  slipping,  when  carrying  a  canoe  over  the 
path,  at  one  of  the  intermediate  portages,  we  arrived  safely  at 
Norrigewoo  falls.  Coming  to  the  landing  place,  the  water  be- 
ing smooth  and  very  deep,  a  rock,  as  we  passed  it,  drew  my  at- 
tention very  particularly,  it  was  standing  in  a  conical  form, 
five  feet  in  i)erpendicular  height,  and  ten  or  twelve  feet  in 
diameter  at  the  base.  I  observed  that  next  the  water,  the 
face  of  the  rock,  Avhich  was  a  liluish  flint,  was,  as  it  were,  scol- 
loped out,  down  to  the  very  water's  edge;.  Asking  Getchel  how 
this  had  occurred,  his  reply  was  that  the  Indians,  in  former 
times,  had  from  thenc(f  obtained  their  spear  and  arrow  points. 
It  seems  unreasonable  that  without  a  knowledges  of  iron,  they 
should  have  been  capable  of  executing  such  a  labour.  How- 
ever, upon  observation  and  reflection,  since  Getchel's  time, 
an  inducement  from  experience  and  reasoning  occurs,  which 
inlluences  me  to  believe,  that  he  might  have  been  correct  in 
his  observation.  The  rock,  no  doubt,  still  remains,  and  there 
is  leisure  for  inquiry  and  di-scussion.  We  were  hurried.  The 
village  within  one  hundred  yards  of  the  pitch  of  the  fall,  was 
evi<lently  a  deserted  Indian  town.     We  saw  no  one  there;  It 


v 

m 

n  - 

I    ■  ; 

,  ■  Ml 


70 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


1 

i 

I    5 

''■':  i!    : 

was  without  the  vestige  of  inhabitants.  Drc^sising  our  victuals 
here  at  mid -day,  an  occurrence  liappened,  wliich  disgusted  me 
in  an  extreme  degree  On  tliis  day,  an  estimate  of  our  food 
was  made,  and  an  allotment  in  quantity  to  each  man,  though 
no  actual  seiiaration  of  shares  took  place,  as  t/tnt,  it  was 
agreed,  should  happen  at  the  twelve-mile  carrying  place. 
Ky  theestimate  now  made,  it  seemed  that  there  was  something 
of  a  surplus.  As  we  had  had  hard  work,  that  and  some  pre- 
ceding days,  and  harder  fare,  our  good  commander  was  in- 
clined to  indulge  us.  The  surplus  was  allotted  for  this  days 
fare.  It  happened  that  M'Konkey  was,  by-ronvine,  the  cook. 
He  boiled  the  meat,  (vegetable  food  of  any  kind  was  not  at- 
tainable, )  and  when  sauntering  towards  the  fall,  he  called  us  to 
dinner.  We  came  eagerly.  He  was  seated  on  the  earth,  near 
the  wooden  bowl.  The  company  reclined  around  in  a  like  pos- 
ture, intending  to  partake;  when  M'Konkey  raising  his  vile 
and  dirty  hands,  struck  tlie  meat,  exclaiming,  "By  G — d  this 
was  onr  last  comfortable  meal."  The  indelicacy  of  the  act,  its 
impiety,  and  the  grossness  of  th(>  expression,  deprived  the 
company  of  appet'ie.  On  several  subsequent  occasions  M'Kon- 
key  showed  himself  as  mean  in  spirit,  as  lie  was  devoid  of  de- 
cency. We  soon  rid  ourselves  of  him.  Rfanj'  years  afterwvrds, 
at  Twincaster,  in  Pennsylvania,  he  applied  and  received  a  loan 
by  way  of  charity  from  me,  which  he  meanly  solicited  with  the 
most  abject  sycophancv.  So  trm^  it  is,  in  general,  that  those 
who  disregard  the  social  decencies  of  life,  are  ecpially  incapable 
of  those  virtues  which  make  man  resi)ectable  in  society. 

On  ihc  afternoon  of  this  day,  we  crossed  to  the  west  side  of 
the  river  below  the  fall:  searched  for,  and  with  difOculty 
found  the  carrying  place.  Having  marked  it  with  precision, 
we  rested  av,-hile.  On  the  west  side  of  the  river,  not  very  dis- 
tant from  ns,  there  was  a  «^(>nsiderable  extent  of  natural 
meadow.*     One  of  our  part.s  exploring  ihe  country  for  i]eer, 


*Tn  tnivoisinj?  this  mciidfiw,  whhih  was  a  bejiutiful  plain,  one  of 
llu*  jmrty,  found  tlio  lionis  of  a'mooso-deer,  which  from  uppoarancoa 
!uid  boon  shed  in  tlio  foregoing  sununer,  or  perhai«  in  the  beginning 
olautuniii  :  being  then  about  five  foot  ten  inchoMbiiili.  Ootchell  laco- 
liousl y,  yot  gravely,  insisted  by  way  of  niciisuromont,  that  I  slumld 
stand  under  the  inn\n  fork.  The  crown  of  my  head,  rubbed  against 
the  or()W!i-worlc  of  the  horns.  This  (o  all  of  ns,  was  matter  of  groat 
surprise.  How{»ver,  in  ii  short  time  afterwards  the  cirounistanoe  of 
size,  was  thought  little  of,  when  wo  oaino  into  contact  with  the  living 
animal,  >ipon  whost^  head  such  horns  grow.  There  is  a  paiicity  of 
words  for  a  description  upon  paper,  of  the  onornious  dimensions 
of  the  male  moose  which  wo  saw,  and  of  thoir  horns.  The  male-deor 
bears  horns ;  the  i'oinak  boars  noiio.     Those  horns,  which  wo  examinod 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


71 


met  with  tv.o  white  men  who  had  come  from  a  distance,  mow- 
ing tha  wild  grass  of  the  meadow.  A  n  agreeable  barter  ensued— 
we  gave  salted  pork,  and  they  returned  two  fresh  beaver  tails, 
which,  when  l)oiled,  renewed  ideas,  imbibed  with  the  Mny- 
bntter  of  our  own  country.  Taste,  however,  is  arbitrary, 
and  often  the  child  of  necessity.  Two  years  before  this,  acornf^ 
had  supplied  me  with  a  precarious  sustenance,  on  a  journey 
from  Sandusky  to  Pittsburg,  it  momentarily  sustained  life  and 


minutely,  were  ol'  a  large  size,  Ijut  not  so  largo  as  some  wo  saw  on 
tlio  livhig  doer.     About  midway  of  the  horn,  from  tho  crown  of  tlio 
hciul,  there  is  a  broad  flat  part  of  tho  horn,  called  tho  blade,  which  in 
tho  Hpecimen  under  examination,  was  full  two  of  my  spans,  or  nearly 
twenty  inches  from  whence  branched  the  i)rou(l  antlers  or  i>rong. 
There  is  no  boast  of  the  forest  more  handsomely  decorated,  unless  it 
lie  tho  roin-decr  of  tho  north  of  Europe  and  Asia.     In  tho  evenings,  in 
tho  lirst ascension  of  the  Kennebot;  and  Dead-rivers,  sittingaround  our 
solitary  stnoko  tiros,  wo  liavo  often  seen  those  stately  deer,  [)assing 
tho  river  in  droves,  sometimes  of  fifteen  or  twenty  in  number,  tliooiio 
walking  after  tho  other  in  tho  actnistomod  path,  but  duo  care  and  di.s- 
(•ijilino  kept  our  arms  (juiet.     Tho  country  around  Natanis  liouso,  i 
circle  often  or  liftoon  miles,  was  at  that  time,  an  admirable  <'huiUing 
ground."    Ono  day,  suddenly  passing  a  sharji  point  of  the  river,  abou* 
five  miles    bolow  Natanis  cabbin.  wo   as    Hiiddonly   foil    back.      Wo 
wanted   fresh   food.     Roganiloss  of  what  might  follow,  Steele   per- 
mitted us  to  lire.     We  had  seen  five  or  six  of  those   monstrouH  door 
standing  in  tho  watc^r  kneo-doep,  fooding  on   their   favorite   food,  tho 
rod  willow.     Boyd,  Wheeler  and  niysolf  passed  tho  river,  out  of  sight 
of  tho  moos(\,  in  tho  most  cautionary  niaiuior.     The  stream    lioro  was 
iK/t  more  than  sixty  yards  wide.     Wo  approached  them  through  ti.o 
thick  uiulorwood,  v  iiicfi  clothed  the  bank.      Royd   pre(;o(led.      Tlie 
rustling  of  the  leaves  alarmed  the;  doer.     They  threw  up  their  heads. 
What  a  sight!  Tho  antlers  of  seviu-al  of  them,  s(M'mod  to  ox('(H)d   in 
si/0,  those  wo  had  already  seen.     Hoyd  appreiienslvo  they  were  about 
to  run  from  us,  firod  without  giving  Wlioelor  and   myself,  an  oppor- 
tunity  totakoastanti,  but  tho  greatest  misfortune  was,  thattho  worthy 
Boyd,  had  neglected  to  clean  his  gim  that  day,  it  made  long  (ire,  and 
but  a  trii'.'ng  report.     Tho  l)ulh't  scarcely  reached  tho  door.     Wheeler 
and  uiysoli'  wore  croeping  to  our  places,  wli;>n  P.oyd's  gun  disturlx"! 
the  animals.     Tho  gunsin  our  hands,  were  im-trcctually  discjiargcd. 
This  jejune  occiirronco,  is  related  m(>r(>ly,  for  tlio  introduction  of  a 
single  ()i)servation.     When  the  bull  moose,  at  tlio  rustlingof  thf>l(Mives, 
and  afterwards  when   Moyd  lired,  threw  up  their   heads— the   tips  of 
their  horns,  seemed  to  mo  to  stand  eighteen  foot  In  tlio  air.     'I'iie  ridge 
of  tho  shoulder,  seemed  soventeon  liands  high.     'IMie  largest  of  these 
auuimlH  wiiH  nfu/iiiif  nafiiro'.     Tho  inoo.so  in   ordinary,  is  of  an   asii- 
(•olored  grey,     ^ho  one  T  speak  of,  was  ll(<cked,  in  large  spois  of  rod. 
on    a   purowliiio  groiuid.     His  skin,  if  we   could    have   obtained  it, 
would  have  been  u  vuluublo  curiosity. 


'   i-. 


73  HKNRY'S  JOURNAL. 

Ixxlily  labour,  but  the  coiiwoqiUMico  wuh  ill  lioaUh.  Your  ro- 
tilH'ctablt*  kiiismau,  GeutMal  (ribson,  rccMMVt'd  um  intoliis  liouse 
at  Lo^fftown  t)u  Ihu  Ohio,  and  ri'Momd  luo  .sound  to  my  par- 
ents. Thest'  minute  matters  aro  noted  Ikm'h,  from  an  expec- 
tation, tliat  knowing  the  privations  men  may  sudcir  in  respect 
to  fooil,  you  will  eacli  of  you  reiiunnbtM'  to  receive  tlie  dispen- 
sations of  l*rovi«U>nce,  of  every  icinil,  if  not  with  thankfulness, 
at  least  with  submission. 

We  passed  t  hei  portatfe  of  Norridjjewoc  falls.  Thence  for  sev- 
eral <lavs,  th»<  navigation  for  such  ca,noes  as  ours,  was  tohu'a- 
ble,  a,nd  in  the  most  part  convenient.  We  a.H(>ended  tin*  river 
rapidly,  blu/.ing  every  carrying-place.  Having  now  secedcid 
many  miles  from  the  last  whirt*  inhabitants  at  Norridg<nvoc, 
it  becami*  us  tln'refore  to  jiroceed  cautiously.  .A  circumspec- 
tion was  adopted,  which  thoTigh  iwudent  in  tin*  predicament 
we  were  in,  appeared  to  l>e  rather  harsh  to  the  feelings;  the 
firing  of  a  gun  was  inhibited;  Ihoiigh  the  weather  was  cfhill- 
ing,  w<!  dared  S(rarcely  make  a  smoke  at  night.  Angling  for 
trout  and  chu!>  in  the  m(»rniug  autl  evening,  nuide  up  our 
Btock  of  fresh  food.  We  frt^iiuently  saw  ducks,  &c.  and  numy 
moose-de»M',  yet  we  discharged  udI  a,  gun;  iu  truth  we  had 
been  ma,de  to  b(^lieve,  that  this  country  had  numerous  In- 
dians in  it. 

The  party  proceeded  without  molesta.tion,  but  from  natural 
rock,  and  a  strict  current  (by  the  27th  of  September,)  to  (he 
twi'lve-mili'  carrying-place.  Here  a  ni>w  scene  opened.  Our 
guides  professe<l  that  neither  of  theuj  had  ever  be«Mi  n  )r(h  of 
this  place  across  the  cari'ying-i)la.ce,  Init  (fetchel  alleged  ho 
ha,d  hunted  to  11u>  east  of  \\\o  river. 

Now  we  assunu'd  the  tille  of  lieing  our  own  gui<les,  ^ivin^j^ 
to  (ftdohel  due  rt>sp 'ct  ami  attiuitiou  lor  his  iuforuuition  rela- 
t\vo.  to  th«>  roult'  norih.  1I(>  informed  me  (hat  the  course  of 
tlu>  river  which  is  injudiciously  c/i,lled  (he  "  Dead  river"  tended 
(to  or  100  miles  northerly,  took  a,  short  turn  soii(  h wardlv.  and 
was  then  wiihiu  \'i  miles  of  us.  'IMia(  (bal  |)ar(  was  full  of 
rapids,  and  impassable  to  boats,  or  even  eanor's.  We  seari'hed 
lor  the  carrviug-place,  an<l  found  a.  pa,t  h  (olerably  dis(  inc( , 
which  we  nuide  more  so  by  bia/.ing  (he  trees  and  siuiggingthe 
bushes  with  our  (ouniha,wks;  proceeding  until  evening,  the 
l)art  y  enc.imped  a(  the  margin  of  a  small  lake,  perhaps  about 
half  a  mile  widi-,  where  t  ere  was  plenty  of  (rout,  which  old 
riiftoti,  who  was  good  at  angling,  ca,ugh(  iu  abundance.  ll(»re, 
in  a  I'oufereuce  on  the  sul>ject,it  was  resolved  that  two  per- 
Hons  of  (  he  par(  y  should  remain,  (with  about  one  half  of  the 
provisions.)  until  (lu'  return  of  our  main  l>ody,  (vihuilat  ing  (  he 
return  wonlil    l»e    iu    eight  or  ten  days.      1 1  had  been  obsorved 


-'/! 


t: 


-4(1    ■ 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUKniOC. 


?:} 


tiiJit  Clifton,  h«MM.'- tlm  oldest  of  the  JMHnpiuiy.  yet  bravn  jiiid 
jm'ood  shot,  from  tin;  fiitiKii.^s  w  ■  had  cMdiirtMl,  had  Ix-gmi  to 
Ihiff  With  th«  iiHsent  of  our  chief,  the  yoiingfi- part  of  us  pro- 
posed tohinnorenuiiMwlu'i-t*  we  t  lu'U  \v.'r(',\vilh  tho  l)»>ttnr  part 
of  tht!  provisions.  Aflcr  cousithM  iil)ltuiilt!r(^a,t  loii  ho  assi'iili'd.ou 
coudiliou  of  his  lia,\  iiij;  a  c.uiuiianion.  '1'Im'  youngest  of  the 
party,  nouiinalcd  M  koukey,  wIkj  could  not  rcHtruin  liis  joy 
at  tho  proposal.  It  wasadsiscd  for  ihcm  to  ict  ircHo  the  soni  h 
end  of  (he  pond,  perhai>s  a,  nii!«s  and  there,  as  in  a  i>erf<'(;t  re 
cess,,  n'uiain  (H)uc.(ale(i  ;  Unowin^i  M'Konk«!y,  the  conseqin-nceH 
were  foreseen.  After  thi'  a<'coiiiplishnienl  of  this  affair,  liiMi- 
tenant  tSl«u'le  jiarted  tin*  [jrovision  appro]  )riated  for  I  lie  march- 
ers not  by  pounds  or  ounces,  my  dear  children  hut  by  ■'whoso 
shall  l)e  this."'  Some  of  you  have  been  taut,dit  how  this  isdouH, 
if,  you  shoidd  ha,V(!  forj^otten,  it  will  lie  well  now  to  tell  you 
of  it.  The  principal  of  the  partN,  if  he  is  a  .^jentleman  and 
imin  of  honor,  divides  the  whole  portion  e<piaily  intoasnmny 
parts  as  ther»«  are  iiirii  incfudinj^  himself;  this  is  don.'  'iiider 
the  (tyes  of  all  concerned,  antl  with  t  iieir  .ipprobal  ion,  theolli- 
CMV  then  directs  some  one  of  t  he  coiupany  to  t  urn  his  back  upon 
Mm,  ai.d  layin^^  his  hand  on  a  part  icruiar  jtort  ioji,  asks  "  wliose 
Hluil: 'm  this?"  Till"  answer  is  liap-hazard,  A.  S.  i:c.  or  ajiy  otlier 
of  tho  party.  It  has  freciiUintly  occurred,  that  W(*  W(Me  com- 
pelled to  divide  t  he  ne(res,sari(*s  of  lilV;  in  t  his  way,  and  it  could 
not  be  fairly  said,  tluit  any  fraud  or  circumvent  ion  took  place. 

Hepteml»er  !.'8th,  w<'  left  (Miflon  and  Ids  c(Mupa,nion  in  a,  most 
dreary  wild,  but  with  emiugh  to  support  them;  and  if  they 
would  a(d  honora,bly,  to  .issist  us.  A  lauj^hable  occurrence 
ensuod.  Herfj:eant  Jioyd  and  myself  lui(l,1liat  d.iy,  I  Im  chaiLce  of 
unloadin^jand  loadinj^  thecanoes,  which,  ascuslomarily,  beiuK 
very  li^^ht  and  easily  i>lown  o(V  shore*  by  a.  pu(F  of  wind,  were 
drawn  half  their  Ifiif^lhs  on  the  lieach  ;  Wii  ran  a  ?'ac((who 
should  perform  his  duty  soonest  he  arrived  lirsl.  'I'akinj^up 
his  canoe  suddenly,  but  hopitif^  to  ha\H  a  lietler  stand  than 
tl»e  shore  ])r(>senle<l,  he  set  his  tool  on  a  lar^^e  lied  of  moss 
seemin!.jly  llrm,  and  sunk  (t-n  fei-)  into  as  cold  water,  while 
lltiid,  as  was  ever  touched.  We  soon  passed  the  pond,  found 
th<*  |)a.th,  marked  il,  and  came,  at  the  ciiil  <>f  si'veral  miles,  to 
a  stH'.ond  pond,  if  my  recollect  ion  s<  r\  es,  larj,'er  1  han  t  In-  former  : 
Iruvorsin^j  lliis,  we  encamped  more  caul  iou^ly  I  han  ever,  (in 
the  next  day,  i)ursuiug  tint  pat  h,  and  markiiu,Mt .  a,  t  hinl  pond 
of  smail  diauu't  er  was  presented  to  our  view.  I'assint^  t  his.  by 
t  he  evfuinj,'  we  eie-amped  on  I  he  nor!  h-bank  of  (  he  h<  iid-rinr. 

This  river,  which  IS  nothiiit;  mori' than  an  eviension  of  the 
Ketuiebec,  is  called  b\  this  remarkalde  name,  iiccaiise  a  cur- 
rent, a  few  miles  below  the  place  we  wiire  now  at ,  and  for  many 


i: 


|Hiij|i 


m 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


miles  above  it,  is  imporceptiWli^  It  is  deep  luul  perliaps  two 
hundred  and  lifty  yards  wide.  Tlie  ground  we  footetl  witliin 
the  last  three  days,  is  a  very  rugged  istlinius,  which  forms  the 
great  bend  of  the  Ivennel)ee.  (Joining  from  tlie  higli  ground 
towards  the  Dead-river,  we  passed  a  bog  wliich  ai)i)eared,  be- 
fore we  entennl  it,  as  a  beautiful  plat  of  firm  ground,  level  as 
a  bowling  green,  and  covered  by  an  elegant  green  moss  That 
day,  to  save  my  shoes  for  sev  rer  service,  mockasins  had  l)een 
l)Ut  in  their  place.  Ever  step  we  made,  sunk  us  knee-deep  in 
a  bed  of  wet  turf,  My  feet  were  pained  and  lacerated  by  the 
snags  of  the  (h*ad  pines,  a  foot  and  more  below  the  surface  of 
the  moss;  these  and  nniny  other  occurrences,  which  luippened 
afterwards,  convinceil  me  more  than  reading  could,  of  the 
manner  of  the  foruuition  of  turf.  Sometimes,  to  lighten  the 
canoes  when  ascending  strict  water,  several  of  us  Avould  dis- 
embark, and  procetid  along  shore,  and  on  many  occasions, 
ti'averse  a  point  of  land  to  savtf  distance.  Doing  this,  we 
often  met  wilh  what  we  thought  a  Hat  ground  covered  by 
moss.  Entering  the  parterre,  as  it  might  be  called,  and  runn- 
ing along  thai   wliich  we  found  to  be  a  log  covered  with   moss, 

would  (^ause  a  foot  to  slip — down  we 


log, 


woiUd    come,  waist  deep  in  a  l)ed  of  wet  moss;  such  incidents 
always  created  a  laugh.     A  si)ark,  if  these   beds  of  moss   had 


l)e(>n  drv,  as  Ihev  wei-e  wet,  wt)uld  have 


mad 


o.  a  dreadful  con- 


flagration :  1  he  ui)per  country  se(Mii<'d  throughout  as  if  covered 
with  it.  To  the  south  and  west  of  the*  bog  first  mentioned, 
there  was  a  natural  nuNidow  of  great  ext«uit.  On  tiu\  west 
it  reacdied,  S(^(Muingly,  to  Ihe  foot  of  the  mountains  several 
miles olT.  A  beautiful  creek  serpentined  through  it  and  formed 
a  conveiucMit  harbor  and  landing  i)lace,  opposite  to  our  camp, 
and  directly  to  whicdi  ihe  Inilian  path  le>!  is. 

The  timber  trees  of  this,  are  in  a  great  measure  dilTerent 
from  those  of  our  count  ry  Ih'reare  neither  oaks,  hickories, 
poplars,  maples  or  locust  ;  but  (here  is  a.  great  varic^ty  of  other 
iviuds  of  excellent,  timber,  such  as  the  white  and  yellow  pines, 
h(>ndock,  cedar,  cypress,  and  all  the  species  of  the  firs.  Thesti 
trees,  in  the  low  grounds,  grow  to  a  very  large  size,  on  the  hills, 
as  we  approacii  northwardly,  they  seem  to  dwindle,  jMirticu- 
larly  as  W(»  come  tot  !\('  "  height  it  of  land  ;"  l)ut  again  ris(!  to  a 
superb  height,  as  we  descend  into  the  intervale,  onthestreamH 
running  into  Canada.  Among  the  trees  of  this  country, 
ther(*ar(>  twowhi<'h  d(werv»'  particular  notice,  because  of  thtMr 
remarlvable  (pialilies.  Thes»i  a,re  the  balsaiiis  llr,  (( 'nnada, 
balsam,  Halm  of  (iilead  lir,  »)r  hahsamum  (Mnndetisc  pinns 
hnlsDDiftt:  which  pi-oduces  tlx*  purest  t  iirpenl  hii-, )  antl  Ihe  yel- 
low l)irch.     The  lirst,  ns  its  \idgai-  name  iiiii»or(s,  yields  a  bal- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QTJE1?E0. 


75 


samic  liquid,  wliicli  lias  boon,  aad  perhaps  now  is,  much  os- 
teeincd  l»ythe  inedicjil  profession.  The  bark  issinootli,  except 
that  lliert!  are  a  vas,  niiiuber  of  white  and  lucid  protuberance! 
upon  it,  of  the  size  of  a  linger  ur  thumb  nail,  buJj^intJ  from  tlie 
surface  of  ihtt  l)arlv.  This  tree  ;^rows  to  the  size  of  from  15  to 
ao  inches  in  diameter.  From  tiiee.ssays  made,  itseeuiedto  me 
that  a  vial  containint,'  a  {,'ili,  miglit  be  iiiled  in  the  si)ace  of 
an  hour,  (retchei,  our  t^iiide,  tauglit  me  its  use.  In  the  morn- 
ing when  we  rose  placing  the  edg(M)f  a  broad  knife  at  the  under 
sidt!  of  the  blister,  and  my  lii)S  at  the  oi)i)osite  part,  on  the 
back  of  the  knife,  which  was  declined,  the  licpior  liowed  into 
my  mouth  freely.  It  was  heating  and  cordial  to  the  stoimich, 
attended  by  an  a,gre"abi(!  pnngtMicy.  This  prac;! ice,  which  we 
ailopted,  in  all  likelihood,  contributed  to  the  preservation  of 
health.  For  though  much  wet  weather  ensued,  and  W(!  lay 
often  on  low  and  damp  ground,  and  had  very  nm.ny  successions 
of  cold  atmosphen',  ir  does  not  now  occur  to  me,  that  anyon(M)f 
us  was  assailed  by  sickness,  during  this  arduous  excursion. 
The  yellow  birch  is  useful  in  uuiny  particular  instances  to  the 
mitives.  Th(\v  form  the  body  of  the  1  rtie  into  setting-poh^s, 
paddles,  spoonsandhidles.  The  bark,  its  better  prop(>rty,  serves 
as  n  covering  for  the  frame  of  the  canoe,  miudi  in  the  same 
maimer  as  the  Esqiiiimiux  and  Greeidanders  apply  the  seal 
Hkin.  To  you  it  may  appear  to  bt>  a  s(ra,nge  assertion,  but  to 
me  it  seems  true,  that  the  birch-barii  canoe  is  the  most  ingtuu- 
ous  pie(!e  of  mechaiusm,  mnn  in  a  rude  state  is  cajKible  of  pt;r- 
fornung.  This  bold  idea  recniiresa  disclosure  of  tln^  means  and 
the  manner  of  the  work,  whi(di  shall  ^n>  iioMC:  befon>  1  leave 
the  subject  *     From  the  bark  of  yellow-bindi,  the  Indi.„n  also 

*The  hlr(^h-bark-(!iuioo,  as  intimated  before  in  the  Imdyof  tiu)  work, 
js  not  oniya  curious,  but  a  luost  inpetii.ius  nuu^hine.  So  fur  us  my 
<l(!H(!ripti\o  powers  extend,  you  sl;iill  h:\\o  its  construction,  described 
in  writing,  l)utwitlioul  Ibe  aid  of  the  peiu-il,  il  seems  to  be  uhnost 
impossible  to  convey  to  j'ou  n  Just  and  accurate  com  prehension,  of  t  lie 
distinct  parts  of  this  boiiutil'u!  pici-e  of  water-craft.  Having  bud  s(>v- 
<'ral  oiij>()rtiu\ilics  to  (vhserve  the  maiuufr  of  tin'  formalion  of  llu!  l)ir('li 
liark  canoe,  in  its  \  arious  stages,  a  (lest-ription  of  its  sections  may  not 
be  (iisagreeai)le  to  you.  In  the  roust  met  ion  of  tiui  canoe,  tli<!  i'ow  and 
Hiern  i)ieces  are  separate  IVatiies,  alike  in  dimensions,  and  made  of 
cedar,  cypros.s,  or  any  other  hglit  wood;  yet  vory  llglit,  and  so  well  or 
tiglitly  liomiil  |iy  tenons,  as  to  rt'iuire  u  considerable  elTort  to  brealv 
them.  Tiu'se  bow  a'lii  -!<  rn  pieces,  suppose  a  eaiioe  ••(  ten,  or  <  \ en 
lll'ty  feet,  are  •  omiected  l>.r  latitM,  with  that  wlucli  I  have  lUiUeil  gun- 
wales, (guiuiels,  )  <'orre»|i»««ide!it  In  si/e  with  the  intended  JJMiglh  of 
tiie  canoe.  Thes(>  giiti  w«l»w  ari' inado  from  the  lou>:b<*Ht  and  best  of 
tlio  thnlx>r  that  the  ><■>  otry  pnxhiccs.  The  jiun-wnles  nie  s'lrontly 
secured  to  the  head  and  Htern  by  lenonsand  itiueedur  rootlu  a  iuoHtii«<«t 


ir  ' 


M  ?! 


m 


:          1 

\          'i 

1          i 

fi 

m 

1     j 

i 

' 

Bmm  \ 

i 

ML 

70  HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 

forms  bowls,  and  baskets  of  a  most  l)eantiful  construction,  and 
it  even  serves  as  a  v/rai)pi'r  for  any  nice  matter  which  it  is 
wished  to  keep  securely,  much  in  ihe  manner  wo  use  brown 
wrapping  paper.  The  appearance  of  the  yellow-bircli  tree  at 
a  distance,  is  conspicuous.  Approaching  near  it,  in  the 
auTumn.  it  seems  involved  in  rolls,  something  resembling 
large  circular  rounds  of  parchment,  or  yellow  puper.  There 
is  in  my  min«l  no  question,  but  that  among  a  numerous  and 
industrious  peoi)le,  such  as  the  Chinese,  this  indigenous  pro- 

aiul  strong  manner.  Tlio  ribs  oftho  canoe,  accordingtoits  size,  are  from 
two  to  five  inches  in  diameter,  of  the  straightest  cedar,  or  fir,  witliout 
knots,  closely  fitted  together,  side  by  side,  and  well  seweti  by  means 
of  an  awl  to  tlie  gun-wales.  This  frame  is  covered  witli  the  j'ellow- 
birch-rind,  an  eighth,  a  sixtli,  or  a  fourth  of  an  inch  thick.  This  l)ark, 
when  applied  to  canoes,  is  from  two  to  four  feet  in  length;  commen- 
surate with  the  extension  oftho  bow  and  stern  from  eacii  other.  Each 
part  of  this  bark,  where  the  soanis  meet,  is  nicely  sewed  together 
by  the  split  cedar  root,  these  seams  are  then  pitcliod  over  in  a  ridge, 
by  a  hard  pitch,  in  the  width  of  perhaps  an  inch  or  more,  so  as  to 
make  the  vessel,  truly  tliat  which  seaman  call  water-tight.  Hut  to 
this  clumsy  attempt  to  describe  to  you  a  boat,  which  you  have  never 
seen,  and  perhaps  never  will  see,  it  seems  requisite  to  add  anotJier 
observation.  The  bark  wiiicli  encircles  the  l)ottom  of  the  canoe,  is 
strongly  attached  to  tlio  gim-wales  by  cedar  root,  nnich  in  the  same 
manner  as  I  have  seen  j'ou  tiireadiiig  wire,  for  the  making  of  artifi- 
cial flowers.  This  bark,  tlius  prepared  and  applied,  speaking  com. 
paratively,  (great  with  small,)  is  a  niuctj  strong«>r  material,  than  your 
thread,  either  of  fiax  or  silk.  The  gunwale  was  as  neatly  laced  by  tl>e 
cedar,  and  almost  as  ornamental,  and  e<|ually  f-trong  in  texture,  as 
the  canes  we  sometimes  see  froiu  India,  covered  with  splits  of  ratteen, 
or  some  other  pliant  plant,  olsouthern  growth.  The  paddles  are  uid- 
forndy  made  of  asii,  where  it  can  be  obtained,  but  most  usually  o( 
birch,  or  even  of  nofter  wood,  in  this  part  of  Canada.  Many  of  the 
paddles  whi<'li  I  saw,  were  doublo-bladod.  that  is  a  blade  at  (^ach  end 
of  the  handle  or  pole,  and  in  the  hands  of  a  strong  perscui  vould  be 
from  its  fonnatioti,  apparently  as  light  asa  leather.  The  pushing-jiolo 
was  of  the  same  kind  of  materials,  l)iit  light,  and  if  iron  could  ho  had, 
was  shod  at  the  hut-end.  The  rapid  and  rocky  rivers  which  those 
poor  jieople  the  I)i<iians,  must  asc»uid  and  descend  in  their  hunting 
excursions,  and  w  Inch  Ihey  do  with  inconceivable  dexterity,  requires 
a  quickness  of  motion  of  the  body,  particularly  the  anuH,  which  is 
truly  astonishing.  The  i)ad<lic,  at  this  moment  used  on  the  right,  and 
then  instantly  cast  on  the  left  liand  of  tlu;  lanoo,  lecjuires  a  celerity  of 
action  w  hich  none  but  such  as  are  used  to  those  exercises  «lare  under- 
take. Tn  those  instances  the  d(iultle-l>laded  puddle,  naves  half  the 
time  which  woidd  be  etnploytd  li,\  the  Kinglc  hladed.  in  these  anluous 
but  necessary  labours.  Acthity  and  iigility,  from  the  circmmstances, 
oftho  precariou.sne8s  of  an  Indian  lilc,  and  their  manner  of  subsisting 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUERKC. 


duct  would  beoome  an  article  of  general  use  in  various  waj'S. 
Tlie  hark,  when  taken  from  the  tree,  may  be  obtained  length- 
wise of  the  tree,  from  one  to  four  feet  in  breadth,  and  of  a 
length  equal  to  the  circumference.  It  is  sometimes  white  with 
a  yellowislj  cast,  but  more  usually  of  a  [)ale,  and  sometimes  of 
a  deej)  gold  colour.  Ii  is  partible,  when  ever  so  thick,  into  the 
most  iilmy  sheets.  The  Indians,  for  canoes,  use  it  of  the  thick- 
ness of  from  a  fourth,  down  to  the  eighth  of  an  inch,  accord- 
ing to  tiie  size  of  the  vessel.  Curiosity  and  conveniencH*,  made 
us  reduce  it  oft(Mi  to  a  liljny,  by  no  means  thicker  or  more 
substantial,  than  the  silky  paper  we  obtain  from  India.  It 
serves  equally  well  for  the  pencil  as  papiM-.  Ink  however,  (lows 
upon  it. — In  the  course  of  time  a  medium  may  be  discovered 
to  preclude  this  inconvenience— this  bark  will  iH'eserve  l>ecter 
than  paper. 

Tin;  company,  not  apprehending  the  reverses  which  fortune 
had  in  store  for  them,  left  the  encaiupment  (September  SOth) 
full  of  courage  and  iiope,  though  n.  strong  drift  of  snow,  which 
whitened  iiU  the  surrounding  hills,  had  fallen  during  the  night. 
Jlavinj^  smooth  water,  we  paddled  awny  m»u'rily,  probably  for 
thirty  miles.  Getchel,  besides  his  sheer  wisdom,  possessed  a 
largci  ftind  of  knowledge,  concerrnng  the  country,  which  ho 
hail  <lerived  from  the  aborigines,  and  much  iuimorous  anec- 
dote, with  which,  in  spite  of  our  privations,  he  made  us  laugh. 
It  was  omitted  to  be  mentioned,  that  before  we  left  our  last 
(MicampTuent,  it  bpcanie  a  resolution  of  the  whole  party,  that 
the  pork  in  the  possession  of  each  one,  should  be  eaten  raw, 
and  to  eat  but  in  the  morning  and  evening.  As  we  could  not 
obtain    food,  in  this   miserable  portion  of   the  globe,  even  tor 


become  in  their  education  a  primary  parental  motive  ;  witliout  those 
qualities,  an  Indian  can  never  a('(|uire  fame,  and  is  often  starved. 

It  often  re-o.\hiliratos  my  mind,  when  rcilocting  on  tlu>  wayward- 
ness and  uidiappiness  of  my  life,  to  remember  the  occurrences,  (July 
177:'),)  in  a  part  of  a  days  j.  .rney  from  the  windlass  of  the  old  carry- 
ing place,  on  (he  soutli  side  of  tlie  river,  west  of  Niagara,  by  a  j>ath 
which  led  us  to  a  celelirated  fountain,  a  little  below  the  brow  of  the 
hill,  fall(>d  Mount  Pleasant,  and  thence  to  the  fidis.  My  vouthfi;! 
iniaginaiion  was  greatly  cxciutd.  The  company  (!O!isist0ii  ofa  l<"rencii 
gentleman,  uiy  uncle  John  Ilonry,  and  myself.  The  Frenchman  was 
a  trader  who  liad  Imt  Just  arrived  from  the  Illinois  coiudry,  a!ul  had 
dealt  beyond  the  Mississippi.  AN'lien  we  came  toSlednian'sJiiscanoo, 
attended  l)y  three  or  four  couriers  de  /loi.s,  lay  on  tlie  beach  turiuul 
upside*  down,  with  an  imruen^Hc  nuMib(>r  of  packs  of  beaver,  press- 
packed,  strewed  around,  i)erliaps  iUc  whole  miglit  have  becMi  .'?()00  11). 
wt  Tlie  canoe  was  of  birch,  llfty  feet  in  length,  most  bcuiutifidly 
made,  its  i)readtii  was  i>rol>ai)ly  from  six  to  seven  feet  in  the  middle, 
I  oxuunned  witli  a  curiosity,  such  as  a  boy  of  my  age  ndght  possess. 


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HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


inonoy,  if  Wti  bad  it,  und  liaviii}^  nothing  clso  than  our  anus 
and  our  courago  to  «lei>eud  on  :  uuac()iiaint('d  witli  tlic;  true 
distaniu)  of  our  tixpoditiou,  for  we  had  neither  map  nor  chart, 
yet,  resolveil  to  acicompUsh  our  ortiers  at  tlie  ha/.ard  of  our 
lives-  we  prudently  Ijegan  to  hoard  our  provision  ;  liaif  a  bis- 
cuit and  lialf  an  ineli  square  of  raw  pork,  became  this  evening's 
meal.  Tiie  <lays  journey  brought  us  to  the  foot  of  a  rapid, 
which  convinced  us  that  the  term  "Dead-river,"  was  much 
misapplied.  The  night  was  spent,  not  upon  feathers,  but  tlie 
branches  of  th(»  fir  or  the  spruce.  It  woidd  astonish  you,  tny 
dear  children,  if  there  was  leisure  to  explain  to  you  the  many 
comforts  and  advantages,  those  trees  alTord  to  the  way-worn 
traveller.     Sullicii  it  now  to  say  we  rested  well. 

October  1st.  The  morning  brought  on  new  labors.  Our 
Kecondary  guide  and  myself,  thinking  that  W(^  could  manage 
the  water,  sliiiped  into  our  canoe. — (retchel  and  another 
worked  Steele's,  while  our  companions,  crossing  the  hill,  nuirked 
the  carrying-place.  From  our  camp  two-thirds  at  least  of  these 
ra{)ids,  were  concealtMl  from  our  view.  In  much  danger,  and 
by  great  exertifui,  Ave  surmounted  them,  in  le.ss  than  an  hour. 
Taking  in  ou  r  company,  we  had  gf)od  water  till  the  evening,  when 
we  were  impeded  by  a  precipitate  fall  of  four  feet.  We  en- 
camped. ()cto'>er  "id.  Carrying  here,  Ave  had  good  water  all 
the  next  day:  Mere  fa,tigue  and  great  lassitude  of  body,  most 
likely,  in  ii  good  measure,  owing  to  theAvant  of  food,  caused  us 
TO  sleep  well.  From  cautionary  niotives  our  guns,  though  not 
uncared  for,  Avere  considered  as  tiseless,  in  the  Avay  of  obtain- 
ing fcjod.  Several  of  our  company  angled  successfully  for 
trout,  and  a  deliciou.-i  chub,  wliich  avo  call  a  fall-flsh.  This 
place  became  remarkable  to  me,  as  sometime  afterwards,  my 
friends  general  Simpson,  Robt^rt  Dixon,  a,nd  myself,  Avere  here 
at  the  point  of  death.  This  you  Avill  Rnd  in  the  sequel.  Carry- 
ing a  few  perches  around  this  precipice,  Ave  got  into  good 
Avater,  and  then  performed  a  seA'ere  v.iys  labor. 

October  ;5d.  The  evening  brought  us  to  our  encampment, 
on  tlui  south  side  of  the  river.  Angling  Avas  resorted  to  for 
food—  Sergeant  Hoyd,  observing  low  grouiid  on  the  other  side 
of  the  river,  a,nd  an  uncommon  coldn«\ss  in  the  water,  passed 
over,  and  in  an  hour  returned  with  a  dozen  tront,  of  (extraor- 
dinary ap{)eara,nce.  I-ong,  broad  and  thick.  The  skin  was  of 
a  A'ery  dark  hu(>, beautifully  sprinkled  with  deep  crimson  spots. 
Boyd  had  caught  these  in  a  large  and  deep  spring -head.  Con- 
trasting them  Avith  those  we  caught  in  the  river,  tht^y  Avere 
evidently  of  a,  dilTerent  species.  The  river  trout,  were  of  a  pale 
ground,  with  pink  spots,  and  not  so  flat  or  broad.  The  next 
day,  proceeding  onward,  we  here  and  ther.;  met  Avith   rough 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBKC. 


ra 


water.  I  a  tlio  evenintj  we  were  told,  lliat  uii  tlio  next  daj-,  wo 
probably  kIiouIcI  arrive  at  the  camp  of  Nalanih),  an  Indiau, 
wln)m  oiir  comiiuindcr  was  instriietcd  to  C'ai)ture  or  kill. 
Natauis  was  well  known  (o  {\ia  white  inhabitants  of  the  lower 
country  :  they  knew  from  him  thu  geographical  position  of  his 
resitience.  The  uninstructed  Indian,  if  lie  possesses  good  sense, 
n(u;essarily  fri)m  his  wanileringsa.sahunt<!r,  l)ecomes  a  geogra- 
pher. Thisgooil  man  (as  wesubse(iuently  knew  him  to  be)  hiul 
been  wrongfully  accused  to  Arnokl,  as  a  spy,  stationed  on  this 
river  to  give  notice  to  the  Uritish  government,  of  Ji,ny  party 
passing  this  way  into  Canada:  hen(!e  that  cruel  order. 

October  4th.      We  landed  some  miles   below  where  we  su[)- 
posed  his  house  was.     Our  canoes  were  brouglit  upon  the  shore, 
and  committed  to  the  care  of  two  of  the  party.     We  arrived 
at  the  house  of  Natanis,  after  a  nuirch,  probal)ly  of  threcMuile.s, 
over  a  llati  country  cover»-d  with  pines,  &;c.      Approaching  on 
all  sides  with  the    utmost   circumspection,  we   ran  quickly  to 
the   cabin,  our  riiles  prepared,  and  in  full  bclii^f  that  we  liad 
cauglit  Natanis.     Some  were  persuaded,  at  tlu)  distance  of  200 
yards  from  th(>  place,  that  they  saw  the  smoke  of  his  fire  :  lint 
the  bir»l  was  ilown.     He  was  wiser  and  more  adroit,  than    liis 
assailants,  as  you  Avill  alterwards  learn.      Tin;  house  was  ])r(d- 
tily  phuied  on  a   bank  twenty  feet  high,  about  twenty  yards 
from   the  river,  and  a  grass  plat  extended  around,  at  more 
than  shooting  distance  for  a  rifle,  free  from  timber  and  brush- 
wood.    The  house,  ff)r  an  Indian  cabin,  wiis  clean  and   tight, 
with  two  doors,  one  fronting  the  river,  tins  other  on  the  op{)o- 
site  side.     We  found  many  articles  of  Indian   fabrication,  evi- 
dently such  as  would  not  l)e  totally  abandoned  by  the  owner: 
besides,  it  was   remarked,  that   the   coals  on  tlui  liearth,  from 
their  appearance,   had   been   burning  at   least  within  a  week 
past.     These  notions  did  not  allay  our  apprehensions  of  meet- 
ing with  Indian  entuiues.     The  canoes,  in  the  meantime,  hav- 
ing be<!n  brought  up,  we  embarked  and  proceeded  with    alac- 
rity.    This  aft(frnoon,  in  a  course  of  some  miles,  we  caim^  to  a. 
stream  flowing  from  the  West,  or  rather  the  northwest.     As  we 
were  going  along  in  uncertainty,  partly  inclined  to  take  the 
westerly  stream,  one  of  ihc.   party   fortunately  saw  a  strong 
stake,  which  had  been  driven  down  at  the  edge  of  the  watei-, 
with  a  t)iece  of  neatly  folded  ])irch-l)ark.  in.serted  into  a  split 
at  the  top.    The  bark,  as  it  was  plac<'d,  pointcMl  up  the  west<"rlv 
Btream,  which    at    its   mouih.  siM-med    lo  contain    iiK)re  water 
than  that  of  our  true  course.     Our  surprize  and  attention,  was 
much  ludghtened,  when  opening  the  bark,  we  perceived  a  very 
pi^rfect  delineation  of  the  streams  above  us,  withseveral  marks 
which  must   have  denoted  the  huntnig  camps,  or  real  abodes 


lliiiil'l 


mm 


If 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


of  the  map-maker.  There  were  some  lines,  in  a  direction  from 
tlie  head  of  one  branch  to  that  of  another,  whicli  we  toolv  to 
be  the  course  of  tlie  patli.s,  which  the  Indians  intended  to  take 
that  season.  Thi.s  map  we  attributed  to  Natanis,  if  not  liis,  to 
his  brother  Sabatis,  who,  as  we  afterwards  knew,  lived  about 
seven  miles  up  this  westerly  stream.  For  when  our  party, 
after  returning  to  the  twelve-mile  ca,rrying-place,  had  again 
re-ascended  the  river,  we  were  told,  by  the  crew  of  one  of  Mor- 
gan's boats,  that  they  had  mistaken  the  westerly  stream  as  the 
due  route,  and  had  found  desei-ted  caV)ins  at  the  distance 
alrnatly  mentioned,  and  the  property  of  the  late  inliabitants, 
placed  in  a  kind  of  close  cages,  made  of  birch-bark  in  the  forks 
of  the  trees;  these  they  most  iniquitously  plundered.  Veni- 
son, corn,  kettles,  &c.  were  the  product.  Inspecting  the  map 
thus  acquired,  we  pursued  our  journey  fearlessly.  Now  the 
river  became  narrower  and  sltallower.  The  strengtJi  of  each 
of  us,  was  exerted  at  poling  or  paddling  the  canoes.  Some 
strict  water  interfered,  but  in  a  few  days,  we  came  to  the  first 
pond,  at  the  head  of  the  Dead-river.  October  7th.  This  first 
pond,  in  the  course  of  tlie  traverse  we  made,  might  be  al)ont  a 
mile,  or  a  little  more,  iu  diayieter.  Here,  on  a  small  island, 
scarcely  conta,ining  oiu'-fotirth  of  an  acre,  we  discovered  and 
ate,  a  delicious  species  of  cranberry,  entirely  new  to  us.  It 
grew  upon  a  bush  from  ten  to  twelve  feet  higli,  the  stock  of 
the  thickness  of  the  thumo,  and  the  fruit  Avas  as  larger  as  a,  May- 
duke  cherry.  In  tlie  course  of  one  or  two  miles,  we  reached  a 
second  pond.  Between  this  pond  and  the  third,  we  carried; 
the  communication,  though  not  long,  was  too  shallow  for  our 
canoes.  The  carrying-iilace  was  excessivelj''  rugged,  and  in 
high  water,  formed  a,  jia.rt  of  the  bed  of  the  stream.  Tiie 
country  around  us,  had  now  become  very  mountainous  and 
rough.  Several  of  these  mountains  seemed  to  stand  on  insul- 
ated Viases,  and  one  in  particular,  formed  a  most  beautiful 
cone,  of  an  immense  height.     We  rested  for  the  evening. 

October  8th.  Being  near  the  heighlh  of  land,  which  divides 
the  waters  of  New- England,  from  those  of  Canada,,  which  run 
into  the  St.  Lawrence.  The  weather  in  consequence  of  the 
approaching  wintcM-,  had  become  piercinglj'^  cold.  IMy  ward- 
robe, was  scanty  and  light.  It  consisted  of  a  roundabout 
jacket,  of  wollen,  a  pair  of  half  worn  buckskin  breeches,  two 
pair  of  wollen  stockings,  (l)ought  at  Newbery-port,)  a  hat  with 
a  feather,  a  hunting-shirt,  leggins,  a  pair  of  moclcasins,  and  a 
pair  of  tolerably  good  shoes,  Avhich  had  been  closely  hoarded. 

We  set  out  early,  yet  jovially.  We  entered  a  lake  sui'- 
rounded  by  high  and  craggy  mountains,  and  perpendicidar 
rocks    of     very    considerable    altitude,     which    about    eleven 


4 


^ii 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  (QUEBEC. 


81 


o'clock,  A.  M.  cast  us  in  a  dusky  shadf.  Pullintf  the  paddle, 
art  for  life,  to  keep  mj>elf  warm,  some  trilling  observation, 
which  fell  from  me,  relative  to  the  place  we  were  in, 
such  as  its  resemblance  to  the  vale  of  death,  which  drew 
the  attention  of  the  company:  Getchel,  in  his  dry  way, 
turning  toward  me,  said  '"Johnny,  yon  look  like  a  blue  leather 
wliet-stone. "'  The  simplicity  and  oddity  of  the  expression, 
and  the  gravity  of  his  manner,  causetl  great  merriment  at  my 
expense,  it  was  enjoyed  on  uiv  part,  ccM-tfiin  that  it  was  not  an 
expression  of  dis-esteem,  but  alTection,  for  the  man  liked  me. 
Tliese  minim  tales  and  jejune  occurrences,  are  related  to  con- 
vey to  your  minds,  an  idea,  how  men  of  true  spirit  will  beard 
death  in  every  shape,  even,  at  times,  with  laughter,  to  effectu- 
ate .'I  point  of  duty  which  is  considered  as  essential  to  the  wel- 
fare of  their  country.  Thus  we  went  on,  incessantly  laboring, 
without  sustenance,  until  we  came,  about  3  o'clock,  to  the 
extreme  end  of  a  lifch  and  the  last  lake.  This  day's  voyage 
might  amount  to  fifteen  or  twenty  miles. 

On  this  lake,  we   obtained  a  full  view  of  those  hills  which 
were  tiien,  antl  are  now,  called  the  "  Ileighth  of  land."'  It  made 
an  impression  uj)on    us,   that  was    really  more  chilling,   than 
Tile  air  which  surrounded    us.     We   hurried   ashore-  drew  out 
<nir  canoes,  and   covered  them  with    leaves  and  brush-wood. 
This  done,  with  our  arms  in  our  hands,  and  our  provision  in 
our  pockets,  we  made  a  race  across    the   mountain,  by  an    In- 
dian path,  easily  ascertainable,   until  we  arrived  on   the   bank 
of  the  Chaudiere  river.    The  distance  is  about  fiv  )  miles,  count- 
ing the  rising  and  descent  of  the   hill  as  two.     .This  was   the 
acme  of  our  d'isires.     To  discover  and  know  the  course  of  this 
river,  was  the  extent  of  our  orders  :  beyond  it,  we  had   noth- 
ing to  do.     Our  chief,  wishing  to  do  everything  a  good  oflicer 
could,  to  forward   the  service,  asked,  if  any  one  could  climb  a 
tree,  around   the  foot  of   which  we  then    stood?    It  was  a  pine 
of  considerable  height,  without  branches  for  forty  feet ;  Rob- 
ert  Cunningham,  a  strong  athltffio   m.-m,  about    twenty-live 
year-   old  presented  himself.     In  almost  the  twinkling  of  an 
eye,  he   climbed  the  tree.     He  fully  discerned  the  meamlering 
course  of  the  river,  as  upon  a  map,  and  even  descried  the  lake 
Chaudiere,  at  the  distance  of  fourteen  or  fifteen  miles.     The 
country  around  and  lietween  us  and  the  lake,  wjis  Hat.     Look- 
ing westward,  he  oliserved  a  smoke ;  intiinal  iiig  this  to  us,  from 
the  tree  where  he  sat,  we  plainly  perceived  it.     Cunningham 
came  down  ;  the  sun  was  setting  seemingly  in  a  clear  sky. 

Now  our  return  commenced -It  so  occurred,  that  I  was  in 
the  rear,  next  to  Getchel,  who  brought  it  up.     Wt*  ran  in  sin- 
gle file,  luid  while  it  was  light,  it  was  observed  by  me,  us  we 
0-VoL.  XV 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WIST  MAIN  STRUT 

WHSTIR.N.Y.  )4S80 

(716)  873-4S03 


to 


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HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


tried  to  stride  into  the  footstepH  of  the  leader,  that  he  covered 
tlie  traolc  with  )ii8  feet;  tliis  wa8  no  mean  duty.  It  required 
the  courage,  the  vigour,  and  tlie  wisdom,  which  designates 
genuine  manhood.  Our  object  was  to  be  concealed  from  a 
knowledge  of  any  one  who  might  communicate  our  presence 
there,  to  the  Canadian  government.  The  race  was  urged,  and 
become  more  rapid  by  the  indications  of  a  most  severe  storm 
of  rain  ;  we  hail  scarcely  more  than  gotten  half  way  up  the  hill, 
Avhen  the  shower  came  down  in  most  tremendous  torrents. 
The  night  became  dark  as  pitch ;  we  groped  the  way  across 
the  ridge,  and  in  descending,  relied  on  the  accuracy  of  our 
leader,  we  continued  with  speed.  The  precipice  was  very 
steep;  a  root,  a  twig  perhaps,  caught  the  buckle  of  my  shoe: 
—tripped— I  came  down  head  foremost,  unconscious  how  far, 
but  perhaps  twenty  or  thirty  feet.  How  my  gun  remained  un- 
broken, it  is  impossible  to  say.  When  I  recovered,  it  was  in 
my  hands.  My  companions  had  out-stripped  me.  Htunned 
by  the  fall,  feeling  for  the  path  with  my  feet,  my  arrival  at  the 
canoe-place  was  delayed,  till  ten  at  night,  an  hour  and  more 
later  than  my  friends.  An  erection  called  a  tent,  but  more 
correctly  a  wigwam,  was  made  in  the  hurry  with  forks,  .aid 
cross-poles,  covered  by  the  branches  of  flr.  It  raiited  inctn- 
santly  all  that  night.  If  the  oiothep  we  wore  had  been  dry, 
they  would  have  become  wet— so  we  laid  down  in  all  those  we 
had  rm  Sleep  came  to  my  eyes,  notwithstanding  the  dripp- 
ings of  the  pelting  storm,  through  the  humble  roof. 

October  9th.  We  arose  before  day.  The  canoes  were  urged 
suddenly  into  the  water,  it  i^till  rained  hard,  and  at  day  light 
we  thought  of  breakfasting.  Gracious  God!  what  was  our 
fare?  What  could  we  produce  for  euch  a  feast  ?  Rummaging  my 
breeches  pockets,  I  found  a  solitary  bi«cuit  and  an  incli  of 
pork.  Half  of  the  biscuit  wns  devoted  to  the  breakfast,  mid 
so  also  by  each  person,  and  that  was  consumed  in  the  canoes  as 
we  iiadtlied  over  the  lake.  The  rain  had  raised  the  lake,  and 
consequently  the  outlets  about  four  feet.  We  slided  glibly 
along,  over  passages  where  a  few  «lays  previously,  we  had  toted 
our  canoes.  At  the  outlet  of  the  fourtii  lake,  counting  us  we 
came  up,  a  small  diu:k  appeared  within  shooting  distance.  It 
was  a  dioer,  well  known  in  our  country-  a  thing  which  we  /icre 
contemn.  Knowing  the  value  of  aiiinuil  food,  in  our  predhra- 
nient,  several  of  us  tired  at  Wm  diner  :  .Tesse  Wheeler,  however, 
(who  all  acknowledged  as  an  t^xcelleiit  shot,)  struck  it  with 
his  ball,  A  shout  of  joy  arose— the  lit;l«<  diver  was  safely  ile- 
poslted  in  our  canoe.  We  went  on  quickly,  without  accident, 
till  the  evening,  probably  traversing  a  space  of  more  th/m  forty 
miles.     At  night-fall  we  halted,  weury  and  without  tasting  food 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


88 


since  morning.  Boyd  and  Cunnlngliani,  who  wore  right-liand- 
nien  on  most  occasions.  80on  kindled  a  lire  against  a  fallen  tree. 
An  occiirreiico  this  evening  took  jjlace,  which  my  dear  children 
you  will  hai'dly  credit,  but  which  (permit  me  to  assure  you)  is 
sacredly  true;  the  company  sat  themselves  gloomily  around 
this  lire.  The  cooks,  according  to  routine,  ^ whether  our  chief 
or  others,)  picked  the  duck,  and  wlu  n  picked  and  gutte<i,  it 
was  brought  to  the  fireside.  Here  it  becanie  a  question,  how- 
to  make  (he  most  of  our  stock  of  provisions.  Finally  it  was 
concluded  to  boil  the  duck  in  our  camp-kettle,  together  with 
each  man's  bit  of  pork,  distinctly  marke  1  by  running  a  small 
skewer  of  wood  through  ii,  vith  his  particular  and  private 
designation.  That  the  ")roth  thus  foriiuid,  should  be  the  sup- 
per, and  the  duck  on  the  ensuing  morning  should  be  the  break- 
fast, and  which  should  bo  distributed  l)y  "whose  shall  be  this. " 
Strange  as  this  (ale  may  appear  to  yt)U,  in  these  times;  the 
agreement  was  religiously  i>erformed.  Being  young,  my  ap- 
petite was  ravenous,  as  that  of  a  wolf,  but  honor  bound  the 
stomach  tightiy. 

Wo  rose  early,  and  each  person  selected  his  bit  of  pork,  which 
made  but  a  single  mouthful ; — there  was  no  controversy.  The 
diver  was  partetl  most  fairly  into  ten  shares,  each  one  eyeing 
the  integrity  of  the  division.  Lieutenant  Steele  causing  the 
"turning  of  the  back,"  the  lottery  gave  mo  a  victory  over  my 
respectal)le  fri»md  ('unningham.  His  share,  was  the  head  and 
(he  feet,  mine  one  of  the  thighs.  Hungrynnd  miserableas  we 
were,  even  this  was  sport  to  our  thoughtless  nunds.  In  fact, 
wo  were  sustainiMl  by  a  flattering  hope,  that  we  should  boou 
meet  our  friends  "the  army." 

Setting  out  early  on  the  10th  »)f  October,  by  the  evenintr  we 
had  mad«»  nearly  fifty  mihfs.  The  bit  of  i)<»rk  anti  the  rest  of 
the  biscuit  became  my  supper.  My  colleagues  wore  similarly 
situated.  The  morning  sun  saw  us  without  n,ny  food.  We  did 
not  despond.  The  consolalorv  i<lea,  that  on  that  or  the  next 
day,  we  should  certainly  Join  the  army,  infused  energy  into  our 
minds  and  bodi«>s.  Yet  being  without  food,  though  w«»  loved 
each  other  every  endearment  which  binds  man  to  man,  wjis 
as  it  were  forgotten,  in  a  profound  silence.  After  a  long  day's 
journey  s(ill  we  were  supperless. 

The  succeeding  mondng,  (1  lib, )  s(artlng  early,  we  ran  <it  a 
monstroiis  rate.  The  waters  by  uddit  ioniil  rains  above,  had 
risen  greatly.  By  t«>n  or  eleven  o'clock  A.  M.  we  observed  a 
great  smoke  before  us,  which  froni  its  exteiit,  wo  could  ascribe 
to  nothing  else,  than  the  encampment  of  the  army,  our  friends 
an<l  fellow  soldiers.  After  some  time,  the  light  canoe,  several 
hundred  yards  before  us,  (with  Steele  and  Gotchel  in  It,)  iNtssod 


Ili. 


m 


m 


I  uJ' 


84 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


between  the  forks  of  u  tree,  whicli  lay  rooted  in  the  middle  of 
the  Htreain,  where  ino^t  likely  it  hud  Itiin  tor  many  years.  All 
its  branches  had  been  worn  away  by  the  annual  frictions  of  the 
ice  or  waters,  except  those  which  formed  tlie  fork,  and  those 
citood  directly  against  the  current,  nearly  a  foot  out  of  water, 
and  ten  or  more  ffet  apart.  Seeinj^  our  friends  pass  through 
safely,  and  being  unconscious  that  we  were  worse  or  less  ad- 
venturous watermen  than  they  wen^,  we  risked  it.  We  ran 
with  great  velocity.  My  good  Irishman  steered.  By  an  un- 
lucky stroke  of  some  one  of  our  paddles,  (for  each  of  us  had 
one,)  but  from  his  situation  and  power  over  the  vessel  it  was 
fairly  attributable  to  the  steersman,  the  canoe  was  thrown  a 
little  out  of  its  true  courf-e,  just  as  it  was  entering  the  prongs 
of  the  fork.  Trilling  as  this  may  appear  to  you,  to  us  it  was 
the  signal  of  death.  One  of  the  prongs  took  the  right  hand 
side  of  the  canoe,  within  six  inches  of  the  bow,  immediately 
below  the  gun  whale.  Quick  as  lightning  that  sitle  of  the  canoe 
was  laid  open  from  stem  to  stern,  and  water  was  gushing  in 
upon  us,  which  would  inevital>ly  have  sunk  us  in  a  second  of 
time,  but  for  that  interference  of  Providence,  which  is  athe- 
istically  called  presence  of  mind,  otherwise  a  host  of  men 
<3ould  not  have  saved  us  from  a  watery  grave.  Instinctively 
leaning  to  the  lefr,  we  sunk  the  gunwale, of  that  side  down  to 
the  w;vter's  edge,  by  which  we  raised  the  broken  side  an  inch 
and  more  out  of  it.  (^ailing  loudly  to  our  companions  ahead, 
th«y  soon  saw  our  distress  and  iiut  in,  at  the  great  smoke.  (Care- 
fully and  steadily  sitting,  and  gently  paddling,  numy  hundred 
yards,  we  landed  safely.     Here  was  no  army,  no  frien<ls,no  food, 

•only  a  friendly  fire,  kindled  by  ourselves  as  we  ascended  the 
river:  it  had  b(!en  our  camp.  'JMin  fire  we  had  made  luul  scarcely 
more  than  smoked,  but  now  it  had  crept  into  the  turfy  soil, 
and  among  the  roots  of  trees,  n.n*l  was  spread  over  half  an 
acre,  (hjr  situation  was  truly  horrible.  When  we  had  exam- 
ined the  broken  canoe,  and  ha<i  rummaged  both  for  the*  means 
of  mending  it,  every  heart  seamed  disnuiyed.  Our  birch-bark 
and  pitch,  had  been  exhausted  in  f<»rmer  r»M)airs,  -we  were 
without  food,-  perhaps  one  hundred  miles  from  the  army,  or 
l)('rlia[H  that  army  had  returned  to  New  ICngland.  That  sen- 
sation of  the  mind  called  "The  horrors"  seemtMl  to  prevail. 
Getchel  alone  was  really  sedate  and  reflective.  He  ordered  the 
other  guide  t<>  search  for  birch-bark,  whilst  he  would  look 
among  th»(  pines  for  I  iirpentiiu*.  We  followi^l  the  on-j  or  the 
otln'r  of  t ht'se  \\orthies,  ndconling  to  our  inc^linations,  and 
soon  returned  wlils  those  desirable  nuiterials.  Ti!(»  (Mular  root 
was  in  plenty  under  our  fe<>t.  Now  a  dilTlculty  occurred, 
which  had  been  unforeseen,  iind  which  was  setuuingly  dest  rue- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


85 


tive  of  all  hoiw.  This  was  the  want  of  fat  or  oil  of  every  kind, 
with  wliich  to  make  the  turpentine  into  ]>itch.  A  Incky 
thout^lit  occurred  to  tlie  youuffest  of  the  company,  that  the 
pork  baff,  lay  rniptyand  neglected,  in  one  of  the  canoett.  Tlie 
thought  and  the  act  of  bringing  it  were  instantaneous.  The 
bag  was  ripped,  and  as  if  it  had  l)een  so  niucli  gold  dust,  we 
Hcrap"d  from  it  about  a  pint  of  dirty  fat..  Getchfl  now  pre- 
pared an  abunchmce  of  pitdi.  The  cedar  root  gave  us  twine. 
Tlie  canoe  was  brought  up  to  the  lire.  We  found  every  ribe.\- 
cept  a  few  at  the  extreuK*  {M)ints,  actually  torn  from  the  gun- 
wale. All  hands  set  to  work— two  hours  afterwards,  the  canoe 
was  borne  to  the  water. 

We  embarked,  and  proceeding  cautiously,  as  we  thought, 
along  the  shore,  (for  we  dared  not  yet,  with  our  craggy  vessel, 
venture  'nto  deep  water,)  a  snag,  standing  up  stream,  struck 
through  the  bottom  of  the  canoe.  This  accident  happened 
about  live  hundred  yards  from  the  lire.  We  put  back  with 
heavy  hearts  and  greiit  difllculty— our  friends  followed.  It  look 
an  hour  to  patch  the  gap.  The  cupot"  sorrow  was  not  y  t  full. 
As  the  men  were  bearing  the  wounded  canoe  to  the  water, 
sergeant  Hoyd  who  paddled  in  the  small  canoe,  which  was 
drawn  up  as  usual,  taking  hold  of  the  bow  raised  it  waist  high 
(*is  was  right)  intending  to  slide  ii  gently  into  the  water—the 
bank  was  steep  and  slii)p'ry.  Oh  !  my  dtuir  children,  you  can- 
not conceive  tlu<  dread  a,Md  horror  lh«^  succeeding  i)art  of  this 
scene  produced  in  our  minds;  Mr.  Boyd's  feet  slipped — the 
canoe  fell  from  his  hands— its  owii  weight  falling  upon  tii»»  cav- 
ity, formed  by  the  declivity  of  the  bank  and  the  water  -bn)ke 
it  in  the  centre,  into  two  pieces,  and  which  were  held  together 
by  nothing  but  the  gunwales.  Now  absolutt*  despair  for  the 
llrst  time  seized  me.  A  thought  .'aiutwicross  my  mind,  that 
the  Aliuifrhty  had  destined  ns  to  die  of  hunger,  in  this  iidios- 
pitabl.)  wilderness.  Tlie  recollect  ion  of  my  parents,  my  l»rot  hers 
andsister,  and  the  cilantU^stiiK' and  cruel  iiuiniierof  my  desen  ing 
them,  drew  fr«)m  mesonmhidden,  yet  burning  tears,  and  much 
menial  (rontrit ion.  Thiswasiiidinown.  unseen  and  unheard  of  by 
any,  l)ut  ho  who  is  |)resent  e\ery  where,  knows  everything, 
and  sees  our  inmost  thoughts.  (retcliel,  (eoinparing  t-iiiall 
things  with  gr«Mit,  who  miudi  resembled  lioiiier's  description 
of  lllyss(^s,  in  his  person,  and  whose  stayed  and  sober  wisdom 
and  foresight,  also  \h)vv  a.  likeness  to  the  talents  of  that  hero,) 
resigned,  yet  t  liouglit  fill  and  active,  insiantly  went  to  work. 
The  (Ninoe  was  brought  l<»  (h<*  lire,  and  place<l  in  a  proper  pos- 
ture for  the  oi»(>ralion.  The  lacerated  parts  w(!r(>  neatly 
brought  toget  her,  and  sewed  with  c.'diir  root.  .\  large  ridi^e 
of   pitch,  as    is  customary  in    the  const riu'.t ion  of  this  kind  of 


86 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


water  craft,  was  Jai<l  over  the  Keaiu  to  make  it  water-tight. 
Over  the  HHaiu  a  pat<rh  of  strong  barlt  a  foot  in  width,  and  of  a 
lengtli  suflicient  to  encircle  the  bottom,  even  to  the  gunwales, 
was  sewed  down  at  the  edges  and  pitched.  Again  over  the 
whole  of  the  work,  it  was  thought  prudent  to  place  our  pork 
hag,  which  was  well  saturateii  with  liquid  fat.  It  was  a  full 
yard  wide,  and  was  laid  down  in  the  same  manner.  This  work 
which  was  laborious  nearly  consumed  the  rest  of  the  day. 

We  set  out  not  withstanding  the  lateness  of  the  hour,  and 
would  it  is  likely  have  gone  all  night,  well  knowing  the  water 
below  to  be  good,  but  for  an  enlivening  occurrence,  which 
si.'on  after  hapi>fned.  Hunger  drove  us  along  at  a  cautious 
but  rai)id  rate.  Thesterilityof  thocountryabove,  hadalTorded 
U8  no  game,  neitlier  moose,  bear  nor  wolf:  nothing  in  short, 
but  the  diver,  and  a  red  pine  squirrel,  which  was  too  small 
ami  quick  to  be  killed  by  a  bullet.  These  squirrels  did  not 
much  exceed  in  size  our  striped  ground  squirrel.  About  dusk 
the  lieutenant's  canoe,  four  hun«lred  yards  before  us,  had 
within  view,  turned  a  sharp  point  of  land,  when  we  heard  the 
crack  of  a  rifle,  and  presently  another  and  a  huz//a.  Appre- 
hending an  attack  from  an  enemy,  we  pulled  hard  to  be  ena- 
bled to  sustain  our  friends.  In  a  moment  or  two,  observing 
them  ]>ulling  for  t  lie  north  shore,  which  was  steep,  we  looked 
up  it  for  the  t'uemy.  Good  Heavens!  what  a  sight!  We  saw 
a  moose-deer,  falling  on  the  t(tp  of  the  bank.  A  cry  of  exulta- 
tion seemed  to  burst  the  narrow  valley  of  the  river.  Steele 
had  struck  the  deer  in  the  Hank,  as  it  was  leaving  the  water, 
but  it  sprung  up  the  bank  with  agility.  Wheeler,  with  ])etter 
fortune  for  us  all,  pierced  its  heart  as  it  arrived  nt  the  top. 
Seeing  this  you  can  scarcely  inuigine  the  celerity  of  our  move- 
ments. We  were  ashort)  in  a  moment.  A  Are  was  kindled,  the 
secondary  guide  cut  o(T  the  nose,  and  upper  Up  of  the  animal, 
instantly,  and  had  it  on  the  lire.  What  a  feast!  But  we  were 
prutlent.  Wif  sat  up  all  night,  selecting  the  fat  and  tit-bits— 
frying,  boiling,  roast  ing  aiul  i)r(>iling,  but  carefully  eating  lit- 
tle at  a  time.  Towartls  morning,  we  slept  a  few  hours,  abso- 
lutely carcle.ss  of  consequences.  W<?  knew  that  we  had  arrived 
ill  M  land  when*  ga.rne  was  plentiful,  and  where  th  ire  were  no 
focts  superior  to  our  number  to  oppose  us. 

(3ct.  13.  We  arose  after  sunrise,  and  V)egan  according  to  prac- 
t  lo(>,  to  (uamine  and  prepare?  our  guns.  Prepare*!,  mine,  was 
))liice(l  against  a  tree  ;  my  duty,  in  course,  was  of  the  (Milinnry 
kind,  (ieorgt?  Merchant,  my  coadjutor,  had  gone  to  the  river 
for  water.  He  ran  back  seized  his  own  gun,  and  intinuited 
that  a  bull  moose  was  swimming  across  the  river  towards  the 
camp.      \V((  jnnmed  (o  our  arms  — it  so  hapi)entHi  that  my  sta- 


I    i: 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


87 


tion  was  rearward.  Tlie  enorinouH  aitimul  was  coining  towards 
us,  and  not  more  than  flfty  puces  olT,  his  iieud  and  liorns  only 
above  water.  Tlie  sight  was  animating.  Wheeler  and  some 
ottiers  Ured  at  his  head,  but  without  effect.  The  extreme  de- 
sire they  liad  to  possess  so  noble  a  prey,  probably  caused  a 
tremor  of  the  hand,  or  that  part  of  his  body  was  impenetra- 
ble to  our  small  balls,  which  is  most  likely.  The  moose  turned 
and  swam  to  the  opposite  bank.  Having  got  to  the  verge  of 
the  river,  his  emerging  was  awaited.  My  ball  struck  precisely 
where  it  ought  to  kill.  The  huge  animal  rose  the  bank  by  sev- 
eral boggling  leaps,  but  seemed  unknowing  which  way  to 
run — We  thought  he  would  fall.  Wheeler,  and  some  othersi 
getting  into  the  canoes,  pursued  him  by  his  blood  half  a  mile. 
When  Wheeler  returned,  he  overloaded  me  with  praises  for  the 
accuracy  of  the  shot,  and  was  conlKlent  that  the  deer  was 
killed.  Wo  had  no  time  to  spare.  We  feasted  till  noon,  and 
in  the  intermediate  moments,  culled  the  entrails  for  the  fut : 
we  even  broke  the  bones,  and  extracted  the  marrow,  under 
the  full  persuasion,  that  food  of  an  oily  nature,  is  one  of  the 
strongest  mainstays  of  human  life.  Of  this  principle,  if  we 
had  a  doubt,  we  were  shortly  afterwards,  most  irrefragubly 
convinced.  We  departe«l  from  our  camp  Joyously,  untortured 
by  the  fear  of  starving :  our  canoe  sunk  ileej)  by  the  weight  of 
on.''  venison.  Running  some  miles  and  suddenly  doubling  a 
point  wo  saw  a  larg(»  grey  wolf  sitting  on  his  haunches — be  was 
llred  at,  but  the  distance  was  too  great,  -Hees('ape<l.  Look- 
ing down  the  river  we  saw  a  moose  swimming  from  tlie  main  to 
an  island— it  Wiissoon  brought  down.  It  proved  to  be  young— 
of  about  300  weight.  Its  ears  and  flanks  were  much  torn  by 
the  wolf.  This  prize  constituted  veal  iu  our  l.irder.  The  choice 
parts  were  deposited  in  the  canoes— the  residue  was  at  the  dis- 
posal of  the  wolf. 

The  following  morning,  (Octol)er  tilth,)  embarking  early, 
aflnr  noon  we  arrived  at  our  first  encatuping  ground  on  the 
"  Dead  river,"  in  gotxl  health  and  si)irits,  ihougli  pallid  and 
weak,  for  the  want  of  substantial  food  in  «lue  (puintily. 

Hy  this  time  the  fat  and  marrow,  of  the  aitimals  we  had 
killed,  were  exhausted,  antl  «>iir  stock  of  salt  had  been  long 
since  expended.  One  who  has  never  been  deprived  of  bread 
and  salt  nor  known  the  absence  of  oleaginous  substances  iu 
his  food  cannot  make  a  true  estimate  of  the  invaluable  ben- 
efits of  such  lngr(»dlents,ln  tht^  siistentation  of  the  bodily  frame  ; 
nor  of  the  extremity  of  our  corporeal  debility, 

We  ascended  the  bank,  which  Is  steep,  and  about  fotirteen 
feet  high,  carrying  our  baggage,  artns  and  veidson,  h'lsurely, 
by  piecemeal.     The  canoes,  as  being  too  heavy  for  our  strength, 


'fli:' 


II  'i 


■•"^ 


i 


It.       !'!■ 


!, 


88  HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 

wero  secured  below,  in  the  water,  by  withes.  It  was  imme- 
diately eoticluded  to  preserve  our  provisions  by  jerking.  This 
oi>eralion  is  done  by  sliciu<;  the  meat  into  thin  strips.  Then 
drivinff  four  forks  into  the  earth,  in  a  square  position,  at  the 
required  ilistaiice  perpendicularly,  and  laying  poles  from  fork 
to  fork,  and  poles  athwart  from  polo  to  pole,  A  rack  is  thus 
made,  about  four  feet  high,  on  which  the  sliced  meat  is  laid, 
and  smoke-Ures  are  made  underneath.  This  duty  was  Hot)n 
performed.  We  now  began  to  look  about  us,  and  discuss  the 
subject  of  our  return  to  the  army,  which  we  had,  before  this 
time,  persiuuled  ourselves  we  should  meet  at  this  ])lace.  The 
non-appearance  of  the  army  and  our  distress,  induced  a  conclu- 
sion that  we  were  deserted,  and  abandoned  to  a  disastrous  fate, 
the  inevitable  result  of  which  would  be,  a  sinking  into  eternity 
for  want  of  food,  for  though  we  might  have  killed  more  deer, 
the  vigour  of  our  bodies  was  so  reduced,  that  we  were  con- 
vinced that  that  kind  of  food,  could  not  restore  us  to  our 
wonted  energy,  and  enable  us  to  perform  so  rugged  and  long 
a  march,  as  that  to  the  fr«)ntiers  of  Maine.  The  not  ion  of  navi- 
gating the  river,  was  scouted  as  a  fallacy,  because  we  did  not 
possess  a  sufficient  degree  of  Ijodily  force,  to  bear  the  canoes 
across  the  twelve-mile  carrying- place.  As,  in  the  case  of  the 
retreat  of  the  army,  we  had  determined  to  follow,  it  became 
requisite  to  finish  the  jerking,  which  would  take  six  days,  to 
make  it  the  more  portable,  foronr  fe(^bleness,  andi)reservableif 
we  should  have  wet  weather  on  the  march.  It  was  further  coii- 
clnd  'd  "That  lieutenant  Steele,  Getchel  and  Wheeler,  should 
immediately  proceed  on  foot  across  the  twelve-mile-carrying- 
place,  1o  nu^et  the  army  :  If  they  did  meet  it,  that  they  should 
return  to  us  with  supplies  by  thv  end  of  three  days,  but  in  all 
events  to  rettirn. "'  Having  no  doubt,  of  the  honor  of  those 
gentlemen,  the  rest  of  the  jjarty  remained,  cheerfully  jerking 
the  meat.  Now  we  experienced  the  full  extent  of  a  new  species 
of  starving.  Having  neither  bread,  nor  salt,  nor  fat  of  any 
kind,  every  day  we  remained  here,  we  became  more  and  nu)re 
weak  and  emaciated.  Wti  had  plenty  of  UK'at,  both  fresh  and 
dried,  of  wliic.Ji  we  ate  four,  five  and  six  times  a  day,  in  every 
shaptt  wo  had  the  means  of  dressing  it.  Though  we  gorged 
the  stomach,  tli(wip[)i'tite  was  unsatiated.  Something  like  a 
tliarrhaiaensuetl,  which  ctrntributed  to  the  imbecility  of  otir 
bodies.  Hears  oil  would  have  made  our  venison  savoury,  but 
such  tui  aiuuil  a,s  a  l)ear,  we  had  as  yet  not  seen  in  all  our 
wand«MMng.H.  On  ll)»\  evening  «)f  ihe  fourth  day,  wo  looked  oxit 
for  our  absent  companions  with  much  heartfelt  anxiety. 
They  came  not.  In  the  luoi'tdng  of  the  next  day,  we  consulted 
upon  th»'  question  whether  we  should  follow  the  army.     A  ma- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUKIiKC. 


8» 


joriry  voted  fur  stayiiij^  ii  few  uluys  longer  to  complete  the 
jerkin^;.  To  shew  yoti  the  great  bodily  weakness  we  were 
brought  to,  it  may  be  proper  to  rt^iate  tlie  following  antiedoto 
as  more  evincsive  of  the  faet,  than  any  other  metho<l  wiiich 
might  be  adopted,  to  brintr  it  fully  to  your  minds.  Sergeant 
Hoyd  (the  strongest  and  stoutest  man  of  the  party,  and  per 
haps  of  the  army,)  and  myself,  taking  our  arms,  ddsceiuled 
into  a  canoe,  and  passed  the  river,  to  the  mouth  of  the  creek 
before  mentioned,  intending  to  go  to  thc!  next  pond  on  the 
carrying- place,  there  to  meet,  as  wo.  ni)p«!d,  the  advance  of  the 
army.  We  staggered  along  through  the  plain,  falling  every 
now  and  then,  if  t)ur  toes  but  touched  a  twig  or  tuft  of  gras.s. 
Thus  going  forward,  we  arrived  at  theiitdgeof  the  moss-bog, 
which  is  mentioned  as  we  ascended  the  river,  and  wiiich  is  one 
and  a  half,  or  two  miles  from  the  pond.  Here  my  worthy 
frienil  Boyd,  utuible  to  proceed,  sunk  down  upon  a  log.  My 
seat,  in  tears  of  evcruciating  grief,  was  taken  besitJe  him,  <»n- 
deavoring  to  infuse  comfort  and  courag*;  intoiiis  manly  mind- 
it  was  in  vain.  Tin;  debility  of  his  body  had  disarmed  Ids 
courageous  soul.  Kvery  art  in  my  power  was  o.xercisetJ  to  in- 
duce him  to  pass  the  bog — he  wouM  not  listen  to  me  on  that 
8ul).iect.  Melancholy  of  the  desperates  kin»l  oppressed  me. 
Cf)nvinced  that  the  army  had  retreated,  a  prognostication  re- 
8ulte«l  in  my  mind,  that  we  should  all  dicf  of  mere  debility  in 
tlieso  wilds.  We  sat  an  hour.  At  length  we  agree<l  to  reltirn 
to  our  camp,  though  it  was  yet  early  in  the  aftttrnoon.  Otir 
companlcMis  wfjn*  pleased  to  see  us,  thinking  ourfomingHO 
soon,  indicated  good  news,  but  a  gloom  of  desperation  fol- 
lowed. As  a  la^t  olTort  to  savt?  our  lives,  we  all  agreed  to  \»iyn 
the  river  the  next  morning  and  follow  the  army,  which  wo 
were  now  assured,  had  returu«ul  to  Kort-Westeru.  Kacli  one 
put  into  his  knapsack,  as  much  of  our  mawkish  food,  as  he 
could  conveidently  crarry. 

Oct.  17.  We  started  early,  i)assed  tin;  river,  but  from  mere 
inability  to  carry  our  canoes,  left  them  behind  us,  at  the  bank 
of  the  creek.  Marching  I'orwanI,  as  fast  as  our  ff><>i)le  liml>H 
would  carry  us.  When  W(i  (s:ime  to  the  log  wliei-e  Boyd  hud 
seated  liimself,  we  wei'e  filled  with  e\tat  ic  Jov  toobserve,  on  tlm 
far  side  of  the  Ixig,  a  |)artvof  pioneers  forming  a  causeway 
for  the  passage  of  th' army.  Our  strength  redoubled  — w(» 
passed  the  bog  with  considerable  speed.  Our  wan  and  hag- 
gard faces,  and  meagrtt  bodies,  and  i  he  monstrous  b(>ardsof  my 
companions,  who  had  nt»gli»('ted  to  carry  a.  ra/.or  with  them, 
seemed  to  strike  a  deep  sorrow  into  the  hearts  of  the  pione(>rs. 
They  gave  ns  a  little  of  their  food,  btit  what  exhih'rated  us 
more,  was  the  information,  that  major  Febiger  with  the  ad- 


IS 


90 


HKNUY'S  JOURNAL. 


vance-guard,  lay  at  the  next  pond.  VVe  urged  forward  as  fast 
as  we  could.  Arriving  at  his  lire  a  little  before  my  company, 
an  incapacity  to  istand  compelled  me  to  sit.  Febiger,  in  a 
hurried  manner,  asked  who  we  were?  and  from  whence  we 
came?  A  few  words  explained  the  mystery  and  cause  of  our 
ilistress.  A  glistening  tear  stootl  in  this  brave  soldier's  eye. 
As  it  were  with  a  sudden  and  involuntary  motion  and  much 
tenderness,  lie  handed  me  his  wooden  canteen,  (which  con- 
tained ti)e  last  spirits  in  the  army,)  from  me  it  passed  to  Cun- 
ningham, who  had  just  come  up,  the  most  ghastly  and  way- 
worn figure  in  nature,  from  him  it  went  round  to  the  rest,  who 
arrived  gradually,  but  slowly.  The  heart  of  Pebiger  seemed 
overjoyed  at  the  relief  he  had,  and  could  afford  us.  The  liquor 
had  restored  our  fainting  spirits,  but  this  was  not  enough  for 
his  generosity  to  exhibit.  He  requested  us  to  take  seats  around 
the  lire,  antl  wait  the  boiling  of  his  kettle,  which  was  well  re- 
plenished with  pork  and  dumplins.  This  was  all  devoted  to  our 
use,  acoompanieil  by  an  open  heartedness  and  the  kindest  ex- 
pressions of  interest  for  our  sufferings,  and  regard  for  our  per- 
severance in  our  «luty  ha  military  men,  This  meal  to  all  of  us 
seemed  a  renewal  of  lift;.  It  was  accustomed  food.  Febiger, 
ere  this  time,  was  unknown  to  us,  but  in  the  ijrocessof  events, 
lie  acquired  our  esteem  anil  i'utire  confidence,  an  a  friend  and 
a  real  soldier.  Our  more  innnediate  and  intimate  friends,  were 
still  beyond  the  i)ond,  but  coming  forward.  By-and-by  Mor- 
gan came,  large,  a  commanding  aspjct,  and  stentorian  voice. 
He  wore  leggins,  and  a  cloth  in  the  Indian  style.  His  thighs, 
which  were  exposed  to  view,  appeared  to  have  been  lacerated 
l)y  the  thorns  and  Imshes.  He  knew  our  story  from  Steele  and 
Wheeler,  and  greeted  us  kindlj'.  We  now  found  ourselves  at 
homt>,  in  the  bosom  of  a  society  of  brave  men,  with  whouj  we 
were  not  only  willing,  but  anxious  to  meet  the  brunts  of  war. 
This  was  the  twenty-sixth  day  wo  had  been  absent  from  the 
army.  In  the  evening  we  resumed  our  stations  in  our  respec- 
tive messes.  It  was  now  fully  explained  to  us,  why  Steele  had 
not  brought  us  relief.  He  had  met  the  ailvance  of  the  army 
on  the  Kennebeck  side  f)f  the  carrying-place.  Always  alert 
and  indefatigabl(>,  when  any  duty  was  to  be  done  :  the  labours 
of  the  men  in  carrying  boat.s,  barrels  of  flour,  &c.  were  intol- 
erable, and  required  the  strength  and  athletic  «.'xertions  of  the 
olTlcers,  and  particularly  suclt  as  lieutenant  Steele,  to  enliven 
them  in  their  duty.  In  bearing  a  heavy  btirden  over  rugged 
ground,  he  fell  and  sprained  or  di.slocated  his  shoulder.  Not- 
withstanding this  accident,  he  had  sent  us  supplies,  but  the 
bearers,  either  from  cowardi<;e  or  other  cause,  never  came 
near  us,     Getchel  and  Wheeler  had  other  duties  to  attend  to— 


^1    f 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


91 


they  were  under  iininediute  comitiaud. '  We  also  discovered 
from  Steele,  that  Clifton  and  M'Koukey,  soon  after  we  left 
theui,  liatl  deserted  their  post,  carrying  all  they  could  on  their 
backs,  to  meet  the  army. —The  dastardly  vices  of  the  latter, 
prevailing  over  the  known  courage,  good  sense,  and  sedate  age, 
of  the  former:  nothing  occurs  to  me  contributory  to  the  fame 
of  these  uien  afterwards.  The  Ih-st  was  an  invalid,  the  latter  u 
catiff  coward.  In  your  scanning  the  characters  of  men,  which 
you  will  be  compelled  to  do  in  your  own  defence,  inthecoursi* 
of  your  lives,  it  will  be  a  good  general  rule  for  you  to  adopt : 
That  wlietheryou  bain  thecompauy  of  military  men— scholars — 
men  of  the  law  — legislators,  &c.  &.c.  in  short,  persons  of  any 
profession  or  class,  if  you  find  a  person  very  loquacious — dragg- 
iiKj  the  conver.sation  to  himself,  and  in  a  dictatorial  way  taking 
the  lead  ;  but  more  especially  if  he  talks  of  his  own  prowess — 
deep  reading— causes  he  has  gained— eloquence,  &c.  &c.  but 
still  more  so  if  the  party  lioasts  of  wealtii  or  ancestry.  In  the 
first  instance,  without  hesitation,  set  such  a  person  down  in 
your  memory  as  a  braggadocio,  a  mere  puffer,  until  you  can 
inquire  further  for  proof  to  the  contrary.  There  are,  to  my 
knowledge,  excev)tions  lo  this  general  rule,  but  few  in  num- 
iM'r.  particularly  in  the  military  class.  M'Konkey  was  of  the 
pulling  sect,  and  there  never  was  a  more  consummate  scoun- 
drel and  coward. 

October  18th.  Now  we  turned  our  faces  towards  the  north. 
Having  rejoined  our  messmates,  enjoying  substantial  food  and 
warm  tents,  we  soon  recruited  a  good  degree  of  strength,  and 
our  former  gaiety  of  temper  and  hilarity  returned  to  us.  We 
accompanied  the  army,  and  became  a  kind  of  guides  in  minute 
matters,  for  the  paths  and  carrying  places  we  hatl  sufTlciently 
developed,  fojr  captain  Ayresand  his  jjioneers,  by  strong  bla/,ing 
and  snagging  of  bushes,  so  that  he  might  proceed  in  i)erfect 
security  in  the  performance  of  the  duties  of  his  oflico.  The 
three  call  companies  of  riflemen  under  Morgan  took  up  our  old 
encamping  ground  on  the  "Dead  river,"  during  fhe  afternoon 
of  the  following  day. 

Oct.  l',)th  &  20th.  Here  we  lay  encamped  for  several  days, 
waiting  the  arrival  of  the  rear  of  the  New  lOngland  trooj)s: 
tliey  came  up  hourly.  During  or  stay  liere,  it  plea.sed  me  in- 
ternally, tool)serve,  that  Morgan  adopted  certain  rules  of  disci- 
pi  ine,ab.solutely  necessary  lot  lies  la  t»^  we  were  in,  but  discordant 
witli  the  wild  and  extravagant  notions,  of  our  private  men.* 

*  Morgan  was  a  strict  disciplinarian.  Permit  an  anecdote.  He  liud 
obtained  the  conuniind  of  the  rifle  «-orp8  from  Arjiold,  witliout  any 
atlvorteiico  to  the  better  irliiiin  of  llendrifks,  who,  though  the  young- 
est man  wus  of  the  tlireo  cuptuius,  iu  point  of  rank,  by  the  dates  of 


09 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


Powder  and  ball,  particularly  tlie  fii-Ht,  to  us  riflemen  was  of 
the  iirst  consequence.  At  (y»iml>ri(ljje  the  horns  l)elongin^  to 
the  men,  were  filled  with  an  excellent  rifle  powtler— which, 
when  expen<led,  could  not  be  replaced  in  (Junada  by  any  pow- 
der of  an  equal  quality.  The  men  had  jjot  intoahabitof  throw- 
ing it  away  at  every  trifling  object.  Upon  our  return  from 
the  Chaudiero,  this  circumstance  raised  disgust  in  us:  for  we 
had  been  studiously  careful  of  our  ammunition,  never  firing 
but  at  some  object  which  would  give  us  the  means  of  subsis- 
tence. Though  we  drew  our  loads  every  morning,  from  a  fear 
of  the  dampness  of  the  atmosphere,  yet  the  ball  and  powder 
were  never  lost.  Our  bullet  screws  brought  the  first  out  with 
ease,  and  it  was  recast  -the  latter  was  carefully  returned  to 
the  horn,  where,  if  moist,  it  soon  became  dry.  The  principal 
of  Morgan's  rules  were,  that  there  should  be  no  straggling  from 
the  camp; -and  no  firing  without  authoritative  permission. 
Reasonable  as  these  injunctions  were,  they  were  opposed. 
Being  young  and  my  friend  Steele  absent,  a  whisj)er  of  appro- 

connnissions,  the  superior  oflicer.    Hendricks,  for  the  sake  of  peace 
in  tlie  army,  and  of  good  order,  prudently  and  good  naturedly  ac 
quiesccd  in  liisassumption  of  the  command,  for  Morgan  had  seen  more 
service  in  our  former  wars. 

At  this  place,  Morgan  had  given  it  out  in  orders  that  no  one  should 
lire.  One  Chamberlaino,  a  worthless  fellow,  who  did  not  think  it 
worth  while  to  draw  his  bullet,  had  gone  some  hundreds  of  yards  into 
the  woods,  and  dischargeii  his  gun.  Lieut.  Steele  happened  to  be  in 
that  quarter  at  the  time  ;  Steele  liad  but  arrived  at  the  fire,  where  we 
sat,  when  Morgan,  who  had  seen  him  coming,  approached  our  camp, 
and  seated  himself  within  our  circle.  Presently  Chamberlaino  came, 
gun  in  hand,  and  was  passing  our  lire,  towards  thatofliis  moss.  Mor- 
gan called  to  the  soldier — accused  him  as  the  defaulter — this  the  man, 
(an  arrant  liar,)  denied.  Morgan  appealed  to  Steele.  Steele  admitted 
ho  heard  tlie  report,  hut  knew  not  the  party  who  discharged  the  gun. 
Morgan  suddenly  springing  to  a  pile  of  billets  took  one,  and  swore  he 
would  knock  the  accused  down  unless  ho  confessed  the  fact.  In- 
stantly, Smith  seized  another  billet,  and  swore  ho  would  strike  Mor- 
gan if  ho  struck  tho  man.  Morgan  knowing  tho  tonuro  of  his  rank, 
receded.  This  was  the  only  spirited  act  I  knew  of  Smith,  Such  were 
the  rouch-hown  characters,  which,  in  a  few  subsequent  years,  by 
energy  of  mind  and  activity  of  V)ody,  bore  us  safely  through  tho 
dreadful  storms  of  the  revolution.  Morgan  was  of  an  impetuous 
temper,  yet  withal,  i)rudent  in  war,  as  he  was  tearless  of  per.3onal 
danrer.  His  passions  were  (luick  and  easily  excited,  but  thoy  were 
soon  cooled.  This  observation  is  applicable  to  many  men  of  great 
talents,  and  to  none  more  than  Morgan.  His  severity,  at  times,  has 
made  me  shudder,  thouKh  it  was  nece-ssary,  yet  it  would  have  been  a 
pleasing  trait  in  his  character,  if  it  liail  been  less  rigid. 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


03 


bation  did  not  fall  from  lue,  which,  in  my  KubordinatestatioD, 
might  have  been  indehcate.  It  was  left  to  thu  energy  of  Mor- 
gan's mind,  and  he  conquered.  During  our  resting  here, 
Arnold,  accompanied  by  Steele  and  some  excellent  boatmen, 
proceeded  to  the  head  of  the  river.  The  rifle  corps  preceded 
the  main  body  of  the  army,  both  by  land  and  water.  The 
boats,  which  were  heavily  laden  with  baggage  and  provisions, 
took  in  no  more  men  than  were  necessary  to  navigate  them, 
that  is,  three  to  a  l)oat.  The  remainder  of  the  army  marched 
by  land,  the  river  being  generally  the  guide. 

Here,  my  dear  children,  permit  me  to  give  you  the  genuine 
character  of  my  friend,  general  Simpson,  whom  you  all  know 
personally.  He  was  among  my  earliest  and  best  friends.  He 
was  then  as  apparently  eccentric,  as  he  is  at  this  time:  there 
is  no  obvious  dilTerence  in  his  manners  between  the  two  pe- 
riods. As  an  ofllcer,  he  was  always  active  and  keen  in  the  per- 
formance of  his  duty.  Hard  was  the  service;  but  his  heart 
was  soft  to  his  friend.  Simpson  invited  his  messmate  aboard 
his  boat,  being  still  somewhat  feeble  from  our  late  privatiotis : 
the  invitation  was  gladly  accepted. 

Oct.  21st."  We  embarked.  Having  lieu t.  Simpson  for  a  steers- 
man, and  John  Tidd  and  James  Doitgherty  as  boatmen,  we 
went  gaily  on  for  that  and  the  next  day  :  able  to  lead  any  boat 
in  the  river. 

October  22d.  — On  the  evening  of  this  second  day,  we  en- 
camped on  a  bank  eight  or  nine  feet  high,  at  a  place  where  we 
had  rested  when  ascending  the  river  the  first  time.  In  the 
evening  a  most  heavy  torrent  of  rain  fell  upon  us,  which  con- 
tinued all  night.  Having  now  a  good  tent  over  our  heads, 
the  inconvenience  was  tiot  much  felt.  We  slept  soundly. 
Towards  morning,  we  wer.^  awaked  by  the  water  which 
flowed  in  upon  us  from  the  river.     We  fled  to  high  ground. 

Oct.  23d. — When  morning  came  the  river  presented  a  most 
frightful  aspect :  it  had  risen  at  least  eight  feet,  and  flowed 
with  terrifying  rapidity.  None  but  the  most  strong  and  ac- 
tive boatujen  entered  the  boats.  The  army  marched  on  the 
south  side  of  the  river,  making  large  circuits  toavoid  the  ove;- 
flowings  of  the  intervale  or  bottom  lands.  This  was  one  of  tlie 
most  fatiguing  marches  we  had  as  yet  performed,  though  the 
distance  was  not  great  in  a  direct  line,  lint  having  no  path 
atid  being  necessitated  to  cliiub  the  steepest  hills,  and  that 
without  food,  for  we  took  none  with  us,  thinking  the  boats 
would  be  near  us  all  day.  In  the  evening  we  arrived  at  the  fall 
of  four  feet,  which  was  mentioned  when  ascending  the  river. 
Alas!  all  the  boats  of  the  army  were  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
river.     The  x)itch  of  the  fall  made  a  dreadful  noise,  and    the 


94 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


:id'^ ; 


current  ran  with  inruienise  velocity.  We  sat  down  on  the  hank 
sorely  pinclied  by  huuger,looking  wistfully  towards  our  friends 
beyond  the  torrent,  who  were  in  possession  of  all  the  provi- 
sions, tents  and  camp  equipage.  Convinced,  however,  that  the 
most  adventurous  boatman  would  not  dare  the  passage,  for 
the  sake  of  accommodating  any  of  us.  We  were  mistaken. 
There  were  two  men,  and  only  two  who  had  skill  and  courage 
to  dare  it.  Need  lieulcnant  Simpson  an  an  occasion  like  this, 
be  named;  he,  accompanied  by  John  Tidd,  entered  Ills  empty 
boat.  What  skill  in  boatmanship!  what  aptitude  with  the 
paddle  was  here  exhili)ited.  The  principal  body  of  the  water 
run  over  the  middle  of  the  fall,  and  created  a  foaming  and  im- 
jjetuous  torrent,  in  some  measure  resembling,  at  this  particu- 
lar time,  of  a  very  high  freshet,  that  of  the  Oswego-falls,  which 
hiid  been  known  to  me  ere  this.  The  river  was  about  150,  or 
200  yards  in  breadth,  counting  on  the  increase  of  water  by  the 
rains.  The  force  of  the  central  current,  naturally  formed  con- 
sitlerable  eddies  at  each  side  of  the  river,  close  under  the  pitch. 
Simpson  now  disclosed  his  amazing  skill.  Though  there  was 
an  (Hl('y,  even  that  was  frightful,  he  came  by  its  mean  nearly 
undv;r  the  pitch,  and  trying  to  obtain  an  exact  start,  failed. 
The  stream  forced  his  boat  down  the  river,  but  he  recovered 
and  brought  it  up.  Now  we,  who  were  trembling  for  the  fate 
of  our  friend,  and  anxious  for  our  own  accommodation,  began 
to  fear  he  might  be  drawn  under  the  pitch.  Quick,  almost  in 
a  moment,  Simpson  was  with  us.  He  called  in  his  loud  voice 
to  Robert  Dixon,  James  Old  (a  messmate)  and  mvself  to  enter 
the  boat — We  entered  immediately.  He  jjusiied  oflf;  attempt- 
ing the  start  by  the  favor  of  the  hither  eddy,  which  was  the 
main  thing — wt»  failed.  Returning  to  the  shore,  we  were  as- 
sailtnl  by  a  numerous  band  of  soldiers,  hungry,  and  anxious 
to  be  with  their  companions.  Simpson  told  them  he  could  not 
carry  more  with  safety,  and  would  return  for  them.  Henry 
M'Annaly,  a  tall  Irishman,  who  could  not  from  experience, 
comprehend  the  danger,  jumped  into  the  boat,  Iks  was  fol- 
lowed by  three  or  four  other  inconsiderate  men.  The  coun- 
tenance of  Simpson  changed,  his  soul  and  mine  were  Intimate 
"O  (fod,"  said  he,  "men  we  shall  all  dit\"  They  would  not 
recede.  Again  we  ai)proached  t  he  pitch  ;  it  was  horrible.  The 
batteaux  swani  deep,  almost  ungovernable  by  the  paddle. 
Attempting  again  to  essay  the  departure — we  failed.  The 
third  trial  was  nuule  :  It  succeetled.  As  lightning  we  darted 
a,thwart  the  river.  Shupson  with  his  paddle,  governed  the 
stern.  Tim  worthy  Tidd  in  the  bow.  Dixon  and  myself,  our 
guns  stuck  in  the  railing  of  the  batteaux,  but  without  pad- 
dles, sat  in  the  stern  next  to  Simpson.    Mr.  Old  was  in  the  bow 


CAMPAKiN  AGAINST  QUKBEC. 


n 


near  Tidd,  Henry  M'Aniialy  was  adjoinirifj  Mr.  Old.  Tlio 
other  men  sat  between  tlio  stern  a.nd  l)o»v.  Simpson  calle<l  to 
the  men  in  the  l)ow,  to  lay  hold  of  the  birnh  bushes — the  boat 
struck  the  shore  foreil)ly  :  they  caiifjht  hold.  M',\nnaly  in  par- 
tioiilar,  (this  \v 'is  in  the  tail  of  the  eddy,)  but  like  children, 
their  holds  slipped,  at  the  only  spot  when?  we  could  have  been 
saved;  for  the  boat  liad  l)een  judiciously  and  safely  l)rou{?lit 
up.  Lettiuf^f^o  their  holds,  the  bow  cam«n'ound  to  the  stream, 
and  the  stern  struck  the  shore.  Simpson,  l>i\'on.  and  myself, 
now  caufjht  the  bushes,  but  being  by  this  time  thrown  into 
the  current,  the  strength  of  the  water  matle  the  withes,  as  so 
many  straws  in  our  h.ands.  Th«?  stern  again  swung  round: 
the  bow  came  again  ashore.  Mr.  Old,  Tidd,  and  M'Annaly, 
and  the  rest,  sprung  to  the  land  to  save  their  lives.  Doing 
this,  at  our  cost,  their  lieels  forced  the  boat  a,crosst lie  current. 
Though  we  attempted  to  steady  it,  the  boat  swagged.  In  a 
moment  after,  at  thirty  feet  off  sliore,  it  l>eing  broad  side  to 
the  current,  turned;  borne  under,  in  spite  of  all  our  force,  by 
the  fury  of  the  stream.  Tiie  boat  upsetting,  an  expression, 
as  going  into  the  water,  fell  from  me,  "Simp.son  we  are  going 
to  heaven.  ■'  My  fall  was  head-foremost.  Simpson  came  aftt^r 
me — his  heels,  at  th(»  depth  of  fifteen  feet  or  more,  were  upon 
my  head  and  neck  ;  and  those  grinding  on  the  gra,vel.  We  ro.se 
nearly  together,  your  father  first —  my  frieixl  followed.  The 
art  of  rwimming,  in  which,  I  thought  myst'lf  a,n  adept,  was 
tried,  but  it  was  a  topsy-turvy  busines.s.  The  force  of  the 
water  threw  me  often  heels-over-head. 

In  the  course  of  iliis  voyage, after  a  few  hundn>d  yards,  Simp- 
son was  at  my  side,  l)ut  tlie  force  of  the  stream  i)reventiul  the 
exertion  of  swimming;  yet  the  impetuosity  of  the  current, 
kept  tis  up.  It  drove  us  toward  the  other-side  of  the  river, 
against  a  long  ridge  of  perpendicular  rocks  of  great  exttuit  : 
Luckily  in  the  course  of  some  hundred  yards,  the  current 
changed,  and  brought  us  perforce  to  the  nortli  side  of  the 
river.  Floa.ting along  with  my  head  Just  al)ove  water  prayers 
in  sincen*  penit<'nce  having  b(M'n  uttered,  a  boat's  crew  of  east  - 
ern  men,  handed  me  a  pole.  It  was  griju-d  as  by  the  liand  of 
deatli— but  griped  the  pole  renianied  lo  me.  The  strength  of 
the  water  was  such,  tliat  tlie  boat  would  inevitably  have  upset, 
if  the  boa,tman  had  kept  his  hold.  A  glance  of  t  he  «>ye  in- 
formed me,  thai  my  companion  in  uusfortune,  had  shared  the 
same  fa.te.  Resigned  into  the  bosom  of  my  Saviour,  my  eyes 
became  closed  ;  the  death  ajtpeared  tome,  a  hard  o\w  ;  sensi- 
bility in  a  great  degree  forsook  nit(.  hriving  with  the  current 
sonit!  hundnuls  of  yards  more,  the  most  ])alpab1(t  feeling  r«>col- 
locted,  was  the  striking  of   my    breast   against  a  rootor  liard 


M' 


iM 


mi: 


:' 


f 


til  1 


I  :ti 


Hi 


90 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


substance.     My  head   came  above  water.     Breathing  ensued; 
at  the  same  niomeut  Simpson  raised  ins  head  out  of  the  water, 
his  gold  laced  hat  on  it,  crying  "  Oh  !*'  neither  of  us  could  have 
crept  out :  we  should  have  there  died  ;    but  for  the  assistance 
of   Edward   CavaTiaugh,  an  Irish  man,   an   excellent  soldier, 
who  was  designated   in  the  company  by  the  appellation  of 
"Honest  Ned. ''    Passing  from  the  lower  part  of  the  river,  he 
happened  to  come  to  the  eddy,  at  the  instant  of  time  my  breast 
struck.     He  cried  out  "Lord  Johnny!  is  this  you?"  and  in- 
stantly dragge  J  me  out  of   the  water.     Simpson  immediately 
appearing,  he  did  him  the  same  good   oHice.     Ikying  on  the  . 
earth  perhaps  twenty  minutes,  the  water  pouring  from  me,  a 
messenger  from  the  camp  came  to  rouse  us.     Roused  w^  went 
to  it.     But  all  eyes  looked  out  for  Dixon,  all  hearts  were  wail- 
ing for  his  loss.     It  was  known  ho  ccJuld  not  swim,  but  none  of 
us  could  recollect  whetlier  he  had  drojjped  into  the  water   or 
had  adhered  to  the  boat.     In  some  time  we  had  the  inexpressi- 
ble i)leasure  of  Dixon  in  our  company.     He  had  stuck  to  the 
side  of  the  boat,  which  lodged  on  a  vast  pile  of  drift  wood  some 
miles  below,  and  in  this  way  he  was  saved.     Arriving  at  the 
camp  our  friends  had  a  largo  lire  prepared,  particularly  for  our 
accommodation  ;  heat  upon  such  an  occurrence  is  most  agree- 
able.    My  two  friends  in  distress,  whose  clothing  was  princi- 
pally woollen — felt   none  of  my  i)rlvate  disaster.     My  leather 
breeches  attached  closely  and  coldly  to  the  skin.     Modesty  pro- 
hibite<l  a  disclosure.     The  sense  of  pain  or  inconvenience  which 
was  observed  by  my  seniors,  caused  an  inquiry.     Immediately 
the  breeches  were  off  and  stuck  upon  a  pole  to  dry.     Simpson 
was  so  much  exhilerate<l  l)y  our  escape,  that  seated  on  a  stump, 
he  sung  "I'lato,"'  in  great  glee.     It  became  a  favorite  with  us. 
During    all    this    time,  jjoi'liaps   till    one    or    two   o'clock,  my 
breeches  were  in  my  hand  almost   in  continued  friction.     The 
laugh  of  the  company  was  against  me,  but  it  was  l)orno  stoically. 
The  following  morning,  (October  24,)  presented  me  wit  h  many 
dilTioulties  :  to  be  sure  my  horn,  with  a  pound  of  powder,  and 
my  pouch,  with  seventy  bullets,  were  unharmed  by  the  water, 
though  around  my  neck  in  the  course  of  our  swimming:  Yet 
I  had  lost  my  knapsack,  my  hat,  and  my  most  precious  rifle. 
Awaking,  the  world  appeared  to  be  a  wild  waste.     Disarmed, 
my  insignificance    pressed    strongly  on    my   mind    dishonor 
sei'med  to  f-^'lowof  course      Without  the  armour  of  defence, 
men  and  ni.     »n8  are  mere  automatons,  lial)le  to  bo  swayed  by 
the   beck  of  jmwer  and  subject  to  the   hand   of  oppression. 
Young  as  your  father  was,  his  soul  was  oppressed.     To  return 
with  the  invalids  was  dreadful,  and  without  arms,  ho  could  not 
Ijrooeed.     Comfort  came  to  m     in  the  shape  of  lieutenant,  now 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


97 


general  Nichols,  then  of  Hendricka.  He  had  two  hats— he  pre- 
sented me  one  :  but  what  was  more  to  my  purpose,  he,  or  gen- 
eral Simpson,  informed  me,  that  some  of  tlieinvalids  wished  to 
dispose  of  their  rifles.  With  tlie  a^^isistance  of  Nicliols  and 
Simpson,  a  bargain  was  struck  witli  a  person  called  Willlara 
Reynolds,  or  Rannels,  of  our  company;  who  was  miserably 
sick,  and  returned  in  the  boats.  Money  was  out  of  the  ques- 
tion, an  order  upon  my  father,  dated  at  this  place,  for  the  i)rice 
of  twelve  dollars  was  accepted,  and  afterwards  in  due  time, 
paid  honorably.  This  gun  was  short,  about  45  balls  to  the 
pound,  the  stock  shattered  greatly,  and  worth  about  40  shill- 
ings. Necessity  has  no  law.  Nuver  did  a  gun,  ill  as  its  appear- 
ance was,  shoot  with  greater  certainty,  and  where  the  ball 
touched,  from  its  size,  it  was  sure  to  kill.  This  observation, 
trifling  as  it  may  seem,  ought  to  induce  government  to  adopt 
guns  of  this  size,  as  to  length  of  barrel  and  size  of  Imll,  There 
are  many  reasons  to  enforce  this  opinion.  We  dejiarted  from 
this  place,  without  any  material  occurrence,  and  went  rapidly 
forward. 

Somewhat  laughable  ensued  on  the  morning  of  the  27th  of 
October,  near  th(?  first  pond,  at  the  head  of  the  river.  The. 
Virginians  (though  it  is  not  probable  that  any  of  the  officers, 
excepting  one)  had  taken  up  the  idea,  that  they  were  our  supe- 
riors in  every  military  qualification,  and  ought  to  lead.  Hend- 
ricks, though  the  oldest  commissioned  ofllcer  of  the  rifle  com- 
panies, was  still  the  youngest  man.  For  the  sake  of  peace  and 
good  order,  he  had  not  assented  to,  but  merely  acquiesced  in 
Morgan's  assumption  of  the  command  of  our  corps,  as  the  elder 
person.  Those  men,  who  were  clever  and  brave,  were  just 
such  in  that  behalf,  as  we  were  ourselves:  but  a  Mr.  Heath, 
who  was  blind  of  an  eye,  a  lieutenant  of  Morgan's,  seemed  to 
think,  that  all  others  were  inferior  to  those  of  the  "ancient 
dominion."  We  had  a  hard  \\\or\i\i\\^'n pushing,  wht-n  coming 
up  to  the  first  pond,  at  the  head  of  the  "  Dead-river,"  we  saw 
Heath  bef<ire  us.  Observing  to  Simpson,  " /)n.s/i  ///m,"  we  W(>nt 
up  with  much  force  ;  jmor  Heat  li  laboring  as  a  slave,  to  keep 
his  plac(>.  Tidd  and  Pougherty,  felt  my  spirit,  as  much  as 
Simpson  did.  At  the  moment  of  our  passing,  for  we  went  up 
on  the  outsl<le  of  him,  towards  the  middle  of  the  current,  his 
pole  stuck -upon  which  he  gave  ns  a  few  hearty  curses.  Kn- 
tering  the  lake,  the  boat  under  my  guidance  and  information, 
steered  dirc'ctly  for  the  passage  to  the  second  lake.  H  umphreys 
(Morgan's  flrst  lieutenant)  a  brave  and  nu)st  amiable  man, 
whom  W(!  Inghly  esteemed,  was  in  a.  boat  f/ir  to  llie  left,  search- 
ing for  a  passage.  Simpson,  at  njy  instance,  hailed  him  to 
7— Vol.  XV. 


\f 


'^  .; 


98 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


come  on. —He  jinswered  there  was  no  passage  there,  alluding 
to  the  place  we  steered  for.  Encouraging  my  friend  to  go  on, 
the  deception  Humphreys  lay  under,  was  soon  discovered. 
The  creeii  was  deep  and  serpentine,  and  the  country  around, 
for  a  considerable  distance,  a  flat.  A  log  brought  down  by  tfhe 
last  freshet,  lay  across  tiie  stream,  so  as  to  give  to  a  stranger 
the  idea,  that  the  mouth  of  the  creek,  was  merely  a  nook  of 
the  lake.  Setting  the  log  afloat,  as  Avas  easily  done,  the  boat 
proceeded. 

October  28.  Continuing  rapidly,  for  now  we  had  no  carry- 
ing, nor  marking  of  trees,  there  being  plenty  of  water,  the 
evening  was  spent  at  the  foot  of  that  mountain,  called  the 
Heighth-of-land.  This  was  a  day  of  severe  lal)or.  The  navi- 
gation of  the  Chaudiere,  being  so  far  as  our  infornuition  went, 
represented  to  the  captains,  Hendricks  and  Smith,  as  very  dan- 
gerous, they,  to  save  their  men,  concluded  to  carry,  over  the 
hill,  but  one  boat  for  eadi  of  their  companies.  Tliis  resolu- 
tion was  easily  accomplished.  Morgan,  on  the  other  hand, 
determined  to  carry  over  all  his  boats.  It  would  have  made 
your  heart  ache,  to  view  the  intolerable  labors  his  i'mo  fellows 
underwent.  Some  of  them,  it  was  said,  had  the  flesh  worn 
from  their  shoulders,  even  to  the  bone.  The  men  said  it ;  but 
by  this  time  an  antipathy  against  Morgan,  as  too  strict  a  dis- 
ciplinarian had  arisen. 

On  the  following  day,  (October  29th,)  iie  army,  disjointed 
as  was  our  corps,  at  least  Hendricks'  and  Smith's  encamped 
on  the  plain,  on  the  bank  of  the  Chaiuliere.  Morgan  after- 
wards took  hjs  station  near  us.  Here  it  flrst  became  generally 
known,  that  Enos  had  returned  from  the  twelve  mile  carry- 
ing-place, with  500  men,  a  large  stock  of  provisions,  and  the 
medicine  chest.  It  damped  our  spirits  much,  but  our  com- 
mander  conceived,  it  was  bt^tter  to  proceed  than  return.  We 
wer.)  about  a  hundred  miles  frf)iii  the  frontier  of  Canada,  but 
treble  that  distance  from  that  of  New-England.  Our  provi- 
sions were  exhausted.  We  had  no  meat  of  any  kin«l.  The  Ihuir 
which  remained,  so  far  as  I  know,  was  divided  faJrIv  and 
equally,  among  the  whole  of  thci  troops,  the  rtjlciiien  shared 
flmi  pints  ofjfoiir  per  man.  During  the  night  and  the  ensu- 
ing morning,  the  flour  was  baked  into  flv«i  cakes  i)er  man, 
under  the  ashes,  in  the  way  of  Indian  l>read. 

On  the  ;JOth  of  October,  we  set  forward.  The  men  were  told 
by  the  ofllcers  "that  order  woidd  not  be  re(piired  in  the  march, 
"each  one  must  put  the  l)est  foot  foremost."  The  flrst  day's 
march  was  closed  by  a  charming  sleep  on  flr-branches.  The 
gentlemen  of  our  mess  lay  together,  covering  themselves,  with 
the  blankets  of  each  t)ne.     My  memory  does  not  serve,  to  say, 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUKBEC.  W 

that  any  stir  was  luado  by  unyoiif,  (luriiif^  +he  night.  Hap- 
IM'uingto  be  tlie  first  whoawalied,  in  the  morning,  the  blanket 
wasKuddenly  thrown  from  my  head,  but  what  was  my  surprise 
tolind,  that  we  had  Iain  under  cover  of  at  least  four  indies  of 
snow.  We  scarcely  had  risen  ami  )iad  our  liettle  on  tlie  fire, 
when  our  drumiuer,  (we  Iiad  no  bugles,  j  Jolm  Shaeffer,  came 
slipshod  t(»  our  fire,  complaining,  that  all  liis  cakes  liad  been 
stolen  fr*»iu  Jiim.  A  more  wretched  figure  was  scarcely  ever 
beheld.  H(^  was  {lurblind.  This  circunistanoe,  though  Jit;  was 
my  townsman,  and  ac(juainted  with  me  from  my  earliest  in- 
fancy, was  yet  unknown  to  me  until  this  last  march,  ascending 
the  "])oad-river,"  commenced.  My  station  in  the  line  of  march, 
which  was  in  the  single  file,  (or  Indian,  as  it  was  then  called,) 
was  next  to  the  ca[>tain;  the  drummer  ft)llowed.  Here  it  was 
his  defect  of  sight  was  most  effectually  shewn.  Smith  was  lith- 
soine  and  (piick  afoot,  as  we  all  were,  (except  poor  ShaelTer. ) 
In  the  course  of  this  toilsome  niarcli,  witliout  a  i)ath,  many 
deep  ravines  pre.sented,  over  these  lay  many  logs,  fallen  per- 
liaps  many  years  before.  The  captain  took  the  log,  preferring 
it  to  ;i  d(!scent  of  20  or  ;5()  feet  into  tin*  guli)h  below,  which  at 
times  was  quite  alirui)'.  Following  me,  ShaelTer  would  fre- 
quently, drum  an<l  all,  tumble  headlong  into  the  abyss.  His 
misfortunes  in  this  way,  for  Ik;  was  a  laughing  stock,  excited 
contempt    in   the  soldiers,  but  in  me  compassion. *    Often,  he 

*  I  cannot  exactly  recollect  the  time,  buttho  records  of  Government 
will  sliow,  that  tins  miserable  man,  was  indicted  of  a  burglary  and 
convicted.  His  respectable  brother,  Mr.  Jacob  Sliaeflor  of  Lancaster, 
(Penii.)  applied  to  me,  to  certify  in  his  favor,  [It  wa.s  in  1780  or  1781,] 
to  the  prcsi<lent  and  council,  who  had  the  power  of  panlon.  The  rep- 
resell tation  was,  in  substance  similar  to  the  present.  This  part  of  our 
transa<!tions,  rests  in  my  memory  ;  but  the  impression  is  so  strong, 
that  I  cannot  forget  it.  It  gave  mo  great  pleasure  to  imagine,  that 
probably  I  might  again  contribute  to  the  saving  the  life  of  a  man, 
which  I  had  actually  saved  once  i)efore.  At  that  time,  by  our  law, 
the  juniishment  of  burglary  was  death,  and  my  compatriot  Stiaoller, 
was  under  that  sentence.     My  soul  was  grieved. 

In  a  dninken  i)out  at  Philadelpiiia,  he  had  l)lindly  stumbled  intoa 
house,  whicli  he  took  to  bo  liis  lodgings.  Hero  ilotectod  in  one  of  the 
chambers,  he  was  charged  as  a  felon.  (iraciousTJod  !  upon  thesupei- 
(Iccs  of  tiiy  earth,  there  was  never  a  more  unolVemling  soul.  lie  could 
scarcely  see  a  yard  l)efore  him. 

It  has  annised  and  ploaseil  me  often,  to  hear  that  he  extoln  me.  Ho 
is  now  industrious. 

The  fate  of  .lames  Warner,  (see  p.  102. "t  among  others,  was  really 
lamentable.  lie  was  young,  hamlsoiuo  in  appearance,  not  more  than 
twonty-(ive  yom's  of  age ;  Ik;  was  athletic  and  seemed  to  8urpa.ss  in 
bodily  strength.     Yet  withal,  ho  was  a  dolt.     His  wife  was  beautiful 


1 


3. 


m 


100 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


required  my  aid.  On  this  iatter  occasion,  our  kettle,  boiling 
a  bleary,  wiiich  was  no  other  than  flour  and  water,  and  that 
without  salt,  my  solicitations  prevailing,  the  mess  gave  him  a 
tin  cup  full  of  it.  He  received  from  me  my  third  cake.  This 
man,  blind,  starving,  and  almost  naked,  bore  his  drum  (which 
was  unharmed  by  all  its  jostlings)  safely  to  Quebec,  when 
many  other  hale  men  died  in  the  wilderness. 

though  coarse  in  manners.  The  husband  on  the  other  hand,  was  a 
I)oor  devil,  constantly  out  of  view,  or  in  the  background  of  the  pic- 
ture. 

We  heard  nothing  of  them  after  entering  the  marsh,  and  until  a 
month  had  elapsed  at  Quebec.  In  December,  the  wife  or  widow  of 
poor  .Tames  Warner,  came  to  our  quarters  on  the  Low-grounds,  bear- 
ing her  husband's  riile,  liis  powder-horn  and  pouch.  She  appeared 
fresh  and  rosy  as  over.  This  arose  from  the  religious  and  gratuitous 
spirit  of  the  Canadians. 

Tiio  story  Mrs.  Jemima  Warner  told,  was  extremely  affecting,  and 
may  i)0  worth  remembering,  as  it  is  something  like  a  sample  of  the 
whole  of  our  distresses  and  intolerable  disasters. 

The  husband  was  a  great  eater.  His  stores  of  provisions,  after  the 
partition,  at  the  head  of  the  Chaudiere,  were  in  a  little  time  consumed. 
The  consummate  wife  run  back  from  the  marsh,  and  found  lier  be- 
loved husband  sitting  at  the  foot  of  a  tree,  where  he  said  he  was  de- 
termined to  die. 

The  tender-hearted  woman,  attended  her  ilUfated  husband  several 
days,  urging  his  march  forward  ;  lie  again  sat  down.  Finding  all  her 
solicitations  could  not  induce  him  to  rise,  she  left  him,  having  placed 
all  the  bread  in  her  possession,  between  his  legs  with  a  canteen  of 
water.  8he  bore  his  arms  and  ammunition  to  Quebec,  where  slio  re- 
counted the  story.  The  nephews  of  Natanis,  afterwards  at  Quebec, 
confirmed  the  relation  of  this  good  woman.  For  when  going  up,  and 
returning  down  the  river  with  our  inestimable  friend  M'Cleland,  she 
urged  them,  suffused  in  tears  to  take  ijer  husband  on  l)oard.  They 
were  necessarily  deaf  to  her  entreaties.  Thus  perished  this  imfortu- 
nato  man,  at  a  |)eriod  of  his  age,  when  the  bodily  powers,  are  gener- 
ally in  their  full  perfection.  He  and  many  others,  who  died  in  the 
wiUlenicss,  lost  their  lives  by  an  inconsiderate  gluttony.  Tliey  ate  as 
nuich  at  a  meal,  as  ought  to  have  been  in  our  circumstances  the  pro- 
vision  of  four  days,  and  a  march  of  one  hundred  miles.  Young  men, 
without  knowledge  or  a  previous  experience,  are  very  dilHcuU  to  goV' 
orn  by  sago-advice,  >\lien  the  rage  of  hunger  assails. 

To  (soncludo  this  lengthy  note,  allow  mo  tointroducoto  you,  anothc) 
instance  of  iiuman  misery,  which  came  under  my  eye,  in  this  dolo. 
rous  and  dreadful  mar<-h.  As  was  l)ofore  observed  in  the  body  of  tlu 
work  "At  the  heiul  of  tho  (-haudiere,  it  was  given  out  by  the  ofllcers 
that  order  would  not  be  retpiired  from  tho  soldiery  in  tho  march,  tfec' 
Yet  the  companies,  being  in  tho  most  part  either  fellow-townsmen, 
or  from  tho  same  county  adhered  together,  bound  by  that  affectionate 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


101 


This  morning,  tlie  first  of  November,  In-eakfjisting  on  our 
bleary,  we  took  up  the  Hne  of  march  through  a  flat  and  boggy 
ground.  AV)out  ten  o'clock  A.  M.  we  arrived,  by  a  narrow 
neck  of  land  at  a  niarsh  which  was  appalling.  It  was  three, 
fourths  of  a  mile  over,  and  covered  by  a  coat  of  ice,  half  an  inch 
thick.  Here  Simpson  concluded  to  halt  a  short  time  for  the 
stragglers  or  maimed  of  Hendricks'  and  Smith's  companies  to 
come  up.  There  were  two  women  attached  to  those  companies, 
who  arrived  before  we  commenced  the  march.  One  was  the 
wife  of  Serjeant  Grier,  a  large,  virtuous  and  respectable  woman. 
The  other  was  the  wife  of  a  private  of  our  company,  a  man 
who  lagged  upon  every  occasion.     These  women  being  arrived, 


attachment,  which  ia  engendered  by  the  locality  of  hirth,  or  tl>e  liabi- 
tudcs  of  long  and  severe  services,  in  a  communion  and  endurance  of 
hardships  and  desperate  adventures.  It  appears  to  me,  to  bo  a  princi- 
ple of  tlie  human  mind,  "that  the  more  hardships  we  endure  in  com- 
pany of  each  other,  the  greater  becomes  our  esteem  and  affection  for 
our  fellow-sufferers."  For  myself,  this  is  said  from  experimented 
woe  and  extreme  calamitj'. 

Wo  had  no  path,  the  river  was  our  guide.  One  day,  either  the 
second  or  third  of  this  march,  a  mountain  jutting  in  a  most  precipi- 
tate form  into  the  river,  compelled  us  to  pass  the  margin  of  the  stream 
upon  a  long  log,  which  had  been  brought  thither  l)y  some  former 
freshet.  The  bark  and  limbs  of  the  tree  had  been  worn  away  l)y  the 
rubbings  of  tlieic'o,  and  the  trunk  lay  lengthwise  along  the  narrow 
passage,  smooth  and  slippery,  and  gorged  the  pass.  This  ditliculty 
had  collected  here  a  heterogenous  mass  of  the  troops,  who  claimed 
the  right  of  passage  according  to  the  order  of  coming  to  it.  The  log 
was  to  bo  footed,  or  the  water,  of  the  deptli  of  threu  or  four  feet,  must 
be  waded.  There  was  no  alternative.  An  eastern  man,  bare-footed, 
bare-headed,  and  thinly  clad,  lean  and  wretched  from  abstinence,  witl» 
his  musket  iti  hand,  passed  the  log  immediately  before  mo.  His  foot 
slip[)ed,  and  lie  fell  several  feet  into  tlie  water.  We  passeil  on  regard- 
less of  his  fate.  Even  liis  immediate  friends  and  conu-adcs,  i,iany  of 
whom  were  on  the  log  at  tlio  same  moment,  did  not  deign  to  lend  him 
an  assisting  band.  Death  stared  us  in  tlie  face.  I  gave  him  a  Hincoio 
sigli  at  parting,  for  to  lose  my  place  in  the  file,  might  have  been  fatal. 
This  pitiable  being  died  in  tho  wilderness.  The  Jiard  fate  of  many 
others  might  be  recapitulated,  but  the  dreadful  talo  of  incidents,  if 
truly  told,  would  merely  pervo  to  lacerate  the  heart  of  pity,  and  har- 
row up  the  feelings  of  tho  soul  of  benevolence.  Tears  many  years 
since,  have  often  wetted  my  cheeks,  when  recollecting  the  disasters  of 
that  unfortunate  campaign,  tho  memorable  exit  of  my  dearest  friends, 
and  of  many  worthy  fellow-citizens,  whoso  wort'.i  at  this  time,  is  eni- 
halmed  solely  in  tho  breastsof  their  survivingassocia'es.  Seven  died 
sheerly  from  famine;  and  many  others  by  disorders  arising  from  hard 
service  in  thu  wilderness. 


103 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


K  II 


1     ,i 


it  was  presumed  that  all  our  party  were  up.  We  were  on  th« 
|)oint  of  entering  the  marsh,  when  some  one  cried  out  "War- 
ner is  not  here.'''  Another  said  he  had  "sat  down  sick  under  a 
tree,  a  few  miles  back."  His  wife  begging  us  to  wait  a  short 
lime,  with  tears  of  alT«iction  in  her  eyes,  ran  back  to  lier  hus- 
})an(l.  Wo  tarried  an  hour.  They  came  not.  Entering  the 
pond,  (Simpson  foremost,)  and  brealving  the  ice  here  and  there 
with  the  buts  of  our  guns  and  feet,  as  occasion  required,  we 
were  soon  waist  deep  in  the  mud  antl  water.  As  is  generally 
the  case  with  youths,  it  came  to  my  mind,  that  a  better  path 
might  bo  found  that  than  of  the  more  elderly  guide.  Attempt- 
ing tills,  in  a  trice  the  water  cooling  my  armpits,  made  me 
gladly  return  into  the  fde.  Now  Mrs.  Qrier  had  got  before 
me.  My  mind  was  humbled,  yet  astonished,  at  the  exertions 
of  this  good  wonum.  Her  clothes  more  than  waist  high,  she 
wailed  before  me  to  the  firm  ground.  No  one  so  long  as  she 
was  known  to  u.s,  dnred  to  intimate  a  disrespectful  idea  of 
her.  Her  husband,  who  was  an  excellent  soldier,  was  on 
duty  in  Hendricks'  boat,  which  had  proceeded  to  the  discharge 
of  the  lake  with  lieutenant  M'Cleland.  Arriving  at  firm 
ground,  and  waiting  again  for  our  companions,  we  then  set 
off,  and  in  a  march  of  several  miles,  over  a  scrubby  and  flat 
plain,  arrived  at  a  river  flowing  from  the  east  into  the  Chau- 
diere  lake.  This  we  passed  in  a  batteau,  which  the  prudence 
of  colon<d  Arnold  had  stationed  here,  for  our  accommodation  ; 
otherwise  wo  must  have  swam  the  stream,  which  was  wide  and 
deep.  In  a  short  time  we  came  to  another  river  flowing  from 
the  same  quarter,  still  deeper  and  wider  than  the  former. 
Here  we  found  a  batteau,  under  the  superintendency  of  capt. 
DearVjorne,  in  which  we  passed  the  river.  We  skirted  the 
river  to  its  mouth,  then  passed  along  the  margin  of  the  lake 
to  the  outlet  of  Chaudiere,  where  we  encamped  with  a  hetero- 
geneous mass  of  the  army.  It  was  soon  perceived,  that  the 
French  term  Chaudiere,  was  most  aptly  applied  to  the  river 
l)elow  us.  Indeed  every  part  of  it,  which  came  under  our  view, 
until  we  arrived  at  the  "first  hou.se"  in  Canada,  miglit  well  l)e 
termed  a  caldron  or  boiler,  which  is  the  import  of  its  French 
name.  It  is  remarkable  of  this  river,  and  which,  to  me,  distin- 
guishes it  from  all  others  I  hud  seen,  that  for  GO  or  70  miles,  it 
is  a  continued  rapid,  without  any  apparent  gnp  or  passage ; 
even  for  a  canoe.  Every  boat  we  put  into  tlio  river,  was  stove 
in  one  part  or  other  of  it.  Captain  Morgan  lost  all  his  boats, 
and  the  life  of  a  much  valued  soldier.  With  difficulty  he  saved 
his  own  life  and  the  treasiiri>  committed  to  his  care.  Arnold, 
accompanied  by  Steele,  an«l  John  M.  Taylor,  and  a  few  otliers, 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


103 


in  a-  boat,  were  in  the  advance  of  the  army.     He   may  have 
tlesoendecl  in  a  boat,  it  is  most  likely  he  did.  * 

On  the  morning  of  the  2d  of  November,  we  set  off  from  the 
Chaudiero  lake,  and  liungered,  as  to  my  own  particular,  almost 
to  death.  What  witli  the  supplies  to  Shaelfer,  and  my  own 
appetite,  food  of  any  kind,  with  me,  had  become  a  nonentity. 
My  own  sufferings,  in  the  twosucceeding  marches,  from  particu- 
lar causes,  were  more  than  ordinarily  severe.  My  mockasins 
had,  many  days  since,  been  worn  to  shreds  and  cast  aside  :  My 
shoes,  though  they  had  been  well  sewed  anil  lutherto  stuck 
together,  now  began  to  give  way,  and  that  in  the  very  worst 
part,  (the  upright  seam  in  the  lieel. )  For  one  to  save  his  life, 
must  keep  his  station  in  the  rank— The  moment  that  was  lost 
as  nature  and  reason  dictate,  the  following  soldier  assumed 
his  place.  Thus,  once  thrown  out  of  the  file,  the  unfortunate 
wretch  must  await  the  passage  t»f  many  men,  until  a  chasm, 
towards  the  rear,  happened  to  open  for  his  admission.  This 
explanation  will  answer  some  questions  which  you  might  nat- 
urally put.  Why  did  you  not  sew  it?  Why  did  you  not  tie  the 
shoe  to  your  foot?  If  there  had  been  awl,  and  thread,  and 
strings  at  command,  which  there  was  not,  for  t?Jie  causes  above 
stated,  one  dared  not  have  done  either,  as  the  probable  con- 
sequences would  ensue,  "Death  by  hunger  in  a  dreary  wilder- 
ness," For  man  when  thrown  out  of  society  is  the  most  helpless 
of  God's  creatures.  Hence  you  may  form  a  conception  of  the 
intolerable  labour  of  the  march.  Every  step  taken  thehe«!lof 
the  foot  slipped  out  of  the  shoe :  to  recover  the  position  of  the 
foot  in  the  shoe,  andat  the  same  time  to  stride, was  hardlabour, 
and  exhausted  my  strength  to  an  unbearable  degree.  You 
must  remember  that  this  march  was  not  performed  on  the 
level  surface  of  the  parade,  but  over  precipitous  hills,  deep 
gullies,  and  even  without  the  path  of  the  vagrant  savage  to 
guide  us.  Thus  we  proceeded  till  towards  mid  day,  the  pale 
and  meagre  looks  of  my  companions,  tottering  on  their  foeble 
limbs,  corresponding  with  my  own.  My  friend  Simpson,  who 
saw  my  enfeebled  condition  and  the  cause,  prevailed  with  the 
men  to  rest  themselves  a  few  minutes.  IJark,  the  only  succed" 
aneum  for  twine,  or  leather,  in  this  miserable  country,  was  im- 
mediately procured  and  the  shoe  bound  tightly  to  the  foot. 
Then  marching  hastily,  in  the  course  of  an  hour  or  more,  we 
came  within  view  of  a  tremendous  catnract  in  tiie  river,  from 
Vi  to  20  feet  high.  The  horror  this  sight  gave  us,  fearing  for 
the  safety  of  our  friends  in  the  boats,  was  aggravated,  when 
turning  the  point  of  a  steep  cragg,  we  met  those  very  friends, 

*  June  20th,  1809.    John  M.  Taylor  tella  me,  that  they  descended  by 
land. 


■  i 


1 


104 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


having  lost  all  but  tlieir  lives,  Hitting  around  n  Are  on  the 
shore.  Oh  (rod!  wliat  were  our  sensations!  Poor  M'CIeland, 
flrst  lieutenant  of  Hendricks',  and  for  whose  accommodation 
the  boat  wasi  most  particularly  carried  across  the  mountain, 
was  lying  at  the  fire;  he  beckoned  to  us  — His  voice  was  not 
audible,  i)lacing  my  ear  close  to  his  lips,  the  word  ho  uttered 
scarcely  articulate,  was  "  Farewell."  Simpson,  who  loved  him, 
gave  him  half  of  the  pittance  of  food  which  he  still  possessed  ; 
all  I  could  was— a  tear.  The  short,  but  melancholy  story,  of 
this  gentleman,  so  far  as  it  has  come  to  my  knowledge,  may  be 
detaileil  in  a  few  words.  He  had  resided^in  the  Juniata  at  the 
time  he  was  commissioned.  My  knowledge  of  him  commenced 
in  the  camp  near  Boston.  He  was  endowed  with  all  those 
qualities  which  win  the  alTections  of  men.  Op6n,  brave,  sincere, 
and  a  lover  of  truth.  On  the  "Dead  river,"  the  variable 
weather  brought  on  a  cold  which  aflfected  his  lungs.  The  ten- 
derness of  his  friends,  condticted  him  safely,  though  much  re- 
duced, to  the  foot  of  the  mountain,  at  the  head  of  the  "  Dead 
river."  Hence  he  was  borne  in  a  litter  across  the  mountain  by 
men.  If  you  had  seen  the  young,  yet  venerable  capt.  Hend- 
ricks, bearing  his  share  of  this  loved  and  patriotic  burthen, 
across  the  plain  to  our  camp,  it  would  have  raised  esteem,  if 
not  attect ion,  towards  him.  From  our  camp,  M'CIeland  was 
transported,  in  the  boat,  to  the  place  where  we  found  him.  The 
crew,  conducting  the  boat,  though  worthy  men  and  well  ac- 
quainted with  such  kind  of  navigation,  knew  nothing  of  this 
river.  They  descended  vmaware  of  the  pitch  before  them,  until 
they  had  got  nearly  into  the  suck  of  the  falls.  Here,  luckily, 
a  rock  presented,  on  which  it  was  so  contrived  us  to  cause  the 
boat  to  lodge.  Now  the  crew,  with  great  labor  and  danger, 
bore  their  unfortunate  lieut.  to  the  shore,  where  we  found  him. 
We  passeil  on,  fearful  for  oui*  own  lives.  Coming  to  a  long 
sandy  beach  of  the  Chaudiere,  for  we  sometimes  had  such  : 
some  men  of  our  company  were  observed  to  dart  from  the  file, 
and  with  their  nails,  tear  out  of  the  sand,  roots  which  they  es- 
teemed eatable,  and  ate  them  raw,  even  without  washing. 
Languid  and  woi'-bcgone,  as  your  father  was,  it  could  not  but 
create  a  smile,  to  observe  the  whole  line  watching  with  "  Argus 
eyes."  the  motions  of  a  few  men,  who  knew  the  indications 
in  the  sand  of  those  roots.  The  knowing  one  sprung,  half  a 
dozen  followed,  he  who  grabbed  it,  eat  the  root  instantly. 
Though  hunger  urged,  it  was  far  from  me  to  contend  in  that 
way  with  powerful  men,  such  as  those  were.  Strokes  often  oc- 
curred. 

During  this  day's  march,  (about  10  or  11,  A.  M. )  myshoe  hav- 
ing given  away  again,  we  came  to  a  fire,  where  were  some  of 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUKHKC. 


105 


captain  Thayer,  or  Tophaiu'H  men.  Simpson  was  in  front, 
trudging  after,  Klipsliotl  ami  tired,  I  sat  df)\vn  on  the  end  of  a 
long  log,  against  whicl;  the  fire  was  Imilt,  absolutely  fainting 
with  hunger  and  fatigue,  my  gun  standing  In-tween  my  knees. 
Seating  myself,  that  very  ivt  gave  a  <'ast  to  the  kettle,  which 
was  placed  partly  against  tlie  log,  in  such  a  way,  as  to  spill 
two-thirds  of  its  contents.  At  the  moment  a  large  man 
sprung  to  his  gun,  and  pointing  it  towards  m«',  ho  threatened 
to  shoot.  It  created  no  fear;  his  life  was  with  much  more  cer- 
tainty in  my  power.  Death  would  have  been  a  welcome  vis- 
itor. Simpson  soon  made  us  friends.  Coming  to  tlieir  fire,  they 
gave  mo  a  cup  of  thtsir  broth.  A  table  spoonful,  was  all  that 
was  tasted.  It  had  a  greenish  hue,  and  was  said  tobethatof 
a  bear.  Tliis  was  instantly  known  to  be  untrue,  from  the 
taste  and  smell.  It  was  that  of  a  dog.  He  was  a  large  black 
Newfoundland  dog,  belonging  to  Thayer,  and  very  fat.  We  left 
these  merry  fellows,  for  they  were  actually  such,  maugre  all 
their  wants,  and  marching  quickly,  towards  eveningencamped  : 
We  had  a  good  fire,  but  no  food.  To  me  the  world  had  lost 
its  charms.  CJladly  would  death  have  been  received  as  an 
auspicious  herald  from  the  Divinity.  My  privations  in  every 
way,  were  such  as  to  produce  a  willingness  to  die.  Without 
food,  without  clothing,  to  keep  me  warm,  without  money,  and 
in  a  deep  and  devious  wilderness,  the  idea  occurred,  and  the 
means  were  in  my  hands,  of  ending  existence.  The  God  of  all 
goodness  inspired  other  thoughts.  One  principal  cause  of 
change  (under  the  fostering  hand  of  Providence)  in  my  senti- 
ments, was  the  jovial  hilarity  of  my  friend  Simpson.  At  night, 
warmingour  bodies  at  an  immense  fire,  our  compatriot.^  joined 
l)romiscuously  around— to  animate  the  company,  he  would  sing 
"Plato;"'  his  sonorous  voice  gave  spirit  to  my  heart,  and  the 
morality  of  the  t'ong,  consolation  to  my  mind.  In  truth  the 
music,  though  not  so  correct  as  that  of  Handel,  added  strength 
and  vigour  to  our  nerves.  This  evening  it  was,  that  some  of 
our  companions,  whose  stomachs  had  not  received  food,  for 
the  last  forty-eight  hours,  adopted  the  notion,  that  leather, 
though  it  had  been  manufactured,  might  l)e  made  palatable 
food,  and  would  gratify  the  aj)petite.  ()i)serving  their  dis- 
course, to  me  the  experiment  Ix'came  a  matter  of  curiosity. 
They  washed  their  mockasins  of  moose-skin,  in  the  first  place, 
in  the  river,  scraping  away  the  dirt  and  sand,  with  great  care. 
These  were  brought  to  the  kettle  and  boiled  a  considerable 
time,  under  (he  vague,  but  consolatory  hope,  that  a  mucilage 
would  take  place.  The  boiling  over,  the  f)oor  fellows  chewed 
the  leather,  but  it  was  leather  still :  not  to  Hi  macerated.  My 
teeth,  though  young  and  good,  succeeded  no  better.  Discon- 
solate and  weary,  we  passed  the  night. 


!' 


ft.! 


;    I'.': 


'I 


100 


HKNUY'S  JOURNAL. 


N<)voiiil)«r3(l.  W«furos(M'iirly,  Imiijjur  impelling,  and  inarchod 
rai)i(lly.  After  noon,  on  Ji.  point  on  the  Imnk  of  tlie  river, 
some  one  pretentled,  he  dehcribed  the  "  lirst  honse,"  ten  miles 
o(T.  Not  lonjif  lifter  another  djsci'iiied  a  )>oiit  eonung  towards 
ns,  und  tnniiii^  u  point,  of  land  prt^sently,  ull  pereeived  ctittle 
•  Irivinj^  np  the  sliore.  Tlu-Si'  «Mr«'innsta.nceK,  gave  occasion  to 
a  feeble  hn/za  of  joy,  from  those  who  saw  these  idn^erfnl  and 
••nlivfUiing  sights.  We  wt're  n<iw  treading  a  wide  and  stony 
b.'aeh  of  (he  river.  Bndih,  onr  captain,  who  at  this  nionuuit 
hap[K'ned  to  be  in  conniany,  <'lated  witli  the  jirospect  of  a  sup- 
ply of  food,  in  the  jo  '  of  his  heart,  perha|»s  thoughtlessly,  .said 
to  me,  "take  this  Henry."  It  was  gladly  re(M!ive<l.  Opeidng 
tlie  paper,  whiidi  had  been  neatly  foldeti,  there  appeared  a 
hand's  breadth  and  length  of  bacon-fat,  of  an  inch  thick; 
thoughtlessly,  it  was  eaten  greedily,  inattentive  to  all  former 
rule,  and  t  UanUs  to  (rod,  did  nie  noliarm.  Iltire  it  Was  that  for 
the  lirst  time,  Aaron  iJurr,  a  most  amiabl(>  youth  of  twenty, 
came  to  my  view.  He  then  was  a  cadet.  It  will  require  a 
most  cogent  evidene«\  to  convinct*  my  nund,  that  he  ever  in- 
tendt'd  any  ill  to  his  country  of  late  years,  by  his  various  spec- 
ulations. Though  dilTering  in  p«Mitical  opinion  from  him,  no 
reason  has  as  yet  been  laid  before  n:e,  to  induce  a  belief,  that 
he  Avas  traitorous  to  his  country.  H(<wever,  take  this  as  the 
way  wanl  ideas  of  a  person  totally  excluded  from  a  knowledge 
of  the  secrets  of  tlie  cabinet  ;  who  was  sonniwhat  attentive  to 
its  operations,  so  far  as  newspaper  information  can  elucidate. 

We  marched  as  hastily  as  our  wearied  and  feeble  limbs  could 
admit,  hopinsr  soon  to  share  in  something  like  an  nbysinian 
fejist.  The  curvatures  of  the  river,  had  deceived  us  in  the  cal- 
culation of  distance.  It  as  many  hours  ere  we  came  to 
place  of  slaughter.  We  found  a  fire,  but  no  provision,  except 
a  small  quantity  of  oaten  meal,  resembling  in  grit,  our  chopped 
rye.  8imps«)n  warmed  some  of  this  in  water,  and  ate  with 
gout.  To  mo  it  was  nauseous-  this  may  have  been  owing  to 
the  luncheon  from  Smith's  hoard.  The  French  men  told  ns, 
that  those  who  preceded,  had  devoureil  the  very  entrails  of 
the  cattle.  One  of  the  eastern  men,  as  we  came  to  the  fire, 
was  gorging  the  last  bit  of  the  colon,  half  rinsed— half  broiled. 
It  may  hs  said,  he  ate  with  pleasure,  as  he  tore  it  as  a  hungry 
dog  would  tear  a  haunch  of  meat.  We  soon  encamped  for  the 
night,  cheered  by  the  hope  of  succor. 

November  4th.  About  two  o'clock,  P.  M.  we  arrived  at  a 
largestream  comingfrom  theeast, which  werantiirongh,thotigh 
more  than  mid  deep.  This  was  the  most  chilling  bath  we  had 
hitherto  received:  the  weather  was  raw  and  cold.  It  was  the 
17th,  and  the  harshest  of  my  birth-days.     Within  a  few  hundred 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUKHEC. 


107 


yards  of  tlio  river,  stood  tin*  "  Hrst  lions*;'' in  (^'tiiiuda:  \v«  up- 
proaolied  it  in  tiXtac-y,  siini  of  btfiii^;  rHJiHved  from  duatli,  by 
t^1(^  means  of  famine  Many  of  onr  <M>m|)atriots  wero  iinavvare 
of  tiiat  death,  \viii(!i>  arises  from  sudden  repletion.  Tin;  inrtive 
spirit  of  Arnold,  wilii  sneli  at)l(!  assistants  as  John  ^f.  Taylor 
and  Steele,  had  laid  in  a  {^reat  stock  of  provisions.  The  im>n 
were  fnnous,  voracious,  niu\  insatiable.  Three  starvations  had 
taught  me  wisdom.  My  friends  took  my  adviire.  Hut,  not- 
withstanding the  irrefragable  arguments  tlu!  officers  used  to 
insure  moderation,  the  men  were  outrageous  upon  the  sub- 
j(ict,  theij  had  no  comprehension  of  such  reiisoning.  A  Penn- 
sylvania German  of  our  company,  a  good  and  orderly  sohlier, 
who,  from  myafTt'ction  towards  him,  I  watched  like  another 
doctor  ]*edro  Positive;  yet  all  representation  and  rea.soinng 
on  my  part,  ha<j  m.<  iniluence.  lioiled  beef,  hot  bread,  pota- 
toes, l>oiled  and  r<j  isted,  w(;rtt  gormandi/.ed  without  stint.  He 
8e«!med  to  defy  d<  >itli,  for  the  mere  enjoy njent  of  present  grati- 
fication, an<l  died  two  days  after.  Many  of  the  men  sickened. 
If  not  mu«'h  mistaken,  we  losi  three  of  f)ur  company,  by 
their  imprudence  on  this  occasion  Th(>  immediate  extension 
of  the  stomach  by  food,  after  a  luiisrHiy  fast,  operates  a  more 
Hudden  extinction  of  life,  than  the  total  absence  of  aliment. 
At  this  place,  we,  for  the  (irst  time,  iiad  the  pleasure  of  seeing 
the  worthy  and  respt'ctable  Indian,  Natanis,  and  his  brother 
Sabatis,  with  some  others  of  their  tribe,  (the  Al)enaquis. ) 
Lieutenant  Steele  told  us,  that  when  he  first  arrived,  Nataids 
came  to  him,  in  an  abrupt  l)nt  friendly  manner,  and  gave  him 
a  cordial  shake  by  the  hand,  intimating  a  previous  personal 
knowledge  of  him.  When  we  came,  he  approached  Cunning- 
ham. Boyd,  and  myself,  and  shook  hands  in  the  wny  of  an  old 
•acquaintance.  We  now  learned  iroui  him,  that  on  the  even- 
ing when  we  first  encamped  on  the  "  Dead-river,"  (September 
29th)  in  our  first  ascension,  he  lay  within  view  of  our  camp, 
and  so  continued  daily  and  nightly  to  attend  our  voyage, 
until  the  path  presented,  which  led  directly  into  Canada.  Tliis 
he  took;  to  the  question,  "Why  did  you  not  speak  to  your 
friends?  He  readily  answered,  and  truly,  "You  would  liave 
killed  me."  This  was  most  likely,  as  our  prejudices  against 
him  had  been  most  strongly  excited,  and  we  had  no  limit  in  our 
orders,  as  to  this  devoted  persf)n.  He,  his  brother  Sabatis, 
and  seventeen  other  Indians.  th(i  nephews  and  friends  of  Na- 
tanis, inarched  with  us  to  Quebec.  In  the  attack  of  that  place, 
on  the  morning  of  the  first  of  .Tanuary  following,  Natanis,  re- 
ceived a  musquet  ball  through  his  wrist.  He  adopted  a  chirur- 
gery,  which  seemed  extraordinary,  at  the  time,  and  quite  new 
but  whichnowseemstome,  tobethatofnature  itself.     He  drew 


: 


n^ 


UlvNUN  M  lnn»N  \l, 


^VV\>s\N\\>M  ,    \N>^t      |i»^\\(*h\\     rtH<>»1»VU     \U'«»>l\lU(|tM\     \\\\\\     \\\\\\\\\\U\\\A\ 

\^\>^^\t  \s\  \\\A\i\s\^  \\\  w\'\\\M  \\t\\'^}\\v  ^\nM\\^\  >nn  t*vh«»u(t«t     '|\>  hit 

^NN\>'  t>-<0H*^A.  \\h«s  \\<\\>*  i^nU  \\\  \\\\^  \\\\\\\^V\\\''f*n     Hu\(il\  !U\il  M|ni|« 
\\\'^i\\n:    K>'>'y^y\y       iSiWiW*    tVx»nV\\     ^>\'\s>M\VO>\     l|\V>>     \u\\Uh      huUiU»«v 

\S<NVA'i>Ntst  \^^>'^h»Uk  1\\*MV  ^><^vl\  \\rt»»K  »MM\<>0  »»>4fUMH(  \\\,\  nt  )'|i>i 
t">»\x^  <\<  \MV>v  lihf'*  ^^•'KMNMy*.  \vrt\'i  oV  o>u  hi|x»v\  .  \ht*  xouutt  <i»«My, 
,\rt  t\N  'iihv^  fN'^U.  A^>«\  \N»\  vho  i^\tMy<nu  »\'f  th«>  i\\\\y\  Atw .  iM.mnhi 

yv>A«^«^  i^  r)tN^\>  j^M>^  \x^^'*  \M>\'^oh  u\sn\  \u\  <^rtvj\  \m  \iuU\M*h,  which 

t%«^   v»*«Mi>m«i-  xM"  th»">  »^ih    V<>\    w.^  u>»uvho«<    \\\   »t«-n>trthMn' 
^iii/v^  th\N>n«^  A   rti*t  j*«ti  v<oh   »v^«uUn,  i«pvh\Kh>il,  it  uHuhl 

>?\v^  >^^>n  A»<t  »h*^  A  oh«\vJ  oAmo  in  Miiht ;  Im\(  \uoii»  ft*,'- 
^w^owtK  tW  rn^V.  ^nt  )vt,\ws  <>ni(.<«t<^^U!(  wt  (ho  suiY.Miuiirf*  of  our 
^^x-svjiT,  Ai>.^  iW  ivMVP^  of  I  ho  \n^i>»  Thoso  thii»>fs  oiN>nt«>iJ 
5««wr»iy<  4»t  )o*!»r  in  w>  wiiu^.  for  \\h*»»v  I  tbott^jhl  lho<^M'«MiM 
W  )itlk> *><WrtHAt^  l^*rtvlri«^.>^v  fount!  civUutst  nu>»».  \\\  u  oon»- 


HAMPAIMM    AMAINMI'  «^(l  (')MM(, 


HtU 


llitiiM  nT  I'h  II  HM|.|i.h        rid'dv't,  (iIm)i(«  ;vh|/h  W,"  inmi  inn ,  hi 

lltiM  iImv'^  MtMtfll,  llMflHHH  In  iltlMlf'Ml    |MlM  (KM    fp(l(l<v       ((    ItHUt 
MiMVhtl  III  M  tli<t>|iM(Hl  (lIlllHUl  nl||h||l<H*«MII'l<>l|>      V»I(/'K<  Miy  *()«></«>• 
I  llllil|i»4  |>it\  i<  till'  II   ^  IkM'       Mill  MliMll<lltlHl|M|M<<H:  s<'ii't  ^if  Ml  lOihi  thi\ 

In  j\  I  It  til  I  IIIMIII  til  I  ||l<  |(M«|  (l)M  J  \M-  Ml  I  IvMI  lit  I  Ik-  <)M((I  I«  I>i  III 
/SIIImIiI,  M.  hImMhII  IlK  llMll  IiiUmi  hil  llli>  |«lll|IM»ll«  Iff  ll«tll|M|/  IfM'l 
KHtltHlh  l»t||    M»t«    wIimIc  (if  Mill    ».||lM<'ll((((i   Willi   Wh«l(t(.tl|M>t    htlllfmi 

\Vii  \V)'ln  iiMw  |ii<i  liiifiM  Hill  I  V  liillf'"   llHiii    (ifiliil    |//'vl,    wlih'lf    M 
HM  I  lit'  Ml    I  ,iMvit.|iftv  II  hi  I  mill  Iv  (i|i(  11  It'll/  |<(  </iii.|((.»-      Niiw  iiH¥ 
»l»M«u  liMtl  "  hlt.liilM  III  I. Kill  I  "     AMitiltl,  mIiki.  wf  \>\\  Mil.  "  fw<«lv*> 
IMIIk  ••itl'I'vtiUt    (iliii'"',"   lilt'    IiimI     IIiiii.,    IimiI,    (liwt'lV^t/lv,    \hUiU 

Mll'flhll'1  II  (;  It  It  If,   III  1 11  Ith  IIII'MM  ;  III  I' I  lit-  I  lilt  I  \lhlli\{\h  It  UUllI  lit  ll\lt 

ilti  i>iiiM|i  liK  Miiti,  !(•  riitv  it«)  iiiiiii,  M  t-MiiDfli'iii  III!  (firiii  Jiihti 
M.  'I'ii\  Ittr.  Itioit  Mini    liiijil  MM  nil  li|tt|i(^M>v  li'itiii'l,  ¥/an  ttf  nut 

l'tini|llMM  ,    Iw'llllr    It     Ii'ImIv    |il<lllltlllt     IIImI     t>l|fl>llMll     Ill-OOIIIthUtt 
lilt   WIIM    III     llllfl.     i>^mIIi>i|,    lly    lIlK    n|||(.Wt|    lllltl   (||<4M.| /l(f((>  /v''  ''^ 


AlMttlll,    111     I  l|i<   llHll'MM  lif     tllM'VMV'll'    MICI    (''iIMImI.m.iii 


Wt.    Irml 


hit    iIImI  llii'l  liiliM    III    iilllfi..  Mi'i)li'i-lv  Miiv  Iff    iMIil:,    III    Hnmh    tittv^/ 

niif  Mi|iiiiil,  III  iiiiMii'i|iii'iii'».,  i-)tiM»'  li'.|(|lv  Ufi  Ui  hiiiiUfiimlt'i-u, 
lliitiiMli  \vi>  fiiiiit'  iiitl  iiHw  liilti  III'  It  |>iiMi'iM'i<  Ml'><-I<',  wifiiwnn 
III  wmIHiiii,  |iiillilti||  III  IliK  m|iiii|(Ii|i<|'  iMriMn.,  /«  liiliKlr/</|  yttrtfi 
•  INIiiiil  'riilllit'i  \vi>  wt'iil ,  i|i-t  I'l  iiiIiimI  III  Iiii|iil^«.  tti'ti-  \f/tt 
ritiiiiil  iiiir  1 1  ImihI  Tit  vl'ii .  wdiilt'il  iiImii'mI  |»(  iImiHi,  in  lU'tiUtnf 
iinl    llit>   HtiMli'itttiti'M  111'    Mil.   lit  /illi(.m      Wllli'Mii  liv(»<>  Ic.l'' <rr 

flnillllllttt'lH  lull,     lll>    t^lt  Vl<    ll<l  MM     lllllliv    |IMllf|l|>4   l.r      ill'lt   uhliU'-l.     h*i 

U  ii  nliiiMi"  III  I'lil'i'V        I'i'iii'i'i'illtii;   lollic  ii«f|   Itoiim.,  ),   inlih  iiilnw 

HIIIIlK   llMK   III'     lltK     IHtl'll      lll'I'llllll'     Ifiiik  (hi'ifl      l>|"M/|     MM'I      fiithi 

IttI'M,  Willi  I  III-  ltl'tli||l(l||l|  VIIMMI  ..f  liix.f  hIm,I<I  ,  |MI>(|||M>||  ,1,  ufi'/l/f/ 
tlllWll        Ml<llltVlllU    IIIVMlll    Mill    III    'llllll^M    rimil  MffV  MtU^fyrf^llrMiry 

liii|iilu)>iii'i> iif  iiti|ii<lllt>,  iliMi|iii<  i|iiiiiiiity  v/ni*i'in>itftU<i\.  nht\  v^^K 
Itt'llt'VK  iiii<,  II  wiiM  iikI  iiiiirn  I  Iimii  Mil  iiiu'Iii.i  lit.  iiii(/|i>  ti  in/,i>>iKfiY 
Ink  IV  W<>  "mill  Iti'i  i(iit»>  "iii'illtli'  '"f  I  li^t  ml  i,(  linfit  iiiii'iii  t<  t  ti*i 
lltliri'li  III'  llii>  itl'l  Ki'ii'Miii  wim  M  titill  nii'l  Ih'M,vv  ittit-,  A  f«•v^f/|f> 
(hi'IumI  imk  I  liMi'Miitn,  Hi>i*(ii'(llii((  lo  iriy  fi<«i|iii(/H  Mi'i  ni*ini 
MllMKl'itliltt  iiT  liiiiiiMii   IikIiii'TM       MmImi  iiiIiu'iI    ii'.I     |/,  |<i(/    Uthiif't. 


n 


mv    oyi'M,  lit   llitiKM,  I'Miilil   Mi(i,iii.|  V  «||.ti'(  t  fi    till,    wuy.    iit,r    ii 
lt<M'N  till  IImiIi' tillltti).      Wit  tliil  II'  I  MiiiK  h  1'ii.r  tii\^  nthrtiittffi.      | 
(IiIm   Itltfli    liH  II  iitli<,  It,  wIiiIi'I-'h  iltty  h  VMcy  Mliort    iiri'l    IU<rrti,tc 
TliK  MVitnliiK  Im-uiikIiI   IIIM  h'l  ffiinrurt,  lhnii(^li  w«i  tdojrf  wftrmiy 

III   II.    Ilirill    lllMIMM. 

NtivtitiiliMi' 71  li.  'I'JMt  iii-iiiy  it'iw  IxrtMiwi  inio  lunr*^  rfffitlar 
iinil  •'oillpii.rt  ni'iliM',  III  till'  Hint  iiliii<  lH'i'My  f'lirly,  wf  fit'if:4-fili-4\. 
Alittiil,  iioiiii  my  illMunJir  liti.<l  Iii'ti'mhciI  h/i  ifit'>l<'rM.Mv,  fh/it  f 
itoillil  liol  pill  II  riMil  forwiiiil.  Ki'M.Mii«  iriytwlf  tiftun  n  \',y^  st.1 
(lii«  wii,y  mIiIm,  lilt"  liMMtpM  pHHN'il  (.11.      Ill  I iiM  r«?ur  fntm:   ,\nn,u\ 


I 


■1 


■!''i 


110 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


on  horseback.  He  know  my  nanio  and  character,  and,  good 
naturedly,  inquired  after  my  healtli.  Being  informed,  he  dis- 
mounted, ran  down  to  the  river  side,  and  liailed  the  owner  of 
tlie  house,  wliich  stood  opposite  across  the  water.  The  good 
Canadian,  in  his  canoe,  quickly  arrived.  Depositing  my  gun 
and  accoutrements  in  the  hands  of  one  of  our  men,  who 
attended  upon  me,  and  hail  been  disarmed  by  losing  his  rifle 
in  some  one  of  the  wreckings  above,  and  Arnold  putting  two 
silver  dollars  into  my  hands,  the  Frenchman  carried  me  to  his 
house.  Going  to  bed  with  a  high  fever  upon  me,  I  lay  all  this 
and  the  following  day  without  tasting  food.  That  hadbeen  tha 
cause  of  the  disease,  its  absence  became  the  ctire. 

The  morning  of  the  third  day,  (tOtli  Nov. )  brought  me  health. 
The  mistress  of  the  house,  who  liad  been  very  attentive  and 
kind,  asked  me  to  breakfast.  This  humble,  but  generous  meal, 
consisted  of  a  bowl  of  milk,  for  the  guest,  with  excellent  bread. 
The  fare  of  the  family  was  this  same;  bread,  garlic,  and  salt— I 
had  observed,  that  this  was  the  usual  morning's  diet,  for  I  lay 
in  the  stove-room,  where  the  family  ate  and  slept.  This  worthy 
family  was  composed  of  seven  persons;  the  parents  in  the 
prime  of  life,  and  five  charming  ruddy  children,  all  neatly  and 
warmly  clothinl  in  woolen,  apparently  of  their  own  manufac- 
tory. You  might  suppose,  from  the  manner  of  their  living, 
that  these  persons  were  poor.  No  such  thing.  .  They  were  in 
good  circumstances.  Their  house,  barn,  stabling,  &c.  were 
warm  ami  comfortable,  and  their  diet  such  as  js  universal 
among  the  French  peasantry  of  Canada.  Proffering  my  two 
dollars  to  this  hotiest  man,  he  rejected  them  with  something 
like  disdain  in  his  countenance,  intimating  to  me  that  he  had 
merely  obeyed  the  dictates  of  religion  and  hunuinity.  Tears 
lllled  my  eyes  when  I  took  iny  leave  of  these  amiabl(>  jieopU'. 
iixit  they  had  not  even  yet  done  enough  for  me.  The  father 
Insisted  on  attending  me  to  th((  ferry  some  miles  off,  where 
tlui  river  takes  a  turn  almost  due  north,  to  meet  the  St.  Law- 
rence. Here  my  worthy  'lost  procured  me  a  v)assage  ncoitfrec, 
observing  to  me  my  money  might  be  required  before  the  army 
could  b(!  overtaken.  Landing  on  the  north  bank  of  the  river, 
the  way  could  not  \w  mistaken,  tlui  track  of  the  army  had 
strongly  marked  the  route.  To  me  it  was  a  most  gloomy  and 
solitary  march.  Not  a  soul  was  to  be  seen  in  the  course  of  ten 
miles.  I^eing  without  arms,  and  in  an  unknown  country,  my 
iiK^onsequence,  and  futileness  lay  hea.vy  on  my  spirits.  Here 
and  there  was  a  farm-Mouse,  but  th<*  inhabitants  were  either 
closely  housed  orabsent  from  their  homes.  Afternoon,  arriv- 
ing at  the  quarters  of  our  (company,  my  gun  a,nd  accoutro- 
uieuts  wore  reclaimed  with  ardour,  and  a   solemn    resolution 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEB. 


Ill 


never  to  part  with  them  aj^iiin,  unless  it  happened  by  tlie 
compulsion  of  the  foe.  The  house,  which  the  company  pos- 
sessed, lay  some  hunch'ed^*  of  paces  from  head  quarters,  but 
witliin  view.  Morgan's  quarters  were  nearer.  Where  Hend- 
ricks made  his  lodgment  is  not  now  recollecteil,  but  it  was  at 
no  great  distance. 

On  the  following  day,  (Nov.  11th,)  our  guns  in  order,  a  scene 
opened,  wliich  then  and  now  seems  to  me  to  have  exhibited 
us  in  a  disreputable  i)oin*"  of  view:  it  evinced,  at  least,  tht* 
necessity  of  a  staid  and  sober  conduct  of  the  officer,  as  well  as  a 
strict  subordination  and  obedience  of  the  private.  A  hurried 
and  l)oisterous  report,  came  from  head-quarters,  that  the 
Kritish  were  landing  to  our  left  at  a  mill,  about  a  mile  off. 
Each  one  grasped  his  arni.s.  Morgan  and  the  Indians,  who  lay 
nearest  to  the  commander's  quarters,  were  foremost.  The 
running  was  severe.  The  lagging  Indians,  and  a  variety  of  the 
three  companies,  were  interuungled.  Coming  to  the  brow  of 
the  precipice,  l)ut  still  unseen,  we  perceived  a  boat  landing, 
winch  canu*  from  a  frigates  laying  in  the  stream,  a  mile  below. 
Tht!  boat  came  ashore.  A  youth  sprung  from  it:  The  tide 
ebbing,  the  boatswain  thought  it  better  to  obtain  a  deeper  land- 
ing-place, nearer  the  mill,  and  drew  off.  Morgan,  ai)prehen- 
sive  of  a  discovery  of  our  presence,  tired  at  the  boat's  crew.  A 
volley  ensued  without  harm,pr()l)ably  because  of  the  great  space 
between  us.  They  pulled  o(T  shore,  until  beyond  the  range  of 
our  guns,  leaving  the  midshipman  to  our  mercy.  The  hapless 
youth,  confounded,  unknowing  what  to  do,  plunged  into  the 
river,  hoping  to  regain  his  boat.  His  friends  llyinji  from  him, — 
he  waded,  he  swam,  yet  could  not  reach  the  boat.  At  the  dis- 
tance, pfU'haps,  of  on(^  hundnuland  fifty  yards,  nothing  buthls 
head  above  water,  ashootiug-match  took  place,  and  believe  me, 
the  balls  of  Morgan,  Simpson,  Humphreys,  and  others,  played 
around,  and  within  a  few  in(!h(^sof  his  head.  Even  after  a  laf)se 
of  thirty  ycuirs,  it  gives  me  pain  to  r<'eollect,  that  my  gun  was 
discharged  at  him.  Such,  however,  was  the  savage  ferocity 
engendenul,  in  those  ungracMotis  t  imes,  by  a  devolution  of  the 
ministry  of  the  mother-country,  from  the  true  line  of  conduct 
towards  her  colonies. 

M'Kensie,  (the  name  of  the  young  num.;  seeing  that  hi-i 
boat's  crew  had  deserted  him,  showed  a  desire  to  surrender, 
bv  approaching  the  shore.  The  Ih'iug  ceased.  But  n  still 
more  disgust  ingoe('tirreuct>  than  the  preceding,  followed.  The 
/a//,  condng  towards  the  shore,  evidently  intending  tosubndt, 
Sabatis,  the  Indian,  IIk*  brother  of  Natauis,  sprung  forward, 
scalping  knif(!  in  hand,  seemingly  intending  to  end  the  strift! 
at  a  single  blow.     The  humanity  of  Morgan  and  Humphreys, 


I 


}  i 


«  !' 


113 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


towards  a  succunibeut  foe,  was  excited.  One  or  the  other  of 
them,  it  is  not  now  recollected  which,  in  particular,  by  his 
agility  and  amazing  powers  of  body,  was  enabled  to  precede 
the  Indian  by  several  yards.  This  contest  of  athleticism  was 
observed  from  the  shore,  where  we  were,  with  great  interest. 
Morgan  brought  the  boy  (for  he  was  really  such,)  to  land,  and 
afterwards  esteemed  him,  for  he  merited  the  good  will  of  a 
hero.:  Wet  and  hungry,  we  returned  to  quarters.  Running 
along  the  shore  with  our  prey,  the  Hunter  sloop  of  war  having 
" vjirped  up  for  the  purpose,  pelted  us  all  the  way  with  ball  and 
grape  shot.  It  was  no  easy  matter  to  ascend  the  bank,  which  was 
steep  and  craggy.  Our  prisoner  was  prudently  loquacious,  and 
very  genteel.  He  had  left  the  sloop,  of  which  he  was  a  mid- 
sliipman,  upon  command,  to  procure  spars  and  oars,  which  lay 
in  the  mill.  He  had  ordered  off  the  boat  to  procure  a  better 
landing,  when  our  imprudent  fire  drove  his  people  from  him. 
He  was  the  brother  of  captain  M'Kensie  of  the  Pearl  frigate. 
In  1777,  the  young  M'Kensie  was  again  taken.  I  saw  him  at 
Lancaster,  (Pennsylvania,)  active,  lively,  and  facetious  as 
ever.  During  our  stay  at  point  Levi,  Colonel  Arnold  was 
busily  engage«l.  Being  now  discovered,  it  became  us  to  pa.ss 
the  St.  Lawrence  as  socm  as  possible.  The  main  difficulty  con- 
sisted in  the  procurement  of  boats  or  canoes.  Those  kinds  of 
craft  on  this  part  of  the  river,  had  previously  to  our  arrival, 
been  secured  by  the  vigilance  of  government,  Avhich  it  is 
likely  had  some  intimation  of  an  inroad  in  the  direction  we 
came,  Twenty-flve  canoes,  chieflj'  of  birch  bark,  were  with 
difficulty  procured.  The  command  of  these  was  conferred  upon 
lieutenant  Steele,  who  selected  the  steersm<ui,  of  whom  it  came 
to  me  to  be  one.  The  passage,  if  practicable,  must  be  made 
in  the  night,  and  that  in  the  most  silent  manner,  at  a  time 
the  tide  served. 

lietween  the  hours  of  10  and  11  o'clock,  on  the  night  of  the 
i:Uh  of  November  the  troops  i)araded  on  the  beach,  near  the 
mill  before  mentioned,  Avithout  noise  or  bnstU'.  One  cargo 
was  despatched — then  a  second:  upon  making  the  traverse  a 
third  time,  an  aociilent  happened  to  my  friend  Steele,  Avhich 
you  can  scarcely  credit.  Being  at  a  considerable  distance 
behind  with  his  canoe,  I  could  not,  at  its  occurring,  observe 
the  transaction,  nor  share  in  the  danger,  though  my  life  would 
have  been  willingly  risked  for  his,  and  yet  the  relation  of  this 
fai'l,  is  most  unquestionably  true.  Tlufse  frecpient  assevera- 
tions, may  ai)pear  somewhat  awkward,  and  to  blur  the  detail 
of  our  story;  but  our  suJTerlngs  were  so  extraordinary  in  theh* 
kinds,  and  so  aggravated  l)y  the  nature  of  the  severe  services 
we  underwent,  tha':  now-a-ilays  it  will  require  a  faitli  almost 


!4(i 


',    i 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


118 


approaching  to  oredTility,  to  convince  the  mind  of  their  truth. 
Steele  steered  a  bircli-bark  canoe,  the  weight,  and  it  is  likely 
the  awkwardness  of  the  men,  when  about  the  middle  of  the 
river,  (which  at  this  place  is  fully  two  miles  wide, ;  burst  the 
canoe.  The  men  who  were  in  it,  swam  to,  or  were  taken  up,  by 
tlie  canoes  nearest  to  them.  It  was  otherwise  with  Steele. 
He  was  the  last  to  get  to  a  canoe  under  the  management  of 
tlie  worthy  Wheeler:  but  it  was  full  of  men.  Thei'e  coul<l  be 
no  admittance.  The  steersman  advised,  and  Steele  was  com- 
pelled from  necessity,  to  throw  his  arms  over  the  stern- 
Wheeler,  seating  himself  upon  them,  so  as  to  hold  him  securely, 
for  it  was  a  bleak  and  numbing  night.  Thus,  in  this  manner 
was  this  wortiiy  and  adventurous  oiUcer,  floated  to  the  shore 
at  Wolf's  cove.  Here  there  was  an  uninhabited  house.  A  fire 
had  been  lighted  in  it,  by  some  of  our  i)eople,  who  first  landed. 
It  became  a  pole-star  to  us  in  the  rear,  we  steered  for  it.  liand- 
ing  about  half  an  liour  after  Steele,  we  found  liim  at  the  fire, 
seemingly  cliilled  to  the  heart ;  but  he  was  a  man  not  to  be  dis- 
pirited by  sliglit  matters.  Friction  soon  restored  liim  to  his 
usual' animation.  The  moon,  now  about  three  o'clock,  shone 
brightly,  and  the  tide  ruii  out  rapidly,  so  that  the  passing  of 
tlu^  rest  of  the  troops,  a])out  one  liundred  and  fifty  in  number, 
tliis  night,  was  given  up.  This  circumstance,  of  the  absence, 
of  so  large  a  part  of  our  force,  was  known  but  to  few.  They 
joined  us  on  tlie  following  night.  It  had  1)een  the  intention  of 
our  chief,  to  storm  the  town  this  night ;  but  the  deficiency  of 
our  scaling  ladders,  many  of  which  were  left  beyond  the  river, 
now  repressed  that  design. 

Noveml)er  14th.  The  troops  easily  ascended  the  hill,  by  a 
good  road  cut  in  it  slantingly.  This  was  not  the  case  in  1759, 
when  the  iunuortal  Wolf  mounted  here,  it  was  then  a  steep 
declivity,  enllladed  by  a  host  of  savages,  but  was  surmtmnted 
by  the  eager  and  gallant  spirit  of  our  nation. 

November  Mth,  Arriving  on  tlie  brow  of  the  precipice,  we 
found  oursclvt'S  on  the  plniusof  Abraham,  so  deservedly  famous 
in  story.  The  morning  was  cold,  and  we  wtu-e  thinly  dad. 
While  an  adventurous  party  despatched  by  Arnold,  under  the 
command  of  one  of  Morgan's  lienrenants,  were  examining  the 
walls  of  tlu!  city,  we  were  pacing  the  Plains  to  and  fro,  in  si- 
lence, to  keep  ourselves  warm.  The  winter  had  set  in— a  roUl 
northwester  blew,  with  uncommon  keenness.  IJy  the  time 
the  reconoitring  party  returned,  daylight  was  not  very  distant. 
The  party  ft)und  ev«u*y  thing  towards  the  city,  in  a  state  of  per- 
fect quietness.  This  report  irns  delivered,  in  my  presence,  to 
Morgan,  however,  the  country  may  have  have  been  rei)resente(l 
since.  Not  even  the  cry  of  "  All's  well,"  was  uttered  was  a  part 
8-VOL.  XV. 


i'  i 


114 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


of  their  report,  yet  we  heard  that  cry  from  the  walls,  even 
where  we  were  ;  but  this  in  a  direct  line,  was  nearer  to  us  than 
the  voices  opposite  to  the  party.  This  was  the  happy  moment, 
but  with  our  small  and  disjointed  force,  what  could  be  done? 
There  was  scarcely  more  than  three  hundred  and  fifty  men, 
willing  and  determined  to  l)e  sure,  but  too  few  to  assail  a  fort- 
ress sucli  as  Quebec  is.  If  that  had  been  known  this  night, 
which  Avas  evidenced  in  a  few  days  by  the  fugitives  from  the 
city,  Arnold  would  most  assuredly  have  hazarded  an  attack. 
St.  John's  gate,  which  opens  on  Abraham's  plains,  and  is  a 
most  important  station,  was  unbarred,  nay,  unclosed:  nothing 
but  a  single  cannon  under  the  care  of  a  drowsy  watch,  was 
there  as  a  defence ;  wo  were  not  a  mile  distant,  and  might  have 
entered  unknown,  and  even  unseen.  These  are  uncertain 
opinions,  resting  on  the  vague  reports  of  the  moment,  which 
might  have  been  true,  or  untrue.  My  memory  is,  however, 
fresh  in  the  recollection  of  the  heart-burningsthis  failure  caused 
among  us.  Providence,  for  wise  purposes,  would  have  it  other- 
wise. Near  daylight,  requiring  rest  and  refreshment,  the 
troops  moved  a  mile,  to  a  farm-house  of  liieutenant  fxovernor 
Caldwell's.  This  was  a  great  pile  of  wooden  buildings,  with 
iniinerous  outhouses,  which  testified  the  agricultural  spirit  and 
taste  of  the  owner.  He,  good  soul,  was  tiien  snug  in  Quebec. 
Those  who  came  first,  fared  well,  and  as  luck  would  have  it,  we 
were  of  the  number  :  all  within  and  without  the  house,  became 
a  prey.  Adversity  had  destroyed  in  our  minds,  every  decorous 
or  delicate  sensation,  (iuards  were  stationed  next  the  city. 
Wrapped  in  my  blanket  fearless  of  events,  casting  my  person  on 
the  lloor  of  an  elegant  jjarlour,  I  slept  sweetly  and  soundly 
till  two  in  the  afternoon,  and  then  was  roused  solely  by  a 
cry,  that  the  enemy  was  advancing.  We  flew  to  arms,  and 
rather  in  a  hurried  nu\nner,  run  towards  the  city,  which  was 
nearly  two  miles  ironi  us.  We  saw  no  enemy.  It  turned  out 
that  a  Mr.  Ogden,  a  cadet  from  Jersey,  a  large  and  handsome 
young  man,  in  favor  with  Arnold,  had  been  authorized  to 
])lace  tlie  sentinels  ihal  day.  He  did  })lace  them  most  stupidly. 
George  Merchant,  of  Morgan's,  a  man  who  would  at  any  time, 
give  him  fairplay  lu; ."  .(.id  his  life  dearly,  lie  stationed  in  a 
thicket,  withih  'v  ..  f^  ;  lemy  ;  at  the  time  of  placing  him, 
when  at  his  \)  .  *  "•■!*■.  iit  'f  sight  of  the  garrison;  but  the 
jiiischief  wns  (!m  wi.^ii  '"  r^'uM  not  be  seen,)  hf  could  see  no  one 
approach  ,  he  wns  ta!i.-i>  » \  -!  -lutely  unaware  of  danger.  A  ser- 
geant of  the  "seventh,"  who,  from  the  manner  of  Hie  thing, 
must  havti  Ixmmi  clever,  accompanied  by  a  few  privates,  slily 
creeping  through  the  streets  of  rhf  8ul)urbs  of  St.  John,  and 
then  under  the  cover  of  the  bushes,  sprung  upon  the  devoted 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


115 


Merchant,  even  before  he  had  time  to  cock  his  rifle.  Merchant 
was  a  tall  and  handsome  Virginian.  In  a  few  days,  he,  hunt- 
ing-shirt and  all,  were  sent  to  England,  probably  as  a  linislied 
specimen  of  the  rijteinen  of  the  colonies.  The  government 
there  very  liberally,  sent  him  home  in  the  following  year. 

The  capture  of  Merchant  grieveil  us,  and  brought  lis  within 
a  few  hundred  yards  of  the  city.  Arnold  had  the  boldne.ss,  you 
might  say  the  audacity,  or  still  more  correctly,  tlie  folly,  to 
draw  us  up  in  a  line,  in  front  and  opposite  to  the  wall  of  the 
city.  The  parapet  was  lined  by  hundreds  of  gaping  citizens 
and  soldiers,  whom  our  guns  could  not  harm,  because  of  the 
distance.  They  gave  us  a  huzza!  We  returned  it,  and  remained 
a  considerable  time  huzzaing,  and  spending  our  powder  against 
the  walls,  for  we  liarmed  no  one.  Some  oi  our  men  to  the 
right,  under  the  cover  of  something  like  ancient  ditches  and 
hillocks,  crept  forward  within  two  hundred  yards  of  the  works, 
but  their  firing  was  disregarded  by  the  enemy  as  fai'cicai. 
Febiger,  who  was  a  real  and  well  instructed  sohlier,  and  en- 
gineer, did  advance  singly  within  a  liundred  paces,  and  ])ored 
with  the  eye  of  an  adept.  During  ail  this,  as  my  station  in  the; 
line  hai)pened  to  be  on  a  motmd,  a  few  feel  higher  than  the 
common  Itivel  of  the  plain,  it  was  [)erceptible  through  the 
embrasures  that  there  was  a  vast  bustle  within.  In  some 
minutes  a  thirty-six  pounder  was  let  loose  upon  us;  but  so  ill 
was  the  gun  pointed,  that  the  ball  fell  short,  or  i)assed  high  over 
oijr  heads.  Another,  and  another  succeeded— to  these  salutes, 
we  gave  them  all  we  could,  another  and  another  huzza.  It 
must  l>e  confessed,  that  this  ridiculous  affair,  gave  me  a  con- 
temptible oi)inion  of  Arnold.  This  notion  was  by  no  means 
singular.  Morgan,  Febiger  and  other  ofHcers,  who  had  seen 
service,  did  not  hesitate  to  speak  of  it  in  that  point  of  view. 
However,  Arnold  had  a  vain  desini  to  gratify,  of  which  we  wem 
then  ignorant.  Ht»  was  well  known  at  Quebec.  Formerly,  \w 
had  traded  from  this  port  to  the  West  Indies,  most  particu- 
larly in  the  article  of  horses.  Hence,  he  was  despised  l»y  tli(* 
principal  [leople.  The  epithet  "Horsejockey"'  avms  fr(M>ly  and 
universally  bestowed  upon  him.  by  the  Hritish.  Having  now 
obtained  power,  he  became  anxious  to  dlsi)lay  it  m  the  faces  of 
those,  who  had  formerly  desi)ise(l  and  contemne<l  him.  The 
venerable  Carleton,  an  Irisliman  of  a  most  amiable  and  mild 
character.  Colonel  Maclean,  a  Scotchman,  old  ni  warfart;,  would 
not.  in  any  shai)e,  communicate  with  him.  If  Montgomery 
had  originally  been  our  commander,  matters  might  hav(*  been 
more  civilly  conducted.  This  particularity  in  relating  a  most 
trivial  and  disgusting  occurrence,  arises  from  a  desire,  to  set 
before  you,  a  cautionary  rule,  which  it  will  bo  prudent  for  you 


I 

i 


.11 


116 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


to  observe  in  your  historical  reading.  "Do  not  believe  an 
"author,  unless  the  story  he  relates  be  probable,  accompanied 
"by  such  circumstances  as  might  reasonably  attend  the  trans- 
"  action,  unless  he  is  corroborated  by  others,  who  speak  on  that 
"subject.  '*  Many  of  our  wisest  men,  within  the  colonies,  wrote 
and  spoke  of  this  bravading  as  a  matter  of  moment,  and  with 
much  applause.  Kven  some  of  our  historians,  (Gordon)  have 
given  it  celebrity.  But  a  more  silly  and  boastful  British  his- 
torian, (Amwell)  says  there  was  a<lreadful  cannonade,  by  which 
many  of  the  rebels  were  destroyed.  The  truth  is,  that  this 
day  not  a  drop  of  blood  was  shed,  but  that  of  Governor  Cald- 
well s  horned  cattle,  hogs  and  poultry,  which  run  plentifully. 
After  this  victory  in  huzzaing,  which  was  boys'  play,  and  suited 
me  to  a  hair,  we  returned  to  quarters  to  partake  of  the  good 
things  of  this  world. 

The  next  day,  (Nov.  15th, )  a  scene  of  a  different  kind  openea, 
which  let  us  into  the  true  character  of  Arnold  In  the  wild- 
erness, the  men  had  been  stinted  to  a  pint  of  Hour  l)y  the  day. 
This  scanty  allowance  of  flour  had  been  continued  since  we  had 
come  into  this  plentiful  country.  Morgan,  Hendricks  and 
Smith,  waited  upon  the  commander  in  chief,  to  represent  the 
grievance  and  obtain  redress.  Altercation  and  warm  language 
took  i)lace.  Smith,  Avith  his  usual  loquacity,  told  us,  that 
Morgan  seemed,  at  one  time,  upon  the  point  of  striking  Arnold. 
We  fared  the  better  for  this  interview. 

On  the  following  day,  (Nov.  ]C)th,)the  rifle-companies  re- 
moved further  from  the  city.  About  half  a  mile  from  Ca,ld- 
well's  house,  our  company  obtained  excellent  quarters,  in  the 
house  of  a  French  gentleman,  who  seemed  wealthy.  He  was 
pleasing  in  his  manncM-s,  but  the  rudeness  our  ungovernalile 
men  exhil)ited,  created  in  him  an  apparent  disgust  towards  us. 
Here  we  remained  near  a  week.  During  that  time,  we  had 
constant  and  severe  duty  to  perform.  There  was  a  large  build- 
ing on  the  low  grounds,  near  the  river  St.  Charles,  which  was 
occupied  by  a  most  respectable  society  of  ladies  as  a  nunnery. 
In  front  of  this  house,  at  the  distance  of  fifty  yards,  there  was 
a.  spacious  log  building,  which  seemed  to  be  a  school  house, 
occupied  by  the  priesthood  attendant  on  the  nunnery.  This 
house  Ave  took  possession  of,  >is  a  guard-house,  under  an  idea, 
as  it  stood  directly  between  the  town  and  the  nunnery,  which 
contained  some  precious  deposits,  that  they  had  not  had  time 
to  remove,  that  the  enemy  would  not  fire  in  this  direction. 
The  conjecture  was  jiist. 

Nov.  10th. —In  the  afternoon  a  distressing  occurrence  took 
place  here,  notwithstanding  our  vicinity  to  this  holy  place. 
Towards  the  evening  the  guard  was  relieved.     Lieut.  Simpson 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


117 


comiuanded  it.  This  guard  was  composed  of  two-and-twenty 
fine  fellows,  of  our  company.  When  the  relief-guard  came, 
a  Frenchman,  of  a  most  villainous  appearance,  both  as  to  per- 
son and  visage,  came  to  our  lieutenant,  with  a  written  order 
from  colonel  Arnold,  commanding  him  to  accompany  the 
bearer,  who  would  be  our  guide  across  tb«^  river  8t.  Oh.arles, 
to  obtain  some  cattle  feeding  beyond  it,  on  the  account  of 
government.  The  order,  in  the  first  instance,  because  of  its 
preiX)steroiisnes8,  was  do(il)ted,  l)ut,  upon  a  little  reflection, 
obeyed.  Knowing  the  danger,  our  worthy  lieutenant  also 
knew,  the  best  and  only  means  of  executing  the  enterprize. 
The  call  "  come  on  lads,"  was  uttered.  We  ran  with  speed  from 
the  guard-house  some  hundreds  of  yards,  over  the  plain  to  the 
mouth  of  the  St  Charles,  where  the  ferry  is.  Near  the  ferry 
there  was  a  large  Avind-mill,  and  near  it  stood  a  small  house 
resembling  a  Cooper's  shop.  Two  carts  of  a  large  size,  were 
passing  the  ferry  heavily  laden  Avith  the  household-stuff,  and 
women  and  children  of  the  townsmen  flying  from  the  sub- 
urbs of  St.  Roque,  contiguous  to  palace-gate,  to  avoid  the  ter- 
rible and  fatal  effects  of  war.  The  carts  were  already  in  a  large 
scow,  or  flat-bottomed  boat,  and  the  ferrymen,  seeing  us  com- 
ing, were  tugging  hard  at  the  ferry-rope,  to  get  off  the  boat, 
which  was  aground,  before  we  should  arrive.  It  was  no  small 
matter,  in  exertion,  to  outdo  people  of  our  agility.  Simpson, 
with  his  usual  good  humour,  urged  the  race,  from  a  hf)pe  that 
the  garrison  would  not  fire  upon  us,  Avhen  in  the  boat  with 
their  flying  townsmen.  The  weight  of  our  bodies  and  arms 
put  the  boat  aground  in  good  earnest  Simpson  vociferously 
urging  the  men  to  free  the  boat,  directing  them  to  place  their 
guns  in  my  arms,  standing  on  the  l)ow.  He  ordered  me  to 
watch  the  flashes  of  the  cannon*  of  the  city  near  palace  gate. 
Jumping  into  the  water  mid-deep,  all  but  sergeant  Dixon  and 
myself,  they  were  pushing,  pulling,  and  with  handspikes  at- 
tempting to  float  the  scow.  One  of  fho  carts  stood  between 
Dixon  and  myself— he  was  tugging  at  the  ferry  rop(\  Presently 
"a  shot,"  was  called,  it  went  wiile  of  the  boat,  its  mark.  The 
exertions  of  the  party  were  redoubled.  Keeping  an  eye  ui)on 
the  town,  the  sun  about  setting,  in  a  clear  sky,  fhe  viciw  was 
beautiful  indeed,  but  somewhat  terrific.  Battlements  like 
these  Ijad  been  unknown  to  me.  Our  boat  lay  like  a  rock  in 
the  water,  and  was  a  target  at  point  blank  shot,  about  three- 
fourths  of  a  mile  from  palace  gate,  which  issues  into  St.  Roque. 

*Thiswa.s  a  ridiculous  practice,  luiiversally  adopted  in  tlio  camp 
near  Boston,  and  was  now  pursued  at  this  place.  It  is  merely  desig- 
native  of  the  raw  soldier.  Such  indications  of  fear  should  uow-a-days 
be  severely  reprimanded. 


'\ ' 


'i 


118 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


I  would  have  adored  all  the  saints  in  the  Knlendar,  if  honor 
and  their  worships  would  have  permitted  the  transportation  of 
my  person  a  few  perches  from  the  spot  where  it  then  stood, 
by  the  austere  command  of  duty.  It  was  plainly  observable 
tliat  many  persons  were  engaged  in  preparing  the  guns  for 
another  discliarge.  Our  brave  men  were  straining  every  nerve 
to  obtain  success.  "A  shot,"  was  all  that  could  be  said,  when 
a  thirty-six  pound  ball,  touching  the  lower  edge  of  the  nob  of 
the  carc-wheel,  descending  a  little,  took  the  leg  of  my  patriotic 
friend  below  the  knee,  and  carried  away  the  bones  of  that  part 
entirely.  "Oh!  Simpson,"  he  cried,  "I  am  gone."  Simpson, 
whose  heart  was  tender  and  kind,  leaped  into  the  V)oat :  calling 
to  the  men,  the  person  of  Dixon  was  borne  to  the  windmill. 
Now  a  roar  of  triumph  was  heard  from  the  city,  accompanied 
by  some  tolerably  well  directed  shots.  The  unfortunate  was 
borne  at  a  slow  and  solemn  pace,  to  the  guard-house,  the  enemy, 
every  now  and  then,  sending  us  his  majesty's  compliments,  in 
the  shape  of  a  24  or  36  pound  Ixill.  When  the  procession  came 
into  a  line  with  the  town,  the  guard  house  and  nunnery,  the 
liring  ceased.  At  the  time  we  were  most  busily  engaged  with 
Dixon,  at  the  windmill,  the  vile  Frenchnmn,  aghast  and  hor- 
ror stricken,  fled  from  us  to  tlie  city.  If  his  desertion  had 
been  noticed  in  time,  his  fate  had  been  sealed,  but  the  rascal 
was  unobserved  till  he  had  run  several  hundred  yards  along 
the  beach  of  the  bay  of  St.  Charles.  He  turned  out  to  be  a 
spy,  purposely  sent  by  government  to  decoy  and  entrap  us, 
and  lie  succeeded  but  too  easily  with  the  vigilant  Arnold. 
l)ixon  w'as  now  carried  on  a  litter  to  the  house  of  an  English 
gentlemen,  al)out  a  mile  off.  An  amputati(m  took  place— a 
tetanus  followed,  which  about  9  o'clock  of  the  ensuing  day, 
ended  in  the  dissolution  of  this  honorable  citizen  and  soldier. 
There  are  many  reasons  for  detailing  this  affair  so  minutely  to 
you.  Amf)ng  these  are,  to  impress  upon  your  minds  an  idea 
of  the  manners  and  spirit  (jf  those  times:  our  means  nnd  rude 
methods  of  warfare  :  but  more  particularly  for  the  purpose  of  in- 
introducing  to  jour  observation  an  anecdote  of  Dixon,  which  is 
characteristic  of  the  ideas  and  feelings  then  entertained  by  the 
generality  of  his  countrymen.  Before  we  left  our  native  homes, 
tea  had,  as  it  were,  liecame  an  abomination  even  to  the  ladies, 
The  taxation  of  it  by  the  parliament  of  England,  with  design 
to  draw  from  us  a  trillhig  revenue,  was  made  the  pretence 
with  the  great  body  of  the  jx'ople,  for  our  opposition  to  govern- 
ment. The  true  ground,  however,  with  the  politically  wise, 
was,  that  that  law  annihilated  our  rights  as  Englishnuui.  It 
is  an  axiom  of  Hie  common  law  of  our  glorious  ancestors,  that 
taxation  and  representation  must  go  hand  iahanu.     This  rule 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


110 


was  now  violated.  Hence  it  was,  that  no  one  male  or  female, 
knowing  their  rights,  if  posse.ssed  of  the  least  spark  of  patri- 
otism, would  deign  to  taste  of  that  delightful  beverage.  The 
lady  of  the  house,  though  not  one  who  approved  of  our  princi- 
ples of  action,  was  very  attentive  to  our  wounded  companion  : 
she  presentt'd  him  a  bowl  of  tea;  "No  madam,"  said  he,  "it 
is  the  ruin  of  my  country." 

Littering  this  uol>le  sentiment,  (Nov.  17th)  this  invaluable 
citizen  died,  sincerely  lamented  by  every  one  who  had  the  op- 
portunity of  knowing  his  virtues.  Dixon  was  a  gentleman  of 
good  property  and  education,  though  no  more  tlian  the  first 
sergeant  of  our  company.  His  estate  lay  ia  W.  Hanover  town- 
ship, in  the  county  of  Jjiincaster,  (now  in  Dauphin. )  He  was 
an  agriculturalist,  which,  in  the  vagueness  and  uncertainty  of 
our  language,  i'.  called  "a  farmer. "'  In  fact  he  was  a  freeholder, 
the  possessor  of  an  excellent  tract  of  land,  accompanied  by 
all  those  agreeables  which  render  the  cultivator  of  the  earth,  in 
Pennsylvania,  the  most  independent,  and,  with  prudent  econ- 
omy, the  most  ho.ppy  of  hunum  l>eings.  Tlie  following  morn- 
ing, Simpson  was  the  first  to  give  me  an  account  of  Dixon's 
death,  which  alfected  us  much,  his  corpse  received  the  usual 
military  honors.  Duty  compelled  my  absence  elsewhere.  The 
blood  of  Dixon  was  the  tlrst  oblation  made  upon  the  altar  of 
Liberty  at  Quebec,  and  Merchant  was  the  first  prisoner.  The 
latter  was  a  brave  and  determined  tjoldier,  fitted  for  subordi- 
nate station;  the  former  was  intuitively  a  captain.  The  city 
and  vicinity  occupied  the  attention  of  the  commander  nearly 
a  week. 

Nov.  18th.  — Not  being  fully  in  the  secret,  it  does  not  become 
me  to  recount  the  causes  of  our  retreat,  to  Point  Aux  Trem- 
ble. We  did  however  make  this  retrograde  movement,  rather 
in  a  slovenly  style,  accompanied,  probably,  by  the  maledic- 
tions of  the  clergy  and  iio))ility,  but  attended  by  the  regrets  of 
a  host  of  well-wishers  among  the  peasantry  Point  Aux  Trem- 
ble is  at  the  distance  of  twenty,  or  more  miles  from  Quebec. 
Tiie  route  thither,  though  in  a  severe  winter,  was  interesting. 
Tilt!  wootls  were  leafless,  except  as  to  thosi;  {  rces  of  Hk^  fir-kind  ; 
but  numerous  neat  and  handsomely  situated  farm-houses,  and 
many  beautiful  landscapes  were  presented,  and  enlivened  our 
march  along  this  majestic  stream.  At  Detroit,  whicrh  is  sup- 
posed to  bo  little  short  of  nine  luiiidred  miles  from  Quebec: — 
even  there,  it  is  no  contemplil)le  river,  but  here  tlie  immeiist) 
volume  of  its  waters,  strikes  the  mind  of  the  stranger  with  as- 
tonishment and  rapture.  Our  Susquehanna,  which,  from  its 
gra,ndeur,  attracts  the  European  eye,  staiuls  in  a  low  grade 
when  compardd  with  the  St.  Jiawrence.     As(!ending  the  river 


120 


HKNRY'S  JOURNAL. 


at  a  distance  of  ten  or  fifteen  miles,  Ave  observed  tlie  rapid 
passage,  down  stream,  of  a  l)oat,  and  soon  afterwards  of  a  sliip, 
one  or  other  of  whicli  contained  the  person  of  Sir  Guy  Carle- 
ton.  That  it  was  tlie  governor  of  tlie  [)rovince,  flying  from 
Montgomery,  who  liad  by  this  time  captured  Montreal,  we 
were  informed  by  a  special  kinil  of  messenger,  wliich  was  no 
other  than  the  report  of  tlie  cannon,  by  way  of  feu-de-joye, 
upon  his  arrival  at  the  capital.  Water,  in  regard  to  tlio  com- 
munication of  sound,  is  nearly  as  good  a  conductor  as  metals 
are,  for  the  transmi88i<m  of  the  electric  lluid.  Though  near  to 
the  i)lace  of  our  destination,  Ave  could  mark  witli  precision 
the  report  of  every  gun.  Point  Aux  Tremble,  at  this  time,  had 
assumed  the  appearance  of  a  straggling  village.  There  was 
a  spacious  chapel,  where  the  ceremonies  f)f  the  Roman-Catho- 
lic religion  were  performed,  with  a  pomp  not  seen  in  our 
churches,  but  by  a  fervency  and  zeal  apparently  very  pious, 
which  became  a  sevei-e  and  additional  stroke  at  early  preju- 
dices. Quarters  were  obtained  in  the  village  and  farm  houses, 
dispersed  over  a  space  of  some  miles,  tip  and  down  the  river. 
Wo  enjoyed  as  much  comfort  as  tiglit  liouses,  warm  fires,  and 
our  scantiness  of  clothing  would  admit.  Provisions  were  in 
plenty,  and  particularly  beef,  which,  though  small  in  bulk, 
was  of  an  excellent  flavour.  Being  in  a  few  days,  as  it  were, 
domesticated  in  a  respectable  farmer's  house,  we  noAV  had 
leisure  to  observe  the  economy  of  the  family.  Every  crevice 
through  which  cold  air  could  penetrate,  was  carefully  pasted 
with  strips  of  paper  of  every  colour.  To  i)ermit  the  cold  air  to 
intrude  is  not  the  only  evil  which  restilts ;  but  the  smallest 
interstice  with  the  air,  also  admits  an  almost  impalpable  snow 
Avhich  is  very  inconvenient,  particularly  at  night,  when  the 
Avinds  blow  most  sharply.  A  stoA'e  of  iron  stood  a  small  space 
from  the  Avail  of  the  kitchen  chimney,  but  in  such  a  way  that 
it  might  be  encompassed  by  the  family  or  the  guests.  This 
stove  Avas  kept  continually  hot,  both  by  day  and  by  night. 
0\'er  the  stove  their  is  a  rack  .so  constructed  as  to  serve  for  the 
drying  of  Avet  clothes,  mockasins,  &c.  &c.  When  these  people 
slaughter  their  beasts  for  Avinter  use.  they  cut  tip  the  meat 
into  small  pieces,  such  as  a  half  pound,  tAvo  pounds  &c.  accord- 
ing to  the  number  of  the  family.  In  the  evening  before  bed- 
time, the  females  of  the  house,  prepare  the  dinner  of  the  fol- 
lowing day.  It  may  l)e  particularly  described,  as  it  was  done 
in  our  view  for  a  number  of  days  together,  and  during  the  time 
Avas  never  varied.  This  was  the  manner :  A  jdece  of  pork  or 
beef,  or  a  portion  of  each  kind,  together  Avith  a  sufficiency  of 
cabbage,  ])otatoes  and  turnips,  seasoned  Avith  salt,  and  an  ade- 
quate quantity  of  water,  Avere  put  into  a  neat  tin  kettle  with  a 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


121 


close  lid.     The    kettle,  thus  replenished,  was    placed    on    the 
stove  in  the  room  where  we  all  slept,  and  there  it  simmered 
till  the  time  of  rising,  when  it  was  taken  to  a  small  lire  in  the 
kitchen,  where  a  stewinfj  continued  till  near  noon,  when  they 
dined.     The  contents  were  teemed  iUtto  a  largo  bason.      Each 
person  had  a  plate  -no  knife  was  used,  except  one  to  cut  the 
bread,  but  a  live  or  six  pronged  fork  answered  the  purposes  (;f 
a  spoon.     The  meat  required  no  cutting,  as  it  was  reduced  to 
a  musilage,  or  at  least  to  shreds.     This,  you  may  say,  is  trifling 
information,  and    unworthj'  of  your   notice;  according  to  my 
mind,  it  is  important  to  all  of  us,  to  know  the  habits,  manners, 
and  means  of  existence  «jf  tnat  class  of  .society,  which,  in  all 
nations,  composes  the  bulk  and  strength  of   the  body  politic. 
Our  dinner  followed  inafevvhours.     The  nmnner  of  our  cookery 
excited  astonishment  in  our  host.     As  much  beef  was  consumed 
at  a  single  meal,  as  would  have  served  this  family  for  a  week. 
Remember,  liowever,  that  the  mess  consisted  of  persons  who 
were  entitled  to  double  and  treble  rations.     Two  rosy-cheeked 
daughters  of  the  house,  soon  contrived  the  means  and  obtained 
the  surplus.     This  circumstance,  most  ju-obably,  made  usagree- 
able  to  the  family,  for  we  had  nothing  else  to   bestow.     The 
snow  had  now  fallen  in  abundance,  and  enlivened  the  country. 
Sleighs  and  sleds  were  passing  in  every  direction.     The  farmers 
began  to  supply  themselves  with  a  full  stock  of  winter's  fuel 
from  the  forest.     No  fowls  were  visible  about   the   house-  a 
few  were  kept  alive  for  breeding  in  the  ensuing  summer,  in  a 
close  and  warm  coop  in  the  upper-story  of  the  barn.     The  rest 
of  the  fowls,  intended    for  the  market  or  winter's    use,  had 
been  slaughtered,  e^ir^y  in  autumn,  at  setting  in  of   the  frost, 
and  were  hung  up  in  the  feathers  in  the  garret.     Thence  they 
were  taken  as  wanted.      Towards   March  they  become  unsav- 
oury, but  in  no  way  tainted.     We  became  acquainted  with  this 
kind  of  economy,  but  upon  a  much  larger    scale  afterwards, 
when  in  a  state  of  affliction  and  sorrow.     The  roads  in  this  part 
of  Canada  are  kept  in  excellent  order.     The  corvee  of  European 
France  is  maintained  by  the  gc-vernment   in  full   effect,  as  to 
its  principles,  but  far  less  rigid  in   its  practice.     The  roads  in 
low   grounds,  were    <litched    on  tlio  sides  and  curved  towards 
the  centre.     Every  forty  or  fifty  yards  on  each  side  of  the  road, 
throughout  the  extent  of   it  young  i)ines  were  stuck  in  the 
ground,  to  nuirk  the  central  and  safest  passage.     It  is  a  law, 
that  the  landholder,  whenever  a  snow  falls,  whether  by  day  or 
night,  when  it  ceases,  shall  with  his  horses  andcariole,  retrace 
the  road,  formed  on  the  preceding  snow,  throughout  the  ex- 
tent of  his  grounds.     This  is  a  laborious  duty,  biit  it  was  dis- 
cernible, that  it  was  performed  with  punctuality,  if  not  pleas- 


122 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


I'H-i 


ure.  In  December,  January  and  February,  -vvhen  the  snow 
lays  from  tliree  to  five  feet  deep  over  tlie  surface,  there  is  no 
travelling  in  this  country,  but  by  ways  thus  formed,  or  upon 
snov/  shoes. 

On  the  first  of  December,  general  Montgomery,  who  was  anx- 
iously expected,  arrived.  Arnold's  corps,  was  paraded  in  the 
front  of  tlie  chapel.  It  was  lowering  and  cold,  but  the  appear- 
ance of  the  general  here,  gave  us  warmth  an<l  animation.  Ho 
was  well  limbed,  tall  and  handsome,  though  his  face  was  much 
pock-marked.  His  air  and  manner  designated  the  real  soldier. 
He  made  us  a  short,  but  energetic  and  elegant  speech,  the  bur- 
then of  which,  was  an  applause  of  our  spirit  in  passing  the  wilder- 
ness ;  a  hope,  our  perseverance  in  thaL  spirit  would  continue ; 
and  a  promise  of  warm  clothing ;  the  latter  was  a  most  com- 
forta))le  assurance.  A  few  huzzas  from  our  freezmg  bodies, 
were  returned  to  this  addi'ess  of  the  gallant  hero.  Now  new 
life  was  infused  into  the  whole  of  the  corps. 

The  next  day  (December  2d)  we  .-etraced  the  route  from 
Quebec.  A  snow  had  fallen  during  the  night,  and  continued 
falling.  To  march  on  this  s-)ow,  was  a  most  fatiguing  business. 
By  this  time,  we  had  generally  furnished  ourselves  with  seal- 
skin mocka;!ns,  which  are  large,  anil  according  to  theusageof 
the  country,  stuffed  with  hay  or  leaves,  to  ket)j)  the  feet  dry 
and  warm.  Every  step  taken  in  the  dry  snow,  the  mockasln 
having  no  raised  heel  to  support  the  position  of  the  foot,  it 
slipped  back,  and  thus  produced  great  weariness.  On  this 
march  the  use  ot  the  snow-shoe  was  very  obvious,  but  we  were 
destitute  of  that  article.  The  evening  brought  up  the  riflemen 
at  an  (extensive  house,  in  the  pari,sh  of  St.  Poix,  about  three 
miles  froMi  Quebec.  It  was  inhabited  by  tenants.  We  took  pos- 
session of  a  front  parlouf  on  the  left,  Morgan  one  upon  the  right 
Hendricks,  a  back  apartment,  and  the  soldiery  in  the  upper 
parts  of  the  house,  and  some  warm  outbuildings. 

The  next  day  (December  3d)  Morgan  not  finding  himself  com- 
fortable, moved  a  short  space  nearer  to  the  city.  Here,  in 
low  and  pretty  country  houses,  he  and  his  men,  were  neatly 
accoiumodated.  It  seemed  to  me,  that  the  Canadians,  in  the 
vicinage  of  Queljec,  livevl  as  coinfortably,  in  general,  as  tlse  gen- 
erality of  the  Pennsylvauians  did,  at  that  time,  in  the  county 
of  Lancaster.  It  uuiy  readily  occur  to  you,  that  some  restric- 
ti')n  ought  to  cramp  this  latitude  of  expression  ;  take  it,  how- 
ever, as  a  description  of  our  sensations,  e:  tertained  in  our 
minds  l)y  the  conveniences  we  now  enjoyed,  in  opposition  to 
our  late  privations.  We  had  just  arriveil  from  a  dreary  and 
inhospitable  wild,  half-starved  and  thinly  clothec'l,  in  a  land  of 
plenty,  whore  we  had  full  rations  and  warm  quarters,  conse- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


123 


quently,  our  present  feelings  contrasted  with  former  sufferings, 
might  have  appreciated  in  too  high  a  degree,  tJie  liappiness  of 
the  Canadian.  What  is  now  said,  ought  not  to  be  taken  in 
anywise,  as  an  allusion  to  the  political  rights,  but  be  confined 
solely  to  the  apparent  prosperity  and  economy  of  families. 

December  12th.  We  remained  about  ten  days  at  these  quar- 
ters. The  toui's  of  duty,  to  Arn(dd's  party,  were  peculiarly 
severe.  The  oflflcers  and  men,  still  wore  nothing  else,  than  the 
remains  of  the  summer  clothing,  which  being  on  their  back, 
had  e.scaped  destruction  in  the  disasters  of  the  wilderness.  The 
snow  lay  three  feet  deep  over  the  face  of  the  whole  country, 
and  there  was  an  addition  to  it  almost  daily.  Many  impedi- 
ments occurred,  to  delay  the  trans{)ortation  of  the  clothing, 
which  general  Montgomery  had  procured  for  us  at  Montreal. 
Our  miserable  state,  contrary  to  our  principles,  excited  an  il- 
licit desire,  to  be  apparrelled  more  comfcu'tably.  This  desire 
would  probably  have  lain  dormant,  but  for  a  scoundrel  Cana- 
dian, who  in  all  likelihood,  Avas  an  enemy  of  Lieutenant  Gover- 
nor Cromie's.  One  morning  having  returned  from  a  cold 
night's  duty,  near  palace-gate,  the  fellow  addressed  Simpson, 
who  was  the  only  ollicer  in  quarters,  anil  communicated  the  in- 
formation :  "That  abou.t  two  miles  up  the  St.  Lawrence,  lay 
a  country  seat  of  Governor  Cromie's,  stocked  with  many 
things  "we  wanted,  and  he  would  be  our  guide."  Oariole's 
were  immeiliately  procured.  The  house,  a  neat  Ijox,  was  ro- 
mantically situated  on  the  steep  bank  of  the  river,  not  very 
distant  from  a  chapel.  Though  in  the  midst  of  winter,  the  spot 
disi)layed  the  elegant  taste  and  abundant  wealth  of  the  owner. 
It  must  bo  a  most  delightful  summer  residence,  in  the  months 
of  July  and  August,  when  the  heat  of  this  northern  climate, 
seems  greater  to  sensation,  than  that  of  our  country,  in  the 
same  season.  The  house  was  closed  ;  knocking,  the  hall-door 
Avas  oi)ene(l  to  us  by  an  Irish  woman,  who,  of  th»>  fair  sex,  was 
the  largest  and  most  l)rawny,  that  ever  came  tinder  my  notice. 
Khe  was  the  steward(>ss  of  the  house.  Our  <piestions  were 
answered  with  an  appariMit  affability  anil  trankiicss.  Hhe  in- 
troduced us  into  the  kitchen,  a  large  apartment,  wi^ll  (illed  with 
those  articles,  which  good-livers  think  necessary,  to  (hduipjiy 
enjoyment  of  life.  Here  we  observed,  five  or  six  C»  ..tdian 
servants,  huddled  into  a  corner  of  the  kitchim,  trembling  with 
fe«ir.  Our  jjrying  eyes,  soon  discovered  a  trap-door  leading 
into  the  cellar.  In  the  country  houses  of  Canada,  because  of 
the  frigidity  of  the  clinuite,  the  cellars  are  usually  under  a 
warm  room,  and  are  principally  intended,  for  the  preservat  ion 
of  vegetables.  The  cavity  in  this  instance,  abounded  with  a 
great  variety  of  eatables,  of  which,  we  were  not  in  (he  immu- 


\ 


.^1 

1 

P 

124 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


(liato  want.  The  men  en(ere«l  it-  Firkin,  after  llrl\in  of  but- 
ter; laril,  tallow,  beef,  pork,  fresh  and  salt— all  l)ecainea  prey. 
While  the  men  were  mmma^in^  below,  the  lieutenant  do- 
seended  to  cause  more  despatch.  My  duty  was  to  remain  at 
the  end  of  the  trap-door,  with  my  back  to  the  wall,  and  rille 
ooeked  as  a  sentry,  keeping  a  striet  eye  on  the  sifrvants.  My 
good  Irishwoman  frequently  beckoned  to  me  to  descend  :  her 
drift  was  to  catch  us  ail  in  the  trap.  linckily  she  was  coini)re- 
hended.  The  cellar  and  kitchen  being  thoroughly  gutted,  and 
the  spoil  borne  to  the  carriages,  the  party  dispersed  into  tJjo 
other  apartments.  Here  was  elegancy.  The  walls  and  parti- 
tlon.s,  were  beautifully  i)apered  tunl  decorated,  with  large  en- 
gravings, maps,  &c.  &c.  of  the  nutst  cel(d)rated  artists.  A  no- 
ble view  of  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  upon  a  large  scale,  takj'U 
from  th«5  neighbourhood  «)f  C(H)per's  ferry,  <lrew  my  attention, 
and  raised  some  compunctive  ideas;  but  war  and  the  sciences 
always  stand  at  arms  length  in  the  contests  of  mankind.  The 
latter  must  succumb  in  the  tiiUiult.  Our  attention  was  much 
more  attracted  hy  the  costly  feather  beds,  counterpanes,  and 
charming  rose-blankets,  which  the  house  afforded.  Of  these 
there  was  good  store,  and  we  left  not  a  jot  behind  us.  The 
nooks  and  crevices  in  the  cairoles,  were  filled  with  smaller  arti- 
cles ;  several  dozens  of  admirably  ilnisheil  case-knives  and 
forks — even  a  sett  of  desert  knives  obtained  the  notice  of  oui* 
cupiility.  Articles  of  lesser  moiiunit,  not  a  thousandth  i)art 
so  useful,  tlid  not  escnpe  the  all-grasping  handsof  the  soldiery. 
In  a  l)ack  apartment,  there  stood  a  nudiogany  couch,  or  settee 
in  a  highly  tlnished  style.  Tlie  woodwork  of  the  couch  was 
raiseil  on  all  sides  by  cushioning,  and  lastly,  covenul  by  a  rich 
llguretl  silk.  This  to  us,  was  lumber,  i);'sidt»s  our  carioles  were 
full.  However,  we  grabbed  the  nuitt  ressanil  palh'ts,  all  equally 
elegant  as  the  couch  :  Having,  as  w'o  thought,  divested  his  Ex- 
cellency of  all  the  articles  of  prime  necessity,  we  departed,  os- 
tensibly and  even  aiulibly  accompanied  by  the  pious  blessings 
of  the  stewardess  for  our  moderation.  No  doubt  she  had  her 
mental  reservati«»ns ;  on  such  business  as  this,  we  regarded 
neither.  Near  the  chapel,  we  met  a  party  of  IMorgan's  men 
coming  to  do  that,  which  we  had  already  done.  The  oHlcer 
appeared  chagrined  when  he  saw  tlu^  extent  of  our  plunder. 
He  went  on,  and  (inally  ransacked  the  house,  and  yet  a  little 
more,  the  stables.  The  joy  of  our  men,  among  wliom,  tlie 
phuider  was  distributed  in  nearly  equal  portions,  was  extrava- 
gant. Now  an  operation  of  the  hunuin  mind,  which  often  takes 
place  in  fwudety,  and  is  every  day  dIscM'rnible  by  persons  of  ob- 
servation, became  clearly  obvious.  "l,el  a.  man  once  with  im- 
"punity,  desert  the  strict  rule  of  litfhl,  all  subsequent  uggres- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


125 


"sion,  is  not  only  increased  in  atrocity,  but  is  done  witliout 
"qualm  of  conscience."  Though  our  c«>nipany  was  composed 
principally  of  freehohlers,  or  tlie  sons  of  sucli,  bred  at  home 
under  the  strictui'es  of  religion  and  morality,  yet  when  the 
reins  of  <lecorum  were  loosed,  and  the  honorable  feeling  weak- 
ened, it  becamn  iiupoKBil)le  to  administer  restraint.  The  per- 
son of  a  tory,  or  his  property,  becanui  fair  game,  and  this  at 
the  denunciation  of  some  base  domestic  villain. 

On  the  morniug  following,  (Dec.  lUth,)  the  same  auda- 
cious, scoundrel  again  returned.  By  leading  to  the  first  aflair, 
and  his  intiM-courses  with  the  privates,  he  luul  so  wormed  him- 
self into  their  good  graces,  that  nothing  would  do  but  a  sys- 
tem of  marauding  upon  our  supposed  enemies,  the  tories.  In 
this  new  expedition,  which  was  further  than  the  former,  the 
otticers  thought  it  prudent  to  accompany  the  men,  in  truth, 
to  keep  order  and  repress  their  ardency.  We  arriveil  at  a  farm 
said  to  belong  to  Gov.  Crouue  or,  some  other  inhal)itant  of 
Quebec.  The  farm-house,  though  low,  being  but  one  story, 
was  capacious,  and  tolerably  neat.  The  barn  built  of  logs, 
with  a  threshing-floor  in  the  centre,  was  from  seventy  to  eighty 
feet  in  length.  The  tenant,  his  wife,  and  children,  shuddered 
upon  our  approach.  Assurances  that  they  should  be  unharmed, 
relieved  their  fears.  The  tenant  pointetl  out  to  us  the  horned- 
cattle,  pigs,  and  poultry  of  his  landhn-d.  These  we  shot  down 
without  mercy,  or  drove  before  us  to  our  quarters.  Thus  we 
obtained  a  tolerable  load  for  our  caravan,  which  consisted  of 
ilve  or  six  oarioles. 

With  this  disreputable  exploit,  marauding  ceased.  A  return- 
ing sense  of  decency  and  onler,  emanating  from  ourselves,  pro- 
duced a  8peci(!S  (»f  contrition.  It  is  a  solemn  truth,  that  wc^ 
plundered  none,  but  those  who  were  notoriously  tories,  and 
then  within  the  walls  of  Quebec.  The  cliM-gy,  the  nobles,  and 
the  peasantry,  were  n^spected  and  protected,  especially  the 
latter,  with  whom,  to  ust»  a  trite  expression,  we  fraterni/ed. 
The  minuteness  of  this  ihwcription  of  occurrences,  of  a  trivial, 
yet  disgraceful  nature.  Is  made  the  more  strongly  to  impress 
your  minds,  with  the  horrors  attendant  on  civil  wars.  Tl  ■  . 
species  of  war,  more  than  any  other,  not  only  alfects  the  great 
and  the  wealthy,  but  it  intrudes  itself  into,  and  devastates  the 
cottage.  This  the  American  peojjle  know,  from  the  many  mel« 
ancholy  scenes,  which  succeeded  the  period  spoken  of. 

Gracious  and  Almighty  (fod  !  the  shield  and  protector  of  the 
good,  as  well  as  thou  art  the  scourge  of  the  base  and  wicked 
nation,  avert  from  my  country,  this  the  most  terrible  of  thy 
modes  of  temporal  vengeance. 

December  13th.     In  a  short  time,  the  rille  comjjanies  moved 


130 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


V 


iii> 


and  occupied  good  quarters  on  the  low  grounds,  near  St. 
Charles'  river,  and  about  two  miles  from  Quebec.  Our  cloth- 
ing was  still  of  the  flimsy  kind,  before  noted,  but  our  hearts 
were  light,  even  to  merriment.  Individually,  from  our  own 
funds,  we  supplied  ourselves  with  arm-gloves,  and  renewed 
our  mockasins.  This  was  aVjout  the  middle  of  December.  Dur- 
ing all  this  time,  our  daily  duty  was  laborious  in  various 
ways,  and  every  other  night,  we  mounted  guard  at  St. 
Roque.  A  guard-house,  ere  this  had  been  established  at 
this  place,  in  a  very  large  stone-house,  which,  though  strong, 
being  exposed  to  the  enemy's  fire,  was  soon  battered  about 
our  ears,  the  distance  scarcely  more  than  three  hundred  yards. 
That  position  was  changed  for  one  more  secure.  A  house, 
which  had  been  a  tavern,  was  adopted  in  its  stead.  This  house 
was  pecularly  situated.  It  was  comparatively  small  with  the 
former  in  its  dimensions,  but  the  walls  Avere  strong,  and  the 
ceilings  bomb-proof.  It  stood  under  the  hill,  ioas  to  be  out  of 
the  range  of  the  shot,  from  the  ramparts  contiguous  to  Palace 
gate,  which  were  elevated  far  above  us.  Simpson  would  say. 
Jack,  let  us  have  r,  shot  at  those  fellows.  Even  at  noon-day, 
Ave  Avould  creej)  along  close  to  the  houses,  which  ranged  under 
the  hill,  but  close  in  with  it,  till  we  came  within  forty  yards  of 
Palace-gate.  Here  was  a  smith-shop,  formed  of  logs,  through 
the  crevices,  of  which,  Ave  would  fire,  at  an  angle  of  70,  at  the 
sentries  above  us.  Many  of  tliem  Avere  killed,  and  it  was  said, 
several  oilicers.  This  Avas  dishonoral)le  Avar,  though  authorized 
by  the  i)ractices  of  tliose  times.  The  distance  from  this  gnnrd- 
house  to  Palace-gate,  may  be  three  hundred  and  fifty  yards. 
The  hill,  at  the  back  of  the  house,  seemed  to  make  an  angle  of 
GO  or  70  degrees.  This  activity  continued  from  the  walls  of  the 
city,  and  around  it  by  the  Iiower  town,  (whei'e  it  is  greatest, ) 
for  numy  miles  up  the  St.  Lawrence  and  St.  Charles,  and  forms 
the  basis  of  Abraham's  Plains.  It  Avas  aliout  that  tiuie  tlie 
York  nrtilleridts,  under  captain  Lamb,  had  constructed  a  bat- 
tery on  th(*  Plains,  at  the  distance  of  (tOO  or  700  yards  from  the 
fortress.  The  earth  Avas  too  dilTlcult  for  the  intrenching  tools 
to  pierce,  the  only  method  left,  Avas  to  raise  a  battery  composed 
of  ice  and  snow.  The  snow  was  madn  into  ice  by  the  addition 
of  water.  The  Avork  Avas  done  in  the  night  time.  Five  or  six 
nuie- pounders,  and  a  howitzer  were  placed  in  it  ;it  was  scarcely 
compUsted,  and  our  giuis  had  openetl  on  the  city,  before  it 
was  pierced  through  and  through,  by  the  Aveightier  metal  of 
the  <Miemy.  Several  lives  Avere  lost  on  the  llrst  and  second  day. 
Yet  the  experiment  Avas  j)ersisted  in,  till  a  single  ball,  piercing 
the  l)attery,  killed  and  woun«led  three  persons.  In  the  quar- 
ters last  mentioned,  Ave  enjoyed  some  pleasant  days.  The  win- 
ter in  Canada,  us  with  us,  is  the  season  of  good  humour  and  Joy- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


127 


December  18th,  19th.  Upon  a  secession  from  the  out-post, 
or  other  military  employments,  we  were  agreeably  received  in 
the  farm  houses  around.  Our  engagements  near  Palace-  gate, 
still  continued  to  be  of  the  arduous  kind  :  Our  numbers  being 
feAv,  every  second  watch  was  performed  by  the  same  persons, 
who  had  made  the  guard  the  last  but  one.  Between  the  guard- 
house, and  the  extreme  end  of  the  suburbs  of  St.  Roque,  which 
may  be  half  a  mile  from  the  ramparts,  there  was  a  rising 
ground  in  the  main  street  fairly  in  view  of  the  enemy,  and 
whilst  we  relieved  in  daylight,  was  raked,  even  by  grape  shot. 
Some  good  men  were  lost  here.  This  circumstance,  changed 
the  time  of  relief,  to  nine  o'clock  in  the  evening.  The  rifle- 
men were  principally  employed  as  guards,  at  this  dangerous 
station.  It  is  but  fair  and  honest,  to  relate  to  you,  an  anec- 
dote concerning  myself,  which  will  convey  to  your  minds,  some 
notion  of  that  alfection,  of  the  head  or  heart,  which  the  mili- 
tary call  a  panic-terror  Being  one  of  the  guard  and  having 
been  relieved  as  a  sentry,  about  twelve  or  one  o'clock  a1  night, 
upon  returning  to  the  guanl-house,  in  a  dozing  state ;  least 
myself  on  a  bench,  next  the  back  wall— young,  my  sleeps  were 
deep  and  heavy  ;  my  youth  obtained  this  grace  from  Simpstm, 
the  officer  who  commanded  ;  about  three  o'clock,  I  was  roused 
by  a  horril)le  noise.  The  enemy,  in  casting  their  shells,  usually 
began  in  the  evening,  and  threw  but  a  few,  towards  morning, 
they  became  more  alert.  Our  station  being  out  of  sight,  it  was 
managed,  as  to  throw  the  shells  on  the  side  of  the  hill,  directly 
back  of  us,  so  as  they  would  trundle  down  against  the  wall  of 
the  guard-house.  This  had  frequently  occurred  l)efore,  but  was 
not  minded.  A  thirteen-inch  shell,  thus  thrown,  came  imme- 
diately opposite  the  place,  where  my  head  lay  ;  to  bo  sure,  the 
three  feet  wall  was  between  us.  The  bursting  report  was  tre- 
mendous, but  it  was  heard  in  a  profound  sleep.  Starting  in- 
stantly, though  unconscious  of  the  cn,use,  and  running  proba- 
bly llfty  yards,  through  untrod  snow,  three  feet  deep,  to  a 
coal  house,  a  i)lace  quite  unknown  to  me  before:  It  was  ten  or 
fifteen  minutt^s  before  the  extreme  cold,  reston^l  that  kind  of 
sensibility, which  enabled  me  to  know  my  rt>al  situation.  Know- 
ing nothing  of  the  cause,  the  probabh*  cfTect  nor  jinytliing  of 
the  consequences,  which  might  follow  froiu  this  invohuitary 
exerti<m,  it  seemed  to  me  to  be  a  sjH'cies  of  the  panic,  which 
has  been  known  to  affect  whole  armies.  The  circumstance 
litM'e  related,  caused  a  laugh  against  me;  but  it  was  soon  dis- 
covered, that  those  of  the  sohliery,  though  wide  awake,  were 
as  much  jianic  stricken  as  myself.  The  latigh  rebounded  upon 
them.     During  this  period,  we  had  many  bitter  nights.     To 


128 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


■«!' 


give  you  some  idea  of  a  Canada  winter,  allow  me  to  relate  an 
occurrence,  which  is  literally  genuine. 

December  24th.  One  night,  at  the  time  of  relief,  a  confiden- 
tial person  came  from  Colonel  Arnold,  accompanied  by  an  Irish 
gentleman,  named  Craig,  directing  the  relieved  guard  to  escort 
him  to  his  own  house,  which  stood  between  twenty  and  thirty 
paces  from  Palace-gate.  Craig  was  a  merchant  of  considerable 
wealth,  and  what  was  more,  an  excellent  whig.  He  was  ex- 
pelled from  his  habitation  because  of  his  whigism,  and  took  re- 
fuge in  Arnold's  quarters.  Montgomery,  by  this  time,  had  fur- 
nished us  with  personal  clothing  suitable  to  the  climate,  but 
there  were  a  thousand  other  things  wanting  for  comfortable 
accommodation.  Many  of  these  Mr.  Craig  possessed,  and  Ar- 
nold's luxurious  cupidity  desired.  '  ..jj,  ■  house  was  an  ex- 
tensive building,  three  stories  high,  with  ^nildingsof  an 
equal  height,  running  far  in  the  rear  a!  ....g  ti.  t'>otof  the  hill. 
This  last  building  consisted  of  stores,  which,  as  well  as  the 
house,  was  of  brick  work.  We  canie  to  Lo  back  per*-,  of  the 
house  silently,  and  with  the  utmost  caution.  Idr.  <.rr '.g'  ^ly  a 
slight  knock  brought  a  trusty  old  negro  to  the  door,  -vho  was 
the  sole  guardian  of  the  house.  The  oVijects  of  Mr.  Craig  were 
frying-pans,  skillets,  and  a  great  variety  of  other  articles  of 
ironmongery,  together  with  cloths,  flannels,  linnens,  &c.  &o. 
The  party  with  (^raig  entered  the  house.  As  a  man  of  confi- 
dence, and  as  a  sentry,  it  became  my  business  to  watch  the 
Palace-gate.  There  was  a  clear  moonlight,  but  it  was  exceed- 
ingly bleak.  My  place  of  observation  was  under  a  brick  arch, 
over  which  were  stores  of  Mr.  Craig,  perhaps  less  than  eighty 
feet  from  Palace-gate.  My  gloves  were  good  and  well  lined 
with  fur,  and  my  inookasins  of  the  best  kind,  well  stulTed. 
Unseen— continually  pacing  the  width  of  the  arch;  My  com- 
panions seemed  to  employ  too  much  time.  Some  Frenchmen, 
of  Colonel  Livingston's  regiment,  without  our  knowledge,  had 
been  below  Palace-gate  marauding.  Repassing  the  house  we 
wi're  at,  like  so  nuiny  hell-hounds,  they  set  up  a  yelling  and 
horrf'l  din,  which  not  only  scai*ed  our  party,  but  alarmed  the 
garrison  itself.  My  companions  in  the  liouse  (apprehensive  of 
a  sally  from  Palace-gate, )  fled,  carrying  all  they  could.  Though 
I  heard  the  noisci,  the  flight  of  my  friends  was  unseen,  as  they 
emerged  from  the  cellars.  The  noise  and  bustle  created  by 
the  Canadians  attracted  the  attention  of  the  enemy.  Large 
and  small  shells  were  thrown  in  every  direction,  wherever  a 
noise  was  heard  in  St.  Roque.  Having  on  a  fine  white  blanket 
coat,  and  turning  my  cap  or  "bonnet  rouge,"  inside  out,  the 
inside  belngf  white,  made  me,  as  it  were,  invisible  in  the  snow. 
Under   the  arch  the  conversation  of  the  sentries,  as  it  were, 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


139 


almost  over  my  head,  was  very  distinguishable.  In  this  cold 
region,  many  reasons  operate  to  induce  the  placing  two  sentries 
at  the  same  post — they  enliven  each  other  by  conversing,  and 
it  prevents  the  fatal  effects  which  follow  from  standing  still  in 
one  position.  Fifteen  minutes,  at  this  time,  was  the  term  of 
the  sentries,  standing.  The  time  of  my  standing  under  the 
arch  seemed  to  be  several  hours,  yet  honor  and  duty  required 
perseverance.  At  length,  being  wearied  out— going  to  the 
back  door  of  the  house  and  knocking— no  whisper  coidd  be 
heard  within— the  old  negro  was  soundly  asleep  in  liis  bomb- 
proof shell.  At  this  moment  those  Canadians  ran  past  the 
gateway  again,  with  their  usual  noisy  jal)ber ;  to  me,  in  my  de- 
serted state,  it  seemed  a  sally  of  the  enemy.  There  was  no  out- 
let but  by  the  way  we  came,  which  seemed  hazardous.  Runn- 
ing gun  in  hand  into  a  large  enclosure,  which  was  a  garden  of 
Mr,  Craig's:  here  was  a  new  dilemma.  There  was  no  escape 
but  by  returning  to  the  house  or  climbing  a  palisade  twenty 
feet  high.  The  latter  was  prefered  ;  but  my  ritle  was  left  within 
the  enclosure,  as  no  means  could  be  fallen  tipon  to  get  it 
over  the  stockade.  The  guard -house  was  soon  reached.  One 
of  the  sergeants  kindly  rettirned  with  me  to  assist  in  bringing 
over  my  gun.  It  was  grasped  hi  extacy  :  Alas!  the  determina- 
tion never  to  part  with  it  again,  but  with  life,  was  futile. 
While  in  the  enclosure,  going  from  and  returning  to  it,  we  were 
assailed  with  grape-shot  and  shells,  not  by  any  means  aimed 
at  us,  for  the  enemy  knew  not  that  we  wnre  there,  but  was  in- 
tended to  disperse  those  vociferous  and  vile  Canadians,  and  it 
had  the  eifect.  They  were  as  cowardly  as  noisy.  The  cohorn 
shells  were  handsomely  nmnaged.  They  usually  burst  at  fifteen 
or  twenty  feet  from  the  earth,  so  as  to  scatter  their  destructive 
effects  more  widely.  Again  coming  to  the  guard-house,  my 
immediate  friends  all  gone,  I  ran  thence  to  our  quarters  about 
two  miles,  with  great  si)ee(l.  This  was  about  three  o'clock  in 
the  morning.  Conung  to  quarters,  my  feet  and  hands  were 
numbed,  without  ever  having,  during  those  many  dreary  hours, 
been  sensible  of  the  cold.  It  was  soon  discovered  that  they 
were  frozen.  Pulling  off  my  leggins,  &c.  and  immerging  my 
feet  and  legs  knee  deep  in  the  snow  at  the  door,  ru>)bing 
with  my  hands  a  few  minutes,  soon  caused  a  recirculation  <if 
th(^  blood  ;  the  hands  were  restort;d  by  the  ant.  For  llfteen, 
and  even  twenty  years  afterwards,  the  intolerable  effects  of 
that  night's  frost  were  most  sensibly  felt.  The  soles  of  my 
feet,  particularly,  the  prominencies,  were  severely  frostbitten 
and  much  inflamed  :  so  it  was  as  to  my  hands.  But  it  was  very 
remarkable  that  these  subsequent  annual  paiuiiigs,  uniformly 
0-VOL.  XV. 


ISO 


HENRY'S  JOURiN'AL. 


attacked  ine  in  the  Haine  month  of  the  year  in  which  the  cause 
occurred. 

On  the  night  of  the  20th,  or  2l8t  of  December,  a  snow-storm, 
driving  fiercely  from  the  nortli-east,  induced  the  noble  Mont- 
gomery, to  order  an  attack  on  the  fortress.  Our  force  alto- 
gether, did  not  amount  to  more  than  eleven  hundred  men,  antl 
many  of  these,  by  contrivances  of  their  own,  were  in  the  hos- 
pital, which,  by  this  time,  was  transferred  to  the  nunnery. 
The  storm  abated — the  moon  shone,  and  we  retired  to  repose, 
trixly  unwillingly.  We  had  caught  our  commander's  spirit, 
wiio  was  anxious,  after  the  capture  of  Chamblee,  St.  Johns, 
and  Montreal,  to  add  Quebec,  as  a  prime  trophy  to  the  laurels 
already  won.  Captian  Smith,  the  head  of  our  mess,  as  cap- 
tain, had  been  invited  to  general  Montgomery's  council  of  offi- 
cers, (none  under  that  grade  being  called,)  like  most  of  unin- 
structed  men,  he  was  talkative,  and  what  is  much  worse  in 
military  affairs,  very  communicative.  I  believe  blushing  fol- 
lowed the  intelligence  he  gave  me  :  the  idea  of  imjn'opriety  of 
conduct  in  him,  deeply  impressed  my  mind.  The  whole  plan 
of  the  attack  on  the  two  following  days,  was  known  to  the 
meanest  man  in  the  army.  How  it  was  disclosed,  is  uncertain, 
unless  by  the  fatuity  of  the  captains.  One  Singleton,  a  ser- 
geant in  the  troops  which  accompanied  Montgomery,  deserted 
from  the  guard  at  the  suburbs  of  St.  John's,  and  disclosed  to 
our  foes  the  purport  of  our  schemes ;  his  desertion  caused  much 
anxiety.  The  general  prudently  gave  out  that  it  was  by  coin- 
mand,  he  would  return  soon  with  intelligence.  This  was  be- 
lieved generally.  The  latter  information  came  to  my  know-l- 
edge some  months  afterwards,  when  a  prisoner.  The  relation 
of  Smith  to  me,  is  perfect  on  my  memory.  Youths  seldom 
forget  their  juvenile  impressions.  It  was  this:  "That  we,  of 
"Arnold's  corps,  accompanied  by  captain  Lang's  York  artiller- 
"  ists should  assail  the  lower  town,  oii  the  side  of  St.  Roque  :  gen- 
"eral  Montgomery  was  to  attack  the  lower  town  by  the  way 
"of  cape  Diamond,  which  is  on  the  margin  of  the  St.  Lawrence. 
"A  false  attack  was  to  be  made  eastwardly  of  St.  John's  gate. 
"WVien  Montgomery  anil  Arnold  conjoined  in  the  lower  town, 
"then  the  priests,  the  women  and  the"  children,  were  to  be 
"gathered  and  intermingled  with  the  ti'oops,  and  an  assault  be 
"made  on  the  upper  town."  Visionary  as  this  mode  of  attack 
w^as,  from  what  ensued,  it  is  sincerely  my  belief  that  Smith  was 
correct  in  his  information,  as  to  the  plan  suggested  by  the  gen- 
eral. In  those  turbulent  times,  men  of  gallantry,  such  as  Mont- 
gomery, were  imperiously  necessitated,  to  keep  up  their  own 
fame  and  the  si)ii'its  of  the  j)eople,  to  propose  and  to  hazard 
measures,  even  to  the  conilues  of  iiuprudenoe.     There  was 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBKC. 


1:51 


li- 
lt- 
vr 
rd 


another  circumstance  which  induced  our  brave  and  worthygeii- 
eral,  to  adopt  active  and  dangerous  means  of  conquest.  Many 
of  the  New- England  troojjs  liad  been  engaged  on  very  short 
enlistments,  some  of  which  were  to  expire  tm  the  first  of  Jan- 
uary, 1776.  The  jiatriotism  of  the  suimiier  of  seventy-five, 
seemed  almost  extinguished  ia  the  winter  of  seventy-six.  The 
patriotic  officers  made  every  exertion  to  induce  enlistments. 
but  to  no  imrpose.  We,  of  the  "rifle  corps,"  readily  assented 
to  remain  with  the  general,  though  he  should  be  deserted  by 
the  eastern  men,  yet  this  example  had  no  manner  of  influence 
on  the  generality.  The  majority  were  either  farmers  or  sailors, 
and  some  had  wives  and  children  at  home.  These,  and  other 
reasons,  j^erhaps,  the  austerity  of  the  winter,  and  the  harsh- 
ness of  the  service,  caused  an  obstinacy  of  mind,  whicli  would 
not  submit  to  patriotic  representation.  Besides  the  smallpox,* 
which  had  been  introduced  into  our  cantonments  by  the  indec- 
orous, yet  facinating  arts  of  the  enemy,  had  already  begun  its 
ravages.  This  temiJer  of  the  men  was  well  known  to  the  gen- 
eral. 

It  was  not  until  the  night  of  the  thirty-first  of  December,  one 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  seventy-live,  that  such  kind  of 
weather  ensued  as  was  considered  favorable  for  the  assault. 
The  forepart  of  the  night  was  admirably  enlightened  by  a  lum- 
inous moon.  Many  of  us,  officers  as  well  as  privates,  had  dis- 
Ijersed  in  various  directions  among  the  farm  and  tipj)lnig  houses 
of  the  vicinity.  We  well  knew  the  signal  for  rallying.  This 
was  no  other  than  a  "snow-storm.  "  About  13  o'clock  P.  M. 
the  heaven  was  overcast.  We  repaired  to  (puirters.  By  3 
o'clock  we  were  accoutred  and  began  our  march.  The  storm 
was  outrageous,  and  the  cold  wind  extremely  biting.  In  this 
northern  country  the  snow  is  blown  horizontally  into  the  faces 
of  tra.vellers  on  most  occasions— this  was  our  case. 

January  1st.  When  we  came  to  <'raig"s  house,  near  Palace- 
gate,  a  horrible  roar  of  cannon  took  place,  and  a  ringing  of  all 

*In  relation  to  the  small-pox,  the  circumstance  about  to  be  related 
is  most  assuredly  true,  as  it  is  known  to  mo  of  my  own  particular 
knowledge.  A  number  of  women  loaded  with  the  infection  of  the 
small-pox,  came  into  our  cantonments. 

In  the  spring  of  the  year  177(5,  our  aririy  was  reduced  by  decease  of 
men,  or  debilitation  of  body,  so  tliat  they  could  not  act  efl'ectivoly,  and 
in  the  eyes  of  the  world,  a  disreputable  retreat  took  place,  whicli  it 
was  not  then  quite  prudent  to  explain.  Now  it  may  bo  safely  asserted, 
that  great  numbers  of  the  soldiers  inoculated  tiiemselves  for  the  small- 
pox, by  laceration  under  the  finger  nails,  by  means  of  pins  or  needles, 
either  to  obtain  an  avoidance  of  duty,  or  to  get  over  that  horrible  dis- 
order in  an  easy  ami  speedy  way. 


i 

! 

! 


'.5 

Hi 


1:; 

u 

II: 
m 


132 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


the  bells  of  tho  city,  which  aro  very  nuiuoroiis,  and  of  all  sizes. 
Arnold,  headinfj  the  forlorn  hopt',  advanctul,  perhaps,  one 
hundred  yards,  before  the  main  body.  After  these,  followed 
Jiainb's  artillerists.  IMorgan's  company,  led  hi  the  8(!eondary 
part  of  the  column  of  infantry.  Smiths  followed,  headed  by 
Steele,  the  captain,  from  particular  causes,  beiuff  absent. 
Hendrick's  company  succeeded,  and  the  eastern  men,  so  far 
as  known  to  me,  followed  in  due  order.  The  snow  was  deeper 
than  in  the  fields,  because  of  the  nature  of  the  ground.  The 
l)ath  made  by  Arnold,  Ijamb,  and  Morgan,  w^as  almost  imper- 
ceptible, because  of  the  falling  snow  :  covering  thekxiks  of  our 
guns,  with  the  lajipets  of  our  coats,  holding  down  our  heads, 
(for  it  was  impossible  to  bear  up  our  faces,  against  the  impe- 
rious storm  of  wind  and  snow, )  we  ran  along  the  foot  of  tho  hill 
in  single  file.  Along  the  first  of  our  nni,  from  Palace-gate,  for 
several  hundred  paces,  there  stood  a  range  of  insula! eil  build- 
ings, which  seemed  to  be  store-houses,  we  passeil  these  quickly 
in  single  file,  pretty  wide  apart.  The  interstices  were  from 
thirty  to  fifty  yards.  In  these  intervals,  wti  received  a  tre- 
mendous fire  of  musketry  from  the  ramparts  above  us.  Here 
Ave  lost  some  brave  men,  when  powerless  to  return  the  salutes 
we  received,  as  the  enemy  was  covered  by  his  impregnable  de- 
fences. They  were  even  sightless  to  us,  we  cotdd  see  nothing 
but  the  blaze  from  the  muzzles  of  their  muskets. 

A  number  of  vessels  of  various  sizes,  lay  along  the  beach, 
moored  by  their  hawsers  or  cables  to  the  houses.  Pacing  after 
my  leader,  lieutenant  Steele,  at  a  great  rate,  one  of  those  ropes 
took  me  under  the  chin,  and  cast  uw  head-long  down,  a  decli- 
vity of  at  least  fifteen  feet.  The  place  appeared  to  bo  either  a 
drydock,  or  a  sawpit.  l\ry  descent  was  terrible;  gini  and  all 
was  involved  in  a  great  depth  of  snow.  Most  unluckily,  how- 
ever, one  of  my  knees  received  a  violent  contusion  on  a  piece 
of  scraggy  ice,  which  was  covered  by  the  snow.  On  like  occa- 
.sions,  we  can  scarce  expect  in  the  hurry  of  attack,  that  our  in- 
timates  should  attend  to  any  other,  than  their  own  concerns. 
Mine  went  from  me,  regardless  of  my  fate.  S(!rabbling  out  of 
the  cavity,  Avithout  assistance,  dive.sting  myi)erson  and  gun  of 
the  snow,  and  limping  into  the  line,  it  Avas  attempted  to  as- 
sume a  station,  and  preserve  it.  These  were  none  of  my 
friends— they  knew  me  not.  We  had  not  gone  tAventy  yards, 
in  my  hobbling  gait,  before  I  was  thrown  out,  and  compelled 
to  await  the  arrival,  of  a  chasm  in  the  line,  Avhere  a  new  place 
might  be  obtained.  Men  in  affairs  such  as  this,  seem  in  the 
main,  to  lose  the  compassionate  feeling,  and  are  averse  from 
being  dislodged  from  iheir  original  stations.  We  proceeded 
rapidly,  exposed   to  a  long  line  of  fire  from  the  garrison,  for 


fil 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


188 


now  wo  weroimproteotod  byaiiy  buildiiifjs.  Tim  firo  liml  slack- 
en«ul  in  a  Hinall  degree.  The  enemy  had  been  i)artly  called  off 
to  resist  the  general,  and  strengthen  the  i)arty  opposed  to 
Arnold  in  our  front.  Now  we  saw  colonel  Arnold  returning, 
wounded  in  the  leg,  and  suiiported  by  two  gentlemen,  a  par- 
son Spring  was  one,  and  iti  iny  belief,  a  Mr.  Ogden,  the  other. 
Arnold  called  to  the  troops,  in  a  cheering  voice,  as  we  passed, 
Tirging  us  forward,  yet  it  was  ol)servable  among  the  soldiery, 
with  whom  it  was  my  misfortunes  to  be  now  placed,  that  the 
colonel's  retiring  dam))ed  their  spirits,  A  cant  term  "We 
are  sold,"  was  re[)eatedly  heard  in  many  parts  throughout  the 
line.  Thus  proceeding  (enfiladed  by  an  aninuited  but  lessened 
lire,  we  came  to  the  first  barrier,  where  Arnold  had  been 
wounded  in  the  onset.  This  contest  had  lasted,  but  a  few 
minutes,  and  was  somewhat  severe,  but  the  energy  of  our  men 
l>revailed.  The  embrasures  were  entered  when  the  enemy 
were  discharging  then'  guns.  The  guard,  consisting  of  thirty 
persons,  were  either  taken  or  tied,  leaving  their  arms  behin<l 
them.  At  this  time,  it  was  discovered  that  our  guns  were  use- 
less, because  of  the  dami)ness.  The  snow,  which  lodged  in  our 
fleecy  coats,  was  melted,  by  the  warmth  of  our  })odies.  Thence 
came  that  disaster.  Many  of  the  party,  knowing  the  circum- 
stance, threw  asi«le  their  own,  and  seized  the  Uritish  arms. 
These  were  not  only  elegant,  but  were  such,  as  befitted  the 
hand  of  a  real  soldier.  It  was  said,  that  ten  thousand  stand 
of  such  arms,  had  been  received  from  England,  m  the  previou^ 
summer  for  arming  tlie  Canadian  militia.  Those  people 
were  loath  to  bear  them  in  opposition  to  our  rigtils.  Prom 
the  first  barrier  to  the  second,  there  was  n.  circular  course  along 
the  sides  of  houses,  and  partly  through  a  street,  probably  of 
three  liundreds  yards,  or  more.  This  sectmd  barrier,  was 
erected  across,  and  nt;ar  the  mouth  of  a  narrow  street,  adjacent 
to  the  foot  of  the  hill,  which  opened  into  a  larger, leading  soon 
into  the  main  body  of  the  lower  town.  Here  it  was,  that  the 
most  serious  contention  took  place:  this  Ix'cain*!  the  boin^  of 
strife.  The  admirable  Montgomery,  by  this  lime,  (though  it 
was  unknown  to  us,)  was  uo  more;  yet,  we  expected  moment- 
arily, to  join  him.  The  firing  on  that  side  of  the  fortress  ceased, 
his  division  fell  under  the  command  of  a  colonel  Campbell,  of 
the  New-York  line,  a  worthless  chief,  who  n^trealed,  without 
making  an  effort,  in  jmrsuance  of  the  general's  original  plans. 
The  inevitable  consequence,  was,  that  the  whole  of  the  forces 
on  that  side  of  the  city,  and  those,  who  were  opposed  to  the 
dastardly  persons  employed  to  makethe  fulseattacks,  embodied 
and  came  down  to  oppose  our  division.  Here  was  shari)-shoot- 
ing.     We  were  on  the  disadvantageous  side  of  the  barrier,  for 


I 

m 


134 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


such  n  purpose.  Confined  in  u  narrow  street,  hardly  more  than 
twenty  feet  wide,  and  on  the  lower  ground,  scarcely  a  ball, 
well  aimed  or  otherwise,  but  must  take  effect  upon  us.  Mor- 
{jan,  Hendricks,  Steele,  Humphreys,  and  a  crowd  of  every  class 
of  the  army,  had  gathered  into  the  narrow  pass,  attempting 
to  surinount  the  barrier,  which  was  about  twelve  or  more  feet 
high,  and  so  strongly  constructed,  that  nothing  but  artillery, 
could  effectuate  its  destruction.  There  Avas  a  construction,  fif- 
teen or  twenty  yards,  within  the  barrier,  upon  a  rising  ground, 
the  cannon  of  which,  much  overtopped  the  height  of  the  bar- 
rier, hence,  we  were  assailed,  by  grape  shot  in  abundance — 
This  erection  we  called  the  platform  Again,  within  the  bar- 
rier, and  close  in  to  it,  were  two  ranges  of  musketeers,  armed 
with  muskets  and  bayonet,  ready  to  receive  those,  who  might 
venture  the  tlangerous  leap.  Add  to  all  this,  that  the  enemy 
occupied  the  upper  chaml)ers  of  the  houses,  in  the  interior  of 
the  barrier,  on  both  sides  of  the  street,  from  the  windows  of 
which,  we  became  fair  marks.  The  enemy,  having  the  advan- 
tage of  the  ground  in  front,  a  vast  superiority  of  numbers,  dry 
and  better  arms,  gave  them  an  irresistible  power,  in  so  nar- 
row a  space.  Humphrey's  upon  a  mound,  which  was  speedily 
erected,  attended  by  many  brave  men,  attempted  to  scale  the 
barrier,  but  was  comjielled  to  retreat,  by  the  formidable  pha- 
lanx of  bayonets  within,  and  the  weight  of  fire,  from  the  plat- 
form and  the  buildings.  Morgan,  brave  to  temerity,  stormed 
and  raged,  Hendricks,  Steele,  Nichols,  Humphreys,  equally 
brave,  were  sedate,  though  under  a  tremendous  fire.  The 
l)latform,  which  was  within  our  view,  was  evacuated  by  the 
accuracy  of  our  fire,  and  few  jjersons,  dared  venture  there 
again.  Now  it  was,  that  the  necessity  of  the  occupancy  of  the 
houses,  on  our  side  of  the  barrier,  became  api)arent.  Orders 
were  given  by  Morgan,  to  that  effect— We  entered — this  was 
near  daylight.  The  houses  were  a  shelter,  from  which,  we 
could  fire  with  much  accuracy.  Yet,  even  here,  some  valuable 
lives  were  lost.  Hendricks,  when  aiming  his  rifle  at  some  prom- 
inent person,  d:'ed  by  a  stra,ggling  ball,  through  his  heart.  He 
staggered  a  few  feet  backwards,  and  fell  upon  a  bed,  where  he 
instantly  expired.  He  was  an  ornament  of  our  little  society. 
The  amiable  Humphi-eys  died  by  a  like  kind  of  wound,  but  it 
was  in  the  street,  before  we  entered  the  buildings.  Many 
other  brave  men  fell  at  this  place,  among  these  were  lieutenant 
Cooper,  of  Connecticut,  and  perhaps  fifty  or  sixty  noncommis- 
sioned officers,  and  privates.  The  wounded,  were  numerous 
and  many  of  them  dangerously  so.  Captain  Lamb,  of  the 
York  artillerists,  had  nearly  one  half  of  his  face  carried  away, 
by    a  grape  or  canister  shot.     My  friend  Steele,  lost  three  of 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


185 


his  fingers,  as  he  was  presenting  his  gun  to  fire  ;  captain  Hub- 
bard and  lieutenant  Fisdie,  were  also  among  the  wounded. 
When  we  reflect  upon  the  whole  of  the  dangers  at  this  barricade 
and  the  formidable  force,  that  came  to  "annoy  us,  it  is  a  mat- 
"  ter  of  surprise,  that  so  many  should  escape  death  and  wound- 
ing, as  dif'  "*  All  hope  of  success,  having  vanished,  a  retreat 
was  cont(  .ted,  but  hesitation,  uncertainty,  and  a  lassitude 

of  mind,  which  generally  takes  place,  in  the  aflfairs  of  men, 
when  we  fail  in  a  project,  upon  which,  we  have  attached  much 
expectation,  now  followed.  That  moment  was  foolishly  lost, 
when  such  a  movement  might  have  been  made  with  tolerable 
success.  Captain  Laws,  at  the  head  of  two  hundred  men,  is- 
suing from  Palace-gate,  most  fairly  and  handsomely  cooped  us 
up.  Many  of  the  men,  aware  of  the  consequences,  and  all  our 
Indians  and  Canadians,  (except  Natanis  and  another,)  escaped 
across  the  ice,  which  covered  the  bay  of  St.  Charles,  before 
the  arrival  of  captain  Laws.  This  was  a  dangerous  and  desper- 
ate adventure,  but  worth  while  the  undertaking,  in  avoidance 
of  our  subsequent  sufferings.  Its  desperateness,  consisted  in 
running  two  miles  across  shoal  ice,  thrown  up  by  the  high 
tides  of  th'  '  ititude— and  its  danger,  in  the  meeting  with  air 
holes,  dec  ely  covered  by  the  bed  of  snow. 

Speakiiifj  cumspectly,  yet  it  must  be  admitted  conject- 
urally,  it  seems  to  me,  that  in  the  whole  of  the  attack,  of  com- 
missioned officers,  we  had  six  killed,  five  wounded,  and  of  non- 
commissioned and  privates,  at  least  one  hundred  and  fifty 
killed,  and  fifty  or  sixty  wounded.  Of  the  enemy,  many  were 
killed  and  many  more  wounded,  comparatively,  than  on  our 
side,  taking  into  view  the  disadvantages  we  laboured  under ; 
and  that  but  two  occasions  liappened  when  we  could  return 
their  fire,  that  is,  at  the  first  and  second  barriers.  Neither  the 
American  account  of  this  affair,  as  published  by  congress,  nor 
that  of  sir  Guy  Carleton,  admit  the  loss  of  either  side  to  be 
so  great  as  it  really  was,  in  my  estimation.  It  seems  to  be  an 
Tuiiversal  practice  among  belligerants  of  all  nations,  to  lessen 
the  number  of  the  slain  of  the  side  of  the  jmrty  which  reports 
the  event,  and  to  increase  it  on  the  i)art  of  the  enemy.  Hav- 
ing had  pretty  good  opportunities  of  forming  a  just  opinion 
yn  the  subject,  it  is  hoped  that  gentlemen  who  have  thought 
or  written  differently,  will  not  disdain  to  listen  to  my  argu- 
ment. As  to  the  British  ;  on  the  platform  they  were  fair  ob- 
jects to  us.  They  were  soon  driven  thence  by  the  aciiteness  of 
or  shooting,  which  in  our  apprehension  must  have  destroyed 
many.     Perhaps  there  never  was  a  body  of  men  associated. 


W 


*  See  general  Nichol's  letter. 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


\fi 


,]  I 


1^ 


wlio  better  understood  the  use  and  manner  of  employing  a 
rille,  than  our  corps:  which  by  thin  time  of  the  attack,  had 
tlieir  guns  in  good  order.  When  we  tooli  possession  of  the 
houses,  we  had  a  greater  i;-nge.  Our  opportunities  to  kill» 
were  enlarged.  Within  one  hundred  yards,  ^^very  man  must 
die.  The  British,  however,  were  at  home— they  could  easily 
drag  their  dead  out  of  sight,  and  bear  their  wounded  to  the 
hospital.  It  was  the  reverse  with  us.  Captain  Prentiss,  who 
commanded  the  provost  guards,  would  tell  me  of  seven  or  eight 
killed,  and  fifteen  or  twenty  wouiuled.  Opposed  to  this,  tlie 
sentries,  (who  were  generally  Irishmen,  that  giuirded  us  with 
much  ^jimplicity,  if  not  honesty,)  frequently  admitted  of  forty 
or  fifty  killed,  and  many  more  wounded.  The  latter  assertions 
accorded  with  my  opinion.  The  reasons  for  this  belief  are 
these:  When  the  dead,  on  the  following  days,  were  transported 
on  the  carioles,  passed  our  habitation  for  deposition  in  the 
"dead  house,"  Ave  observed  many  bodies,  of  which  none  of  us 
had  any  knowledge :  and  again,  when  our  wounded  were  re- 
turned to  us  from  the  hospital,  they  uniformly  spoke  of  being 
surrounded  there,  in  its  many  chambers,  by  many  of  the 
woui  '•  of  the  enemy.  To  the  great  honor  of  general  Carle- 
ton,  ;  were  all,  whether  friends  or  enemies,  treated  with 
like  attention  and  humanity.  The  reason  why  the  wounded  of 
our  side  V)ore  so  small  a  proi)ortioii  to  the  dead,  seems  to  be 
this:  In  the  long  course  wo  ran  from  Palace-gate  to  the  first 
barrier,  we  lost  many  men  who  were  killed  outright,  but  many 
more  died,  who  were  merely  wounded,  yet  in  i;uch  a  manner, 
as  in  a  milder  region,  to  make  the  case  a  cural)le  one.  A  blow 
from  a  nail  so  large  as  that  of  a  musket,  staggers  a  man, 
whether  the  wound  be  in  tlie  arm,  leg  or,  elsewhere  ;  if  in  stag- 
gering, he  falls,  he  comes  down  into  a  deep  bed  of  snow,  from 
which  a  hale  man  finds  it  very  difTicuU,  to  (»xtricate  himself. 
Five  or  ten  minutes  struggling  in  such  a  Ixnl,  l)enunibs  the 
strongest  man,  as  frequent  experience  has  taught  me ;  if  the 
party  l)e  wonnded,  though  but  slightly,  twenty  or  thirty  min- 
utes will  kill  him,  not  l)ecause  of  the  severity  of  t,'».^  wonnd, 
but  by  the  intensity  <»f  the  frost.  These  are  my  oi)inioiis ; 
grounded  on  a  tolerably  distinct  and  accurate  knowledge  of 
l)articular  cases,  whic'n  occurred  in  tin?  llrst  j)ar(  of  the  attack, 
and  a  variety,  of  information  obtained  afterwards  from  indi- 
vidual sufferers,  who  were  persons  of  credibility,  rescued  f?'om 
death  by  the  humane  activity  of  governor  (^arh'ton.  About  9 
o'clock,  A  Al.  it  was  appariMit  to  all  of  us,  that  wo  must  sur- 
render. It  was  done.  On  this  occasion,  my  friend  general  l'\ 
Nichols,  by  his  own  native  spirit,  ])ersev<>rance  and  determined 
bravery,  obtained  an  honorable  distinction,  and  acknowledg- 


■■\ 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


m 


moiit  from  a  brave  and  distinguished  enemy.  It  enhances  his 
merit,  anil  tlie  Ijoou,  (when  we  rellec.r  that  that,  enemy  was  no 
other  than  general  Carleton,)  an  ornament,  sncli  as  weald 
grace  any  nation,  whether  in  the  worst  or  best  of  times.  Some 
privates  came  to  lieutenant  Nichols,  and  demanded  his  sword; 
the  requisition  was  i)tM-emi)torily  deniiHl,  though  there  was 
great  risk  in  the  refusal.  Ho  retaineil  his  sworil,  till  meeting 
with  captain  Endesly  of  the  enemy,  to  whom  it  was  surrend- 
ered ;  but  with  tlie  exaction  of  a  promise  that  it  should  be  re- 
turneil  wheuhe,  the  captive,  should  l)t>  released.  In  the  August 
following,  before  our  embarUatitm  lor  New-York,  captain  En- 
desly waitetl  on  ''eutenaut  Nichols,  and  in  the  presence  of  all  the 
American  olTicnvs,  re-delivered  the  sword,  under  the  assurance, 
that  it  was  l)y  fhe  permission  arul  command  of  general  Carle- 
ton.  This  trait  in  the  character  of  Carleton,  adds  to  the  ce- 
lebrity of  his  derivation,  and  maiuier  of  thinking,  and  casts, 
into  a  darli  ground,  the  characters  of  most  of  the  principal 
British  ollicers,  ])articidariy  tlu;  Scotch,  who  had  nnu!h  iu- 
rtuence  in  those  days,  and  bore  towaivls  us  an  intemperate 
hatred. 

The  commissioned  olTlcers,  and  some  of  tin*  cadets,  were  con- 
ducted to  the  seminary,  a  resi)ectal)ie  l)uilding.  It  became 
my  lot,  in  one  way  or  other,  to  be  lost  in  the  crowd,  and 
to  1)0  associated  with  the  non-connuissioned  ofTicers,  in  Ihe 
company  of  souu^  of  whom,  ardent  and  i)erilous  duties  had 
been  undergone.  These  men  are  by  no  means  to  be  lessened 
in  character,  by  contrasting  them  with  the  levies  nuule  in  Eu- 
rope, or  those  made  since  that  time  in  our  owTi  coinitry.  Many 
of  our  sergeants,  and  even  of  our  ])rivates,  were,  with  good 
educations,  substantial  freeholders,  ni  our  own  country.  Upon 
a  former  occasion,  you  weri>  told  tin*  story  of  (he  res[)ecta,b!e 
Di.\(m.  lie  ])ossessed,  (if  sordid  wealth  makes  the  man,) 
twofold  the  rielies  of  his  captain  ;  and  if  it  Ix*  permitted  me  to 
decide  upon  the  characters  of  nu>n,  five-fold  his  uiidcMstnndiUij^, 
activity  and  spirit.  Amial)le  Dixon!  ^fii,iiv  of  these  men,  in 
the  progress  of  Ihe  bloody  scenes  wliieli  ensued,  l)ecame  props 
of  onr  glorior.s  cause,  in  deftMice  of  our  sacrcul  liberties.  All 
could  be  named.  Let  a  fewsnlThM'.  Thomas  l?oyd,  so  often 
spoken  of  In  the  Avilderness  for  Ids  good  humor,  his  act  ivity 
and  the  ititeusity  of  his  sulferings  ;  sinig;_yh'(l  gloriously  for  his 
life  us  a  captain,  and  died  a  dreadful  (h^ith  by  the  hands  of 
the  savages  in  1770,  in  the  expedition  conducted  by  general 
Stdlivan  against  the  Six-nation  Indians. "     ('harles  Porterlleld, 

*'riio  (Iciith  ef  my  friend  l5oyil,wiis  lonieasii  tlnm(leiliolt;piiiiiru!  in 
nil  oxcoHsive  (l(>gn'e  ;  iiiany  ii  tenr  luis  since  l(e(<n  slieil  to  Ills  niuiiOH. 
In  tlio  uuluum  uf  1771),  liu  cuumiundud  ucumpuiiy  uf  rillu-men,  uf  tlio 


i  .)■. 


i'  ii  n, 


sr  ': 


■ija 


1.1ft 


HKNRY'S  JOUIIXAL. 


who  lost,  his  ]if(>  in  tho  battle  of  Camdon,  whon  in  tho  station 
of  a  colonial.  Joseph  Aston,  of  Lainh's,  who  served  his  country 
throughout  tlie  war,  and  was  proniotinl  to  a  majority.  J)ocl()r 
Thomas  (ribson,  of  Jleiidrieks'  who  died  in  the  performaneo 
of  ills  (hity,  at  tile  Valley  l''or}j^e,  in  tlie  winter  of  1778.  Robert 
(.'tnniini^ham,  a  wealtliy  freeliold»M'  of   Smith's,  wlio  here  im- 

iirst  Poimsylvjuiiarfgnnont.  When  Sullivan  hud  ponotnitinl  into  tho 
Sonociicountry,  in  tlionnijrhborlioodof  thoOonessoorivor.  lioyd,  as  my 
infermalion  is  Iron:  various  ^cntlomou,  was  ordered  with  a  l)and  of 
twenty  choico  men, before  daylight  to  make  an  excursion  towards  an 
Indian  villan;e,  on  the  ri  vtM'(;en(!ssee,  (which  (lowsnorth  intolaUoOn. 
tario, )  at  a  tlistanee  of  eigiit  miles,  for  tho  purpose  of  making  discover- 
ies. In  his  return,  arriving  at  a  rising  ground,  a  knoll,  he  lieard  a  rust- 
ling of  the  leaves  in  lusfront  :au  eiMMuy  was  suspected;  lie  gatliered  Ins 
menarouiullum,  each  taking  bis  tnu).  The  eiu'iny  was  sight Ufss  to  lioyd 
and  Ins  i)arty,  yt  the  approach  around  hiuj  was  sensible  to  every  one. 
Hoj-(i  not  knowing  tho  nundier  of  Ins  asssailants,  it  is  said,  considered 
them  as  a  small  body  ofobservatiou.  This  party  ofliulians,  probably 
one  thousand,  «>ncom|iassed  Hoyd  ami  his  men,  gradually:  a<lefeiuro 
worthy  of  the  diaracter  of  Hoyd  took  place.  Every  nuui  lu)  had  was 
killed,  except  three,  who  broke  through  the  Indians,  and  brought 
tho  doleful  tidings  to  our  camp.  I?oyd  was  taken,  and  carried  alive, 
to  the  Indian-town,  where  he  was  tortured  after  (heir  savage  oistom, 
ajul  his  body  niangbnl  in  the  most  horrid  manner.  ( JeneralSimjison, 
who  was  then  with  the  army,  assures  me,  that  on  the  following  day, 
when  the  troops  arrived  at  the  town,  in  the  wigwams,  they  found  a 
nuuiiicr  of  IVcsh  scalps  stretched  in  the  usual  manner  on  small  lioopa, 
and  [laiided.  The  licad  of  Hoyd  lay  in  one  of  tho  cabins,  newly  tlis- 
severod.  I  lis  scalp  was  still  moist  ami  hooped  and  painted.  Simpson 
ki\ew  it  by  its  long  brown  and  silky  hair  :iL  is  now  preserved  as  a  r(^li(5 
ofourfrieml.  An  otllcer,  (captain  A.  llemlerson,)  lately,  indescribiug 
thisunecpud,  but  arduous  light,  upon  the  i)art  of  I5oyd,  told  me,  "  that 
the  tiaudsof  tluMlead  uuMi,  in  many  instances,  were  fast  dosed  upon  tho 
liair  of  Indians." 

To  give  you  a  moro  perfect  idcaof  the  brutalltyof  savage tortuo,  and 
of  hearl-rcuding  sensalious.  1  can  <lo  no  bctlter  than  to  lay  before 
you,  the  letter  of  the  hiMiorable  Thomas  Camplx^ll,  of  tho  senate,  who 
himself  has  been  a  martyr  in  our  cause.  Me  saw  the  (V)rpse  of  the  un- 
fortunate I?oyd  on  the  followiiig  ilay,  and  interred  it.  Siutu)  the  th'alh 
of  colonel  ("rawford  we  km)W  nothing  like  the  ]>rescnt  martyrdom,  in 
tho  cause  of  liberty;  and  it  is  to  bo  liopinl,  Irom  the  prudence  and 
strength  of  (hefeileral  government,  nothing  of  the  kind  will  again  oc- 
cur in  oin'  future  wars  with  the  aborigines  of  our  country. 

"SKNA'rK    (^UAM  HKU,    li.\  N(  AS  riMl 

./((uiKiyi/  WOth,  1801). 
•«STTl, 

"Captain  llotUonaiit  Thomas  Hoyd,  belonging  to  the  rillemen   of 
"thestate  of  Pennsx  1  vaina,  was   most  inlunnaidy  unirdered   by  the 


CAMPAKjIN  AUAINST  (illKI.HC. 


139 


bihod  thn  sowls  of  that  (lisor(ler,\vhioli,  at  too  curly  an  ago,  liurri- 
«(I  him  to  tho  grave.  H(^  wusayoiingt'i"  hrothrr  of  t  liut  cxcelltuit 
citi/.(Mi,  and  frecjiunit  rtqtn'sciitat  iv»' of  tin'  ptMtphiof  the  county 
of  Lancaster,  JaiiieH  (Jiiniihtghain.  In  .short,  many  others 
might  be  mentioned  in  the  general,  an  \v(jrthy  and  well  in- 
fornuHl  as  tlitdr  superiors,  without,  in  anywise,  imputing  to  the 
lat  ter,  in  so  saying,  liie  sliglitest.  «legrt^(^  of  disparagennint.  This 
will  always  be  the  ease,  when  the  great  l)ody  of  a  nation  rises 
in  its  strengtii  to  defend  its  rights.     Tliose  who  understand  i\w 

•♦  Indians.  Ilisdeatii  occiMTod  on  tlio  VMh  (lay  of  JSoptomher,  1770,  at 
"the  (i(!iiossoot'astl(!,  on  gonoral  Sullivan's  expedition  to  tlio  north- 
•'  west-wanl,  against  the  Six-nation  Indians. 

"  He  wass(!iit  on  tlio  night  <if  tlio  12lh  of  Soptotnbor,  from  tho  (iamp, 
"neara  lakocallod  "C()n(!siis,"willi  a  party  of  nnsn,  (lonsistmgof  twenty 
"soldiers,  live  volunteers  and  an  Indian  elii((f,  nainod  llan-Jost,  Ih)- 
"longitig  to  tho  On(uda  nation:  in  all  twenty-sovon  in  number. 
"They  were  sent  by  guiionilSullivau,  to  reconnoitre  an  Indian-town 
"suj)posed  to  bo  about  six  miles  distant  from  the  eamp.  On  the 
"morning  of  tho  12th  of  Scsptember,  tho  army  looli  up  tho  lino  of 
"mareli  txM'oro  sunrise,  but  mareliing  a  short  distaiKM!,  was  obliged  to 
"halt,  till  the  jiioneeis  made  a  bridge  over  a  morass,  otherwise  the 
"(■aiuu)!!  could  not  have  been  brouglit  up.  'The  town  that  ea[)tain 
"  IJoyd  was  taken  to,  was  evacuated  by  all  excerpt  two  Indians,  ono 
"  was  on  horseback,  tho  olhcir  was  leading  a  row.  Jauuis  lOllioL  and 
"Timothy  Murphy  wore  sent  to  stop  them,  they  both  (iis(!liarged  their 
"guns  at  the  same  time,  the  oiu)  that  led  tho  cow  waskilled,  the  other 
"though  severely  wounded  esiiaped.  Hoyd  returning  slowly,  ex- 
"poetingtomoetthoarmy  saw  an  Indian  start  up  and  run  oil".  It  was 
"with  great  dilUculty,  that  r>oyd  stopt  the  men  from  pursuit,  at  tli«» 
"ro<pu!stof  llan-.lost,  who  said  the  Indian  was  only  "a  v/t7/,»,rr,"  sent 
"to  draw  them  hito  an  ambuscade.  Highteen  of  tho  soldiers  were 
"killed,  and  I  Ian-lost  tins  Oiu'ida  chief;  was  madea  gr(iater  sac^rifiee, 
"than  any  of  the  white  men,  who  fell  or  were  taken  at  that  i>laco. 

"Captain  IJoyd  and  Mii'liacl  Parker  were  made  prisoners,  and  takc^n 
"to  tho  (tonesseo  ('astlo,  and  tlior(>  most  inhumanly  murdered. 
"  lloyd's  Jicad  was  taken  OiT  and  totally  skiuiu'd,  his  right  eye 
"was  taken  out,  as  also  his  lougut*.  His  right  foot,  from  the  ball 
"of  tlio  heel  to  tlio  toes,  was  laid  open  as  if  with  a  knife.  Ho 
"was  (Mit  open  ai'ross  tho  bottom  of  his  belly,  and  his  bowcds  were 
"tak<m  out,  and  a  \<^rylong  knife,  was  sticking  in  bctAV(;en  his  slioul- 
"  dors,  doHoonding  to  the  vital  i)arts.  'I'liis  seems  to  havo  boon  tho 
"conj)  do  grac(\ 

"(JeiKMni  Simpson  and  mysolf,  were  sent  to  sei^  the  corpse  of  IJoyd 
"interred.  I  spread  a  blanket  on  tho  ground  bosldo  him,  we  then 
"turneil  tlui  corpse  over  oil  it.  I  took  the  head  of  the  d(>ceasod,  and 
"put  it  as  near  tho  n(»ek  as  possible.  1  procured  a  needle  and  thread 
"  from  one  of  tho  taylors,  ami  sewed  tho  corpse  up  as  woll  as  I  coulil. 
"  Ah  to  tho  hoa<l  of  Mhdiael  Parker,  it  c<Hild   not  be  found.     All    the 


'  <,\ 


I  i' 


140 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


I  m 


pt'^: 


point  in  quPHtion,  in  a  national  dispntt^  and  aro  most  Ktron^iy 
inii)resHed  witli  its  iuii>ortan(;e,  will  be  the  first  to  arm.  Tiiis 
has  !)etMj,  and  ever  will  be,  the  dispositions  of  men  in  all  a{j;(;s 
l)ast  or  toccjme,  whenever  their  privilej^es  arc^  invaded.  OOlees 
of  prime  importance,  cannot  be  (obtained  by  all.  Men  of  tal- 
ents, of  genius  and  courage  must  stepinto  subordinate  stations. 
Socrates,  Alcil)iad«'s  an<l  Demosthenes,  fought  in  the  ranks. 

(.iod  in  his  great  goodnt>ss  grant,  in  the  future  vicissitu«l(!s  of 
the  world,  that  our  countrymen,  wiiemiver  their  essential 
rights  shall  l)e  attacked,  will  divest  themselves  of  all  party  pre- 
judice, and  devote  their  lives  a,nd  properties  in  «lefence  of  tin? 
sacred  liberties  «)f  their  count  ry,  without  any  view  to  emolu- 
ment, but  that  which  springs  frotn  glorious  an<l  honorable  ac- 
tions. l*ardon  me  for  frequent  digression,  upon  this  subject 
particularly,  as  my  wholes  soul  was  botnid  up  in  our  catise,  you 
must  forgive  me.  The  real  apology  is,  wo  were,  all  of  ns,  en- 
thnsiastic  whigs. 

When  iMider  guard,  in  the  moridng  of  the  first  of  ,lanuary, 
colonel  ]\ri)ougal,  a  Scotch  gentleman,  near  noon,  came  to 
review  us:  his  p»'rson  was  known  to  meat  Detroit,  as  an  in- 
tinuite  of  an  uncle,  three  years  before  this  time.  The  colonel 
was  nattirally  polite  and  kind-hearted.  When  it  came  to  my  turn 

"  (Icsli  was  cut  out,  from  his  shoulders  downward,  and  otliorwise  his 
"  boiiy  was  most  inhumanly  niangloil. 

"  Woiutorrod  tiio  corpses  of  l»oUi,  near  the  Ooncsaoe  Castio,  in  sopa- 
"I'ato  graves,  on  tlie  1  Ith  day  of  Sopteml)cr,  1779. 
"I  am  Sir, 

"  Your  hund)lG  servant 

"THOMAS  GAMPTiELTi. 
^^ Late,  it  v.ajilaiti  of  the, /on rih 

"  PennayhHi.  rrf/iincnt, 
"ToTUK  Hon.  .Toitn  .Tos.  Hknuv." 

Thougii  we  liavo  no  account  from  an  eye  witness,  of  the  barbarous 
manner  in  which  captain  Hoyd  was  torlurodyet  we  may  conceive  from 
tiio  appearance  of  Ins  l)oily,  that  tlio  most  nialignant  and  JioUish  i)ainH, 
wore  exercised  upon  it.  The  being  euil)o\velled,  conveys  an  idea  of 
11  known  moilo  of  IiuUan  tormeiU  :  the  fixing  an  end  of  tiio  entrails  to 
tlio  stake,  and  compelling  the  prisoner  liy  tiro  and  blows,  to  run  till 
the  conj5lonu!rated  mass  is  expanded.  Upon  the  sidjject  of  iheso  tor- 
tiu'cs,  look  at  Doctor  CoUlen's  History  of  the  Mohawks,  and  .Tudgo 
Snuth's  History  of  New-York. 

Colonel  Cainhell  is  of  opinion,  that  the  wotmd  along  the  solo  of 
captiiin  JlJoyd's  loot,  was  made  hcl'oretho  savages  brought  him  totheir 
(Castle)  or  village.  His  reason  is,  that  the  wound  was  tUlod  with  bits 
of  rotten  Itranchosof  wood,  iind  small  pieces  of  leaves.  The  conjec- 
tin-e  may  l>o  true,  as  Indian  i)unisinnent,  at  its  acme,  is  to  give  the 
greatest  degree  of  pain. 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUKliKC. 


141 


to  be  exainiiHul,  as  to  name,  plaoo  of  l)irtl),  &c.  hnsidns  makinf^ 
llu!  proper  answers  to  his  in(]uiri«'S,  1  was  einboldeiutd  1o  <!»'- 
clare,  1  hat  lie  was  known  tome.  Up  seemed  surprised,  hut  not 
displ(!as(ul :  a  recpiest  was  immc'diateiy  achled,  "that  lie  would 
"order  me  to  \h<i  transferrtvl  to  the  quarters  of  the  ofllcers." 
'•iSo,  my  dear  l)oy,"  said  he,"  you  liad  better  remain  where  you 
"are;  the;  oiIl(U'rs,  as  you  an>  in  rtibeliion,  may  l)e  sent  to  iMig- 
"land,  and  there  be  Iried  for  treason."  Tlie  advice  c>f  this  ven- 
erable veteran,  made  an  impression  ou  my  mind,  whieh  was 
then  ajjita.t<ul  by  a  thousand  vaj^rant  I  houf^hts,  and  involved 
in  doubt  and  uneertainty  as  to  our  destination.  We  then  well 
knew  of  the  voyaj^e  of  colonel  Ethan  Allen  to  England,  and 
the  manner  of  it;*  and  that  of  Georjje   Merchant,  our  fellow 

*Orth(3  troutmcnt  of  I'-thiUi  Alien,  at  the  time  spoken  of,  wo  knew 
notiiing  l)ut  IVoiu  report,  wiiicli  we  tiien  tliought  well  grounded,  and 
tlie  truth  of  wiiich,  at  this  (liiy,  there  is  no  reason  to  douht.  lie  was  a 
man  of  mu(!li  peculiarity  of  (liianictor.  Tiarj^o,  powerful  of  body,  a  most 
foroeioiis  temper,  (feariufj:  neitlier  (^Jod  nor  man,)  of  a  most  daring 
courage,  and  a  pertinacity  of  disposition,  whicli  was  un(!onqu((ralile, 
and  very  astonishing  in  all  hi.s  undertakings  :  withal  lie  had  the  art  of 
milking  himself  lieloved,  and  revered  liy  all  his  followers.  When  ho 
was  taken  in  the  Ishsof  Montreal,  in  177;"),  the  government  found  it  nec- 
essary to  conliue  him  in  a  cage,  as  ono  would  awild  hoast,  antl  thus 
aboard  ship,  lie  was  transported  to  Quehoe.  What  ids  treatment  Avas 
during  this  voyage  to  lOiigland  is  unknown  to  me. 

This  however,  is  known,  that  for  niuny  years,  he  was  a  i)risoner  in 
England,  returning  from  liis  captivity  to  America,  he  brought  with 
him  a  manuscript,  which  he  afterwards  entitled  "  The  Oracle  of  Rea- 
son." My  lieloved  children,  it  is  the  furthest  from  my  thouglit,  to 
coniine  your  knowledge  tonarrow  liounds;  when  you  dip  into  scrip- 
tural history,  dip  deep,  do  notK!  :ni  thesurface  of  the  subject, as  many 
fools  have  done  of  late  days.  Upon  a  thorough  imiuiry,  your  liearts 
will  1)0  animated  by  a  conviction,  that  there  (tame  a  Saviour  to  redeem 
you  from  eternal  perdition,  and  to  provide  for  you,  an  eternal  salva- 
tion and  state  of  happiness. 

That  book  vas  most  certainly  the  cf)mposition  of  I'Mlian  .Mien.  He 
was  very  illiterate  ;  he  did  not  know  tli(»orth()grai>hy  of  our  language. 
The  extent  of  hislearning,  probably  liouiuled  by  souks  histf)ri(!chroiii- 
clos,  and  a  few  other  books  of  little  account,  did  not  go  beyond  ti.o 
scriptures.  The  gentleman,  who  gave  me  the  above  information,  was 
an  idegant  scholar,  brcnl  at  Hiu'vard  coll(>ge,  (Joing  to  New-York,  in 
the  Hummer  of  178(1,  a  friend  from  UKsro  curiosity,  nHiuostod  iiw  to 
purchase  the  book  for  him.  being  detained  at  New-York  six  wiseks 
by  business,  I  frequently  looked  into  the  detestable  volume.  'I'lio 
argument.  If  ho  diabolic  a  work,  can  bo  said  to  contain  argument,  was 
in  general  arrange,  and  conducted  in  the  same  manner  as  the  "Age  of 
Keason,"  but  in  u  coarser,  and  yetaiiioreenergeti<'  language,  than  that 
of  tho  latter  work.    On  my  return  to  IMiiladelphia,  in  a  conversation 


I 


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143 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


soldiei*,  Imt  the  consequences  were  xinknown.  It  became  my 
determination  to  take  tlie  fatherly  ailvice  of  colonel  M'Dougal, 
for  it  was  really  delivered  in  the  ])arental  style,  and  to  adhere 
to  it.  He  brought  one  of  his  sons,  whom  I  had  formerly  known, 
to  see  moon  the  following  day.     About  mid-day  we  were  es- 

willi  tiio  Vcrmontesogontlemiin,  who  was  still  there,  <'  Ethiiu  Allen's 
bible,"  became  a  topic  of  (liscourso.  Ilogaveme  thiscuriousanocdotc, 
which  ho  avorroil  ui)ou  his  honor  to  bo  true.  A  young  gentleman, 
citheraseholar  of  Harvard  or  Yalocollege  had  come  into  Vermont,and 
there  taughtaschool.  Allen  labored  under  the  wantof  an  amanuensis 
and  transcriber,  of  knowledge  and  learning.  The  scholar  to  increase 
his  emoluments,  became  such.  Allen  attended  him  daily,  standing 
start"  in  hand,  at  the  back  of  the  young  man's  chair.  "  Sir,"  Jio  would 
say  to  Alien  "this  word  is  nuspelled,"  "Amend  it;"Again  "  this  word 
is  misplaced,  tho  sense  is  incorrect,  itc.  Allen,  who  was  most  ])rofane, 
would  swear  (sonujtimes  raising  his  start)  "  By  G  *  *  sir,  you  shall 
insert  it;  you  shall  not  alter  it."  Thus  the  "Oracle  of  Reason,"  came 
into  tho  worUl ;  which,  of  all  books,  is  the  most  bluntly  vicious,  as  re- 
gards tho  well-being  of  society  ;  the  salvation  of  souls  ;  and  tho  hap- 
piness of  those,  who  have  faith  in  tho  redemption,  by  tho  blood  of  our 
yaviour.  Rut  that  which  is  very  remarkable,  is,  that  long  after  the 
pul)lication  of  Allen's  book,  which  luid  fallen  into  oblivion,  even 
with  its  readers,  that  vile  reprobate,  Thomas  I'aine,  loaded  with  every 
crime,  which  stains  and  dishonors  tho  christian  and  tho  gcintlomen, 
(in  addition  to  his  shanu'i'ul  practices  in  life,  Paine,  as  an  author,  sup- 
peradded  i)lagiarism,)  lilched  from  Ethan  Allen,  the  great  body  of 
his  deisticiil.aiul  atheistical  opinions,  which  from  the  time  of  Celsus, 
down  to  tho  age  of  Chubb,  Tindal  and  others,  have  boon  so  often  re- 
futed by  nuMi,  of  the  utmost  respectability  of  character  and  fame. 
When  we  reflect. upon  tho  vicissitudes  of  this  world,  its  immense  rev- 
olutions in  temporal  artairs,  tiio  awful  persecutions,  Avhich  occured  in 
early  times,  tho  collisions  of  opinion  and  party  rage,  in  tho  article  of 
religious  belief;  and  the  vast  body  of  martyrs,  who  devoted  their 
lives  in  support  of  their  faith,  ire  iniii^t  believe,  that  there  is  something 
more  tlian  ordinary;  something  really  Divine  in  tho  system  of  our 
religion,  springing  from  (Jod  himself.  In  tho  last  ages,  we  kiu)\v  ol' 
many  of  both  sexes,  of  tho  soundest  and  best  instrucited  nnnds,  wliom 
it  is  ahnost  needless  to  name,  uiUessit  be  nu'rely  for  the  purpose  of 
opposing  their  virtues  and  characters,  to  persons  of  a  dirterent  mode 
of  Ihinking.  All  of  them  possessed  a  rtrm  and  solid  credence,  in  tho 
celestial  origin  of  our  holy-fail  h,  and  some  ot  them  sealed  their  creed 
with  their  blood.  When  such  men  suller  because  of  principle,  some 
reliance  shoidd  be  placed  on  their  good  sense  and  knowledge.  The 
terms  enthusiasm  and  madness,  Invve  been  too  often  coupled  ,  as  con- 
veying the  same  idea :  George  Fox,  captain  Meade,  and  William  Ponn, 
have  been  calhul  enthusiastic  nuidmen,  but  we  now  know,  that  they 
actcil  through  tho  course  of  tho  religious  jtarts  of  their  lives,  from 
a  conviction  of  the  principles  of  tho  gospel,  being  genuine  and  abso- 


'•    ;«   ,, 
11  li 


:!li 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


143 


corted  to  a  ruinens  monastery  of  the  order  of  St.  Francis,  called 
the  ReguUc.rs.  It  was  an  imniense  quadrangular  building, 
containing,  within  its  interior  bounds,  half  an  acre  or  more,  of 
an  area,  whicli  seemetl  to  be  like  a  garden  or  shrubbery.  The 
monks,  priests  or  what  not,  who  mhabited  the   house,  must 


lutely  true.  However,  on  this  bubje(!t,  buta  few  names  need  bo  re- 
poiitod  to  convey  to  your  minds  its  iini)ortan(;o  jiiid  solemnity.  Abiiiy 
of  tlio  greatest  men,  as  it  concerns  worldly  things,  were  christians. 
John  llu.ss,  Jerome  of  Prague,  Afartiiv  Ijuther,  .Fohn  Calvin,  Cranmor, 
Hooker,  Tillotson,  of  the  clergy  ;  of  the  laity,  Sir  Thomas  Moore,  Sir 
Matthew  Hale,  iS|)angenberg,  Mosheim,  Josepii  AiUiison,  Richard 
Steele,  Lord  Henry  Littleton,  Soanio  Jenyns,  and  thousand  of  others, 
all  meti  of  profound  learning,  have  testilied  by  their  lives  aiul  writ- 
ings, a  reliance  on  the  merits  of  the  redemption  by  the  blood  of  Christ 
Jesus.  But  when  wo  liiul  those  men,  supported  and  re-inforced,  by 
two  of  the  strongest  minded  men,  that  ever  lived;  Sir  Isasic  Newton 
and  John  Locke,  wiio  can  iloubt?  When  wo  contrast  tiicir  opinions, 
with  those  of  Hobhs,  Chuhb,  Henry  St.  John,  Voltaire,  J.  J.  llousseau, 
Beringer,  the  great  Frodericik  of  Prussia,  or  ^^r.  (Jibben,  how  deeply 
do  the  last  not  sink,  by  tlie  weight  of  reason  and  .argument?  Allen 
and  I'aiiu*,  are  jjaltry  wretcihes,  mere  scribblers,  if  classed  with  the 
men  last  named.  Those  were  beautiful  Avritcrs,  whose  language  fas- 
(unates,  but  corrupts  the  yoidhful  mind,  tiusse  are  dull  plodders,  who 
know  not  tlie  ])riiu'iples  ot  their  mother  tongiu; ;  but  it  is  j)erhaps 
from  tho  circumstance  of  illiterateness,  that  Allen  and  Paine,  have 
attacked  Christianity  in  so  gross  and  iiulecorous  a  maimer.  The 
maniac  Pained,  wiien  coulined  in  tho  prison,  Conciergerie,  at  Paris, 
seems  to  boast  "that  lie  kept  no  Hil)lo."  This  may  i>e  true.  But  the 
expression  shows,  that  his  i>roper  place  instead  of  a  common  jail, 
should  have  l)ecn  a  mad-house. 

It  shews  however,  a  vanity  of  mind  beyond  tlie  bearing  of  men  of 
understanding.  Indeed  he  was  inllatetl  by  a  supcircilious  pride,  and 
an  imaginary  importance,  which  made  his  society  undesirable.  He 
was  one  of  that  class  of  men,  who  with  a  small  spice  of  learning,  in 
company,  domineered  as  if  ho  lia<l  becMi  a  .Iohnsf)n.  lie  was  almost 
unbearable  to  many  men,  who  patronized  him,  because  of  the  good 
ert'ect  of  his  works  during  the  revolution.  To  give  you  a  few  instaiK^es: 
tho  late  David  Rittenlionsi^,  l''.sq.,  one  of  the  most  amiable,  most  in- 
genious and  best  of  men,  treasurer  of  the  state,  (Jeorj^o  Bryan,  I'^sq., 
the  vice-president  of  the  council,  a  man  of  gn>at  reading  and  much 
good  sense,  Jonathan  Sergeant,  the  attorney  general  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, whose  oratorical  jtowers,  could  scarcely  be  surjiassod,  and  your 
grand-father,  and  many  otiicr  gcnllemcti  of  character,  during  the 
course  of  the  j'ears  '77,  '78  and  '7(l,  W(M'e  m  habits  of  intimacy 
with  him,  but  his  dogmatic  disposition  and  oiistina.cy  of  mind,  fre- 
(juently  caused  gre.at  disjfust.  Again,  ('olonel  Samuel  .lohn  Attlee,  an 
excellent  patriot,  and  a  man  of  uoto  among  us,  both  in  the  military 
and  civil  capacities  of  aciti?.on,gavo  this  auocdoto  tome,  afewnuHiths 


I1|i:l 


m4 


144 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


have  been  few  in  nnmber,  as  for  my  part,  not  more  than  half 
u  dozen  of  distinct  faces,  cariie  into  my  view  while  we  staid  hei'e. 
We  entered  by  the  ground  lloor,(that  is  by  the  cellar,)  the  build- 
ing on  that  side  being  built  on  the  declination  of  the  hill,  which 
in  this  part  of  the  city  is  very  uneven.     The  apartments  on  our 

after  the  occurrencG  Jiappened.  Though  sill  the  gentlemen  present, 
approved  of  tlio  writings  of  Paino,  as  tliey  concerned  our  political 
state,  for  tliey  were  all  of  them  to  a  man,  good  whigs,  yet  they  ab- 
horred him.  because  of  his  personal  aberrations  from  virtue,  and  the 
decencies  of  social  life.  A  Mr.  Meeso  of  Philadelphia,  who  Avas 
clothier-general,  had  invited  a  number  of  gentlemen  of  the  army, 
then  in  the  city,  to  dine  with  him.  Among  whom  were  colonel  Att- 
lee,  colonel  Francis  Johnson,  general  Nichols,  and  many  members  of 
the  legislature  of  whom  there  was  Matthias  Slough  of  Lancaster 
You  may  readily  suppose,  that  the  excellent  wine  of  Mx%  Mecse,  ex- 
hilerated  the  company.  When  returning  to  tlieir  lodgings,  colonel 
Attlee  observed  Paine  connng  towards  tlicm  down  Market-street. 
There  comes  "  Ccmmon  Sense,"  says  Attlee  to  the  company.  "Damn 
him,  says  Slough,  I  shall  common  sense  him."  As  he  approached  the 
party,  they  took  the  wall.  Mr.  Slovjgh  tripped  him,  and  threw  him 
on  his  back  into  a  gutter,  which  at  that  time,  was  very  ofl'ensive  and 
lilthy. 

Tliis  is  told,  to  communicate  a  trait  to  you,  inthocharacter  of  Thomas 
Paine,  who  did  some  good,  but  a  vast  deal  of  harm  to  mankind,  "that 
the  very  people  who  were  most  benefitted  by  his  literary  labours, 
hated  him."  The  company  I  have  spoken  of,  were  all  men  of  emi- 
nence in  tlie  state  ;  men  who  staked  their  aH,  on  the  issue  of  the  revo- 
lution. The  writings  of  Paine  as  concerns  it.s,  are  many  of  them 
handsomely  worded,  have  pith  and  nmcii  strength  of  argument,  and 
are  in  general  correct,  yet  his  domestic  life  and  manners,  were  so  very 
incorret-t,  that  a  ilisgust,  whicli  was  perhaps  riglit,  destroyed  every 
favorable  personal  feeling  towards  him.  His  iiulelicac^'' was  intoler- 
able. His  numbers  of  Common  Sense,  the  Crisis,  and  some  other  of 
iiis  fugitive  pieces,  every  American  who  recollects  those  "trying 
times,"  must  acknowledge  to  have  been  extremely  lienohcial  to  our 
cause.  Tins  lias  often  been  admitted  by  our  generals  Washington, 
'.  iates,  CJ  reent>,  A'c.  but  lie  was  comi>ensated,  and  had  the  secretaryship 
for  foreign  affairs.  Like  all  men  of  bad  principles,  ho  l)efrayod  his 
trust,  and  a  virtuous  Congress  displaced  him,  yet  the  difl'erotit  states 
more  tiian  remunerated  him  for  all  his  writings. 

So  it  is,  tliattliatman,  whowaswitliout  virtue,  adisturberof  society, 
an  ill  husbantl,  an  unwortiiy  citizen,  cloaked  l)y  every  vice,  would 
now  by  his  "Age  of  Reason,"  which  ho  stole  from  iheignorant  Ethan 
Allen,  wlio  was  as  iniquitous  as  himsolf,  destroy  the  peace  of  nnnd 
and  all  the  the  hope  of  iiai>pinoss  in  futurity,  of  those  who  rely  on  the 
reilemption  of  their  souls,  by  tiio  blood  of  Clirist;  and  that,  without  sub- 
stituting or  even  suggesting,  any  otlier  manner  of  faith,  tending  to  riiuet 
the  minds  of  Hiuners.     I  knew  Paine  well,  and  that  personally,  for  he 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


143 


right,  as  we  entered,  seemed  to  be  lilled  with  governmental 
stores,  and  of  provisions  of  all  kinds.  They  made  us  ascend 
a  large  staircase  into  an  upper  story,  where  we  were  compli- 
menteil  with  two  sides,  or  rather  a  part  of  each  of  the  sides  of 
the   quadrangle.     The  whole  building  would  have  accommo- 

lodged  in  tlio  liouso  of  my  ftither,  during  the  time  that  general  Howe 
and  Clinton,  wore  in  Philadelphia.  Hi.s  Jiost  often  regretted  the  en- 
tertainment ho  gave  him.  His  manners  were  in  opposition  and  hostile 
to  the  observances  of  the  proprieties  and  due  ordinances  of  social  life. 
Many  who  approved  of  his  political  writings,  abominated  his  detesta- 
ble niodo  of  living  and  acting. 

[I  am  justified  in  using  these  expressions,  by  an  occurrence  In  1794, 
with  my  own  mother.    She  was  a  woman  of  strong  understanding, 
and  of  unfeigned  and  rigid  belief  in  Iho  truths  of  Gospel-history,  yet 
a  dispassionate  placid  and  mihl  religionist.     Her  heart  was  so  free 
from  thinking  ill  of  any  one,  that  of  a  truth,  of  her  it  nught  be  said, 
"she  knew  no  guile."    One  day  going  to  a  bookseller's  in  Lancaster, 
I  met  with  an  extract  in  the  shape  of  a  jiamphlot  of  Doctor  Joseph 
Priestley's  "History  of  the  Corruptions  of  Christianity."    Never  hav- 
ing seen  any  of  that  gentleman's  polenuo  works,  it  was  purchased. 
My  mother  as  usual,  came  in,  in  tlie  evening,  to  sit  and  couvei-so  with 
my  familj'.     I  was  reading  the  pamphlet.     ''What  have  you  got?" 
"A  work  of  Doctor  Priestley's  on  religion."     I  was  then  at  the  cliap- 
ter  of  the  "  Doctrine  of  the  A  tonement  of  Christ,"  for  the  sins  of  the 
world.     The  title  of  tlio  chapter  excited  tlio  attention  of  my  mother. 
Before  she  came  in,  the  passage  liad   been  partlj'  perused,  and  she 
eagerly  asked  me  "  to  read  the  whole  of  it  to  her?"  I  began,  but  had 
scarcely  proceeded  tiu'ough  two  or  three  pages,  when  she  rapped  the 
book  from  my  hands,  and  threw  it  into  the  lire,  where  it  was  most  de- 
servedly burned.    Smilingly,  I  said  mother,  why  do  you  destroy  my 
book  ?    The  reply  was  with  uu  observable  degree  of  anger,  "because 
your  book  would  destroy  my  hapinness,  in  tiiis  and  the  world  to  come ! 
I  know  that  1  have  a  Saviour,  Avho  redeemed  me,  whose  blood  was 
shod  upon  the  cross  for  mo  :  of  this,  I  am  convinced.   Your  book  goes 
to  make  mo  doubt  of  tiio  merits,  of  th«  sidTerings,  of  that  Saviour. 
Tho  book  woulil  deprive  nicof  the  only  stall",  upon  whicli  my  hope  of 
salvation  rests,  and  gives  mo  none  other,  upon  which   I  can  loan." 
These  notions  of  my  beloved  mother,  winch  accorded  fully  with  my 
own,  on  that  topic,  wore  submitted  to  with  a  j  uvenilo  frankness,  which 
pleased  her,  and  of  all  tho  world,  I   know  none,  wlioin  I   so  nnich 
wished  to  oblige,  as  tliat  dear,  annablo  and  instructive  mother.     My 
father  had   been  a  mechanic  of  much   respectability,  and  great  skdl. 
During  tiio  war,  usually  called  "Hradock's  war."  and  afterwards  in 
Forbes' campaign,    (in   1758,)   ho  was  at  the  head  of  tho  armoury, 
which  in  those  days,  was  no  mean  station,  and  required  talents  of  a 
superior  grade.     Afterwards,  having  made  a  tolerablo  fortune,  he  en- 
tered into  trade,  but  his  inclinations  led  hnn  into  chymical  oxperi- 
10— Vol.  XV^ 


m 


i  I)- 


146 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


I 


C     / 


1 1' 


dated  four  thousand  men.  Monkish  spirit  must  have  been  in 
high  vogue,  when  so  great  a  pile  could  be  erected,  merely 
from  the  aims  of  the  people,  and  that  too,  for  so  egregiously 
aVjsurd  a  purpose.  The  ranges  of  the  rooms,  though  exten- 
bive  in  the  length  of  the  galleries,  were  small  in  their  size,  he- 

ments.  His  evenings  and  mornings,  were  devoted  to  the  laboratory. 
This  gave  rise  to  mj"-  mother's  acquaintance  with  Mr.  Priestly,  as  an 
experimental  philosopher.  For  the  Instruction  of  his  children,  my 
father  would  discourse  upon  the  subjects  of  science  and  particularly 
of  chymistry,  which  was  his  favorite  theme,  and  in  which  the  names 
of  Franklin  and  Priestley,  were  sure  to  stand  foremost.  My  beloved 
parent's  manner,  showed  me  that  she  was  stung  to  the  quick.  My 
apology  to  hei",  had  the  desired  effect,  as  her  curiosity  and  minp, 
sprung  from  similar  motives  "  a  desire  to  know  the  religious  opinions 
of  a  man,  of  whom  wo  had  had  superlative  ideas,"  because  of  his  ac- 
quirements in  many  other  branclies  of  knowledge. 

The  position  wished  to  be  proved  to  you,  by  this  relation  ;  which  is 
true,  is  "that  for  the  sake  of  public  and  private  comfort  and  genial 
"happiness,  it  is  better  not  to  disturb  tno  devout  mind  by  fanciful  and 
"newfangled  schemes  of  belief,  and  that  those  should  be  open  only 
"to  the  eyes  of  the  med  !"  My  mother  was  a  person  of  extensive 
reatling ;  her  religioiis  tenets  and  faith,  were  solely  grounded  on  the 
scriptures,  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  as  tliese  in  her  mind, 
were  considered  as  clearly  correct,  but  nevertheless,  slio  was  fearful 
of  a  disturbance  of  her  mind  by  the  quirks  and  quibbles  of  deistical 
scribblers.  Therefore  to  interfere  with  her  devotional  principles,  in 
so  rude  and  heterodox  a  manner,  tended  to  derange  her  charming 
mind,  and  devastate  tliose  elegant  maxims  of  Christian  belief,  which 
tlio  excellency  of  her  maternal  education  had  infused  into  her  heart ; 
in  siiort,  to  destroy  that  firmness,  with  which  she  relied  on  the  merits 
and  sufferings  of  our  Lord  and  Saviour  Jesus  Thrist. 

Such  men  as  Hobbs,  Chubb,  itc.  seem  not  to  have  reflected  on 
tiie  dreadful  ills  and  calamities,  their  writings  would  create,  if 
their  books  came  into  general  circulation.  If  they  did  reflect,  pos- 
terity ought  to  consider  them  to  have  been  the  tygers  and  hyenas  of 
human  society,  opposed  to  the  well-being  of  the  human  race.  Vol- 
taire and  John. lames  Rousseau,  in  my  humble  opinion,  mtended  well 
to  the  people  of  France,  i)ut  when  speaking  of  those  gentlemen,  we 
should  recollect,  that  they,  as  well  as  the  virtuous  and  celebrated 
Montesquieu,  were  the  subjects  of  a  prince,  who  might  if  he  pleased, 
be  despotic  :  but  that  which  was  still  worse,  Avas,  that  the  people  wore 
abandoned  to  the  control  of  a  theological  aristocracy — bigoted,  wealtliy, 
imperious  and  scandalously  subjected  to  vices,  in  many  instances, 
greater  than  those  of  laymen,  insomuch,  that  in  the  reign  of  IjOuIs 
XIV.  because  of  the  infamous  lives,  aiul  the  oppressions  of  all  classes 
of  the  nation  by  the  clergy,  there  was  scarcely  a  gentleman  in  the 
kingdom,  who  was  not  deistically  inclined.  For  when  the  ministers 
of  a  religion  of  so  high  sanctity,  as  that  of  our  Holy  Faith,  demean 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


147 


Ing  scarcely  more  than  ten  by  twelve  or  fourteen  feet.  The 
galleries  were  about  twelve  feet  wide  ;  many  rooms  were  coiii- 
fortaVjJe,  others  were  dilapidated.  Ten  or  a  dozen  of  our  poor 
fellows,  were  compressed  into  one  of  these  small  rooms.  So 
much  the  better,  as  it  served  to  keep  them  the  warmer.     Boyd, 

themselves  in  a  manner,  which  evinces  to  laymen,  their  want  of  coii- 
tidence  in  tlie  religion,  (wiiich  tliey  had  been  consecrated  to  propa- 
gate and  enforce, )  by  an  uniioly  life  and  conduct,  particularly  in  their 
cruel  exactions,  Irom  devotees;  in  the  latter  instance,  of  enormous 
fees,  and  various  demands  of  tithes  of  a  mostexorbitant  nature,  wiiich 
from  time  to  time,  tiiey  wickedly  usurped.  Hence,  itarosethat  Mont- 
esqueiu,  Voltaire,  Diderot,  Rosseau,  and  hundreds  of  others,  of  the 
learned  men  of  France,  (considering  the  stale  of  tiiat  government,) 
formed  a  piaalanx  of  historic  knowledge,  geniuno  reasoning,  true  wit, 
and  an  inexliaustal)lo  fund  of  humour  wiiich  slurred  their  oi)pononts 
to  sudi  a  degree,  as  in  tlie  minds  of  tlio  generality  of  Europe  gave 
them  a  deserved  victory  even  over  tlio  government,  whicii  supported 
the  tlieocratrj"-,  witli  its  vast  power.  It  also  most  i)robably,  came  from 
thence,  that  tlioso  men  under  tlio  clerical  persecutions  raised-against 
them,  (for  many  were  confined  in  the  dungeons,)  in  the  heat  of  con- 
troversy, emitted  opinions  and  ideas,  inconsistent  with  our  pure  simple 
and  holy  religion,  according  to  the  Augsburg  creed,  which  we  know, 
has  been  adopted,  eitlierin  the  wiiolo  or  in  part,  by  all  tlio  reformed 
cliurclies.  In  polemic  disputes,  and  perhaps  more  particularly,  in 
those  whicli  happen  in  monarchies,  there  is  an  acrimony  and  irasci- 
bility of  temper,  inllaming  the  minds  of  men  generally,  greaterthaii  in 
the  case  in  democracies.  The  cause  seems  to  bo,  that  in  monarchies, 
the  priesthood  becomes  a  machine  of  government,  in  democracies,  it  is 
the  vehicle,  by  which  the  people  simply  adore  God. 

Those  controversies,  between  the  so  styled  piiilosophers  of  France 
and  tlio  clergy,  were  conducted  with  such  hatred,  and  obloquy  to- 
wards each  otiior,  that  they  elicited  sparks,  which  enkindled  that 
nation,  in  a  dreadful  llaine  of  internal  destruction  ;  and  tlio  brand  lias 
not  only  communicated  itself  to  all  Europe,  but  in  general  to  the  world 
at  large.  Since  the  time  of  .lulius  Caesar,  notliing  has  occurred  equal 
in  barbarity,  irruption,  bloodshed,  murder,  by  public  or  domestic 
treason,  as  that  wiiich  has  happened  in  Europe,  since  the  j'ear  1789. 
Gracious  and  omnipotent  God,  restore  the  peace  of  the  world  ! ! !] 

Such  is  the  man,  wlio  upon  his  slight  intercourse  with  the  American 
people,  pluming  himself,  with  the  well-<>anied  celebrity  of  his  politi- 
cal pieces,  that  now  presumes  to  become  a  reformer  of  our  morals,  our 
religious  opinions  and  thinkings  on  Divine  subjects  :  He  himself  a 
reprobate,  <'loaked  by  every  vice,  would  dictate  to  a  great  and  inde- 
pendent christian  people,  tlieir  formulary  of  belief.  Such  insolence 
and  presumption,  was  never  before  witnessed  unless  it  was  in  the  in- 
stance of  Mahomet,  or  in  those  of  tiie  impostures,  (such  as  Salibati 
Sevi, )  who  frequently  as  Messias,  appeared  to  deceive  the  remnant  of 
the  Jewish  people.     Paino  with  all  his  other  vices  had  a  foible  inju- 


1 


I 


III 


%   i 


148 


HKNRY'S  JOURNAL. 


r.'i;: 


Cnnninghnm,  find  a  few  of  our  intimates,  took  possession  of  a 
room  near  a  large  stove.  Tlie  first  week,  we  slept  most  uncom- 
fortably.    Ora(5ious  Grotl!  what  did  we  not  sulT'er. 

It  was  now  that  Ave  fully  learnt  the  destinies  of  our  dear  and 
revered  general,  and  hiscompanions  in  death.   But  allow  me  be- 

rious  to  our  country.  To  keep  up  the  spirits  of  the  people  it  was  re- 
quisite, that  there  should  he  a  series  of  patriotic  publications.  Paine 
was  the  most  indolent  of  men  ;  if  ho  was  inspired  hy  a  muse,  the  god- 
dess most  certainly,  made  him  but  few  visits.  The  olhce  of  "secre- 
tary of  foreign  affairs,"  was  conferred  upon  liim,  liecause  of  the  merit 
of  his  "Common  Sense,"  or  what  are  called  the  "  Crisis,"  imdcrtho 
signature  of  "  Common  Heiise."  It  was  to  liim  personally  a  sinecure. 
Ho  never  went  to  York  (Penn.)  where  Congress  then  sat,  but  occa- 
sionally, and  staid  but  a  day  or  two.  His  true  employment,  was  that 
of  a  political  writer.  In  the  suunner  and  winter  of  1777,  and  1778,  he 
was  an  inmate  of  my  father's  liouse,  as  Avere  the  late  David  Ritten- 
houso,  the  state-treasurer,  and  John  Hart,  a  member  of  the  then  "  ex- 
ecutive-council." 

Paine  would  walk  of  a  morning  until  12  o'clock;  come  in  and  make 
an  inordinate  dinner.  The  rising  from  table  was  between  two  and 
three  o'clock.  He  would  then  retire  to  his  bed-cliamber,  wrap  a 
blanket  around  him,  and  in  a  largo  arm  cnair,  take  a  nap,  of  two  or 
three  hours — rise  and  walk.  These  walks  and  his  indolence,  surprised 
my  parents;  they  knew  him  as  the  author  of  "Common  Sense,"  who 
had  written  patriotically,  and  in  those  writings,  promulgated  some 
moral  and  religious  ideas,  whitih  induced  them  to  believe  he  was  an 
orthodox  christian.  Indeed  Paine,  during  the  revolution,  was  careful 
to  emit  no  irreligious  dogmas,  or  any  of  liis  lato  diabolic  ideas;  if  he 
had,  the  good  sense  of  the  American  people,  their  virtue  and  un- 
feigned Avorship  of  the  Deity,  avouUI  liaA'e,  in  those  days,  banished  him 
from  their  country.  Your  grandfatlier's  feelings  a  fcAv  months  before 
his  death,  (Avhich  occurred  on  the  15th  of  December,  1786,)  Avhen 
speaking  of  the  unbeliever  (Paine,)  Avere  truly  poignant ;  for  noAV 
the  Avretch's  true  character  had  began  to  open  on  the  world.  He  la- 
mented Avith  tears,  that  he  liad  over  admitted  him  into  his  house,  or 
had  a  personal  acquaintaniic  and  intercourse  Avith  him.  HcAvas  from 
conA'iction,  a  sincere  christian,  couA'crted  by  the  scriptures  ;  of  a  strong 
mind,  and  of  a  most  tender  conscience. 

Do  not  permit  any  thing  noAV  said,  to  induce  you  to  undervalue  the 
sagacity  of  my  father,  for  he  was  wise:  but  of  so  benevolent  a  mind, 
that  in  the  common  affairs  of  life,  ho  held  a  principle  in  morality  as 
true,  Avhich  is  by  no  mean  generally  received;  to  Avit,  "That  avo 
should  consider  every  one  as  possessing  probity,  until  we  discover 
him  to  be  otherwise."  Othergentlemen  think  differently.  However, 
it  may  well  bo  maintivined  that  the  side  my  father  took  on  this  topic^ 
which  I  have  often  hoard  argued,  accords  Avith  the  true  spirit  of  the 
gospel,  the  other  side  is  stoicism.  From  these  last  observations,  you 
Avill  readily  perceive  how  easy  it  Avas  to  impose  on  my  father.     This 


CAMPAIGN  AGAI.VST  (^UEHEC. 


140 


fore  the  detail  of  that  sad  story,  to  give  you  an  anecdote  :  Thf 
merchants  of  yiiel)ec,  like  those  of  England  and  our  country, 
are  a  spirited  and  generous  sect  in  society:  they  applietl  to 
governor  Carleton,  and  obtained  leave,  to  make  us  a  "new- 
year's  gift."  This  turned  out  to  be  no  other  than  a  large  butt 
of  porter,  attended  by  a  proportionate  quantity  of  bread  and 
cheese.  It  was  a  present  which  exhilerated  our  hearts,  and 
drew  from  us  much  thankfulness.  We  shared  more  than  n 
l>int  per  man. 

General  Montgomery  had  nuirched  at  the  precise  time  stipu- 
lated, and  had  arrived  at  his  destined  place  of   attack,  nearly 


i.s  the  reason  for  his  entertaining  Paine.  I  have  said  that  Paine  was 
indolent.  Take  this  as  an  instance  :  The  Cri.sis,  No.  V,  is  but  n  short 
political  essay,  to  be  sure  of  great  skill  in  the  composition,  of  much 
eloquetit  invective,  strong  reasoning,  S(Mno  historic  anecdote,  and  a 
fund  of  rediculo  which  titled  the  i)assions  of  the  times.  But  re(!ollect 
that  this  piece,  to  Paine,  was  a  labour  ofthrco  months  in  theenditing. 
It  was  written  in  my  lather's  house.  Mr.  D.  Rittenhouse  inhabited 
the  front  room,  in  the  upper  story,  where  was  the  library.  There  he 
kept  the  office  of  the  treasury  of  Pennsylvania.  The  room  of  Mr. 
Hart  and  Paine,  was  to  the  left  hand  as  you  come  to  the  stair-head 
entering  the  library. 

When  my  wound  in  1778,  was  so  far  mended,  that  hobbling  on 
crutches,  or  by  creeping  up  stairs,  (as  you  may  have  seen  mo  of  late 
years  do,)  my  greatest  recreation  in  my  distressed  state  of  mind,  was 
to  get  into  tho  chamber  of  Mr.  Rittenhouse  where  the  books  were. 
There,  his  conversation,  (for  he  was  most  alFable, )  enlivened  my 
mind,  and  tlie  books  would  so  amuse  it,  that  it  became  calm,  and 
some  desperate  resolutions  were  dissolved.  While  that  excellent 
man  was  employing  his  hours  in  tho  duties  of  his  office,  for  the  bene- 
fit of  tho  people,  Paine  would  be  a  snoring  away  bis  precious  time  in 
his  easy  chair,  regardless  of  those  injunctions  imposed  upon  him  by 
congress,  in  relation  to  bis  political  compositions.  His  remissness,  in- 
dolence or  vacuity  of  tliought,  caused  great  heart-burning  among 
many  priniiirv ''iMracl  s  inthosedays.  I  have  heard  tho  late  Georges 
Bryan,  Es  ;ireHident  of  the  council,  speak  of  his  gross 

negl<    Is  ble  harshness.      I  would  sometimes  go  into 

P  a  ^ith  him.     His  Crisis,  No.  V,  lay  on  his  table, 

d  .  ;  Lo  >  hre      i    four  lines  would  bo  added,  in  the  course  of  a 

w«  .,adoz(  aiore,  and  soon.  No.  V.  is  dated  21st  March,  1778,  but  it 
was  not  pul  I  ished  until  some  monthsafter  that  date.and  it  wasgenerally 
thought  b>  (ood  whigs,  that  it  had  been  too  long  delayed.  For  my 
own  part,  I  wiis  so  passionately  'nged  at  iieart,  in  the  i)rinciples  of 
our  cause,  that  Paine's  manner  :i\  ing  and  acting,  gave  me  a  high 
disgust  towards  him.     No  id<  uld   enter  my  mind,  that  any  one 

in  that  noble  struggle  could  I  ,oor  disengaged.  As.to  myself,  mj'' 
sensations  were  such,  that  the  1  inple  of  a  Decius  might  have  been 
renewed. 


160 


HKNHVS  .Toil  UN  a  l 


rim  t 


i  ■' '^ 


m 


alxxit  tho  1iiiu>  wo  attacked  iho  llrst  bjirvior.  Ho  was  not  ono 
that  would  loit«>r.  Coioiicl  (!(iini)l)oll,''<)l' tlu»  Now- York  troops, 
a  lai'g«',  ^yoo(l-lo()kin>jf  man,  wlio  was  s<m*.oiuI  in  (■«)niinanU  of  Uiat 
party,  and  was  tlottnunl  a  votoran,  a(M'.«>nipani(Ml  tlin  army  to 
flio  assault  ;  his  station  was  rearward,  {r«MM>ra.l  Montxomm'yt 
with  Ids  aids,  wrrc  at.  tho  point  of  tho  column. 

It  is  impossiblo  to  k<^'*^  >'**"  '>•  '•>'>''  '^>>*l  <'oniploto  idoa,  of  tlio 
naturo  and  situation,  of  tito  plaoo  solely  with  tho  pen  -  tho  pon- 
oil  is  rocpnrod.  As  by  tin*  sp<'«'.ial  porndssion  of  (fov»*rninont, 
ohtaintMl  ))y  tho  ^ood  oHUm^s  of  captain  I'rontis,  in  thosiimmor 
followini^;  JJoyil,  a  fow  otiiors  and  mysolf,  rovi«nv«ul  tluicaus<*s 
of  «Mir  disast«M';  it  is  thon^forc  in  my  power,  so  far  as  niyabili- 
tii's  will  permit,  to  j?ivo  y»>u,  a  lolera,i)l(^  notion  of  tho  spot. 
Capo  ]>iamond,  nearly  rosond>les  tho{^r<'al  Jultiii}^  rock,  which 
is  in  the  narrows  at  lltnd«>r's  falls,  on  tin*  Suscpu'hanna.  Tiio 
rock,  at  tho  latter  place,  shoots  out  as  sto»*ply  as  that  at  Que- 
bec, but  by  no  mean  forms  s«)  >^r«>at  an  an^;Ie,  on  Iho  margin 
of  tho  ri\»'r;  but  is  more  craggy.  Ther»>  is  a.  stronger  and 
more  obvious  ditToronco  in  tho  comparison.  When  yon  sur- 
mount tht>  hill  at  JSt.  Charles,  or  thc>  8t.  l;awrencosido,  which, 
to  tlm  oy«i  ar<>  «'(puilly  high  and  sti'op,  you  llnd  on  i\l)raliam'H 
I'lains,  and  upon  an  extensive  champaign  country.  Thoy 
lyrds-oyo  view  arouml  Quebec,  boar.",  a  striking  confornnty  to 
tlio  scitesof  Northumberland  and  IMttsburg,  in  Pennsylvania, 
V)ut  thtt  fonuiM"  is  tm  a  more  gigantic  scale,  and  each  of  tho 
latter  want  tho  ste(>i)noss  ami  craggynossof  th»»  back  ground, 
ami  a,  (h»pth  of  rivers.  This  detail,  is  to  instruct  you  in  tho 
goographical  situation  of  Qu»>bec,  and  for  tlio  solo  purpoS(>  of 
explaining  the  manner  of  gi'uoral  Moi;Ug<Mi:,.i-y"s  death,  and 
the  reasons  of  our  failurt\  From  Wolf's  <-ovo,  there  is  a  good 
beach,  down  to,  and  around  "Capo  IHamond."  Tlio  bulwarks 
of  tho  city,  came  to  the  edge  of  tho  hill,  above  that  jilaco. 
Thence  down  tlu'  side  of  tho  precipice,  slantingly  to  tho  brink 
of  tho  rlv«'r,  thori>  was  a  stockade  of  strong  posts,  llftoon  or 
twenty  feet  high,  knit  logothov  by  a  stout  vailing,  at  bottom 
and  top  with  pins.  This  was  no  moan  defence,  and  was  at  the 
distance  of  t»no  hundred  yards,  from  tho  point  of  thtM'ock. 
Within  this  palisade,  and  at  a  fow  yards  from  tlio  very  point 
itself,  there  ivas  .i  like  palisade,  tliongl>  ii  did  not  run  so  high 
up  tlio  hi'!.      A>.;ain,  within  Capo  niaiuond,  and  i>rol)ably  at  a 


<lisiani'o    of    llftv  \ards,    there    stood 


a 


bl 


ock-iiouso,     which 


seemed  t<»  take  up  tlio  space,  between  iho  foot  of  tho  hill,  and 
tlie  precipitous  bank  of  tlio  river,  leaving  a  cart -way,  or  pas- 


*Thiswns  nht  my  friend  <"ol.  'Phninas  Campbell  of  York,  (Ponn.) 
Ho  WHS  tlghting  tho  l>uttlos  otCiir  country  at  Boston. 


OAMPAKm  ACfAINST  QUKHKC. 


ini 


HHf?o  on  oaoh  Hi«l(*  of  it.  Wlinn  lioif^^ht h  and  (liHtaticoH  aro  Hpokon 
of,  you  niuHt  rncollei*.),  that,  tlio  lUsscriptioii  «if  Capo  Diamond 
an<l  itH  vi(;init.y,  iH  niontiy  that,  of  t  im  ryr,  niadn  aK  it  wont  runn- 
iii({,  iindtn*  tiio  inspt^ction  of  a.n  oi1i(M*r.  Th*t  n^viow  of  tlio 
ground,  our  army  luid  acted  upon,  wan  acconhtd  iih,  aH  a  par- 
ticular favor.  I£vcn  to  liavo  Htctppcd  tlic  Hpac.cH  in  a  formal 
nutnncr,  would  hav*;  Ix-cii  diHhonorahlct,  if  not  aHpnrirHof  trcji,- 
Kon.  A  l)loc,k-h«)UH<>,  if  well  contruc.tcd,  inan  admirabh;  nHrth«)fl 
of  dwfonct!,  which  in  the  proccHK  of  th»  war,  to  our  cost,  waw 
fully  (ixpcriciHHMl.  In  the  iiiKtance  now  heforc  uh,  (though 
the  iioUHo  waH  not  huiit  npon  the  most.  approv«>d  princi|>leH, ) 
yet  it  waH  a  formiilahie  oJ)j«)ct.  It  was  a,  scpuin;  of  perhaps 
forty  or  llfty  feet.  The  large  logs  neatly  squared,  were  tightly 
bound  together,  by  dove-tail  w:>rk.  If  not  much  mistaken, 
the  lower  story  uontaintMl  loop-holes  for  nnisketry,  so  narrow, 
that  those  within,  coidd  not  be  liarrned  from  without.  The 
upporstory,  had  four  or  more  i)ort  holes,  for  (>annon  of  n,  large 
calibre.  These  g(nis  were  charged  with  grape  or  <ianni.ster 
Hhot,  and  were  |)oiided  with  exactness  towards  theavcuiue,  a,t 
Capo  Diamond.  'J'he  hero  Montgonuiry  cn.me.  The  drowsy 
or  druidi<Mi  giuird,  did  not  hear  tin;  sawing  of  the  ]>osts  of  the 
first  pa.lisades.  Here,  if  not.  every  erroneous,  four  posts  were 
sawed  anil  thrown  aside,  so  as  to  admit  four  men  abreast  The 
column  entertul  with  a,  numly  fortitndo.  Montgomery,  accom- 
pani<'<l  by  his  a.ids,  M'Pherson  ii.nd  Cheesenmn,  advancted  in 
front.  Arriving  at  tin*  second  palisade,  the  general,  with  lih 
oirn  /muf/s,  sawed  down  two  of  the  pickets,  in  such  a  nninrn>r, 
aH  to  admit  two  men  abreast.  'I^hese  saw<Hl  picskets,  wereclo.se 
U!ul(*r  tin*  hill,  and  l»ut  a  few  yards  from  the  very  point  of  tin* 
rock,  out  of  the  view  ami  fire  of  the  einMiiy,  from  tins  block- 
bouse.  Until  our  troops  advanced  to  the  point,  no  harm  could 
ensue*,  bnt  by  stont*s  thrown  from  abov<!.  Kvcn  now,  tlu're 
had  been  but  an  imperfect  discovery  of  the  :idvancing  <>f  an 
enemy,  and  that  oidy  by  the  intoxi<rated  ^^uard.  The  giuird 
(led,  tint  g«*neral  advanced  n,  f<*w  paces.  A  drunken  sailor  re- 
tnrned  to  his  gun,  swearing  he  w<tnld  not  forsake  it  while  nn- 
disclmrged.  This  fiu't  is  related  from  the  testimony  of  the 
giia.rd  on  tin*  nmrningof  our  capture,  sonn- of  iliose  saii«irs 
being  our  guard.  Applying  the  match,  this  single  discharge, 
d<*|)rive(l  ns  of  «.'.!r  excellent  commander.* 

Kxamiidng  the  spot,  the  onicrr  who  escorted    ns,  ])rofessing 
to  be  one  of    those,   who    first    conn*   to   the   place,   after   the 


*I  hftve  related  thin  nn  I  rocoivod  it — from  my  own  knowledge,  1 
can  say  nothing — I  loavo  to  tho  world  to  dotermiuo  tlio  credibility  tho 
story  is  ontitlud  to. 


152 


HKNRVS  jorHNAL. 


!".'£, 


(loath  of  lh(>  tj^<>iu>ral,  .sliowoti  (ho  posilion  in  whicJHho  k<>ii-> 
oral'H  body  wan  fomul.  h  lay  (wo  jtaccs  li*)m  (ht>  brink  of  (ho 
rivor,  on  dio  back,  thoiiruiH  i>\(ou«li^(l  (JhouHoinan  hiy  on  Ihn 
loft,  an<i  M'l'hoi'.son  on  (ho  ri^iit,  in  a  (rian^niar  ponidon. 
Two  olhor  briLvo  nn>n  lay  noar  (honi.  'IMio  ^i-onnti  abov<»  «io- 
woriboil,  was  vLsihul  bv  an  in<iniHi(ivo  oyo,  ho  tlia(<yoii  may  roly 
wi(h  Homo  iinplioidioHH,  on  (ho  (rndiof  tho  piotnro.  Ah  all 
Uaii^or  from  wi(hon(  hod  vaninhod,  (ho  Kovorninon(  had  not 
only  ponnidod  (ho  mndliiiod  pidinadoH  to  romain,  wi(hon(. 
riMunving  (ho  onolonnro,  bnt  tho  vory  ndokn,  Hawod  by  (lio 
hand  of  our  oomniandor,  ndll  lay,  nd'owod  about  (ho  Hpo(. 

(^»h)nol  t'anipb(>||,  a]>pallod  by  (hodoaih  of  (ho  (j^onoral,  ro- 
troatod  a.  ii((io  way  from  Capo-Dijimond,  on(  of  (ho  roaoh  <)f  (  h«» 
cannon  *>f  (h»>  blook-lionso,  and  pro(«>nd«'dly  oall<>d  a  connoil 
of  oHlcTH,  who,  it  was  said,  jiiHdIlod  hin  rooi'din^^'  from  tho 
M((ack.  If  rnshin^^  on.  as  milKary  dn(y  ro(piirod,  and  a  bravo 
man  W'onld  hav(<  dono,  (ho  blo»ik-honso  mi^jht  havo  botMi  ooou- 
piod  by  aHnnill  niind)or,  and  was  unassailablo  from  widiont,  but 
by  ciuuion.  From  tho  blook-honst*  to  tho  conlro  of  tin*  lowor 
town,  whoro  wo  woro,  (horo  was  no  obs(a('lo  (o  impod«>  a  f«>roo 
so  pi>worful,  as  (ha(  lujdor  ('ol»>nol  Campboll. 

Cowartlioo.  or  a  watd  of  yjood  will  (owards  our  oauso,  loft  uh 
to  otu"  misorabU' f«i(o.  A  jnnodon,  (hou^h  wo  mijfht  not  oon- 
(pn>r  (ho  for(  ross,  would  onablo  us  (o  iiuiik<>  an  honoral)lo  ro- 
troa(,  (hou^h  widi  (ho  loss  of  many  valiiabbdivos.  ("iiiupboll, 
who  was  ovor  a.f(oi'  oonsiilorod  aH  a  poh  roon  in  ^rain,  ro(  roatod, 
loavin^f  tho  boilios  ot  (ho  gonorai,  iM 'IMiorson  ai\il  ('hoosonmn, 
to  bo  ilovourod  by  du>  do^s.  Tho  dis(^us(  oaust^l  a.mon^  us, 
as  (o  (.'am|»b(>il,  was  so  ^roii(  as  lo  orcatt'  ( lu>  nntdirisdan  wish, 
that  ho  miglU  bo  llau^:od.  In  tha.(  dosuhory  jHuMod,  (hou^h 
ho  was  (ri>>d.  ho  was  aciniii  (od  :  (ha(  was  also  (ho  cast^  of  «'ol- 
on»>l  Knos.  whodosor(od  us  on  (Iw  Konnoboo.  Tluu'o  nt^vor 
woro  (wo  nu>n  more  wordiy  of  punishmoni  o\'  (ho  most  oxeni- 
plary  kind. 

(.>u  (ho  (bird  or  fourdi  of  .laniuiry,  bt>in>j;  as  it  w<^ro  <U)nuiH- 
tica(od  in  (ln>  sor^oaut  "s  moss,  in  (ho  rci/ulicrs,  a  lilo  of  nu'U 
hoadod  bv  an  olHoor.  «'allod  (o  conduct  mo  to  tho  sonnnary. 
Ailhorinjjj  \o  (h»>  atlvico  of  colomd  M'Dou^al,  (ho  inviiadon 
was  «loclinod.  d)oUf::h  (lio  horo  Morgan,  liad  solici(«>d  (hisfjjraoo 
troni  governor  ('arlolon,  antl  liad  sent  sno  a  kind  and  pross- 
in)(  mossa^o.  I^ly  roasons,  which  wore  explained  to  M«)ra,(j;n, 
in  addi(ion  to  (ho  ono  alroady  tjivon,  opora.(od  forcibly  on  my 
mind.  Haviuj;  los(  all  my  clo(hos  in  (ho  wildonu'ss,  except 
(hose  on  my  back:  aii<l  dioso  accpiirod  by  (ho  provident  and 
jfratuiloiis  spirit  o(  jfonoral  IMoni^ouu'ry,  havint;  romainod  at 
our  iiuartors,  and  bocomo  a  prey  to  (he  woinon  and  invalids  of 


CAMTAKIN  AfJAINST  (^ITKFJKC. 


IW 


tho  ii,niiy  :  iiiilliiiif.^  rciiuiiuod  lUliii^  nin  to  itp|Mtii,i'  in  ccxiipniiy 
iiiiywiiuro.  A«l(lil  ioiiiilly,  il  IukI  Ih-cohm'  i\  n-Hotiit  ion,  wIk-ii 
l('»i,viii^^  liJiiiCd.Hli'r,  us  my  ultHciK'c  would  k<»  iicnr  to  i»r<'»i,li  Hin 
linniMsol"  my  |hi,i«mi(h,  iinvor  (i>  bro/ik  upon  my  woiM  liy  fnllHTH 
pni'Ht'.  Dim  noeossily  compnilod  mn  to  n>srin<l  lliis  n>Hohition 
in  pari,  in  tim  wiUlorncNH,  Ixil.  tliiit  rircMimHtoiMio,  niiu!*!  m<' llio 
morn  <l<<((^rmin(Mi  |<>  (MJiii'm  to  I  In*  n«Holv(*  iiflnrwnrdH.  Ajfii  in, 
my  in(,inu).l<t  l'ri<!ndH  wero  noi.  in  llm  Hiiminiiry,  Htotd  whh  in 
tlin  h«)Hi>i(ul,  (iikI  Himpson,  l>y  ])n'vioiiH(M)mmiind  on  tlitMdiurm- 
in^  Inloof  OrJcniiH,  wiiic.h,  from  itH  fruit I'iiIim'HH  Imd  iM'canH!, 
UH  it,  wnro,  our  Ht«)r«-lu>UHo. *     Add  to  (ill  I  Ik'ho  rtfiisoiiH  ;  it.  <!onld 


*lii  former  timcH,  hh  now,  lyiiiK  whh  in  v())^u(\  but  mi'thiiikH  within 
tlio  liint  tliirlyyoiirs,  tlKini  Imvo  }>vvn  viist  iiuprovonuintH  in  ilio  iirl, 
Tloiroivo  inlnrmiition  of  tw)  inHuiii<'<!H,  which  woni  Homowhat,  rrtnuirk- 
ahlo  in  lliosd  (liiys.  Simpson,  onn  of  the  mosj,  spirifoil  an<l  iwlivo  f)f 
olUccrs-iilwiiys  iilorl  -111  wiiyH  on  duly,  was  traduced  and  vilHind  for 
a  want  of  (!oura^;(',  hocauso  h'.  was  tiol  Uikmi  a  prlsonor  at  'iuoboc. 
'rids  small  canton,  (Paxton,)  was  hursIiuK  with  the  falHchoods  proj)- 
aKatnd  on  this  sidij(u-t.  On  the  otlxu'  hand,  captidn  M.  Smith,  .,ur 
(tomnuindor,  was  applauded  for  his  innnunso  hravisry  shown  in  tho 
uUack  of  that  plac(^  wlxtn  in  fact,  he  was  on  tho  ImIo  of  Orloans,  many 
ndlcs  distant  from  thccity.  Simpson  had  licon  commanded  to  that 
placo  hy  a  rcgidar  ordiir  fromcolonol  Arnold.  Captain  Smith  skulkud 
tldtluu' illi(^illy.  Ipfro  is  a  fac-similo,  as  to  orthography  of  Arnold's 
ord(;r  to  Liont.  Simpson,  which  I  took  from  tho  oriKinal  nf)W  In  hlH 
possession.  On  my  part,  it  stu'uis  to  Ixt  a  duly  to  make  it  known  to 
you  in  Juslitleatlon  of  an  oxcKtllent  patriot,  one  of  my  friends  from 
oarly  yotith. 

"  liiKur.  Si  m  phon, 

"Silt — You  are  to  proiieed  to  Orh^ans,  and  take  charK*'  of  the  men 
"there,  and  keep  all  provisions  from  koIuk  to  town  :  you  wili  ho  as- 
"sldious  In  gaining  the  esteem  of  tlie  itdialiitants,  who  are  now  i;om- 
"  plaininj^  that  they  have  been  troatcul  in  a  rigorous  manmir:  for  prf)- 
•' visions  or  assistance,  you  ri'ceivo  from  (hem,  _\<iu  will  pay  them  the 
"  value,  or  g've  orders  on  me  for  tl»e/oc  t/w.  same.  I  make  no  doulit 
"but  you  will  endeavour  to  cultivate  ihe  IVi<Midship  of  the  people 
"as  far  as  is  consistrfut  svith  your  duty,  ^'ou  will  ImcarefuW  to  keep 
"your  men  under  slri<!t  dis<;ipline,  and  not  sutler  them  to  have  too 
"mtich  li<pior.  I  am  lold  ther(^  has  Ik'cu  open  house  kept  there. 
"  You  will  use  as  much  ^economy  as  is  consislant  with  <mr  c«rcuuj- 
"HtaiieoH." 

"  I  am, 

"  Sir, 

"Your  huinblo  servant, 

"H.   ARNOLD,  Tol." 
"l")ocend)or:il),  I7V5." 


«M  i- 


['Phis rigor  was  administered  by  a  William  ('ross,  our  third  liiMiten- 


1«4 


HENRY '8  JOUUNAL 


not  bo  Haid  of  tlio  gcnlloinea  in  tho  sominary  '  thoy  am  my  in- 
iiinatos,"  pxcupl  as  to  captain  Morgan,  and  lieutenant.  F. 
p^ifholH  of  Hendrick's.  Jie!si«leH  my  lt'ath«'r  small-clotheH,  all 
ill  fritters,  had  been  oast  away,  and  a  sava^je  covering  a<lopted, 
until  mor«' aiiHitirious  t  iiues  eanio.  But  eveji  now,  an  idea  of 
escape  nritl  veiigciiiuM*  iulliiiMed  the  i)rea«ts  of  many,  and  we 
were  lieri^  in  a  iinu'h  superior  sittuition  for  sneh  a  purpose, 
than  that  of  the  seminary  .  More  of  This  ln'reafler.  All  these 
liuMs  and  cirouinstanees,  induced  an  evasion  of  the  friendly 
solicitation  of  the  kind-hearted  Morgan. 

(In  the  third  day  of  oiir  capture,  tin*  generous  Carloton  de- 
spatched a  Ihig  to  Arnold,  to  obtain  what  trilling  baggage  we 
had  left  at  our  qna,rt«'rs  ;  mine  was  either  forgotten,  or  mis- 
erable as  it  was,  had  been  plundtu-ed  ;  but  as  good  luck  would 
have  it,  the  knapsack  «)f  oiu»  Alexander  Nelson  of  our  company, 
who  was  killed  when  running  to  tin*  tirst  l)arrier,  was  dis- 
claimed by  all  of  our  m  u.  Your  father  in  consequt'nce,  laid 
violent  hands  upon  the  spoil.  It  furnislnul  Hoyd  and  myself, 
with  a  large,  but  coarse  blue  blanket,  called  a  "stroud,"  and  a 
drunnner's  regimental  coat.  The  blanket  became  a  real  com- 
fort, the  coat  an  article  of  bart(>r.  It  was  on  this  day,  that  my 
heart  was  n'ady  to  burst  with  grief,  at  vif  .ving  the  funeral 
of  our  beloved  <;eueral.  (^arleton  had,  in  our  former  wars  with 
the  Prencli,  been  the  friend  and  tellow-soldi»>r of  Montgomery. 
Though  political  oi)iuion,  perhaps  ambit n>n  or  interest,  had 
thrown  tlu'se  worthii^s,  on  dilTerent  sides  of  the  gr«>at  question, 

ant,  with  aa  free  iv  hand  as  ho  was  lax  in  Ins  priuciploa  of  morality. 
Cross  was  a  liiimlsomo  litth*  Irish  men,  always  neatly  <h-OHSod,  and 
ceuiinaiuled  a  dotachieoiil  of  about  twenty  men.  The  Oanadiaii  gen- 
tlemen, who  v'luue  as  ugents  from  the  islamlers  on  this  occasion,  stated 
that  Cross  had  extorted  from  them  their  wines  and  other  liquors, and 
all  kinds  of  provisions,  which  ho  lavishoil  on  worthless  people  ;  mak- 
ing no  compensation  for  liis  exactions.  This  was  rigor  indeed  I  lor 
the  juiople  of  the  islo  were  our  friends.  In  short,  this  unworthy 
<)incer  kept  "open  house,"  and  had  a  short,  but  a  luxurious  and 
merry  reign  over  that  charming  spot,  lie  was  not  with  us  at  the  at- 
tack of  the  city,  but,  gaily  danced  his  way  to  (piarters.] 

Smith  wrote  lint  Simpson  acted.  A  letter  from  Smith  to  a  wort'  y 
and  patriotic  clergyman,  tlie  Kev.  Mr.  KldcM*,  of  Paxton,  which  was 
Idled  with  l)oinhastand  trash,  ami  stufled  with  Iho  most  flagrant  un- 
truths ;  tlia^  ho  was  In  the  "midstof  thohatlle — covered  hysmoke; 
bullets  of  all  sl/os  playing  around  liim,  Ae.  ttc."  every  word  ofwhich 
was  fabulous.  This  |)ersi>ii  was  among  tiu^lastof  those  savage  men, 
Avho  murdered  the  iniKKent  and  unolVending  Indians  In  the  jail  of  the 
town  wo  now  live  in.  I  hey  have  all  died  miserably;  hut  a  tow 
remaining  to  relate  the  anocdoto  of  tht^  occurrenco  of  that  horrible 
massacre. 


|y 

II- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QIIKHKC. 


IBS 


yet  t.ho  former,  could  i»ot  but  lioiior  tlio  rctinahiH  of  his  quon- 
(laiu  friuiui.  About  noon,  the  procuHwion  puHHe<i  our  <)uartei-H. 
It  was  nioHt  Holonin.  TIk)  oolliu  c.ovenMi  with  a  pall,  Hiirnioiinted 
by  truuHvorno  Hwonls  -was  borne  by  in«*n.  Tho  re^jular  troops, 
particularly  th.-it  fine  body  of  ummi,  Ww.  seventh  n;f{inient, 
witli  r«v(!rHnd  arms,  nnd  scarfs  on  tlie  left  elbow,  accompanied 
the  corpse  to  the  tfrave.  The  funerals  of  tim  other  otlicers, 
both  friends  and  (Miennes,  were  [)erl'ormed  this  «lay.  From 
many  of  us,  it  drew  tears  of  alTection  for  the  defiii^cl,  and 
speakit»{^  for  myself,  tears  of  ^rec^tin^  and  thankfulness, 
towards  general  ('a.rl<^lon.  The  sohliery  an<l  inhabitants,  aj)- 
p(>ar(,>d  HiTected  by  the  loss  of  this  invaliuii)le  man,  though  he 
was  their  entuuy.  If  such  nnm  as  Wiishington,  (Jarleton  and 
Monigomtu-y,  had  had  the  entire  direction  of  the  adverst*  war. 
the  contention,  in  t  he  event,  might  have  happily  ttM'ininated 
to  tluMidva.ntag«!  of  t»oth  s<ictions  of  the  nation.  M']*herson, 
Cheesc^nmn,  Ib'ndricUs,  Jiuntphreys,  were  all  digrdiuul  by  (lie 
manner  of  luirial. 

On  the  same,  or  the  following  day,  w<' were  com[)e]lt^d,  (if 
we  would  look,)  to  a  nu)re  disgusting  and  lorttiring  sight. 
Many  (^arioh^s,  re[)eatedly  one  after  the  other,  passed  our  dwell- 
ing loaded  with  thech^ul,  whetlu>r  of  tim  assailants  or  of  the 
gariison,  to  a  place,  emphatically,  oi.lled  tlus  "dead-house." 
Here  the  bodies  were  lieaped  in  monstrous  pile.s.  The  horror 
of  the  sight,  to  us  southern  men,  principally  consisted  in  see- 
ing our  comi)anions  borne  (o  interm(>nt,  iincofTlned,  ami  in 
tlut  very  clothes  tht^y  had  worn  in  liattle;  tlieir  limbs  distorted 
in  various  directions,  such  as  would  «)nsue  in  the  moment  of 
death.  Many  of  our  friends  a,nd  ac(|iiaintanceH  were  apparent. 
I'oor  Nelson  lay  on  tlm  top  of  half  a,  dozen  other  bodies  Ins 
a.rms  extended  beyond  his  head,  as  if  in  the  a(!t  of  prayer,  and 
one  knee  crooktui,  and  raised  setimingly,  when  he  last  gasjx'd  in 
the  agonies t)f  death.  (Jurseon  theseoivil  warswhicli  extinguish 
th(^  sociabilit  iesof  nuiidtind,  and  annihilate  t  best  rength  of  na- 
tions. A  Hood  of  tears  was  const'tpiont.  Though  Alontgomery 
was  beloved,  b(icauseof  his  iminlincssof  soul,  heroicbravery  and 
suavity  of  manners,  Hendricks  and  Hiimphriiys,  for  the  same 
adndrabht  (lualilies,  and  (ispi'cially  for  the  eudnraiu;<>s  we 
lUiderwtMit  in  <'.onjunction,  whicih  (^dorccd  many  a  tear:  si  ill 
my  uidiappy  and  lost  brethren,  though  in  humble  station, 
with  whom  that  dreadful  wild  was  penetrated,  and  from 
wliom  came  many  attentions  towards  me,  forced  nu  lancholy 
sensations.  From  what  is  said  relative  to  the  "  J)i'ad-house." 
you  might  conclude  that  general  (Jarleton  was  inhuiuam!  or 
hard-hearted.  No  sucli  thing.  In  this  northern  latitude,  at 
thi»  season  of  tite  year,  acconliiig  to  my  feelings,  (we  liad  no 


'•'I  I 


im 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


■F 


theniioniciter,)  the  weatbtu'  was  so  cold,  Jis  (isnully  to  be  many 
»legr«ies  bolow  0.  A  wouikI.  if  mortal,  or  uvt'ii  otherwise, 
fiastK  thvi  party  woniided  into  the  snow;  if  death  shouUi  fol- 
low, it  throws  the  suflerer  into  various  attitudes,  -which  are 
assumed  in  the  extreme  pain  accompanyinti;  death.  The 
moment  death  takes  place,  the  frost  fixes  the  limbs  in  what- 
ever situation  they  may  then  happen  to  be,  and  wliich  ea,iniot  be 
reduced  to  decent  order,  until  they  are  thawed.  In  this  state, 
the  bodies  of  tlie  slain  are  depositetl  in  the  "dead-liouse,"  hard 
as  ioe.  At  tliis  season  of  the  year,  the  earth  is  frozen  from 
two  to  five  feet  deep,  impenetrable  to  the  best  piok-axe, 
in  the  liands  of  the  stoutest  num.  Hence  you  may  perceive  a 
justification  of  the  "dead-house. "  It  is  no  new  oiKserVation, 
"that  climates  form  the  manners  and  luibitudes  of  the  people. " 
On  the  next  day,  (January  4th,)  we  were  visited  by  coloiud 
Maclejin,  an  old  nutn,  attentled  by  other  ofiic(»rs,  for  a  pecu- 
liar purpose,  that  i.-^,  to  ascertain  who  amonj^  us  were  born  in 
Kurope.  We  luid  nmny  Irishmen,  and  some  Knglishmen. 
The  question  was  jmt  to  each  ;  those  who  admitted  a  Hritish 
birth,  were  told  they  must  serve  his  nuijesty  in  colonel  Ma«i- 
leau's  regiment,  a  new  corps,  called  the  "emigrants."  Our 
l)()or  fellows,  umler  the  fearful  juMuilty  of  being  carried  (o 
liritain,  there  t«)  l)e  tried  for  treason,  were  oomj)elled  by  ne- 
cessity, and  juany  of  them  did  enlist.  Two  of  tliem,  very 
brave  men,  Edward  Cavenaugh  and  Timothy  ('onner,  deserve 
to  be  named,  l)ecause  of  a  particular  occurrence  wliich  linp- 
pened  shortly  afterwards:  These  two  men,  among  others, 
called  upon  me  for  my  advice  h«)w  to  /ict.  Heing,  at  that  time, 
neither  lawyer  nor  a  casuist,  they  had  my  opinion  a,ccording 
to  the  «licta,tes  of  n.iture,  and  some  slight  reading.  That  is, 
that  they  should  enlist,  for  a.  constrained  oath,  as  theirs  would 
be,  could  not  be  binding  on  the  conscience:  and  by  all  means 
to  join  our  army  as  soon  as  practicable.  They  enlisted  under 
the  notion,  that  the  oath  was  non-obligator> ,  and  a  lioi)e  of  a 
speedy  return  to  their  sweet-hearts  and  wives.  Allow  mehere 
to  recount,  by  uiiticipation,  the  residue  of  the  a<lventures  of 
"honest  Ned."  It  is  (hie  to  him,  for  he  savtnl  my  life,  and  that 
of  Simpson,  tui  vlu^  "Dead  river."  Towards  the  end  of  January 
Cavenaugh  and  Oonner,  hapi)ened  to  compose  a  part  of  the 
same  guard  at  Palace-gate,  Avhere  the  walls  are  from  thirty  to 
forty  feet  high,  independently  of  the  declivity  of  the  liill. 
Cavenaugh  was  stM,tion«'d  as  a,  sentry  in  conjunction  with  oim 
of  the  Ih'itish  i)arty.  ('onnor  had  procured  a  bottle  of  rum; 
coming  to  the  station,  he  drank  himself,  aiul  presented  the 
botth^  to  the  Hritish  sentry.  While  the  latter  was  in  the  a.ct 
«»f   drhiking,  ('avenaugh  gave  him  a  jtush  with  the  hutt  of  his 


CA]\rPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


157 


innsket,  wliich  stunntHl  and  brought  him  to  the  earth.  Tak- 
ing his  arms,  iliey  sprung  over  the  wall  into  a  bed  of  hhow, 
perhaps  twenty-five  titet  deep.  This  averment  eoneerning  the 
depth  of  the  snow,  nuiy  appear  problematical,  as  we  know 
notliing  like  it  in  our  climate.  Form  no  delinitive  opinion 
until  you  have  heard  the  reasons  why  it  «loes  happen.  As  y<m 
may  recollect  several  instanc-es  in  this  nuduoir,  where  the  as- 
perity of  a  Quebe<r  winter  is  intinuited,  and  a  descrii>t  ion  of  its 
effects  attempted  -  such  as  frequent  snow-storms  and  fierce 
winds.  In  the  month  of  .Innu»,ry,  particularly,  when  the 
snow  has  increased  to  a  depth  of  seven  feet  ov«!r  the  face  of 
the  country,  notwithstanding  thv.  shining  of  the  sun,  the  cold 
is  so  great,  that  those  winds  drive  the  snow  daily,  against  the 
high  ramparts  of  the  city,  where  it  forms  a  compact  mass — the 
last  stratum  being  light  and  dry,  as  the  finest  sjind,  which  may 
be  whirled  by  the  wind.  Cavenaugh  and  Conner  leaped  ndd- 
deep  into  such  a  soft:  bed  Their  disadvantage  consisted  in 
sinking  too  deer> ;  the  lu'ight  of  the  leaj),  ])lunging  them  deeper 
than  ordinary  Avalking  would  do,  uuide  it  dinicult  for  them  to 
extricate  themselves.  The  relief-guard  came  in  time  to  give 
them  a  volley,  as  they  were  scami)ering  awtiy.  Thanks  to 
God,  my  worthy  Irishmen  escaped  unharined,  though  as  they 
jjassed  tlirf)Ugli  St.  Rociue,  they  were  comi)limented  by  several 
discharges  of  cannister  and  grape  shot.  This  was  the  first 
notice  we  hud  of  the  escape  of  our  daring  friimds.  We  heard 
next  morning,  all  the  minutife  from  those  who  guarded  us. 
Cavenaugh  is  still  alive— is  laborious,  and  has  a  large  family  of 
children,  who  are  respectable  in  their  way.  You  cannot  con- 
ceive the  joyoiisness  of  my  heart,  when  hearing  of  him,  in  my 
peregriiuitions  a  few  years  since,  in  the  mountainous  parts  of 
York  county.  Tim  j)ittance  then  spared  him,  it  is  hoped  will 
make  you  never  the  poorer.  The  assembly  of  Pennsylvania 
have  granted  him  a  pension,  for  which  tliat  honorable  body 
have  my  most  fervent  blessings.  Old  ag(^  and  decrepittule,  by 
fhe  extrenuty  of  our  sulTerings,  is  brought  upon  us,  long  be- 
fore thecH'dinary  allotments  of  nature.  We  served  our  conn  try 
faithfully,  a,nd  at  this  late  day,  it  is  really  pleasant  io  obser'  • 
tlu*  spirit  of  the  public,  inclined  to  compensate  the  veterans  of 
1775  and  1770.  So  much  for  my  preserver  "  Honest  Ned, "  which 
epithet  Ije  still  bears  among  his  niMghors,  by  wliom,  bating  a 
veniiil  vice,  he  isesteemed.  Timothy  ('onner,  on  the  contrary, 
posst'ssing  the  art  of  acquiring  wealth,  married,  had  a  compe- 
tency, but  lost  it  subsequently  by  his  vices,  which  bore  a  strong 
affinity  to  gross  criminality. 

By  the  middle  of  January,  we  were  settled  down  into  a  state 
Humething  like  household  ortler :  those  who  could   economise, 


If*  w 


■rij 


■\    t 


I 


158 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


i© 


fared  tolerably  well,  though  they  could  have  used  more.  Our 
daily  provision  consisted  of  a  biscuit  made  of  a  coarse  meal, 
from  something  like  our  chopped  rye  ;  very  often  chaff  or  straw, 
half  an  inch  in  length,  was  found  in  this  species  of  bread. 
A  biscuit  of  the  size  of  a  cake  of  gingerbread,  now  sold  with  us 
for  a  cent,  was  the  daily  allowance  of  this  article  •  half  a  pound 
of  pork,  or  three  quarters  of  a  pound  of  beef,  though  these 
were  much  salted,  even  so  as  to  be  uncomfortable — they  were 
of  Irish  preparation,  perhaps  for  the  sea-service  :  a  competent 
allowance  of  butter,  originally  fine,  yet  now  rancid ;  candles, 
molasses,  and  even  vinegar : — this  last  article,  so  long  as  it  could 
be  afforded  us,  was  a  preservative  from  the  disorders  which  un- 
wittingly we  were  imbibing  daily.  Knowing  the  difficulties 
under  which  the  garrison  lay — foes  at  the  gates,  and  an  uncer- 
tainty of  succour;  the  governor  was  thought  of  by  me,  with 
similar  allowances,  that  ought  to  be  made  to  our  own  gen- 
erals, in  circumstances  of  such  pinching  necessity.  From  all 
information  attainable  on  our  part,  we  were  as  well  treated 
as  those  of  the  garrison,  who  lived  on  the  same  kinds  of  food, 
except  as  to  liquor,  which  deprivation  was  more  beneficial 
than  injurious  to  our  men.  It  is  grateful  to  my  heart,  now 
to  remember  and  repeat,  the  benevolent  sensations  this  mild- 
ne.ss  and  humanity  created  in  my  mind,  towards  the  virtuous, 
the  amiable  and  venerable  Carleton.  He  was  a  genuine  rep- 
resentative of  the  gentility  of  the  Irish  nation,  which  is  so  de- 
servedly famous  for  the  production  of  real  heroes,  patriotic 
statesmen,  and  a  generosity  and  suavity  of  manners.  He  was 
of  great  candour,  uprightness  and  honor,  and  full  of  the  8i)irit 
of  philanthropy,  which  marks  the  real  gentleman.  He  made 
UH  several  visits,  in  all  of  which  he  seemed,  merely  to  have  a 
solioittide  for  our  welfare,  without  any  sinister  view,  such  as  a 
seduction  from  our  principles,  &c.  That  he  granted  us  every 
accommodation,  his  trying  situation  authorized,  there  can  he 
no  doubt.  Shortly  after  the  time  now  spoken  of,  we  were 
conducted  to  the  D.'uijjliin  jail,  l^efore  we  quit  the  reguliers, 
admit  me  to  state  to  yon  something  more,  relating  to  our  man- 
ner of  living  there.  My  youthful  appetite  required  and  de- 
manded a  greater  quantity  of  food  than  we  then  enjoyed.  We 
wanted  spoons,  not  only  in  our  own  mess,  but  througliout 
the  Avhol(»  corps  There  was  no  mon(>y  among  us  to  purchase 
.such  an  imi)lement,  and  if  there*  liad  been,  and  opportunity 
had  offered  it  is  likely  the  jealously  of  government,  Avould 
have  deprived  us  of  them,  if  forme<l  of  metal  of  any  kind. 

One  day  being  at  the  unloading  a  cord  of  wood,  a  birch 
stick,  the  only  piece  of  hartl  wood  in  the  loud,  was  eagerly  laid 
hold    of,  and   borne    to   the    messroom ;  from   this,   a  wooden 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


169 


spoon  was  tsoon  formed   for  my  own   use.     liObscouse  made  a 
part  of  our  diurnal  food.     This  term,  though  vulgar,  conveys 
to  one,  who,  when  liungry,  lias  tasted  tlie  disli,  some  agreea- 
ble ideas.     Among  soldiers  and  sailors  it  is  esteemed  equal  to 
the  "olla  podrida"  of  the  Spaniards,  and  nearly  so  to  the  "speck 
and  oyer"  of  the  Germans ;  it  is  certainly  more  nourishing  than 
what  the  latter  call  "  water  soup, "  and  even  "  meal  soup. "    We 
put  our  vile  biscuit  into  a  tin  vessel,  with  a  sufficient  quantity 
of  water,  and  permlted  it  to  stew  on  the  stove,  until  there  was 
a  perfect  mucilage,  some  thin  slices  of  bacon  fat  (the  reserve 
of  the  last  meal,)  were  then  added  ;  or  some  of  the  skimmings 
of  the  boilers,  but  most  usually,  the  rancid  butter,  (which  was 
thus  made  palatable  :)  when  these  substances  were  well  incor- 
porated with  the  biscuit;  a  few  spoon-fulls  of  molasses  finished 
the   dish.     This  was  tlie  ordinary  l)reakfast,  and  a  good  one, 
when  we  could  spoon  it  into  our  mouths.     My  spoon  therefore, 
was  nn  article  iu  great  demand,  and  of   prime  necessity.     The 
production  of  one  spoon,  created  a  desire  for  more ;  they  were 
manufactured   in  abundance,  l)y  the  means  of  two  knives — a 
great  and  a  small,  but  always  disposed  of  for  biscuit.     Spoons 
were  made  as  large  as  small  ladles,  some  with  a  deer  at  full 
stretch,  abound  pursuing — an  Indian  sitting — a  beaver — and 
twenty  other  devices  Avere  invented,  and  toleral)ly  well  carved. 
Some  came  to  live  biscuits,  some  to  ten,  and  one  in  particular 
a,t  twenty,  which  my  friends,  thought  worthy  of  the  acceptance 
of  the  governor,  Imt  care  was  taken  not  to  present  it.     Boyd 
and    Cunningham    carefully  furnished   the  wood.      Thus  we 
could  exist  pretty  well  on  our  slender  diet.     But  we  iiad  other 
resources,  which  were   by  no  means  neglected.   Henry  Crone, 
a  well  bred  young  man,  descended  from  a  worthy  and  respec- 
table family  of   York  county,  Pennsylvania,  mucli  my  senior, 
but  who  was  known  to  me  during  his  apijreuticeship  at  Lan- 
caster, had  dissipated  a  good  fortune  at  the  gaming  tables;  he 
was  a.  sergeant  of  Hendricks'.      Miserable  as  was  our  predica- 
ment, the  demon  of  play  had  intruded  itself  aiiiong  us,  though 
there  was   neither   money  nor   clothing,    but    that    upon    owr 
backs,  and  our  daily  provisions  to  sport  wiih.     The  play  was 
for  l>iscuit,  and    most  usually  at  a,  game  called  •'a,ll-fours,"  in 
which  Crone  was  a  real  adept.     He  was  a  droll  dog,  and  much 
inclined   to    play  with   and    beat    tlie   Yankees,  as   he   termed 
them.     Many  mornings,  being  compelled    by  the    inclemency 
of   the  season,  to   leave  our    uncomfoi  table    bed,  pacing   the 
avenues   in  front  of   our  cells  lor  exercise  and  warmth,  draw- 
ing aside  tlu!  curtain  of  the  gain1)liiig  room  door,  which  was  no 
other  tha,n  a  tlirea,d-bare  l)laidcet.  Crone  was  seen  and  heard, 
with  bleared  eyes  and  a,  vociferous  voice,  after  a  night's  sitt- 


160 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


ing,  contending  for  a  biscuit,  with  as  much  spirit  and  heat,  as 
most  probably  he  liad  done  in  former  times  for  fifty  or  a 
hundred  dollars.  The  passion  of  gaming,  is  almost  an  inexplica- 
ble trait  in  the  human  cliaracter,  the  poor,  tiie  rich,  the  sav- 
age and  the  civilized,  are  equally  its  devotees.  The  greatest 
and  the  least  are  alike  subject  to  its  fascinations.  Crone  poor 
dog,  was  one  of  the  devoted. 

Montgomery,  in  Ids  care  for  Arnold's  party,  besides  an  excel- 
lent blanket  coat,  had  assigned  to  each  man  a  new  red  regimen- 
tal coat  of  the  seventh,  or  some  other  regiment,  stationed   in 
the  upper  country.     This  clothing  had  been  seized  at  Montreal. 
Crone,  in  the   division,  had    fared  well.     He   had  obtained   a 
large  superfine  broad-cloth  coat,  such  as  is  worn  by  the  ser- 
geant-major of  the  British  army,  which   "fitted   him   like  a 
shirt."     He  was  so  totally  devoid  of  care,  that  he  never  once 
api)lied   to  the  taylors  of  the  army,  who  were  employed  V)y 
the  public,  to  fit  the  coat  to  his  back,  and  to  sew  it  regularly. 
What  was  still  more  laughable,  he  had  no  pockets  to  this  coat, 
unless  you   may  call  the  flannel  such,  which  interiorly  lined 
the  lappets,  and  bore  the  appearance  of  large  bags  dangling 
about  his  heels.     Crone  was  facetious  and  clever ;  he  had  an 
afTection  for  ine.     Often  about  daylight  he  would  come  to  my 
blanket  and  waken  me,  and  shake  the  lappets  of  hisctuit.     He 
would   say"Bamme  Jack,   here's  some  thing  for  you,"  and 
would    force    upon   me,  ten,  fifteen,  and   several    times,   even 
thirty  biscuits.     With  all  his  vices  he  bore  a  great  share  of  jny 
esteem,  for  the  goodness  of  his  heart.     When  ill-luck  occurred 
there  was  a  refunding  on   my  part,  but  it  seldom  happened. 
Our  other  resource  was  William  M'Coy.  a  sergeant  of   Hend- 
ricks' an  excellent  clerk,  who  came  into  favor  of  the  Governor, 
by  giving  ro  niajor  Murray  of  the  garrison,  a  genuine  copy  of 
his  journal  of  the  route,  through  the  wilderness  into  Canada. 
He  was  a  sedate  and  sensible  man.     He  was  installed   'clerk  of 
the   kitchen,"  and  put    ine  much  in  mind  of   Gil  Hlas'  clerk. 
The  cook,  whom  M'Coy  patronized,  was  a  very  Boniface  in  ac- 
complishments and  a  Sancho  Panza  in  rotundity.     He  was  of 
Thayer's  or  Dearborne's  company.     Believe  me,  that  these  two 
men,  were  courted  by  our  hungry  wights  among  the  soldiery, 
with  as  much  eageress  and  solicitude,  and  often  sycophancy, 
as  would  have  been  the  case  had  they  been  the  ministers  of  a 
great  state.     What  could  you  suppose  to  be  the  object  of  such 
servility?    To    explain. — The    boiling  utensils,  were  two  very 
large  coppers.     A  boiling  of   pork,  produced  a  great  quantity 
of  liquid  fat,  which  the  men  called  slush.   The  skimmings  con- 
stituted the  importance  of  the  cook,  who  made  a  profit  from 
it,  by  selling  it  to  certain  tradesmen  of  the  city.     A  half  pint 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


161 


of  this  slush,  was  a  good  succedaneum  for  better  food,  to  a 
mess  of  six  stout  men.  It,  witli  the  molasses,  formed  an  ex- 
cellent lobscouse.  Oleaginous  matter,  next  to  bread,  is  however, 
the  great  support  of  the  animal  functions,  anil  even  superior 
to  bread,  to  sustain  life,  and  gratify  the  palate.  Here  you 
see  the  real  ground  of  the  causes  of  distinctions  in  society. 
The  cook  possessing  this  perquisite,  commauded  his  appli- 
cants for  additional  food,  with  an  unwarrantable  austerity.  As 
to  our  mess,  it  was  strong  in  habits  of  intimacy  with  M'Ooy, 
who  was  one  of  us.  Tlie  cook  was  far  below  our  notice. 
Friend  M'Coy,  gave  us  every  advantage,  our  melancholy  situa- 
tion afforded  him.  This  minute  information  is  given  to  you, 
to  inspire  you  with  a  disgust,  towards  war  of  any  kind.  As  to 
ray  sons,  if  the  liberties  of  our  country  ever  be  invaded,  it  is 
humbly  hoped,  under  the  protecting  hand  of  Providence,  that 
they  will  always  be  ready  and  active,  to  rally  round  the  stand- 
ard of  Freedom,  the  principles  of  which,  we  derived  from  our 
forefathers,  whose  blood  freely  flowed  in  its  defence. 

Coming  to  the  Dauphin  jail,  escorted  by  the  military,  we 
found  it  well  accomniodtxted  for  our  lodgment.  There  were 
four  rooms  below,  and  as  many  above  stairs,  ail  capacious  and 
well  supplied  with  births  or  bulks,  in  the  common  method  of 
V)arracks.  Our  company  taking  the  right,  our  precedency  in 
the  procession  gave  us,  assumed  the  possession  of  a  room,  in 
the  third  story,  which  was  in  truth  the  very  best.  Morgan's, 
took  a  room  immediately  below  us  ;  Hendrick's  one  adjoining : 
but  remember,  that  at  this  time,  we  were  reduced  most  lam- 
entably by  killed,  wounded  and  missing.  Many  were  in  the 
hospital.  Out  of  sixty-five,  who  came  on  Abraham's  Plains, 
in  Noveniber,  we  had  scarcely  more  than  thirty,  left  with  us 
in  prison.  The  fire  of  the  enemy  and  disease  had  so  thinned  us. 
Morgan's  gallant  men  fared  worse.  Like  eastern  people  before, 
and  at  that  period,  they  detested  the  introduction  of  tlie  f^mall- 
pox  into  their  country,  by  inoculation.  Now  they  were  its 
victims.  Less  than  twenty-five  of  the  privates  of  that  com- 
pany, regained  their  native  home.s.  They  were  origiiudly,  as 
elegant  a  body  of  men,  as  ever  came  within  my  view.  *    To  use 


*In  relation  to  the  small- pox,  the  circumstance  about  to  bo  related, 
is  most  assuredly  true,  as  it  is  known  to  me  of  my  own  particular 
knowledge.  A  number  of  women  loaded  with  the  infection  of  the 
small-pox,  came  info  our  cantonments. 

In  the  spring  of  the  year  1770,  our  army  was  reduced  by  decease  of 

men,  or  debilitation  of  l)ody,  so  that  they  could  not  act  effectively,  and 

in  the  eyesof  the  world,  a  disreputable  retreat  took  place,  which  it  was 

not  then  quite  prudent  to  explain.   Now  it  may  bo  safely  asserted,  that 

11— Vol.  XV. 


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163 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


the  style  of  my  friend  Simpson,  "they  were  lieaatiful  boys, 
who  knew  how  to  liundle,  and  aim  the  rifle. "  Indeed  many  of 
them,  adroit  youn{^  men,  courageous  and  thorough  going,  be- 
came thesubjects  of  death,  by  that  virulent  disease,  both  with- 
out and  within  the  city.  We,  of  Pennsylvania,  had  no  fears 
from  that  source.  This  disease  had  visited  us  in  youth,  either 
naturally  or  by  inoculation.  This  observation,  which  is  a 
serious  one,  should  convey  to  your  minds,  the  immensity  of 
the  discovery  of  the  inoculation  of  the  kine-pock,  by  doctor 
Jenner.  The  discovery  of  the  causes  of  lightning,  its  dreadful 
effects,  the  means  of  avoiding  its  power,  by  the  celebrated 
Franklin,  our  countryman,  is,  (as  it  concerns  the  happiness 
of  man,  speaking  diffidently,)  perhaps  inferior  in  imijortance 
to  that  of  .Tenner.  The  Jennerian  discoveiy,  tends  to  save 
the  lives  of  millicms,  the  Franklinian  of  hundreds.  But  all 
lovers  of  natural  jihilosophy,  are  compellable  to  acknowledge, 
that  the  identity  of  the  electric  fluid,  obtained  artificially, 
with  that  of  the  clouds,  has  given  a  vvider  scope  to  human 
thought,  than  the  recency  of  the  Jennerian  discovery  has  as 
yet  afforded.  There  can  be  little  doubt  that  in  a  succession 
of  years  some  gigantic  geniuses  of  the  medical  profession  will 
improve  and  extend  the  benefits  of  the  happy  disclosure. 

At  the  Dauphin  jail  our  notions  of  escape  were  strengthened. 
The  prison  may  be  300  yards  from  St.  John's  gate  the  interval 
at  that  time  was  free  from  buildings.  From  without  the  build- 
ing appeared  formidable.  The  court -yard  was  very  contracted 
for  so  large  a  house  and  was  encompassed  by  a  strong  stone 
wall  at  least  twenty  feet  high.  The  windows  and  doors  were 
seemingly  by  their  bars  impenetrable.  But  what  cannot  uien 
of  true  spirit  effect  when  made  the  subjects  of  oppression.  Op- 
posite to  the  jail  across  the  street  leading  to  St.  John's  gate  at 
a  distance  of  forty  yards  there  stood  a  house  which  became  the 
station  of  the  guard,  who  superintended  us.  In  the  first  of 
our  imprisonment,  we  were  attended  by  the  regular  troops, 
or  sailors,  who  were  embodied  by  government  as  soldiers,  but 
now,  the  guard  (as  our  force  without  had  made  a  firm  stand, )  was 
replaced  b  -  the  militia,  who  were  the  mo«t  inert  and  despicable 
of  military  men  The  sentries  were  stationed  on  the  outside 
of  the  jail,  —we  had  no  witnesses  of  our  conduct  within,  except 
the  captain  of  the  provost,  who  did  not  pry  with  a  suspicious 
eye.  He  was  a  generous  and  open-hearted  enemy — had  no 
guile  himself,  nor  imputed  it  to  others.     The  principal  defence 

great  immbers  of  the  soldiers  inoculated  themselves  for  the  small- pox 
by  laceration  under  the  fingernails,  by  meansof  pins  or  needles,  either 
to  obtain  an  avoidance  of  duty,  or  to  get  over  that  horrible  disorder 
in  an  easy  and  speedy  way. 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


168 


on  this  side  of  tli«  city,  as  it  rej^anled  our  attempt  at  evasion, 
lay  at  and  near  St.  Jolin' s  gat»'.     Tlie  guard    here  was  most 
usually  composed  of  thirty  men,  of  the  regular  troops  or  sailors. 
They  would  have  given  us  a  hustle,  but  of  a  certainty,  we  should 
have  overpowered  them,  by  the  force  of  numbers,  as  stout  and 
as  able  bodied  men  as  themselves,  whose  courage  was  not  to 
be  questioned,  thougli  there  was  a  great  difference  in  the  na- 
ture of  our  respective  arms.     Having  examined  the  jail  care- 
fully, its  imbecility  to   restrain  us,  was  apparent.     It  was  an 
old  French  building  in  the  Uastile  style.     The  walls,  of  stoin^, 
and  more  than  three  feet  thick;  were  impenetrable  by  any  of 
our   means.     Upon  examining  the  bars  of  the  windows,  which 
were    originally  ill-constructed,   many  were   found    so    much 
corroded,  as  to  move  up  and  down  in  the  sockets.     These  could 
be   taken    out.     The   mildness  of    Governor  Carleton's  reign, 
seemed   not  to  require  a  strict  inspection    into   places  of   this 
kind.     About  this  time,  a  selected  council  was  called,  of  which 
your  father  had  the  honor  tobeone,  and  was  chiefly  composed  of 
the  sergeants.    The  present  major  Joseph  Aston,  of  Lamb's  ar- 
tillerists, then  a  sergeant-major,  had  the  presidency.     Our  dis- 
coveries were  disclosed — the  means  of    escape  considered,  and 
a  consultation  of  the  men  recommended.     This  was  done,  and 
there  was  not  a  dissentient  voice.     At   the  stair  head,  there 
was   a  small  room,  lighted  by  a  small  window  ;  the  door  was 
locked. — Peejung  through  the  keyliole,  largo  iron  hoops  were 
discovered  :  the  spring  of  the  lock,  kindly  gave  way  to  oiir  ef- 
forts,   the   room  was   ransacked  ;  and  as  neatly  closed.     The 
room  furnished  us  with  a  large  number  of  strong  iron-hoops, 
two  and  three  inches  broad,  and  a  considerable  quantity  of 
ottier  iron,  of  different   shapes  and  sizes,  deposited  there  as 
lumber.     Prom  the  first  of  these  articles,  we  formed  a  rough, 
but  weighty  species  of  sword,  with  a  wooden   handle,  a  l»low 
from  which,  in  the  hands  of  one  of  our  stout  men,  would  have 
brought  down  one  of  the  stoutest  of  the  enemy.     The  residue 
of  the   iron,  was  applied    to    the   formation   of  spear-heads. 
These  were  aflBxed  to  splits  of  fir-plank, about  ten  feet  in  length, 
which   had  formed  in  part,  the  bottoms  of  the  lower  births. 
These  weapons,  it  is  true,  were  of  the  coarsest  make,  yet  in  the 
hands  of  men,  determined  to  sacrifice  their  lives  for  freedom, 
they  would  have  had  a  consideralile  sway.     Our  long  knives, 
which  many  of  us  secreted  when  captured,  also  became  spear- 
pointa     These  weapons  were  concealed  under  the  lower  range 
of  births,  which  were  raised  a  foot  from  the  floor.     The  planks 
were  neatly  raised,  the  nails  were  extracted,  and  the  nail-head, 
with  a  part  of  its  shank,  placed  in  its  former  position.     Over 
these  lay  our  blankets,  and  bundles.     It  was  a  standing  rule, 


-r  I 


! 


!i 


wmm 


HENRV'S  JOURNAL. 


to  luivo  two  sontries,  constantly  on  tlu!  watcli,  one  at  each  end 
of  tho  interior  of  the  jail.  Tlielr  duly  coiisirtttnl  in  j^iving  a 
signal  of  the  approach  of  the  oflicers  of  the  garrison,  who  were 
in  the  habit  of  vi:-iting  us  daily,  as  there  wen*  shoe-makers  and 
taylors  jiinoiig  us,  who  worked  clu'aper  than  those  of  the  city, 
merely  for  the  purpose  of  bettering  their  condition.  There  was 
policy  in  this  watchfulness.  "When  tlu!  signal  was  given,  the 
inner  doors  were  thrown  open,  those  appointed  for  the  pur- 
p  )se,  laid  ui)on  the  birth  whi(^h  hid  our  arms,  as  if  in  ii  drowsy 
state.  The  ofllcers  were  accosted  with  assumed  conlidence, 
and  much  crmpl.'isance.  The  council  met  daily,  sometimes 
in  small  squads,  auvl  when  any  thing  of  mu<!h  (K)nsequence 
was  to  be  con.-iidered,  in  larger;  but  Jit  all  tinu^s  secretly,  or 
at  least  not  obviously  as  a  council,  from  a  fear  of  traitors,  or 
some  indiscretion  of  the  young  men.  Our  arrangenuMits,  so 
far  as  juy  judgment  could  discern,  were  judicious.  Aston  was 
to  act  as  geiHM'al,  M'Coy  and  some  otlu^-s  becanu;  colonels. 
Koyd  and  others  of  the  most  spirit,  ')ecame  majors,  captains, 
lieutenants,  iS:c.  That  which  cheertni  me  much,  was  that  the 
council  assignetl  nu\  a  first  lituitenancy  under  my  friend  Boyd, 
wliose  vigor  and  courage  wen*  unquestionable. 

The  plan  of  th(*  esca?)(j  Mas  thus:  Aston  who  was  an  excel- 
lent engineer,  was  to  have  the  ])articular  su])erintendency  of 
Ijambs  company,  which  to  a  ma,u  was  well  informed  in  their 
duty,  f^ctive  and  spirited.  These  were  to  1)e  increased  to  a 
band  of  one  liundred  and  fifty  men,  whose  duty  it  was  to  at- 
tack the  guard  at  Ht.  .lohn's  gat(\  Tlu*  attack  of  the  giuird 
opposite  the  jail,  was  assigned  to  the  discretion  of  ]5oyd,  Cun- 
ningham and  myself;  the  coiuu'il  generously,  giving  us  the 
authority  of  a,  first  selection  oi  twenty  two  p(>rsons,  fi-onv  the 
wholt*  body  of  our  men.  The  residue  of  our  for»;e,  was  so  dis- 
jiosed  of,  as  to  act  as  a  l)ody  of  reserve  to  Afjton,  under  die 
command  of  M'Coy,  and  another  snuiller  body  was  reserved  to 
su])port  Boyd,  particularly  by  w.iv  of  setr'ng  fire  to  the  ja,il, 
the  guarddiouse,  a,nd  \ho  l)uildings  in  iis  neighborhood,  to 
amuse  or  employ  the  enemy,  while  we  were  runnintr  to  Ht. 
John's  gate.  It  was  (expected  we  could  arrivt)  there,  by  the 
time  Aston  and  his  party  would  be  victorious.  Our  |)articular 
duty  was  of  th<>  desperate  kiml,  something  of  the  nature  of 
the  "for'.orn-liope. "  Nothing  but  th(>  virtue  and  bravery  of 
our  coTurades,  could  ensure*  tlu<  safety  of  our  lives;  for  if  they 
should  arrive  at  8t  .John's  gate,  and  discojufit  the  guard; 
and  if  then  se«'king  safely  by  llight ,  they  woidd  leave  us  to  the 
mercy  of  an  enraged  enemy,  wlio  would  saciiflce  ns  to  their 
fury.  Ibit  ther(>  has  been  too  niuch  precipitat  ion  in  tlie  r»>- 
lation.     lM"evi«)Usly  to  the  last  oljsiu'valious,  besides  being  told 


(CAMPAIGN  AGAI]N'ST  (^UEHEC 


16« 


of  our  forcd,  our  weapons,  jiiul  our  inilitury  i>I<'ii»s,  you  .shoulil 
liavu  ))(^en  iiifonmHl  ulso,  ')f  tlu;  rtvil  site  of  tlm  jail- of  its  in- 
ternal structure,  from  wliicli  the  sally  was  to  bo  nuide.  The 
Dauphin  jail  is  ))uilt  on  a  plain,  pretty  uitich  declined  towards 
the  street.  It  follows,  that  the  front  of  the  lower  story,  that 
is  the  ctdlarK,  Avns  on  a  level  with  the  street.  The  hack-f^round 
was  teii  or  twelve  feet  higher.  In  the  cellar,  near  the  fcjot  of 
the  stairway,  there  was  a  phniteous  fountain  of  water,  which 
supplied  the  hous<'.  Tluf  conduits  leading  from  the  spring, 
by  the  severity  of  the  weather,  were  impeded  by  ice,  so 
that  the  water,  in  great  (jnantity  reuuiined  in  tlui  cellar, 
wliich,  with  the  additional  can^lessness  of  our  people,  whocast 
the  rinsing  of  their  buckets,  on  tht!  lloor  of  the  ui)artuient, 
foruu'd  a  bed  of  ice  a  foot  thick,  and  very  fn-m  and  solid.  This 
cellar  had  a,  doorntswly  made,  of  strong  pine  pla,Jik,  live  feet  in 
width,  which  opened  inwards-  the  sill  was  level  with  the 
stret't.  Th(*  door  was  hung  upon  If.  hinges  of  a  larger  size, 
fixed  on  tlie  inside,  (exposed  to  our  view  and  operations.  Hut 
what  was  still  more  absurd,  the  door  was  hasped  wit  hin,  and 
secured  by  a  larg<!  pad-lock.  Clos<^  inspect  ion,  and  thought- 
fulness,  had  made  the  members  of  the  council,  liy  the  uu^anH 
they  enjoyed,  perfect  masters  of  those  hinges  and  the  lock; 
they  would  not  ha.V(*  stood  a,  second  of  time.  Tlut  principal 
ol)stacht  was  the  ict!,  which  was  rai.sed  fully  a  foot  against 
the  door.  Even  tliis  would  have  given  way  to  our  ingenuity. 
The  whole  of  our  plan  was  w(;ll  laid,  and  thoroughly  digesttMl. 
That  door  was  to  l>e  our  sally-jnirt.  Hoyd  ])receding  with  our 
division  Aston  and  ]\I  Coy  following,  they  turning  rapidly  to 
the  left  for  Ht.  John's  gate.  'IMuMlislocation  of  the  iron  bars 
of  tlie  windows,  was  to  ensue:  all  thost*  which  could  be  re- 
moved, l)eing  known,  were  t>)  lle<'om(^  issues  for  our  bravest 
men.  Every  man  kiunvhis  station.  It  is  an  old  and  a,  t  rile  ob- 
servation, that  it  is  a,  diiTicnlt  thing  lo  describe  a  l)altl<',  so  as 
to  give  a  clear  idea  of  all  1  he  causes  and  efTecls  of  each  move- 
ment, without  overloading  and  confusing  the  |)ictur<'.  The 
samt*  may  be  saul  of  a  conspiracy  such  as  ours.  Going  t  lirough 
tlie  entry  from  I  he  front  door  into  t  lie  jail  yard,  near  the  })ack 
door,  butslill  within  ihejjrison,  (here  are  two  cavities  oppo- 
site to  each  other,  st  rongly  walled  and  arched.  We  called 
tluMU  the  blacrk  holes.  On  t  he  outside  of  (he  Ifulding,  in  1  he 
yard,  tho,S(»  cavities  assunu'd  the  Coriiis  of  batiks,  ten  or  <'le\('n 
feet  high,  ami  as  wide;  and  well  sosUled.  Wit  h  some  address 
and  a,gility,  aspright  ly  man  <-oui(  surpass  either  of  them.  The 
wall  above  tlujse  banks  was,  probji.ldy  ten  feet  liigher.  In  thti 
<la.ytiine  we  often  climbeif  up  tin*  wall  :  liy  means  of  i(s  inter 
Btioes,  from  which  (  he  mor( ar  bad  fallen  in  (  he  course  of  ( jme,  _ 


T 


!i 


!'i! 


1G6 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


to  take  a  ])eep  at  llif  c-ity,  merely  putting  our  eyes  ubove  the 
level  of  tlie  top  of  it. 

A  Mr.  Martin,  a  liardy,  daring  and  active  young  man,  of 
Lamb's  company,  I  tlUnii  a  fsergt^ant,  proposed  t(j  bear  intel- 
ligence of  our  projects,  totiie  American  commander,  without 
the  walls.  His  plan  was  apjjroved.  A  time  for  irruption  was 
named,  though  the  day  was  not  particularised.  The  signals 
to  invite  the  advance  of  our  army  to  St.  John's  gate,  were  the 
burning  of  the  houses,  and  the  firing  of  the  guns  of  tlie  ram- 
l)arts  towards  the  (rily.  As  yet,  we  were  unprepared  to  move. 
This  expedition  of  Martin's  was  profoundly  a  secret  among 
tlu)&e  ■  f  the  council,  from  a  fear  that  some  bungler  might  at- 
tempt the  same  path,  fail,  and  by  liis  being  taken,  unveil  oiar 
plots.  Permit  me  a  short  t^pisode  on  the  escaj)e  of  Martin.  It 
waH  singularly  adventurous,  and  the  neatnes.s  of  its  execution, 
rentiers  it  worthy  of  remark.  I  had  the  pleasure  of  hearing  it 
recounted,  in  more  happy  times,  at  New-York.  Martin  was 
dressed  in  warm  clothing,  with  good  gloves;  aAvhite  caj),  shirt 
and  overalls  were  prei)ared  for  him.  He  appeared  in  the  jail 
yard  among  the  prisoners,  in  his  daily  dress.  The  time  of  lock- 
ing up,  and  calling  the  roll,  generally  happened  about  sun- 
dt>wn.  It  was  the  business  of  the  captain  of  the  i)rovost,  who 
wi  <  accompanied  l)y  a  file  of  men.  The  prisoners,  instigated 
by  those  in  the  secret,  employed  themselves  out  of  doors,  until 
late  in  the  evening,  in  play,  its  if  to  keep  their  bodies  warm. 
It  was  a  blowing  and  dreary  evening,  wldch  was  jnirposely 
chosen.  At  locking  up,  those  in  the  secret  lagged  behind, 
tardily,  pushing  the  uninformed  before,  yet  so  slowly,  as  ef- 
fectually to  crowd  the  gangway;  Martin  reuuiined  in  the  rear. 
Tile  operation  took  place  at  the  ;ianging  of  the  lock  of  the 
great  front  door.  This  measure  was  iuuigined  and  (ilTected  on 
purpose  to  jH'ocure  to  Martin,  a  sufTlciency  of  leisure  to  get 
to  his  hiding  ])lace,  Avhich  Avas  no  othei- than  a  nook,  foruuMl 
by  the  ])rojection  of  th<!  dooi'-way,  and  on  the  top  of  oiui  of  the 
banks  l)eforo  spoken  of.  Hero  Ik*  liad  tinu>  to  put  on  his  cap, 
shirt,  &c.  Tlie  olTicer  who  examined  the  yard,  could  not,  per- 
ceive him,  unless  he  went  out  of  the  door.  sev«>ral  ])aces  to  the 
left,  and  most  jjrohalily,  not  eveii  tluMi,  for  Martin  would  be 
coveriMl  in  the  snow,  and  imjMM'ceptlble.  Happily  the  ofllcer 
went  no  further!  ban  ( lie  threshold,  and  mailebutaslightsurvey 
of  (lie  yard.  This  account,  so  far,  is  derived  fi'om  my  own 
knowledge;  what  follows,  is  from  ftbirtin  himself.  "IMaitin 
tar-ied  then*  (intil  seven  or  "ight  o'clock.  The  dilemma  he 
was  in,  could  only  b(*  surpassed  in  iTu..Mnence  of  dang«'r,  by 
his  eAlreme  activil  y,  skill  and  courage.  Then'  wi're  lour  sj>n- 
triuH  stationed  around  the  jail— two   at  eucli  corner  in  front, 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


w: 


and  the  like  number  at  the  corners  of  the  yar  I  in  the  rear. 
Those  sentries,  thougii  relieved  every  quarter  of  an  hour,  were 
soon  driven  into  tlie  sentry-boxes,  l)y  the  cold  and  keenness 
of  the  whistling  winds.  If  they  had  paced  the  spaces  allotted 
them  by  duty,  the  escape  of  Martin  must  have  been  impossi- 
ble. Watching  the  true  time,  he  slipped  down  the  wall  into 
the  deep  snow  underneath  unobserved.  Hence  he  mad(>  a 
sudden  excursion  to  the  left  of  St.  John's  gate,  at  a  part  of 
the  wall,  where  he  well  knew  no  sentry  was  placed.  Lt^aping 
the  wall,  into  the  snow,  he  received  the  lire  <.)f  a  distant  sen- 
try. Martin  was  unharmed.  The  soldier  fired,  as  it  were,  at  a 
phantom,  for  when  Martin's  body  came  into  contact  with  the 
snow,  it  was  undiscerniljle— tlie  desired  information  was 
given;"  l)utof  this,  w(M'ould  merely  make  surmises  until  the 
May  following.  That  which  is  very  remarkable  is,  tluit  the 
aV)sence  of  Martin  was  unknown  to  government,  until  the  ex- 
plosion of  our  plot. 

Our  next  solicitude  was  the  acquisition  of  [mwder.  This  ar- 
ticle could  b(>  oi)tained  but  by  sheer  address  and  shrewd  man- 
agement. But  we  i>:i,.l  to  do  with  men  who  were  not  of  the 
military  cast.  We  h^  j^.tn  first  to  enter  into  familiarity  with 
the  sentries,  joking  with  them  and  pn^tending  to  learn  i''rench 
from  them.  The  guard,  usually  of  Canadians,  consisted  of 
many  old  men,  and  young  boys,  who  were  very  "  en  mi ))(/.'''  A 
few  small  gnn-cari'i.'iges  were  constructed,  not  more  than  six 
inches  in  length,  and  mounted  Avith  cannon,  or  howitzers, 
which  were  made  of  many  folds  of  paper,  and  wen*  bound 
tightly  around  with  lhr(>n,d.  Thesii  were  shewn  lo  <hes(;ntries 
from  tinu^  to  time,  and  a  little  powder  was  recpiested,  with 
which  to  (diarge  tluMU.  Our  births  formed  an  angle  of  the 
room.  The  upper  l)irths,  as  well  as  the  lower,  luid  a  ledge  of 
several  inches  ii;  heighth,  in  which,  embrasnres  were  formed 
with  the  knif«>.  Two  parties  were  raised  in  opposition  lo  each 
other,  each  of  which  took  possession  of  one  side  of  Ihe  angle. 
The  blaze  and  report,  whi<'h  was  nearly  as  great  and  as  loud 
as  1  hat  <»t  small  pistols,  created  nui.'h  langhlei-and  merrinuMit. 
This  si)ort,  tint  (diild  of  a,  seeming  lolly,  servtui  us  as  a  pre- 
tent^e  and  justification  for  soliciting  powiler.  The  apparent 
joy  prev/iiling  among  us,  j)lea>*ed  the  ( 'ana.diaiis,  both  old  and 
xonng,  and  «lid  not  alarm  the  government.  We  obl/iined 
many  cartridges  in  theeours(>  of  a  few  weeks,  t  wot  birds  of 
whi<"h  catufi  to  the  hands  of  Aston  and  his  corps,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  manniact  iring  marches,  &C.  &(•.  Fire  a,rms  of  any 
kind,  could  not  by  any  linesse  be  jirocnred.  The  commerc<>  of 
(•artrldges,  accompaided  by  a  suavity  and  deference  of  num- 
iiers,  towards  our  young  friends,  procured    ns  many  »|uarters 


11 


'1   1 


108 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


ilii'i. 


hi 


'li-j 


ii 


iHI 


if 


'■ 


8     .1.. 


:i'» 


of  pounds  of  powder,  which  thoy  bought  secretly  out  of  funds, 
some  of  whicli  were  procured  in  a  hidicrous  way.  ^Ve  had 
many  sick  in  the  hospital,  for  when  any  one  appeared  to  be 
disordered  in  the  least  degree,  he  was  hurried  to  the  inlirmary, 
when  cured,  he  Avas  returned  to  us.  Some  of  the  men,  went 
so  far  as  to  feign  sicliness,  to  get  to  that  place,  where  they 
lived  in  a  more  sumptuous  style  than  that  of  the  jai..  The  fre- 
quent removiiils  caused  the  propagation  of  a  report  that  the 
prison  was  unhealthy.  Many  pious  matrons,  came  to  see  us, 
and  never  empty  handed.  Some  elderly  nuns,  of  respectable 
families,  were  of  the  number,  and  generally  brought  money, 
truly  not  gri.:;at  in  quantity,  but  not  the  less  acceptable  to  the 
sick  and  convalescent,  as  these  alms  procured  them  some 
slight  comforts,  such  as  tea,  &c.  These  were  the  religious  and 
hunuine  collections  of  the  sisterhood,  and  mostly  consisted  of 
the  smallest  change.  There  was  a  beautiful  countenanced 
youth,  Thomas  (ribson,  first  sergeant  of  Hendricks,  who  had 
studied  physic  at  Carlisle,  I'ennsylvania,  allied  to  me  by  aili- 
nity,  who  had,  probably  from  a  knowledge  he  had  of  his  i)i'o- 
fession,  sustained  his  health  hitherto;  his  cheeks  were  bloom- 
hig  as  roses.  He  was  one  of  the  council.  As  young  men,  we 
cared  little  about  the  means,  so  that  we  obfaiiied  the  end, 
whi(!h  was  powder.  We  lived  above  staiivs,  and  never  shared 
in  tlie  gratuities  of  the  ladies,  which  Avere  rapaciously  awaited 
at  the  entnuicH  of  the  prison,  (ribson  and  myself,  Avero  stand- 
ing at  a  Avindow  near  the  great  door,  and  ojjposito  to  M'Coy's 
room,  a  neat  little  box,  whicii  had  been  knocked  up  for  his 
pin"i)oses.  Looking  into  the  street,  a  lady  Avith  n,  thick  veil, 
Avas  observed  to  take  the  path  through  thesnoAvto  our  habi- 
tation. "Zounds  Gibson,  there's  anun,"  Avas  scarcely  expressed, 
before  ho  Avas  hurried  into  l\r(%)y'sa])artment  and  jjut  to  bed, 
though  «lr(>ssed.  Several  of  us  Avaited  respectfully  at  the  door, 
till  the  olllcer  of  the  guard  unlocked  it.  The  nun  entered  — 
she  seemed,  from  her  numners,  to  be  genteel  and  respectable. 
W(*  Avere  most  sedulous  in  our  attentions  to  th(<  lady,  and  ho 
prevailtMl,  as  to  induce  her  to  come  into  IM'Coy's  room.  Hero 
lay  (iil)son,  covered  to  the  chin  Avitli  the  b(?d-cIolhes,  noth- 
ing exposed  l)iil  his  beautiful  hair  and  I'ed  (iheeks,  the  latter 
indicating  a  higli  fever.  It  Avas  wt^li  the  lady  Avas n(» i)hysi(Man. 
The  luni  crossing  herself, and  whisix^'inii:  .a  i)aler-nost(.'r,  poured 
the  contents  of  her  littlii  purse  into  the  haiul  of  the  patient, 
Avhi(^li  he  held  gtMdly,  AVit  liout  (he  blanketing,  and  left  us. 
Whai  shoidd  the  doiial  ion  be,  bnt  i  wtMit  y-four  coppers,  e(|iial 
at  that  time  to  1  vvo  shillings  of  onr  money.  Tlui  latter  circuui- 
slanct"  atldf'd  nuurh  to  lix'  liumoi',  ii,nd  e\tre?ne  morriniHut. 
of  tht'  transaction.     This   money  was  solely  a[)propriated    tor 


CAMPAIO^}  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


169 


powder.  Thus,  careless  of  everything,'  but  the  means  of  escap- 
ing, we  eujoyeil  many  merry,  and  even  luii)py  liours.  Aston, 
who  was  ijroviilent  of  time,  by  the  middle  of  March,  (I  have 
no  note  of  the  pre^^ise  period,)  had  all  his  nuitteivs  of  arrange- 
ment in  go(xi  ordei". 

The  council  assignetl  a  day  for  the  irruption.     As  we   dared 
not  touch  the  door   in  the  cellar,  from  a  fear  of  discovery  by 
inspection,  (and   it  Avas  examined  almost  daily,)  it  was  detei'- 
niined  to  postpone  the   unloosing  the  hinges  and  lock,  which 
were  under  our  command,  until  the  moment  of  escapt;.     It  be- 
came a  main  (juestiou,  how  to   remove  the  ice  at  the  foot  of 
the   door.     Here  lay  the  great  difficulty,  as  it  was  universally 
agreed  that  the  door  must  be  (h-agged  down  suddenly,  so  that 
we   might  march  over  it.     Remember  also,  that  a  sentry  Avas 
posted  not  more  than,  from  lift«>en  to  twenty  feet  from  the  out- 
side of   the  door.      Many  propositions  were  made    in    council, 
how  to  efr(!(!t  the  removal  of  the  body  of  ice  without  exposure 
to  detection.     One  was  lightly  to  pick  it  away  with  hatchets, 
a  few  of  which,  had   been   secretly  retained,  by  the  prisoners, 
and  brought  into  the  jail.     To  this,  ther(>  were  several  insuper- 
able   objections:  the  softest  stroke  of   the  lightest  tomahawk, 
upon  the  ic(>,  would    be  heard  by  a  sentry  .so  near  ;  or  an  un- 
lucky stroke  might  touch  the  door,  which  would  resound  and 
inevitably  cause  a  discovery.     Others  proposed  to  wear  away 
the    ice    by  boiling  water ;    two    most   obvious    objections   hiy 
here:  the  steam  would  search  for  a  vent  through  the  creviiU'B 
of   the  dooi',  and  window,  and  develop  our  measures;  besides 
the   extremt;   cold   would    have   congealed   the  hot  water,  tlui 
moment   it    fell,  so  as  to  add  to  our  ditllcidties.      Anolh';    idea 
Avas  suggested,  ^/fc/i  was  "  with  kniAes  to  (uit  liie  door  across 
on  the  surfact!  of  the  ici',"  to  this  plan  there  avos  a  fatal  excep- 
tion, the  ice    had    risen  on   the  loAver  cross-piece  of  the  door, 
nearly  an  inch,  so   that  we  nuist   cut    Ihrough  the  crosf-pieci" 
hnigth wise,  and  through  the  thick  plank   cross-wi.se.     Though 
this  labour  might  have  been  ac(M)inplished  l)y  industry  and  per- 
severance, yet  the  time  it  would  niMM'ssaril\-  take,  would    cause 
a   discovery  by  the  searchers.     TIk^   last  and   only  method  to 
avtiitl   dis(!overy,  Avas  adopted.      This  was  to  otiibody  sixtf.'ii  or 
eighteen  of  the  nu)st  prudent  lucu,   who  kn.'W  th-- value  of  sil- 
ence, whi»  should,  two   and    two,  rfiie\i       ah   other,  and  Avilh 
our  long  knives  gent  iy  pareawa^    i  he  ice,  u»*xt  the   sill  of    the 
door,  HO  as  to  make  a,  groove  of  four  <»ri»ix  ia»clies  wide,  parallel 
Avitii,  and  deep  as  the  sill.     Til-'   |)i'rs<in.s  w»^r»»  named  and  ap- 
pointt'd   to  tills  service.      Now  the   capabiiifyof  the   execution 
ofourjjlot.  infused  comfort  and  joy  into  all  hearts.      It  was  in- 
tended  immediately  after  locking-up,  on    the    night  •>t  their- 


170 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


ruption,   that  those   prudent   men,   should    descend    into  the 
vault  by  i)airs,  and  I )y  incessant  labour,  liave  the  work  linishe<l 
by  three;    o'clock   in    the    morning,  when    the  sally  should    be 
made.     We  had   carefully  noticed  from  the  walls  of  the   jail, 
and   the  ridge  of   th<;  house,  where  there  is  a  trap-door,  the 
l)lacing  of   the    guards,  the    numbers  and   stationing  of  the 
sentries.      We  were   safe,  therefore,   in    the   measures  we   liad 
taken,  for   the  attack  of  the  guard  of   St.  John's  gate.     Our 
own  guanl  was  perfectly  scrutinized.     The  ojiportunities,  were 
of  the  most  commodious  kind.     The  guard-house,  was  directly 
in  our  front,  where  we  could  see  and  be  seen.     Their  windows 
had  no  shutters.     They  had  lights  all  the  night  through:  we, 
the  better  to  observe   them,  kept  none.     This  latter  circum- 
stance, enal)led  us  distinctly  to  see,  that  the  arms  with  fixed 
bayonets,  were   placed  in  the  right  hand  corner  of  the  room, 
as  we  would  enter  from  the   stair-head,  and  that  the  guard 
towards  morning,  to  a  man,  were  lying    asleep  on  the  floor 
The  sentries,  as  they  were  relieved,  did  the  like.     This  guard, 
as  was     before    said,    in    ordinary,    consisted    of    thirty  per- 
sons.      Boyd's    i>arty    from     a     perfect    knowledge    of    their 
method    of    conducting,  esteemed    it    no   great    hardiness,   to 
undertake  the  overwhelming   them.      Subsequently  our  dan- 
ger must    appear.     Tlie   nights  were  i)iercingly  cold — thesen- 
trit^s  soon  housed   themselves    in  their  boxes.      As  the  sally, 
to  succeed,  must  b(»  most  silent  and   quick,  it  was  hoped    to 
quiet  all   (jf   them,  before  any  alarm    could   spread.     Hesides, 
Boyd's  division  (the  lirst  rank  of  which,  were  to  despatch  the 
nearest    sentry  by  the    spear,)  others  of  t he  succeeding  corps, 
wen^    assigned   to  assail    the  rest  of  tlie  .sentries,  immediately 
arourul  the  prison.     The  getting   ui)  the  stairs  of  o//,r  guard- 
house, so  quickly  as  to  create  no  alarm,  was  not  only  feasible, 
but  in  my  mind,  (with  the  force  delegated  to  us,)  of  absolute 
certainty  of  sxuicess.     TIk;  front  door  was  always  open  hy  night 
and  by  day,  we  knew  the  juvcise  number  of  steps,  the  stairs  cf>n- 
taintul.    An  agile  man,  would  mount  at  tiiree  strides.     A    light 
was  eontiiuuilly  in  the  passage.   Enterini,'' tlu!  room,  and  turning 
to  the  right,  the  jirins  in  the  corner  wer-  ours.     Tlie  ))ayoiiet, 
from    nec(>8Sity,  would    beciome  the  lot  of   the  guard.     Tn  this 
part  of  the  enterprise,  profound  silence  was  all  important  ;  the 
S(U!tion  was  to  rely  on    the  sp.-ar    and    tom.ihnwk.     Aston   on 
the  ovhei-   hand,  being  \ictorious    at  St.  Johns  gait',  was  in- 
stantly to   turn  the  cannon   upen  the  city :  bis  fuses,  jjortflr**, 
&c.   were   i)repared    and    ready  <is   substitu^^es  for  thom»  <if   the 
enemy,   if    //jr/y  Mere    extinguished   nr    taken    from    the    guns. 
It  win  known  to  iis.  thai  .ill  the  cannon  of   the  ramparts  weni 
chargiid  and   primed,  and    boxes  of  ammunition  and  piles  of 


,■-/#* 


CAMPAIGN  AGAlx\ST  QUEBKC. 


171 


balls  in  the  vicinity  of  each  gun,  it  "svas  calculated,  that  the 
execution  of  the  business  of  our  i-iection,  might  l)e  ellected  in 
at  least  fifteen  minutes,  together  with  the  firing  of  the  houses. 
Then  running  to  support  Aston,  and  if  he  was  victorious,  to 
maintain  our  position  on  the  Avails,  under  a  hope  of  the  arrival 
of  the  American  army  from  without.  In  that  event,  St. 
John's  gate,  as  a  first  measure,  was  to  be  opened.  IJut  if  As- 
ton should  unfortunately  be  beaten,  (which  was  most  improb- 
able, )thon  we  were  to  fly  in  all  directions,  and  make  the  ad- 
venturous leap.  It  was  supposed  that  in  the  latter  case,  the 
hurry  and  bustle  created  by  so  sudden,  unforeseen  and  daring 
an  atta(!k,  would  throw  the  garrison  into  consternation  and 
disorder,  to  so  great  a  degree,  as  to  admit  the  escape  of  many. 
Sluggards  might  expect  to  be  massacred. 

The  particularity  of  the  foregoing  details,  are  purposely 
made  to  impress  on  your  minds,  a  single  truth :  "That  the 
"best  imagined  schemes  and  thoroughly  digested  designs, 
"whether  in  military  or  civil  life,  may  be  defeated  by  a 
"thoughtless  boy,  tJie  interference  of  an  idiot  or  a  treacher- 
"ous  knave. "  Two  lads  from  Connecticut  or  Massachusetts, 
whose  names  are  now  lost  to  my  memory,  prisoners  with  us, 
but  who  had  no  manner  of  connection  or  intercourse  with  the 
chiefs,  nor  knew  the  minute,  yet  essential  parts  of  the  meas- 
ures of  the  council :  but  ju'obably  having  overheard  a  whisper 
of  the  time  and  manner  of  the  evasion  :  Tliose  young  men 
without  consultation,  without  authority  from  their  superiors, 
in  tin?  thoughtless  ardor  of  their  minds,  on  the  eve  of  the 
sally,  descended  into  the  cellar,  and  with  hatchets,  picked  at 
the  ice  at  the  door-sill.  The  operation  was  heard.  The  sen- 
try thivatened  to  fire.  The  guard  was  instantly  alnrmed  and 
iinm(Mliately  doubled,  and  all  our  long-laboured  schemes  and 
well  digested  plans,  annihilated  in  a  moment.  You  cannot 
form  an  adequate  idea  of  the  pangs  we  endured.  My  heart 
was  nearly  broken  by  the  excess  of  surprize  and  burning  anger, 
to  be  thus  fatuitously  deprived  of  the  gladdening  hop(\  of  a 
speedy  return  to  our  friends  and  country.  It  be(!a,me  us, 
however,  to  put  the  best  face  upon  it.  It  was  suddenly  re- 
solved l)y  the  chiefs,  to  kill  the  person  wlio  should  disclose)  the 
general  oloj,  and  to  wait  upon  thi'  ollicers  on  the  ensuing 
morning,  with  iMir  usual  attentions.  WIkmi  morning  cjiin(\  it 
fotmd  us  afooi  About  sunrise,  the  formidable  inquisition 
took  plai-e.  Major  Murray,  ca[)tain  Prentis,  Ihf  olTicer  of  the 
gmird,  and  a  dozen  musketeers  <'am(!, — wo  awaited  their  ap- 
l>roa(li  un<lismayed.  They  accosted  us  very  cooly.  The  cellar 
was  visited,  and  the  work  of  those  fools  was  apt)arent.  Re- 
a>«cending,  we  c<)id<l  assure   tlie  gentlemen,  thai  tliis  effort  to 


It 


^1 


III 


I 


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I  T'l 

I I  w 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


I    i 


escape,  was  without  the   knowledge   of   nay  of  us.     This  to  be 
sure,  was  said  in  tlie  Jesuitical  style,  but  those  who  made  the 
assertion,  did  not  then  linow  either  the  persons  or  the  names 
of   the  silly  adventurers.     The  officers  and  the  guard  were  de- 
parting, fully  ijersnaded  tliat  it  was  no  more  than  tlie  attempt 
of  one  or  two  persons  to  escape.     Major  Murray  was  the  last 
to  recede.     An  Englishman  of  whom  we  knew  not  that  he  was 
a  deserter  from  our  enemies  at  Boston,  had  posted  himself  close 
to  the  right  jamb  of  the  <loor,  which  was  more  than  half  opened 
for  the  passage}  of  the  major.     Those  of  us,  who  wei'e  deter- 
mined to  execute  our  last  night's  resolution,  armed  with  our 
long  knives,  had  formeil  a  half-circle  around  the  door,  without 
observing  the    intrusion  and  presence  of  the  deserter.     Major 
Murray  was  standing   on  the  threshold,  speaking  in  a  kindly 
manner  to  us,  when  the  villain  sprung  past  the   major,  even 
jostling  him.     The  spring  ho  nuide,  was  so  sudden  and  so  en- 
tirely unsuspected,  that  he  screened  himself  from  our  just  ven- 
geance.    Touching  ma,j.  Murray's  shoulder,  "Sir,"  says  he  "I 
have  something  to   disclose."    The   guards  encompassed  the 
traitor,  and  hurried  liim  away  to  the  Governor's  palace.     We 
instantaneously  ijerceived  the  extent  and  consequences  of  this 
disaster.     The  i)risoners  immediately  destroyed  such    of    the 
arms,  as  were  too  l)ulky  to  hide,  if  destructible,  and  secreted 
the  rest.     In  an  hour  or  two,  a  file  of  men  with  an   officer,  de- 
manded Boyd,  (!^unningliam  and  t)thers,  represented  by  the  vile 
informer,  as  lukewarm    in    the  plot.     They  were  escorted  to 
the  Governor's  council.     il(!i*e  they  found,  that  the  wretcli  had 
evidenced  aU  our  proceedings  minutely,  naming  everyone  who 
was  prominent.     Our  Avorthy  compatriots  were  examined    on 
oath,  and  as  men  of    honor  coultl  not  conceal  the  truth.     The 
questions  of   the  council,  (lurnished  by  the  informer,)  did   not 
admit  of  equivocation  or  (evasion,  if   the  examinants  had  been 
HO  inclined,  and   besides    all    tergiversation,  when  the  outline 
was  nuirked,  was  nugatory.     They  boldly  adjuitted  and  justi- 
fied the  attempt.     We  did  not  fare  the  worse  in  our  })rovisions 
nor  in  the  estimation  of  our  enemy.      Returning  to  the  jail, 
my  dear   Boyd  shed  the  tears  of  excruciating  anguish  in   my 
bosom,  deploring   our    adverse   fate.     We  had  vowed  to  each 
other  (o  l)e  free  or  dii",  and  to  be  thus  foolishly  baulktHl,  caused 
the   most  heart    rending  grief.     Towards  two  o'clock   ]'.    M. 
wo    seen    several    heavy  cart-loads,    consisting    of    long    and 
weighty  irons  ;  such    as  bilboes,  foot -hobbles  and    hand-cutrs, 
arrive.     The  prisoners  were  ordered  to  their  rooms.     The  iron- 
ing  i)egaii    below  stairs  with    Morgans  comjjany.     Here   the 
bilboes  were  expend«Ml.      If  not  iniich  mistaken,  t(»n   or  twelve 
persons  were  secured,  each  by  afoot  to  a  ))ar  twelve  feet  long. 


AV( 

lo 
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fr( 
wr 
Tl 
M( 
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pa 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC.  173 

and  two  inehoH  in  diameter.  Tlie  licavy  bolts  Avere  exhausted 
in  the  story  below  us.  When  they  came  to  our  i-ange  of  rooms, 
they  turned  to  the  left,  instea<l  of  couiin^  to  the  right  wliere 
we  were.  By  the  time  the  officers  came  to  us,  even  the  hand- 
cuffs were  nearly  out.  Each  of  us  was  oblij^ed  to  takt;  to  his 
birth,  which  contained  live  men  each.  When  they  had  shackletl 
those  of  the  lower  births,  they  connuenced  at  one  the  most  dis- 
tant from  ours.  Slipping  in  the  rear  of  ray  companions,  bent 
down  in  apparent  trepidation,  the  black-smith  ironed  my 
mess-mates,  and  then  called  to  me  to  descend  and  submit  to 
his  office.  Coming— "Never  mind  that  lad,"  said  my  friend 
captain  Prentis.  They  had  but  three  or  four  pair  of  hand- 
cuffs left,  which  were  clapped  on  the  elderlj^  and  robust.  Be- 
sides M'Coy,  our  Boniface  the  cook,  Doctor  (xilijxiu,  twootliers 
and  myself,  who  were  unhampered,  all  the  ri«Nl  were,  in  ap- 
pearance, tightly  and  lirndy  secured.  Though  ftl'Coy  and 
Boniface,  were  adepts  at  insurrection,  yet  their  services  were 
of  too  mncih  importance  to  government,  to  be  dispensed  with. 
The  others  of  the  unfettered,  remained  so  from  the  exhaus- 
tion of  the  shack](!S.  A  new  species  of  interesting  occur- 
rences, mingled  with  luuch  fun  and  sportive  humor  now  oc- 
curred, which  was  succeeded  by  a  series  of  horrible;  anguish. 
The  doors  were  scarcely  closed,  before  we  began  to  assay  the 
unshackling.  Those  avIio  had  small  hands,  by  compressing 
the  palms,  could  easily  divest  the  irons  from  their  wrist.  Of 
tliese  there  were  many,  who  became  the  assistants  of  their 
friends,  whose  hands  were  larger.  Here  there  was  a  necessity 
for  ingenuity.  Knives  notched  as  saws,  were  the  principal 
means.  The  head  of  the  rivet,  at  the  end  of  the  bar,  was  sawed 
off,  it  was  lengthened  and  a  screw  formed  upon  it,  to  cap 
which,  a  false  head  was  made,  either  of  iron  or  of  lead,  resem- 
bling: as  luuch  as  possible  the  true  head.  Again  new  rivets 
were  formed,  from  the  iron  we  had  preserved  in  our  se(!ret 
hoards,  from  the  vigilance  of  the  searchers.  These  new  rivets 
being  nHuUs  to  bear  a  strong  liiieness  to  tin;  old,  were  then  (Uit 
intotwoparts — one  part  was  driven  into  the  bolt  tight  ly,  became 
stationary,  the  other  part  was  moveable.  It  behoved  tli  > 
wearer  of  the  maiuicle  to  look  to  it,  that  he  did  not  lose  the 
loose  part,  and  when  tlie  searchers  came  to  examine,  that  it 
should  stand  i\ru\  iu  the  orilice.  bome  poor  fellows,  perhaps 
from  a  defect  of  ingenuitv,  the  hardness  of  the  iron,  or  the 
want  of  tlui  requisite  tools,  could  not  discharge  the  J)ilboe8. 
This  was  particularly  the  melancholy  predicament  of  threes  of 
Morgan's  men,  wliose  heels  were  too  long  to  slip  through  the 
iron,  which  encompassed  the  small  oi  the  leg.  Itwastruely 
])ainful,  to  see  three  jiersons  attached  to  a  monstrous  bar,  the 


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HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


weight  of  which  was  above  tlieir  strength  to  carry.  It  added  to 
the  poignancy  of  their  sufferings,  in  sudi  frigid  weatlier,  that 
their  colleagues  at  the  bar,  having  shorter  heels,  could  with- 
draw the  foot  and  perambulate  the  jail :  where  their  com- 
panions left  them,  there  they  must  remain  seated  on  the  Iloor, 
unless  some  kind  liands  assisted  tliem  to  remove. 

There  was  a  droll  dog  from  the  eastward,  who  was  doubly 
unfortunate  :  in  tlie  attack  of  the  city,  he  had  received  a  spent 
ball  in  the  pit  of  the  stomach,  which  liad  nearly  ended  him  :  now 
it  became  his  lot  to  have  an  Immensj;  foot-bolt  fastened  to  his 
leg,  without  a  companion  to  bear  him  company,  and  cheer  his 
lonely  hours.  This  victim  of  persecution  and  sorrow,  would 
sometimes  come  among  us  in  the  yard,  bearing  up  his  bolt, 
slung  by  a  cord  hitched  over  his  shoulder.  Nothing  could 
damp  his  spirits.  He  talked,  laughed  and  sung  incessantly. 
Some  others,  besides  those,  were  similarly  situated.  Those, 
who  were  so  lucky  as  to  have  light  hand-cuffs,  bore  them 
about  with  them.  The  greatest  danger  of  discovery,  aiose 
from  those  who  could  free  themselves  from  the  heavy  irons. 
The  usual  visitations  were  intn-eased  from  twice  to  thrice  a  day, 
in  the  flrst  and  last  the  smith  searched  the  bolts  of  each  per- 
son. But  there  were  other  intrusions,  intermediately,  by  offi- 
cers evidently  despatcheil  by  the  suspicions  of  government,  for 
the  purpose  of  discovery.  To  counteract  these  new  measures 
of  caution  and  jealousy,  we  were  well  prepared.  Sentries,  on 
our  part,  were  regularly  station^nl  at  certain  Avindows  of  the 
jail,  to  descry  the  approach  of  any  one  in  the  garb  of  an  offi- 
cer. The  view  from  these  windows,  was  pretty  extensive,  down 
two  of  the  streets,  particulai'ly  tha,t  leading  to  the  palace. 
Notwithstanding  every  caution  loavoid  detection,  yet  the 
clang  of  the  lock  of  the  great  door,  was  upon  some  occasions, 
the  only  warning  given  us  of  the  impending  danger.  The 
scami)erings  at  those  times  were  truly  diverting,  and  having 
alwaysescaped  discovery,  gave  us  much  amusement.  The  clank- 
ing of  the  fetters  followed,  and  was  terrible  ;  such  as  the  inuigin- 
tion  forms  in  childhood,  of  the  condition  of  the  souls  in  Tar- 
tarus;  even  this  was  S{)ort.  Happily  our  real  situation  was 
never  known  to  any  of  the  government  ofllcers ;  unless  the 
good  blacksmith,  (a  worthy  Irishman,  of  a  feeling  heart,) 
might  be  called  such,  and  he  was  silent. 

Towards  the  middle  of  April,  the  scurvy,  Avhich  we  had 
been  imbibing  tiuring  the  winter,  now  made  its  appearance 
in  its  most,  virulent  and  deadly  f«)rm8,  preceded  and  accom- 
panied l)y  a  violent  diarrhoea.  Many  of  those  who  were  first 
affected  were  taken  to  the  hospital.  Hut  the  disease  soon  )»e- 
oamo  general  among  us.     We  were  attended  several    times  by 


i' 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


175 


doctor  Muybin,  the  physioian-general,  wlio,  by  Ills  tender  at- 
tentions, and  amiable  maimers,  won  our  aJlections:  he  recom- 
mended a  cleansing  of  the  stomacli,  by  ipecacuannah  and  mild 
catharticks,  such  as  rhubarb,  together  witli  due  exercise. 
Tliose  who  were  young,  active,  and  sensible  of  the  doctor's  sal- 
utary advice,  kept  afoot,  and  practised  every  kind  of  athletic 
sport  we  could  deviise.  On  the  contrary,  those  who  were  ^;u- 
pinely  indolent,  and  adhered  to  their  blardvets,  Ijecame  ob- 
jects of  real  commiseration— their  limbs  contracted,  as  one  of 
mine  is  now  :  large  blue  and  even  black  blotches  appeartnl  on 
tlieir  bodies  and  limbs -the  gums  became  black -the  morl)id 
flesh  fell  away— the  teeth  loosened,  and  in  several  instances 
fell  out.  Our  minds  were  now  really  depressed.  That  hilarity 
and  fun  whicli  supported  our  spirits  in  the  greatest  misfor- 
tunes, gave  way  to  waitings,  groanings  and  death.  I  know, 
from  dire  exiierience,  that  when  the  l)ody  suffers  pain,  the 
mind,  for  tlie  time,  is  deprived  of  all  its  exhilirations  in 
sliort,  almost  of  the  power  of  thinking.  The  elbow  joints,  the 
hips,  tlie  knees  and  ancles  were  most  severely  j)ained.  It  was 
soon  observed,  (though  the  doctor's  nuite  attended  us  almost 
daily,  and  very  carefully,)  there  was  little  or  no  nutigation  of 
our  diseases,  except  that  the  diarrhoea,  which  was  derived 
from  another  cause  than  tliat  whidi  produced  the  scurvy, 
was  somewha,t  abated  ;  and  that  our  remedy  la^v  elsewhere  in 
the  materia  medica,  wliich  was  beyond  tlie  grasp  of  the  phy- 
sician. The  diarrhoea  came  from  the  nature  of  the  water  we 
used  daily.  In  the  month  of  April,  tlie  snows  begin  to  melt, 
not  by  the  heat  of  the  sun,  but  most  probably  by  the  warmth 
of  the  earth  bene.'ith  the  snows.  The  ground,  saturated  with 
the  snow-water,  naturally  increased  tne  fountain-head  in  the 
cellar.  Literally,  wt*  drank  the  melted  snow.  The  scurvy  had 
another  origin.  The  diet— salt  pork,  infamous  biscuit— clamp, 
and  close  confinement,  in  a  narrow  space,  together  with  the 
severity  of  the  alimate,  were  the  true  causes  of  the  scury. 

There  was  no  doubt  in  any  reflective  mind  among  us,  but 
that  the  virtuous  and  Ijenelicent  Carleton,  taking  into  view 
his  perilous  predicament,  did  every  thing  for  us,  which  an 
honest  man  and  a  good  Christian  could. 

An  observation  maybe  made  in  this  place  with  propriety, 
that  is,  that  in  the  climates  of  all  high  southern  or  northern  re- 
gions, the  soil  is  very  rich  and  prolific.  This  beneficial  opera- 
tion of  nature,  is,  in  all  likelihood  attributable  to  the  nitrous 
qualities  which  the  snow  deposites.  Of  the  fact,  that  nitre  is 
the  princijial  ingredient  which  causes  fertility  in  the  earth, 
no  man  of  t>bservation,  can  at  this  day,  reasonably  doubt. 
The  earth  is  replete  of  it.     Wherever  earth  and  shade  unite, 


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176 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


it  is  engendered  and  ))ecomes  appparent.  This  idea  is  proved 
by  the  eircunistance,  that  nitre  may  he  procured  from  caves, 
the  earth  of  cellars,  outliouses,  and  even  from  common  earth, 
if  kept  under  cover.  During  the  late  revolution,  when  pow- 
der was  so  necessary,  we  everywhere  experienced  the  good 
effects  of  tliis  minerological  discovery  ;  it  gives  me  pleasure  to 
say,  tliat  it  is  most  fairly  ascribable  to  our  German  ancestors. 
The  snows  whicli  usually  fall  in  Canada  about  tlie  middle  of 
Novembei*,  and  generally  cover  tiie  ground  until  the  end  of 
April,  in  my  opinion,  ilU  the  soil  with  those  vegetative  salts, 
which  forward  the  growth  of  plants.  This  idea  was  evinced  to 
me,  by  my  vague  and  inconsiderate  mind,  from  observations 
then  made,  and  which  wore  more  flrmly  established  by  assur- 
ances from  captain  Prentis,  tliat  muck  or  manure,  wliich  we 
employ  in  southern  climates,  is  there  never  used.  In  that 
country,  the  moment  the  ground  is  freed  from  snow,  the  grass 
and  every  species  of  plant,  spring  forward  in  the  most  luxu- 
riant maner.  Captain  Prentis, boi^idethecontinuation of  hiscare 
anJ  friendship  to  Gibson  and  myself,  did  not  restrain  his  gen- 
erosity to  individuals,  but  jjrocured  for  us  a  permission  from 
g_overnment,  to  send  out  an  old  Irishmen,  of  the  New- York 
line,  an  excellirnt  cat  holic,  to  collect  for  us  vegetable  food.  The 
first  specimen  of  this  g<)(Ml  old  m  in's  attention  and  industry, 
was  the  production  of  a  largo  baskot-full  of  the  ordinary  blue- 
grass  of  our  country;  tliis  grass,  by  those  who  got  at  it,  was 
devoured  ravenously  at  the  basket,  if  so  happy  as  to  be  able 
to  come  near  it.  Scurvy  grass,  in  many  varieties,  eschalots, 
small  onions,  onion  tops  and  garlic,  succeeded,  and  were  wel- 
comed by  all  of  us  for  several  months  afterwanls.  This  vora- 
cious ajipetite,  for  vegetables,  seems  to  be  an  incident  always 
concurring  in  that  terril)le  <lisease,  the  scurvy:  nature  seems 
to  instill  into  the  patient,  a  desire  of  such  food,  an<l  of  acids, 
which  are  the  only  specillo,  with  a  due  attention  to  cleanli- 
ness, hitherto  tliscovered,  that  do  eradicate  the  stamina  of  the 
ilisease.  From  my  contracted  knowledge,  it  is  imperceptible 
that  there  is  any  material  discrepancy,  between  the  sea-scurvy 
an«l  the  laud-scurvy  of  high  southern  and  northern  latitudes. 
The  descriptionsgiven  by  Robins,  (or  if  you  please,  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Walter,)  and  other  voyag<^»rs,  of  the  causes,  the  symptoms  and  , 
the  effects  of  that  (lisorder,  seem  to  concur  in  every  particular 
with  our  various  ((xiicrience  at  Quebec.  Recollect  it  is  not  a 
physician  who  speaks.* 


*TIie  late  cnptain  Thomas  Boyd,  the  strongest  and  largest  man 
among  us,  when  coming  to  the  air,  frecpiontly  famtod ;  oneRothrook, 
of  Morgan's,  hud  so  fcuted  a  breath,  it  wua  disgusting  to  enter  the 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


177 


|an 
Ik, 
Ihe 


About  the  time  above  spoken  of,  governor  Carleton  directed 
that  we  should  be  supplied  with  fresh  beef.  This  was  no  other 
than  that  which  had  been  brought  into  the  city  when  we  lay 
at  Aiix-Tremble,  in  the  foregoing  autumn,  and  in  aid  of  the 
stores  of  the  garrison.  It  hatl  lain  in  a  frozen  state  during 
the  winter,  without  salting,  but  now  as  warm  weather  was 
ai>proaching,  it  began  to  thaw  and  was  liberally  disposed  of 
to  the  garrison  and  prisoners.  The  beef  wai  sweet,  though 
here  and  there  a  little  blueish,  like  the  mould  of  stale  bread, 
very  tender,  but  somewhat  mawkish.  It  was  palatable  and 
nutritive  to  men  afflicted  as  we  were.  This  beef,  connected 
with  vegetables,  soon  animated  us  with  an  idea  of  returning 
heaUli  and  vigor :  yet,  though  it  mitigated  the  pains  we  en- 
durer,  it  did  not  totally  expel  the  scurvy. 

The  seventh  of  May  arrived.  Two  ships  came  to  the  aid  of 
the  garrison,  beating  through  a  body  of  ice,  winch  perhaps 
was  impervious  to  any  other  than  the  intrepid  sailor.  This 
relief  of  men  and  stores,  created  great  joy  in  the  town.  Our 
army  began  their  disorderly  retreat.  My  friend  Simpson, 
with  his  party,  were  much  misused,  from  a  neglect  of  giving 
him  information  of  the  intended  flight  of  our  army.  Some 
few  of  the  men  under  his  authority,  straggled  and  were  tak«>n 
in  the  retreat.  They  came  to  inhabit  our  house.  Now,  for 
the  first  time,  wo  heard  an  account  of  the  occurrences  during 
the  winter's  blockade,  which  to  us,  though  of  trivial  import, 
were  immensely  interesting.  The  sally  of  this  day,  produced 
to  the  prisoners  additional  comfort.  Though  the  troops  took 
o  Bev<M'e  revenge  upon  our  friends  without,  by  burning  and 
destroying  their  properties.  The  next  day,  more  ships  and 
troops  arrived  :  a  pursuit  took  place,  the  efTect  of  which  wasof 
no  consequence,  except  so  far  as  it  tended  to  expel  the  colo- 
nial troops  from  (Canada.  To  the  prisoners,  this  retreat  had 
pleasing  consequences;  fresh  bread,  beef  newly  slaughtered, 
and  a  supera,bundance  of  vegetables,  was  a  salutary  diet  to  our 
reduced  and  scorriutic  bodies.  Still  freedom,  that  gr(?atest  of 
blessings,  and  exorcise  were  required  \n  bring  back  to  us  gen- 
uine h(>altli.  About  this  time  an  incident  occurred,  which 
threw  us  into  extacy,  as  It  relieved  our  nunds  and  faculties 
from  a  most  torturing  piece  of  preservative  tluty  :  this  was  no 
oilier  than  an  authoritat  ive  divestuuMil  ctf  t  lu*  irons.  One  day, 
perhaps,  the  (Ifteenth  or  eighteenth  of  ]\Iay,  colonel  ^[a.cl(>an, 
attended  by  major  (Jarleton,  a  younger  brother  of  the  gen- 
room  ho  iidiahitod  ;  one  of  Tjiimb's  company,  lost  Ids  f^ums  and  some 
of  Ins  tootli,  all  wore  loose,  of  which,  I  am  certain  as  his  luoutli  was 
examined  by  me. 

18- Vol.  XV. 


178 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


eral's,  major  Mai baum,*  a  German  officer,  both  of  wliom  had 
just  arrived  from  Europe,  together  with  captain  Prentiss,  and 
otlier  officers,  entered  tlie  jaii  about  mid-day.  The  prisoners 
paraded  in  tlie  jail-yard  completely  ironed.  Captain  Prentis, 
by  the  direction  of  colonel  Maclean,  pointed  out  to  the  other 
officers:  "This  is  general  such-a-one— that  is  colonel  such-a- 
one,"and  in  this  manner  proceeded  to  name  all  the  leading 
characters.  Happening  to  bo  very  near  the  amiable,  it  might 
be  said,  admirable  major  Carleton,  he  was  overheard  to  say, 
"colonel,  ambition  is  lau<Iable ;  cannot  the  irons  of  these  men 
be  struck  oflT'  This  the  colonel  ordered  to  be  done  immedi- 
ately. Our  Itind-hearted  blacksmith  was  not  distant :  he  came, 
and  the  officers  renuilned  to  see  some  of  the  largest  V»olts  di- 
vested, junl  then  left  us.  "Come,  come,  gentlemen,"  said  the 
blacksmith,  "you  can  put  off  your  irons."  In  a  minute,  the 
vast  pile  lay  before  him.  Being  now  at  full  bodily  liberty,  we 
completed  a  ball  court,  which  had  been  origanilly  formed,  as 
it  were,  by  stealth.  Here  a  singular  phenomenon  which  at- 
tends the  scurvy,  discovered  Itself.  The  venerable  and  re- 
spectable Maybin.  had  recommended  to  us  exercise,  not  only 
as  a  mean  of  cure,  but  as  a  preventive  of  the  scorbutic  hum- 
ours operating.  Pour  of  the  most  active  would  engage  at  a 
game  of  "fives."  Having  played  some  games  in  continuation, 
if  a  party  incautiously  sat  down,  ho  was  seized  l)y  the  most 
violent  pains  in  the  hips  and  knees,  which  incapacitated  hnn 
from  play  for  many  hours,  and  from  rising  from  the  earth, 
.  had  seated  himself.     These  pains  taught  U8 


pati 


to  keep  afoot  all  day,  and  even  to  eat  our  food  in  an  erect  pos- 
ture. Going  to  bed  in  the  evening,  after  a  hard  day's  jilny, 
those  sensations  of  pain  upon  laying  down,  immediately  at- 
tacked us.  The  pain  would  continue  half  an  hour,  and  often 
longer.      My  own    experience  will   authorise    me  to  say  twp 


*Thi8  gentloniiui  was  0  feet  4  or  5  inches  lugh,  nnd  as  well  propor 
tioned.  His  disposition,  was  a  kindly  one.  Ho  spoke  liis  own  lan- 
guiigo  ndmirahly,  and  French  fluently,  but  no  English.  Knowing 
from  his  military  dross  and  manners,  that  he  was  aOorinan,  T  was 
induced  to  address  him  in  that  language.  Ho  appeared  astonished, 
yot  pleased  at  hearing  his  own  toiiguo  IVoin  an  American  lad— in<iuirod 
concerning  Pcmisylvania,  o\w  way  to  (iuoboc,  tVrc.  but  sooincd  ap- 
prohonsive  of  the  jealousy  of  the  English  otHcially,  who  did  not  un- 
derstand us.  The  Karon  Ktiyphausen  wantcMl  an  interpreter.  Cap- 
tain Prentis,  wlio  was  really  my  friend  made  me  tlio  proposition,  as 
from  the  Itaron,  and  used  various  arguments  to  induce  a  compliance, 
all  of  which  wero  spurned.  In  1778  or  1779,  I  had  again  the  pleasure  of 
seeing  the  major  at  Lancaster,  in  the  company  of  my  father,  but  ho 
was  then  a  prisoner. 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


179 


hours.  In  the  morning,  we  rose  free  from  pnin,  and  the  rou- 
tine of  pUiy  and  fatigJie  ensued,  but  iilways  attendtfd  by  the 
Hiime  efTects,  particularly  to  the  Htnbborn  and  incautious,  who 
would  not  adhere  to  the  wholesome  advice  of  doctor  Maybiii. 
Those  who  were  inactive,  retained  those  excruciating  pains  to 
the  last,  together  with  their  distorted,  bloated,  and  blackened 
limbs.  Upon  our  return  frcnii  Canada,  in  the  autumn  of  177(i, 
I  Kaw  Ave  or  six  of  my  crippled  compatriots,  liobbling  through 
the  streets  of  Lancaster  on  tlieir  way  hoiue.  It  cost  a  tear — 
all  that  could  be  given.  By  the  month  of  August,  the  active 
were  relieved  from  those  pains. 

Towards  the  en<l  of  May,  governor  ('arleton  ordered  each  of 
the  prisoners  a  linnen  shirt.  This  gift,  to  in(»,  was  most  agree- 
able, as  linnen  next  the  skin,  for  some  months  past,  was  iinfelt, 
and  few  persons  who  have  not  felt  the  extremity  of  such  endur- 
ances as  ours,  can  forui  a  full  conception  of  the  gratification 
we  enjoyed.  Having  had  but  one  shirt  on  at  the  tiuie  of  our 
capture,  it  was  soon  destroyed  bv  the  wearing,  and  tlu^  re- 
peated washings  it  required.  Delicacy  forbidsa  dilation  upon 
the  cause  and  elTt'cts.  You  Avould  langli  at  the  description  of 
one  of  our  washing  parties.  Rising  early,  the  prime  object 
was  to  make  a  strong  ley  of  wood-aslu^s,  of  which  we  had 
plenty,  into  which  th(i  linnen  was  j)lunged,  and  concocted  for 
an  hour  or  more,  under  a  hope  of  putt ing  an  end  to  certain 
vagrants,  of  a  genera  with  which  most  of  us  are  acquainted. 
During  the  boiling,  the  votaries  of  cleanliness,  cloaked  in  a 
blanket,  or  bla.nket-coat,  watched  the  bullitionsof  the  kettlr^ 
The  boiling  don«',  the  linnen  was  born«*  to  the  yard,  where  each 
one  washed  his  own,  ami  watcln^l  it  during  the  drying,  almost 
in  a  state  of  luiture.  Captain  ^'rentis,  pitying  my  sad  condi- 
tion, pressed  upon  me  often  toaccept  from  him,  moiu'v  to  i)ur- 
chaseasuitof  clotheH,  andlie  w<mld  trust  to  the  honor  and  integ- 
rity of  myfatherfori)ayment,  whose  character  h«!  knew.  Adher- 
ing to  my  llrst  determination,  this  polite  and  generous  propo- 
sal of  my  amiable  and  deserving  friend,  was  as  often,  yet  most 
thankfully  d(Mdin<Ml,  niMMgre  tint  advice  of  my  l)osonj  fri»'nils 
Hoyd  ami  ( 'Unningha.m  to  t  he  contrary.  H<*  however  I'orccd 
upon  UK*  a  half  Johnnites.  This  small  sum  was  applied  to  the 
solacci  of  my  h(»art.  In  tlu^h'st  i)la(M',  to  an  article  still  more 
necessary  than  a  shirt.  The  residue  was  expended  upon  mat- 
ters which  cheered  the  hearts  of  my  mi>ssma,te8,  whom  1  dearly 
loved  ;  cheese,  Ptigar,  tea,  cotTee.  &c.  spirits  was  detesti'd,  as 
wo  kniiw  it  to  be  a  poison  to  scorbutic  itersons.  What  i)lensetl 
mo  much  more,  and  gave  me  pure  delight,  was  the  following 
occurrence:  Of  my  own  acconl,  no  one  knowing  of  the  inten- 
tion, the  good   old  Irisluuan  was  delegate<l  to  purchase  three 


I 


180 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


or  four  pounds  of  tobacco.  It  was  secretly  l^rought,  and  as 
secretly  borne  to  our  room.  A  pound  was  produced  and  fairly 
parted  among  our  tobacco-chewers.  Yoii  cannot  conceive 
their  joy.  When  the  first  paroxism  was  over,  the  remainder 
was  disposed  of  in  the  same  way.  The  thardvfulness  of  those 
brave,  but  destitute  men,  arose  towards  me,  nearly  to  adora- 
tion. You  will  ask  why?  Hear  the  reason:  From  your  small 
knowledge  of  mankind,  you  can  have  little  conception  of  the 
force  habit  lias  on  the  hunmn  race.  One  who  chews,  smokes 
or  snuffs  tobacco,  is  as  little  able  to  abstain  from  that  enjoy- 
ment, as  you  would  be,  if  compelled,  to  refrain  from  your  usual 
meals.  This  particular  is  spoken  of,  to  persuade  you  by  no 
mean  to  use  tobacco  in  any  shape.  It  is  a  poison,  of  the  most 
inveterate  l<ind,  wliicli  like  opium,  arsenic,  and  several  other 
medicaments,  may  be  applied  to  healthful  purposes,  yet,  if 
employed  in  an  extreme  degree,  produces  instantaneous  death. 
Tliese  ideas  are  not  visionary,  but  are  supportable  by  the  au- 
thority of  some  of  the  ]>est  pliysicians.  You  are  at  full  liberty 
to  put  your  own  constructions  upon  these  observations.  But 
to  return  to  my  fellow-prisoners. 

In  the  wilderness,  where  the  army  soon  run  out  the  article 
of  tobacco,  the  men  had  many  valuable  sucjcedaneums.  The 
barksof  thedifferentkindsof  firs,  thecedar,  the  red  willow, "and 


*lR,ed  willow  (Saiix  jyurpnrea.)  This  shrub,  which  is  a  native  of 
the  United  States,  js  spread  throughout  our  climates.  The  outer  bark, 
of  a  deep  red  color,  peels  in  a  \  cry  thin  scale,  the  inner  is  scraped  oil' 
with  a  kuifo,  and  is  dried  cither  in  the  sunor  over  the  lire.  The  scent 
when  burning,  is  delightful.  To  increase  tlio  (lavor,  the  Indians 
pluck  the  current  years  branches  of  the  upland  siunach,  and  dry  it  in 
bunches  over  the  smoke  of  a  firo.  A  l)alf  part  of  Red-willow  bark, 
added  to  us  much  of  the  dryed  sumach  forms  the  killo-kinic.  Those 
ingredients  added  to  a  tliird  part  of  leaf  tobacco,  and  tiie  mass  rubbed 
linely  together  in  the  palm  of  the  hand,  makes  that  delicious  fume,  so 
fasiMiuiting  to  the  red,  and  also  to  the  white  men.  Care  nuist  bo  taken 
by  the  consumer,  not  to  use  the  swamp  sumach  (li/uiit  I'crnix)  for 
the  upland  (Rhus  Glahrum)  as  the  former  is  most  poisonous,  and  re- 
sembles the  latter,  in  the  bark  and  leaf  so  uuich,  thatan  incurious  eye, 
ndght  be  deceived.  The  ditVerenco  to  a  stranger  may  bo  distinctively 
marked  by  observmg,  that  tlie  biuicli  of  berriesof  the  upland  sumach 
is  a  cono  closely  attached  to  each  other,  and  when  ripe  of  a  reddish 
color.  The  berries  of  the  swamp  sunuK^h,  hang  loosely  pendant,  I'roui 
a  lengthy  foot-stalk,  and  when  ripe,  are  of  a  greoiush-grey  :  at  least  I 
never  saw  the  l)erry  in  any  other  state.  The  unhappy  person,  who 
would  employ  the  swamp  siuna<;h  in  smoking,  would  forfeit  his  ej'o- 
sight  This  truth  I  hail  from  Natanls  in  (^anada,  and  it  has  since, 
uittny  yours  ago,  boon  confirmed  to  mo  by  the  celebrated  Souoca  "  The 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


181 


r 

T 
lo 


the  leaves  of  tunny  ti-stringent  or  hitter  plants  hupplied  the 
place  ;  but  within  the  bare  walls  of  our  jail,  there  was  no  sub- 
stitute for  this  dear  and  inebriating  vegetable.  Thus  was  all 
my  money  expended,  and  much  to  my  satisfaction,  and  to  the 
heart-felt  pleasure  of  my  brave  and  worthy  companions,  whose 
sulTorinirs,  in  certain  points,  were  greater  than  my  own.  The 
table  of  t  Im  virtuous  and  generous  Prentis,  had  often  furnished 
me  liberally  with  wholesome  viands.  With  convalescency 
though  pennyless,  we  again  became  merry  and  light-hearted. 
In  the  beginning  of  A  uyust,  we  were  told  by  captaia  Prentis, 
that  the  Governor  had  concluded,  to  send  us  by  sea  to  New- 
York  upon  |)arolo,  for  the  purpose  of  being  exchanged  ;  that 
the  transports,  which  had  brought  the  late  reinforcements  from 
Europe,  were  cleansing  and  preparing  for  the  voyage.  Now 
there  was  exultation.  On  the  seventh  of  August, wesubscribed' 
our  written  paroles.*  Captain  Prentis  procured  me  permis- 
sion from  government,  with  a  few  friends,  to  traverse  the 
city.  An  officer  of  the  garrison  attend«Ml  us.  Our  first  desire 
was,  to  see  the  grav(5  of  our  Geiicral,  and  those  of  his  aides; 
as  well  as  those  of  the  beloved  Hendricks  and  Humphreys. 
The  graves  wens  within  a  small  plac**  of  interment,  neatly 
walled  with  stone.  The  colTins  of  Montgomery,  Cheeseman 
and  M'Phorson,  were  well  arrang«>(l,  side  by  side.  Those  of 
Hendricks,  Hujnphreys,  ('oop«^r,  &(^  were  arranged  on  the 
south  side  of  the  inelosure,  but  as  the  burials  of  these  heroes, 
took  place  in  a  dreary  winter,  and  the  earth  impen«'trable, 
there  was  i)ut  little  soil  on  the  eoHlns,  the  snow  and  ice, 
whi(^h  had  been  the  principal  covering,  being  now  «lissolved. 
the  foot  of  the  General's  colUn,  was  exposed  to  the  air  and 

Cornplantor."  You  know  the  e.xporionco  of  our  own  famil)',  when 
clearing  tlio  swamp,  as  to  llio  deleterious  qualities  of  the  wood  as  fuel: 
your  motlicr  HUlVerod  greatly  from  its  poisonous  vapors.  The  niooso- 
door  preler  the  red-willow  as  food  ;  wo  uutst  Ireipiontly  oljservod 
them  in  its  neighbourhood.  The  vanilla  of  SoiUli  Anun-ica,  has  heen 
ai)(>lied  by  the  Spaiiisli  maiuU'acturerH  of  tobacco,  in  various  ways  ; 
it  is  slrango,  that  wo  have  never  assayed  the  Killekinic. 

*It  will  perhnps  bo  proper  to  jfive  you  an  idea  of  the  paroU*  exacted 
:vt  that  lime.  "  We  whose  names  are  hereunder  wrilten,  do  solenndy 
"  promise  and  engage,  to  his  excellency  ficneial  Carlotou,  not  to  say 
•'or  do,  any  thing  against  his  majesty's  person  orgoverninent;  and  to 
"repair  whenever  retpiired  so  to  do  by  his  (>xcelle!U'v.  or  any  of  his 
"  majesty's  connn mders  in  chid"  in  A  merica,  doth  please  to  <hrect,  in 
•Hostimony  of  wlii(!li,  we  l)ave  hereunto  set  our  luuids  this  day  at 
"(iuoljee.     August  Till,  177(». 

J.  J.  11.  Ac." 

1  roeoivod  the  original  paper  in  1778,  in  consc(pien(!0  of  an  oxehange 
of  the  Ht.  John's  prisoners  for  us. 


il 


Jll 


m\ 


m 


I  If 


182 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


view.  Tlie  coffin  was  well  formed  of  fir-plank.  Cnptair 
Prentis  iiHsnred  me,  that  the  graves  Hhouid  be  deepened,  and 
the  bodies  duly  deposited ;  for  ho  also  knew  Montgomery  as 
a  fellow-soldier,  and  lamented  his  untimely  fate.  'J'hence  wo 
proceedetl  past  the  citadel,  along  the  ramparts  to  C'ape  Dia- 
mond, descended  the  declivity  slantingly,  and  examined  the 
stockades  and  block-house.  It  is  this  little  tour,  which  en- 
abled me  to  describe  to  you,  the  site  and  defences  of  that  for- 
midable pass.  Proceeding  thence  through  a  part  of  the  liower- 
town,  we  came  to  a  narrow  street,  which  led  us  to  an  immense 
stair-way,  one  of  the  ascents  into  the  Upper-town.  Ascend- 
ing here,  we  came  to  the  main  passage,  which  curvatured 
down  the  hill  into  the  Jjower-town,  and  which  was  to  lead  us 
in  our  supposed  attack  upon  the  Upper-town  ;  this  we  pursued, 
and  came  to  the  place  of  the  second  barrier,  which  had  been 
lately  demolished.  The  houses  on  both  sides  of  the  street,  in 
which  we  had  take/i  our  stand,  were  now  in  ruins,  having 
been  burnt  by  the  garrison,  as  were  the  suburbs  of  St  Rocpio 
and  St.  John's.  This  was  done  to  render  them  unlit  for  the 
shelter  of  future  assailants.  Thus  it  is,  that  war  destroys  the 
wealth,  and  robs  the  individual  of  happiness.  We  had  no  time 
to  uuike  observations,  but  such  as  could  be  done  in  passing 
hastily.  Returning  to  the  Ul)per.  town,  by  the  principal  and 
winding  road,  we  were  strongly  impressed  with  the  opinion, 
that  if  our  whole  force,  as  was  intended,  had  fonn<,'d  a  junc- 
tion in  the  Lower-town,  that  it  was  utterly  impracticable, 
either  from  our  numbers  or  our  means,  to  mount  by  a  road 
such  as  this  was.  Suppose  it  not  to  have  been  barricadtul  and 
enfiladed  by  cannon,  it  nnist  bo  assailed  by  the  bayonet,  of 
which  weapon,  we  had  very  few,  and  the  enemy  was  fully  sui)- 
plied.  But  wIkmi  we  rell(H',t,  that  across  tlu>  road,  at  the  centre 
of  the  arc  of  each  curv(>,  there  was  a  barricatle,  and  cannon 
placed  to  rake  the  intervals  between  the  di(Ter(!nt  barricades, 
the  dilllculties  of  the  ascent,  which  is  very  steep,  wouhl  be 
increased  even  to  insurmountability.  The  road  is  very  narrow 
and  lined,  next  the  hill,  by  a  stiipentlous  preeipictt:  on  lli«» 
other  I  and,  then*  were  some  houses  roiminti<;ally  i)erched  on 
the  side  of  the  «leclivity,  and  some  rocks.  The  declivity  of  it- 
self was  an  exc(*llent  d(^f(Mjci\  if  the  i)esi('ged  <'onl<l  maintain 
tli(»  position  in  front,  for  in  a  sliori  time,  in  .'^o  conlined  aspace, 
the  assailants  must  either  di(>,  retreat,  or  be  thrown  down 
the  hill  from  the  r<»ad  Hut  suppose  all  these  defences  over- 
come, and  we  had  arrived  at  the  l)row  of  the  hill  at  the  en- 
trance of  the  Upper-town,  here  a  still  mor*;  formidable  o}>stacl(> 
presented  itself,  than  thosti  which  could  be  formed  ))y  art  in 
tli«»  lower  parts  of  the  road.     At  this  place  there  is  a  hollow- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


183 


way,  wliich  in  the  hurry  we  were  in,  and  the  slight  view  we 
dared  talte,  appeared  as  if  out  out  of  the  solid  rock,  of  a  depth 
of  thirty  or  forty  feet.  Atliwart  tliis  way,  tliero  waH  a  strong 
stocliade  of  a  lieight  nearly  e(]ual  witli  tlie  perpondictdar  sidt^s 
of  the  way  or  gulley.  From  the*  surface  above,  we  niiglit 
luive  been  stoned  to  death,  by  tlie  defenders  t>f  the  fortress, 
witliout  a  probability  of  their  receiving  harm  from  us  below, 
though  ever  so  well  iirmed.  liut  the  stockade  itself,  from  its 
structure  and  abundant  svrength,  would  have  resisted  ji,  force 
manifold  our  nuiubers,  and  much  better  supplie<l  and  ac- 
coutred. From  these  observati<»ns,  (those  of  an  uninstructed 
youth  tobesurt', )  then'  was  no  hesitation  in  telling  my  intimate 
friends,  thcMi  and  since,  that  the  schejue  of  the  con(iU(*st  of 
the  Upper-t«)wn,  was  visionary  and  groundless,  not  the  result 
of  our  tle.'ir  gejjeral's  rellectlons,  but  forced  upon  him  by  the 
nature  and  necessities  of  the  times,  an«l  his  disagreeal)le  i)re- 
dicament.  if  a  coalition  of  our  forces  in  the  Lower-town  had 
taken  effect,  the  general  would  then,  most  probal)lj',  have  de- 
veloped his  lattsnt  and  nsal  [)lans.  The  reasons  given  in  coun- 
cil, nuiy  have  been  prt)mulgated,  merely  to  induce  a  mon^  spir- 
ited «jx«;rtion  upon  the  part  of  the  olTlcers  and  soldiery,  who 
were  not  in  the  secret,  to  excite  a  factitious  valor.  Get- 
ting into  serious  action,  and  warmed  by  the  opposition  of  the 
enemy,  the  troops  nnght  have  been  induced  to  persevere,  in 
any  Jipjiarently sudden  design  of  the  general.  The  cupidity  of 
the  soldiers  luul  l)een  i)layed  upon.  This  latter  fact,  is  known 
to  me  of  njy  own  particular  knowledge.  Some  weeks  before 
the  attack,  the  soldiers  In  their  common  convcu'sations,  spoke 
of  the  conquest  of  (ho  city,  as  a  certainty;  an»l  exultingly  of 
the  plunder,  they  shoidd  win  by  their  bravery.  It  was  not 
my  l)usiness  to  contradict  :  l)ut  to  urge  them  on.  Perhaps  the 
setting  fire  to  the  Jiower-town,  on  the  side  of  Cape  Diamond; 
considering  the  pnn'ai ling  wind,  which  was  at  south-east,  but 
aft(M'war(ls  changed  to  north  and  north-west;  such  a  design 
might  hav«t  been  effected.  The  shipping  also  ice-bound,  num- 
erous and  valiuible,  moored  around  t  he  point,  woul.i  have  been 
consntinil»le :  .Ml  this  destriu'tion  wouM  have  been  a  victory 
of  no  mean  kind  ;  but  adding  eclat  to  the  known  gallantry 
and  prowess  of  the  general.  Tin'  Almight  y  willed,  that  we 
should  lun'er  know  the  pith  or  nuirrow  of  Ills  projects;  what- 
ever they  wer(>,  my  mind  Is  assured  that  they  were  consid- 
erately and  well  designetl.  H(^  was  not  a  man  io  act  incau- 
tiously and  without  motive,  and  too  honest  and  brave  to  a(l(»pt 
a  sinister  part.  No  doubt  we  could  have  escaped  l)y  the  way 
of  St.Uociue,  protected  by  the  smoke  of  (he  conMagralifUi,  ami 
the   terror  and  bustU*,  whicli  would  «ionse(pien(ly  be  cr(>ated 


' :  A 


^'1 


184 


HENRY'S  JOUxlNAL. 


in  the  town.  Though  this  pass  is  too  narrow  for  the  opera- 
tion of  a  large  body  of  men,  in  an  extended  front,  still  wo 
should  have  been  too  numerous,  (under  the  circumstances  sup- 
p<jsed,)  for  the  enemy  to  ullord,  a  force  issuing  from  Palace- 
gate,  adequate  to  oppoise  us.  In  the  next  instance,  if  we 
should  liappen  to  be  so  very  fortunate,  in  sucli  a  retreat,  as  to 
bat  tlie  foes,  tliey  inufit  retreat  into  the  city,  by  tlie  way  of  Pal- 
ace-gate, and  we  should  have  entered  pell-mell,  and  should 
thus  liave  achieved  the  possession  of  that  important  place,  the 
Upper-town,  which  was  the  primary  view,  and  last  hope  of  the 
general  and  the  army.  These  were  the  crude  notions  of  a  youth, 
formed  upon  the  spot,  l)ut  in  a  nuituration  of  thirty  years, 
are  still  retained. 

The  general  tlid  not  want  for  information.  Ufanj''  persons, 
male  and  female,  (unnecessary  mouths,)  were  expelled  the  city, 
to  wander  for  subsistence  among  tlieir  friends  in  the  country. 
His  own  knowledge  of  Quebec,  where  he  had  served,  would 
enable  him  by  interrogation,  to  extort  from  those  emigrants 
a  full  stock  of  inforuuition  of  all  the  new  deferfces  erected  by 
Governor  Carleton  since.  Consequently,  knowing  tlie  practi- 
cability of  Cape  Diamond,  (Annce  de  mere,  which  must  be  pro- 
vincial, and  1  do  not  unilerstand,)  as  an  entrance  to  the  Lower- 
town,  (but  a  most  dangerous  one,)  and  that  of  St.  Roque,  with 
which  and  its  l)arriers,  he  was  particularly  acquainted,  from 
his  own,  and  the  observations  of  others:  if  so,  he  would  most 
assuredly  be  inform»Hl  of  the  defensive  obstructions  on  the 
slope  of  the  hill,  and  the  employment  of  the  troops,  which 
would  in  consequence  attend  :  andhe  would  alsoknow  that  this 
place,  to  the  garrison,  would  be  a  [)erfect  Thermopylte,  im- 
passable by  ten  times  our  numbers,  if  we  had  been  veterans 
and  were  better  furnished.  From  these  reasons,  there  was  an 
inducement  for  my  mind,  at  all  times  since  the  attack,  to  con- 
clude, tha,t  it  was  never  gtMuwal  l\Iontgomerys  real  design,  to 
conquer  th(>  Upper- town,  by  an  invasion  from  tin*  Lowim*- 
town,  but  his  hid<len  and  true  plan  was,  by  a  consolidation  of 
our  whole  fore,  to  burn  tlui  Lower-town,  arul  tlie  shipping, 
and  to  ri'treat  l)y  the  way  of  Palace-gate  and  St.  Roque.  If  a 
sally  was  uuide  at  Palace-gate,  the  «'vent,  as  was  observed  be- 
fore, might  bo  fatal  to  the  enemy.  The  comjjrehensive  mind 
of  i\Iontgom»'ry,  would  not  only  appreeiat*.'  to  the  full  extent, 
the  peculiar  advantages  of  (he  enemy,  but  (!st  inuite  to  its  true 
value  the  UH'ans  he  possessed,  and  the  merits  of  his  own  army. 
Presuming  tlKi  colonists  to  be  successful  in  the  Lower-town, 
wheni  there  was  inueb  wealth,  and  th(!  avaricious  among  us 
be  in  some  tIegnMf  gratided,  it  would  have  created  a  spirit  of 
hope  and  t-uterprise  in  the  men,  tending  to  induce  them  toj-e- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUKREC. 


185 


la 

la 


muin  with  us.  Afterwards,  combining  our  whole  force,  with 
the  reiiiforcHinents  we  had  a  prospect  «)f  receiving,  an  attack 
upon  the  Upper-town  niiglit  have  succeeded.  In  a  woril  tlie 
destruction  of  the  liower-town,  in  my  appreliension,  whouhl  he 
considered  merely,  as  preparatory  to  a  general  ivssailmeul  of 
the  Upi)er-town.  notwithstanding  all  that  has  been  said  in  the 
memoirs  of  those  days.  A  contrary  opinion  went  abroad 
"that  tlie  general,  if  lie  hail  lived,  by  this  assault  would  have 
conquered  Qiiebefi."  No  idea  could  be  more  falacious.  It  was 
politically  right,  to  keep  up  that  opinion,  among  the  people 
in  those  trying  times,  but  its  accomplishment  with  our  ac- 
conjpaniment  of  men  and  defective  arms,  was  ideal.  Our  walk 
from  the  great  gate  and  palisade,  was  con.siderable,  ere  we 
reached  our  detestable  dwelling  :  as  we  had  enjoyed  a  few  hours 
of  fleeting  liberty,  the  "locking-np,"  became  the  more  horrible 
to  our  feelings.  The  next  day,  however,  we  had  the  ineffable 
pleasure,  of  marching  in  a  body  to  the  water  side,  and  em- 
barked on  board  live  transports.  On  tlie  following  day,  a  new 
joy  was  in  store  for  me.  General  William  Thompson,  (of 
whom  it  might  well  be  said,  '■'this  t's  a  vian,'")  who  had  com- 
manded our  regiment,  at  Prospect-hill,  as  its  colonel  :  he  had 
been  taken  prisoner  at  the  Three  rivers,  with  several  other 
officei's,  in  the  preceding  month  of  June.  He  was  now  aboard 
of  our  little  fleet,  destined  to  New-York.  Thompson  came  to 
our  ship,  to  visit  the  miserable  remnant  of  a  part  of  his  gallant 
corps.  The  general  had  a  special  message  to  me,  from  my 
father,  with  whom  he  was  intimate.  Coming  through  Lancas- 
ter in  his  way,  to  his  command  in  Canada,  he  was  authorized 
l)y  my  father,  if  ho  saw  me  in  that  country,  to  furnish  me  with 
money.  The  good  man  proffered  me  four  half-johannes',  one 
only  was  accepted.  What  was  nearer  and  dearer  to  my  heart, 
was  the  inforuuitiou,  that  my  parents,  relatives  and  friends 
were  well.  That  money  wrs  applied  to  the  u?e  of  my  mess- 
mates, ill  the  way  of  sea-stores.  Permission  being  obtained, 
Hoyd  and  myself,  went  ashore :  our  purchases  consisted  of  a 
very  large  Cheshire  cheese,  coffee,  tea  and  sugar,  together 
with  a  large  roll  of  tobacco  for  the  men.  Again  pennyless, 
jollity  and  mirth  did  not  forsake  us. 

We  sailed  on  the  tenth  of  August,  convoyed  by  the  Pearl 
frigate,  captain  IM'Kenzie.  Passing  the  delightful  island  of 
Orleans,  much  inshore,  we  observed  the  farmers  reaping  their 
wheat,  which,  as  we  run  along,  wc*  couhl  <jbserve  the  haiim,  in 
many  instances,  was  green  towards  the  foot  of  the  stalk. 
Prom  this  circumstance,  it  was  concluded,  that  frequently, 
particularly  in  cold  or  wet  seasons,  the  grain  nmst  be  Uiln- 
dried,  as  is  done  in  the  north  of  England,  and  in  Scotland,  be- 


I'  '  !  > 


W  '''.'31 


fi  ..-  -  '■ 


18G 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL 


fore  it  irt  housed  and  tlireshed.  The  wheat,  though  sown  be- 
tween the  lifteentli  and  twentietli  of  May,  and  probably  gonie- 
tiines  earlier  or  later,  is  weijijhty,  and  produces  a  very  fine 
white  flour.  The  voyage  down  the  river,  except  a  few  boister- 
ouHdayK,  was  pleasant.  We  had  some  noble  views,  interspersed 
liero  and  there  with  something  like  villages,  chapels  and  farm- 
houses. Afterwards,  we  had  in  prospect  a  bleak  and  dreary 
coast  and  country,  whose  craggedness  inspired  disagreeable 
sensations.  The  greatest  curiosities  were  the  seals,  whose  his- 
tory and  manners  were  then  known  to  me,  but  whose  living 
form  excited  attention,  as  they  were  creeping  up  or  basking 
on  the  rocks.  The  porpoises  perfectly  white,  in  vast  droves, 
played  before  an<l  around  us,  and  drew  my  attention  and  sur- 
prise, as  none  but  the  black  southern  porpoise  had  befoi-e  come 
under  my  view.  To  become  a  naturalist,  it  is  necessary  a  man 
should  travel ;  it  was  numy  years  before  books  could  persuade 
me  of  the  existence  of  a  green-haired  monkey;  but  these  were 
dimunitive  objects  indeed  in  nature's  scale,  of  comparative 
imagery,  when  contrasted  with  the  immense  river  Cadaracqua, 
or  as  it  is  now  called  St.  Lawrence,  second  to  no  river  in  the 
world,  unless  it  be  the  La  ]*Iata,  of  South  America.  Making 
this  observation,  you  must  understand  me  to  include  within 
it,  the  lake  Superior,  and  the  waters  which  feed  that  lake. 
i)lT  Gaspy  Point,  where  we  soon  arrived,  in  a  due  north  line, 
across  the  island  of  Anticosta,  the  river  is  about  ninety  miles 
wide.  Steering  with  favorable  weather,  the  island  of  St.  Johns 
came  in  view  ;  Dassing  it,  and  the  (rut  of  Canceaux,  experienc- 
ing some  stormy  weather  upon  the  ocean,  and  a  few  difficulties, 
we  happily  arrived  at  New-York  on  the  eleventh  of  Septem- 
ber, 1770.  and  anchored  three  miles  south  of  Governor's  Island. 
Now  it  was,  for  the  -irst  time,  that  we  heard  of  the  dilemma 
in  which  our  country  stood. 

The  battle  of  Long  Lsland,  on  the  twenty  seventh  of  August, 
had  been  unsuccessfully  fought  by  our  troops,  many  of  whom 
were  prisoners.  In  such  hurrying  times,  intercourses  between 
hostile  armies  in  the  way  of  negotiation  upon  any  point,  are 
effected  with  difliculty.  We  had  waited  patiently  several 
weeks,  to  be  disembarked  on  our  own  friendly  shore;  yet  tan- 
talized every  day  witli  reports,  that  to-morrow  we  should  be 
put  on  shore;  some,  and  in  a  little  while  all,  began  to  fear  it 
was  the  intention  of  (ieneral  Howe,  to  detain  us  as  prisoners  in 
opposition  to  the  good  willof  sirGuyCarleton.  Thisnotionhad 
so  strongly  impressed  the  minds  of  my  friend  doctor  Thomas 
Gibson,  and  a  young  man  called  .lolin  HIair,  of  Hendricks,  that 
they  determined  to  escape  from  the  ship.  They  wtie,  both 
of   tliem,  athletic   find   able    bodied   men,  and    most  adroit. 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QrKHEC. 


187 


Gibson  planned  the  niannur  of  eMcape ;  its  in^^oniousnesh,  liaz- 
ard,  boldness  of  execution  an«l  eventual  succesis,  received  the 
applause  of  all,  but  was  (iisapproved,  upon  tlie  principle  that 
it  trenched  upon  their  honor,  and  would  impede  our  release. 
The  story  is  this:  (iibson  and  lilair,  in  the  evt?ning,  dressed 
in  shirts  and  tro\vs(>rs,  were  up(,iii  the  main  deck  with  th(!ir 
customary  flapped  hats,  on  their  heads.  Gibson  {jave  me  a 
s<iuee'/e  of  the  hand  in  tokfu  of  farewell  ;  1h^  was  {jreetetl  kindly, 
for  he  was  the  brother  of  my  soul.  He  and  his  companion 
went  to  the  forecastle,  when;  there  were  two  lurfjo  New-Found- 
land  dogs,  each  of  which  had  his  i»arty,  or  rather  his  partisans 
among  the  crew.  These,  the  oxiventurershi.ssedat  each  other. 
The  dogs  being  engaged  with  their  usvuil  fury,  attracted  the 
attention  of  the  .sailors  and  many  of  the  prisoners:  they  took 
this  opportunity  ot  stripping  and  letting  themselves  tlown  at 
the  bow  into  the  water.  Leaning  over  the  sides  of  the  ship, 
in  company  of  some  friends,  in  the  secret,  and  unregurdful  of 
the  dogs,  we  awaited  the  numagoment  of  iluj  flight.  Tha  last 
lighted  cloud  appeared  low  in  the  west.  Something  extraor- 
•  linary  pas.sed  along  the  side,  a  foolish  f(.*Ilow  asketl,  "what  is 
that  ?"  "a  wave,  you  fool— a  mtsre  deception  of  sight,"  was 
answered.  It  was  the  h«*ad  of  Gib.son,  covered  by  his  large 
black  hat.  Within  a  few  yards  of  Gibson  came  lilair,  but  with 
a  snuiUer  hat,  he  was  obvious  ;  his  whit«?  skin  discovered  him, 
but  luckily  the  attention  of  the  "ignoramus"  was  engaged 
another  way.  These  daring  men  swam  to  the  barge  at  the 
stern,  entered  it,  and  slipped  the  rope.  They  had  rowed  a 
thousand  yards  before  the  boat  was  ndssed.  The  other  boats 
of  our  ship,  and  of  those  nej.  r  us,  were  despatched  after  the 
rnnaways,  it  was  too  late,  the  fjigitives  luul  loo  much  <<f  a 
start  to  l)e  easily  overtaken.  They  landed,  (having  rowcul 
about  five  miles,)  naked,  in  our  own  country,  somewhere  in 
the  vicinity  of  IJergen-neck,  and  bartered  IIk^  boat  for  some 
ordinary  clothing.  They  waited  on  gentsral  Washington,  who 
disapproved  of  their  demeanor. 

A  short  time  after  the  foregoing  occurrence,  a  most  beautiful 
and  luminous,  but  baleful  sight  occurred  to  us,  that  is,  the 
city  of  New -York  on  fu-e.  One  night,  (Sept.  22,)  tin!  watch  on 
deck  gave  a  loud  notice  of  this  disaster.  Running  npon  deck, 
we  could  perceive  a  I'ght,  which  at  the  distance  we  were  from 
it,  (fonrnnles,)  was  apparently  of  thesi/e  «)f  the  flaiue  of  a 
candle.  This  light  to  nie,  a[)peared  to  l)e  the  burning  (»f  an 
old  and  noted  tavern,  called  the  "Fighting  Cocks,"  (where, 
ere  this  I  had  lodged,)  to  the  east  of  the  battery,  and  near  the 
wharf.  The  wind  was  southwardl-y,  and  blew  a  fresh  gale;  the 
Uanies  at  this  place,  because  of  the  wind,  increased  rapidly. 


it' 


11 


, -f- 


m." 


188 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


Ik 


11 


la  a  moment  we  sa.w  iinotlier  li^ht  at  a  j^reat  distance  from 
the  fn-Ht,  up  the  North  river.  The  latter  lijjlit  seemed  to  be  an 
original,  distinct  and  new  formed  iire,  near  a  celebrated  tav- 
ern in  tlie  Hroad way  called  "White  Hall."'  Our  anxiety  for 
the  fate  of  so  (hie  a  city,  caused  much  solicitude,  as  we  har- 
boured suspicions  that  the  enemy  had  lired  it.  The  flames 
were  fanned  by  the  briskness  of  the  breeze,  and  drove  the  de- 
structive effects  of  the  element  on  all  sides.  When  tiie  fire 
reached  tlie  spire  of  a  larfje  steeple,  south  of  the  tavern,  which 
was  attached  to  a  large  church,  the  elTect  upon  the  eye  was 
astonishingly  grand.  If  we  could  have  tiivested  ourselves  of  tlie 
knowledge,that  it  was  the  property  of  our  fellow-citizens  which 
was  consuming,  the  view  might  have  been  esteemed  sublime, 
if  not  pleasing.  The  deck  of  our  ship,  for  many  hours,  was 
lighted  as  at  noon  day.  In  the  commencement  of  tlie  confla- 
gration, we  observe<l  many  boats  putting  off  from  the  fleet, 
rowing  speedily  towards  the  city  ;  our  boat  was  of  the  number. 
This  circumstance  rejielled  tlie  idea,  that  our  en«mies  were  the 
incendiaries,  for  indeed  they  professedly  went  in  aid  of  the  in- 
habitants. The  boat  returned  about  daylight,  and  from  tlie 
relation  of  the  officer  and  tlu^orew,  wodearly  discerned  that  the 
burning  of  New-York  was  the  act  of  some  mad-cap  Americans. 
The  sailors  told  us  in  their  blunt  manner,  that  they  had  seim 
one  American  lianging  by  the  heels  dead,  having  a  bayonet 
wound  through  his  br(»ast.  They  named  him  by  his  Christian 
and  sir  name,  which  they  saw  imprinted  on  his  arm  ;  they 
averred  he  was  caught  in  the  fact  of  firing  the  liouses.  They 
told  us  also,  thfit  they  had  seen  one  person,  who  was  taken  in 
tht)  fact,  tossed  into  the  fire  and  that  severals  who  were  stetd- 
iiig,  and  suspected  as  incendiaries,  were  Imyonetted.  Sum- 
mary justice  is  at  no  time  laudable,  but  in  this  instance  it  may 
have  been  correct.  If  the  Greeks  could  have  been  resisted  at 
Persepolis,  every  soul  of  them  oiiglit  to  have  been  massacred. 
The  testimony  we  received  from  the  sailors,  my  own  view  of 
the  distinct  bcyjiunings  of  the  fire,  in  various  spots,  remote 
from  each  other,  and  the  manner  of  its  spreading,  impressed 
my  mind  witli  the  belief,  that  tlm  burning  of  the  city  was  th(i 
doings  of  the  most  low  and  vile  persons,  for  the  purposes,  not 
only  of  thieving,  but  of  devastation.  This  seemed  too,  the 
general  sense,  not  only  of  tlm  Hritish,  but  thatof  the  prisoners 
then  atioard  the  transports.  Laying  directly  south  of  tln^  city, 
and  in  a  range  with  Hroadway,  we  had  a  fair  and  full  view 
of  the  whol(<  process.  The  i)ersons  In  the  ships  nearer  to  the 
town  than  we  were,  uniformly  held  the  same  opinion.  It  was 
not  until  some  years  afterwards,  that  a  doubt  was  created; 
but  for  the  honor  of  our  country  and  its  good  name,  an  ascrip- 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


189 


tion  was  made,  of  tiie  firing  of  the  city,  to  accidental  circum- 
Htances.  It  may  be  well,  that  a  nation,  in  the  heat  and  turbu- 
lenc-e  of  war,  Bhould  endeavor  to  promote  its  interents,  by  the 
propagating  reports  of  its  own  innocency  and  prowess,  and  ac- 
cusing its  enemy  of  flagrant  enormity  and  dastardliness,  (as 
was  done  in  this  particular  case,)  but  when  peace  comes,  lot 
us,  in  God's  name,  do  justice,  to  them  and  ourselverf,  liase- 
ness  and  villany  are  the  growth  of  ail  climes,  and  of  all  nations. 
Without  the  most  numerous,  and  the  most  cogent  testimony, 
asthefact  occurred  within  myown  view,  the  eloquence  of  Cicero 
could  not  convince  me  that  the  iiring  was  accidental.  Some 
time  after  the  burning  of  the  city,  we  understood  that  we  were 
to  be  embarked  in  shallops, and  landed  at  Elizabethtown-point. 
The  intelligence,  caused  a  sparkling  in  every  eye.  On  the 
next  day,  about  noon,  we  were  in  the  boats  :  -  adverse  winds 
retarded  us.  It  was  ten  or  eleven  at  night,  before  we  landed  ;  — 
the  moon  shone  beautifully.  Morgan  stood  in  the  bow  of  tlie 
boat,  making  a  spring,  not  easily  surpassed,  and  falling  on  the 
earth,  as  it  were  to  grasp  it — cried  "  Oh  my  country. "  We  that 
were  near  him,  pursued  his  example.  Now  a  race  commenced, 
which  in  quickness,  could  scarcely  be  exceeded,  and  soon 
brought  us  to  Eli/aViethtown.  Here,  those  of  us  who  were 
drowsy,  spent  an  uneasy  night.  Being  unexpected  guests,  and 
the  town  full  of  troops,  no  quarters  were  provided  for  us.  Joy 
rendered  beds  useless,  we  did  not  clo.se  our  eyes  till  dayliglit. 
Singing,  dancing,  the  Indian  halloo,  in  short,  every  species  of 
vociferousness  was  adopted  by  the  men,  and  many  of  the  most 
respectable  sergeants,  to  express  their  extreme  pleasure.  A 
stranger  coming  among  them,  would  have  pronounced  them 
mad,  or  at  least  intoxicated  ;  though  since  noon,  neither  food 
nor  liquor  had  passed  cmr  lips;  thus  the  passions  may  at  times 
have  an  intluenceeon  the  human  frame,  as  inebriating  as  wine, 
or  any  other  liquor.  The  morning  brought  ns  plenty,  in  the 
form  of  rations  of  beef  and  bread.  Hungt^r  allayed,  my  only 
desire  was,  to  proceed  homewards.  Money  was  wanting.  How 
to  obtain  it  in  a  place,  where  all  my  frituids  an<l  acquaintancfs 
were  alike  poor  and  destitute,  gave  me  great  anxiety  and  pai:  . 
Walking  up  the  street  very  melancholy,  unknowing  whut  to 
do,  I  observed  a  waggon,  built  in  the  Lancaster,  county  fash- 
Ion,  (which  at  that  time,  was  pcciuliar  in  Jersey,)  unloaiUng 
stores  for  the  troops,  comih  or  coming.  The  owner  seeing  me; 
gras[)ing  my  hand  with  fervor,  told  me,  every  one  believed 
me  to  be  dead.  Telling  him  our  story  in  a  compendious  nuin- 
ner,  the  good,  old  nam,  witlu>ut  solicitation,  presented  me  two 
silver  dollars,  to  be  repaid  at   Lancaster.     They  were  gladly 


nB^>8HB!!WW 


190 


HENRY'S  JOURNAL. 


i:Mr 


'■mi 
■'Ml 


received.  *  My  heart  became  easy.  The  next  day,  in  com- 
pany with  the  late  colonel  Febiger,  an<l  the  presen^^  general 
Nichols,  and  some  other  gentlemen,  we'  procured  a  light  re- 
turn-waggon, which  gave  us  a  cast  as  far  as  Princeton.  Here 
we  had  the  pleasure  of  conversing  with  Dr.  Witherspoon, 
who  was  the  first  that  informed  u»,  of  a  resolution  of  Con- 
gress to  augment  the  army.  It  gave  us  pleasure,  as  we  had 
devoted  ourselves  individually,  to  the  service  of  our  country. 
The  next  day,  if  not  incorrect,  W3  proceeded  on  foot,  no  car- 
riage of  any  kind  being  procurable.  Night  brought  us  up  at 
a  farmhouse,  somewhere  near  l^ristol.  The  owner  was  one  of 
tis,  that  is,  a  genuine  whig.  He  requested  us  to  tarry  all  night, 
which  we  declined.  He  presented  us  a  supper,  that  was  grate- 
fully received.  Hearing  our  story,  he  was  much  alTected.  We 
then  tried  to  prevail  on  him,  to  take  us  to  Philadelphia,  in  his 
light  waggon.  It  was  objected  that  it  stood  loaded  with  hay 
in  the  barn  floor;  his  sons  were  asleep  or  abroad.  .  We  removed 
these  objections,  by  unloading  the  hay,  while  this  good  citizen 
prepared  the  horses.  Mounting,  we  arrived  at  the  "Harp  and 
Crown,*'  about  two  o'clock  in  the  morning.  To  ns,  it  was  most 
agreeable,  that  we  pass^id  through  the  streets  of  Philadelphia, 
in  the  night  time,  as  our  clothing  was  not  only  threadbare  but 
shabby.  Here  we  had  friends  and  funds.  A  gentleman  ad- 
vanced me  a  sum  sufiicient  to  enable  me  to  exchange  my  leg- 
gins  and  mocUa,sins,  for  a  pair  of  stockings  and  shoes,  and  to 
bear  my  expenses  home.  A  day  and  a  half,  brought  me  to 
the  arms  of  my  beloved  parents. 

At  Philadelphia,  I  waited  upon  a  cousin  of  my  mother's, 
Mr.  Owen  Piddle,  then  a  member  of  the  "Council  of  Safety," 
who  informed  me,  that  while  in  captivity,  he  had  procured 
me  n  lieutenancy.  My  heart  was  otherwise  engaged.  Morgan 
the  hero!  had  promised  and  obtained  for  me,  a  captaincy  in 
the  Virginia-line.  Following  the  fortunes  of  that  bold  and 
judicious  commander,  my  name  might  have  been  emblazoned, 
in  the  rolls  of  patriotic  fame.  But  alas!  in  the  course  of  eight 
weeks,  after  my  return  from  captivity,  a  slight  cold,  caught 
when  skating  on  the  ice  of  Susquehanna,  or  in  pursuing  the 
wild-turkey,  among  the  Kittalinny  hills,  put  an  end  to  all  my 
vlsionaryschemesof  ambition.  This  cause  renewed  that  abom- 
inable disorder,  the  scurvy,  (which  I  luul  supposed,  was  ex- 
pelled from  my  system,)  accomj)aniKl  by  every  morbid  symp- 
tom, which  had  been  so  often  observed  at  Quebec,  attendant 

*Wlio(loyou  think  thiswas?  WhyStophen  IjUtz,  of  Lancaster— poor 
huthuluHtrinus.  I  have  thanked  liim  athousand  times  since,  and  have 
had  the  pioasuro  of  v>bliging  him. 


CAMPAIGN  AGAINST  QUEBEC. 


101 


)oor 
lave 


upon  others.  The  medical  men  of  all  classes,  being  engaged 
in  the  army,  that  species  of  assistance  was  unattainable,  in 
the  degree  requisite,  lameness,  as  you  now  ol)serve  it,  was  the 
consequence.  Would  to  God !  my  extreme  sufferings,  had 
then  ended  a  life,  which  since,  has  been  a  tissue  of  labor,  pain, 
and  misery. 


J 


:  I 


3  to 


f*, 


ghl 
gbt 

the 
my 
am- 
ex- 
inp- 
lant 


) 


-l  UUBUW^BWW^ 


'  i! 


ilim 

ji'' 

II 

I'. 

t    '1 

i     '. 

"1 

1'    i'* 

i   '1 

,!     -'  ''. 

f   !..■■  . 

vmM 

y  I'H 

11 
1^ 

if 

Ir 

(192) 


DIAEY 


OF 


Lieut.  James  McMichael, 


OF  THB 


PENNSYLVANIA  LINE, 
1776-1778. 


I' 


18— Vol.  XV 


(19B) 


[The  original  diary  of  Lieut.  James  McMichael,  of  the  Penn'a 
Line  of  the  Revolution,  for  which  we  are  indebted  to  the  His- 
torical Society  of  Pennsylvania,  is  m  the  possession  of  Col. 
William  P.  McMichael,  of  Philadelphia.  The  military  record 
of  Lieut.  McMichael  is  given  in  the  History  of  the  Penn'a 
Line.     The  diary  as  furnished  is  an  entertainirg  one.  ] 


m 


(194) 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


195 


DIARY  OF  LIET3TENANT  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


May  27,  1776.— After  Capt.  Marshall's  company  formed  at  the 
Cross  Koads,  Drumore  township,  Lancaster  County,  we  all 
marched  at  3  o  clock  p.  M. ,  and  arrived  at  Colonel  Thompson's 
at  6,  where  we  remained  that  night.  Being  necessitated  to 
Lodge  without  a  Bed,  1  passed  the  night  without  sleep,— it  be- 
ing the  first  night  I  ever  was  denied  a  bed. 

May  28.— Marched  from  Col.  Thompson's  at  7  A.  M.,  pro- 
ceeding thro'  Fagg's  Manor  and  arrived  at  Welch's  Tavern. 
Here  I  spent  the  night  with  my  worthy  friend  Lieut.  John 
Clark. 

May  29.— Having  orders  to  proceed  to  Chester  we  marched 
at  daybreak,  and  at  2  v.  M. ,  reached  our  destination  ;  but  orders 
being  countermanded  we  returned  to  Pro^pect  Hill,  near  Mar- 
cus Hook,  where  we  encamped  in  tents,  which  was  to  me  very 
disagreeable. 

May  30. —Having  now  joined  Col.  Miles's  Regiment  we  were 
this  morning  ordered  on  parade,  when  we  went  thro'  our  man- 
ojuvres  and  evolutions  with  great  applause. 

June  3. —This  being  the  Sabbath  Day  I  was  much  surprised 
when  I  was  awaivened  by  the  noise  of  Drums  and  lifes  Beating 
the  Reveille.    This  day  the  soldiers  appeared  much  intoxicated. 

June  13. —  Express  at  Camp  informing  us  of  a  number  of 
Tories  having  mustered  at  Lewestown.  We  are  preparing  to 
march  thither  to-morrow  in  order  to  disperse  them,  which  we 
mean  to  do  at  the  hazanl  of  our  lives. 

June  14. —Left  camp  at  Prospect  Hill  for  Wilmington,  where 
we  received  orders  to  return  that  evening  to  our  former  en- 
campment. 

June  15. — Vessels  l)eing  ready  to  transport  the  Troops  to 
Port  Penn,  we  oml)arked  at  noon,  antl  stood  down  the  River. 

June  10. — At  daylight  we  arrived  at  Port  Penn,  where  we 
remained  until  2  v.  M.,  when  we  proceeded  a  few  miles  into 
the  country  and  encamped. 

J  iine  17.  — At  Reveille  marched  for  Dover,  Kent  county,where 
we  arrived  at  dark,  after  a  fatiguing  march. 

June  18.  —Left  Dover  at  9  a.  M.  ,  for  Lewestown. 

June  20. —Arrived  at  Lewes  at  11  A.  M. 

June  27.  —The  Roebrtck,  man-of-war,  and  the  Liverpool,  with 
three  tenders,  came  into  the  B/iy,  but  the  detestible  Tories 
hearing  of  the  ritlemen  having  arrived  evacuated  the  town. 


*.• 


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I  ■ 


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I. 


196 


DIARY  OP  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


June  28. —Several  scouting  parties  sent  out,  who  having  cap- 
tured the  officers  of  the  Tories,  swore  them  to  be  true  to  Con- 
gress, and  then  dismissed  them. 

June  39. — At  4  p.  M. ,  we  embarked  for  Marcus  Hook,  and 
having  a  favorable  wind,  we  reached  our  desired  haven  July 
1,  at  10  A.  M. 

July  4.— Marched  from  Marcus  Hook  at  Reveille,  proceeded 
through  Chester,  Derby  and  over  Schuylkill  and  arrived  at 
Philadelphia  at  3  P.  M. 

JulyO.  — At  3  o'clock  P.  M.  marched  from  our  quarters  to 
Stamper's  Wharf  [between  Dock  and  Spruce  Streets]  where 
we  embarked  for  Bordentown. 

July  7.  —Arrived  at  Bordentown  at  sunrise,  and  were  ordered 
to  proceed  to  A  mboy.  At  8  P.  M.  we  marched.  When  near 
to  Allentown,  Capt  Parmer's  gun  went  off  accidentally  and 
shot  a  soldier  of  his  own  company.  Reached  Allentown  at 
6  p.  M.  and  encamped. 

Julys. —At  6  A.  M.  resumed  our  march— passed  thro'  Cran- 
berry at  noon,  and  reached  Brunswick  at  dusk., 

July  11. —Left  Brunswick  and  reached  Perth  Amboy  nt  noon, 
where  we  discovered  the  enemy  on  Staten  Island.  The  in- 
habitants seem  to  be  friends  to  our  present  struggle. 

July  17.— At  Reveille  were  informed  that  the  enemy  had 
landed  at  Elizabethtown;  which  caused  us  to  be  marched  there. 
On  arrival  at  2  o'clock,  we  found  the  alarm  was  a  false  one. 
We  determined  to  cross  to  Staten  Island  that  night  to  visit 
the  troops  of  Gen.  Howe,  but  a  hurricane  arose  which  prevented 
our  embarkation.  We  afterward  ascertained  that  we  would 
have  been  out  off,  had  we  landed. 

July  18. —This  morning  received  orders  to  resume  our  former 
station  at  Amboy,  and  at  10  o'clock  left  Elizabethtown.  This 
night  we  joined  Gen.  Mercer's  brigade,  no  longer  to  take  orders 
from  an  officer,  under  a  Brigadier  General,  for  we  now  act  as 
Continental  troops,  tho'  raised  for  the  defense  of  Pennsylvania. 

July  23. —This  day  1000  of  the  Pennsylvania  militia  came  to 
Perth  Amboy,  A  rifleman  was  shot  by  the  enemy  going  in 
a  boat  to  Staten  Island. 

July  24. —At  the  beating  of  Tattoo  a  boat  was  hailed  by  our 
sentries,  going  down  Raritan  river.  This  alarmed  us  all  and 
occasioned  us  to  stand  by  our  arms  and  go  to  our  alarm  posts. 
On  being  brought  to  shore  we  found  the  crew  had  deserted  her, 
and  only  a  few  swivel  balls  on  l)oard. 

July  25.— At  4  p.  M.  three  schooners  came  down  the  Sound 
and  were  hailed  by  our  sentries.  Returning  no  answer,  a 
heavy  cannonade  ensued  on  both  sides— from  our  battery 
near  the    Perry,  and 'from  the  enemy  at  Billop's  Point  on 


1 


DIARY  OP  LIEUT.  JAMliS  McMICHAEL. 


197 


Staten  Island.     During  the  action  we  had  one  man  killed  and 
one  wounded— the  schooners  got  off  much  damaged. 

August  3. —I  this  morning  was  ordered  to  command  120  men, 
to  take  all  the  small  craft  from  Amboy  to  Ued  Root  Greek  near 
Beamentown. 

August  9. —His  Excellency  Gen.  Washington  sent  a  letter  to 
Col.  Miles  re(iuesting  the  riflemen  to  come  to  headquarters, 
New  York,  which  we  all  agreed  to  nemine  contra  decente,  to 
march  next  day. 

August  10. — Being  relieved  from  command,  I  return  with 
my  guard  to  Point  Pleasant,  near  Amboy,  and  at  10  A.  M. , 
the  Regiment  marched  to  Elizabethtowu  and  encamped  on 
the  Plains. 

August  11. --The  General  was  beat  at  sun-up,  the  troops  were 
paraded,  and  proceeded  through  Newark,  over  the  ferries  of 
Passaic,  Hackensack  and  Fowl's  Hook,  and  reached  the  city 
of  New  York  at  4  p.  M.  After  forming  the  regiment  in  the 
city,  we  marched  a  mile  out  of  Town  to  a  place  called  Pleasant 
Hill  and  there  encamped.  This  night  we  joined  Lord  Stir- 
lings  brigade,  which  is  entirely  composed  of  Pennsylvanians, 
Virginians  and  Marylanders.  We  are  now  in  view  of  a  formid- 
able English  Fleet  at  the  end  of  Staten  Island,  said  to  consist 
of  100  sail  of  the  line  and  transports. 

August  13. — This  day  the  enemy  received  a  large  re-enforce- 
ment, which  presages  a  sudden  attack.  We  wait  impatiently 
for  them,  as  we  only  act  in  our  own  tlefense. 

August  14. —A  deserter  from  the  enemy  says,  that  there  are 
about  2."), 000  on  Staten  Island  just  about  to  embark  to  attack 
us  in  New  York. 

August  17. —The  movements  of  the  enemy  give  undoubted 
indications  of  a  sudden  attack,  which  has  caused  Cien.  Wash- 
ington to  issue  a  proclamation  for  all  women,  children  and  in- 
firm people  to  leave  the  city  until  after  the  engagement. 

August  18. — Two  men-of-war,  with  their  tenders  came  down 
Hudson's  river — they  wore  lired  on  by  all  the  batteries  near 
the  shore. 

August  19. — The  enemy  having  struck  their  tents,  we  were 
closely  inspected  with  regard  to  our  arms  and  amnuinition. 
The  brigade  ])araded,  and  on  being  <lismissed,  we  were  ordered 
to  rest  on  our  arnis  all  night.  We  have  intelligence  from  a 
deserter  that  the  enemy  will  attack  us  in  a  few  days  ;  also  that 
the  Ph(Bnix  was  consideral)ly  damatred  by  our  fire  on  18th. 
,  August  21.  — A  severe  storm  of  thunder  and  lightning  to-day. 
In  the  camp  adjoining  ours,  one  captain,  one  lieutenant  and 
one  ensign  were  killed  by  the  lightning. 


August 


-The  enemy  having  landed  on   Long  Island,  our 


198 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHABL. 


'*  *i. 


brigtulo  was  paraded  and  ordered  thither.  After  leaving  our 
camp,  the  onier  was  niodilied— one-half  to  proceed  to  Long 
Island,  the  remainder  to  be  in  readiness  to  follow  at  a  moment's 
notice.  Tlie  Firist  Battalion  together  with  our  musketry,  and 
the  Delaware  Blues,  went  lo  the  island  and  we  were  ordered 
to  our  tents. 

August  24. — At  10  A.  M. ,  we  all  marched  from  our  encamp- 
ment and  crossed  St.  George's  ferry  to  Long  Island.  Just  after 
we  had  joined  the  brigaile,  we  had  a  heavy  cannonade,  with 
some  small  arms.  This  night  we  camped  in  the  woods,  without 
tents,  ill  a  haril  rain.     Sentries  firing  all  night. 

August  3"). — This  morning  we  were  alarmed  that  the  enemy 
were  about  to  attack  us  in  force ;  we  got  ready  and  marched 
to  meet  them.     Not  iinding  theiii  we  returned  to  our  camp. 

August  26. — A  scouting  party  of  120  men,  properly  officered, 
were  ordered  out,  but  returned  without  making  any  discovery. 

August  27. — At  sunrise  we  were  ordered  to  march  easterly 
from  near  Flatbush  a  few  miles,  when  we  discovered  the  enemy 
coming  against  us  with  5000  foot  and  OOO  horse.  We  numbered 
just  400.  Wo  at  first  thought  it  prudent  to  retfre  to  a  neigh- 
boring thicket,  where  we  formed  and  gave  battle.  Here  my 
right  hand  man  fell,  shot  thro'  the  head.  We  were  attacked 
by  the  enemy's  left  wing,  while  their  right  endeavoured  to 
surround  us.  Their  superior  numbers  forced  us  to  retire  for  a 
short  distance,  Avhen  we  again  formed  and  fought  with  forti- 
tude until  we  were  nearly  surrounded.  Having  by  this  time 
lost  a  great  number  of  men,  we  were  again  forced  to  retreat, 
when  we  found  that  the  enemy  had  got  between  us  and  the 
fort.  Then  despairing  of  making  good  our  retreat  we  resolved 
to  die  rather  than  be  taken  prisoners,  and  thus  we  were  drove 
from  place  to  place  'till  3  o'clock  P.  M.,  when  we  agreed  to 
att(Mnpt  crossing  the  mill-pond,  that  being  the  only  way  left 
for  our  escape.  Here  numbers  were  drowned,  but  it  was  the 
will  of  Providence  that  I  should  escape,  and  at  half  i)ast  three, 
we  reached  the  lines,  >)eing  much  fatigued.  The  enemy  ad- 
vanced rapidly  and  endeavoured  to  force  our  lines,  but  were 
rejiulsed  with  considerable  loss.  They  afterwards  marched 
towards  the  Narrows,  where  they  found  our  First  Battalion 
and  the  Delaware  Blues  under  command  of  Col.  Ha/let.  These 
battalions  were  chiefly  cut  ofl,  wo  were  ordered  lo  cover  their 
retreat,  whicli  exjmsed  us  in  open  field  to  a  heavy  fire  from  the 
enemy  'till  evening— the  remainder  of  our  troops  brought  us 
23  prisoners.  At  dark  we  were  relieved  and  ordered  to  St. 
George's  ferry  to  take  refreshments.  Thus  happened  the 
memorable  action  on  Long  Island,  where  the  enemy  attacked 
and  defeated  Jiord  Stirling's  brigade,  consisting  of  the  follow- 


DIARY  OP  LIEUT.  JAMES  McSIICHAEL. 


199 


ing  regiments:  Colonels  Milen,  Atlee,  Small  wood  and  Hazlet. 
Major  General  Sullivan,  Brig.  Gen.  Lord  Stirling  were  taken 
prisoners,  also  Col.  Miles  and  Atlee ;  Lieut.  Col.  Piper — all  of 
our  regiment  also,  19  commissioned  officers,  23  sergeants,  and 
310  rank  and  flle.  My  preservation  I  only  attribute  to  the  in- 
dulgent Providence  of  (iod,  for  tho'  the  bullets  went  around 
me  in  every  dircetion,  yet  I  received  not  a  wound. 

August  28. — We  marched  to  the  lines  at  dawn  of  the  morn- 
ing and  there  lay  under  arms  'till  2  o'clock  P.  M. ,  when  we 
■were  alarmed  that  the  enemy  hud  come  out  to  attack  us.  Going 
to  the  summit  of  the  lull,  we  found  the  alarm  false,  and  so  re- 
turned to  the  ferry.  We  have  had  an  incessant  cannonade 
these  four  days  past.  We  have  the  pleasing  intelligence  by 
some  of  our  men  who  were  captured  and  escaped, that  the  loss  of 
the  enemy  is  greater  than  ours. 

August  29. —Gen.  Washington  thinking  it  proper  to  evacuate 
the  island,  we  were  all  ordei'ed  to  march  at  9  o'clock  P.  M.  We 
crossed  at  St.  George's  ferry  to  New  York  with  great  speed 
and  secrecy. 

August  30. —A  flag  of  truce  from  the  enemy,  gives  an  account 
of  numbers  of  our  officers  being  prisoners,  who  request  an  ex- 
change. At  1  p.  M. ,  we  marched  from  Pleasant  Hill,  pro- 
ceeded past  King's  Bridge  and  arrived  at  Mount  MifTlin  at 
dark. 

Sepember  1,— Having  now  joined  Gen.  Mifflin's  Brigade, 
we  were  all  paraded  by  his  orders,  when  he  entertained  us 
with  a  political  discourse,  wherein  he  shewed  the  propriety  of 
evacuating  Long  Island,  together  >yith  the  evil  consequences 
which  would  have  attended  the  maintaining  of  it. 

September  4. —Tho  enemy  have  now  landed  at  Morrisania, 
which  gives  suspicions  of  an  attack  here. 

SeptemV)er  10. — An  attack  this  morning  began  with  our 
troops  near  Hell-gate,  which  continued  for  several  hours, 
wherein  our  troops  drove  the  enemy,  killed  and  wounded  500 
of  them.     Our  loss  did  not  amount  to  100. 

September  17. —This  morning  the  enemy  at  Morrisania  at- 
tempted to  cross  the  bank  which  seimrates  them  from  our 
troops,  l)ut  were  repulsed  by  our  scouting  party. 

September  19. —The  Fifth  Battalion  marched  from  Mount 
Mifflin  to  man  the  lines  at  Fort  Washington,  while  a  number 
of  our  troops  crossed  Hudson's  Kiver,  expecting  an  attack 
on  the  Jersey  shore. 

September  22. —Our  regiment  marched  from  Mount  Mifflin 
at  10  A.  M.,  and  arrived  at  Mount  Washington  at  noon. 

September  23.  —At  1 1  o'clock  the  whole  army  at  Mount  Wash- 
ington met  on  the   grand  parade  in  order  to  see  a  man  shot, 


200 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


who  had  left  hiH  post  in  the  battle  of  16th  iiist.  — buthe  was  re- 
prieved by  his  Excellency  Gen.  Washington. 

September  29.— We  received  intelligence  at  midnight,  that 
the  enemy  were  advancing.  We  all  paraded  immediately  and 
man'd  the  lines.  The  alarm  proved  false  and  at  daybreak  we 
returned  to  our  encampment. 

October  9.  —  AtSo'clok  three  men-of-war  and  three  Tenders 
came  up  Hudson's  River,  which  brought  on  a  heavy  cannonade 
from  all  our  forts  and  batteries  near  the  shore.  They,  how- 
ever, passed  by.  We  were  all  paraded  and  man'd  the  lines, 
hut  had  no  engagement.  We  are  now  situate  on  the  banks  of 
Hudson's  River,  ten  miles  from  New  York,  two  miles  from 
Fort  Washington,  with  our  lines  advantageous  and  well  forti- 
fied, both  by  nature  and  art. 

October  10. —A  party  of  120  men  with  wagons,  were  detached 
from  our  brigade  to  take  forage  from  the  enemies  lines,  with 
the  intent  to  bring  on  an  attack,  but  they  would  not  come 
out. 

October  11. — A  barge  of  Gen.  Washington's  coming  down 
Hudson's  River,  was  unfortunately  taken  for  one  of  the  enemy, 
by  our  Engineer  at  Fort  Washington,  who  fired  an  18-pounder 
and  killed  three  men  on  board. 

October  14.— Gen.  Lee  arrived  at  headquarters  at  noon, 
but  heaving  of  an  attack  at  West  Chester,  Gen.  Washington 
and  he  went  to  see  the  result.  There  are  a  number  of  fine 
troops  in  Gen.  Lee's  escort.  Part  of  the  fleet  have  come  to  the 
moutli  of  Harlem  river. 

October  18. —We  are  now  informed  of  an  attack  at  Frog's 
Neck  yesterday,  where  our  troops  drove  the  enemy  with  con- 
siderable loss.  We  being  apprehensive  of  an  attack  received 
orders  to  strike  tents  and  transmit  the  baggage  to  Fort  Wash- 
ington, lest  it  should  fall   into  the  hands  of  the  enemy. 

October  20.  -  We  marched  from  Fort  Washington  at  10  A.  M. , 
proceeded  over  King's  Bridge  and  encamped  on  Philips'  Manor. 

October  21.— At  sun-up  we  marched  for  White  Plains,  where 
we  arrived  at  2  P.  M.  At  4  o'clock  a  party  of  100  men,  properly 
officered,  from  our  rillemen  left  to  scour  the  woods  near  the 
enemies  lines.  We  have  intelligence  that  they  mean  to  attack 
us  in  a  few  days— they  art  said  to  number  30,000. 

October  25J.  —Our  scouting  party  returned  early  this  morning 
witli  JW  prisoners— 1  regular, the  remainder  Tories.  The  enemy 
had  fourteen  killftd  in  the  attack,  but  unfortunately  taking  the 
Delaware  Blues  for  the  enemy,  we  fired  on  each  other,  in  which 
six  of  our  riflemen  and  nine  of  the  Blues  were  killed. 

October  2").  —One  captain, two  suV)alterns,  three  sergeants  with 
one  hundred  men,  were  ordered  on  a  scouting  esptdition.     We 


DIARY  OF  LIKUT.   JAMKS  MoMICIIAKL. 


201 


lef<  Wliito    Plains  at  11  i*.  M.  direct    for  thr  cneinirH  a<lvance 
HtMi  tries. 

October  37. —Our  Hoouting-party  hrou^lit  in  I;)  Wuldeck  and 
o  renfiilars  as  prisoners. 

1  October  28.  —  We  have  r«'eeive(l  an  express  tliat  the;  enemy 
are  rapidly  advanciu}^,  in  ron''e([uence  of  wliieh  all  our  troops 
were  ordered  under  arms.  My  refjiment  was  sent  to  the  front 
to  brin^  on  the  action,  but  not  to  endaiif^er  ourselves  enough 
to  b(i  taken  prisoners.  We  liad  not  marched  two  miles  before 
we  saw  them  comiufj.  We  were  attacked  by  their  rif^ht  win{j 
(all  Hessians)  and  after  keepiufj  up  an  incessant,  lire  for  an  hour, 
we  were  informed  ))y  our  Hanking  pariy,  that  their  iighthor.se 
was  Burroumling  us,  when  we  retreated  to  the  lines.  Their 
'eft  wintj  attacked  a  party  of  ours  at  an  advanced  post  on  a  hill. 
Our  troops  l)ehaved  with  gveat  fortittide,  but  l)eing  over- 
powered by  number.s,  were  o))lige(l  to  fall  V)ack  to  the  lines. 
The  enenij  a,ttemi)ted  to  f(»rce  tmr  right  wing  in  the  lines,  but 
were  driveiV  ba  '/,  and  Ihuilly  retreated.  The  attack  lasted 
from  11  A.  M.  io  Z  v.  u.  ;  our  loss  did  not  exceed  fifty.  At  10 
o'clock  at  night  we  "inarched  from  White  Plains  about  four 
miles  and  encampedon  a  hill  near  Ihulson's  River,  suitable 
to  entrench  U[>on.  Being  without  our  baggage  and  cooking 
utensils,  (they  had  been  sent  to  North  Castle)  we  were  very 
uncomfortable. 

November  1. — Today  we  had  a  heavy  cannonade  near  the 
Liberty  Pole— our  loss  was  not  much.  We  encu,mp  in  the  woods, 
have  no  tents,  frost  and  cold  severe. 

November  0. — The  enemy  have  evacuated  their  lines  and 
burned  part  of  White  Plains,  going  off  towards  King's  Bridge, 
which  has  been  the  cause  of  us  now  receiving  marching  orders 
for  New  Jersey. 

November  7. —Left  our  encampment  at  noon  and  proceeded 
to  North  Castle,  where  we  encamped. 

November  8. —At  6  A.  M.  left  North  Castle,  and  proceeded 
thro' Philip's.  Van  Cortland's  and  Livingston's  Manors,  and 
reached  Peekskill  at  dusk  and  encamped. 

November  9. — We  embarked  on  boats  at  10  A.  M.  and  sailed 
five  miles  down  Hudson's  River  to  liainb's  l^anding,  where  we 
went  on  shore  and  marched  live  miles  to  camp. 

November  10. — Left  our  encam|)ment  at  10  a.  M.  proceeded 
thro'  Haverstraw  and  to  Clarkstown  and  encamped  on  the 
plains. 

November  11. —At  Reveille  left  camp  for  Tappan  and  en- 
camped in  the  woods. 

November  12  —This  morning  continued  our  march  from  Tap- 
pan,  through  Scranburg,  New  Bridge  and  reached  Hackensack 
at  5  P.  M. 


f 


202 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


November  14. —From  Hackensack  crossed  the  Bridge  over 
the  Passaic,  thence  to  a  pretty  town  called  Sackin  river,  three 
miles  from  Newark,  near  which  we  encamped. 

November  1;"). — At  day  break  we  left  Newark  and  proceeded 
to  Elizabethtown,  where  we  got  to  quarters  at  3  P.  M. 

November  16. — We  marclu'd  from  Elizabethtown  at  noon, 
thro'  Woodbridge  to  near  Beamantown  where  we  encamped. 
At  the  former  place  we  heard  the  cannonading  of  Fort  Wash- 
ia^'ton,  wliich  Ave  subsequently  learned  was  captured. 

November  17. — Marched  from  Beamantown  to  Brunswick, 
where  we  arrived  at  3  P.  M.  Hero  our  soldiers  drank  freely  of 
spirituous  liquors.  They  have  chiefly  got  a  disorder,  which  at 
camp  is  called  tlie  Barrel  Fever,  which  differs  in  its  effects 
from  any  other  fever— its  concomitants  are  black  eyes  and 
bloody  noses. 

November  21. — Receiving  news  that  our  troops  have  evac- 
uated Fort  Lee,  and  that  the  enemy  have  landed  10,000  men  at 
Dobb's  Ferry  and  are  advancing  towards  Hackensack,  occa- 
sioned nuirching  orders  to  be  issued. 

November  23. — All  of  Lord  Stirling's  brigade  (except  the 
riflemen),  have  marched  to  meet  the  enemy  at  NeAvark. 

November  27.  —Intelligence  thai  the  enemy  are  marching  for 
Brunswick  causing  lis  to  prepare  to  meet  them,  but  we  are 
reduced  to  so  small  a  number  we  have  little  hopes  of  victory. 

December  1. —  The  enemy  appeared  in  view  at  1  P,  M.  We 
were  all  under  arms  on  the  parade.  After  a  heavy  cannonade 
of  an  hour,  in  which  wo  had  two  killed,  we  received  orders  to 
evacuate  the  town,  and  proceeded  towards  Princeton  and  en- 
cam))ed  near  Kingston.  ''    • 

December  3.— Just  at  dawn  the  General  was  boat,  when  we 
got  ready,  marched  through  Kingston  and  at  8  A.  M.  reached 
I'rineeton,  where  we  got  quarters.  It  is  chiefly  inhabited  by 
Tories. 

Decemljer  7.  —At  3  P.  M.  we  paraded,  the  enemy  being  in  sight, 
when  orders  came  to  evacuate  the  town  and  proceed  to  Tren- 
ton, where  wo  wore  quartered  at  10  l».  M. 

Docombor  8. —Wo  paraded  in  Trenton  at  4  A.  M. ,  and  at  daAvn 
crossed  the  Forry  into  Pennsylvania.  At  4  p.  m.  the  Hessians 
(i,l>l)(^are(l  in  view,  but  were  soon  dispersed  by  several  messen- 
gers sent  from  an  18-pounder  of  ours  from  the  shore.  Here  we 
reuuiiued  in  the  woods,  having  neither  blankets  nor  tents. 

Docombor  S). —At  3  P.  M.  wo  marched  from  near  Trenton 
ferry  to  Thompson's  Mill  near  Coryell's  ferry,  where  we  en- 
camped in  the  woods.     Weather  very  cold. 

Dc'cembor  25. — Wo  have  now  received  the  glad  news  that 
inarching  orilers  luive  boon  issued.     At  sundown  we  mnrc  e  I 


l^T 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL.  203 

down  the  Delaware  to  McKonkey's  Ferry  [Taylorsviile]  and 
crossed  at  9  P.  M.  for  Trenton.  The  weather  uncommonly  in- 
clement. 

December  2G.— We  arrived  at  Trenton  at  7  a.  m. ,  when  we 
began  the  attack,  Avhicli  continued  'till  9  A.  M.  We  drove 
them  furiously,  killed  and  wounded  upwards  of  100,  and  took 
prisoners  lOl-l.  Our  loss  was  but  trilling.  We  returned  the 
same  day  to  McKonkey's  ferry,  transported  our  prisoners  to 
Newtown  [Bucks  County,  Penna.  Jand  after  suffering  much 
fatigue  we  reached  our  camp,  and  having  obtained  comforta- 
ble lodgings  I  found  Morpheus  had  got  possession  of  me. 

December  29. —Having  again  received  marching  orders,  we 
got  ready  at  dark,  and  at  10  P.  M.  crossed  at  Yardley's  Ferry, 
where  we  lodged.  Weather  very  cold,  snow  0  inches  deep,  no 
tents,  and  no  houses  to  lodge  in. 

December  30. — Left  Yardley's  dt  8  A.  M.  and  reached  Trenton 
at  10  A.  M. ,  where  we  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  seven  pris- 
oners brought  in  by  our  light  horse,  from  whom  we  learned 
that  the  enemy  are  at  Princeton  7000  strong,  and  intend  to 
attack  us  at  Trenton  in  a  few  days. 

January  2,  1777.  — At  10  A.  M.  we  received  news  that  the  enemy 
were  advancing,  when  the  drums  beat  to  arms  and  we  were 
all  paraded  on  the  south  side  of  the  bridge  [over  Assunpink 
Creek].  Gren.  Sullivan  with  1000  men  were  detached  to  bring 
on  the  attack,  which  they  did  and  reached  town  at  5  P.  M. , 
but  our  artillery  fire  was  so  severe,  that  the  enemy  retreated 
out  of  town  and  encamped  on  an  adjacent  hill.  Wo  continued 
firing  bombs  up  to  seven  o'clock  P.  M. ,  when  we  were  ordered 
to  rest,  which  wo  very  coininodiously  did  upon  a  number  of  rails 
for  a  bed.  Thus  my  friend  Capt.  Marshall  and  I  i)assed  the 
night  until  two  after  twelve  o'clock. 

January  3. — At  1  A.  M.  we  all  paraded  and  marcheil  for  T'rince- 
ton.  We  reached  Stony  lirook  at  9  A.  M. ,  where  wo  sighted 
the  enemy.  Gen.  INferoer  with  100  Pennsylvania  riflemen  and 
20  Virginians,  were  detached  to  the  front  to  l)ring  on  the  at- 
tack. The  enemy  then  consisting  of  500  paraded  in  an  open 
field  iu  battle  array.  We  boldly  marched  tx)  within  2.")  yards 
of  them,  and  thou  comiiKUJcod  the  a,ttack,  which  was  very  hot. 
We  kept  up  an  incessant  fire  until  it  came  to  pushing  bayonets 
when  we  were  ordered  to  retreat.  Here  Gen.  Mercer  was 
mortally  wounded,  Col.  Ha/let  and  Major  Fleming  bot  h  killed, 
with  19  rank  and  fil<%  and  tiO  wounded.  Having  retreated  a 
short  distance,  wo  were  reinforced,  when  wo  imiiuuliately 
rallied,  and  M'ith  the  utmost  pr«;cipitation  i>ut  our  foes  to  re- 
treat. We  killed  00  on  the  fiehl,  woiiiuhul  7."),  and  took  215  jjris- 
oners.  We  evacuated  Princeton  and  marched  for  Somerset 
Court  House,  wh.ere  wo  arrived  at  8  P.  M. 


I 


1 


I  n 


iir 

'1:1  m 


204 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  MoMICHAEL. 


January  4.  —  We  marclied  from  the  Court  House  for  Pluck- 
auiiii  wliich  wo  reached  at  3  l».  M. ,  where  we  encamped  on  the 
north  side  of  a  hill  very  well  supplied  with  large  stones,  which 
served  us  instead  of  pillows,  where  we  passed  two  niglits. 

January  (J. —At  9  A.  m.  we  marched  from  I^hickamin  for  Mor- 
ristown  via  Veal  town,  where  we  arrived  at  5  P.  M.  and  en- 
camped in  the  woods,  the  snow  covering  the  ground. 

January  7. —This  morning  I  secured  good  quarters,  w'here  I 
lived  happily  while  we  remained  at  Morristown,  with  very 
agreeable  people. 

January  8.  —Morristown  is  devoid  of  V)eauty,  both  in  its  form 
and  location  ;  the  inhabitants  very  hospitable,  all  professors  of 
the  Presbyterian  religion,  which  renders  them  to  me  very 
agreeable. 

January  13.  -We  nuirched  from  Morristown  at  3  r.  M. ,  and 
arrived  at  Chatham  at  dark,  in  the  stiburbs  of  which  we  got 
very  agreeable  quarters.  The  young  ladies  here  are  very  fond 
of  the  soldiers,  but  much  more  so  of  officers. 

January  23. —  At  4  P.  M.  marched  from  f'hatham  for  Spring- 
field, where  at  0  l'.  M.  Ave  got  quarters. 

January  24. —We  uuirched  from  Springfield  at  2  A.  M.,  pro- 
ceeded thro'  Westfield,  Scott's  Plains, and  near  to  Quibbletown 
[New  Market],  wlrere  we  were  attacked    by  the  enemy  about 

000  strong,  with  three  lield  pieces.  We  numbered  S.IO,  com- 
manded by  Col.  Buckner,  but  at  the  commencement  of  the 
attack  the  Colonel  rode  olT  with  precipitatiim,  which  was  to 
us  a  great  disa<lvantM^-e.  However,  the  grouiul  was  advan- 
tageous, and  we  killed  and  woiuided  seventy  of  the  enemy,  with 
a  loss  of  oidy  four  men  slightly  wounded.  We  then  retreated 
and  reached  our  quarters. 

January  31. — Yesterday  we  marched  to  Elizabethtown,  and 
to-day,  after  passing  through  (,'onnecticut  Farms  and  Spring- 
Held  reached  Chatham,  where  I  secured  my  former  lodgings. 

February  10. —Having  obtained  a  furlough  1  left  Chatham  at 
7  A.  M. 

[Between  February  10  and  April  11  llu^  diarist  pa,sse(l  wilh 
Ids  family  and  friends  in  Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey,  during 
which  time,  also,  he  v.iis  married.] 

April  11. — Having  now  llnished  my  business  in  Philadelphia, 

1  embarked  at  (!hestnut  street  wharf  ait,  8  A.  M.,and  being 
favored  with  wind  and  tide,  1  landed  at  Hillingsi)ort  at  10  A. 
M. ,  where  I  again  rejohied  my  worthy  friends  fit  thnt  place. 

April  10.  In  consequence  of  general  orders  issued  by  (fen. 
Schuyler,  wo  were  ordered  to  evacuate  Hillingsport  and  go  to 
liiberty  Island,  whic!i  i>oint  we  reached  at  sundown. 

April  17. —This  morning  we  were  ordered  to  Red  liauk  ;  em- 
barked and  reached  there  at  no»»n. 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


205 


April  22. —A  detaohmentof  1  Major,  2  Captains,  7  subalterns, 
(one  of  which  I  was),  and  110  rank  and  lile  were  ordered  to 
Liberty  Island. 

April  30. —Having  now  received  our  new  commissions,  we 
proceeded  to  the  arrangement  of  the  officers.  I  was  nominated 
a  subaltern  to  Capt.  Clark.  This  was  transacted  at  Red  Bank, 
after  which  we  returned  to  Liberty  Island,  in  order  to  arrange 
the  men  next  day. 

May  1.  — Early  this  morning  returned  to  Red  Bank,  where 
our  regiment  was  j^roperly  arranged,  after  which,  with  three 
companies  (one  of  which  was  ours),  returned  to  Liberty  Island, 
where  we  were  entertained  by  a  harmonious  band  of  music, 
and  passed  the  day  in  jolity. 

May  15.— At  noon  the  alarm  guns  down  the  river  were  flred 
and  flags  all  hoisted.  Wo  were  paraded  and  awaitetl  the  at- 
tack, which  proved  a  false  alarm. 

May  10. —Having  been  in  a  fluctuating  manner  with  regard 
to  the  disagreeaV)Ie  appointment  of  Col.  John  Bull,  we  had  a 
few  officers  detached  to  the  Board  of  War,  in  order  that  the 
command  inight  devolve  on  Lieut.  Col.  Lewis  Farmer.  Upon 
the  return  of  the  officers,  they  gave  us  the  impression  that 
the  Board  was  determined  to  make  no  change,  which  caused 
a  rupture  among  the  officers. 

June  13. —Embarked  [Philadelphia]  for  Fort  Mercer. 

June  14. —We  were  alarmed  by  a  heavy  cannonade  in  the 
night,  and  to-day  learn  that  the  enemy  are  advancing  on  this 
place.     We  received  orders  to  march  next  day. 

June  15. —Marched  from  Fort  Mercer  at  2  V,  M. ,  crossed  Glou- 
cester ferry  at  4,  and  reached  Philadelphia  at  7  r.  M. ,  where 
we  received  marching  orders. 

.Tune  10.  —The  time  being  at  hand  when  we  were  to  receive 
a  positive  answer  to  our  late  memorial  against  Col.  Bull,  at 
noon  all  the  officers  of  the  regiment  met,  when  Capt.  Moore, 
Capt.  Robb,  liieut.  Finley  and  I  were  chosen  a  committee  to 
treat  with  the  Executive  (Jouncil.  We  got  but  little  satisfuc- 
tion,  in  consequence  of  which  we  returned  fully  determined  to 
resign,  rather  than  be  conunanded  by  Col.  Bull. 

June  17. -At  10  A.  M.  Av«i  appointed  f»)r  a  meeting  of  the  offi- 
cers in  Elbow  Lane,  Avhere  we  set  to  write  otit  our  resigiuitions. 
I  was  one  of  the  writers  and  wrote  my  own  resignation  with 
sixteen  more,  and  we  then  marduMl  to  the  State  House  to  de- 
liver them.  On  the  way  we  were  stopped  by  (Jol.  Farmer, 
who  gave  us  the  pleasing  n<!ws  that  Col.  Hull  was  not  to  com- 
nuind  US  and  that  Col.  [Walter]  Stewart  was  apjK)inted.  Col. 
Fanner  further  informed  us,  that  Col.  Stewart  recpiested  all 
the  officers  of  the  regiment  to  meet  him  at  4  i».  M. ,  at  the  City 


ill 


Ill 


206 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


Tavern.  Vfe  immediately  repaired  to  our  Quarters  where  we 
di'essed  ourselves  and  at  tVie  time  appointed  we  waited  on 
Colonel  Stewart,  to  our  great  satisfaction,  when  after  drink- 
ing some  gallons  of  Madeira,  we  returned  to  our  Lodgings  much 
satisfled. 

June  18. — We  paraded  at  4  p.  M.  and  after  pa.ssing  muster, 
we  received  marching  orders. 

June  20. — At  10  A.  M.  we  paraded  and  marched  to  the  State 
House,  thence  to  Gen.  Gates's  headquarters,  thence  to  Gen. 
Mifflin's,  and  then  returned  to  the  Karracks,  where  Col.  Walter 
Stewart  returned  us  his  thanks  in  a  very  polite  manner  for  our 
behavior  during  our  march  through  town. 

June  22. —At  G  A,  M.  we  left  the  city  for  Coryell's  Ferry,  and 
at  3  p.  M.  encamped  at  the  Crooked  Billet,  [Hatborough] 
where  owing  to  the  bad  weather  we  remained  two  days. 

June  24. — At  5  A.  ar.  avo  left  Crooked  Billet,  and  crossed  Cor- 
yell's Ferry  at  3  P.  M. ,  where  we  encamped  on  the  Jersey  shore. 

June  2"). —We  marched  from  the  ferry  i)ast  Ringo's  Tavern, 
thenco  to  Coxetown  and  Somerset  Court  House. 

Juno  20.  —Wo  reached  Bound  Brook,  where  we  awaited  an 
attack  of  the  enemy.  They  not  ai)pearing,  we  proceeded  to 
and  encamped  on  Mount  Prospect. 

Juno  27. —At  7  I'.  M.  we  received  marching  orders,  and  sent 
our  baggage  and  tents  to  headquarters. 

Juno  2S.  — We  marched  from  ]\Ionnt  Prospect  at  10  A.  M.  on 
a  scout.  Our  force  numbered  1200  men,  commanded  by  Gen. 
Sullivan.  We  proceeded  through  Quibbletown  near  Bonliam- 
town,  thence  through  Metuchen,  near  which  we  encamped  in 
an  open  field. 

June  29.  — At  4  A.  jr.  Ave  left  our  encatnpment,  returned 
through  Metuchen,  where  we  heard  the  enemy's  drums  beat  to 
arms,  and  wo  formed  in  lino  of  battle.  They  did  not  come  out 
to  moot  us,  when  wo  returned  to  Sampton,  where  finding  the 
enemy  had  returned  to  Amboy,  avo  received  orders  to  return 
to  camp,  and  at  8  i\  M.  reached  headquarters  at  Middlebrook, 
much  fatigued. 

July  3.  —Receiving  intelligoniio  that  the  enemy  had  evacuated 
Amboy  and  gone  lo  Staten  Island,  we  received  marching 
orders,  and  at  7  A.  M.  passed  thro'  Baskenridge  to  Morristown 
where  we  Avent  into  cam]>. 

.Fuly  9. —  I  have  now  sat  on  court  mnrtial  near  a  week. 

July  11.— At  Reveille  all  tents  were  strtiok,  after  Avhicli  we 
paraded  and  marched  to  headquarters,  where  I  was  ordered 
to  return  to  Pennsylvania  in  search  of  deserters.  At  0  A.  M.  I 
proceeded  thn*'  Baskenridge,  thence  to  Steel's  Tavern,  thence 
to  Sonjerset  Court  House  and  Rockyhill  n.n(l  at  9  v.  M.  reached 
Stony  Brook,  where  I  passed  some  days  with  my  wife. 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


207 


July  14.— I  left  Stony  Brook,  passed  through  Amwell,  thence 
to  Coryell's  "assed  Robinson's  Ferry  and  at  8  P.  M.  took  quar- 
ters at  Sherrad's  Ferry  in  Alexandria  township, 

July  15. — Departed  from  Sherrad's,  passed  Helltown,  Hugh's 
Furnace  and  thence  to  Philipsliurg,  where  I  crossed  the  Dela- 
ware to  East  on.  From  thence  I  passed  Bethlehem,  a  beautiful 
town  in  which  is  a  cloister,  to  Allentown'and  the  King  of  Prus- 
sia, where  being  indisposed  I  took  quarters. 

JulylG.  — At  daybreak  I  resumed  my  journey  passed  Fet- 
terolf's  Tavern,  Mayberry's  Furnace,  and  quartered  at  Col- 
brookdale  for  the  night.  I  met  only  one  person,  a  young  lady, 
who  could  speak  English ! 

July  17. — At  ()  A.  M.  I  proceeded  to  Pottsgrove,  a  pretty 
town  whose  jjeople  are  Tories.  I  put  them  to  silence,  but  be- 
ing informed  that  an  insurrection  might  take  place,  I  thought 
it  advisable  to  cross  the  Schuylkill.  Thence  I  continued  on  to 
Brownback's  Tavern,  and  at  noon  reached  the  powder  mills 
on  French  Creek,  where  delivering  my  orders  to  Ensign  Lin- 
coln, I  proceeded  and  passing  the  Valley  Forgo  came  to  the 
Spread  Eagle  on  the  Tiancaster  road,  whore  I  quartered.  Along 
the  road  from  Easton  to  Pott.sgrove,  I  was  looked  upon  us  a 
barbarian  by  the  inhabitants,  and  tlu^y  appeared  to  mti  like 
somanv  human  beings  .scarcely  endowed  with  tlRMiuahfications 
equal  to  that  of  the  brut(i  species.  Ilein-atedly  I  talked  Jvatin 
to  them,  when  I  found  that  it  was  worse  than  Engli.sh  for  them 
to  understand.  I  ther»»fore  concluded  that  they  were  devoid 
of  any  qualification  calculated  to  complete  happiness  unless 
when  blended  with  others  equally  ignorant  with  themselves. 

July  18.  -  -At  0  A.  M.  I  dei)arted  from  the  Spread  Eagle,  crossed 
the  Schuylkill  and  arrived  at  Col.  Farmer's  on  Second  Street, 
in  Philadelphia,  where  I  was  kindly  entertained  until  thel^lst. 

July  21. — At  7  A.  M.  I  proceeded  through  Frankford,  Bristol 
and  Trenton  to  Stony  Brook,  when^  1  remained  until  the  28lh. 

July  28.— I  left  Stony  Brook  at  I)  A,  .M.,i)asse(l  Rocky  Hill, 
Somerset  Court  House,  Steel's  Tavern  jind  BaskcMiridge  and 
reached  thc^  house  of  .Toua<hai\  Stile,  wlieic  leaving  my  hack- 
ney, I  returncul  two  miles  and  took  (inarters. 

July  21). —Continued  my  nuirch  through  Vealtown,  the  Cross 
Roads,  tluAVhite  hou.^t>,  and  Ringo's  Tavern,  to  the  house  «)f 
Mr.  Ijarge  in  .\mwell,  where  I  nighit>d. 

July  iiO.  -  I  r<'join(>d  the  regimtMit  at  Coryell's  ferry. 

July  31.  -We  passed  Bogarl 's  TnA-ern  and  camped  at  the 
Cross  Roads  in  Warwick  township  [Bucks  County,  Pennsyl* 
vania]  at  7  i".  M. 

Atigust  t.— At  3  a.  m.  the  (reneral  beat;  tents  were  struck 
and   at  6  A,  M.  we  nuirched,  i)roceeding  thro'  the  Crookoil  l^il- 


A 

i 


208 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


let  reached  Germantown  at  6  p.  M. ,  on  the  plains  of  which  we 
encamped.     Our  encampment  was  very  beautiful. 

August  3.  —The  largest  collection  of  young  ladies  almost 
ever  beheld  came  to  camp.  They  marched  in  three  columns. 
The  field  olTicers  paratled  the  rest  of  the  officers  and  detached 
scouting  parties  to  prevent  being  surroundeil  by  them.  For 
my  part  being  sent  on  scout,  I  at  last  sighted  the  ladies  and 
gave  them  to  know  that  they  must  repair  to  headquarters, 
upon  which  they  accompanied  me  as  prisoners.  But  on  parad- 
ing them  at  the  Colonel's  marquee,  they  were  dismissed  after 
we  treated  theni  with  a  double  bowl  of  Sangaree. 

August  8,  —  We  received  orders  to  hold  ourselves  in  readiness 
to  pass  a  grand  review  at  10  A.  M. ,  upon  which  we  all  got  into 
uniform,  with  our  hair  dressed  and  powdered.  At  noon  His 
Excellency  Gen.  Washington  with  a  number  of  General  officers 
passed  us;  We  received  them  with  a  General  salute,  both  offi- 
cers and  soldiers,  when  we  were  afterwards  ordered  to  our  en- 
campment. *  At  4  P.  M.  we  marched  from  the  plains  and  pro- 
ceeded thro'  Germantown  to  White  Mai*sh,wixere  we  encamped. 

August  9. —Early  we  marched  into  Upper  Dublin  township 
where  we  encamped.  I  am  consitlerably  indisposed  and  our 
camp  is  indifferent. 

August  10.  — At  dawn  the  Cr eneral  beat,  when  all  tents  were 
struck.  We  marched  N.  N.  E. ,  passed  Wells's  tavern,  then  S. 
S.  E.  to  the  Crooked  Billet,  then  N.  W. ,  and  reached  the  Cross 
Roads  [Hartsville],  where  we  encamped  at  6  P.  M. 

August  10.—  ,' 

Since  we  came  here  for  to  encamp, 
Our  mornings  have  been  very  damp. 
But  at  noonday  excessive  warm, 
And  like  to  do  us  all  great  liarm. 

August  23.  —At  3  A.  M.  we  marched  from  camp  at  Cross  Roads, 
passed  the  Crooked  Billet,  and  proceeded  to  Stenton,  near  Ger- 
mantown, where  receiving  orders  to  march  thro'  Philadelphia 
next  day,  we  encamped.  The  night  was  wet  and  the  camp  dis- 
advantageous. 

August  24. —At  8  A.  M.  the  General  was  beat,  when  all  tents 
'.vere  struck,  and  at  4  o'clock  we  marched  for  Philadelphia. 
At  0  A.  M.  we  entered  Front  street,  passed  down  the  same  in  sub- 
divisions to  (Uiestnut  street,  when  turning  we  proceeded  to 
the  Commons,  thence  over  the  Middle  Ferry  [Market  street] 
on  Schuylkill,  to  the  heights  of  Derby,  at  8  P.  M.  where  we  en- 

*Tho  Marquis  do  Lafayette  witnossod  this  review,  an  account  of 
which  ho  also  gives  in  his  Memuirs 


DIARY  OF  LIEUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


209 


oamped.     Many  of  the  inhabitants  are  Tories  and  possessed  of 
vahiable  estates. 

August  25.  —At  3  A.  M.  tents  were  struck,  at  4  A.  M.  inarched 
"W.  S.  W.  i)a8t  Marcus  Hook,  and  2  p.  M,  encamped  in  Brandy- 
wine  Hundred,  New  Castle  county,  within  5  miles  of  Wilming- 
ton. 

August  26. — At  4  A.  M.  we  marched  from  our  encampment  to 
Brandywine  Bridge,  near  Wilmington,  when  turning  N.  N.  W. 
we  proceeded  a  few  miles  and  encamped  near  the  east  hank  of 
the  creek.  Here  I  was  ordered  on  Court  martial  duty.  Here 
we  also  learned,  that  the  enemy  liad  landed  and  were  encamped 
at  Iron  Hill. 

August  27. — Received  orders  this  evening  to  march  next  day 
to  White  Clay  Creek. 

August  28. —We  marched  from  our  encampment  at  4  A.  M. 
and  proceeding  thro'  Wilmington,  Newport  and  the  Rising 
Sun  [Cecil  County,  Maryland],  encamped  in  White  Clay  Creek 
Hundred,  where  we  learned  the  enemy  were  near  Newark  and 
had  driven  in  the  Militia.  Here  we  lay  under  arms,  without 
tents  or  blankets,  as  the  wagons  were  left  in  the  rear.  A  de- 
tachment of  150  men  were  sent  out  from  (xen.  Weetlon's  brigade 
to  observe  the  movements  of  the  enemy.  We  expect  a  general 
attack  to-morrow. 

August  29. —At  3  A.  M.  we  marched  from  White  Clay  Creek, 
proceeded  N.  E.  a  few  miles  up  the  Lancaster  road,  then  turn- 
ing  marched  to  the  heights  of  Newport,  on  Red  Clay  Creek, 
where  we  took  post.  Our  scouting  party  returned  with  14 
regulars,  prisoners.  They  gave  us  to  understand  that  their 
army  was  not  advancing,  but  that  they  intended  shortly  to 
attempt  the  conquest  of  Philadelphia.  Our  encampment  here 
was  exceedingly  beautiful,  and  V)eing  chiefly  surrounded  by 
Whig  inhal)itants,  was  to  us  very  agreeable. 

September  2.  -An  ex{)ress  arrived  at  (J  A.  M. ,  with  news  that 
the  enemy  were  advancing.  We  struck  tents  and  marched  to 
an  advantageous  height  at  the  intersection  of  the  roads  leading 
to  Newport  and  Wilmington,  and  remained  under  arms  to  3  r. 
M. ,  when  we  h^arned  that  the  enemy  had  advanced  to  the 
heights  near  Christina  Bridge  and  halted.  Orders  were  issued 
to  cook  our  provisions  and  to  be  ready  to  march  at  a  moment's 
warning. 

SeptemVier  0. —This  morning  I  was  sent  out  to  reconnoitre; 
proceeded  to  Newport,  thence  to  the  Artillery  Park,  and  after- 
wards reached  our  advanced  detachment,  where  I  was  informed 
that  in  the  late  skirmish  lhre(>  of  our  regiiuent  were  killed  and 
one  wounded.  At  oveuing  returned  to  oamx). 
14-VoL.  XV. 


I 


'! 


i 


210 


DIARY  OF  LIKUT.   JAME8  McMICHAEL. 


September  7. — Agreeably  to  General  orders  of  the  day,  the 
officers'  ohentH  and  heavy  baggage  were  sent  over  Brandywine, 
and  everything  prejiared  for  the  expected  attack  to-morrow. 

September  8.  -At  3  A.  M.  the  General  was  beat  and  all  tents 
struck.  All  the  regiments  were  paraded,  the  men  properly 
formed  with  an  otTicer  at  the  head  of  every  platoon,  and  after 
wheeling  to  the  right,  we  remained  under  arms  until  9  o'clock. 
Then  the  alarm  guns  were  fired  and  the  whole  army  drawn  up 
in  line  of  battle,  on  the  east  side  of  Red  Clay  Creek,  with  Gen. 
Greene's  division  to  the  right.  Here  Ave  remained  for  some 
time,  when  Gen.  Weedon's  brigade  (of  which  my  regiment  was 
a  part),  was  detached  to  the  fr<»nt  to  bring  on  the  attack.  We 
crossed  tlie  creek  and  marched  about  a  league  to  an  eminence 
near  Mr.  Mc('annon's  meeting  house,  and  there  awaited  the 
approach  of  the  enemy,  who  were  within  half  a  mile  of  us. 
They  however,  encamped,  which  occasioned  us  to  remain  nntler 
arms  all  night,  the  sentries  keeping  up  a  constant  Are.  One  of 
our  officers  on  picket,  deserted  his  post  and  was  immediately 
arrested. 

September  9. — At  4  A.  M.  we  received  marching  orders  and 
proceeded  E.  N.  E.  to  tiie  Crooked  Billet,  on  the  great  road  from 
Wilmington  to  Lancaster;  thence  thro'  Kennett  township, 
Chester  county,  crossed  the  Brandywine  and  turning  S.  E.  en- 
camped in  the  town.ship  of  Birmingham,  being  extremely  fati- 
gued for  want  of  rest  and  severe  iiumihing. 

September  10. —At  noon  the  alarm  guns  were  fired,  and  the 
army  drawn  up  in  the  usual  manner,  and  marched  to  a  height 
near  the  Brandywine,  where  we  took  post.  The  enemy  not 
appearing  we  posted  strong  pickets  and  remained  all  night  in 
the  woods. 

SeptemVier  11.  -An  attack  was  made  at  7  A.  M.  on  our  scout- 
ingparty,  in  which(yapt.  Marshall  was  wounded.  We  all  paraded 
near  Chadds  Ford,  and  had  a  heavy  cannonade  followed  by 
snuUl  arms  on  both  sides,  but  not  much  execution  done  owiii'j 
to  the  distance.  However,  this  proved  to  be  Imt  a  feint,  while 
the  enemy's  Grand  Army  marched  up  the  west  side  of  Brandy- 
wine and  crossed  at  Birmingham  Meeting  house.  Gen.  Sulli- 
van's division  was  detached  in  front  to  bring  on  the  attack. 
Both  parties  met  at  4  r.  M. ,  when  a  heavy  engagement  com- 
menced, which  continued  about  an  hour,  when  our  troops 
being  overpowered  in  numl)ers  were  obliged  to  give  way,  at 
which  time  we  were  marched  to  their  aid.  We  took  the  tront 
and  attacked  the  enemy  at  ■').  ;]0  ]'.  M. ,  and  being  engaged  Avifh 
their  grand  army,  we  at  first  were  ol)liged  to  retreat  a  few 
yards  and  formed  in  an  open  field,  when  we  fought  without 
giving  way  on  either  side  luitil  dark.     Our  ammunition  almost 


DIARY  OF  LIKUT.   JAMES  McMKJHAEL. 


211 


It 
It 


expended,  lirinj^  (Moused  f)ii  l)<)th  sides,  when  we  received  orders 
to  jiroeeed  to  Cli«!ster.  We  niarciit^d  jiU  night  until  w<i  neured 
the  town,  when  we  Iiaited,  but  not  to  sleep.  This  day  for  a 
severe  and  siieeessive  enfjai^einent  exceeded  all  I  ever  saw. 
Our  re^^inient  fouglit  at  «jne  stand  ul>ont  an  hour  under  inces- 
sant Ihe,  and  yet  the  loss  was  le.s.s  Than  at  Tion^  Island  ;  neither 
were  we  ho  near  each  other  as  at  Princeton,  our  coininon  <lis- 
tance  behif^  about  50  yards.  And  thus  happened  the  battle 
of  l^randywine,  in  (Miester  county  ;  tlie  loss  on  either  side  not 
l)roperIy  authenticated.  , 

Sei>teniber  12. —At  4  A.  M.  we  proceeded  thro'  Chester,  later 
to  Derby,  and  encamped  near  Schuylkill  brid{.jo  at  9  o'clock. 

8epteiub(>r  1:5. —At  sunrise  we  crossed  Schuylkill  bridf^e  an<i 
tnrninf^  to  the  left  to  avoid  the  city,  proceeded  to  the  Falls  of 
Schuylkill  ami  at  1 1  A.  M.  reached  the  site  of  our  former  encamp- 
ment, near  CT(!rmantown,  where  w«!  encamped  and  put  up  our 
tents,  which  we  have  been  without  for  a  week. 

September  11.  -At  9  A.  M.  we  nuirched  from  camp  near  Ger- 
mantown,  N.  N.  W.  for  a  few  niile,s,  ui)  the  great  road  from 
Pliiladelphia  i<>  Reading,  then  turning  W.  S.  W.  we  crossed 
the  Schuylkill  in  the  centre  l)etwe<ni  Philadelphia  and  Swedes 
Ford,  8  miles  from  each.  We  reached  tlm  great  roa<l  to  Lan- 
caster, at  Merion  IMeeting  house,  and  proceeded  up  that  road, 
when  we  (!ncam{)ed  in  an  c)pen  field,  being  denied  every  desira- 
ble refreshnuMit. 

September  15. —.Vt  (J  A.  M.  we  marched  to  the  Sorrel  Horse, 
the  Spread  Eagle  and  to  Paoli,  where  we  encamped. 

September  10. — Intelligence  reached  camp  at  1  V.  M.  ,that 
the  enemy  were  on  the  nuirch  for  Swedes  Ford,  whereupon  we 
jiroceeded  a  mile  up  the  road  and  turning  took  post  on  a  hill, 
l)y  which  time  an  attack  connuenced  l)etween  our  scouting 
party  and  that  of  the  (snemy.  The  day  being  e.xtremely  wet 
tlie  enemy  declined  to  advance.  At  3  o'clock  we  recieived 
marching  orders  and  halted  at  2  \.  M. ,  but  remained  under 
arms  until  daybreak.  Tin*  rain  foil  in  torrents  for  eightHnn 
hours.  This  march  for  excessive  fatigue,  surpassed  all  I  evt-r 
experienced. 

September  17. — At  noon  we  inarched  to  the  Yellow  Springs 
and  encamped  in  the  woods. 

r  then  thought  were  I  hut  at  Maidenhead, 
I  would  ho  treated  to  a  warm  hed-(»- 
But  whilst  in  camp,  the  wood  nuist  he  my  shade, 
And  ready  bo  to  any  ahirm  that's  madCo 
Whilst  I  my  sword  nniat  gird  around  my  thigh, 
And  fight  courageous  when  the  enemy's  nigh — 
Leaving  to  Providence  tO(!onsumato 
What  la  recorded  in  the  Book  of  Fate. 


i 


212 


DIARY  OF  LIKIJT.  JAMKS  McMIOHAKL. 


'?:». 


Septeiiih.u-  18. — We  iiiurtrhed  from  the  Yellow  BpringH  at  4  A. 
M.  ;  passed  Warwick  Furnace  and  encamped  at  Reading  Fur- 
nace. 

September  19.  —At  dawn,  broke  camp  and  crossed  the  Schuyl- 
kill at  2  P.  M. ,  at  Parker's  Ford  [Lawrencevillej,  where  we  had 
to  strip  to  wade.  Reached  the  great  road  to  Reading,  passed 
the  Trappe,  crossed  the  Perkiomen,  on  the  eastern  bank  of 
which  we  encamped.  Through  false  alarms  we  got  no  rest, 
tho'  after  such  fatigue  rest  would  have  been  very  agreeable. 

September  20.  —At  4  p.  M.  marched  from  the  PerUiomen, 
proceeded  down  the  great  road,  crossed  the  Skipjiack,  and 
thence  to  Paulings  Ford,  in  Providence  township,  where  we 
encamped.  We  had  a  fair  view  of  the  enemy's  encampment, 
being  oidy  separated  from  ws  by  the  Schuylkill  and  a  small  hill. 

Septemlx'r  21. — At  3  P.  M.  we  marched  to  the  Ridge  Road, 
where  we  halted  'till  'J,  .crosse«l  the  Perkiomen  and  Skippack, 
passed  the  Trappe  and  encamped  near  Pottsgrove. 

September  20. —We  left  camp  at  Pottsgrove  at  9  A.  M.  for 
Pennybecker's  Mill  [now  Schwenksville]  where  we  encamped. 

Just  when  we  camo  into  our  camp,  an  army  did  appear, 
They  were  on  an  adjacent  hill  which  was  to  us  quite  near, 
They  travers'd  all  the  hill  about,  as  tho'  we  were  their  foes 
And  seemed  quite  uneasy  tiio  secret  to  disclose. 
But  wo  with  mirth  and  jolity  did  seat  ourselves  to  rest 
Upon  the  hill  right  opposite,  tho'  they  soem'd  quite  distress'd. 
Then  taking  Carnagliau's  canteen,  which  had  in  it  some  rum, 
We  took  to  us  a  little  drauj^ht,  my  rhyme  to  end  did  come. 

September  28. — In  consequence  of  the  good  news  received 
from  our  army  in  the  North  [battle  of  Bemis  Heights,  New 
York],  we  were  all  para<led,  and  a  salute  of  13  guns  was  fired 
by  our  park  of  artillery,  with  three  hu/.zas. 

September  29. --At  10  A.  M.  we  marched  from  Pennybecker's 
Mill  o  the  Methodist  [Mennonite]  meeting  house,  where  we 
remained  several  days. 

October  ii.  —  fjarly  this  morning  orders  were  issued  for  the 
troops  to  be  furnished  with  two  days  cooked  jjrovisions,  and 
oacli  num  served  with  forty  roinids  of  ammunition.  At  noon 
the  sick  were  sent  to  Bethlehem,  which  indicates  that  a  sud- 
den attack  is  intended.  At  Op.  M.  the  whole  army  marched, 
with  Gen.  Greene's  division  in  the  advance.  We  passed  White 
Marsh  meeting  house,  when  Major  J.  Murray,  Capt.  [John] 
Nice  and  I  were  ordered  at  the  head  of  80  men  to  feel  their  ad- 
vance pickets,  and  if  we  conveniently  could,  to  attack  them. 
Owuig  to  the  picket  being  within  a  mile  of  their  main  ])ody, 
we  were  unsuccessful,  anil  I'ejoined  our  regiment  at  daybreak. 


to 
th( 
wh 
C 


DIARY  OF  LIKUT.  JAMES  M(;MICHAKL. 


2i:{ 


OntoluM*  4. —At  5  aftur  .'»  o'clock  tliH  attack  began  frcmi  right 
to  left.  We  drove  the  enemy  tor  near  .J  niile.s  with  the  utmost 
precipitation,  but  the  Maryland  militia  under  the  command 
of  Gen.  Smallwood,  not  condng  to  Hank  UH  in  proper  tinw, 
together  with  the  cowardice  of  the  loth  Virginia  regiment,  gave 
the  enemy  an  opportunity  of  coming  round  our  left  flank. 
When  their  main  boily  attacki>d  our  left,  we  advanced  into  a 
field  and  put  every  party  to  retreat  that  attacked  uh  in  front  ; 
but  by  thi.s  time  we  Hustained  a  lire  from  front,  left  and  part 
to  the  rear,  when  Gen.  Stephen  ordered  ( 'ol.  Stewart  to  evu<^- 
uate  the  ground  from  the  right  of  Hub-divi.sion.s  by  liles.  It 
waH  dinagreeable  to  have  to  leave  the  Held,  when  we  had  almost 
made  a  conquest,  if  the  Virgiruans  had  stood  to  our  aid. 
Agreeably  to  orders,  we  retreated  regularly  a  short  distance, 
but  the  enemy  taking  a  dilTerent  route,  we  were  oi)liged  to 
march  the  road  from  whence  we  came,  in  order  to  head  them, 
but  did  not  fall  in  with  any  part  of  them  afterward.s.  We 
then  marched  up  the  Skippack  r.)ad  to  l*ennybecker's  Mill, 
■where  we  betook  «»urselves  to  rest  at  t)  l».  M.  Thus  happened 
the  memorable  (fvent  of  the  battle  of  Germantown,  in  which 
great  numbers  were  killed  on  both  sides,  and  which  lasted 
from  5  till  10  o'clock.  That  of  Brandywine.  was  not  in  any 
measure  such  a  general  attack,  neither  was  the  loss  at  that 
place  any  way  equivalent.  Iliad  previously  undergone  many 
fatigues,  but  never  any  that  so  much  overdorje  me  as  this. 
Had  it  not  l:)een  for  the  fear  of  being  taken  prisoner,  1  should 
have  reuuiined  on  the  road  all  night.  I  had  imirched  ni 
twenty-four  hours  45  miles,  and  in  that  time  fought  four 
liours,  during  which  we  advanced  so  furiously  thro'  buckwheat 
fields,  that  it  was  almost  an  unspeakable  fatigue. 

Octobers. — To-day  changed  our  encampment    to    the  west 
bank  of  the  Perkiomen. 


r 


T  then  said,  I  had  soon  another  hattle  o'or 

And  it  e.xcoeded  all  I  ever  saw  Ijot'oro, 

Yotthro'  tlio  danger  I  escap'd  without  rooeiving  harm 

And  providentially  got  safe  through  firing  that  was  warm, 

Rut  to  my  grlof  tlio'  I  fought  sore,  yet  wo  had  to  retreat 

Because  tho cowardice  of  tl)o.se  on  our  left  was  yreat. 


October  8.— i\t  8  A.  M.  we  marched  from  our  camp,  passed 
Pennybecker's  Mill  and  along  the  Skippack  road,  then  turn- 
ing N.  N.  K. .  we  crossed  the  North  Wales  road  and  proceeded 
to  tiie  roail  leading  to  liethlehem,  on  which  we  encamped,  in 
the  township  of  Towamensing,  3<)  nules  from  Philadelpliia, 
where  we  remained  some  days. 

October  10.  — At  7  A.  M.  Ave   nuirched   from   Towamensing  to 


14 

i 


HI 
'•II 


I  '!i; 


<i ;  i  j 


;M4 


DIARY  OF  LFKITT.  JAMKH  McMldll AKL. 


tli(t  iiit(M-SB(Ui<>ii  of  llio  i'oimIh  to  Noi'tli  WhIcm  and  JJt^thlolunii, 
llicn  liiniin^  8.  H.  W.  wh  proreedetl  to <mr  former  eiK'-ainpiiieiit 
iKiiir  rlin  Mnthoilist  |  Mt'iiiioiiitHJ  iimwtiiig  Iioiiho  adjactmt  to 
whi(^li,  wo  foriiuul  a  caiiip. 

()c!tob(fr  17.  — At  4  A.  M.  tJie  KJtIi  P«mi.sylvaiiia,  with  tho  2(1 
and  5t.h  Vir^jiiiia  rctfiiiunits  iiiariduMl  to  \Vliit«^  Marsh  ('hurch, 
wlu-ro  W(!  built  lurt^(i  llrcH  and  rcitunuMl  to  our  camp. 

October  18.  — This  day  t  h<^  a^^rt'cabic  news  from  the  northward 
arrived  at  camp,  tiiat  our  army  under  Gen.  Gates  luid  oblii^ed 
(J^en.  IJnrf^oyiH*  with  his  whole  army  to  surrender  as  prisoruM-s 
of  war,  upon  whi(^li  ills  Kxcellency  (ren.  Washinf^ton  ordered 
the  wiiole  army  to  be  i>arad<Hl  at  U  1'.  iM.  when  a  feu  <h(  Joy  witli 
blaidv  cart  ridf^es,  followed  by  three  huzzas  was  performed  by 
the  whole  army,  superuiten<led  by  the  Major  (feneral  and 
Brif^adier  of  the  day. 

OctolxM- '30.  — At  t  A.  M.  we  marched  from  camp  near  the 
Methodist  meetin^f  lumse  and  proceeded  to  Upper  I)ublin[t()wn- 
shii»|and  then;  received  orders  to  pitch  tents.  Here  we  n^- 
maiiuid  'till  eviniint^  wh(Mi  we  Avere  ordered  to  the  liroad  Axe, 
thence  [mst  Plymoutli  and  Barren  Hill  meetinj^  liouses,  but  the 
ui^ht  jjfrowing  excessive  wet  a  <!ouncil  of  war  thouj^ht  it  ex- 
pedient for  lis  to  return  to  our  encampment,  where  we  arrived 
at  ihiybreak,  after  nmrchiny;  liO  miles. 

October  2'3.  -At  9  o'(!lock  at  night  we  marched  and  proceed- 
ing past  Whitt!  ^[arsh  church,  through  Flowertown,  Beggars- 
town,  and  (lermantowu,  halted  at  the  Rising  Sun  [Nicetown]  it 
then  b(iing  tlaybreak. 

October  23.  —  We  remained  between  the  Rising  Sun  and 
Tliree  Mile  run,  until  I)  o'clock,  waiting  until  Gen.  -McDougal 
would  attack  the  enemy  at  Schuylkill,  but  they  liaving  eva- 
(Miated  their  post,  we   had  to  return  to  our  encampment. 

Novembers. — We  marched  from  Upper  i)ublin  and  took  post 
at  White  l\Iarsh,  where  we  erected  abatis  in  front  of  our  eii- 
campmtMit. 

H}'  Tories  we  were  now  surroimdod 
Either  when  marching  or  retreating 
',  lUit  Tories  still  are  i)iisihinimous 

A  nd  can't  enc^ountor  men  magnanimous. 
Wo  made  us  merry  at  their  expense 
Wliile  they  wisli'd  wo  were  all  gone  hence. 
These  were  tlte  people  »;alled  Quakers 
Who  in  war  would  not  ho  partakers. 
To  Liberty's  Sons  this  seom'd  hut  light 
We  still  allow'd  that  we  could"tight. 


DIAIIV  OF  lilKUT.   JAMKS  McMICHAKL. 


215 


Novi'inlx'i'  11. 


The  woathor  now  bogHii  to  cover  with  snow 
Tlio  Kiirth;  likowino  tlio  wind  N.  VV.  did  blow, 
Whilst  our  alnxlo  wuh  only  in  our  tenlH, 
Wiioro  wo  roinainod  duriuf^  wliiit  cviiiiU* 
*  Mij?l  t  horo  occur,  wliotiusr  of  joy  or  friiof — 

And  ;<)  uttiKilv  tlio  ontiuiy  \\  iis'our  holo  roliof, 

Novombor  20.  — At  8  a.  m.  wo  innrchi'il  from  Whito  Marsh, 
p(is.so(l  AI>inK(l()n,  W(f  oroHHod  Ww  NcKhiiniiMy  to  KiiokleHtown, 
on  tlie  lioiglitH  of  wliicli  wo  (incumpcd. 

Novomber  21.  -  Wo  inunrliod  frojn  Knc-kloKtown  at  8  A.  M., 
and  pr(>(]i>o(l(Mi  i)a:it  aHUiall  town  railed  l-\)nr  ijanoH  Knd,  tluMico 
to  liristol,  whon  wo  oruH.sod  tlio  Dolawuro  to  liurliiigton,  whore 
v/o  iirrived  at  2  i»,  M. 

November  22. -r  At  10  A.  M.  wo  nnirchod  from  linrlin{?ton  to 
tho  hoi(^hts  of  Mount  Holly,  wluu-o  wo  took  post. 

Nov«!inl)or  2(5.  Huvinj^  rocoivod  word  that  Clon.  ('ornwalliK 
with  4000  nion  woro  r.iA'afj^irifj  tho  county  of  (iloutJoHtor,  at  1  A. 
M.  mandiod  to  Moorostown  and  tloMioo  to  Haddonlifdd,  noiir 
whicdi  wo  halted  until  (^vt>ninir.  We  learned  t  hat  tho  caieniy 
had  retroato<l  to  Philjid(dphia,  after  taUinj^  a  lar^^e  cpiantity  of 
live  Htock  with  thtMU,  Wti  returned  lo  our  encain[)inont  at 
midnight,  after  a  fatiguing  nuirch 

JNovenil)er  27.  — Wo  l(!ft  Mount  Holly,  pnjceoded  to  Turling- 
ton and  <!ross(?d  tho  Deluwaro  to  Bristol,  near  which  w«!  en- 
oampod  in  tho  wood.s,  without  touts. 

Nov(!ml)<!r  28.  -  At  daybreak  left  liristol,  pas.sed  thro'  I'our 
lianes  Knd,  over  Nosluiminy  bridge,  passed  Soiit  hami)ton  Meet- 
ing house  and  Abingdon  and  n^aehed  White  Marsh  at  H  v.  M. 

l)(H;einber  f).  —  At  2  A.  M.  thc^  alarm  guns  wort;  fired,  when  we 
paraded,  nuirohed  toand  nuin'd  the  lines.  The  enemy  marched 
thro'  (xernuintown,  Jieggarstown,  Flowertown,  and  took  i)ost 
on  Chestnut  Hill.  At  H  A.  M.  a  detachment  of  Militia,  under 
(jr(!n.  Potter  wen!  ordered  to  skirmish  witli  them,  in  which 
both  sides  nud,  with  loss.  The  enemy  encamped  whili^  our 
(fraud  Army  remaiuful  at  tlu^  lines.  Our  bagugge.  including 
teids,  were  sent  to  the  Trappe.  The  weather  was  excessive 
cold. 

December  7. — Wo  man'd  th«!  lines  at  •")  a.  m.  ;  at  8  o'clock  the 
4ilarin  guns  lired,  when  we  discovered  the  enemy  advancing. 
The  riflemen  under  Col.  Morgan  were  detached  to  skirmish 
with  them.  Their  intention  seemed  U*  come  arourul  our  left 
(lank,  but  could  not  effect  their  design  ;  they  then  went  into 
camp.  The  sentries  kept  up  a  lire  all  idght  and  everything 
presaged  a  general  attack  in  the  morning 


;.       ) 


2I(i 


niAIlY  OF  LIKUT.  JAMIOS  M<;MIC»AKL. 


i^ 


Dooombcr  b.  -We  .s(o<>«l  ul.  uriiis  at  5  A  M. ,  expcKtin^  a  K"'»- 
t*ral  ongagi'iiu'iit,  l)ut  contrary  to  our  expocuition  wo  paHHHil 
tlio  (lay  at  tlui  Iin«»rt  umlisturbod  till  11  o'clock  at  iii^lit,  when 
a  I'c^iuuutt  from  each  l>ri);a(l(«  \vt*rc  orclorinl  to  attack  at  day- 
break. 

DocvMubcr  0.  -Wc  iiiarcluMl  to('hcHtnut  Hill, but  hcariiijf  th»* 
<Mtcniy  had  rcturiu>(l  to  IMiiladclphia,  w«i  ret iirncd  lo  our  eii- 
uunipnuMit. 

DiHMMUber  11.— At3  A.  M.  we »! ruck  ttMits,  ))aHS«Hl  Whit«»  Marsh 
CJhurch,  and  on  to  the  upp«'r  bridnje  ov«m*  the  Hchuylkill,  when 
tht»  enemy  haviiif^  cro.4.Hed  at  the  Middle  Ferry,  attacked  a 
party  of  Alilitia  under  Gen.  J\)tter.  The  Kwm  waH  inc(>nHi<iera- 
ble  on  both  Hides.  We  theu  ttirniui  W  N.  VV.  and  proceeded 
thro'  Hickory  town  and  (Mi'iimped  near  Swedew  l'\)rd. 

DectimbtM*  12.  At  (5  l*.  M.  \v<»  nmrched  to  th«»  l>rid^e  [made 
of  wagons],  which  we  cr<»sHed  in  Indian  file,  and  at  \\  A.  M.  en- 
camped near  the  (hdph  [iNrill],  where  we  reuuiined  without 
tents  or  blankets  in  the  miilst  of  a  severe  snow  sjorin. 

December  IS).  \l  10  A.  M.  W(«  nnirched  from  theUulph  and 
t«M)k  post  notir  the  Valley  Forjjfo,  wheni  our  fj^round  was  laid 
out  for  cantonments.* 

January  8,  1778.  —I  departed  from  Swedes  I'^ord,  and  at  10  A. 
M.  arrivtnl  at  cauip  near  t  he  Valley  Forge,  where  1  was  a  wel- 
come guest  t«)  the  oHicers  and  soldi<>rs  of  the  115th  Penna. 
Regt.  Here  1  began  to  assist  in  building  a  hut  for  the  whiter 
tpuirters  of  ('apt.  Robert  (fray,  Mr.  (larnuiu  and  myself. 

January  M.  — At  the  recpu'st  t)f  Colonel  Stewart,  the  oHlcers 
of  the  regiment  were  summoned  to  dine  with  him,  where  we 
piwssed  the  day  in  civil  jolity.  In  this  nuiinier  several  days 
were  spent,  passing  by  a  rotation  from  the  senior  to  the  junior 
oHlcers.  Thus  and  in  uuiny  other  desirable  enjoyments  we 
])assed  some  part  of  the  Winter  campaigu,  nuiking  ourselves 
as  happy  as  circumstances  would  possibly  admit.  While  con- 
fined to<he  camp,  wt*  pass»>d  nuiny  hours  in  rtu'reation,  view- 
ing tht»  environs  thereof  and  survt^yed  the  nu)8t  advantage«>us 
pi>8ts  in  cas(»  of  an  attack 

February  8.  .\t  <!  o'clcck  P.  M.  Cajit.  John  Speer  made  his 
•^xit  to  the  Kternal  World,  after  an  indisposition  of  two  weeks. 
He  was  a  gentlenum  posscssetl  not  only  of  a  patriotic  spirit, 
Imt  also  of  a  large  degree  of  fortitude,  and  yet  after  escaping 
in  nuiny  danj; -rotis  engagements,  he  at  last  died  of  an  Inter- 
mittent Fever  in  the  :37th  year  of  his  age.  His  remains  were 
interred  in  Upper  Merion,  witli  all  the  honors  6f  war,  accom- 
panied by  a  great  number  of  ollicers  of  Gen.  Greene's  division. 

*notwoon   December  2'2,  1777,  iiud  .Tanuiiry  8,  1778,  T.ieutonunt  Mc. 
Michaol  obtiuned  louvo  of  tihsenco  to  visit  his  fiiinily. 


DIAllY  OF  LIKUT.  JAiMKS  iSIcMICIlA  KL. 


217 


Mrtivli  Ifi.  — 1  tliiH  in«>iMiiii^  pr<>c,iM>(l<Ml  lo  tli(>  {^raiid  parade, 
wilt!!'*'  I  was  a  Hp(^ctat(>r  to  th«t  dnitiiiiijn^  out  <»!'  iii<>i:t.  KiiHiiii 
of  (Jol.  Mal(u)iit's  n>)rtnit>i)t.  H«(  was  Ih-Hf  (inini'd  from  rij^lif, 
to  loft,  of  th««  pti,i'ad>>,  t  lirruM)  totlu;  loft  wiii^of  ilioanny  ;  from 
that  to  thi>  (MMitrc,  and  lastly  tratiHport***!  oviu*  the  H(rliiiylkill 
Avitii  orders  ii«!V(!r  to  bo  ho«mi  in  (Jamp  in  tin*  future.  This 
Hliottkin^  Ho<Mi(«  was  porformod  hy  all  tli<?  <lrums  and  llfos  in 
tlio  army  tli(!  ooat.  of  llio  dt^linqutuit  was  turned  wron^  Hid<? 
out. 

March  20.  To  us  who  liad  built  oursolvos  a  (dty  on  th<'l>anUH 
of  tho  Hidiuylkill,  tlio  return  of  H[)rinf;  brought  tlHui^jhls  of 
happiness,  which  wo  Hhould  luivo  etijoyed  more  fidly,  were 
lMiilad(!lphia  again  in  our  po.ssoHsion.  \\^1  rely  on  tho  i»ru- 
denee  and  military  skill  of  our  worthy  General,  to  acuromplish 
this. 

April  iK).  Thin  day  witli  most  of  tho  ofTlcors  of  (Ion.  Greene's 
division  I  a(;(*ompani<Ml  tlu^  ('orpstt  of  lii(Mit.  Gr<>en  to  Upper 
Morion,  wIkmv!  it.  was  int<!rred  with  tlu;  honors  of  war.  lie  was 
a  gontlcMuati  of  an  amiabU;  disposition,  who  unfort  uruitely  was 
mortally  wounchul  in  a  duel  with  Tjieut.  White. 

May  I.      Having  now  an  opporturnty  I  t  bought  proper  to  sontJ 
part  of  my  superlluous  l)aggage  and  some  of  my  books  to  .Tor 
sey  [tho  journal  from  which  this  copy  is  made  being  of  tho  num- 
bor]. 


FurowoU  my  .Tournal,  wo  nnist  part 

Wliicli  contiiiuH  some  nature  hut  no  art — 

Tho  companion  of  my  sore  fatigues 

Tlirougliout  tho  war,  l)ut  not  intrigues  ; 

Thorel'oro  adieu  my  amliiguous  book. 

May  you  ho  pleasing  to  those  wiio  in  you  look. 


May  0.— Agreeably  toGeneral  Ordersof  yesterday,  we  paraded 
at  9  A.  M.,  when  a  suitable  discourse  was  delivered  to  »!ach 
brigade  by  the  tUuiplains.  At  10  A.  M.  IIkm'o  was  a  signal  given 
by  the  di.scharge  of  a  liehl  pi((c<^  from  tho  Artillery  J'ark,  for 
the  whole  army  to  load  an<l  ground  arms.  At  half  after  eleven, 
asimilarsignal  was  given,  rpon  which  w(Mmm(>diat(;ly  numrhed 
to  our  alarm  posts,  wher  .ho  ( 'omnumdor  in  (!hiof  reviewed 
us,  beginning  at  the  right  of  tin!  fntnt  line  atul  proceeding  to 
the  left,  then  turning  to  the  left  of  t luM-ear  line  he  passed 
along  to  the  right.  Atti'uded  l>y  all  of  his  aids  and  guards,  he 
+  hen  took  post  upon  an  eminences  to  the  right  in  rear.  Imme- 
diately afterwards  a  signal  was  given  for  t  lie  comnuMicement 
of  the  feu  d(»  joy,  when  a  discharge  of  1:5  pi<!(MW  of  cannon  fol- 
lowed by  a  running   fire  of  the  infantry  from  right  to  left  of 


318 


DIARY  OP  LIKUT.  JAMES  McMICHAEL. 


' 


■  .M 


the  front  line  and  continuing  to  the  left  with  a  like  diKohargo 
from  left  to  right  of  the  rear,  were  performed.  Then  a  nignal 
for  three  cheers.  This  was  followed  by  a  discharge  of  Vi  pieces 
of  artillery,  with  the  same  ceremonies  us  in  the  former  (ire. 
We  afterwards  returned  by  brigades  to  our  encampment,  when 
all  the  officers  in  general  were  desired  to' dine  with  his  Excel- 
lenciv  Gerd.  Washington,  and  spent  the  afternoon  enjoying 
all  desirable  mirth  and  jolity.  Many  patriotic  toasts  were 
drank,  and  at  evening  we  all  returned  to  our  quarters,* 

*Thls  inspection  and  review  was  to  colelirate  the  treaty  of  allinn(;c 
between  France  and  the  United  States,  which  was  signed  February  fi. 


M 


S    S 


',\       \ 


vmt  I 


in 


11 


t^O^U^ 


^4 


'..* 


JOURNAL 


Of 


LTEUT.  ERIvUIUES  Beattv 


fN    THI' 


ExpfHlitioii  Agaiiist,  ihe  Six  Nations 

UNDKR  GEN.  SULLIVAN. 
17;!». 


i 


i 


r. 


■>i 


(219) 


^^t^l4^    M/'/t.^ 


/' 


JOURNAL 


OF 


^mt  Ebkpbies  Bum 


IN  THK 


Expedition  Against  the  Six  JVations 

UNDER  GEN.  SULLIVAN. 
1779. 


(219) 


J 


[This  journal  is  in  possession  of  the  New  York  Historical 
Society,  and  was  published  in  connection  with  the  record  of 
the  centennial  celebration  of  the  expedition  of  Gen.  Sullivan 
against  the  Six  Nations  Indians  in  1779.  Lt.  Beatty  belonged 
to  the  Fourth  Regiment  of  the  Pennsylvania  Line,  wheire  a 
biographical  reference  is  given.  ] 


^220^ 


EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


221 


JOUENAL  OF  AN  EXPEDITION  TO  ONONDAGA. 


April   6th,  1779. —Marched  of  from  the  Middle  fort  with  a 
Comp'y,from  the  4th  P.  Reg't.  and  a  Corap'y  from  the  Rifle  Corps 
about  9  o'clock  proceeded  on  to  Cobus  Kill  12  Miles  from  Scho- 
hary;  arrived  thereat  4o'Clock  when  we  was  Joind  by  Capt  John- 
stons Compy  of  Col.  Dubois's  Regt.  from  the  lower  fortSchohary 
when  he  took  the  Comd.  staid  here  all  Night.     Next  morning 
we  proceeded  on  with  the  3  Companies  to  Mohawk  River  to 
Conogoharie    25   Miles  where  we  staid  all   Night.      Nothing 
material  happend.     on  our  March,  the  next  day  inarched  on 
to  fort  plank  6  miles  where  we  got  waggons  sufficient  to  Carry 
our  m[en8]  packs  then  proceeded   on  within  4  Miles   of  Port 
Herkimer  where  we  staid  all  Night.      Next  morning  started 
early  arrived  at  Fort  Herkimer  where  we  Join'd  Capt.  Bleeker 
Compy.  from   Col.  Gansevorts   Regt.    Capt.    Fowlers   Compy 
from  Ool.  Livingstons  Regt.  &  Capt.  Lane's  Compy.  from  Col. 
Aldens  Regt,  staid  here  &  got  breakfast  then  Marched  of  of 
Capt.  Bleeker  taking  the  Command,  marched  on  13  Miles  when 
we   encamped  all  Night  in  the  woods   the  next  morning  got 
of  early  went  on  to  old  fort  Stanwix  C  Miles  where  we  break- 
fasted, then  proceeded  on  to  Fort  Schuyler  16   Miles  where  we 
arrived  about  5o'Clock  and  was  saluted  with  three  pieces  of 
Cannon  from  the  fort  four  Companies  Encamped  on  the  Glacis 
and  the  other  two  quartered  in  two  houses  that  was  there. 
The  officers  quartered  in  th^i  Garrison  which  consisted  of  Col. 
Vanschaiks  Rogt;  &  a  Compy.  of  Artillery. 

April  14th,  1779.  — Rested  all  this  Day  nothing  material  hap- 
pening— 

15th. — This  day  about  63  Oneida  Indians  came  into  the  fort 
with  their  baggage  &  squaws  they  all  llred  coming  in  &  was 
saluted  with  3  pieces  of  cannon  from  the  fort  after  some  Cer»*  • 
mony  they  went  out  and  lay  about  -^  of  a  Mile  from  the  fort. 

16th.  — This  Morning  the  TjachemH  apply  to  Col.  Van  Schaiek 
to  go  on  the  Expedition  with  us  but  the  Col,  told  them  that 
we  was  not  going  on  any  Expe.lition  which  almost  satisfied 
them,  this  afternoon  about  20  More  came  in  of  the  Tuskeroras 
&  Oneidas. 

17th. —It  snowed  last  Night  and  partly  all  this  Day  nothing 
material  happening. 

18th.  — Sn«jw'd  by  spells  this  day  The  Indians  applyd  to  Col. 


k 

f 
4 


■HHKMU 


223 


BEATTY'S  JOURI^AL. 


for  to  go  on  an  oxp«Mlition  by  themselves  which  was  granted 
them  antl  tliey  J)rawe<l  provision,  tlien  they  pc^titioned  for  two 
oflicers  to  go  with  them  but  no  Men,  wliicli  was  granted  them 
lit.  MeClellan  of  Col.  Gansevorts  Kegt.  and  Ensign  Harden- 
burg  of  Col.  Van  Bchaieks  ttegt.  was  ordered  to  go  with  each 
to  take  a  Sergt.  and  20  Days  provision  witli  them  and  they 
marclied  of  abt)ut  1  oClocli  about  CO  of  them  leaving  their 
Sachems  &  Squaws  behind  them,  this  Day  arrived  at  the  Fort 
30  Batteaus  with  stores  from  Schenectady.  "We  Re(5d.  ortlei*8 
to  Draw  3  Days  provision  and  hold  our  selves  in  Readuiess  to 
march  to  morrow  morning  at  Day  Break. 

19th. — hust  night  the  Batteaus  wai*  carried  into  Avood  creek 
about  J  of  a  Mile  from  the  fort  and  this  morning  flights  of  snow 
fell  but  we  inarch 'd  of  about  sunrise  with  3  Compatties  from 
Col.  Van  Sohaicks  Regt.  when  Col.  Van  Schaick  took  the 
Comd.  with  his  other  field  oHlcers  Lt.  Col.  Willet  &  Magor 
Cochran  sent  a  proper  Guard  with  the  batteaus  and  we  pro- 
ceeded down  wood  creek  l)y  land  till  we  arrived  within  about 
2  Miles  of  Lake  Oneida  22  Miles  from  the  fort  staid  here  3  or  4 
liours  for  the  boats  where  they  Arrived  about  3  o'Clock  when 
we  immediately  embarked  &  proceeded  into  the  Oneida  lake 
the  win<l  blowing  very  high  all  Night,  about  day  break  we 
stopt  and  Collected  our  boats  then  proceeded  on  till  about  1 
o'clock  when  wo  stopt  about  2  hours  &  Drawd  provisions  then 
proceeded  on  to  the  Onaudaga  landing  at  the  farther  end  of 
the  lake  which  is  across  33  Miles  and  in  breadth  13  Miles  v/here 
we  arrived  about  3  o'clock.  Immediately  Disembarked, 
Drawed  Rum,  turned  out  a  suflicient  Guard  to  leave  with  the 
boats  then  formed  the  line  of  March  Viz  The  DIen  to  March  in 
two  Columns  about  the  Distance  of  100  Yards  each  Capts.  Gra- 
ham, Gray,  Hicks  &  Renshaw  with  their  Companies  to  form 
the  Right  &  Cai)ts.  liouie's,  Johnston,  Fowler  &  Bleeker  to 
form  the  left  and  the  Rifle  Compy.  to  divide  upon  each  flank 
The  Main  body  to  march  two  deep  and  in  case  of  interuption 
to  file  of  to  Right  and  left  and  Join  the  line  and  the  Rifle  men 
to  keep  on  the  flanks,  in  this  Manner  we  march'd  of  thro  the 
woods  with  the  greatest  silence  about  14  Miles  when  we  stopt 
about  dark  and  laid  down  without  any  fires  and  the  strictest 
orders  to  keep  silence. 

21st.  —this  morning  set  of  about  Day  Break  on  the  same  line 
of  march  and  went  about  6  Miles  when  we  halted,  Capt.  Gra- 
ham with  Ins  Compy.  was  sent  forward  as  jin  advance  party 
then  proceeded  on  to  the  Onaudaga  lake  about  8  miles  in 
length  &  4  in  Breadth  waded  an  arm  of  it  about  4  foot  deep  and 
200  yards  wide  and  came  to  Onandaga  creek,  small  but  deep, 
had  to  cross  it  on  a  log.     Capt.  Grahams  Co   .Just  as  he  had 


EXPEDITION  Ad  A  INST  THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


221} 


crossed  the  creek  cauglit.  an  Indian  who  wusHhootinK  I'iilji'eons 
&  niodo  hint  ]>riH()ner,  And  \vh  ^ot  honu;  Infornnition  from  liini, 
then  proceeded  on  till  we  come  within  about  ones  Mile  of  the 
Town  wlien  we  lieod.  word  from  ('jipt.  Graham  tliat  lie  had 
cauffht  one  Squaw  and  killed  one  and  had  (ak<Mi  two  or  three 
Children  and  one  White  man  and  on«)  or  two  nuide  their  ew- 
capo  anil  alarmed  the  town.  Tiie  (Jol  Immediately  stint  nu*  for- 
ward to  order  him  on  as  (piick  as  poHsible  and  make;  iia  many 
prisoners  as  he  couhl  iS;  he  woidd  support,  him  with  the  main 
body.  I  overtook  him  at  the  first  town  and  delivered  my 
orders  ajul  he  Immediately  pushed  on  about  two  miles  to  the 
Next  town  where  lie  made  a  small  halt  and  took  a  f^reat  many 
prisoners,  soon  after  Mufjor  Cochran  with  Capt.  Grays  Compy. 
came  up  and  orderetl  me  to  stay  with  the  prisoners  and  their 
two  Compys.  to  push  on  to  the  next  town  about  one  mile  for- 
ward whicli  they  did  and  mad(i  more  j)risonersand  kilhulsome 
particularly  a  N^e^ro  who  was  their  Dr.  they  then  plundered 
the  houses  of  the  most  valuable  thinj^s  and  set  lire  to  Them  and 
Returned  to  the  middle  town  wh(U'«*  I  was.  Cai)t.  Bleekers 
Comi)y.  had  come  up  by  this  time  and  left  the  main  body  at 
their  first  town  we  then  collected  all  our  prisoners  plumlered 
this  town  and  sett  fire  to  it  then  marched  of  to  the  main  body 
which  lay  at  the  first  town,  we  stayd  there  about  8  hours  and 
killed  some  live  horses  and  a  N  und)er  of  Hogs  &  plunderd  their 
houses  and  set  fire  to  them  and  Marched  of  about  4  o'Clock  in 
the  same  lino  of  march  as  we  came  only  the  front  changed  and 
a  Couipy.  to  guard  the  prisrs.  who  was  to  march  betwet^n  they 
two  Colums  marched  on  at>out  2  Miles  from  the  town  down  the 
Onand'ga  creek  when  about  20  Indians  who  Lay  concealed  on 
the  oppisite  side  of  the  Creek  fird  upon  us,  l)ut  the  Rifle 
Men  soon  Dispersed  them  killing  one  of  them,  we  then  march'd 
on  and  crossd  the  Onandga  Creek  in  two  places  for  fear  the 
enemy  should  attack  us  but  we  mot  with  no  interruption, 
crossed  the  arm  of  the  lake  and  encamped  by  the  side  of  the 
lake  about  8  Miles  from  the  town-  -W<*  killed  about  1.")  took  'M 
Prisoners, burned  about  J>()or  10  Houses,  took  3  stand  of  Coulors, 
and  we  had  not  one  man  kilhul  or  wounded   - 

22nd. —Marched  of  early  this  morng  and  arrived  at  tlie  boats 
about  4  o'clock  stopt  about  one  hour  to  Draw  I'um  then  em- 
barked and  went  7  Mile  to  a  large  Island  in  the  lake  where  we 
encamped  and  Drew  provision. 

23d. — The  next  morng  the  wirul  blowing  we  did  not  sett  of 
till  about  9  o'Clock  but  the  wind  begin  to  Lull  and  we  arrived 
into  wood  creek  at)out  4  oClock  when  we  J>i8embarked  left  2 
Compys.  to  guard  the  boars  up  the  Creek  &  we  proceeded 
on  to  Fish  Creek  about  7  Miles  where  we  Encamped. 


1 1 


334 


BKATTY'S  JOURNAL. 


24tli. — llaituMl  u  littlo  hist  Ni^ht  Hct.  of  •■arly  tliiH  inornhig 
Hiiiull  whowors  of  Uiiiii  frll  to  <liiy  wo  arriv«Ml  at  fort  Hchuyler 
alxmt  13  o'clock  when  w«»  wtM-o  HaliitiMi  by  li  I'iecnH  of  (Januun 
front  tlio  fort  iind  «>a('li  (^oiiipy.  took  their  old  QiiurtorH. 

25tli.  — This  Day  wo  was  busy  in  collecting  tlxi  pinndor  and 
making  an  cipial  J)istril>ution  of  it  to  each  (<oniy.  and  Rued, 
onlcrs  <o  holt!  onrsclvcs  to  embark  tomorrow  morning  iwirly  to 
go  down  the  Mohawk  River. 

30th. — This  Morning  ('apt.  lj«)nies  &  Capt.  FowlerH  Compy. 
was  ordered  to  niarcli  down  to  Fort  ll«>rkimer  to  gnard  Komo 
waggons  and  Jifterwards  to  join  their  Regt.  tiie  other  4  (com- 
panies <Mnbarked  Avith  the  prisontMS  abont  sunrise  and  pro- 
ceeded tlown  the  River  to  ft)rt  Herkimer  where  we  arrived 
about  darlt,  j)art  of  the  boats  was  ordered  to  go  forward  0 
Miles  to  the  carrying  place  and  wait  there  in  the  mprning  till 
the  Rest  came  up. 

37th.  set  of  early  this  njorning  and  went  to  the  carrying 
place,  some  showers  of  lliiin  falling,  had  our  boats  carried  over 
as  Quick  as  ]^)syible  and  proceetlcil  <lown  the  River  as  far  ns 
Major  Funda's  within  34  Miles  of  Hchenoty  where  we  stayed 
all  night 

38tli. — set  of  early  this  morning  and  arrived  at  Schenectady 
about  13  oGlock  when  each  ('ompy.  Reed,  orders  to  Join  their 
Rtigt.s.  as  soon  as  i)ossiblo,  put  the  men  in  the  barracks  &  staid 
all  Night. 

39tli.  —This  morning  abont  day  break  set  of  with  Capt.  Grays 
compy.  and  the  Rille  compy,  leaving  the  prisoners  with  Capt. 
Bleeker  to  Ouanl  to  Albany,  i)roceeded  on  till  we  arrived  at 
middle  Fort  Sohohary  Just  being  out  3  Weeks. 

E.  BEATTY. 


III?! 


ll: 


■VP 


.lOURNAL  OP  AN  EXPEDITION  TO  THE  INDIAN 

TOWNS. 


l-'riday,  June  11th,  1779. — Marched  from  Sch chary  with  4th 
3*.  Regt.  &  Rifle  corps  8  o'Clock  leaving  15  Men  from  each 
Corp  with  proper  officers  for  the  safety  of  the  Place  the  rest 
arrived  at  Schenectady  at  Sundown  where  we  encamped — 

Saturday  13th.  —Lay  encamped  all  day. 

Sunday  llkh.— Crossed  over  the  River  encamped  opposite 
Schenectady  and  was  supplyed  Avith  36  Pftitteaus  to  go  up  the 
Mohawk  River  with  a  quantity  of  provisions,  Small  Showers 
of  Rain  fell  today 


^%  : 


"^>^'''<''>ITT()N  AGAINST  THF  SIX.. 
Monday, ah      Sh  "^''  «'X  NATIONS.       ^^ 

''•"HKrooah/o   i„   ,„„  ^         '^"  J;'tHft  JVi,jh^  vvj.ich   ,„ad'    ,^  , 

iiui.iy  nnload.xl  our  Uoaf«»r  i  *>  '^^^  ''"cuinp,,,j  ^.,  ,„, 

■-^ riti/Lv  i*^fi       1  ^-''-'j* 

rial  huppenin^  "^  '"^  '"'"''  -->'  Q"i''t  ul,  day  Nothing  Mato 
«Htnrday  ic,t,,_s^  ^  ^*'^*"- 

Spnn,Mu„<,  very  ,,,,   ,^  ,  pa:;d"''^r^  ^^-'•'-''   of   for 
wrs,  a  New  York  Re^t.  win  d   wa      ' ''"''^'  ""  *^  ^^-^Lakeiike 

Snndav  20tl.  -.-,av  in  «  ^^^^  pJ-a«ar.t 

ififf  Kreat  Number  ^f  w""""^'  ""  '^""^  «"<lunf?  juatermll 

m'«    ijie   »>nsnne}inrm  ..ri  •  i  "vvi»e  ro  clear  out 

«^fe'o  to  ,„ake  H  pa.s.I.I     f   ^,      "'"''  '^*""««  o,u  of  (ho  T    i 
Panies  of  (Jol.  Alderiw  '' '''''  ^'"'^^'"'  '^kHwi.se  the    ^      .  ^''" 
-tena,  happen^.^  ^^^,:r:;^;>  *^^'^^"  He,t.  non;.  ^^  l!;: 
;vit],    lioafs  and   provisions  V  "^'^'"""  Passinfj  to  the  l./lT 

l-^^i;  t...  Uoads  in^Re;:r  ^'  "^  «^"^  ^^  P-ties  ever^ly  to^ 
Tuesday  22d.-TJiis  Ar        •  ^       >  lo 

Officers  besides  my^jfrnr^on ':  ^t'"''  ^^^  -^'-.bor  of 
Otsego  catc],ed  a  few  f.sh  am  l/f  ''""^'  Party  across  LakJ 
got  very  wet  as  tTi„,.  "  Returned  in  tho  P,-      • 

ir-Voi,.  XV,  ""  '^o  '  "uiixuiles  of  OoJ.  A),lo„" 


i 


II 


d'jc 


UK  AIT  V  "8  .lOUUNAK. 


Urfj't.  who  liiiil  \\uu\o  (I  Dntii  uoroHK  iUh  n«nk  Uial.  ntiiH  oiil.  of 
(lu>  liiUo  HO  HM  (o  HuIh  Uh>  \vn(t«r  lor  (o«>n,i'ry  \\u>  MoniN  ilowu 
(hoy  »»r«>ok, 

\V.nh».'.s,|«y  TM.  -'PhiH  l>iiy  nhoiK  'Jo'(lh>oU  Major  Purr  arrlv<-.l 
whit  hi!4  parly  brotiKltl  do  ii(>\vh  oI'  luiy  ootiK«>(|nt>ii(<*<  bill  tltcl, 
(hi'v  t  lu»  l»raiM'h  ol'  t  hi>  Stl^«(|U(>htlnll  u  hloh  ln>  woni  «h»\vii  mI)oii(. 
h>  MllcH  Iroin  liuUo  vhso^o  wmn  |lnM^4ahlo  lor  IIouIh.  itiy  in 
Oiviiip  till  Day  iiolhinHfol  ooiiHoqiuMUM' liH|i|»i<iiin^  N*<iiilliif;  oiil, 
ftili^itc  |vtirii(>H  on  (li<>  KotitlstiM  iiniiiiI  liU(>\vir<u  m^ii'iiI  iiiiiiilior  ol' 
WiVK'tfons  |Ni.sHiuvv  lo  (ln>  liiiK<>. 

'riiin-Mluy  .him«  'Jlih.  laiy  lu  oamp  l»»  Di^y  MolhiiiH;  ol  Cou- 
F)«<qiioiioi«  h<ipp*M)h)H- 

KrUlav  Mili  'IMiIn  IMorniniJ:  Capl.  HItnpsoii  whh  10  IMlIo  IM.mi 
\»iMil  on  a  s<'»>ii(  hK<>\vis('  l<l.  Hoviiis  wil  li  'OU  lMiiN<pn<l  iMi<ii 
woiit  on  a.  sooiil.  !Sho\\<>rs  ol"  Wain  li'li  lo  tlay  ajul  «>.\«M<(>(iiii|{ 
warm  W(>alluM".  no!  many  \\aK'K'<»iis  I'ass'il  ioday. 

Satninlay  vMUh  Uaimvl  al!\io^t  all  last  nl^■h(  luil  vory  warm 
all  Pay,  about  Uo'Cloolv.  Vol.  Dubois  Ito^jl.  Arrivoil  hi<r*>wilh 
'v^  IM«<o«»s  of  Anillory  liUi'wlso  a  (.^>iiantily  ol'  Amunilion  lor  th«> 
«>\pt»«liti<Mi  and  s«mh«»  (Moathimr.i^Uiid  \  <  al  IhTaKlasl  and  I'ro- 
ooodod  on  (««  lh«>  lake  tluMi  to  tak(>  Pari,  I  his  al'li'moon  Capi. 
SinnKson  with  his  |»arty  and  l.t.  Ih'vins  with  his  arrive*!  at. 
I'ump  but.  broiiK'ht  n<»  uows  «»!'  (\)ns)Mpirn(<(\  this  <>\i>niii<';  a 
>>nmb(M'  of  \Va>jj^:ons  arriv(>il  hero  «»n  tln>ir  way  lotho  l-ako 
with  amunilion  likewise  our  I'  :  Mr. 

Sunvlay  'JJth.  This  mornini;'  sent  a  «»s«'orl  with  the  atnuni- 
<it>n  to  tho  lake,  to  thiy  about  'JoCloek  one  of  the  Kille  Olllcers 
sent  his  waiter  about  i>ne  Mile  from  Tamp  I o  ^ijet  8alla.<l,  but. 
the  waiter  was  nnhiipily  made  prisoner  by  a.  few  I  ntlians  after 
li.ivinj;;  tired  tiiree  Shot  w  hioh  we  hiwird  in  Oatiip  I  iiunlialely 
\v<<ui  out  8oouts  but  emild  see  Nothing. 

Meiiday  \}Sth.  This  Pay  tlu>  Col.  and  a  Number  of  ()i\\>\ 
with  myself  went  toseet'ol  Piibois  and  his  otlieers  who  were 
eneamivd  ai  l.ows»iri>ve  on  t  he  nper  landing,  found  them 
al!  vi>ry  well  anil  th<>y  provided  a  very  jjfood  tlinm>r  for  us  suit 
able  ti>  the  plaee  ^^  time,  th«>rewas  about  lU'tyolTrs.  dim>d 
toi;eth«»r,  after  Pinner  wi>  had  a  son^f  or  ( wo  fr«»iu  ililTerent 
OlluMM's  and  KtMurned  home  a.  little  befon<  Sundown,  we  wert* 
all  very  sooiable  at  ilinutM'and  Spent  our  tiiiUMvith  tho  Ofllders 
very  a>;rteable  little  flights  of  Hj.in  f '11  to-day  in  tln>  morning 
nothing  matt'rial  hapiHMiin^ 

Tuesday  30th.  --T<t.  Hoy*!  with  a  Scout  went  out  to  <la,y  and 
l.#t.  Cotin  with  another  party,  a  Number  of  Col.  Dubois'H  oiTl- 
oers  eaine  to  seo  U8  to  th»y  and  dinetl  with  Col.  This  evenini^ 
the  tlyinjf  Hosjiital  arrived  h»>re  wit  h  a  Number  of  Hospital 
Stores  and  all  the  tjiirgoous  thut  is  ^uiug  ou  llio  uxptulitiou 
nnd  here  enoamptHl. 


KXPKIHTION    AdAINH'P  'nil:  HIX    NATIONH.        'J'47 


\V«MliH'M«liiy  IlOlli,  'I'IiIm  iiiornliii;  <'/i.{»l,  lli'inli<rmin  wllli  i». 
l(i.rKn  imonri   wi'iil  lo  (•(tiivi*y  t  li<<  lluMpllal  to  I  Ii<i  IniidliiK. 

'riiiii-H<liiy  .Inly  Im(,      'I'jIk  (l<i,y  i')>ll  huiii)'  Unlit  ii\>nn\  ',i  n('\(ti-k, 
Ho\\\.  (Miiloii    (irri\)<)l    nt  our   < 'nitip  wit  li  llii'AdJI     Urn).  iuhI 
M.  Niittilii'i*  iiiui"  iitllcri'M  iiikI  i'II)'iiiii|m<<I,  nliofil   IhivU  <!<>l    nun 
HovnrlH  Hi"kI>   Anivfii,  lirii>  (iiiil  <iM'(iiiiiH'i|  ill  Iroiil  <i|'  iih,  thin 
ovi<iilli){  \VM  |{.(<i'(l.   (M'llni'H  III  Miii.i'rli  l<>  iiKifrow  nM*i'riiii((  rii riy, 

•''rliliiy  "Jtl.  /Nrcm-iliimly  t  liiH  iii<iniiii({  wi<  Hlnii-lt  our  IchIm 
I'Mi'ly,  ill"  U<'kI,  iimri'lii'ii  l»y  ^'linrrv  N'lillt'y  l<»  III"  l<»W"i<'inl  of 
III"  Ink".  Til"  l»(i.|4;}j;n){"  nj'  |  Jin  l>"lii.cliiii"iil  W"iit  io  H|ii'iii>{(l"l<l 
litiMliii^  Willi  11.  |ir<)|>"i' ( jiiii,ril  wll  li  iIm<<'oI.  A/,  ilinl/r,  MdHlui-H 
&.  inyHt'li',  |iiil  III"  IxiK^iiK'*  oil  l»»iir<l  IIoiiIm  «V  l'r<)«',c"(l"il  in  lli" 
lower  "iiil  <>l'  III"  l/iiv"  w  li"f"  W"  (i.i'iiv"tl  hIkmiI.  11  <»< 'lorlt  /iimI 
foiiiiillli"  U"kI  I  Ii"!'"  Ii"i'ur"  iih,  W"  I  iiiiii"(ii»i.l"ly  look  out  <»iir 
niiK^n.^;"  iiinl  "Iii'ii.im|mm|  on  ||i"  lM|^lil  oi  ( 'rohnuM  IIoiih"  ii.  v  cry 
plinHiiiil  |il/ic"  ill  III"  "V"iiiii(r  ill"  (l"iil.  /iri-iv"<l  wllli  <'ol.  (<ii.m 
Ht'vorlH  H"),;!.  iV  lli"  IIoh|>II(i,I  \,  n  >^r"Ml  ii"(i.i  oi'  I'ntviMion,  I  li"y 
"iii-n.iii|MMl  on  i  li"  id  I  o|'  iiH. 

Hn,l  nrdiiy  'U\.  'I'liiH  inornin^f  I\I/ijor  ( 'iiurcli  Willi  n,  Nn in lin-  ol 
Mollis  \v"iil  lo  Iniiix  Provision  Iroin  S|•l•in^^M"i^l  iniiiliin;,  /iliriiil 
i()o('lo«'k  < 'ol.  Dnliol,'^  Uf'>.c'-  "n.ni"  iipf"  with  iiior"  I'rovinion  A/ 
"ii('ii.inp"il  In  I  li"  r"(ir  of  ( 'ol,  <  Juiihcn opIm  I<"j{I  .  I  wo  llonrH  ll,fl<•r 
(  'ol.  \ViM"iilUiH  I{"i4:l.iirri\  "(I  licro  wil  li  I'roviHion  hikI  "nr.ninptwl 
ill  lli"i"n.rof  n.-^,  liiv"wis"  I  li"  ,\rl  ili"ry  (iikI  HlorcH  ('(iui"  wil  Ii 
('ol.  hniiois  l{"^l.  Mild  "ii"iijiip"d  li"l\v""n  onr  Kc^t.  &  (!oi. 
< jiins"v<n'lN,  iiiiLii"  II  Mii^ii./in  of  «'roliii.iiH  IIoiih". 

.Inly   nil.      LiihI.  nif^lil   W"  W"r"  <iliiriii"d  !ty  hoiii"  of  onr  ''"n 
t  ri"M  ilriiii^  II.I     I  nliiiiiM  who  wiiH   crirpinf.,"    npl<i   llnnii,  W"    It" 


niiiiiK'il 


niidi 


arms  oii"    Hour    lli"ii  wrnl    lo  onr    KMitsuilli 


orders  nol  lo  pit  1 1  of  onr  ( 'ionl  lis,  1  IkT"  w/is  sovrral  hIioIh    II  red 
l»"for"    inoriiin^,  and    ii.l.    Day  Incak  wo    lra('.k"<l   n.  nninl)"rof 
Indians    KoiiikI   alxiiil    onr    pi.-k"ls  Init   ii"V"r  oti"  of  iIm-uiic 
tnriKMl  onr  nr<>.      Major  I'arr  with  his  llili"  iihmi  w"iit  on  Sroni 
<  his  niorniii^. 

Tliis  Day  I  111'""  yi'iir  hciii^j  tlm  Day  thai  Ttid"|»"ndr'iu'i!  w»m 
d"c.lar"d  it.  was  ••"Ichral  "d  by  liriii>.r  ii.  I''"n  Do  .loy  all  I  In- t  roop- 
was  dnnv  up  on  th"  Kanks  of  lim  l/ii.k<i  in  oii"  lino  with  iIh- 
I  wo  IM"<'"sof  Arl  ilhiry  on  th"  Ifij^hl.  tii"r"  was  \'-i  IMocch  of 
(•annoM  tired  and  t  hren  Volleys  of  Mnsipietry  one  nft  er  atiol  lui 
and  three  ( lieer.s  w  itii  oviiry  tlrn  it,  was  done  extraordinary 
well  a.!id  with  f^reiif,  exaet.in'ss,  afterwards  the  troops  was  drew 
np  in  n.  (Mrclo  hy  Colonis  on  a  little  hill  when  I'arnori  (irano<» 
preached  nsa. Hornion  snitahle  to  t  he  occasion  fnnii  t  he  1  <'ha|)- 
<er  of  h'iXodns  and  13  VnrHe,  after ward.s  the  1  roo|w  was  l)is- 
iiiiH,se<l,  (^ol.  Ki^nier  .Adjt.  rhnil.  nuv(»  an  invitation  to  all  the 
oHU'ers  to  colli"  and  drink  (iro^;  with  lihn  in   the  uvt^ninj;  iic- 


hi 


I 


!' 

V 

I 

i 


mm 


22« 


BKATTY'S  JOURNAL. 


<?ordingly  a  number  of  ofTicerH  (uluiost  all)  assemblod  at  a  largo 
Bowry  whioli  lie  had  pntpared  ou  tljo  bank  ui  the  lake  but  how- 
over  Ave  Hot  on  they  ground  in  a  large  (^'Irele  and  dowed  the 
Day  with  a  Nunibtu'  of  Toasts  suitable  &  u  great,  Deal  of  Mirth 
for  two  or  tliree  hours  anil  then  R«!tirned  to  our  tents,  the 
whole  Day  was  Couduote<l  extremely  well  considering  the 
phu'e,  a  groat  tleal  t)f  provision  came  nvvr  they  Lake  here  to- 
«lay--Weathervery  warm— This jifternoon  Lt.  Evans  Hille  Regl. 
Returned  from  a  8cout  being  down  th<!  Sus(]iiehannuh  as  far 
as  Yaukams  but  brought  no  news  of  eonsequenee. 

July  ntij,  Monday. —To-day  Col.  Aldens  Regt.  came  over 
witli  the  last  of  tin*  Provision  aiul  Stores  of  all  sorts  and  eu- 
<'auij)ed  in  the  center  of  the  second  line  behind  the  Artillery 
likewise  a  few  of  the  (>ueida  Indians  come  ov«'r  witJi  the  Regt. 
and  encamped  on  11i«>  Hanks  of  the  lake,the  ail  soon  got  Drunk 
&  luade  a  terrible  nois»>. 

(ith,  Tuesday.— This  forenoon  the  Adjt.  (ienl.  Reviewed  the 
front  line  very  particularly.  This  afternoon  was  a.  high  wind 
and  some  Rain,  Prayers  now  every  evening  froniTarson  (lanoo. 

Weusday  July  7th.— This  Day  the  Adjt.  (Jeid.  Reviewed  the 
second  lin»%  took  a  party  with  sonu!  more  of  our  Oflicors  and 
went  a  lishing  three  «)r  four  mile  from  ("amp  catched  a  num- 
ber of  Trout  in  one  of  the  branches  of  the  Susquehanna— all 
ot  the  OIT'rs  of  the  Tiine  met  this  (>ving  at  the  large  liower 
and  took  a  Sociable  Drink  of  Grog  givtui  by  Col.  Gansevorts 
Onicers. 

July  8th. —To  day  at  one  of  the  Pickets  two  of  the  out  Gen- 
tries fired  at  tw(»  nu>n  they  saw  creeping  u[)  to  them,  they  did 
not  Return  the  llri'  but  Immediately  Ran  away,  T.  D.  D.  W. 
The  Gl. — Nothing  of  coiisequenct*  happened  to  Day. 

July  9th  Friday. —a  little  Rain  fell  last  uight,  but  today  was 
a  warm  day. 

10th,  Saturday.  — Lay  quiet  in  Camj)  all  Day. 

11th,  Sunday. —This  Day  being  a  very  Rainy  Day  did  not  go 
out  m     'h,  therefore  heard  no  News, 

12th  Monday.-  Rained  very  hard  most  part  of  all  last  night 
but  this  morning  cleared  uj)  very  cold  considing  t he  tinut  of 
years  likewise  a  high  whistingwind  last  Night,  all  still  today. 

IJUh,  Tuesilay.  — Drtuv  arms  for  the  Men  in  the  Regt.  that 
was  wanting  and  other  nessecary  things  for  the  good  of  (he 
Service  which  kept  us  btdsy  aluu)st  all  Day— 

14th,  Wensday.  — This  Day  did  not  do  any  thing. 

l.")th,  Thursday  — Tt>  day  three  men  Deserted  from  our  Regt. 
likewise  some  more  from  the  other  Regis. 

Triday  Kith.  -  Nothing  uiaterial  happened  today. 

Saturday  17th.— No  News— 


EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


Sunday  18th. — To  day  soiiio  of  our  men  found  a  v<iry  fuu^ 
(JIuiSt  of  C'arponterH  tools,  and  sonio  Hookn,  Mai)  &  Nuinl)er 
of  I'apors,  the  eljosi,  was  oon<M^al»'d  in  a  thirkot  of  Hushes  cov- 
ered with  bnrk,  near  one  of  onr  pickets,  it  is  supposed  it  wns 
they  property  of  Crohan  who  fornuM'ly  lived  h<?re  Hut  is  now 
(jfone  to  the  Kn(Mny  tlmrefon;  they  CMiest  is  a  lawful  prise  to 
the  nuiii  thet  found  it. 

Monday  lUth.  — This  uiornin;j^  ('apt.  McGowan  went  to  Seho- 
hary  there  to  stay  t  ill  h<*  j^ets  his  side;  eured,  likewise  1  felt  vc^ry 
unwell  this  luorniufi;  whi(!li  caused  nui  to  take  a  Vomit  which 
worked  mo  severely,  in  they  afternoon  I  y<»t  a  ^jood  deal  Bet- 
ter hut  still  continued  a  swellin^j  in  my  face  which  was  occa- 
sioned by  the  tooth  Acdi, 

Tuesday  20th.— This  J)ay  we  h«*a,rd  that  Spain  had  accedtxl 
to  our  Inchtpendanci!,  and  had  KtMuforced  Count  l)e  Estaiufj 
with  seven  (U"  eitfht  sail  of  Ships  of  the  line,  likewise  that  Spain 
liad  laid  siege  to  (fibrallt'r  cV  that  tin*  Fieiudi  had  taken  the 
Islands  of  Gurnsey  &  Jersey,  furthermore  heard  that  the 
Enemys  liglit  Horse  had  made  an  Excursion  into  Coniu'cticut 
from  Rhode  Island,  and  ha.d  l»urnt  <5  or  7  houses  in  Newhaven 
but  was  Itejiulstid  by  our  people  with  loss  uidvuown-  II  rained 
all  last  Night  very  hard  &.  stea,<ly,  and  this  morning  till  10 
oClock  and  it  cleared  up  Warm,  felt  myself  pretty  well  Ile- 
cov(M"ed  to  day-  - 

Wensday  21st.  -This  Aftiu-iuxm  was  brought  in  (woof  our 
Men,  who  l)es«;rteil  from  this  piac(>,  «fe  one  was  Imediately  tied 
uj)and  Ileceived  noo  Eashes&  was  again  committ'd  lothe  Guard 
house,  the  other  was  Iroixid  and  (dosely  conthied  there  to  re- 
main to  bo  Iryetl  for  his  life  at  the  Next  General  Court  jiiar- 
tial  that  Sots- 
Thursday  22d.— To  day  caiiie  in  one  other  Deserter  of  him- 
self and  lia,d  a,  very  plaiisaJde  Story  to  tell  l)ut  was  commit  <mI  to 
tin?  guard  house  I'or  tryal. 

Friday  33d. -Nothing  ha.j)peiu'd  today. 

Saturday  2ltli.  -To  day  we  heard  that  .'((i;!  of  the  Enemy  was 
taki'ri  at  V<m'  I'flinks  point  on  tlit^Norih  Hiver  liktnvise  one 
man  was  Released  from  the  guard  house. 

Sunday  2"»th.  — To  djxy  a  snuill  Hain  leii  all  da>'. 

jMomlay  2(!th. — Kaiiul  almost  all  last  night  and  best  |»a,rt  of 
this  day. 

Tu«'sday  27th.  —Some  rain  fell  last  niglil  and  a,  lit  ( le  to  day 
by  showers.  To  day  we  ha,d  the  a,gre<'a,ble  news  conllrmed  of 
the  jirisoners  taken  on  the  North  Hiver  -(leid.  Wayn  with  1100 
men  Siirjjrised  (he  (larrisoii  at  Stonv  Pojn(  killed  100  and 
took  upwards  of  oOO  Prisoni'rs  he  ha,d  4  killed  and  21 
Wounded    there  was   not  a   Gun   llred   on   either  Side.     Genl. 


i 


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■1; 


Wayn  entered  the  Fort  at  3  oClock  in  the  morning  the  Grarri- 
son  was  commanded  by  Col.  John.ston,  liliewise  we  lieard  that 
the  Indians  had  taken  30  Men  at  Fort  Sclmyler  who  was  at  mak- 
ing hay  &  afterwards  was  pushing  down  they  Mohawk  River  in 
consequence  of  wliich  there  was  a  Detaclnnent  sent  off  com- 
anded  by  Col.  Gansevort  to  Conojohariii  consisting  of  205  Men 
and  ~i  Captains  with  3  Days  provision — Likewise  we  heai'd  that 
there  was  a  Major  2  Captains  one  Sub.  and  15  Men  taken  Pris- 
oner by  7  Indians  &;  one  White  man  at  Sabbath  Day  Point  or 
near  it,  somewhere  near  Lake  George,  the  officers  and  'men 
went  out  to  gather  huckelJjerries  &  was  taken  asleep— 

W(Misday  28th. — This  morning  (agreeable  to  the  Sentence  of 
a  Genl.  (/ourt  Martial)  at  Troop  Beating  they  three  men  was 
brought  out  to  be  Shot  one  belonging  to  our  Regt.  one  to  the 
0th  ]\Iassuts.  &  the  other  to  3d.  N.  York  all  found  Guilty  of 
Desertion,  the  troops  was  drawn  up  on  the  grand  Parade  the 
num  belonging  to  the  3d.  N.  York  Regt.  was  shot  the  other 
two  was  reprieved  by  the  Genl.     very  warm  to  day. 

29th.  Thur.sday.-  Raind  a  little  last  night  but  none  to  day, 
loday  w<ihad  a  Newspaper  which  give  a  particular  Account 
of  Genl.  Wavn  taking  they  Fort  at  Stony  I'oint  they  killed 
00  of  the  enemy  &  took  400  Men  l)esides  25  oflicers  with  Col. 
Johnston  the  Conulr.  &  one  Capt.  killed  of  the  enemy  Genl, 
Wayn  got  a  slight  wound  in  his  Temi)le  besides  5  other  of  our 
Offrs.  &  50  IVfen  A:  25  killd  af  our  men  likewise  wt!  took  14  Pieces 
of  Ordouiince  TOO  Stand  of  Arms,  Tents,  Rum,  Cheese,  wine, 
and  a  iiumber  of  other  Articles  of  Stores.  Our  troops  took 
out  the  ordinance  &  stores  and  Destroyed  the  Fort  and  Re- 
turn(Ml  with  the  Prisoners  near  our  Grand  Army.  The  enemy 
had  00  killed  &  about  the  same  number  wounded— Likewise 
we  heard  in  the  i)apersof  5  of  the  Enemys  Provision  Shipl)eing 
taken  with  20,000  liarrells  of  Diffcu'cnt  Stores  saf»i  arrived  in 
Kastern  i)orts— We  heard  from  I^ort  Schuyler  that  Lt.  Scudder 
was  taken, with  them  30  Men— We  had  the  goods  news  in  Genl. 
Order  to  day-- 

I'^riduy,  30th.  —Nothing  of  Consequence  happend  to  Day. 

Saturday,  31st.  —To  day  Small  Showers  of  Rain  fell  this  even- 
ing Col.  Giinsevort  arrived  with  the  connind  had  be(>n  as  far 
as  l<\)rt  Herkimer  but  brought  no  news  of  Inip(irtan<u\ 

Sunchiy,  August  1st,  1770.  -  Raind  almost  all  last  Night,  to 
(Iny  al  1 1  oClock  the  Olllcers  of  llie  brigade  met  agre((able  to 
(n'ul.  Orders  (as  has  been  this  few  diiys  j)ast)  to  learn  the  Sa- 
lute with  the  Sword,  the  Geids,  Curiosity  led  him  out  to  see 
how  they  saluted  aft«'r  the  was  dismisscul,  th«\v  formed  a  ("ir- 
clc  round  the  Genl  and  recinestcMl  of  him  to  give  them  a  Keg 
of  Rum  to  drink,  a,  demand, at  tlu^  same  time  wi' little  evp««cted 


'^=^''^''»''»'' AOAIK8T  THE  SIX  NA.no  VS 
to  have  the  favour  ^  ^^^^JO.NS.        231 

■        f-nired  to  the  cool  ■!,  "'"•  ''y  'I'onks  an,l  1       '■''■'""- 

•    ;v«ha«...„t  de:r,f/"r,;:''''7:^''■•''"^"t  Tor'r" 
■  •;™':::;'i!e,:''.:  r">  "•--  i'::f .;';'"'■' ^^'^''"  '- 

L  leat  of  Journal  inissin.ri 

Monday,  August  9tl,      V^' 

the    Biver  Tl,! T  /       *""""'  '»  '■"'•!'    Loaf  ,„  I        "'  """I'tini,- 

-^1.;.^^  "".v./e'o,.''.::':,;:,,;;:/;;; .'-;,  ni«h, „„,  „„,.,,,, 

w...i„„„,i„.'  ' , "l';;;«;  ■■  ';..i".«ic,., went!,  ■,:,;:;,;""  'i.-      . 

i-H.o„i:': ;  r:,«"-'-'^ "  ^!^::z''Z'z 

"f  n.eir  rir,.,    T„  ,     ''"■'■""  "'"  ''"Hut  (■„,„,       '-'  "'""'  ►""■ 

<'"c.,,„|»,l  w|,,,„  ,,      "''  '"''"'"  "I,™,,,,,,,,,,,,,,  '""'"'  "l"(f". 

v'-'-ni  n,:;: ;:;:::;';"''''  -  ».-i-y  <';:..";';;;;;,  ■«'  '■■"' 

:'">•  —  ■■■" .p..,i  to  n ;,";;' "  ""■' ".p..  ,,;^ ':;'■■■• 


f 


ll     >i' 


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Thursday,  12t.h.  — Mnroli'd  of  tliis  morniny:  7  oCIock,  had  the 
.ndvauood  Guard  to  (hiy  proenedod  down  tlio  West  side  of  the 
river  as  usual,  13  Miles  canui  to  a  Small  Scotch  Settlenu'ut 
called  Alhout  on  the  other  si<le  of  the  River  5  Miles  from  Uuiu- 
<lilla,  which  we  burnt  but  the  people  had  {fono  to  the  Enemy 
this  last  Spriuff  went  on  to  Unitidilla  Crossed  \\m  River  to  the 
East  side  and  encanipeil,  the  River  was  about  niiddit?  deep 
when  we  waded  it— This  settlement  was  destroyed  by  our  ile- 
taohment  last  fall  excepting;  one  house  which  belouf^ed  to  one 
Cflasford  who  went  to  the  enemy  this  spriufj,  his  house  was 
Imediately  burnt,  when  we  came  on  the  tjrouiid  to  day,  we 
passed  several  old  Indian  encam[>ts.  where  i  he  encamped  when 
thetlestroy'd  dherry  Valley  the  Road  midlin{{  hilly. 

Friday  llUh.— This  mornin^^  v«'ry  fofjfjy  and  a  !^r«>at  deal  of 
dew — Marchetl  of  (i  oClock  went  2  IMiles  wjided  the  River  about 
3  foot  deep  proceeded  on  to  Coiuhunto  a  small  Indian  town 
that  was,  but  was  Destroyed  by  our  detachment  last  fall  its 
14  Miles  from  ITninddla.  A  little  beUnv  this  town  there  is  ',\  or 
four  Islands  in  the  River  where  the  Indians  Raised  their  Corn 
on  one  of  those  Islands  our  trooi)9  enoaniped  with  the  boats  & 
Cattle  the  li^jht  Infantry  went  3  IMiles  from  (!oniliunto  where 
they  encamped  a  little  after  [)  oClock  in  the  woods  Middle 
good  Road  to  day. 

Saturday  14th.  —  Marcheil  this  morninj^  at  8  oClock  verj'  hilly 
road  for  the  Rijjht  Hank  arrived  at  the  f<irdinjj  2  Miles  from 
Onoquaj^a  a,bout  3  ot'lock  which  is  H  Miles  from  where  we 
started,  the  ford  beinji;  too  deep  to  wade  crossed  in  our  I?oats 
to  the  East  side  went  over  a  high  hill  and  gt)t  ()nt)qnaga  at  3 
oClock  where  we  encamped  on  very  pretty  ground.  This  town 
was  one  of  the  Neatest  of  the  Indian  towns  on  the  Susque- 
hana,  it  was  built  on  I'ach  side  of  the  River  with  good  IjOg 
houses  with  Stone  Chinnieys  and  glass  windows  it  likewise 
had  a.  (church  &  burying  ground  and  a  great  number  of  apple 
trees  and  we  likewise  saw  the  Ruins  of  an  Old  Fort  which 
formerly  was  here  many  years  ago.  The  Indians  a,ba.ndoned 
this  town  last  fall  when  they  heard  of  our  Detatdiment  com- 
ing to  l>estri>y  it,  they  had  but  just  left  it  when  we  canu>  in  it 
but  we  did  not  catch  any  of  them  l>ut  burnt  their  town  toashes 
and  the  Detachment  Returned.  This  evening  we  flred  an  even- 
ing gun. 

Sunday  Mtli.  — Very  heavy  dew  this  mortdng  went  on  Cfiuird 
the  Arm\  Remain  at  Onixpuigo  to  day.cpiiet  no  news  Stirring 
as  I  hear  of  particular. 

Monday  Kith.  —This  morning  a  very  heavy  Dtnv  &  fog  which 
is  very  customary  in  this  <'oinitry,  was  relieved  of  my  Ouanl 
and    the  day  proviul    Exceeding  warm  to  day,  a  heavy  shower 


OI^PER^RMHRfH 


JULY  3J.  1779 


LIGHT  TROOP5  COMM/1NPEC7  BY 
GEN»-     H/INP 


I 


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ir*  XT' 

kJ  _,,,    ,    ^  UJ 


I  _    _   _ 


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Z      u 

u    »- 


CLINTON5    BRIG/IPE 


If!' 


»/  m/n  .„,«  „„„„„„„  ^^  '^"'^  «IX  NATIONS        23, 

evaded  the  riv         ,"  ^'"^"^  '^v  our  7)..     ,    ""  ""^  *^'«  TusKn 

ii^'«  -'- - 1:;  n:^  ^^^^  '^-^^^^twS  '^"  ^^"'  ^'- 

«••  13  Miles  ca,,neto   /^'■"'^'''^••'•^^«  monnt  J    ^^' '""  '^"''"n 
consisting,  of  5  o.   si'  T''^"''^^'-^  S^'ttirel,     T  ^'^""^'"V  ^^J 

i^ouses,  l.e,e  they  h'    ,       °*  ^''«  Settle,nent7ff  *''^"«'-«<^  ea- 

«ncan.pi„,.  ground    "if  "  '^^  ^^-'''i^  ia  fTon    of      "  ^'"^^^^«-^« 

^»  a  tanning  wl  «,    h      '"'^'^  ^^  ^^"^'^t  farm  "If  ""''  '^°"'J'y«- 

covered  a  JittJe      «'        ^^  ^"'^''«'-«  Ifot  &  "  In       ,  "'''^^'''^  "^^^-^ 

'^-t  thrown  ove."  .tn";  V"^^  ^^^^-''  --  J   •  ft/'"  "  ^'^^'^  ^'-- 

,«"^«'-^l  but  he  wa     "    ""i^  *«  «over  ])im,    ve  ]  1^?- '  ^  '"^  ''^^'« 

'»«  was  a  White  ,  n  an  "  ^^"^'''tled,  we  couJ,  JjJ  ;/       "  ^'""'''^   "«- 

1-^  Miles.  '*''"^«^'  i^onnet  found  near  h     '"       ''  '^'^"^^  '"^n 

VVenschtv  J8-Ma,.,     ,  ^"'"-"^^^'ched  to  day 

"»«    Kich^onnt!         '''^"''^''"'"Ingaren-    n, 

f-'<'-l  it  about  4te?  T  "■""'^'"  «'--•  a         opT?  '^"^--'. 
J>«na   but  not  so /l  ^'^^  "^  '^'"'ost  as  w,  ,        '"'^'^  ^^i^^'-e  Wo 

^-jor  Parr  wi  ,^  to'  '"   ^^"''"  -  -e  iToy    "'    ^'"  «"«q»«- 

7'"e  there  we    fo„    d\  "^'   ^"«   "I>  the  Ril,,  ''f'^^^  ^^'^ 
^'>""t  20  l,ouses    1 1  *"  *°^»  w««  burnt  w,.    "*  ^^'''^^  «'« 

W'-nter  tl,ev  de4  -ovT'  ''^'""  ^'»«   Ind  a       J     "'  "^^^'^''^^^'J  "f 
'^'•"'^'-•-^^.S'^*^"'^/'•-•eforeu:'^^,^;'^^  it  last 

thfi  l„,s  „f ,,  ^;''".  "    "n,l  1„.„  „.,  '    "'<>  up  f,>  Slw„,„n,, 

'» s.„„i, 8,<i.'  :„■;'■'' """  »>-  mo  . ::,  «;"";■" .h 

Tlmrailav  l<Jfl,_iir         ^      ''''''  ™«flB  wlii,.p,  "'""-tilings 

*'>"..  we  b„r,       ;'.''";""»''  ""■»  ■"".■Mi,  I-  ;  ,  ^ ?'";  I"">I"»  BO,." 

tile  River,  4 


334 


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N  :^'Su 


\ 


'  '\ 


i;;:;^ ..." 

■l  I  .* 


!       .. 


Miles  farther  at  the  Chugguuts  we  fell  in  with  Genl.  Poors 
uriuy  who  wiis  ready  to  march,  they  had  Burnt  this  Settle- 
ment which  lies  on  the  East  side  of  the  River  about  20  hoiu'es 
made  no  halt  Ikm-h  hut  went  on  4  Mile  Genl.  ('lintons  Army  in 
front  &  Genl.  I'oors  in  the  rear,  came  to  a  Midlin^^  large  Creek 
where  we  made  a  halt  for  one  hour  then  marched  on  12  Miles 
without  halting  &  arrived  at  Owego  about  sun  Down  after  a 
very  fatiguing  march  of  22  Miles,  this  afternoon  fell  a  Small 
Shower  of  Rain. 

Friday  20— Raiiid  a  little  last  night  and  Succesively  all  this 
Day  therefore  did  not  move:  went  a  party  down  to  Owego 
town  which  lies  one  mile  lower  down  and  burnt  it  consisted  of 
about  20  houses. 

Saturday  21st.  —  Clear  weather  this  morning  hut  a  very  heavy 
fog,  marched  of  a  little  after  7  oClock  forded  Owego  Creek 
which  is  reckoned  one  third  of  the  Susquehana  at  this  place,  it 
was  about  three  feet  Deep  &  about  50  Yards  Wide  went  thro' 
the  ruins  of  Owego  town  crossed  a  pretty  large  brook  went  12 
Miles  halted  at  a  Small  brook  one  hour  for. refreshment. 
Proceeded  on  3  Mi  to  further  when  we  encamped  at  4  oClock 
Opposite  Fitzgei'ulds  farm  in  the  woods  it  a  very  fine  farm  Init 
no  house  on  it  nor  any  body  living  on  it  On  this  ground  where 
we  encamped  Mr.  Sawyers  a  Man  who  was  made  prisoner  by 
Indians  Along  with  his  Neighbor  Mr.  Cowley  Avho  both  lived 
on  the  head  of  the  J)eleware.  After  the  Indians  having  them 
so  far  on  their  Journey  they  rose  in  the  Night  killed  the  In- 
dians which  was  3  or  4  &  made  their  Escape,  we  saw  the  bones 
of  the  Indians.  Since  we  came  on  the  ground  to  day  we  met 
with  a  bad  Accident,  two  of  our  Boats  of  Amunltion  over  set 
in  the  River  &  Danuiged  a,  good  many  boxes  of  Catridges  &  a 
few  Ca'^ks  of  Powder  — to  Night  went  on  Guard. 

Sunday  22d.— Marched  of  this  morning  7  oClock,  proceeded 
on  crossed  to  midliag  large  brooks  Arrived  at  Tyoga  11 
oClock  where  we  fomul  (rerd.  Hands  Brigade  encamped  one 
Mile  above  the  mouth  of  the  Tioga  where  the  was  building  4 
Block  houses  they  other  troops  was  encamped  on  the  point 
which  was  (renls.  Poors  «fc  INIaxwells  Brigades  we  encamped  on 
the  Right  of  the  whole,  on  our  coming  in  to  Camp  we  was  sa- 
luted by  i;5  Pieces  of  Cannon  which  was  Returned  by  our  two 
little  pieces,  on  the  River  w«!  found  Genl.  Hands  Brigade  under 
arms  with  a  Band  of  !Musi(!k  wliich  played  lieautiful  as  we 
passed  by  them  we  encamped  on  a.  verv  pretty  piece  of  ground 
and  Spent  the  Remainder  of  the  day  in  seeing  our  friends  in 
the  Different  Regts. ,  likewise  when  we  arrived  liere  our  In- 
fantry wc^  Disbanded  &  ordered  to  join  their  Respective 
Regts. ,  very  heavy  Showers  of  Rain  this  afternoon  Marched  7 
Miles  to  day. 


RXPEDITIOX  AGAI.VST  THF  ^rv  .^ 


Monday  2,,,      .^   ,  ""  "-  ^> Aiioxs.        2,, 

tow.,    &  the.-,.  I?        ■'■''''  ♦"  Sllninoii.-  ,vl,er„  ,,       ,       '"  "S" 

'•^t  Ha  qZ    ,        '  ^  ^'^^-'''••i  iJ'at  three  Onei  i  .  t    \       '""'^^  t^« 
■iiiursclay  20  — Tiijy 

p  ;  •"  (,'.>ocl  ground  but  wool  ''"^  *'^'^  "^°"tJ'  of  Tvo! ', 

;-vin,uneof;u;S:^r':^;;;i-o.w,,  3,^,,^^,^ 

"o'tiu^- fountains,  ,.oad«, 


!  I 


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II 


2m 


HKATTY'S  JO  [J  UN  M.. 


I)eni«>H  \«— Murduul  this  Day  «l  Mili'H  within  ajSIilesof  81i<»- 
moiiK  wiiero  they  luul  plaattMl  ii  jjrt'ut  doul  of  (Jorii  hfiiiits  Ato 
"wliicrli  wo  fcustod  v«M-y  luturtily  on,  ilu'rr  wiis  KHvenil  IndiuiiM 
Kiiw  on  our  March  to  day,  hut  thi'y  jnu<h(  tlioir  »!s«h|>«,  likowi.so 
Major  i'arr  wlio  was  Advanced  witli  Iht^  Kill*!  umii  Haw  a  nuni- 
her  of  fires  6  or  0  niilo  a  h«Mid  which  lio  siippoHtHl  tho  Indians 
was  at.     went,  on  (fnard  to  id^ht. 

Satnrchiy,  iJ8th.  Very  heavy  Dew  this  morning  did  not  move 
today  till  'J  oClock  occasi<iTied  l)y  our  Aninnition  wajj^gons  l)reii- 
in{5  Yoslorday  &  had  to  mend  them  bt'foro  wo  started.  Just  n,s 
tho  (leni.  beat  th«ira  was  a  f<'w  of  our  Vohinteors  went  across 
tho  river  to  burn  a  house  they  was  tired  on  by  G  or  7  Indians, 
they  iniediately  recrossetl  llie  river  in  a  fright  witliout  even 
returniiif^a  81iot  Tlie  Artillery  J^ick  horses  &  Some  troops 
crossed  tlio  river  hero  to  escapo  a  very  large  hill  wliich  tliere 
was  to  cross  and  crossed  at  Sliainong  wliero  tho  army  encamped 
2  Miles  from  where  wo  canjo  from  to  day  this  town  was  very 
beautifully  Sitnate<l  on  tho  bank  of  the  Tyoga  but  a  good  deal 
Scattered  tho  land  Kxcellent  il  lies  near  a  West  course  from 
Fort  Sullivan  but  a  little  to  the  North  of  West,  it  \vji,s  burnt 
by  Genl.  Sullivans  army  Just  after  their  Arrival  at  Tyoga 
which  I  before  Mentioned. 

Siniday,  29th. —Marched  this  morning  0  oClock,  went  about 
r5   jMilt^  when  we  found   tho   Enemy  strongly  Entrenched  with 
Logs   Dirt  brush  &c  tlie  firing  Imidiately  begun  in  front  with 
tho  Rifle  Corp  &  the  Indians  nuide  great  hulooing,  orders  was 
given  then  for  tho  troops  to  form  in  lino  of   battle  which  was 
done.     Genl.  Hands  brigade  in  front   but  none  of  the  troops 
advancetl    as  we  discovered  the  nuiin  body  of  tho  Enemy  was 
here  and  had  their  front  secured  by  a  large  Morass  &  brook, 
their  right  by  tho  River  &  on  their  left  partly  in  the   rear  was 
a  very  large   hill,  their  lines  extended  upwards  of  aMilo  the 
tiring  was  kept  ui)  very  briskly  by  the  Rillo  men  &  a  company 
who  was  sent  to  reinforce  them,  likewise  the  Indians  roturne*! 
the  lire  very  brisk  with  many  shouts  for   about  2  liours  wb'l  • 
a  disposition  was  Huido  for  to  attack  them.     Genl.  T'linto 
Poors    brigades  was  sent  of  round  their  left  llanl 
session  of  tho  hill  in  the  Enemys  rear  and  extend 
tirely  round  them  if  Possible,     after  the  had  goi       ibout  1     if 
an  hour  Genl.  Hands    brigade   advanced   in   a    line  of   b.-ittle 
with  ail  our  Artillery  in  tlu*  Centre  within  about  300  Var    i  <if 
the  Enemys  works  but  in  full  View  of  them  a  very  heavy  cnn- 
onade  began  &  throwing  of  Shells  the  enemy  returned  the  fire 
very  brisk  for  al)out  lialf  an  hour  when  the   Enemy  retreated 
up  the  hill  in  a  great  Disordered  as  the  got  near  the    top  re- 
ceived a  very  heavy  lire  from  Genl.  Poors  brigade:  the  enemy 


-OI^DEI^ofBTITTLE 

DIRECTED  By  GENERAL  SULLIVAN 


LIGHT  CORPS COMM/1N PEP  BY 
GENCR/IL    H/INO 


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EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


237 


then  took  round  Genl.  Poors  right  flank  by  the  river  which 
Genl.  Poors  had  not  guarded  as  he  had  not  time  to,  therefore 
they  made  their  Escape  leaving  a  number  of  their  dead  beliind 
them.  As  soon  as  tlie  Enemy  left  their  works  Genl.  Hands 
brigad  pursued  them  up  the  hill.as'far  as  where  Genl.  Poor  was 
when  we  made  a  halt,  the  rifle  men  pursued  them  about  one 
Mile  farther  and  made  a  Negro  prisoner,  likewise  saw  some  of 
their  wounded  going  up  the  riv^er  in  Canoes  they  fired  on 
them  but  the  All  made  their  Escape  wounded  and  all.  Tlie 
Army  then  returned  down  the  hill  &  encamped  about  2  Mile 
above  the  Enemys  works,  our  '.oss  about  40  killed  &  wounded 
among  which  is  three  Officers  one  of  which  is  since  i)ead, 
their  loss  cannot  be  ascertained  as  they  all  carry  their  dead  & 
wounded  of,  but  there  was  10  or  12  Scalps  taken  which  was 
killed  by  Genl.  Poors  brigade  on  the  hill,  likewise  made  one 
wliite  man  prisoner  &  one  Negr-  who  informed  us  that  their 
force  was  about  400  Indians  and  300  Tories  their  chief  com- 
mander Old  Butler,  other  officers  Young  Butler,  Brant  &  Mc- 
Donald the  others  Indian  Chiefs,  tip  tlie  brook  abou  t  on«j  ]\Iile 
from  where  the  Indians  had  their  works  was  a  New  Indian 
town  rnidling  large  but  poorly  built,  which  was  burnt  by  Genl. 
Clintons  Brigade  tlie  most  all  Hutts.  The  Enemy  left  very 
little  plunder  behind  but  had  Genl.  Poor  had  a  little  more  time 
to  extend  his  Army  round  their  rear  to  the  river  they  would 
undoubtedly  all  been  made  Prisoners,  or  our  Victory  been 
a  great  deal  more  compleat,  but  it  i«  genei'ally  believed  the 
Enemys  loss  is  very  considerable — 

Monday,  30th. — Raind  a  little  last  night  and  partly  all  this 
day  by  Showers  near  half  the  Army  out  to  day  cutting  up 
Corn  which  is  in  great  Abundance  here  ;  the  party  out  of  our 
Brigade  went  over  the  River  where  the  corn  Chiefly  grows, 
went  up  the  River  about  2  Miles  then  took  up  a  large  branch 
of  the  River  (which  bears  near  S.  W. )  one  Mile  V)urnt  5  houses 
and  destroyed  all  the  corn  in  our  way.  Our  Brigade  Destroyi^l 
about  loO  Acres  of  the  best  corn  that  Ever  I  saw  (some  of  the 
Stalks  grew  1(5  feet  high)  besides  gnuit  Quantities  of  Beans, 
Potatoes,  Pumpkins,  Cucumbers,  Squashes  &  NVatermelloii  s 
and  the  Enemy  looking  at  us  from  the  liills  but  di(i  not  lire 
on  us.  The  Army  lay  on  this  ground  all  day  and  draw'd  16 
Days  flower  and  the  Army  was  put  on  half,  allowance  of  i)ro- 
vi8i(m  which  the  men  submitted  to  Avith  a  great  deal  of  cheer- 
fullness. 

Tu<*sday,  31st. — This  morning  all  the  boats  was  sent  down 
the  River  likewise  in  the  boats  the  Amnnition  waggons  &  all 
the  .Vrtillery  excepting  four  three  Pounders  and  u  little  Tow 
horn  the  wounded  &  sick  went  down  among  which  was  Capt. 


i 


238 


BEATTY'S  JOURNAL 


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Tuda  which  was  very  sick ;  the  Army  moved  this  morning  9 
oClock  fair  weatlier  proceeded  on  to  Newtown  wliieh  consists 
of  between  20  &  30  houses  very  well  built  but  very  much  scat- 
tered ;  halted  at  the  Upper  end  of  the  town  G  Miles  from  where 
we  encamp  d  for  refreshment  by  a  large  Creek  which  empties 
it  self  in  the  River  here  &  runs  about  N:  W:  here  the  Rifle 
men  was  Detached  Col.  Daytons  Regt.  &  a  company  from  our 
Regt.  up  the  River  to  take  some  boats  that  was  reported  was 
seen  in  the  River  we  went  up  the  River  about  7  Miles  saw  no 
Boats  nor  no  sign  of  any  &  night  coming  on  we  turned  about 
x-eturned  one  Mile  down  the  River  and  lay  in  a  Corn  field  all 
Night;  the  Army  left  the  River  and  went  about  aN:  W : 
coui'se  up  the  Creek  I  mentioned  al  out  5  Mile  where  we  en- 
camped, midling  good  road  for  the  Artillery  to  day  and  a  very 
good  path. 

Wensday,  September  1st. — lay  very  bad  last  night  without 
any  Blanket  or  Provision  but  roasted  Corn,  we  Arose  about 
Day  break  &  Destroyed  the  field  of  Corn  marched  of  about 
sunrise  down  the  river  one  Mile  &  a  half  where  we  destroyed 
another  field  of  corn,  then  Struck  of  a  North  course  thi-o'  the 
woods  till  we  came  on  the  path  of  the  Army  proceeded  on  and 
came  to  where  the  Army  was  encamped  all  Night,  after  march- 
ing about  7  Miles  found  the  rear  of  the  Army  Just  a  moving 
of  the  ground  kept  on  marching  till  we  over  took  the  Army 
about  ri  oClock,  when  each  corps  fell  into  their  Respective 
places  in  their  Hue  of  March  with  the  Army  and  went  round 
the  head  of  the  Creek  proceeded  on  over  mountains,  crossed 
some  small  branches  of  the  Senaca  waters  then  fell  on  pretty 
large  (Jreek  which  emi)ties  into  Tyoga  Lake  runs  North  course  ; 
went  down  this  creek  and  crossed  it  9  times  jis  the  Valley  was 
very  Narrow  ;  at  Dark  we  arrived  within  ^  Mile  of  Katnrina 
town  or  Cathrines  town  whens  we  made  a  halt  got  our  troops 
in  good  order  as  wa  exjjected  the  Enemy  was  yet  in  the  town 
for  we  heard  the  Dogs  bark  &  saw  fires,  but  we  jirooeeded  into 
the  town  without  any  interuption  but  very  dark  crossed  the 
creek  again  to  tli<(  East  side  and  encainpd,  pulled  down  the 
houses  for  firewood  in  what  situation  the  town  lay  in  we  could 
not  see;  the  Soldiers  catched  2  or  3  horses  a  cow  or  two  some 
Calves  (fc  hogs  and  some  trllles  of  other  plunder  the  troops  all 
oncamp'd  ]uM'e  excepting  Uenl.  Clintons  Brigade  who  lay 
about  3  Mile  from  here  in  the  r(!ar  of  all  the  Pack  horses— tlie 
Army  marched  13  Miles  to  day. 

Thursday  3d  This  morning  rose  up  and  found  our  Brigade 
lying  in  Hit*  lower  part  of  the  town  which  consisted  of  between 
30  &  '10  houses  on  each  side  of  the  river  very  well  built  and  on 
good   land  and  midling  coiupa,ct ;  we  burnt  the  chief  of   the 


EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS.        239 


houses  last  nif^ht  for  firewood  the  Pack  horses  began  to  come 
up  &  some  of  tlieni  hail  lost  a  great  deal  of  i)rovision  &  some 
horses  was  killed  on  the  Road  with  fatigtie  of  Yesterdays  march 
this  morning  a  very  aged  Squaw  was  found  in  a  Corn  held 
who  was  not  able  to  get  of  with  Age  she  was  brought  in  and 
She  told  us  that  the  warriors  had  stayed  in  the  town  till  Near 
night  before  they  went  away  likewise  told  us  that  a  great  many 
Squaws  &  Children  was  over  a  hill  somewhere  near  Seneca 
lake  4  or  5  Mile  of  in  consequence  of  which  Col.  Kutler  with  a 
Detachment  of  ;>  or  400  Men  and  the  Cohorn  Avent  of  about  13 
oClock  in  pursuit  of  them  a,nd  returned  in  the  evening  with 
[out]  seeing  anything  of  them  there  was  another  Squaw  found 
in  the  woods  who  pretended  she  was  lame  &  the  Soldier  came 
home  to  get  some  others  to  help  fetch  her  in  &  when  they  re- 
turned the  Squaw  had  hid  away  &  the  could  not  find  her :  the 
old  Squaw  after  She  was  examined  at  Hd.  Quarters  they  was 
going  to  send  her  to  the  Indians  but  she  was  so  old  she  could 
not  ride,  from  her  looks  and  what  we  could  learn  she  must  be 
I  think  above  120  y(.>ars  old,  Our  Indians  built  a  house  for 
her  &  we  Crave  her  provision  &  left  her.  This  Day  we  Spent 
here  in  i-efreshing  our  Men  and  getting  up  our  provision  but 
a  great  deal  was  lost,  likewise  Gen.  Clintons  l^rigado  came  in 
about  13  o(]lock  this  town  lies  on  what  the  Call  Seneca  Creek. 

Friday  ikl.  —Marched  this  morning  8  oClock  left  the  Seneca 
Creek  a  little  on  our  left  and  in  about  >i  Mile  came  to  the  head 
of  the  Seneca  Lake  which  is  a  very  pretty  Lake  they  tell  me  it 
is  i^  Mile  wide  and  about  30  Mile  long,  we  kept  on  the  East  side 
of  the  liake  tfc  great  ])art  of  the  time  had  a  pretty  view  of  it 
from  the  hills  and  keep  near  it  all  the  way — marched  12  I\lile 
and  encatui)ed  about  4  oClock  past  over  3  brooks  to  day  runn- 
ing into  the  lake  midling  liivge  the  Urst  was  a  beautiful  brook 
falling  down  the  hill  from  rock  to  rock  from  great  higlits  the 
other  two  was  near  togather,  most  part  of  the  land  to  day  was 
Excellent  w(!  passed  over  ;  an  Indian  was  seen  by  f)ur  Advanced 
Guard  to  day  but  made  his  Kscape  about  one  Mile  in  front 
of  our  Camj)  was  a  houst^  the  Indians  had  Just  left  &  left  their 
kettles  on  the  fire  boiling  Wne  Corn  &  beans  which  we  got  but 
what  is  most  rnmarkablc  the  corn  was  all  ])urpl»!--  canu*  North 
course  to  day  -  great  many  large  rattlesnakes  was  killed  toda.>-. 

Saturday  4th. --Ih>cd,  orders  last  night  t<>  nuirch  today.") 
oClock  without  the  usual  Signals  of  (hms  tiring  but  it  Raind 
last  night  &  a,  litth*  this  morning  which  preventj^l  our  nuirch- 
ing  till  lOot'lock  when  we  Struck  tents  and  nuirched  kcM'jting 
tint  Laktt  Just  on  our  left,  nuirche<l  13  Miles  &  encarupd  on  a 
Small  brook  at  Dark  within  site  of  the  lake;  <'mui<>  near  a 
North  course  but  most  Part  to  the  East  and  last  3  Mile  to  the 


IS   ' 


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240 


BEATTY'S  JOURNAL. 


West ;  Destroyed  several  Indinn  houses  ic  Corn  fields  to  day 
on  our  march,  jjassed  4  Urooks  '.i  of  which  was  within  3  Mile  of 
where  we  Started  Extraordinary  fine  land  we  came  over  to  day 
went  on  Guard  to  night. 

Sunday,  5th.— Had  a  very  Disagreeable  guard  last  night 
unloading  Packs  till  near  11  oClock.  Very  fine  day  Vmt  did 
not  march  till  10  oClock  as  we  was  2  or  3  Mile  in  front  of  the 
Army  &  all  our  Pack  horses  aid  not  come  till  this  morning 
nrirched  to  Kandaia  two  or  3  Mile  Destroying  two  houses  and 
3  corn  fields  on  our  March.  The  Rifle  men  on  entringthe  town 
retook  one  of  our  Prisoners  who  was  taken  at  Wyoming  last 
summer  who  informetl  us  that  the  Indians  left  this  place 
Thursday  and  he  thinks  there  was  about  1000  &  he  heard  them 
say  they  intended  to  fight  us  at  the  next  town.  Just  after  they 
had  taken  him  they  was  fired  on  by  an  Indian  who  knocked 
a  Stick  out  of  one  [of]  their  hands  with  the  bullet  but  he  made 
his  escape  without  receiving  a  Shot.  This  town  is  very  well 
built  chiefly  sqr  and  Logs  and  midling  compact  got  a  great 
deal  of  Corn  &  beans  here  for  the  Army  to  eat,  we  encamped 
here  about  1  oClock  &  chief  of  the  houses  was  pulled  down  for 
firewood.  Came  over  very  good  land  to  day  Course  North 
West  by  North  near  tin*  ln,ke  all  the  way. 

Monday,  Oth.  — Last  night  the  whole  Army  Discharged  their 
Pieces.  This  morning  went  very  early  round  to  see  the  Situa- 
tion of  the  place  the  houses  was  chiefly  all  pulled  down  for  lire- 
wood  the  Appletrees  wiii(!h  is  a  good  number  &  very  old  was 
either  cut  down  or  killd,  likewis*;  the  peach  trees  but  there 
were  not  many  oi  them  ;  among  number  of  other  Curiosities 
I  went  to  see  their  burying  ground  which  some  of  the  graves 
is  very  curious,  on(»  in  particular  which  I  believe  was  some 
Chief  or  great  man  &  was  buryed  in  this  manner ;  the  body 
was  laid  on  the  surface  of  the  earth  in  a  Shroud  or  Garment, 
then  a  large  Casement  made  very  neat  with  V)ords  something 
larger  than  the  body  &  about  4  foot  high  put  over  the  body  as 
it  lay  on  tlu*  earth  and  the  outside  &  toi)  was  painted  very 
curious  with  great  many  Coiil  'i  rs,  in  each  end  of  the  Casement 
was  a  small  hole  where  the  friends  of  the  Deceased  or  any  body 
might  see  the  corps  wh<n  they  pleased,  then  over  all  was  built 
a  largt!  shed  of  bark  so  as  to  prevent  the  rain  from  coming 
Oil  the  Vault,  the  chiefs  of  the  [mss.  torn]  in  the  manner  I  de- 
scribed before.  The  town  dont  lay  quite  on  the  banks  of  the 
lake  but  about  S  IMile  from  it  on  a  very  pretty  plain  &  about 
20  houses  named  Kandaia  &  a  small  brook  running  thro  it  ; 
Orders  came  out  for  a  Regt.  from  every  Brigade  to  go  3  or  4 
Mile  in  front  of  their  Ibigades  in  si  .irch  of  Pack  liorses  and 
Cattle  as  there  was  a  great  number  run  of  last  night  'rom  the 


EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS.        241 

firing  &  got  straggled  away  but  I  believe  Chief  of  them  was 
found  after  a  long  hunt  which  prevented  the  Army  from  march- 
ing till  between  3  &  3  oClock  when  we  marched  'S  Mile  and  en- 
camped close  along  the  edge  of  the  lake  in  a  Beautiful  situa- 
tion and  opposite  to  us  on  the  West  side  of  the  Lake  we  could 
perceive  a  small  Indian  town  but  the  Name  I  dont  know. 
This  Evening  came  up  4  or  5  Pack  horse  Men  which  lost  them- 
selves "Yesterday  and  told  us  that  Yesterday  they  took  the 
wrong  path  and  went  on  till  near  night  when  they  came  to  a 
Small  Indian  town  on  the  Cauga  I-ako  which  the  Indians  had 
Abandoned,  there  they  found  there  Mistake  &  came  to  us 
as  soon  as  Possible  after  V)urning  the  houses  they  got  likewise 
a  very  line  horse  and  a  great  nnmljer  of  Peaches  &  Apples 
which  they  brought  to  Camp.  There  was  a  Express  Arrived 
from  Tyoga  before  we  left  Kandaia  and  brought  letters  and 
News  wld<!h  Informed  us  that  Congress  had  passed  a  resolve 
to  allow  the  Officers  100  Dollars  for  each  Retained  Ration  hi 
lieu  of  10  which  they  formerly  had  ;  likewise  that  the  soldiers 
Pay  was  raised. 

Tuesday  7th. —marched  this  morning  7  oClock  thro  a  very 
line  level  Country  as  Usual  and  the  same  cours(>  as  formerly 
about  North  for  near  nine  Mile  when  we  came  n<'ar  the  foot 
of  the  lake  and  outlett  which  I  understand  empties  into  Cauga 
Lake,  hero  we  halted  as  we  expected  the  Enemy  to  Attack  us 
and  reconoitered  the  Ground  very  well  before  we  proceeded 
but  found  no  enemy  there,  we  had  to  (He  olV  from  our  left  and 
keep  Close  on  the  Danks  of  the  lake  Occasione<l  by  a  bad  Marsh 
which  was  on  our  right  liivewise  to  cross  the  fording  of  the 
Outlett  which  is  al)out  20  Yards  wide— but  JMIdling  deej)  & 
Rapid  after  we  Crossed  keep  near  West  Corner  along  the  Deach 
of  the  Lake  for  near  a  nule,  where  we  foutid  our  ('olums  but 
soon  finding  a  marsh  in  our  front  had  .•ij^nin  to  lile  off  from 
our  left  &  nuirch  again  along  on  the  Ucacli  for  about  1  Mile 
when  we  again  got  in  to  our  former  position  in  Columsand 
then  waited  till  the  Army  had  time  to  Cross  and  came  up  when 
we  marched  on  a  little  way  &  came  to  another  marsh  in  front 
which  pr(!V(>nted  our  marching  any  longer  in  Colums  we  again 
filed  of  to  th((  left  and  inarched  along  t  he  Deach  till  we  |ca,me|  to 
Butlers  building  which  is  two  or  thn^e  houses  on  tlu^  banks  ol' 
the  Lake  in  a  vtn-y  beautiful  Situation  here  we  again  form4Ml 
Colums  and  marched  thro  a,  (%)rn  Held  near  where  Ih*^  Men 
ha,d  orders  to  pluck  Corn  as  they  marched  thro  which  the  did; 
wt!  then  proceeded  on  towards  the  town  near  S.  W.  ('ourse  but 
our  (ruides  being  very  bad  the  whole  .Vrmy  Got  into  Ihe  town 
before^  we  did  and  was  near  Dark  before  we  got  in  &  (luite  Dark 
before  wo  encatiiped.  This  is  the  Chief  town  in  the  Seneca 
10-VoL.  XV. 


il   I 


848 


BEATTY'S  JOURNAL. 


I     1 


Nation,  it  lies  about  1^  Mile  from  the  Lake  and  about  a  West 
course,  it  lies  on  a  pretty  level  spot  but  no  good  Stream  of 
"Water  near  it,  only  one  small  Brook  running  thro  it  which  affords 
but  very  little  water,  there  is  about  70  or  80  houses  in  it  and 
built  very  Compact  and  the  chief  of  the  houses  very  good, 
likewise  I  heard  there  was  2  or  3  old  Block  houses  in  it  but  I 
did  not  see  them  as  it  was  Dark  when  we  came  in  and  the  men 
began  Imediately  to  pull  down  the  houses  for  firewood.  I  be- 
lieve the  Indians  liad  left  it  several  Days  as  there  was  not 
much  aj)pearance  of  their  being  here  lately;  on  the  fli'st  en- 
trance of  our  Brigade  a  young  Child  I  believe  about  3  year  old 
found  running  about  the  houses  which  One  of  our  Officers 
l)ickt  up  and  found  it  to  ])e  a  White  Child  but  it  was  so  much 
tand  &  smoaked  that  we  could  hardly  Distinguish  it  from  a 
Indian  Child  and  was  Exceeding  i)oor  scarcely  able  to  walk  it 
could  talk  no  English  noth'g  but  Indian  &  I  believe  but  little 
of  that  the  Officer  took  great  care  of  it  and  Cloathed  it  as  it 
was  naked  when  he  found  it  &  could  give  no  Account  of  itself 
only  said  "his  mamy  was  gone"  The  men  got  very  little  plun- 
der The  men  got  very  little  plunder  (»r  anything  [in]  the  town 
as  the  Indians  had  taken  everything  almost  with  them  the 
Chief  [thing]  the  got  I  beiieve  was  one  or  two  horses  The  name 
of  this  town  is  Kanadasago.     Marched  to  day  13  Miles. 

Kauadasago  Wensday  8th. — This  morning  canu»  out  orders 
that  the  men  was  to  remain  here  all  Day  &  for  the  Men  to  Clean 
their  pieces  likewise  for  all  the  sick  lame  &c  to  return  to  Tyoga 
properly  officered  :  aft.  10  oClock  ISIajor  Parr  with  the  Rifle 
Corps  &  the  Cohoun  was  going  up  the  lake  to  a  little  town 
called  Kushay  to  Destroy  it,  I  with  a  number  of  others  went 
Volunteers  and  got  there  about  18  oClock  found  it  about  8  Miles 
from  Camp  and  the  town  opposite  to  where  we  lay  two  nights 
ago,  the  town  consisted  of  about  15  houses  toleral)le  well  built 
and  all  together  we  got  here  5  horses  and  a  great  number  of 
Potatoes  Apples  l^eaches  cucumbers  watermelons  fowls  «&c  and 
found  a  great  Quantity  of  corn  here  which  we  went  about  to 
Destroy,  after  burning  the  houses,  but  our  party  being  lo 
Small  Major  Parr  sent  for  a  Reinforcement  to  camp  Ave  all  lay 
under  a  bark  hutt  to  Night  or  shed  I  believe  the  Indians  had 
left  it  the  same  time  they  left  Kanadasago  it  lies  on  the  Banks 
of  the  lake  very  prettyly  situated  which  is  4  Mile  wide*  here. 

Thursday  9th.— Kushay,  Last  night  very  hanl  thinider  an«l 
lightning  and  Rain  but  Clenrd  up  toAvards  morning  about  l» 
oClock  th<(  Reinforcement  arrived  consisting  of  200  Men  &  in- 
formed us  the  Army  Avas  going  t<>  march  this  mornitig  the  Vol- 
unteers Imediately.  set  for  camp  leaving  Major  Parr  and  the 
rest  to  Cut  the  corn,  and  Just  as  we  got  to  Kamidasago  about 


EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS.       243 

11  oClock  the  Army  was  Just  a  marching  of  after  Destroying 
all  the  houses  which  remained  &  corn  we  marched  a  West 
course  from  Kanadasago  thro  most  part  [of]  a  IjOw  swamp  en- 
camped about  5  oCJlock  on  a  very  pretty  brook  after  mareliing  7 
Miles;  in  the  evening  Major  Parr  Joined  us  from  Kushay. 

Friday,  10th. — Marched  this  morning  0  oCIook  each  brigade 
was  ordered  to  leave  a  small  Detachment  behind  to  bring  our 
Straggled  horses  &  cattle,  we  marched  thro  a  very  low  swamp 
chiefly  timbered  with  Maple  &  beach  about  5  Mile  when  we 
came  to  upland  pretty  good  great  part  of  it  no  trees  on  but 
great  quantities  of  Wild  Grapes  growing,  3  Mile  farther  we 
came  to  a  Small  lake  called  Kanandaqua  which  is  I  believe 
about  5  Mile  long  &  one  wide  runs  N  :  &  S  :  we  crossed  over  the 
outlett  which  was  about  3  foot  Deep  &  about  20  Yards  wide, 
soon  after  we  came  to  Kanandaqua  town,  which  I  believe  the 
Enemy  had  Just  left  as  the  fire  was  Yet  burning  we  halted  here 
about  an  hour  &  burnt  the  houses  which  was  about  2")  and  very 
Compact  &  Neatly  built  but  no  good  water  near  it  then  the 
Lake,  we  went  about  one  Mihi  farther  to  a,  number  of  cornfields 
and  encampmedal)()ut4  oCIock  came  10  Miles  to  da>  and  about 
N  :  W:  Course,  went  on  Guard  to  Night— Hungry  bellies  and 
hard  Duty  now  Avhich  I  think  we  may  cnll  hard  times  The 
Seneca  lake  I  was  told  by  the  Surveyor  is  .lust  30  Miles  long 
and  t  Mile  wide. 

Saturday  11th. — had  the  provision  Guard  last  night  which 
was  very  Disagreeable,  this  morning  the  troops  marched  at  7 
oClock  went  l)ack  to  the  town  &  took  another  road,  I  remained 
on  tin-  ground  with  my-guard  to  further  on  the  stores  till  11 
oClock  when  I  had  leavt*  seviM-al  Ddxes  of  Amtinition  l>ehin(l 
which.  I  hid,  did  not  overtake  the  Army  till  they  was  encamped 
at  Hanyaye  about  5  oClock  after  marching  14  Miles  near  West 
Course  Some  part  of  the  land  to  day  good  and  some  but  Mid- 
ling  Hanyaye  is  a.  pretty  llttlt*  C'ompact  town  of  0  «)r  10  houses 
lying  near  the  end  of  a  Small  lake  running  near  N  :  &  S  :  and 
about  as  big  as  the  oilier  I^ake  at  Kanandaqua  and  plenty  of 
Corn  &  beans,  when  tht>  Rifle  IMen  entered  the  town  then;  was 
a  few  Indians  Just  made  their  escape  left  their  Packs  &  Dlaii- 
kets  &  potatoes  Roasting  in  the  fire. 

Sunday  12th.— Tlmnder  last  Night  and  Rain  and  this  morn- 
ing it  Raind  till  10  oClock  when  it  cleared  up  and  the  Army 
marched  at  11  leaving  all  the  heavy  Haggage  &  pack  horses 
excepting  a  few  of  the  strongest  which  was  took  on  to  Carry 
spare  Amunltiou  &  some  Provision  &  tents  what  was  left  was 
stored  in  tlie  Indian  hcmses  &'a('apt.  &  oO  Men  left  with  it ; 
the  Army  on  leaving  the  town  crossed  the  outlet  of  the  lake 
which  was  not  very  large  ami  then  formd  their  line  of  March 


344 


BEATTY'S  JOURNAL. 


and  proceeded  on  very  good  land  in  general  and  course  N  :  W 
by  West  5  or  six  Mile  then  to  the  S :  of  West  towanls  evening 
and  encamped  at  J>ark  after  marching  11  Miles— Today  I  heanl 
there  was  an  other  town  &  Corn  Destroyed  on  Kanandaqua 
lake  nearly  as  big  as  Kandaqua  and  2  or  3  Miles  from  it ;  on 
this  days  march  a  party  of  the  fclnemy  kept  just  a  head  of  us  as 
we  could  Discover  their  tracks  very  fi'esh  and  the  water  muddy 
where  they  had  crossetl. 

Monday  13th. —March  this  monring  (i  oCloek  and  a  very 
heavy  Dew  on  the  Grass  and  the  morning  very  Cold,  in  al)out 
one  Miles  marching  came  to  Adjutse  town  lying  near  a  small 
Lake  a  Jittle  to  the  Northward  consisting  of  10  or  l.j  Houses  ; 
here  we  halted  made  fires  &  drew  8  Days  beef,  after  a  little 
time  fatigue  parties  was  sent  out  to  Collect  the  Corn  in  houses 
to  burn  ;  about  10  oC'lock  we  heard  a.  few  Guns  firing  in  front, 
thetroo|)s  was  Imediately  formed  and  marched  over  the  Inlett 
of  the  Lake  a  very  bad  morass  &  Creek  anil  a  large  hill  on  the 
opposite  side  where  we  found  tlut  Indians  who  wrt,s  formed  on 
this  hill  had  fired  on  the  Surveyor  &  his  i)arty  &  had  Mortally 
wounded  one  of  his  men;  the  Rifle  l\[en  Rixshetl  up  the  hill  & 
the  ilnemy  maile  their  Kscipe  soon  as  Pt)ssible  leaving  behind 
them  their  Packs  hatts  Arc  which  tiie  Rifle  men  Got,  our  ]iri- 
gatle  uuirched  up  to  tlie  toi)  of  the  hill  and  formed  the  line  of 
battle  where  we  halted  till  the  Army  would  get  over,  here 
one  of  our  Men  came  in  wounded  who  infornunl  us  that  Lt. 
lioyd  with  his  party  18  RilliMueu  &  8  INIusquet  men  of  our  Regt. 
who  was  sent  last  night  to  reeonoiler  the  next  town  was  intirely 
cut  to  pieces,  a  little  tinu^  after  IMurphy  came  in  who  told  us 
a  very  strait  story  about  it  in  this  manner:  Lt.  Boyd  with  his 
party  went  on  without  any  lnterui)tion  till  he  got  to  the  town 
about  Day  break  when  In;  found  it  Kvaciiated.  he  then  sent 
3  Runners  back  to  inform  the  Genl.  au«l  he  retired  a  little  in 
the  woods  in  sight  of  the  town  concealed  to  try  if  he  could  not 
catch  a  prisoner,  hesoonaftersaw  4Indianscom(>  in  to  the  town 
a  horseback,  he  sent  5  or  (i  Men  to  take  Ihem  or  kill  them  the 
men  flred  on  the  Indians  killd  &  Sculped  one  and  wounded 
another  anil  look  a  horse  saddle  Sr  bridle,  lie  then  sent  of 
two  more  Runners  to  the  Army  but  they  soon  Returnd  to  him 
&  informed  him  they  had  seen  5  Indians  on  the  road,  he  then 
thout  proper  to  return  with  his  party  to  the  Army  which  he 
expected  to  uuH't  very  soon,  he  had  not  gone  far  before  he  fell 
in  with  the  same  Indians  which  he  lii-ed  on.  theyrun  on  before 
him  and  he  pursued  them  Slowly  &  every  once  in  a  while  he 
would  conu'(  in  sight  of  them  and  Are  on  them  &  so  they  kept 
on  till  he  came  to  this  hill  in  front  of  an  camp  about  rj  of  alMile 
where  the   Indians  flred  on  the  Surveyor  when  he  heard  our 


EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THK  SIX  NATIONS.        215 


Drums  iiud  thought  himself  intirely  sufo  but  to  liis  great  dis- 
iippointmeiit  foniul  a  large  party  of  Indians  found  them  be- 
hind trees  lie  Imediately  formed  his  men  for  Action  and  be- 
gan a  very  heavy  Ih-e  which  histed  sonio  time  but  the*  Indians 
whose  number  was  so  far  superior  to  him  surmunded  him  and 
made  prisoners  or  killed  the  whole  excepting  a  few  wliich 
came  in  we  found  4  or  5  of  our  men  on  the  ground  ]")ead  cS: 
sculped  and  it  is  supjjoscd  that  Lt.  IJoyd  was  maiht  prisoner, 
the  Enemy  had  a  inimber  kiiid  as  the  men  that  was  hid  in  the 
l)ushes  saw  the  Indians  carry  a  numbtirof  in  blankets — After 
the  Army  had  got  over  the  Creek  we  marched  on  to  Cossa- 
wauloughly  town  7  Miles;  our  Advance  Guard  just  Jifterthe 
entereil  the  town  saw  some  i'lvc  Indians  we  all  halted  had  our 
Pieces  of  Artillery  drawn  in  front  then  Advanced  but  found 
nol)ody  in  the  town.  Avhen  it  Avas  about  Dark  the  '<>  Pitices  of 
Artillery  was  drawn  up  and  tired  all  together  with  round  shot 
to  scour  the  woods.  This  town  lies  on  a  Branch  of  the  Chenesee 
River  and  consists  of  about  -."i  houses  very  well  built  but  almost 
new.  th(^  hous(>s  was  Chiefly  puHd  down  for  firewood,  (bourse 
N  :  W  :  one  or  t  wo  man  of  Ijt.  Boyds  party  came  in  to  night. 

Tuesday  1 1th.  —The  whole  Army  was  underarms  this  morn- 
ing an  hour  before  Day  &  remained  so  till  sunrise  ;  about  7 
oClock  fatigue  parties  was  sent  out  to  Destroy  Corn  which  was 
therti  in  great  Abundanci!  and  bi-ans,  about  13  oClock  we 
uuirched  crossed  over  the  branch  of  the  Jinasee  Kiver  and  came 
upon  SI  very  beautiful  Hat  of  gr(*at  «v\tent  growing  up  with  wild 
(frass  higher  insoiu»*  places  than  our  heads,  we  mai'ched  on 
this  Hat  2  MiU'  and  ("ro.sseil  they  Jinese»>  River  which  is  ai)out 
as  i)ig  as  the  Tyago  but  very  Crooked,  left  the  Hals  and 
march 'd  tiiro  the  woods  3  ]\IiK'  and  arrived  at  Chenesee  Town 
whidi  is  the  largest  we  have  yet  .seen  ;  it  li(>s  in  a  Crook  of  they 
River  on  extraordinary  good  land  about  70  houses  very  (rom- 
pact  and  very  w(!ll  built  and  about  the  same  numb«»r  of  out. 
houses  in  Cornfields  &(• ;  on  entering  the  town  we  fouiul  the 
i)odyof  lit.  ]ioy<l  and  another  liille  Man  in  a  most  terrilile 
mangled  condition  they  was  both  strii)ped  naked  and  their 
heads  Chit  otT  and  the  llesh  of  I>t.  Boyds  head  was  int irely 
taken  t)f  and  his  tsves  ])unched  out.  the  other  mans  hed  was 
not  there,  they  was  stabed  1  siii)ose  in  10  Difererit  places  in 
the  ]k)dy  with  a  spear  and  great  gashes  cut  in  their  flesh  with 
kniv(>s,  and  Li.  Boyds  Privates  was  nearly  cut  of  iV  hanging 
down,  his  finger  and  To(>  nails  was  bruised  of  and  the  Dogs 
had  eat  part  of  lluiir  Shoulders  away  likewise  a,  knife  was  St  ick- 
iuginJit.  Boyds  body  They  was  imediately  buried  with  the 
honour  of  war. 

Wensda,y  I'lth.— The    whole   Army  went  out    i  hih  niondng  (i 


1^ 


I     "If 


\    I 


240 


bp:atty's  journal. 


t,ll 


\ih  :  :w 


!  *^|  \> 


1 


o(Jlock  to  destroy  corn  unci  was  out  till  13  oClock.  there  was 
]ier<!  the  greatest  quantity  of  ct)ru  &  beans  here  of  any  of  the 
towns  suuje  of  it  we  husketl  and  threw  in  the  River  the  rest 
we  Carried  to  the  houses  &  burnd  the  whole  we  totally  de- 
stroyed, about  10  oClocK  wcj  Reed,  orders  to  begin  our  march 
home  which  we  did  leaving  the  towns  in  ilames.  Today  there 
was  a  white  woman  &  Child  came  into  us  but  I  believe  brought 
no  Inteligenee  of  Consequence— Marched  over  the  Chenesee 
River  and  encamped  after  Dark  on  the  Edge  of  the  fiats  nigh 
to  Cossawauloughly  town. 

Thursday  IGth. — The  whole  army  Avas  out  this  morning  cut- 
ing  corn  which  we  left  as  we  was  going,  our  brigade  crossed 
the  River  to  cut  wliich  we  did  and  I  believe  there  was  a  great 
(Quantity  «lestroyed  and  some  houses  l)urnt,  Marched  of  about 
10  oClock  in  the  fohowing  line  of  March  An  Advance  Guard 
of  100  Men  in  front  Genl.  (Jlintons- brigade  following  in  4  Col- 
umns the  other  troops  marching  as  usiud  (fenl.  Hands  brigade 
fetching  up  the  Rear,  3  Pieces  of  Artillery  in  tlie  i-ear  of  hini 
&  the  Rillo  Men  in  the  rear  of  they  whole,  the  Cohoun  with  the 
A«lvance  Guard -Capt.  Henderson  with  GO  Men  went  in  front 
of  t  he  Army  to  bury  the  Dead  and  Just  as  we  came  up  he  was 
a  going  to  bury  14  Bodies  in  a  most  terrible  mangled  Condi- 
tion they  was  buryed  with  the  honour  of  war— Encamped  to 
night  at  Adjutse. 

Friday  17th.  —Marched  this  morning  sun  rise  and  .a  very  cold 
morning  with  hard  frost  Arrived  at  Hanyaye  loClock  wliere 
we  encamped  found  our  Garrison  all  in  good  order  consisting 
of  i?00  Men  instead  [of]  50  which  I  mentioned  Comanded  by 
Capt.  Cummings,  they  was  encamped  round  the  housti  where 
we  had  left  our  stores  in,  and  the  camp  was  abatted  in,  and 
round  the  house  t\w  had  made  a  small  Fort  of  Kegs  and  Bags 
of  Flower  and  had  three  I'ieces  of  Artillery  in  it  and  the  house 
they  had  made  fidl  of  loop  holes  so  as  to  light  out  of  it  in  Case 
of  Necessity  and  upon  the  whole  I  think  the  was  very  safe— To 
day  we  passed  a  snuiU  Lake  G  INIiles  from  here  lying  on  a  Par- 
allel with  the  rest  called  ('onyradice  and  about  as  Big  I  forgot 
to  mention  this  Lake  on  our  going  we  crossed  the  outlett  of  it 
but  it  was  not  very  large  This  evening  each  man  in  the  Army 
Drew  G  Pound  of  Flower  which  come  very  welcome  as  we  can 
now  sit  down  and  tsat  a  hearty  meals  V'ictiials  with  a  Clear 
conscience,  &  before  on  our  half  allowance  we  Dare  not— 

Saturday  18th.— This  morning  had  to  kill  a  great  nuniber  of 
our  Horses  which  was  not  able  to  carry  packs  nor  even  be  drove 
on  with  the  army  — V»'ry  cold,  nuirch.'d  ToClock  from  Hanyaye 
passed  Kanandaqua  and  waded  the  outlett  of  the  liakeand  en- 
camped a  little  ))efore  8un  down  ( 'lose  on  the  end  of  the  Lake — 


EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS.       247 


On  our  March  to  (lay  2  oi' 3  Oneida  Indians  cainn  tons  from 
Port  Schuyler  and  V)rought  us  the^very  aj^reeable  News  of  New 
York  being  in  our  PosHession  which  is  generally  believed  thro' 
tlio  Army  -A  Number  of  our  Pack  Jiorses  wliicli  was  not  aJ)Ie 
to  go  any  farther  we  Sliot  on  the  roa<l  to  day. 

Sunday  19tli. — Marched  this  morning  8  oCIock  very  much 
trouble  with  pack  liorses  had  toliill  a  number  on  tiie  road, 
about  Dark  Arrived  at  Kanadasago  where  we  encampetl.  To 
day  express  arrived  from  Tioga  who  contradicted  our  late 
agreeable  news  but  brouglit  pai)erri  wliich  Informed  us  tiiat 
Spain  had  Declared  war  with  England — went  on  Guard  to 
Night. 

iMonday20th.  — This  morning  i  saw  the  ruins  of  an  old  Stockade 
Fort  very  large  wliich  the  Indians  had  hero  last  war,  likewise 
I  am  Informed  that  there  was  one  at  Kanandaqua  and  one 
between  this  and  that  on  a  brook — This  morning  a  Dt'tachment 
under  the  Ctimmand  of  Col.  Smith  went  up  the  Kushe  &;  a 
little  above  to  Destroy  some  Corn  thet  was  left  there.  A  dt^- 
tachment  of  York  troops  and  an  oiruH-r  from  each  of  the  York 
Regts.  under  the  i^omd.  of  Col.  (fansevort  was  sent  of  to  Albany 
by  the  way  of  Fort  Schuyler  I  believe  to  bring  on  the  officers 
l)aggago  to  the  Main  Army,  likewise  a  large  Detachment  of  5 
or  (jOO  Men  under  the  comand  of  Col.  Dutler  set  of  about  1 
oClock    i    believe  to   (.Jauga  Lake  to   Destroy  their  Country. 

Col.  Gansevorts  comand  went  with  Col.  Butler,  at  4  oClock 
the  Army  marched  from  Kanaiidasago  cros.sed  the  outlet  of 
the  T.ake&  encamped  after  Dark  ))y  tiie  side  of  the  IjaKe— (Jol. 
Snath  with  his  Detachment  returned  this  evening. 

Tuesday  Slst.—a  Detachment  this  morning  under  the  (yom- 
and  of  Col.  Deerborn  went  to  (Jauga  liake  to  Destroy  some 
small  Settlements  then;  and  C(jrn-  The  Army  marched  this 
morning  7  oChjck  2  Miles  beyond  Kandaie  where  we  encamped 
alxnit  4  oC'lock. 

Wenstlay  22d. — Marched  this  morning  7  oClock  had  a  very 
l)ad  Dellle  in  front  to  pass  which  detaind  us  a  good  whii<;  (mi- 
camped  a  little  before  Sun  down  within  i)  Miles  of  Cathai'ines 
town,  very  cloudy  all  Day. 

Thursday  23tl. —Very  Cold  last  night  but  a  fine  clear  day, 
marched  al)out  7  oClock  arrived  at  Catharines  town  where  we 
Stopd.  about  one  hour  to  refresh,  then  pr«K'eed<Ml  on  !>  Miles  u[) 
the  Narrows  where  we  encami)ed  about  sunset  while  we  Stayed 
in  the  town  wt;  Ixjryed  the  lame  Squaw  which  I  mentioned  on 
our  going,  it  is  supposed  she  was  Shot  by  .some  of  our  men 
likewise  the  Old  Squaw  that  we  left  liere  had  built  or  got 
built  a  neat  little  bark  hutt  where  she  lived,  the  Gen«;ral  or- 
dered to  be  left  her  almost  a  keg  of  llower  and  some  meat 
which  was  done  an«l  I  supposed  she  will  live  in  .splendour. 


248 


BEATTY'S  JOURNAL. 


J  ■ 

lfr:j 

liiiill 

Friday  24th. — Clouday  like  for  rain  this  niorniiif?  march'd 
about  7  oClock  up  the  Seneca  Creeli  very  Hwaiupy  bad  road 
crossed  over  tlio  J)ivi(iintj  ridge  and  caiuo  on  tlio  waters  of  tho 
Susquehana  tliat  is  Spring  Creek  wlii(;li  eiui)ties  itself  into 
Tyoga  a  little  above  Newtown  at  the  mouth  of  this  creek  wo 
arrived  about  4  oClock  where  there  was  a  Small  Garrison  es- 
tablished of  al)out  200  Men  Avho  had  come  up  from  Tyogo  with 
six  days  Provision  for  us,  they  had  erected  a  Small  Hattery 
or  Fort  Just  on  the  point  where  the  lay  with  2  Field  I'ieces 
and  their  Provision  ;  on  our  coming  to  the  i)luce  the  (rarrison 
saluted  us  with  lliirteen  Pieces  of  Canon  which  was  returned 
with  the  same  Number  from  us  and  we  encamped  here,  and 
drew  each  officer  &  soldier  one  Jill  of  Whiskey  after  a  fatigue 
of  near  one  Month  without  a  drop,  likewise  we  drew  full 
allowance  of  13eef  for  the  lh"st  time. 

Saturday  2.")th.  —  In  consequence  of  Spain  Declaring  war 
against  Great  Britain  and  of  the  late  generous  Resolution  of 
Cyongross  of  raising  the  Subsistence  of  Officers  &  soldiers  of 
the  Army.  The  General  ordered  a  Feu  Be  Joy  to  be  fired  by 
the  army  this  afternoon  at  o  oClock  and  likeAvise  he  ordered  to 
be  delivered  to  the  officers  of  each  lirigade  one  of  the  best  oxen 
there  was  &  5  Gallons  of  Spirits  :  accordingly  at  5  oClock  the 
troops  was  drawn  up  in  a  single  hne  with  the  field  Pieces  on  tho 
Right  tho  Feu  De  Joy  began  with  13  discharges  of  cannon  and 
then  a  running  fire  of  the  Musquitry  from  the  right  to  the  left 
of  the  line  Intermixed  with  Field  pieces  but  it  did  not  please 
the  General  and  he  made  tlie  musquitry  fire  again  afterwards 
the  officers  of  each  Brigade  assembled  and  Supped  together 
(excepting  (fenl.  Poors)  on  their  ox  and  five  gallons  of  spirits 
and  spent  the  evening  very  agreeable.  The  officers  of  our 
brigade  assembled  at  a  large  bower  made  for  that  purpose 
Iluminated  with  13  pine  not  fires  round  and  each  officer  atended 
with  his  bread,  knife  and  plate  and  set  on  the  ground  Genl. 
Hand  at  the  head  &  Ct)l  Procter  at  the  foot  as  his  officers 
suped  with  us  in  this  manner  we  suped  very  hearty  and  then 
went  to  drinking  our  spirits,  and  the  following  Toasts  was 
given  by  Genl.  Ham!  -The  13  Sisters  and  their  sponsers— The 
honorable  the  American  ^J<mgress  -Genl.  Washington  &  the 
American  Army— The  comander  in  chief  of  the  Western  ex- 
pedition—The  Allies  of  America  &  the  United  House  of  Bour- 
bon—The nuMuory  of  Lt.  Boyd  and  the  Brave  soldiers  under 
his  command  who  Avas  unhumanly  massacred  on  the  13th  In- 
stant—May  the  American  Congress  and  the  liegislatives  of 
America  be  endowed  with  wisdom  and  be  as  firm  as  the  Pillars 
of  time  May  th(^  Citizens  &  soldiers  of  America  be  Uimnlmous 
in  support  of  American   Liberty — May  Discortl  &  Fraud   be 


EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


249 


banished  from  the  Shores  of  Aiuerica— May  the  Kingdom  of 
Ireland  merit  a  Stripe  in  our  Standard— An  honorable  peace 
or  pensiistnnt  war  to  tJie  Enemies  of  America— May  the  Knemies 
of  America  be  Metamorphised  in  Pack  horses  and  sent  on  a 
Western  Expedition-  afterwards  there  was  two  or  three  Indian 
l>ances  led  down  by  Geni.  Hand  and  performed  by  tlie  rest 
midlinjj  well  then  each  ollicer  returned  to  their  Qrs  after 
kicking  uj)  a  Small  Dust  of  Striking  tents  &c. 

Sunday  20th.— Did  not  feel  very  well  tin's  morning  nfter  my 
frolick  but  was  ordered  on  detachment  but  itraintl  alittle  which 
prevented  our  going.  Col.  Dearborns  (Jomand  came  in  to  day 
and  brought  in  two  squaws  I'risoners  and  left  one  Indian  and 
one  squaw  very  sick  on  tlie  Caugalake,  which  they  could  not 
fetch  along  the  Destroyed  five  Indian  towns  on  the  <.'uiiga  lake 
midling  large  and  very  well  built  in  general  and  Destrojed  a 
great  quantity  of  Corn. 

Monday  27th. —The  Detachment  that  was  a  going  yesterday 
Paraded  this  morning  7  oCiock  under  the  comand  of  Col.  Cort- 
land and  went  up  the  Tyog.i  8  Mile  and  took  some  Boats  with 
them  and  loaded  them  with  Corn  &;  pumpkins  and  sent  down 
to  the  Army  and  Destroyed  a  great  Quantity  more  and  then 
returned  a  little  after  Dark— This  evening  Mr.  Lodge  the  Sur- 
veyor came  in  &  told  us  Col.  Dutler  lay  all  night  within  5  miles 
of  here  and  would  be  in  tomorrow  likewise  the  Boats  arrived 
here  from  Tiogo  to  transport  the  sick  &  l»aggage  down. 

Tuesday  28th. —This  morning  all  the  sick  was  ordered  to  go 
down  in  Boats  toTyogo,  and  the  Lame  to  ride  down  the  worst 
horses,  the  same  Detachment  that  was  up  the  Tyoga  yester- 
day was  ordered  up  again  to  day  and  a  very  large  comand  was 
ordered  to  go  down  the  Tyoga  to  Destroy  Corn ;  Just  as  our 
Detachment  Paraded  Col.  Butlers  Comd.  came  in  and  in- 
formed us  that  they  had  destroyed  on  the  East  side  of  the 
Cauga  ]jake  three  Capital  towns  and  a  great  number  of  scat- 
tering houses  and  Destroyed  a  very  great  quantity  of  Corn  the 
houses  I  am  informed  was  much  larger  and  better  built  than 
any  we  have  yet  seen,  and  i  t  was  a  very  old  sittled  Country 
as  the  had  great  number  of  Apple  and  Peach  trees  which  they 
likewise  Cut  Down — Our  Detachment  marched  up  the  Tyogo 
5  miles  above  where  we  was  yesterday  and  biirnt  2  or  3  hous(>s 
and  Destroyed  a  little  Corn  on  each  side  of  the  river  a  little 
before  night  I  w^ent  up  the  river  about  f)  Mile  farther  but  found 
no  Corn  and  returned  where  we  found  them  enca,mi)ed  in  one 
of  the  corn  fields  but  had  no  tents. 

Wednesday  29th. —  slept  tolerable  well  rose  early  loaded  two 
boats  with  corn  which  we  had  with  us  and  set  of  down  the 
river   about  7  oClock  arrived  where  the  Camp  was   about  2 


2r)0 


BEATTY'S  J(M^RNAL. 


oClock  Vv^hero  "\ve  found  the  Army  had  left  hi  the  morning,  here 
we  lialted  jibout  2  hours  coheoted  Home  horses  uiul  killed  a 
RUiuber  more  likewise  sent  down  a  Boat  which  the  Army  had 
left.  Marched  of  from  there  witli  a  Determination  to  join  the 
army  to  night,at  the  time  we  arrived  at  Shamung  it  was  Dark 
liowever  we  march'd  on  thr(>  the  Narrows  a  very  Dificult  road 
to  pass  and  arrived  at  the  main  Army  about  13  oClock  at  Night 
which  was  encamped  3  Mile  below  Shamong. 

Thursda,y  30th.  — Marciid  this  morningU  oClock  halted  within 
one  Mile  of  Fort  Sullivan  on  the  month  of  Tyoga  and  sent  for 
our  INIusick  &  Coulourslikewisfj  found  the  men  ina  proper  line  of 
March  then  march'd  on  with  Musiok  playing  and  Colours  Hy- 
ing and  encamp'd  on  the  same  ground  we  did  before.  When 
our  troops  passed  th(*  Fort  the  Garrison  was  paraded  and 
tialuted  us  with  i:'.  Pieces  of  Cann(ni  regularly  tired,  afterward 
the  same  number  was  return'd  by  us,  then  three  Cheers  from 
the  Garrison  Tlu'  officers  of  en.ch  Regt.  had  a  Dinner  paraded 
for  Jiem  in  the  garrison  wliere  they  Imediately  repairt'd  and 
Dined  and  took  a  hearty  Drinkof  (frogandwenttosleep-  since 
we  left  this  ( ol  IShreve  who  commanded  had  a  very  strong 
picket  fort  ma  ie  h»'re  surrounded  witli  very  good  Abattees  and 
the  4  Block  houses  for  tlui  four  Bestions  wlii(di  Comanded 
each  River  and  all  the  men  was  encamped  in  the  Garrison- 
Just  been  from  Tyoga  thirty-five  Days  and  from  Tioga  130 
Miles. 

October  1,  Frichiy.  — lay  in  camp  all  Day  resting  and  Cleaning 
our  selves. 

Saturday  2d.  —This  Day  a  Number  of  officers  was  sent  to 
Wioming  to  prepare  for  the  reception  of  the  Army  and  a  Num- 
ber others  went  on  other  buisness 

Sun(!ay  3d.  —  Orders  came  out  to  day  for  to  have  all  the  Stores 
loaded  iu  boats  and  ready  to  nwirch  to  morrow  morijing  with 
tlio  Army,  at  six  oCiock  The*  Hospital  and  sick  to  go  down 
to  the  river  this  afternoon  this  Day  a  large  fatigue  Party  was 
turned  out  to  Destroy  the  fort,  which  they  did  effectually  by 
pulling  lip  the  i)ickets  and  casting  them  in  the  river  and  burn- 
ing t  he  .Abattees. 

Monday  4th.  -This  Day  a  little  rain,  f^hief  ])art  of  thf  Army 
mar(^h'd,  otdy  left  a  suffi(Mt>nt  (luantity  to  iiuin  the  i>(>ats 
marched  al)oiil  8  oCiock  crossed  over  the  T>ogn  and  a  little 
while  after  ('rosstnl  thi' river  to  the  Hast  side  and  j)roceeded 
on  midling  goo«l  road  to  Wysaukin  when  they  incamped  1 
went  in  the  l)o;its  and  got  to  Wysaukin  two  hours  before  the 
Army  and  nil  enoampe(i  iogctln'r;  liiis  place  was  formerly  a 
small  set  t  lenient    but   Destroyed  by  the  Enemy. 

Tue.sday  r)th.  -IMie   \vln>le  of  the  Army  was  *>r(ler«'d  to  go  in 


EXPEDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


251 


TJoats  tin's  morning  and  we  set  of  about  9  oClock  Down  tlio 
River,  our  Refj^t.  bringing  up  the  rear  of  the  Army  and  a  little 
after  Dark  encamped  on  the  shore,  Our  Regt.  by  themselves  the 
Army  Chielly  in  front  where  we  lay  all  Night. 

Wensday  Gth.  -Started  midling  early  this  morning  but  did 
not  overtake  the  Army  or  at  least  Head  Quarters  but  passed 
a  Number  of  boats  eneampVl  Just  at  Dark  on  a. small  Improve- 
ment wiiere  we  staid  ail  Night  '24  Miles  from  Wycjming. 

Thursday  7th.  -Embarlied  tolerable  early  this  nuirning 
pa,ssed  several  small  improvements  (jn  the  river  whieh  luid 
been  but  now  Destroyed  by  the  Enemy.  Arrived  at  Wyonj- 
ing  al)out  5  oCiock  where  we  found  Chief  of  tlu;  Army  en- 
camped, we  imediately  J^isembarked  and  incamp'din  our  pro- 
per place -Wyoming  bjifore  it  was  Destroyed  by  the  Enemy 
was  a  very  i)retty  settlement  and  very  large  e.xcrellent  land  it 
lies  on  each  sidt;  of  th(i  river  aiul  iS  veiy  long  Chief  of  the  in- 
ha,bitants  have  left  the  settlement  what  few  there  is  here 
Erectetl  small  huttswhere  they  liv-  .ery  uncomfortable  I  think, 
the  Iidiabitanrs  had  a  very  severe  l)attl(*with  the  I'^nemy  be- 
fore ihey  Destroyed  but  was  Defeated  by  which  nu-ans  the 
Enemy  got  PossesHlon  of  the  settlement  and  Destroyed  it  the 
Iidiabirants  had  a  ntimber  killd  which  left  a  great  many 
Widows  in  the  i)lace,  since  the  Daltle  thcty  have  erect «'<1  a  very 
go()<l  Fort  and  ('out iniuital  Trot)ps  has  been  stationed  at  it 
which  has  keep  it  since. 

Friday  Hth. -A  larg(!  party  was  sent  on  tr  Easttown  to  day 
to  repair  the  road.^.  I  wejit  up  to  se(^  some  of  the  Inhabitants 
to  day  which  appeared  very  strange  to  me  being  so  long  from 
seeing  any  of  them  — 

Saturday  0th  This  day  we  Reed,  orders  to  hold  ourselves 
ill  reM,diness  to  march  to  morrow  morning  early,  likewisi' (ienl. 
Sullivan  Set  of  to  Eastown  leaving  the  conmnd  of  the  Araiy 
to  (ienl.  Clinton  this  beingmy  birth  dav  I  with  a  few  of  our 
olDcers  had  a  Sociable  Di-ink  of  iJrog  this  evening — 

Sunday  10th.  -The  (ienl.  beat  this  morning  H  o('Iock  c<>.dd 
get  no  waggons  to  carry  our  baggage  then'fore  liad  to  break 
upoiir  ('hestsaiid  Cr«rryour  baggage  on  Pack  horses  Tht'  Army 
did  not  march  till  ',)  oClock  in  the  Afternoon  when  the  set  of 
for  Eastown  the  Army  was  very  much  Detained  on  Acrcouid, 
of  getting  on  the  Amunition  Wagg<»ns  and  some  [of  j  the  (i(>n- 
eral  <St  I'Meld  olTicers  ha,d  t o  C'arry  t heir  liaggage  as  the  horses 
was  very  we  ik  and  the  roa<l  Exceeding  bad  up  a  very  long  hill 
good  many  waggons  left  behind  and  the  baggage  taken  out 
aud  Put  on  Ptwk  horses,  a  little  after  Dark  go)  on  the  I  op  of 
the  hill  about  I  Mile  from  Wyondiig  where  we  I'.ncaniped  on 
Very  stony  ground  and  the  Army  very  nnudi  Sct'tttM'ed. 


;;i 


fl  '-i*;^ 


BEATTWS  JOURNAL. 


Monday  Uth.  -MarcluMl  this  moriiiiitr  cjirly  faiini  to  JiullcwUs 
whioli  is  a  liotisfi  7  iVlill^'^•  troiii  Wyoming:  lornicrly  a  tavern  hut 
the  hiiial)itaiits  nacl  lied  Ihtc  wh  I'oniid  llic  Iroiit  of  the  Army 
who  lay  luM-t!  all  Nij^lit  .lust  i)rt'pMrin^  for  to  iiiarrh  wo  halt(;d 
&  «lro\v  a  (rill  of  Kmii  Kacih  \\wn  iiiarchcd  on  to  tlm  Kdf>^(!  of 
the  Groat  swamp  17  Miles  from  Wyoniiiij^  when^  wo  «(n<ranip(Ml 
on  tolerable  {^ood  ground. 

Tuesday  12th.  -  iMarched  this  juorniufj^  S<)('l()(',k  Knlered  the 
{^nvit  swamp  winch  is  a  very  hacJ  road  1  lu^  wayt^ons  was  sent, 
on  at  J)ay  break  this  morning  and  to  lialt  at  Locust  hill  about, 
the  middli*  of  th(^  swaiup  till  the  Army  caitn*  up  we  arrived  at 
]jOcust  inll  about  1  o(Jl<)ck  where  we  found  the  watj^^ons,  hero 
we  halted  and  eat  Dinner  pjissed  the  waj^^ous  which  come  on 
in  they  rear.  Just  as  the  Army  f^ot  thro  the  Swamp  whi<;h  is 
12  IMilesthro:  a  very  heavy  sliower  of  lain  come  on  wlii(!li 
wet  us  very  nnieh,  marched  ;i  Miles  Ihro  the  Swamp  and  en- 
camped a,  li((i(i  before  Darls  on  a,  pretty  little  brook  ^2  INI  lies 
from  Hastowu  ;  a,  j^ rear  many  horses  Died  in  the  Swamp  to  day 
aiul  a(rrea,t  many  wa,K{^'»us  broken  to  pieces,  and  tin*  ba,gga|je 
of  the  Army  did  not  come  up-  To  Diiy  we  met  about  00  wafj- 
{^(^ns  in  the  swamp  tjoinj^  to  Wyonunj^  for  what  baj^gaj?*!  of  the 
.\rmy  was  left  1  here,  a,l)out  oui^  half  was  turned  to  fetch  on 
our  ba^;-f^atj:(!  (he  others  went  on  to  Wyomiu}^. 

Weusday  l!Uh.-  Marched  this  morning?  i>  o( Mock  those  fresh 
wa^itfons  h'.dptul  on  the  l)Mf^;^a^e  midliuj^  well,  in  marching? 
about  n  IMiliM-auie  to  Laruiirtis  tavern  itbeiu^the  be^fiuniufj; 
of  the  set  tiemeut  of   a<'lnisliau    < 'ouiil  ry,  which  appeared  (o 


um  very  stranfj^e 


her( 


w 


e  halted    in  fi  field  l.V  hours  to   refresh 


Then  uuirched  on  very  j^ood  roads  !)  l\lile(hro  a  thin  set  t  li'd 
country  and  about  r>  (>(.;iock  arrived  at  Hrinkers  Mills  wheiie 
W(*  had  a  larj^e  Stort^  of  Provisions  for  this  Army,  and  hei-e  tlu* 
had  a  suuill  i)icketed  ftu-t  whert*  they  had  store  houses  in  to 
keep  their  provisiitn,  and  a  suuill  (iarrison  of  INfilitia,  as  soon 
as  we  was  euca.mpe<i  I  wnt  out  to  a  (  oiiiil  ry  house  aiul  f,'ot 
an  Klcfjant  Dinner  wlii<'h  1  was  very  well  pleased  witli  like- 
wise \\<>  Drew  Provision  this  ("venin^f. 

Thursday  llth.  Ilertf  we  f^ot  a  few  more  waf^f^ons  aliiust 
sufTlcienI  to  carry  all  they  baf^f^a^jje  Marched  to<lay  11  o(Mock 
thro  a  middliui.,'  t^ood  setth'd  ('')unl r\-. Crossed  tlje  lihie  Moinit- 
aiu  eucatuped  at  Aliens  ta,vern  7  Miles  froui  Hrinkers  MIHh 
about  ;i  oClock.  Here  an  ofllcer  from  each  IJcf-i^t.  Avas  ordered 
to  attend  at  Head  «.^rs.  after  I  Mkin^;  1  he  minds  of  tlieollicerM 
of  thei  Kej^ts.  concernin>.j  t he  liij^h  pri(^es  of  Articles  whetluu- 
they  would  ^ive  it  oi-  no.  aftir  a  < 'oiisultat  ion  of  an  hour  or 
two  they  came  to  this  i-rsolut  iiui  i  lia!  1  hey  would  not  J'urchasn 
of  any  tavern  ke«'i)erany  liiiiior  or  provi>  ion  whiltion  the  uuircli 


EXPKDITION  AGAINST  THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


253 


to  Head  Qu.irtiT.s  Sickens  Excepted— Orders  came  out  for  Uu' 
soldiers  6i  ollicers  to  be  as  Chsau  as  possible  lo  iiiarcli  into 
Eastown. 

Friday  15th. — Marclie«l  this  nioniinfj  8  oCJIocit  ba^jtjat^e  all  in 
the  Center  thro  a  very  good  road  arrived  at  Eastown  about  ;> 
oClock— The  Army  marcdied  thro  tiie  town  in  ample  order  and 
encanii)ed  in  Dii'erent  plaees,  our  brij^ade  encainpcMl  up  the 
Laihiabouta  Mile  oil  veryt^ood^^round— I  wasmuc.h  very  pleased 
to  see  the  rosolutii)ii  of  the  ollicers  so  strictly  adhered  to,  as  1 
did  not  see  a  slnj^le  soul  enter  a  tavern  wliicii  was  a  {jreat  Dis- 
appointnuMit  to  the  Inhabitants,  as  tluiy  had  lai<l  in  {^ real  stores 
and  thought  tlu^y  would  have  a  very  line  niaiket  for  it  by  this 
Army — (renl.  Sullivan  again  takes  the  Comand  of  they  Army. 

Saturday  10th.  Lay  in  (Janip  all  Day  nothing  material  hap- 
p(!iung. 

Sunday  17th.  -Lost  all  my  Cloalhs  last  nighl  stolf  Iroiu  the 
Wash  wouum  hift  m<i  in  a  nei)lorabl<!  <'tmdition  not  a  second 
shirt  to  my  IJack— Tln^  whole;  Army  w<Mit  to  ("hiirch  to  Day 
and  heard  a  vin'y  Elegant  Oration  fr<;Hi  th«>  Hevd.  Dr.  Evans 
Siitible  to  the  Occasion —likewise  (ten!.  Sullivan  and  (he  -'..st- 
ern army  had  the  thanks  of  (Congress,  went  out  in  i  lit- (%>niit  ry 
to  day  and  got  H(i(rkwhea,l  ('ak<s,  Duttei-,  Milk  and  honey 
whi<di  was  a  very  great,  rarity  inde(>d 

Monday  18th. —To  day  the  Kegt.  was  Mustered  for  '*•  Montlis 
and  the  Day  was  taken  up  ('hielly  in  ma,king  Muster  rolls&c  - 
I'art  of  my  (Months  wns  found  to  <lay  hid  in  the  mounlMin  but 
(  wo  of  my  b(!st  shirty  is  yt't  a  ndssing. 

TiK^sday  lS)th.     Wensday  20th.     Thursday  31st. 

Friday,  22d.  — W.'nt  this  Day  to  He1hl«diem  and  saw  the  Curi- 
osities of  that  I'lace  and  Drank  some  lOxcellent  wine  and  re- 
tnrniMl  home  a  lit!  le  after  Dark  and  so  I  bi'ljcx  c  I  may  herc!  end 
my  Journal  witli  a  belly  fidl  of  good  wine  Ciiven  under  my 
lm,nd  this  22d.  Day  of  October  in  (he  Year  of  our  Lord  one 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  seventy  Nine. 

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CJiapJaiii  of  Gen.  Hand's  Brigade 

iN  THE  SPLLIFAN  EXPEDITION. 
17T9. 


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[The  Rev.  William  Rogers  was  Chaplain  in  the  Pennsylvania 
Rifle  Regiment  (Col.  Samuel  Miles)  iu  1T7G,  and  in  June,  1778, 
Brigade  Chaplain.  His  Journal  is  copied  from  the  Rhode 
Islaud  Historical  Tracts  published  in  1879.] 


(256) 


THE  SULLIVAN  EXPEDITION. 


257 


JOURNAL  OF  EEY.  WILLIAM  ROGERS,  D.  D. 

June  15th. — Left  Philadelphia. 

June  17th. —About  8  o'clock,  crossed  E.aston  ferry.  Easton 
is  a  pretty  village,  the  capital  of  Northampton  county,  Penn- 
sylvania. Here  I  met  with  a  large  circle  of  my  military  ac- 
quaintances of  General  Poor's  and  Maxwell's  brigades.  At 
Colonel  Barbers  marquee  I  was  introduced  to  Mr.  Kirkland, 
a  Avorthy  clergyman  who  for  a  number  of  years  i)ast  has  been 
stationed  as  a  missionary  among  the  Indians.  The  place  of  his 
residence  is  Stockbridge,  Massacliusett.s.  I  ani  glad  to  hear 
j\rr.  Kirkland  is  to  go  with  us  on  the  secret  expedition.  Four 
Stockbridge  Indians  are  at  Easton,  who  are  to  act  as  guides  ; 
we  expect  on  our  march  the  Oneidas  ami  friendly  Tuscaroras  to 
olTer  us  their  assistance. 

June  18th. —All  the  troops  in  town  pn^Kircd  for  inarching. 
Between  5  and  6  o'clock,  left  the  village  with  all  the  jiack 
horses,  stores  etc.  Halted  for  V)reakfast,  The  army  reaching  the 
foot  of  the  Blue  Mountains,  twelve  miles  from  Easton,  en- 
camped for  the  day.  Dr.  Kirkland,  Dr.  Evans  and  myself 
passed  the  mountain  at  a  place  called  Wind  Gap.  We  ro  le  on 
seven  miles  from  the  camp  to  Brinker's  Mills,  now  known  as 
Sullivan's  stores,  tipon  account  of  a  large  house  built  here  and 
a  great  quantity  of  provisions  being  stored  therein  for  the  use 
of  the  forces  under  Major  General  Sullivan's  command.  At  the 
store  we  met  with  Captain  Luke  Broadht;ad,  who  with  Cap- 
tain Patterson  attends  at  this  post.  On  the  road  from  Easton 
to  Sullivan's  stores  nothing  is  to  be  seen,  but  hills,  stones,  trers 
and  brush,  excepting  here  and  there  a  scattered  house  and  a 
lake  near  the  mountain,  half  a  mile  in  length  and  one  fourth 
of  a  mile  in  breadth,  wherein  abound  a  variety  of  fish. 

June  inth.— At  7  A.  M.  the  troops  reached  Sullivan's  stores. 
Halted  and  draw  four  days'  provisions.  Doctors  Kirkland, 
Evans,  Hunter  and  myslf  ro(h*  forward  about  nine  miles  to  a 
place  called  Pokono,  lower  Smithfield  township,  and  put  up 
for  the  night  at  the  house  of  a  iMr.  Savage,  which,  exclusive 
of  one,  is  tlie  last  house  from  Easton  to  Wyf)ming,  the  re- 
mainder of  the  way  (thirty  odd  miles)  being  uninhabited,  ex- 
cept by  wild  beasts  and  roving  animals.  On  a  mountain  be- 
tween Sullivan's  stores  and  Pokono,  wo  hud  a  fine  prospect  of 
17— Vol.  XV. 


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33  WIST  MAIN  STRUT 

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258 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL. 


nature's  works.  We  discovered  the  water  gap  of  the  Blue 
Mountainti,  and  liill  upon  hill  surrounding  vis.  The  troops  en- 
camped at  Learn's  tavern,  I'okono  point.  Pokono  lies  from 
Easton  north,  about  two  points  west. 

Sunday,  June  20th.  —Marched  this  morning  in  the  following 
order.  General  Maxwell  s  brigade  in  front.  Next  Colonel  Proc- 
tor's rr'ginient ;  then  Poor's  brigade,  afterwards  the  baggage. 
Halted  at  Rum  Bridge  for  the  night,  six  miles  from  the  last  in- 
habited houc<e  towards  Wyoming.  TIkj  camp  is  calleii  Chowder 
camp,  from  the  commander-in-chief  dining  this  day  on  chow- 
der made  of  trout.  The  artillery  soUliers  killed  two  or  threa 
rattlesnakes  and  made,  as  I  understand,  a  good  meal  of  them. 
Owing  to  Pokono  mountain  ond  other  eminences,  found  this 
(lay's  march  very  fatiguing  to  the  horses  belonging  to  the  ar- 
tillery. Passed  a  large  quantity  of  pine,  poplar  and  oak  timber, 
also  a  quantity  of  the  largest  laurel;  the  gi-ound  universally 
covered  with  brush  by  the  name  of  ground  oaK.  No  preach- 
ing to-day  on  account  of  the  fatigue  of  the  troops. 

^[omlay,  Juno  21,  1779. —This  <lay  we  inarched  through  the 
Oxreat  Swamp  and  liear  Swamp.  The  Great  Swamp,  which  is 
eleven  or  twelve  miles  through,  contains  what  ^s  call(>d  in  our 
nuips  the  "shades  of  death,"  by  reason  of  its  u/rkness;  liotli 
swamps  contain  trees  of  amazing  height,  viz.,  hemiojk,  biich, 
pine,  sugar  maple,  ash,  lornst,  etc.  The  roads  in  some  places 
are  tolerable,  but  in  other  places  e.vceedingly  bad,  by  reason 
of  which,  and  a  long  though  necessary  march,  three  of  our 
wagons  and  the  carriages  of  two  Held  pieces  were  broken  down. 
This  day  we  proceeded  twenty  miles  and  encampe<l  late  in  the 
evening  at  a  spot  which  the  commander  nanuid  (/ampPatigiiei. 
The  troops  were  tired  and  hungry.  The  road  through  the 
Swamps  is  entirely  new,  being  lltted  for  the  pa.ssago  of  our 
wagons  by  Colonels  Courtlandt  and  Spencer  at  the  instanc(tof 
the  commaiiiler-in-chief ;  the  way  leading  to  Wyoming,  being 
before  oidy  a  blind  narrow  path.  The  new  road  does  its  i)ro- 
jectors  great  credit  and  must  in  a  furure  day  be  of  essential 
service  to  the  inhabitants  of  Wyoming  and  Easlon.  In  tlic 
Great  Swamp  is  Locust  Hill,  where  we  iliscovered  evident 
marks  of  a  destroyed  Indian  village.  Tobyhanna.  and  Middle 
creeka  empty  into  the  Tunkhanunk  ;  the  Tunkhaniink  empties 
into  the  head  branch  i»f  the  Lehigh,  which,  at  Easton,  em}>tie8 
into  the  I)elawar<».  The  Moosic  mountain,  through  a  gap  of 
which  we  passed  in  the  Great  Swamp,  is  the  dividing  ridge 
which  separates  the  Delaware  from  the  Susquehanna. 

Tuesday,  June  23. —The  Army  continued  at  Camp  Fatigue 
until  two  o'clock,  r.  M. ,  on  account  of  their  )^reat  nuirch  the 
preceding  day,  many  of  the  wagons  of  the  rear  guard  not  gett- 


THE  SULLIVAN  EXPEDITION. 


259 


ing  in  until  midnight.  A  bear  and  a  wolf  wei'o  seen  by  a  New 
Hampshire  sentinel,  and  several  deer  by  a  scouting  party,  but 
none  were  shot  In  the  forenoon  a  person  arrived  who  in  the 
month  of  April  last  had  been  taken  prisoner  near  the  Minisink 
by  two  Tories,  two  Tuscaroras  and  seven  Delawares  ;  this  poor 
fellow,  after  being  carried  through  a  long  tract  of  country,  n,nd 
experiencing  tiie  severest  usage  in  being  cruelly  tied  or  bound 
or  otherwise  ill  treated,  had  the  good  fortune  when  getting 
within  one  day's  march  of  Chemung,  to  make  his  escape  at 
night  when  th^  Indians  were  asleep;  he  was  obliged,  however, 
to  leave  his  onl.,  son  and  two  other  boys  behind.  In  relating 
this  circumstance  he  was  greatly  affected.  For  forty  <lays  he 
was  almost  destitute  of  provisions,  and  eighttu'n  or  twenty 
days  without  seeing  a  fire.  Rattlesnakes  and  a  few  small  lish 
were  his  support  till  he  reached  Wyoming.  He  stiemed  very 
sensible  of  his  providential  deliverance,  and  in  rel/iting  th«' 
matter  gave  Uod  the  praise. 

Wednesday,  June  2;i. —The  troops  jjrcpared  themselves  for 
Wyoming,  from  which  we  were  now  distant  only  seven  mii<>s. 
This  day  we  marched  with  regularity,  and  at  a  distanci^  of 
three  miles  came  to  the  place  where  C'aptain  Davis  and  Lieu- 
tenant Jones,  with  a  corporal  and  four  privates  were  scalped, 
tomahawked,  and  speared  l)y  the  savages,  fifteen  or  twenty  in 
number;  two  boards  are  fixed  at  tin*  spot  where  Davis  and 
Jones  f»fll,  with  their  nann's  on  each,  .fones's  l)esnjeare«l  wit  li 
his  own  blood.  In  passing  this  melancdioly  vale,  an  universal 
gloom  appeared  on  the  countenances  of  both  officers  and  men 
without  distinction,  and  froui  the  (syes  of  many,  as  by  a  sud- 
den impulse,  dropt  the  sympathi/.iug  t<>ar.  ( 'olouel  Droctor, 
out  of  respect  to  the  deceased,  ordered  the  music  to|>laytlie 
tune  of  Rosliri  Castle,  the  soft  and  moving  notes  of  which, 
together  with  what  so  forcibly  struck  the  ey<',  tended  greatly 
to  (111  our  breasts  with  pity,  and  to  reuMW  our  grief  for  our 
worthy  departed  friends  and  brethren.  The  words  of  tlie  ct'lc- 
bratod  Young,  occurred  <ui  this  occasion  to  my  mind: 

"  Life's  little  stage  is  a  small   emlnonco, 
Inch  high  above  the  grave,  tliat  home  of  man 
Wliore  dwells  tlio  nudtitudc." 

Getting  within  two  miles  of  Wyoming,  wo  had  from  a  fine 
eminenoo  an  excellent  view  of  the  settlement.  It  is  founded 
on  each  side  of  the  eastern  branch  «)f  the  Husquehannnh,  which 
with  tlie  western  branch  iniiteat  Northumb«'rlan«l,  from  which 
place  Wilkesbarre,  the  county  town,  Is  distant  sixty-five  miles. 
It  lies  in  a  beautiful  valley,  surroiuuled  by  very  high  ground, 
the  people  inhabit  up  and  down  the  banks  of  the  river  and  very 


260 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL. 


little  bank.  There  were  in  the  settlement  Inst  Huuinier  a  court 
houHe,  a  jail,  and  many  (iwelliiig  houses,  all  of  which  except- 
ing a  few  scattered  ones  were  burnt  l)y  tlie  savagtfs  after  the 
battle  of  July  3,  1778,  which  toolc  place  near  Forty  Fort.  At 
present  there  are  a  few  log  houses  newly  built,  a  fort,  one  or 
two  stockaded  redoubts  and  a  row  of  barracks  ;  the  settlement 
consists  of  six  or  more  small  townships.  At  the  battle  before 
spoken  of  about  two  hundred  ami  tw(Mity  were  massacred 
within  the  space  of  an  hour  and  a  liulf,  mor*^  than  one  hundred 
of  whom  were  nuirried  men;  their  widows  aftvrwards  had  all 
their  property  taken  from  them  and  several  of  them  with  their 
<'hildren  were  mad**  prisoners.  It  is  snid  Queen  Esther,  of  the 
Hix  Nations,  who  was  with  the  enemy, scalped  and  tomahawked 
with  her  own  hands  in  cool  blood  eight  or  ten  persons.  The 
Indian  women  in  general  were  guilty  of  the  greatest  barbari- 
ties. Since  this  dreadful  stroke  they  have  visited  the  settle- 
iiunit  several  times,  each  time  killing,  or  rather  torturing  to 
deatli,  more  or  less.  Many  of  their  bones  continue  yet  un- 
buried  where  the  main  acti«)n  happened.  Wyoming  is  by  Con- 
necticut, styled  Westmoreland  county,  and  hasfor  a  long  time 
been  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  that  state.  How  the  matter 
will  l)e  settled  by  them  and  the  Commonwealt h  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, must  be  (leterniintMl  l)y  thos»>  who  are  b(>ttera,c(piainted 
with  the  «lisimte  than  I  am. 

Thtirsday,  .Tune  21.  —Was  introduced  to  Colonel  Zebulon  But- 
ler, the  gentlemen  of  whom  much  has  ))ec.n  said  on  account  of 
his  pt^rsevering  conduct  in  opposing  the  savages.  Ha<l  un  in- 
terview with  Mr.  Lndwigg,  baker-in-chief  for  the  army,  who 
was  mn\t  on  from  East<»n  to  this  i)ost,  to  pn^pare  l)rea(l  for  the 
tro(H)s;  owing  to  Ids  nvlioity,  a  bake-house*  was  l)uilt  in  eleven 
daysanda  large  (puintity  of  bread  was  in  readiness  for  delivery 
on  our  arrival.  An  inhabitanr  showe«l  me  a,n  I n<lian  weapon 
called  a  death  mall.  The  handle  was  unwieldly,  the  l>ail  about 
the  bigness  of  a  three  pouiuler,  curiously  cut  out  of  a  maph; 
Ivuot.  The  use  of  this  instrument  is  to  knock  i>eople  «)n  the 
scidl  with,  when  overtaken  in  a  (^hase.  Heing  8aint.  .lohn's 
day,  a  nund)er  of  Free-masons  met  at  ('olonel  Proctor's  nuir- 
quee;  at  his  requt>st  (thoi:gh  not  oiu>  of  the  fraternity  myself) 
read  for  tliem  tlie  Rev.  iJr.  Sndth's  excellent  sermon  on 
Masonry. 

Saturday,  June  20. —Between  ten  and  eleven  o'clock  last 
tdght  there  was  asnuill  a,larm  ;  two  Indians  were  discovered 
advancing  towar<ls  some  of  our  sentries.  The  s<>nt  inels  Ih'ed  on 
them,  but  the  savages  esca]>ed.  C'aptain  .lehoiakim  with  two 
other  Stoukbridge  Indians  and  live  soldiers  of  Colonel  Cilley*8 


Iir- 
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Ion 


THE  SULLIVAN  EXPEDITION. 


2fi1 


regiment  were  tmut  out  on  a  scout.  Dined  with  the  officers  of 
artillery. 

A  rock  (llKh)  whicth  was  caught  th»i  prectMlin^;  evening,  on  the 
tahh',  which  measured  two  feet  nine  inches  and  weighed  twenty- 
woven  pounds. 

Sunday.  ,1  une  27.  —Agreeably  to  yesterday's  orders,  preadu'd 
at  ten  o'clock,  A.  M. ,  n<*ar  the  Fort  to  General  Hand's  brigade 
and  Colonel  Pro(!lf)r'K  regiment  ;  (fenerai  Sullivan  with  his 
suite  were  present.  Ca|)tiiin  .rehoiakim  returned  ;  he  met  with 
no  success.  This  day,  with  the  three  preceding,  exceedingly 
sultry. 

Monday,  .Iune28,  I*.  M.—N«nvs  arrived  of  a  family  near  Cams' 
Tavern,  between  this  and  Easton,  being  part  of  them  killed 
and  part  of  them  taken  prisoners  by  the  savagt^s. 

Tuesday,  June  39.  Early  this  morning  the  account  we  liad 
yesterday  was  confirmed  by  th(*  arrival  of  Mr.  Steel  J).  C  (t. 
of  issues  who  says  that  of  the  family,  three  women  were  carried 
olT,and  that  asonof  ])r.  LtMi lie's  was  scalpe<l and  tonuihawked. 
The  few  scattered  inhai)itants  were  in  great  distress  moving  for 
safi^ty  to  Sullivan's  Stores  leaving  (he  principal  part  of  tlusir 
property  behind  i  hem.  Upwards  of  tliirty  boats  loaded  with 
provisions  arrived  this  day  from  Sunbury.  Orders  came  out 
for  the  execution  of  liawrence  Miller  and  Michael  Kosebury, 
in  the  following  words  :  "The  sentence  of  deat  h  passed  u pon 
Lawrence?  Miller  and  Michael  Kosebury  by  the  court  nuirtial, 
when?  of  Mrigadier  (reneral  Maxwell  was  presidfMit,  and  ap- 
proved of  by  the  ( Jomnumder-iii-chief  at  Easton  in  the  orders 
of  tlu*  sixth  instant,  is  directed  to  l)e  executetl  upon  the  said 
Lawrence  Miller  and  Michael  Rosel)ury,  the  day  after  to-mor- 
row in  tht*  aftt*rnoou,  bet  w(m>ii  th  i  hours  of  two  and  four 
o'clock."  The  orders  of  the  sixth  instant  referred  to,  are: 
"Lawnuice  Mill(>raiid  Michael  Kosebury,  inhabitantsof  Sussex 
county.  State  of  New  .Itu-sey,  being  tried  by  a,  general  c(tnrl 
nuirtial,  held  at  Easton,  on  the  third  instant,  of  which  Hriga- 
dic^r  (letnu'al  Maxwell  was  jjresideiit,  for  enticing  soldiers  of 
the  American  army  to  des(<rt  to  the  <'nemy,  and  engaging  their 
assista,nce  for  that  purpose,  the  court  are  of  o]>inion,  they  are 
guilty  of  the  cliarf,^<'S  exhibited,  and  «Io  unanimously  sentenci» 
them  t<»  siitl'er  death.  The  Conimander-in  chief  approves  the 
sentence  of  (h(»  court,  but  postpones  t  he  execut  ion  of  it  for  a 
few  days.  He  at  the  sa,ine  time  returns  his  thanks  to  Li<Mi- 
tenant  McCotuiell,  and  llu' o1  her  evidences,  for  their  /.eal  and 
address  in  deti'cting  the  oireiulers.  I*.  M.-Mr.  Kirkland  ac- 
companied mi^  in  paying  these  two  iiiifortutuite  men  a  visit  ; 
found  them  ignorant  and  sttipid.  Our  endeavors  were  upon 
this  occasion  to  open  unto  them  the  nature  of  nuin's  fall,  an«l 


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202 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL. 


the  (Ircndfiil  isituatioii  of  those  Avho  died  in  a  state  of  impeni- 
ten<ry  and  unbelief. 

Wednesday,  June  yo.  —  W«  went  to  see  the  prisoners;  Miller 
appeareil  much  softened,  distressed,  and  anxious  about  his  fu- 
ture state;  Rosebury  said  l)ut  little;  I  enlarged  particularly 
at  this  time  on  their  awful  condition  by  nature  and  practice", 
their  aina/.ing  guilt  in  the  sight  of  an  holy  God  ;  the  spirituality 
of  tlui  divine  law  ;  the  necessity  of  an  interest  in  Jesus  (Jhrist  ; 
1  heir  own  inability  to  oi>taiu  salvation,  and  tlie  great  impor- 
tance of  a  duo  preparation  for  another  world. 

Thursday,  July  1.— Before  breakfast  visited  the  convicts; 
si)ok(*  to  them  on  the  realities  of  Ijeaven  and  hell,  and  the  jus- 
tice and  mercy  of  Goil ;  Miller  appearetl  still  more  penitent, 
and  freely  confessed  the  sentence  of  death  passed  against  liim 
to  l)e  just.  The  other  excused  himself  and  insisted  much  on 
the  innocency  of  his  life.  Mr.  Kirkland  and  myself  waited  on 
the  (.-omnuinder-in-chief,  in  order  to  recommend  Miller  to 
mercy.  His  lixcellencj*  was  .so  oJ)liglng  as  to  inform  us  that  it 
was  his  purpose,  upon  account  of  Miller's  wife  and  nunu^rous 
fiimily,  his  decent  behavior  ou  trial,  the  recomuu^ndation  of  the 
court  an<l  f«)rmer  good  character,  ^o  pardon  him  under  the 
gallows,  lifteen  minuttis  after  the  execution  of  Rosebury  ;  and 
requestt'd  that  it  might  remain  a  secret  with  us  until  it  was 
publicly  known.  ]'.  IM. — At  the  hour  appointed  the  prisoners 
were  taken  under  guard  to  the  place  of  execution,  attended 
by  Messrs.  Kirkland,  ilunter  and  myself.  In  walking  to  the 
gallows  W(»  «>f  course  (!on versed  with  them  on  the  most  serious 
subjects.  Upon  arriving  there,  the  military  bt-ing  underarms, 
arul  a  number  of  the  inhabitants  present,  it  fell  to  my  lot  to 
ad(b'ess  the  spectators,  after  which  Mr.  Kirklaiul  prayed. 
Rosebury  was  t  lieu  turned  oir ;  he  died  to  all  appearance  the 
Siime  stupid  nuin  he  was  at  the  first  of  our  visiting  him.  Poor 
Glider  was  much  agitated  at  the  sight,  expecting  every  moment 
the  same  punishment.  He  was«>mployed  in  eomiiiending  him- 
self to  (rod  — upon  hearing  his  pardon  from  the  comnutnder-in- 
ehief  reatl,  lie  was  greatly  alTeetetl.  (Jn  recovering  himself  he 
(expressed  the  utmost  thankfulness  for  his  great  delivi'ranc»>. 
Tlie  scene  throughout  was  very  alTecMiiig. 

I'"'ri(la.y,  July  2,  r.  M.  -An  experiment  by  the  (feneral's  per- 
mission, was  made  by  Colonel  Proctor,  with  a  grasshopper  on 
l>oard  one  of  the  batteaux,  with  a  view  of  trying  the  nature  of 
shot  on  the  water  shouhl  it  be  in'C(>ssary  Avhen  going  up  the 
river.  Four  rounds  i.f  canister  and  eight  of  round,  were  dis- 
charged, which  fully  ju'oved  the  utility  of  the  plan;  it  plainly 
appearing  that  the  enemy's  force,  consisting  of  tlie  greatest 
nuui.ierof   boats,  would  be  hereby  totally  frustrated    in  their 


THI':  SULLIVAN  EXPEDITION. 


2o;j 


lor- 
of 

I  he 

lis- 

iuir 


design  of  impediMg  our  progrnss.  Tlio  ><ight  was  extremely 
gratifying.  Notwithstanding  tlie  axletreu  of  tlie  eunnon  on 
wiiicli  the  grasshopper  was  mounted  was  as  wide  as  the  l)at- 
teau,  yet  the  batteau  was  not  in  the  least  injured  by  the  ex- 
periment. 

8unday,  July  4. — Ten  o'clock.  Preached  to  the  brigade 
and  regiment  of  artillery  ;  being  the  anniversary  of  tlie  dec- 
laration of  American  Independence,  took  notice  of  the  same 
in  my  sermon.  Text,  Psalm  •i.i  :10,  "But  he  tliat  trustetli  in  the 
Lonl,  mercy  shall  encompass  him  about."  The  discour.se  was 
concluded  nearly  as  ft)llows  :  J'olitically  ns  a  nation  are  we  ex- 
horted to  trust  in  the  liord.  God  hath  hitherto  l)lessed  our 
arms  and  smiled  on  our  infant  rising  states.  Recollect,  my 
brethren,  the  commencement  of  our  bloody  contest ;  pursue  in 
your  nnnds  the  ditTlculties  we  already  have  luul  to  encounter. 
Be  not  ye  afraid  of  the  insolent  foe.  '•Ucmembor  Jeliovah. 
who  is  great  and  terrible,  and  light  for  your  brethren,  sonsaiiil 
your  daughters,  your  wives  and  your  houses."  I'rovided  we 
fear  (rod  and  ar<j  publicly  as  well  as  individually  honest  ;  what 
have  we  now  to  alarm  us?  American  «?xertions  have  hitherto 
betiu  crowned  with  success ;  ler  us  still  under  the  banners  of 
liberty,  and  with  a  Wa>liington  for  our  head,  go  on  from  con- 
quering to  conquer.  Hark!  what  voice  is  that  which  I  liear';' 
It  is  the  voicti  of  encouragement  ;  permit  me  for  your  aninui- 
tion  to  repeat  it  dist  inctly  :  "Our  fithers  trust «mI  and  tin*  Lord 
tlid  deliver  them  ;  they  cried  unto  Him  and  were  delivered  ; 
they  trusted  in  Him  and  were  not  confoundinl."  Even  so  nuiy 
it  be  with  us,  for  the  sake  of  (Christ  Jesus,  who  <!ame  to  give 
Freedom  to  th«^  world. 

Monday,  July  5th.  — An  P^xpress  arrived  from  Sunbury,  an- 
nouncing the  (h^struction  of  lune  persons  «)ut  of  twt^lve,  by  the 
savages  at  IMunsey,  as  they  were  working  in  a  field.  Took  a 
view  ot  the  remains  of  I'"'orty  Fort.  At  (ienerai  Poor's,  where 
a  )arg(>  pari y  dined  to-day,  two  skulls  were  shown  us  winch 
were  pick*  d  uji  near  the  Held  of  l)al  t  le,  and  wit  h  a  variety  of 
other  human  bones  had  lain  unbin'ied  for  twelve  months  past. 
From  th(>  appearance  of  the  skulls  whicli  were  most  shotiklngly 
gashed  and  bruised,  it  is  evident  that  the  poor  creatures  must 
have  suiTered  amazingly.  Towards  evening  two  soldiers  re- 
ported that  they  saw  four  Indians  al)ont  t  hree-quarters  of  a 
mile  from  OeiuM'al  Poor's  encampnu'ut.  Twi>  small  parties 
were  sent  out  to  mak»*  discoveries. 

Wednesday,  July  7th.  A  soldier  of  Tolouel  Shreeve's  regi- 
"•mt  going  out  a  hunting,  aft*  ■  get! ing  about  thre<>  nules  »'s- 
pled  an  Indian.  The  Indian  being  on  the  opposite  side  of  a 
de<?p  run    fired   on   him   an«l    shot  the  sleeve  of  his  coat.     The 


^wr 


ill 


(I         ^ 


( 


J04 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL. 


Koldler  havinfj  run  a  8inall  distance,  looking  behind,  and  saw 
two  otlier  HavageH  who  had  joined  the  lirst ;  he  tlien  ret  reated 
in  liaste  to  tlie  camp  and  n>ported  the  occurrence  to  the  (jren- 
eral.  In  cionsequenee  of  wliieli  three  parties  were  ord«fred  to 
bo  in  readiness  on  t  lie  ensuing  morning  to  seout  dilTerent  way:^. 
Tliursday,  July  8tli,  A.  M.  -(ienerals  Handand  Maxwell,  (Col- 
onels Proctor,  Jiutlerand  Shreove,  with  the  number  of  other 
l^entltMnen,  agreeably  t(»  proposal,  rode  up  to  Colonel  Court- 
landts,  where,  Ix-intj  joined  by  him,  (feneral  l*oor,  Major  Fink 
and  others,  ami  having;  the  benefit  of  a  proper  escort  of  light 
infantry,  we  proceeded  up  the  river  four  miles  further  to  take 
a  view  of  the  noted  jdace  where  the  battle  was  foui^ht  July  y, 
1778,  between  (Jolonel  Butler,  with  his  T«>riesand  the  savages 
on  one  sitle,  live  hundred  in  number,  an«l  our  Colonel  liutler, 
on  th(i  other  with  three  hundred  of  the  inhabitants,  who  had 
formed  tlu'iuselves  into  militia  companies,  having  nothing  but 
bail  nuiskets  without  bayonets.  Our  [)eopIe,  sallying  out  of 
Forty  Fort,  prooeetied  to  Wintermnte'sFort,  where  the  enemy 
forming  tluur  left  and  extending  their  right  quite  to  a  swamp, 
were  prejmred  to  receive  the  defenders  of  their  country.  Uur 
Colonel  Butler,  having  judiciously  drawn  up  his  men  in  line  ot 
battle  to  oppose  the  barbarians,  a  severe  tiring  ensued  ;  six  or 
seven  r»)unds  were  in  a  few  nu)ments  dischargetl  on  l)oth  sides, 
when  the  enemy's  centre,  fallen  a  l\>w  j)aces  back  and  apart 
«jf  their  right  liling  olT,  our  p(>ople  su])posing  that  they  had 
intention  of  surroumling  them,  instantly  got  confused  and 
notwithstanding  the  spirited  exertions  of  their  Colonel,  a  re- 
treat took  i)la('e  and  ended  in  a  general  rout,  which  gave  rise 
to  a  most  horrid  scene  of  butchery.  Out  of  our  party  t)nly 
one  hundred  escaped  ;  among  these  was  Colonel  Butler.  From 
nuiny  circunHtanc«'s  it  appeared  Wintermute's  Fort  proved 
treacherous,  old  Mr.  AVintermute  with  aH  his  sons  and  about 
twenty-llv«^  others  who  composed  tlui  garrison,  having  on  the 
enemy's  approach  delivered  u])  the  fort,  without  the  least  op- 
position, tlu'  major  part  of  whom  immediately  join«'dtheenemy 
and  took  up  arms  against  their  friends.  Moreovcir  it  was 
alleged  that  they  corresponded  with  the  enemy  many  months 
before.  The  place  where  the  battle  was  fought  may  with  pro- 
l)riety  be  called  "a  place  « if  skulls,"  as  tlu^  bodi«!s  of  tlu^  slain 
were  not  buried,  their  bones  wen^  scattt'rt'd  in  every  direction 
all  around  ;  a  great  number  of  which  for  a  few  days  past  hav- 
ing been  pieketl  nj),  were  decently  interrcMl  by  our  people.  Wo 
l)asse(l  a  grave  where  seVenty-five  skeh'tons  Avere  buried  ;  also 
a  spot  wln're  ftmrteen  wretched  creatures,  who  having  sur 
ren<lered  upon  being  jiromised  mercy,  were  nevertheless  made 
Immediately  to  sit  down  in  a  ring,  and  after  the  savages  ha*l 


THE  8UI.L,VA.v  EXPEDITION. 


'"  the  f™,r,„,.„  ;;C    '^^i  """•  •"  «<-  »l"«  u,„l  (       ,  ;  ,^  '","""" 

-m  all  „„„.  ^,„„„  ,;,;;,■  «-«-.  Kin,,  ,„•,.,. ,„;^■,,,. 

!""'  ,"""^v  w„,  „  whig.     Henrv  ,,'"'"■      '"'"'  »■"«  n  Tory 

''f«-       John    UuuUul   Lis  .M.n      Ho!        ^^'  '*  •''^"  ^'"  «Par.     ,„" 
k      your   br.t,.e,,  Will  vet    »    -  y''?;^ '''""'''' ^'^   -^     ' 

;''ot  l.i,n  an<l  nfferwar  ."w^  uTn"  l'"""^"  '•^"•"- "  ti.er 

tnne^^H  a  ton.ahaw.  .^     .ri*   r^;-^  "^•■.  ^onr  or^n;: 

jo-veyo..  i.  N.r's.  Jt;;  rr''^;;''  "^^-..a  •;;.,.;:, ;; 

;;et>ntation,  and  his  won,  ^    ,  "^1;'"  .  """"'""  '^  "  --of 
>ood  vvh.ro   h,.  is  u,.own.     Tu  'T'"'^'"'  '"  "'"  n.-i.^hlu,,- 

^^^on.  H,.nrys  Widow  an!  ,. !  ;;;;?^;;:  *-"^y  ...n.s  a.;;;:: 

--e  killed.     (Vdonel    .)     is  >n  ' .    .f 'rf  ^'^   ''"tchnnn';  , 
"'Kht.  noxt  .htyoapirnlaiod       Tl  ''^  '"  '"'^''^y  f'orf,  ^fha 

oaine  in  their  wiiv ...      •  '"'"^""<«  "f  PVfrvt).,,.      . 


^ 


26G 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL. 


I   :i 


I 


to  kill  and  wretchedly  to  torture  to  death,  persons  of  each  sex 
and  of  ev<M'y  ajje  thr  prattlint;  infant,  the  blooniin^^  inuid  and 
persona  of  venerable  years,  have  alike  fallen  victims  to  its  vin- 
dictive rage.  On  the  road  to  NVinlerniute's  fort,  we  took 
notice  of  very  hifjh  Timothy  grass.  The  earth  in  general  is 
very  rich,  the  whole  settlement  from  itH  appearance  is  capable 
of  pro<hicing  tin*  lincist  wlieat,  and  every  other  kind  of  grain. 

Friday,  July  Uth.  — (Jpwanls  of  fifty  boats  arrived  from  Snn- 
bury,  loaded  with  stores  and  guarded  by  the  Eleventh  Penn- 
sylvania regiment,  commanded  by  Colonel  Hubley.  Thesmall 
boats,  being  urdoaded,  set  off  again  under  the  «lirections  of 
Captain  (yunniiings,  to  prt)ceed  down  the  8usquehannah  for 
flirt In^r  necessaries. 

Saturday,  .July  10th.-  Early  thismorningGeneral  Hand  with 
Ids  aid-de-cainp,  escorted  by  a  company  of  light  horse,  set  out 
for  Phirris's  ferry,  one  hundred  and  thirty  miles  distant,  in 
order  to  hurry  on  provisions,  the  detention  of  which,  owing  to 
the  unacniountable  neglect  of  those  who  iiave  the  superinten- 
dence of  the  same,  has  occasioned  the  army  to  continue  at  this 
post  for  such  a  length  of  time,  and  bids  fair,  without  the 
spirited  exertions  of  some  superior  officer,  to  prevent  in  a  great 
measure  our  accomjjlishing  the  desiral)le  end  in  view.  Colonel 
Dayton,  returning  fnim  New  Jersey,  brought  with  him  several 
nt'WsjMipers,  the  perusal  of  which  was  a  great  refreshment 
after  such  a  long  political  <lroiith.  Colonel  Read's  regiment 
of  (j^eneral  I'oor's  J^rigiule  marched  to  Sullivan's  Stores,  with 
a  view  of  iiKMidiug  the  roads  and  escorting  the  wagons  which 
are  to  come  on  from  thence  and  Eastoii.  An  ex]MM"iinent  was 
nunle  towards  evening  on  board  of  a  batteau,  by  discharging 
several  shells  from  a  five  and  one  half  inch  howitzer.  It  ap- 
peared that  great  benefit  may  be  derived  there  from,  without 
the  least  injury  befalling  the  1)atteau.  One  of  the  shells  was 
thrown  nine  hundred  yards,  and  upon  it  bursting  exhibited  to 
the  spectators  a  pleasing  sight. 

Sunday,  July  11th.  -  Raining  all  day,  which  prevented  the 
chaplains  from  olliciating.  A  letter  was  received  by  express 
from  Oeneral  Clinton,  dated  head  of  Lake  Otsego,  announcing 
that  twenty -five  Oneida  warriors  had  Joined  liim,  and  that 
the  hostile  Indians  were  collecting  together  in  their  own 
country  where  they  meant  to  oppose  us;  also  that  a  detach- 
ment of  three  hundred  had  been  sent  out  to  distress  and  harass 
our  army  as  murh  as  p«)ssible  on  the  march. 

Monday,  July  12th.— fn  consequence  of  the  above  intelli- 
gence, on(>  hundred  and  fifty  men  with  a  field  piece  were 
order«>d  to  reinforce  (Colonel  Read. 

Tuesday,  July  KUh.  — A  letter  was  received  at  headquarters 


™''  «f"''.IVAN  EXPEDITION. 


the  precoAliufr  evvnhnr  f  '  867 

t^«tacJiiiit.iir  ..f  •   i  ''"etuion  Of  Afo!        "6 '>^  stmt  away 

'"■■Klay,  July  18,1,  _ .  "  "'  "'o 

Monday,  July  liuu      r-   .  '    '"^ 

■r..e.;„u  ':;;';;«•'"'«  ■■e.er.er,!  four  t  ,^r:  r"'^'  """ 

With  two  o       ,  '^""^'^"•">.'  of    Kngl/s,;  «'['••'•  •"•  ''^'"  Pn-vat.; 
'•  """""•«'«!  they  „.ou         ■;,:'"'•  •■"l""i»  fo,-  ,.,,- 

""""""■»«  "ft,,,,  ,l,.y|,„ 


• 


! 


m 


ROr^ERS'  JOUIINAL. 


at  or  near  his  house,  a^  they  were  bending  their  course  that 
way. 

Saturday,  July  24th. — General  Hand  arrived  with  one  hun- 
dred and  twelve  loaded  boats.  On  the  river  they  api>eared 
beautiful  aw  tliey  approached  the  vilhigt;  in  jiroiier  divisions. 
Those  with  field  pieces  on  board  discharged  several  rounds  for 
joy,  which  in  the  surrounding  woods  produced  a  pleasing  echo. 
The  (;Jouiniander-in-r!hief  in  i)ublic  orders  returned  his  cordial 
thanks  to  (funeral  Hand,  Major  Conway,  Captains  Rice  and 
Porter,  and  others  for  their  great  exertions  in  thus  bringing 
forward  the  stores  of  the  army  with  8\ich  expedition.  Also 
expressed  liis  gratHful  acknowledgements  to  Commissary  Gen- 
eral Steele  for  his  attention  and  activity  in  tlie  business.  The 
troops  were  directed  to  be  in  readiness  to  march  on  Wednes- 
day morning  next.  TIk^  di>serters  from  the  German  regiment, 
having  been  tried  by  a  general  court  martial  whereof  General 
Poor  was  President,  having  been  found  guilty,  were  sentenced 
as  follows,  viz.  :  live  to  be  shot,  two  corporals  to  bo  reduced  to 
the  ranks,  and  the  remaining  twenty-two  to  run  the  gauntlet 
tliroughGeneralMaxwelTsand  General  Hand'sbrigadesand  the 
regiment  of  artillery  :  the  resi>ective  punishments  to  take  place 
on  Monday  next  at  four  p  M. 

Sunday,  July  2oth.— No  preaching,  it  being  a  very  rainy  day. 
P.  M. — Visited  tlie  criminals.  The  whole  jip|)eared  attentive 
to  what  wj  s  said,  but  very  ignorant  of  tho.se  things  which  ap- 
pertain to  religion.  In  the  orders  issued  this  day  is  laid  down 
the  line  of  march  for  the  army  from  this  place  to  Tioga.  Gen- 
eral Hand's  brigade,  which  is  to  be  considered  as  the  liglit 
corps,  is  to  move  in  threecolumi. sand  keepsomething  less  than 
a  mile  in  advance  of  the  main  body.  General  Maxwell  will  ad- 
vance by  his  left, tlien  General  Poor  by  his  right,tlie  flank  guard 
on  the  right  to  consist  of  a  field  officer  and  two  hundred  men 
in  two  divisions,  the  (lank  guard  on  the  left  to  consist  of  acap- 
tain  and  sixty  men  in  two  <li visions.  The  pack  horses  and  cat- 
tle to  follow  in  the  roar  of  General  Poor's  brigade.  The  rear 
guard  will  consist  of  a  regiment  complete,  taken  alternately 
from  Maxwell's  and  Poor's  brigades.  Those  of  Colonel  Proc- 
tor's regiment  wlio  are  not  required  with  the  artillery  in  the 
boats  are  to  march  in  the  rear  of  ]\rax well's  brigade  and  form 
on  his  right.  The  main  army  will  keep  as  nearly  abreast  of  the 
boats  as  possible ;  the  horns  in  the  boats  must  be  frequently 
sounded  to  give  notice  of  their  sittiation.  A  captain  and  sixty 
men  will  advance  a  mile  in  front  of  tlie  boats  on  the  west  side  of 
theriver  to  scour  the  cotintrynnd  give  notice  of  ambuscades.  In 
cn.se  of  their  being  attacked  by"a  superior  force  they  are  to  re- 
treat across  the  river,  for  which  purpose  four  light  boats  will 


keep  ahead  of  tl,«n„„.  *•» 

Monday,   Ju,y  201],  _  v.-  •.    ,  "«a  re-       . 

weather  their  -vecti       ^^      """^  "^  ^^^^  Unsettlttl  '    '''^"♦'"n  ; 
5  „-cluck       R«:f      >"*"  '''^  postpone,!  until  t  ^''^**  "''^''^ 

*'*•     "<^«'<^1  a  PhiIa(J..i,.i.j  """tomorrow      P   Ar 

f'"oni  thptn   1..  1     ,  "  *'o''««qnenpf>  ,,f  '-'^neraJ  buj. 

'■"">  >vit„  Plea, ,: L**,",;  :j;  ;'"-""-^  ti-  wiow  „i:t,™ '"  ""■ 

themsel,.;,    "",    "™n'"i"(?  ii.  case  of  „„','' ''''"■'''"'' ''''«' 
l'»ti.io„  w"/;,  ",™  -  "-•,.  an,,  c!,    ?•':'  :•;  ;."»''"Sn,-,h 

"■"'"..  act  Of    ';;':,"  """■■"  ••'«•■."■-"  ,n:r::;  ;■'''■" 

""."luct  a,  ,ve,l  a«  M„u  if  "ri"  "  "'■"> ''""-t  "n     ,  ■    'f  'T' 

Without  lltiTttT   ",f '""''  """•'•V       "re  ^'""■'•"■'""'tio... 
Poor  wa;  nrSr.     ''"''^ '"•'"'^''^'-  whereof  r-''''^  ""*'  ^«n- 

«mnmn(ler-in-Chfef  abso- 


i'as 
le 


m 


mr^ 


i: 


■■i 


870 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL. 


lately  declares  he  will  not  in  future  pardon  n  deserter,  or  one 
who,  thoutrli  his  time  be  expired,  shjill  quit  his  corps  without 
a  proper  discharge  from  his  commandintj  ollicer. "  Instantly 
after  the  aVjove  was  made  known  to  the  criminals,  I  called  in 
to  see  them,  an<l  found  them  calm,  composed  and  thankful ; 
agreeably  to  the  above  order  the  whole  twenty-nine  were  dis- 
missed the  main  guard  and  joined  their  regiment. 

Wednesday,  July  28th. —News  arrived  of  a  large  body  of  In- 
dians havitjg  drawn  about  one  hundred  and  forty  of  our  militia 
stationed  on  the  Delaware,  at  a  place  called  Lackawack,  above 
the  Minisink,  into  an  ambuscade,  only  eighteen  or  twenty  of 
the  party  escai)ing,  ail  the  rest  fell  a  prey  to  savage  barbarity. 
This  unfortunate  affair  happcmed  on  the  !i2d  instant.  Two  or 
three  lield  officers,  with  several  captains,  lieutenants  and  en- 
signs were  among  the  missing.  Colonel  Read  arrived  from 
Sullivan's  Stores  with  his  detachment  and  ninety  loaded 
wagons.  P.  M.— Walked  to  the  park  of  artillery,  on  my  way 
down  saw  a  note  from  Shawnee  directed  to  Dr.  Ellmore,  re- 
questing his  attendance  on  a  man  who,  a  few  miles  distant 
from  this  place,  was  shot  both  in  his  sride  and  thigh  by  some  In- 
dians or  painted  Tories,  but  had  the  good  fortune  to  get  safe 
to  his  faiinly  ;  one  he  knew  to  be  a  white  man,  an  accpiaintance 
of  his,  who  many  months  ago  had  joined  the  enemy. 

*»  Ah  why  will  kings  forget  that  thoy  are  men, 
And  men  that  they  are  brethren — why  delight 
In  human  .saorilice  ?  Why  burst  tlie  ties 
Of  nature  tliat  sliould  knit  their  souls  together 
In  one  soft  bond  of  unity  and  love." 

Thursday,  JmIv  Sflth. — Agreeably  to  previous  determination, 
the  bodies  of  Captain  Davis  and  Lieutenant  Joue.-!  were  re- 
moved from  the  place  of  their  interment  to  the  proper  burying 
ground.  The  brotherhood  met  at  five  o'clock,  and  marching 
by  the  General's  nuirqnee,  had  the  i)leasuro  of  his  company. 
Colonels  Proctor's  and  Hubley's  regiments,  with  drums,  fifes 
and  the  band  of  music,  accompanied  them.  Reaching  the 
graves,  an  excetulingly  heavy  shower  of  rain  prevented  the  de- 
livery of  a  discourse  designed  for  the  occasion,  however,  a 
sh<u't  prayer  was  nuide,  the  bodies  were  inttirnMl  in  Masonic 
form,  and  three  volleys  of  small  arms  fired.  This  evening  Gen- 
eral Sullivan  received  a  letter  giving  a  more  favorable  account 
of  the  Lackawack  battle, makingthe  killed  and  missing  between 
forty  and  fifty.  Orders  wi^re  this  day  given  for  everything  to 
be  gotten  in  readiness  for  the  marching  of  thearmy  on  Saturday 
morning. 

Friday,  July  30th. —A   letter  was   received   by  the  General, 


THE  SULLIVAN  EXPEDITION. 


271 


dated  yesterday  at  Northumberland,  sevenoolock  A.  M.,  from 
Colonel  Cook,  iMforminf^  him  that  the  day  before  the  enemy 
made  themselves  mast tM-s of  Freelanil's  Fort  upon  terms  of  cjap- 
itulation,  viz.  :  "The  men  to  remain  prisonersof  war,  and  they 
with  the  fort  to  be  plunderetl  by  the  Indi.ins,  the  women  to 
go  free."  The  nund)er  of  the  ennmy  before  tjie  fort  wern  two 
hundred  and  lifly,  one-third  of  them  were  British  troons. 
under  the  command  of  Captain  MeDonald,  with  a  corps  dr 
reserve  of  one  hundred  m«'n.  At  >iortliiimb(M-lantl,  which  is 
only  twenty  miles  ilistant  from  tiie  fort,  there  wen;  only  ont- 
hundred  and  lifty  men  to  make  a  stand  for  the  protection  of 
the  wo!uen  and  children,  it  being  impossible  to  get  them  off; 
when  the  express  came  away  they  expected  to  be  attacked 
every  hour;  the  enemy  had  collected  all  the  cattle;  and  abund- 
ance of  plunder  of  every  kind.  Inan  action  after  thecapitula- 
tion,  Captain  Hawkins  lioon  and  fourteen  volunteers  wert; 
killed  and  scalped  avitl  a  few  wounded. 

Saturday,  July  iHst. — This  morning  every  department  of  the 
army  was  very  busy  in  preparing  for  a  movement.  About  one 
o'clock  1*.  M.  the  whole  marched  from  WycMuing  agreeably  to 
the  orders  of  the  2.")th.  The  Ihu't,  under  the  (Command  of  Col- 
onel Procitor,  consisting  of  one  hundred  and  t\v«'nty  boats,  ai)- 
peared  most  beautifidly  on  the  river;  ia  j)assing  the  fort  there 
was  a  mutual  salute  which  gave  universal  satisfaction.  The 
country  we  came  through  to-da.y,  though  genei-jilly  a  wilder- 
ness, alTords  a  pleasing  prosjiect  of  great  improvement  in  a 
future  day;  we  passed  several  plantations,  no  houses  of  any 
kind  standing,  being  all  burnt  by  the  iMiemy;  from  the  road 
we  occasionally  saw  the  river,  which  excit«>d  agreeable  sei.sa- 
tions.  Crossing  Lackawaiuck  creek,  which  is  in  breadth  about 
sixty  yards  and  fordable  all  times  of  the  year  ;  it  empties  in(f) 
the  Susquehaiuiah  ;  encamped  for  the  night  near  lht>  same  on 
a  beautiful  plain  at  Lackawanick,  having  marched  from  Wilkes- 
barre  ten  miles,  and  reaching  tht;  iilain  Ix'tween  the  hours  of 
five  n,nd  six.  Our  course  this  day  N.  N  E.  The  light  coi-ps. 
which  agreeaiily  to  general  orders  were  '■<>  march  in  three 
columns,  were  by  General  Hand  arranged  us  fallows  :  —  Kil- 
eventh  Pennsylvania  regiment  and  (Japtain  Spalding's  in- 
dei)endent  company  advanced  Ijy  jilatouns  from  the  centre 
of  a  line  formed  by  them,  and  const ituted  a,  column  to  pro- 
ceed on  the  nuiin  road.  The  (ferman  regiment  and  ('aptain 
Schott's  independent  corps  from  the  right  of  the  said  reg- 
iment, formed  a  column  and  marched  on  the  right  of 
the  Kleventh,  having  their  rigid  Hank  covered  by  one-third  of 
th(^  light  infantry  of  the  Kleventh  an<l  Schott's  riflemen  in 
Indian  lile.     Two-thinls  of  the  light  infantry  of  the  Elev«'nth 


r^ 


Iir;.'  ; 


'!? 


il  ■■ 


i 


ffV 


UOGKliS'  JOURNAri. 


U2  -, 


uiid  (yiiptain  Spaldinf^'s  rifloinon  inurchrd  in  Itidinn  (llo  on  the 
left  tluiik,  and  answer  ih*^  piirpoHc  of  a  (lurd  coliinin  ;  (>acli 
coliinuiand  llunkin^  party  liad  proport ioni'd  to  tlitMi*  Ktr(Ui<^th 
rosi><>i;tivtily  a  isiuall  party  advan<;(>d  in  front,  tlio  sainit  (o  bu 
ohsi^rvt'd  if  possihW*  nntii  our  arrival  at  Tiojja. 

Sunday,  Aufjfust  1st. — Tin*  pr»'oo«lin{;  ni^^lit  vory  rainy  and  /it 
tiiiU'S  iincoiunionly  heavy,  felt,  very  cold  nn«i  uncomfortable, 
which  n>ay  b(>  att  ribnted  in  a  threat  measure  to  sieepin^^  on  the 
tjrt)und  and  gel  t  infjj  a  ^real  dea!  wet.  (leneral  trand  this  morn- 
ing issued  directions  to  l)e  strictly  <>bs<rved  by  (he  light  corps 
under  his  «'()mmand  in  case  »)f  being  attackiid  on  thtMuarch, 
concluding  with  the  following  e.vpressive  Ijiiiguage:  "The 
Brigadier  begs  leav»>  to  assure  the  litrht  troops  that  experience 
has  taught  h'.ni  i  hat  nuiintaining  a  good  countiMiance  and  a  lit- 
tle perseverance,  which  from  their  known  valor,  he  has  every 
reason  to  e.vpect  will  ensure  success  against  the  kinil  of  enemy 
they  havt*  to  oi)p(^se,  and  thai  turning  their  backs,  h>t  them  be 
presseil  ev«'r  sodosely,  will  end  in  t  heir  utt»'r  ruin.  "  HetwetMi  t  he 
hours  of  two  and  three  v.  M.  the  fleet  arriv«>d,  which,  owing 
to  many  unforeseen  ditliculti»'s,eoidd  n4)t  reach  the  Lackawan- 
ick  sooner;  two  boats,  one  loaded  with  ammunition,  the  other 
with  provisions,  were  sunk;  the  ammunition  and  provisions 
were  saved.  At  three  o'clot^k  1".  M.  our  line  of  nnirch  recom- 
nn'ncetl,  which,  as  we  had  all  our  Ijorses  and  cat  tit*  collected, 
must  have  exhibited  a  grand  spectacle  had  there  been  any  «lis- 
posed  to  take  a  view  of  the  whole.  The  army  being  ol)liged 
to  proceed  in  Indian  llle,  and  llu>  pack  horses  oidy.  Judged  to 
b<>  about  two  thousand  in  number,  must  have  formed,  accord- 
ing to  tlu>  opinion  of  many  of  the  oflicers,  a  line  of  at  least  six 
nules.  This  day  we  iiuirched  seven  miles,  and  arriving  about 
dusk  at  t^uialutimunck,  we  pitched  our  tents  for  the  night, 
contiguous  to  several  tine  springs  on  a,  cousid(M*ably  U^vel  spot 
surrounthnl  by  mountains  and  close  l)y  the  river.  Otir  course 
litis  day  principally  2s.  The  road  we  marched  over  was  ex- 
ceedingly ba.d  ;  we  passed  two  places  called  the  Narrows,  pre- 
vious to  our  reaching  the  first  (whidi  are  one  milt*  in  length) ; 
a  very  great  curit>sity  presenteil  itself  to  view,  viz.,  a  cascade 
or  falling  spring.  The  water  descended  in  great  nbundaneo 
anil  nma/ingly  rapid  dt>wn  a  rock,  intersper.setl  witli  cliasms, 
.  '.>out  eighty  feet  high  ;  the  ear  was  agret>ably  stricken  by  the 
constant  soitntl  created  by  the  tlescending  water;  the  (hstn,nce 
between  the  first  and  second  Narrows  is  three  miles,  whicli  are 
one  ami  a  half  miles  long.  The  ritling  was  mucli  better  than 
at  the  first  Narri>ws,  which  was  very  stony  ami  in  several  places 
BO  sloping  jis  tti  have  rendered  it  unsafe  to  ket*p  on  horseback. 
The  soil  of  this  country  in  general  is  loose  and  ricli,  abounding 


''''^'•^  ''^'iJJV.W 


'"     fn.,..s„f    HIUM.M 


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'U>oJe8  in  breadth. 


^ 


274 


ROGKRS'  JCMJRNAL. 


The  piaoe  where  we  cronsed  it,  about  three-quarters  of  ji  mile 
from  the  Susquehannah,  into  which  it  empties,  was  very  rapid. 
The  path  alouj;  wliieli  we  came  and  on  each  si(h^  of  it  as  lar  as 
we  coulil  see,  wild  {jjrass  had  tJ'"o\vii  iu  abundance.  Some 
places,  owiutj  to  the  herbafje,  emitted  a  most  fragrant  smell, 
and  we  frequently  had  tiie  pleasure  of  viewing;  Uowers  of  vari- 
ous hues.  Hazelnuts  were  ripeniuf^  for  a  long  tract  of  country 
in  auui/in^;  quantities,  and  beyond  a  doubt  nature  has  been 
equally  kind  in  causing  these  wilils  to  abound  with  otiicr 
things  delicious  to  the  taste.  Several  tleer  were  seen,  both  by 
the  oHicers  and  men;  one  came  runinng  close  l)y  us;  none 
dared  to  lire,  it  being  contrary  to  oniers.  Two  privates  inth»< 
right  column,  having  each  shot  a  fawn  were  put  un«ler  guard 
as  it  o(!casioneil  a  small  alarm,  and  unght  iv  not  prevented  l)e 
atteniled  with  bad  consetiueuces.  The  country  all  along 
aV)ound8  with  snakes,  particularly  the  rattlesnake  and  black- 
snake.  At  two  o'clock  V.  U. ,  we  arrived  at  Tunkhunnuuk, 
and  encamped  on  the  banks  of  the  Susquehannah,  about  a  mile 
from  where  we  crossed  the  creek  of,the  same  name.  The  lleet 
got  U[»  between  the  hours  of  three  and  four.  This  day  we 
marched  twelve  miles,  course  N.  N.  W. 

Wednesday,  August  4th. —Tl  e  light  tr(»opH  marched  at  live 
o'clock  in  the  morning,  and  the  main  body  at  si.\.  Soon  after 
we  .set  out  we  entered  upon  the  third  place  since  we  left  Wyom- 
ing called  tlie  Narrows,  a  iidlt^  a,nd  a  half  in  leirgth,  a  very  bad, 
stony  passage.  These  Narrows  oi  ilefiles  are  on  the  west 
bounded  by  the  river,  which  upon  that  account  when  the 
water  is  very  high  cannot,  w«dl  be  travelled  over.  On  the  ea.st 
they  are  bounded  by  exceedingly  lofty  and  seemingly  impassa- 
ble mountains,  (jetting  (dear  of  this<lelile  we  had  to  rise  a 
monstrous  hill,  very  steep,  with  a  narrow  pathway,  for  in  case 
a  horse  should  uuss  his  step  he  must  fall  at  least  one  hundred 
and  llfty  feet  ;  the  spectacle  was  liorrid.  Having  suruu)unted 
this  ililUculty  we  had  the  pl»»asure  of  nuirching  through  a  good 
«leal  of  open  wood,  though  one  or  two  disagre«^able  swamps 
opposed  us  in  our  passage;  in  line,  many  of  yesterday's  (»l)ser- 
vat  ions  artuipplicable  to  this.  Kight  udles  from  Tunkhunnunk 
is  a  ilelightful  creek  called  Masshappen  or  Massappe,  in  l)rea,d(  h 
seven  rods;  we  crossed  it  near  its  nu)Uth.  The  wilderness 
thereabouts  goes  by  its  name.  l"N)r  two  miles  after  we  passed 
this  creek  we  nuirched  over  a  flue  level  tract,  and  then  entered 
upon  another  defile  not  near  so  tedious  as  the  fornn-r.  Arriv- 
ing at  a  place  called  Hlack  Walnut  Hottom,  our  tents  were 
pitdied  for  the  night  on  the  river  baidi.  Tlie  main  body  en- 
camped on  a  tract  formerly  iuipioved  by  one  Vanderlip;  the 
li({lit  troopH  farther  on,  where  one  Williamson  tield  a  planta- 


tion. 


■THR  SL-IXn-AN  KXPEI.rr,o.v. 


'funpiueut 


••''^•^'<.  vi..,  aiacl 


275 


() 


'«M»*'Il(|;uMT, 


'"•  "larcj.   tin's  ,i 


ti^'nvrnl,  northwest 


">'  ^vas  (|,i,.f 


III   l»('tW0('Ti  tj 


'i«'  rwfx'ii 


<'«'(li2 


U'   (lays,  w,.    j,,„| 


•Ativan,  of^vainr.    () 


^f  the  |)nft 


♦'•*'l    lllil.'s.        O 


'neiny  thouirl 


'"ff  our  iislwi 


'^'i  IK)  real  (Ji 


«('v.'ral   fJvi 


II 


■iiiaii   Jfaiis.'ll 


st'overies  wtr 


11  rli] 


a   I't'port.s    ( 


'""   "f    tlw   .vstHHp  J 


iir 


I>  Jiill 


•^'»>'uHias,„Hlu.prt 


•"»vre  an<l  infrod,.,,,, 


iDade.      'i 


'»'l(r(M-nii){.    fl„. 


Mhif.h   Jia 


'••'<iM-nH,|    fn„„   ,,j,  ,, 


'■''    '><^<Js  aiKj    ^l 


(•ontentf.,1 

in  all  coiKJitioiis. 


^■"'f,'  rHfr<.,si,(.,| 


'lilMSt'lf    AvitI 


1  a,  LMJod 


owards  ev 
iiiiki 


•'11- 


'vof,.,!   th, 


."!'"•' ••"Id  a  f,^oc,d 


<';;rs.lvHsw..,v,i,vds.,,d 
«''^  to  invifrorat 


•^tl-ill^r,,!'     jjj,, 


"!^'  man 


i<'r  III 


I,  on 
'<*'  to  oiir 


c  njscience  wjlj 


iiml 


"If,' slt-cj).       -x 


'*^*  Ji  luan  li 


'H 


lapjjy 


ail  iiniver-sal  Lord!  l,o  1 


axo^rathoredougluor 


'•I'liUeous  stih 
if  tJ 


lo  n 


r)isj)eri 


<o  it, 


'Vil 


^'Jinrsday,  A 


"«  '">"•  liglit  disi,el«  th 


ight 
or  <'on('oalod 
f  dark.' 


till   late  1 1 


"f,'<ist  otli,    -]{v 


"^'nornin^Ml.,.  li.;,,t 


'•^tlUfHl  of  tll(.   I 


'"'■"^"'k'l'ti.   Clock      II 


r<";MHMtercdaMotI„.r,|,di 


'<'  'iiaiii  lK,dv  ti 


"■"<'I>s  did  not 


><».•! ts  not    ,,,.,.i^, 


iiii 


ill  I 


'■'•fJTfli,  ) 


<>"    tlic  cast 


""iiidcd  ,,s  1 1 


•'  <>!•  narrows  tli 


"'!'•  usual  t 


I 


mving  tlu 


"PpHai-.'d    rati 


";;"-'i-r,lcnics,  thouK'i 


''^'•'-qiiartci 


'".•"•f'li   (ill   half 
•'III'  afrcr.      \y^, 


>*'>i'a  iiiii,. 


fftvcll,.,!  ,,v 


'••"•'•' >^^>^  we  ascH.Klcd 


•HI-    more   i.crp,.„dicul 


»^'"  the  mount 


iins 


Innd 


«'i-  a 


III 


SOIUC   li]ti( 


'""lisidrMvihl, 


a  St 


C( 


•■'■   'llid    loftr 


run 


meadow.     About 

••rosscdasiuall 
'"'•view  of    f|„.  ,„ 
♦'*>l<>jicl  ifartl 
c(u  Were  as  f 


•'^  '^■«*'-y  indi/rer 


f'P'"    part  of  tl 


two 


mil, 


■•''It,  in  otlu>r 


"I-  cre,>k  tiaiued  T 
•»  places  wl 


<'-""i    Hiack  Wal 


le  country.  f| 
■^  '•ieli  and  fit  c 
""^   l^otto.u,  w, 


le 
or 


til 


ey  s  n 


lere    t]i( 


■ff""ent  on  its  return  f, 


us,.arojr(,,  („ok 
''"•'my  last  fall 


"i><lied.      -W 


Hvorahle  for  act 


killed.  1 


•;i.ussed  by  a  skull  of 


'•'"  as  the  1 


•oni  'J^ 


"  particu- 
att.icked 


"!«•  marcjied 


'an;,'injr  <,u 


a  small  ti 


•(.,. 


to  Wval 


iisii 


"^■'''••'i  low  and 


•»"e  of  our 
Aft 


'•'^•nueut 


"f^'"-       Hot  h  of 


•■ould   I,, 


'"•'"  wlio  wastl 


•^1-  We  left  this  h„/.,| 


i\-e 

UMl 


"■'^  liad  a,  plHusi 


';,'  '"<)unfain.     'j"| 


■•^wauipy  pi,.,.,,  of 


II,  h 


a\- 


K^ 


^''•oiin.l  we< 


'"•"•''  than  s, 


"*,'vi,.wnf  theS 


;'-^''''   ^^'"sgr..lual.  atti 


""-••irciilar.  I'l 


"f^qtiehannal 


"••"•'■'^'^••"IN'.I  the  Horse  SI 


•'Winj-firoui,,!  a  I 


I  ;  itsf 


aiii,> 

le   to, 


orui  is  rath. 


<'f>iif(^ss  to  I 


I' 


''-'•'Krlitly  named 


'•»•',  which  ev 


'•om  the  top,,f  ti 


'"•^'••tfact  of  wild. 

""^e.'s  it    will 


•''T  one  wl 


"it'nt  are  als 


"'"">""»ain  th,.p| 


so 


K^'vuliial  as  tl 


visible,  the, I 


'■•'"'■'"">,'   the   f,„,t 


'<' ascent.      '1^1 


•'•^•••'"I  of  tli,M 


plains  of  \vv,jj 


'•'  '"oiinfaii 


">i"irain  i 


iisin^r,s<,,,,j 


11 


I  )e  i 


'•'«'S  ni\-ev, 


'S  , 


weentere<Ia   (hid 


'  '"•'  <wo  mil 


•''"ot  nearly 


es  o\-,.,. 


"ff  id  circumf 


v<'i-  beheld  of  tl 


'^•^f^'>"tainiug  ()„.,„ 


on 


und  thirty  f,et,  ami 


erenc,.,  take 


'^'><.VC(iiiioreor  I 


rgest 


i"  "lianieter  b  «( 


''""wi(han,,ther.  |,Ht 


'"tlon  woodi,i,„, 


^^■•''^"""lea.Hl    twel 


Ween  tweiit 


\-e  (•(.,.(_ 


270 


ROGKRS'  JOURNAL. 


I:!' 


Notwithfstandin}?  tlivse  trees,  t lie  bottom  is  called  Sufjfur  Bot- 
ioTii,  on  account  of  ilm  Sugar  IMaplc.  Alon^?  tliis  bottom  tliere 
f^njws  plenty  of  a  root  called  ssweet  Sicily,  of  a  Hinular  taste 
witli  anise-seed  and  very  useful.  On  tlie  mountain  and  in  the 
bottom  we  saw  several  spots  wliere  the  Indians  had  encamped  ; 
fresh  Indian  1  racks  wcii^  discovered  and  one  of  their  canoes 
was  taken  nj*  by  JNlr.  Lodge,  also,  by  some  of  our  soldiers,  a  raft 
with  a  pair  of  moccasous.  An  engagement  was  expected 
throughout  the  day,  but  granting  that  the  enemy  had  a  fair 
view  <^)f  us,  of  which  we  had  not  the  least  doubt,  they  sulTered 
us  to  pass  uninoleste«l,  notwithstanding  the  many  advanta- 
geous i)oststhey  might  have  occupied  in  annoying  us.  From  the 
foot  of  the  mountain  to  Wyalusing,  the  distance  is  one  and  a 
half  miles.  Wyalusing,  which  we  i'«'ached  in  good  season,  con- 
sists of  about  one  thousand  acres  of  clear  land  anui/.ingly  fertile 
and  containing  beds  of  extraordinary  Ihic  Knglisli  grass.  Since 
the  present  contest  tlie  town,  whicli  was  inhal)ited  by  i\Joravian 
Indians,  has  been  i)artly  <lestroyed  by  our  people  and  partly 
by  the  Indians,  It  contains  ui)wards  of  eight y  good  square 
logliousesaiid  a  fineoriui.n\ented  Mortivian  church  in  the  centre 
■with  a  ))ell.  The  minister  rv>sided  in  the  town,  there  Avas  also  a 
tavern  and  other  public  buildings  ;  all  of  which  without  excep- 
tion were  demolished  or  rafted  down  the  Susquehannah.  No 
sign  of  even  the  smallest  hut  was  left  standing.  These  Iii'  ians 
moved  olT  with  their  families  towa.rds  the  Ohio.  On  this  fine 
open  plain,  like  a  bed  of  down,  the  main  army  encamped  The 
light  troops  marched  a  nule  further  on,  contiguous  to  an  ex- 
cellent spring,  the  place  abounding  with  good  pasture  and  dis- 
tant from  the  river  about  half  a  nule  where  we  made  our  lires 
and  took  up  our  abode  for  the  night.  This  days  march  was 
nine  miles,  course  north,  80°  west,  or  northwest  by  west. 
Wyalusing  i>lains  are  exactly  fifty  ndles  from  Wyoming,  agr»'e- 
ably  to  the  acttud  survey  of  Mr.  Lodge.  The  country  here- 
abouts  i':  excellent  for  hunting. 

Friday,  August  (ith.-  This  day  the  army  halted,  a  party  of 
thirty  men  fiom  the  light  corps  with  a  comnussioned  oflic»M' 
were  sent  out  on  a  scout  aiul  returned  without  nuiking  any 
discoveries.  Towards  evening  I  rode  to  headquarters,  where 
infornuition  had  been  received  of  fotir  hundred  and  fifty  Brit- 
ish troop-i  from  ('anada.  having  joined  the  Indians,  also  a  great 
body  of  savages  from  that  qtiarter  having  been  implored  so  to  do 
by  Colonel  Brant,  a  devoted  servant  of  the  mi\u  who  bears  the 
title  of  the  "  Defemler  of  the  Faith."  May  the  Lord  give  him 
that  faith  which  Avorketh  by  love.  Vfsiteil  Colonel  I*rocloron 
board  tlu'  "Adventure,"  an*l  feltlmpj)y  in  lindingall  the  fleet 
8afely  arrived  anil  m»)ored  along  the  shore  of  Wyalusing  plains. 


THE  SULLIVAN  EXPEDITION.  2T7 

The  eveniiifj  rainy,  Avhich  contiiunMJ  almost  the  whole  niglit. 
Through  the  (•oiiiitry  the  nights  and  niornings  are  g<>nerally 
foggy  ;  when  we  were  in  Wyoming,  an<I  sinee  we  left  it  1  scarcely 
remember  seeing  any  clear  sunshine  until  consi(ieral)ly  late 
in  the  ilay. 

Hatunlay,  August  Tth.  —  Hy  reason  of  the  rain  the  army  con- 
tinued at  Wyahising.  We  hear  that  Indians  hail  Ijeen  doing 
mischief  on  the  west  l)ran<di  of  the  iSusquehannah  near  Nortli- 
umberland.  Nothing  new  occurred  among  us  e.\cei)t  that  one 
or  two  scouting  parties  were  sent  out  who  returned  wirhout 
making  any  discoveries.  Wjalusing  i)elonged  to  one  Joh 
(Jhihleway  an  Indian,  a  friend  of  our  cause.  Indian  Job  died 
last  winter.  Many  handsome  things  are  spoken  of  him  ;  which 
make  his  manners  to  bt* 

"  Hy  strangers  lionored,  and  by  strangers  inounuHl." 

Sunday,  August  8th. — Tln^  light  troops  marched  at  five 
o  clock  in  the  morning  and  tim  main  body  at  six.  We  crossed 
Wyahising  creek,  a  luie  stream,  where  it  is  eighty  feet  wide  in 
batteaux.  Having  soon  afterwards  ascended  u  long  and  high 
mountain,  which  consisted  of  a  good  deal  of  miseral)le  but 
some  rich  land,  \vti  found  our  march  tolerably  agreeably  as 
the  woods  were  not  as  thick  as  connuon.  Tlie  desi-ent  of  tht' 
mountain  was  very  rough  and  steep.  We  then  passed  along 
a  short  tlelile,  leaving  which  our  <'ourse  was  for  a  considerable 
distance  along  the  banks  of  tin'  river  through  agl(>omy  thicket. 
Having  waded  through  tin*  creek  an<l  descench'd  another  steep 
place,  we  entered  upon  another  defile  rather  longer  and  more 
tedious  than  tlie  former  one.  After  this  we  soon  airived  at 
Standing  Ston(*  Flats,  <listant  from  Wyahising  ten  ndles.  Here? 
is  plenty  of  good  la.nd,  fit  for  meadow  and  for  raising  wheat 
and  other  grain.  It  was  formerly  settled  l)y  a  few  families, 
some  of  whom  have  since  been  so  villainous  as  to  join  the  sav- 
age.s.  Just  upon  entering  these  Hats,  I  saw  tin*  stone  from 
whiidi  they  take  their  name,  it  is  upon  the  o[)posiie  shore, 
on  the  cap  of  the  wati'r  with  which  ir  is  usiuilly  surroiui(le<l. 
Its  height  is  twenty  fttet.  Its  breadth  fourteen  feet.  I  ts  thick- 
ness two  and  a  half  fe«'t.  At  the  back  of  it  is  a,  large  rock  form- 
ing more  than  asenn-circle  upon  which  it  is  supjxtsed  a.  con- 
siderable tenement  might  be  erected.  Tassing  then  through 
another  thicket,  we  caiiu'  to  a  third  delile,  (he  wor<i  iuiit<>\v 
Passage,  on  account  of  stone  and  roughness,  which  we  have 
met  with  since  we  left  Wy<Mning.  Surmounting  this  «liniculty 
and  passing  over  a  tract  of  exceedingly  flue  Ixittom,  we  arrived 
at  Weesauking  or  Rush  Meadow  Creek,  a  stream  both  narrow 
and  Hhallow.     Not  far  from  this,  on  tlie  banks  of  the  Suscpn^- 


<K 


iii  '*  rii 


278 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL. 


liannah  we  eueainped  for  tlie  night.  Trie  ground  wan  level  and 
very  good,  but  we  could  lind  no  spring  water.  J)istance  to-iiay 
thirteen  and  a  half  miles,  our  course  northwe.st.  Captain  Husli 
having  gathered  a  few  wild  gooseberries,  gave  nie  one  to 
tnste  ;  they  are  exju'llj'  similar  to  the  tame  kind.  1  plucked  some 
wild  pinks,  and  .saw  wiltl  tulips,  anil  also  plenty  of  crabapples. 
Acro.sH  tlie  river,  and  iii)on  an  islaml,  we  luul  the  pleasure  of 
viewing  a  large  llock  of  wild  ducks  ;  contrary  to  orders  to  lire, 
or  we  might  have  had  an  excellent  sispper.  This  country 
abouuds  also  in  turkeys,  which,  in  their  llight  near  us  make  us 
often  wi.-ih  lor  a  repeal  of  I  he  general  orders.  General  Sulli- 
van ))eing  ill,  took  passage  on  board  thelleet,  which  arrived  at 
Standing  Stone  Flat,  wh<^re  the  luain  bo<ly  of  the  army  tarried 
during  thti  night.  On  this  day's  march  we  sa.w  one  or  tw<» 
places  where  the  savages  had  lately  encani[)ed,  also  an  Indian 
paddle  lloatuig  d(JWM  the  river,  and  a  canoe  lying  on  the  beach. 
A  scouting  parly  which  had  gone  forward  many  miles,  return- 
ing infornu^d  us  that  they  had  seen  three  tnicks  of  Indians,  antl 
a  spot  wherti  they  had  lately  set  ilown.  They  were  und<»ubtedly 
spying  our  prf)gress  thougli  as  yet  \ve  have  n»et  Avith  no  ini- 
[)>'diment  from  them. 

^[ouday,  August  !)th.  — The  main  army  nor  reaching  Wee- 
sanking  till  ten  o'clock,  A  .  M.,  the  light  troops  did  not  leave  it 
until  one-(]uarter  of  an  hour  afterwanls.  (Considering  our  ad- 
vanced position,  Ave  were  under  .soiue  expectation  of  a  visit 
from  our  tawney  neighbors.  Howev«'r,  we  passed  the  night 
without  being  disturlied.  Soon  after  we  set  out,  we  were  a 
111  tie  obstructed  by  a  swamp.  Afterwards,  as  usual,  our  time 
was  employed  in  rising  and  descending  mountains  ;  .sonjetimes 
nuirciung  by  the  river,  but  mostly  at  a  considerable  distance 
froiu  it.  The  land  was  without  (exception  rich  ;  J)ut  none  of  the 
timber,  though  of  various  kinds,  by  any  lueans  nigh  as  large  as 
that  which  nmy  be  seen  between  Wyoming  and  Easton.  l-Je- 
tween  four  and  five  miles  from  Weesaidviug  we  came  to  a  hill 
called  13reak-neck  Hill.  It  is  an  (exceeding  iwirrow  ami  side 
long  i)ath  along  a  very  high  mountain,  alioiit  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  l<»ng,  wil h  scarcely  room  for  man  and  horse  to  walk  in, 
and  in  case  of  a  misstep  nothing  seejuingly  could  preserve  froiu 
instaut  death,  as  the  fall  luust  be  at  leasr,  one  hundre<l  and 
eighty  feet  perpendicular  down  ro'ks  into  the  river.  W<i  got 
«afe  over  this  shocking  passage.  The  /iriuy  nuirched  with 
orders  (o  stop  one  mile  ahead  of  the  first  plains  of  Shesecim- 
nunk,  o{)posite  to  which  on  the  f)ther  shore  had  been  an  Indian 
setth'iuent,  «'onsisting  of  a  few  houses.  Thev  were  tlestrt>yed 
last  fall  by  Colonel  Hartley's  detachment.  Owing  to  the  mis- 
take of   the  guides  or   some   other  cause  the  first  plains  were 


jL 


THK  SULLIVAN   KXPKDITION. 


2T!> 


passed.  It  was  then  jiul}r<Ml  proper  to  i)rocee«l  through  tlie 
\v»)o(l,s  to  the  upper  plains  of  SliKsecuiiiiunk,  wiiieli  we  readied 
at  live  o'clock,  i*.  M.  Near  these  plains  and  on  them,  we 
plainly  discovered  many  fresh  tracks  of  the  enemy ;  and  we 
doubt  not  of  their  having  been  here  but  a  short  time  before 
our  arrival.  March  of  the  light  troops  to-day  from  Weesauk- 
ing  I'pper  Plains  eleven  miles.  Our  general  course  north  by 
northwest.  On  this  as  well  as  on  sonu!  of  the  jn-eceding  days, 
we  saw  several  of  the  bows  on  which  the  Indians  dry  the  scalps 
tliey  take.  Two  or  three  canoes  were  taken  up  opposite  our 
encamping  ground.  This  days  march  wjis  very  fatiguing  and 
several  of  the  nuMi  gave  out.  A  good  deal  of  the  groujid  we 
passed  over  was  covered  with  pea  vines.  May  api)les  were  alsso 
plenty. 

Tuesday,  August  10th.  -Captain  OilTord  whocouunanded  the 
detachment  of  the  army  on  the  west  side  of  the  river,  gave  us 
a  little  liistory  of  his  march  and  observations,  dilfering  not 
mucli  from  that  of  the  army  on  the  east  side.  The  Ueet  ar- 
riv«'d  between  eight  and  nine  t)'c]ock  this  morning  aft«u"  a  tedi- 
ous jnissage  from  Weesauking.  Yesterday  about  four  o'clock, 
I*.  M.,  they  burned  an  Indian  town  on  the  west  haidv  of  the 
river,  and  containing  about  twenty-eight  wigwams.  One  of 
the  boats  was  suidv  on  the  passage;  but  n  party  being  sent 
down  for  the  purpose,  savetl  all  the  Hour  but  two  barrels,  liy 
this  day's  general  orders  the  quantum  of  rations  was  diuni'i- 
ished  ;  several  n^asons  nuide  uumifest  the  i)ropriety  of  this  meas- 
ure. General  Sullivan,  with  the  brigadiers,  and  a  regiment 
from  each  brigade  who  went  out  to  reconnoitre,  returned  with- 
out making  discovery  of  any  savages. 

Wednesday,  August  11th. — The  light  troops  marched  from 
upper  8hescecunk  at  half  past  seven,  the  main  body  at  eight 
ocrlock,  A.  M.  Proceeding  about  one  ndle  and  a  half  we  arrived 
at  a  fording  place  on  the  Susquehannah,  unknown  to  any  of 
our  guides,  but  found  out  on  tlie  ])receding  <lay  by  the  general 
ollicers.  The  troops  j)ursuant  to  orders,  taking  olT  their  over- 
alls and  tying  them  about  their  necks,  crosses!  in  platoons 
under  cover  of  the  fleet,  each  soldier  grasping  the  hauil  of  his 
(Mtmrade  next  to  him  for  support.  The  current  being  stroiig 
and  the  water  for  a  considerable  di.stance  coming  up  to  the 
nuddle  of  the  men,  some  considerable  dirticulties  were  en- 
countered, but  notwithstanding  every  impediment  the  whole 
body  got  over  without  sulTeriug  any  peculiar  tlisadvantage 
(irenernl  Hand  in  order  to  aninuite  his  brigade,  dismounte<l 
and  marched  through  on  foot  at  the  hea«l  of  his  soldiers. 
Such  an  army  crossing  a  river  with  so  much  regularity  at  a 
place  so   rapid  and  in  width  three  hundred  and  thirty  ya.rds, 


^TT 


'  1    •' 


'i 


\i 


380 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL. 


jifTords  the  spentator  a  pleasiiij^  wi^lit,  ainl  must  have  stniok 
our  enemies  with  awe.  I  nuist  doubt  whether  the  army  of 
Alexander  the  Great  encountered  us  many  dillicidties  wit li  as 
much  gooii  liumor  as  ours  has  evinced.  Tiie  river  beinf?  forded 
we  entered  upon  what  is  properly  called  the  Indian  (Mnintry, 
or  that  part  of  tlie  wilderness  claimed  by  tin*  six  nutii  lis,  tlie 
boundary  on  the  west  side  is  the  Tawandee  Creek,  emptyiuf^ 
into  the  Susquehannah,  al>out  three  miiesabovt*  Weesaukin^. 
The  army  beiuj^  formed  as  tisual  we  proceeded  sometimes  in  sin 
{^le  files,  and  then  in  double,  through  a  thicket  till  we  cntenMl 
those  beautiful  plains  where  the  Tioga  branch  unites  itself 
with  the  main  river.  On  this  level  spot  stood  Queen  Kslher's 
palace,  burned  by  ('olonel  liarrley  last  fall.  Over  tlu)se  plains 
the  army  marched  towards  the  mouth  of  the  Tioga,  in  order 
of  battle,  the  ligiit  troo[)s  l)eing  Joined  by  two  three-pounders 
from  the  n^giment  of  artillery.  The  view  of  this  was  grand 
beyond  description,  as  the  ground  for  a  great  circuit  was  Icvi'l 
and  the  grass  high  and  green.  Drums  were  l»eating,  fifes  play- 
ing, colors  flying.  Getting  to  the^  mouth  of  the  Tioga,  we 
found  it  in  width  one  hundred  and  forty-two  yards,  and  the 
water  mnch  deeper  than  had  been  imagined.  Verdant  plains 
in  our  rear,  the  flowing  Susqiudiannah  on  our  right.  Our- 
selves in  the  Tioga  or  Oayuga  stream,  with  a  line  neck  of  land 
in  our  front  and  mountains  surrounding  the  whole,  afforiled 
pleasant  reflections  though  sejjarated  from  friends  and  in  an 
enemy's  country.  Surely  a  soil  like  this  is  worth  contending 
for.  Possessing  ourselves  of  the  north  si<leofthe  'J'ioga,  and 
passing  through  a  swamjjy  piece  of  ground  w«*  entered  upon 
other  plains,  pleasing  to  the  eye,  though  not  so  grand  as  those 
on  the  south.  Here  the  nniin  body  encamju'd  ;  the  light  troops 
jiroceeded  farther  on,  f>ne  column  on  the  banks  of  the  Siisque- 
hannah,  and  another  on  those  of  the  Tioga  banks.  The  land 
in  general  very  line.  Ha,ving  jidvanced  a  mile  and  better,  our 
tents  were  pitched  from  river  to  river,  judged  to  be  two  hun- 
dred yards.  Just  below  our  encampmejit  we  took  a  view  of 
the  Indians'  carrying  p'ace,thirteen  yards across,so called  from 
their  cari'ying  or  <lragging  their  canoes  from  river  to  river  to 
save  themselves  the  trouble  of  paddling  round  the  neck. 

On  the  west  side  of  the  Tioga  is  a  most  beautiful  tract  of  level 
nnd  line  country,  t«>rminated  by  a  mountain.  On  this  tract 
an  Indian  town  fornnirly  stood  ;  it  was  destroyed  by  theui- 
selves.  This  day  we  marched  five  miles,  course  due  north.  Saw 
Oaptain  .Tehoiakiin,  who  with  four  men  had  come  thus  far 
forward  the  day  before.  He  picked  up  one  or  two  horses  that 
had  been  left  behind  by  the  savages.  Captain  Jehoiakim's 
three  Stockbridge  Indians  left  us  at  Wyoming. 


THE  SULLIVAN   KXPKPITION, 


2H\ 


Thursilay,  Auf^iist  l'3tli.  —  Ro(1h  to  th«'  other  ('ucampiiieiil. 
Tlu'  scouting;  parly  \vhi<*li  went  out  tlif  cvtMiiti;^  bctor*-  with 
f^aptain  (.'miimiiis,  returned  ahout  tliree  o'clock,  v.  M.  Tlie 
accounts  Ijrouf^hv  by  them  of  Chemung  and  t  he  seeiniii'j  se- 
curity of  the  Indians  ther»!  as  well  as  of  sonic  white  persons, 
to}|et  her  Willi  tiieir  lields  of  <'oni,  eut. ,  iiidiK-ed  the  (Tciieral 
after  hohiinj^  a  council  lo  deteniiine  H)  surprise  the  villujj;e  it 
possible.  Accordiiifjfly  bet  ween  nine  and  ten  o'clock  ut  nif^hl, 
the  major  jiart  of  tli<*arniy  marched  with  the  utmost  silence 
for  th(3  place  with  the  f 'ommander-in-<  Miief.  his  family  consist - 
inj^  of  (xencirals  I'oor,  Hand  and  others,  (feneral  ^faxwell  lie- 
inj^  unwell,  tarried  behind.  To  have  been  of  ilie  party  myself 
was  my  fervent  desire,  but  1  could  not  petition  for  it  to  be 
j^ranted,  after  Ijeinj^  requested  by  (ieneral  Hand  to  stay  and 
take  charjje  of  our  family  baj^jj^aj^e  and  stores,  which,  among 
stich  domestics  as  we  are  blessed  with,  was  the  necessary  duty 
of  some  one.  ("aprain  (Jummins"s  part  y  brou^^ht  in  with  them 
two  fresli  scalps  lately  taken  by  the  lndian>.  the  crowns  of 
each  only  cut  out.  One,  from  the  thinness  of  the  skin,  must 
have  been  iiu  infants.  In  this  day's  j^eneral  orders  appeared 
in  Hub.>-:tance  the  following:  "As  the  army  will  soon  be  <*alled 
upon  to  march  ag.linst  an  enemy  whose  savage  barbarity  to 
our  fellow  citiztnis,  has  rtMidered  them  proper  subjects  of  our 
resentment,  the  (Ieneral  assures  them  that  tliough  their  num- 
ber shoidd  even  be  e(pial,  which  he  is  sensildi'  cannot  be  the 
case,  yet  it  is  his  lirm  oitinion  tney  cannf)t  withstand  the 
bravery  and  discipline  of  the  troops  he  has  the  honor  to  com- 
ma,nd.  Nevertheless  it  ought  to  be  rememiiered  that  they  are 
a  secret,  desultory  and  rapiil  U»\  sei/.ing  every  advantage  and 
availing  thesmelves  of  every  defeat  on  our  jiart.  Shotild  we  be 
so  inattentive  to  ouv  own  safety  as  to  give  way  before  them, 
they  become  the  most  (lang<'rous  and  most  destructive  enemy 
that  can  possibly  be  conceived.  They  follow  th<^  unhappy 
fugitives  with  all  the  cruel  and  unrelenting  hate  of  prevail- 
ing cow.irds,  a,nd  are  not  satisfied  with  slaughter  until  they 
have  totally  destroyed  their  oi)ponenis.  It  therefore  becomes 
every  officer  and  soldier  to  resolve  never  to  lly  befor(*  such  an 
enemy,  but  di^termine  either  to  conquer  or  jierish,  which  will 
«-ver  insure  success.  Should  they  t  lius  determine  and  thusact, 
nothing  but  an  uncommon  frown  of  Trovid(Mice  cun  prc^vent 
ns  from  obtaining  that  whi<di  will  insiir<^  j'eace  and  security  to 
our  frontiers,  and  alTord  lasting  honor  to  all  concerned. 

Friday,  August  13th.— That  part  of  our  army  which  marched 
for  (Miemnng  the  evening  before  returned  at  «lusk.  The  par- 
ticulars relative  to  this  enterprise  as  collected  from  several 
friends,  particularly  Major  Edwards,  areas  following;  Owing 


•■i'm. 


i 


28'^ 


U()(iKRS"  JOURNAL. 


r'. 


to  many  inconv«'iii»Mices  atttMidin^r  a  inarch  by  night  in  a  wild- 
ern«^ss,  thtn' did  not  arrive  ait  ('heniung  till  after  «hiyii^hi  : 
nevertheless  the  morning  l)eintf  very  i'oggy,  fiivored  their  un- 
<Jertaking.  Having  snrrounded  the  lown,  1o  their  great  Mor- 
row they  foinid  it  ai)andoned.  Its  sitimrion  was  heantifnl, 
being  on  the  banks  of  the  Ti(jga  l)runch.  The  houses  in  gen- 
eral were  good,  some  i)nilt  of  logs,  others  of  hewed  slabs,  in 
numbers,  upwards  of  thirty  witli  a  couneil  house.  The  whohf 
was  immediately  set  lire  to,  anJ  the  place  totally  destroyed. 
The  infantry  then  moved  on  towards  another  Indian  village 
called  xSewtown,  distant  from  (Chemung  seven  or  eight  miles 
in  pursuit  of  the  savages,  wlio  with  their  cattle  were  supposed 
to  have  taken  that  route.  Proceeding  about  one  mile,  they  • 
(;ame  to  tint  place  where  the  savages  had  passed  the  night,  but 
being  ap{)rlzed  of  our  approach  they  nnide  their  escape,  leav- 
ing behind  their  blankets,  lires  burning  and  dogs  asleej)  by 
them.  General  Hand  having  by  Major  Eilwards.  requested 
General  Sullivan  to  allow  him  to  goon  to  Newtown,  General 
Sullivan  ctuisented,  i)rovided  General  Hand  would  engage  to 
return  next  morning  to  Tioga.  General  Hand  then  determined 
instantly  to  push  forward.  Captain  Hushs  infantry  being  on 
the  right  (lank,  and  the  advance  party  but  a  little  in  front, 
the  light  corps  thus  moving  forward  soon  came  to  a  very  high 
hill  or  rather  ridge,  which  ran  along  on  their  right.  The  In- 
dians, who  had  lixeil  themselves  there  for  the  purjjose,  imme- 
diately discharged  a  very  sharp  volley  upon  our  advanced 
party  which  wounded  t'aptain  Franklin,  their  guide.  Adju- 
tant Hinton,  and  a  few  others,  killeil  a  sergeant  and  some  pri- 
vates. The  11th  Pennsylvania  regiment  hereupon,  in  a  mo- 
ment, pushed  up  the  hill  with  an  astonishing  rapidity.  The 
savages  as  they  were  advancing  gave  them  another  well  di- 
rected lire,  but  seeing  the  determineil  spirit  of  our  troops,  siul- 
denly  fled.  The  light  ct)rps  pursued  them  some  distance  and 
were  pushing  for  Newtown,  but  General  Sullivan  arriving, 
thought  it  best  for  them  to  return  in  oriler  to  destroy  their 
fields  of  corn  which  were  very  line  indeed  and  supposed  to  be 
in  the  whole  nearly  a  hundred  acres.  From  the  quantity  of 
corn  and  potatoes  stored  there  Chemung  was  judged  to  be  de- 
signated for  a  magazine  to  supply  their  future  wants.  As  Gen- 
eral Poor's  brigade  were  destroying  an  upper  field  they  were 
lired  upon  by  the  Indians.  lie  had  one  man  killed  and  two  or 
three  more  wouiuled.  The  whole  business  of  laying  waste  their 
ground  and  burning  their  villages  was  completed  before  one 
o'clock,  P.  M.,  the  detachment  having  nuirchetl,  going  and  re- 
turning, above  thirty  miles.  The  llth  Pennsylvania  regiment 
liad  six  killed,  viz.,  one  sergeant,  one  drummer  and   four  pri- 


TIIK  sriJ.IVAN   KXi'KDITION. 


|r 

r 
It) 

t 


vatcs.  Two  oHictM-s  ha<lly  wouikIimI,  vi/.. ,  Ciiptaia  ('urWerry 
ami  Adjutant  Huston.  Sliglitly  \v(»nii(l«Ml  six  privatt's.  The 
niiiin  army  had  one  man  killed  and  a  few  wounded.  The 
tlead  Ixxlies  wer«>  hron^lil  lo  camp  on  horses,  an<l  all  the 
wounded  {^ot  in  safe.  Sev«'ral  I  ndian  ••nriosiries  were  piuke«l 
up  by  the  soldiery  and  some  of  the  otlicM'rs,  such  as  painted 
s«ralps,  etc.  Tarried  for  my  own  part  in  my  (piurters  ail  day 
and  felt  very  lonesome. 

Satunhiy,  Auj^ust  1 1th.  —  Atteniied  to  the  Hnivethe  Ixidiesof 
tlir'  six  killed  of  H  iii)ley's  rej^iment.  They  were  ail  as  (lecently 
as  possibltMuterrtid  together.  Pronounced  a  funeral  oration 
and  went  to  prayer;  the  rej^imeiit  vi-rv  solemn  and  attentive. 
The  scene  was  exceedingly  alTect  iuff.  Informed  l»y  Mr.  Kilpat- 
rick  of  tlu'  enemy's  leavinj^  Northuudierland  county,  after 
ruining  ail  the  settlenuMits  on  tiu^  West  IJranch. 

ISuiuhiy,  A  ugust  I'A  h.  The  forenoon  being  v»'ry  cloudy,  this, 
together  with  parading  tlie  troops,  and  cooking,  prevented 
preaching  to  the  respective  brigades.  lOarly  in  the  afternoon 
as  a  number  of  gentleuM'u  were  sitting  with  Crt'ueral  Hand, 
we  heard  the  discharge  of  sev«'ral  guns  across  the  Tioga,  and 
immediately  afterwards  tln>  Indian  scalp  warliof)}).  Upon  our 
repairing  to  tlie  banks  several  savages  were  by  dilTerent  persons 
di.-'covered  retreating  along  tht>  mountains,  taking  with  them 
four  or  live  horses.  A  detachnuMit  from  the  light  trooi)s  in 
the  upper  and  two. Jersey  regiments  from  the  lower  encamp- 
ments went  in  pursuit  of  t  hem.  Hut  agreeably  to  the  old  adage 
it  was  similar  to  looking  for  needles  in  a  hay  stack.  Their 
foot  steps  were  i)lainly  seen  but  their  persons  were  invisible. 
They  killed  and  scaipeil  one  of  our  nit>n,  a  lad  employed  as  a 
driver;  his  body  was  brouglit  over  soon  afterwards.  One  of 
our  soldiers  was  wounded  and  a  bullock  was  shot.  The  In- 
dians are  eiiendes  fruitful  in  stratagem,  secret  in  their  designs, 
and  capable  of  taking  i-very  advantage  which  the  situation 
of  the  ground  or  our  own  inattention  may  give  them.  1  forgot 
to  mention  the  suppostxl  loss  of  the  enemy  in  the  battU;  on 
Friday.  A  jacket  of  one  of  them  was  j)icived  up  bloody  and 
shot  through.  Also  a  hat.  One  or  two  were  seen  tf)  fall  and 
afterwards  to  be  carried  olT  by  the  others.  From  these  cir- 
cumstances it  is  imagined  that  they  had  seven  or  eight  killed 
and  wounded. 

Monday,  August  Kith  -This  morning  agreeably  to  orders  of 
the  14th.  nine  hundreil  pickt^l  m(>n,  with  a  suitable  number  of 
commissioned  and  non-commissioned  otTicers  under  the  com- 
uumd  of  Generals  Poor  and  Hand  marched  off  the  ground  in 
order  to  proceed  upon  the  main  branch,  to  nn^et  the  troops  and 
boats,  whicrh,  under  the  command   of   (feneral  <Minton,  were 


i 


28  i 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL 


to  l«mve  Lake  Otsego,  on  the  Otli  instant  The  detacljiner.t 
took  with  it  eight  days'  provisions.  The  hght  troops  being 
much  reduced  by  draughts  from  tliein  upon  account  of  this  ex- 
pedition, were  by  reason  of  our  advanced  and  dangerous  situa- 
tion joine<l  by  two  pieces  of  artillery  from  the  i)ark  under  the 
comniaiKl  of  (Japtains  Craig  and  Enies.  Visited  the  sick  and 
wounded  in  the  general  hos])ital.  By  this  day's  orders  tlie 
soldiery  were  positively  forbidden  to  go  out  of  the  lines  of  the 
encampment  under  any  pretext  whatever.  A  captain  and 
fifty  men  were  posted  on  the  west  side  of  the  Cayuga,  toguanl 
the  liorses  and  cattle  and  secure  the  cami».  The  troops  were 
forbidden  to  imitate  the  Indian  whoo{),  as  also  to  discharge 
their  guns  wantonly.  A  single  gun  is  robe  considered  as  an 
alarm.  P.  M. --An  express  arrived-,  also  a  person  from  Phila- 
delphia. Tlie  person  from  ]*hila<lelphia,  mentioned  that  Count 
d'Estaing  had  obtained  a  victory  over  the  British  fleet  otT  the 
island  of  St.  Vincent's.  By  letter  from  General  Clinton  to 
General  Sullivan,  the  latter  was  informed  that  the  Ifith  of 
August  (this  day),  he  shoidd  leave  Onohocassage,  about  sixty 
miles  up  the  river  from  Tioga.  The  l)lock  houses,  (whicli  were 
directed  to  be  built  a  little  in  the  rear  of  tlie  infantry  encamp- 
ment, for  the  security  of  tlio  peninsula.,  and  where  a  garrison 
with  the  flying  hospital  on  the  army's  marching  from  this  are 
to  be  left,  are  going  on  with  a  good  deal  of  rapidity),  were  titis 
evening  called  by  the  ruime  of  Fort  Stillivan,  out  of  resi)ect  tf> 
the  illustrious  character  who  with  his  army  lirst  took  posses- 
sion of  th.is  i)ost  on  behalf  of  the  United  States. 

Tuesday,  August  17th.  -iiast  night  the  light  corjjs  were  sev- 
eral times  -darmed  l)y  the  sentries.  Twi»'e  1  got  up.  SiiuiU 
])arties  were  sent  out  by  Colonel  Hubleylo  reconnoitre  the  en- 
virons of  th<"  camp,  and  returned  each  tiiu(*  with  an  accfumt  of 
the  sentries  mistaking  either  horses  or  some  other  moving  ob- 
jectsfor  Indians.  Two  gun,-<  were  discharged  by  the  party  <n\  the 
west  side  of  the  ( 'aynga,  and  one  by  the  advanced  front  guard 
of  infantry.  In  the  country  of  so  lurking  an  enemy,  we  cannot 
but  expect  frequent  mistakes  of  this  kind.  V.  I\r, —Six  soldiers 
of  the  Geruuiu  regiment  having  obtained  leave  to  go  a  small 
distance  to  search  for  someoftheirmissinghor.ses,  were,  between 
two  and  three  hundred  yards  from  our  advaiu-ed  sentries,  fired 
upon  by  alxnit  twelve  secreted  sa,vages.  They  returned  the 
Are;  four  got  into  camp  safe.  A  party  being  setit  out  by  Col- 
onel Ifnbley.  met  one  returning  to  the  regiment  shot  through 
the  arm  an<l  all  the  bones  above  his  elbow  shattered.  I  went 
immediately  to  see  him,  and  found  the  poor  fellow,  though 
full  of  i)a,in,  very  ]»atient  ;  th<»  sixth  vvas  killed  by  three  or 
four  balls  through  the  body  and  head,  and  scalped.      His  body 


THE  SULLIVAN  P^XPEDITION. 


285 


was  found  and  brouglit  in.  He  formerly  lived  in  Fifth  street, 
near  Market  street,  Pliiladeli>hia.  His  name  was  Phili{)  Hel- 
ter,  by  trade  a  biscuit  baker. 

Wednesday,  August  Ibth. — Very  early  this  morning  by  rea- 
son of  yesterday's  occurrence,  several  small  parties  with  cer- 
tain directions  were  sent  out  ditferent  ways  under  enterprising 
oflicers  to  bring  in  if  possil)le  or  kill  some  of  the  dastardly  cruel 
lurking  foe.  Last  night  a  sentry  discharged  his  musket  at  an 
imaginary  Indian  which  caused  the  infantry  to  appear  under 
jirms;  got  uj)  myself,  soon  retired  again  to  my  tent  and  slept 
very  sound  till  smu'ise.  At  eleven  o'clock,  A.  M.,  preached  a 
sernnmat  our  encjimpment  in  commemoration  of  the  doath  of 
Captain  J,)avis  and  Lieutenant  Jones,  vide  observations  of 
Thursday,  July  SDth.  JVesent,  ffeneral  Sullivan  and  family; 
(ieneral  Maxwell  and  family;  the  11th  Pennsylvania  regiment, 
artillery;  members  of  Lodge  No.  19,  with  many  other  gentle- 
men of  the  army.  A  short  time  after  sermon  attended  to  the 
grave  the  IkhIv  of  Philip  Helter,  adch-essed  the  soldiery  and 
went  to  prayer;  the  day  ))eing  very  sultry,  was,  after  so  much 
preaching  a  good  deal  overcome.  The  parties  sent  out  in  the 
morning  returned  without  doing  anything  material.  Thi.s 
night  one  gun  was  fired  which  occasioned  a  small  alarm. 

Thursilay,  August  l!)th. — Parties,  as  yesterday,  sent  <jut ;  re- 
turned towards  evening  in  eoflem  niodn.  'J'his  night  a  musket 
discharged  at  .son\e  fancied  enemy.     Rainy  all  night. 

Friday,  August  20th.  —  Early  this  morning,  arrived  Ijieuten- 
ant  Boyd,  of  the  rille  corps  with  a  letter  from  (feneral  Clinton 
to  Creneral  Sullivan.  Lieutenant  Hoyd  informs  us  that  their 
army  and  our  detachment  met  the  day  before  at  ten  o'clock 
A.  M.,  eiglifc  miles  this  side  of  ('henaugo.  The  same  evening 
Owegy,  an  Indian  village  twenty  miles  from  lience  was  by  the 
army  laid  in  ashes.  liieutenant  lioyd  left  tliem  at  Owegy, eleven 
o'clock,  r.  M.,  they  resolving  to  be  here  the  next,  viz.,  this 
day.  However,  the  day  Iteing  throughout  very  stormy,  witli 
out  doubt  prevented  their  proceeding.  Lieutenant  Jioyd  spent 
the  day  with  Major  Sju'oat,  and  purposes  tarrying  with  us  till 
(leneral  ('linton  gets  in.  (reneral  Clinton's  troops  had  met 
with  noopposition  on  their  march,  when  Mr.  Hoyd  came  away. 
They  burnt  every  house  they  came  across,  without  exception, 
and  destroyed  all  tlie  corn  and  grain.  . 

Saturday,  August  21st.— -No  n.'W  occurrence. 

Sunday,  August  22nd.  —This  morning  arrived  General  Clin- 
ton with  his  army  and  our  detachment.  The  majority 
of  G<Mieral  (Hinton's  t  roops  came  down  in  batteaux,  in  num- 
ber, two  hundred  ami  seven,  and  they  of  the  small  kind;  upon 


mm 


W^ 


■  I 


I   t«! 


280 


ROGERS"  JOURNAJ.. 


their  passing  by  the  light  corps  encampment  they  were  sahited 
by  tlie  liischarge  of  thirteen  rounds  from  two  six  pounders. 
Ab  our  detaciiment  with  Colonel  William  Butler  s  commaii<l 
marched  through,  they  were  received  by  the  remaining  pan 
of  (reneral  Hand  s  brigade  under  arms  and  welcomed  l)y  the 
band  of  music  and  drums  and  fifes,  playing  alternately.  Af 
twelve  o'clock  rode  to  the  lower  camp,  and  to  my  great  satis- 
faction saw  Mr.  Gano ;  found  him  hearty  and  well.  The  pro- 
visions brought  by  General  Clinton,  did  not  as  to  quantity 
turn  out  so  much  as  we  expected,  owing  to  their  necessary 
consumption  of  the  same  at  Lake  Otsego,  wliere  they  were  ob- 
liged to  continue  idl<>  aVjout  a  month  as  we  were  unpre|)ared 
to  meet  them  sooner  at  Tioga.  The  consequences  which  must 
result  may  be  easily  stipposed.  The  first  grand  design  of  the 
expedition  must  in  a  great  measure  prevail  (fail).  No  preach- 
ing to-day  by  reason  of  the  troops  arriving  and  preparations 
making  for  si)eedy  departure.  With  General  Clinton  came 
only  two  of  the  Oneidas, 

Monday,  August  2nrd,  A.  M. — Visited  the  sick  and  wotuiiled. 
Dined  at  home,  Colonel  Butler  and  other  gentlemen  l)eiiig 
with  us.  1*.  M.,  spent  with  Dr.  Gftmo  at  General  (,'linton's 
Marquee,  About  five  o'clock  in  General  Poor'.s  brigailc,  a 
soldier  flashing  his  gun,  it  went  ofT,  and  at  a  consideral>ie  dis- 
tance shot  an  otHcer,  as  he  was  standing  at  a  tent  door;  he  in- 
stantly expired  ;  upon  calling  to  look  at  the  body,  wasinformed 
that  he  was  a  married  num,  his  wife  and  five  children  residing 
in  New  Hann)shire  ;  a  sad  misfortune.  By  this  day's  orders 
the  4th  Pennsylvania  regiment  and  Rifle  Cori)8  are  annexed  to 
General  Hand's  brigade.  Two  humlred  and  fifty  men  pro- 
perly offlcertd,  exclusive  of  boatmen  to  be  left  as  a  garrison 
at  this  ])lace,  Colonel  Shreve  appointed  to  command.  IMysclf 
ordered  to  ofTiciato  as  chaplain  to  the  garrison  at  Wyoming. 
This  is  in  consequence  of  the  dispersed  state  of  the  iJrd  J^enn- 
sylvania  brigade  and  the  majority  of  those  who  are  together, 
being  at. ached  to  the  light  corps,  whose  duty,  after  they  leave 
Tioga,  will  be  such  as  to  render  my  presence*  unnecessnrv ,  us 
no  opportunity  for  preaching  can  i)ossibly  occur,  'i'liese  con- 
siderations caused  me  to  conij^  ly  withoiit  much  hesitation. 

Tuesday,  August  '^Uh.  -This  day  nothing  material  occurred 
except  the  universal  hurry  throughout  the  whole  in  i)repiiring 
for  a  mandi.  Accordingly,!'.  M. ,  tents  were  struck,  horses 
loaded,  and  »>very  mf)vement  necessary  for  the  new  movement 
took  place.  Owing  to  the  numbers  of  the  |)a(^k  horses  bcin^f 
lost  or  otherwise  nussing,  General  (.'lintons  brigade  wasjuioriy 
supplied. 

Wednesday,  August  g^tth.  -  The  troops  which  were  this  lore- 


THE  SULLIVAN  EXPEDITION. 


387 


noon  to  irinrch  Jifjfrepably  to  yesterday's  di'-eftions,  were  by 
reason  of  their  not  heiiif^  i'roi)erly  ('(luipped,  or(lere<l  to  hold 
themselves  in  perfect  readiness  to  proceed  at  all  events.  At 
eleven  o'clock  arrived  three  Oneidas,  one  a  Ijieiiteiiant  coni- 
niissioned  by  ('ongress  ;  upon  their  advancing  to  the  infantry 
encampment  a  sentry  presented  his  firejociv  ;  the  Oneidas 
clubbed  theirs  and  ventnred  in  by  making  signs  of  good  faith. 
Uj)on  their  marching  throngh  the  several  I)rigades  many  oirtcers 
antl  soldiers,  laboring  luider  the  same  l)elief  with  +lie  sentry, 
particnlarly  as  they  were  escorted  by  a  gnard,  gathered  around 
them  ;  they  informed  us  that  one  of  their  young  AvarriorH  was 
lately  killed  in  Canada,  by  the  Uritish,  and  that  a  rniinber  of 
their  tribe  had  since  gone  to  revenge  his  death.  P.  ]\r.  -Heavy 
rain.  Tn  tlie  evening  .an  express  arrived  ;  intelligence  by  him 
received  that  ( 'olonelliroaflhead,  from  Fort  Pitt,  had  inarched 
with  a,  number  of  trooits  and  friendly  Tndians  with  an  inten- 
tion <»f  forming  a  Junction  with  Ueneral  Sullivan,  near  Genesee. 
He  also  brought  several  newspnpi'rs,  which  announced  the 
victory  obtninetl  by  the  French  fleet  over  the  British  olT 
Orenada,  and  tl'.at  Island,  togetlier  with  Tobago,  was  in  pos- 
session of  our  allies. 

Tiuirsday,  August  'iOth.— Early  this  morning  rode  to  the 
lower  encampnuMit  ;  they  appeared  in  great  hurry  and  confu- 
sion ;  soon  returned  to  my  quarters.  Lati'  in  the  forenoon  tiie 
wliole,  exclusiveof  the  garrison,  nuirche(|.  Many  art  icies  went 
up  the  Tioi;;a  in  l)oa.ts;  as  they  set  out  under  great  and  divers 
inconveniences,  their  return  must  be  so  siulden  as  will  in 
all  proba,i)iiit  y  prevent  elTet^ting  much.  Twenty-seven  days 
provisions  oidy.  Artillery  ]>assing  through  an  uncultivated 
country,  etc.  However  ardent  my  wishes  are,  yet  my  fears 
mo'-i' i  ban  counterbalance.  The  Kifle  and  I>igl>t  Corps  nn)v- 
ingolT  with  the  sound  of  the  lioi-ii,  appeared  highly  pU'asing, 
the  nuiin  body  following  in  their  rear  about  one  mile,  added 
a  peculiar  grace.  Would  to  (iod  they  were  iietter  supplied. 
Ca|)tain  Ihish.  lb-.  Kinnersley  and  myself  ere<Med  our  living 
al)ode  within  the  lines  of  I'orl  Sullixan.  pi'oposing  to  spend 
our  time  as  con»forta,l)ly  as  possii)le  togct  her,  until  some  of  t  he 
boats  set  olT  for  Wyoming.  'I'he  cnmnutml  of  (he  garrison 
being  committed  to  so  vigilant  and  worthyan  olTicei*  as  Colonel 
Hhreve,  atTords  much  eouMdence  and  good  humor  in  all  (hose 
wlio  are  to  continue  with  him,  although  their  siiiTerings  nuiy 
be  great  and  duty  must  be  hard.  Captain  Wool  has  charge 
of  the  two  garrison  si v  pounders.  Colonel  I>ub(iisan«l  Lieu- 
tenant ('ol«)nel  Reignier  commanded  (he  llaidving  division  on 
tl>e  right  of  the  army.  Colonel  Ogdenand  T<ieutenunt-Colonel 
Willett,  that  on  the  left. 


^ii>WJ  ^M^" 


28S 


ROGERS'  JOURNAL. 


mi 


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Friday,  August  27tli. — The  Army  yesterday  moved  but  three 
milvSH;  marched  again  this  morning  about  seven  o'clock.  The 
great  parade  and  legularity  which  is  oljserved,  must  unavoida- 
bly in  the  end,  letting  alone  all  other  obstacles,  greatly  defeat 
the  purpose  of  the  exi)edition,  considering  the  coyness  and 
subtility  of  the  Indians.  The  garrison  at  Fort  Sullivan  is  very 
short  of  pj'ovisions,  the  salted  beef  much  tainted.  Divers  cat- 
tle which  since  our  arrival  at  this  post  have  strayed  away,  were 
this  day  discovered  by  a  scouting  party  sent  out  by  the  com- 
mandant. The  party  coukl  bring  none  in,  as  tliey  were  ap- 
parently as  wild  as  deer.  Tiie  past  night  very  cold,  this  morn- 
ing, till  late,  exceedingly  foggy  ;  and  from  about  eleven  o'clock, 
A.  M. ,  till  four  p.  M. ,  very  sultry. 

Saturday,  August  28(h. — A  party  which  was  directed  to 
search  after  strayed  horses  and  cattle,  early  this  nu)rning  drove 
into  the  fort  twenty  four  of  the  latter.  A  great  blessing  indeed, 
as  there  are  in  the  garrison  about  twelve  hundred  souls,  men, 
women  and  children  included,  and  previous  to  the  twenty-four 
cattle  being  drove  in,  but  live  were  left  and  those  but  poor. 
About  dusk, sixty  boats,  most  of  them  having  many  of  the  garri- 
son on  board, set  oil'  forWyoming  for'provisions  and  other  neces- 
saries; took  passage  myself  with  ('aptain  l^ush,  on  board  the 
"Adventure,"  where  were  fixed  as  conveniently  as  circum- 
stances would  permit  Captain  Carberry  and  Adjutant  Huston, 
who  owing  to  their  wounds  and  much  i)ain  were  exceedingly 
uneasy;  spent  a  very  disagreeable  niglit,  as  I  had  to  sit  or 
stand  in  a  cramped  posture. 


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LETTER 


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Captaii  William  Gray, 


OI"    TUK 


FOURTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT, 
With  a  Map  of  the  Sullivan  Expedition. 


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19_Voi,.  XV 


(289) 


11 

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IITIiH  letter  of  Captain  Williajn  Oray,  accoinpanying  a  draft 
of  tlie  lint'  of  Colonel  William  Butlers  march,  Oritober  2(1  t() 
16th,  1TT8,  in  the  possession  of  the  New  York  Historical  Society, 
is  given  in  the  Records  of  the  Sullivan  Expedition,  published 
by  the  State  of  New  York.] 


(2iH)) 


I 


^><>.^— iW>l**iriw<**ili  i  ^»ymim 


FOURTH  PEN JS SYLVAN  1 A  REGIMENT. 


291 


CAPT.  WILLIAM  GRAY'S  LETTER. 


ScHOHAiiA  Oct  2Sth  177H 
Sr. 

I  Reed  yours  of  the  20tli  Inst  &  understand  tlio  Contents  & 
have  Accordingly  Sent  you  a  Draught  of  Part  of  Schoara,  Part 
of  the  west  Branch  of  Delaware  &  I'art  of  Busquehana  which 
is  all  that  I  Can  Collect.  1  sheweil  your  Leter  to  Col  iJutler 
who  has  Promised  to  Let  me  Have  Leave  &  men  to  Asist  me 
to  Survay  the  Roads  you  mentioned  If  possible,  which  I  Doubt 
not  but  it  will.  If  so  I  shall  write  to  you  as  soon  as  I  l)egin  I 
had  Neither  pencil  or  Indian  Ink  to  shade  the  ilills  which  ar»j 
Very  Numerous  as  there  is  nothing  Else  after  you  Quito  the 
waggon  Road,  till  you  Can  Reach  Unendilia  the  Road  or  path 
from  thence  Ononaughquaga  is  much  Petter  as  it  gos  all  the 
way  along  the  River. 

As  to  my  linding  out  the  Varyatiou  at  this  place  I  imagine 
that  it  will  be  very  Difficult  as  sun  is  not  to  be  scene  for  at 
least  one  hour  after  he  Rises  &  an  liour  before  he  sets  However 
1  will  try  my  Best 

I  shall  now  give  you  an  Acct.  of  our  March  &  Expedition  to 
the  Indian  towns  as  well  as  I  Can.  We  Marched  from  Fort 
Defiance  on  friday  2d  ult  with  a  l*arty  of  men  Consisting  of 
the  4th  Pennsy. ,  a  Regt.  Part  of  the  Rifel  Chore  &  some  Malitia 
in  Num})er  about  200  -Oflicers  Included,  alongthe  Line  you  see 
Marked  on  the  Draught,  wit'nout  anything  worthy  Notice  till 
we  (!ame  to  Unendilia  which  we  found  Kvacuated,  from  thence 
we  Mnrched  Down  the  River  Susfiuehana  for  Orjonaughquaga, 
the  (Jliief  Indian  town  where  we  thought  to  Start  a  Party  of 
Savages  &  torys  By  Surprise,  but  we  Hapjiened  Unluckily  to  be 
Discovered  by  Some  Scouting  Savages  who  nuide  the  best  of 
their  way  &  as  they  knew  the  path  Better  than  we  Did  &  had 
Got  the  start  So  far  we  Could  not  Come  up  with  them  though 
otir  Scouting  Party  traveled  all  Night,  to  no  i)urpose,  we  Got 
to  Ononaughquaga,  on  Thursday  the  8th  T'lt.  About  10  oClock 
at  Night  which  we  found  Evacuated  Also  in  the  Greatest  Dis- 
order Everything  Seemed  as  if  the  had  fled  in  the  Greates 
Haste.  Next  Morning  we  set  the  town  (winch  T'onsisted  of 
About  30  or  forty  good  Houses  in)  in  flames  Destroying  therein 


.*. 


&'1 


«» '  ..-f 


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'111 


V         I 


3i)2 


LETTER  OF  CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  GRAY. 


Great  Quantitys  of  Housc^hohl  Furniture  &  Indian  Corn,  After 
the  Hurniu^  of  the  town  two  men  of  t)ur  party  went  out  to 
Barcii  for  some  Horses  tliat  were  jjost,  &  not  niindinfj^  to  take 
tlieir  Arms  with  them  were  fired  on  from  a  tlu«;l\et  bv  some 
Luriiin^^  Indians  who  wounded  one  of  tliem  (that  is  iSiuee 
Dead  oi  the  wound)  on  wliielj  (Jol.  liutler  ordereil  Capt  I'arr 
witli  a  party  of  Rifel  Men  to  Go  in  8arch  of  them  but  they 
Could  not  Come  up  with  thorn  tiiou^^li  tliey  Rhirched  five  or 
six  miles  l>i»\vn  the  River  8etin}^  tier  to  a  very  Large  Indian 
Couneil  house  in  their  Return,  the  same  Day  AI)out  '2. 
o.  Clock  we  marched  from  Ciionaiigliquaga  up  tlu^  River  too 
another  Town  (Uilled  Cunaiiunta  (liurning  Some  Indian  Houses 
is  (Jorn  on  the  Road)  from  tlientje  we  Marched  Next  morning 
Early  Leaving  it  in  flames,  but  that  Night  &  the  Day  Raining 
so  terrably  that  it  Rendreil  Every  small  Run  both  DitTiouait  & 
Dangerous  in  Crossing  but  when  we  (Janie  to  the  River  below 
Unendilla  (as  Pr  Draught)  it  was  Dreadful  to  see  so  Large  a 
stream  to  the  Mens  Hre.asts  &  very  Rappid  «fc  Rising  at  the  Rate 
of  one  Inch  P  Minet,  bat  by  the  Pressing  Desire  of  the  men  to 
Get  over  &  the  Deligence  of  tlie  officers  witli  their  owne  &  tlie 
Pack  Horses  they  were  all  Got  over  Kafe  which  if  we  had  been 
but  one  lioure  Longer  we  Ct)uld  not  liave  Crossed  &  God  only 
icnows  what  would  have  been  the  Dreadfull  Consequences 

We  Marched  that  Evening  up  the  East  side  of  the  Riveras 
far  as  the  Scotch  Settlement  l)urning  all  as  we  went  along  that 
Oonld  be  of  any  nfie  to  the  Enimy.  We  Could  not  March  thence 
oil  Sunday  by  Reason  of  the  Great  Rains  on  Munday  we  Marched 
burning  some  Tory  Houses  before  we  Set  out  &  Encamped  in 
tlie  wood  tliat  Night.  Rlarched  Early  Next  Morning  but  when 
we  Came  to  Delaware  we  Could  not  Cross  it  but  was  obliged 
to  March  up  the  N.  W.  Side  of  the  River  &  the  Pilot  not 
Knowing  the  Road  &  Night  Coming  on  we  Lost  our  Road 
about  five  or  six  miles  &  had  to  March  over  two  very  Large 
Hills  before  we  Could  Get  to  tlie  River  again  However  the 
Party  Got  Home  on  Saterday  the  16th.  TJlt  in  Good  spirits 
After  a  march  of  Near  300  Miles  in  Such  Terrable  Weather 
Almost  bairfooted  &  Naked,  we  suffered  a  good  Deal  for  want 
of  Bread  as  we  had  not  any  of  that  very  nsefull  Articles  for 
four  Days,  you  Doubtles  May  see  a  more  Particvilar  Accf  of 
this  at  Head  Quarters  but  I  have  Endeavored  to  Give  it  as  True 
as  I  Could.  Present  My  Best  Complinumts  to  Capt  Scull  & 
the  Rest  of  the  Party  &  Let  them  See  this.  & 
I  am  Sr.  your 

•  very  Hul.  Servt. 

WM.  GRAY 


FOURTH  pp:nnsylvania  IIP:GIMEiNT. 


3JKJ 


p.  8.  If  you  wee  Col.  Stewart  Shew  him  this  my  (Jonipli- 
iiientH  to  him  &  I  Desire  lliat  he  may  Leave  My  AcctK.  weth 
you  as  I  hope  to  see  you  My  self  soon 

To 

ROBKUT  EKHKINK 

Head  Quarters 
faverd  by 

ye  . 

Revil  Dr  .Jones        On  public  Service 


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(294) 

i, 

1' 

JOURNAL 


(»K 


Lieut.  William  McDowell, 


OK    THK 


FIRST  PENN'A  REGIMENT, 


111  the  Soixtliern  Oainpaign. 


1781-178^2. 


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(2^f>) 


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[The  following  journal  of  Lieut.  William  McDowell,  of  the 
First  Peun'a  Regiuient  of  the  Line,  copied  from  the  original 
in  possession  of  John  McDowell  Davidson,  Esq.,  of  Delavan, 
Illinois,  is  of  more  than  ordinary  interest  and  value,  as  it  fur- 
nishes many  facts  concerning  the  Southern  campaign,  not 
given  by  other  diaries  of  the  Revolution.] 


(2W) 


FIRST  T'KNNSYLVANIA  UEfJIMKNT. 


29? 


LIEUT.  MCDOWELL' S  JOURNAL. 

t 

Vovktown  [Penn'a]  20tli  May,  1781.— This  day  we  left  York  at 
9  o'clock  in  the  luuniiiifj  with  about  Eight  Hundred  EfTectivo 
nieii  under  the  couiuiaiul  of  Gen.  Wayne  and  encani[)ed  1 1 
miles  on  the  road  to  Frederick  Town. 

37th. —The  (ien'l  beat  at  sun  rise  and  took  the  line  of  march  - 
and  lialted  near  Peter  Little's  Town  ;  it  beint;  14  miles. 

38th. —The  troops  took  up  the  line  of  march  at  sun  rise. 
Marched  throu^jh  Tawney  Town  &  halted  near  I'ipe  (Jreek  : 
being  about  14  miles. 

39th. — The  troops  took  Tip  the  line  of  march  at  li  o'clock  in 
the  morning,  &;  eiicamped  on  the  Is'.  W.  yide  of  iManochac^y  ; 
15  nules. 

;JOth.  —This  day  continued  on  thw  ground,  the  soldiers  washed 
thenjselves  &  scoureil  up  their  arms  »Sc  accoutrements.  At  7 
o'clo«^k  tliey  were  reviewed  by  Ueu'l  Wayne, 

3l8t.  — Took  m)  the  line  of  march  at  sun  rise,  passed  through 
Frederick  Towa,  Maryland,  where  there  were  a  number  of 
British  Olllcers  prisoners  of  war  who  took  a  view  of  us  as  we 
I)a,ssed  through  the  Town.  We  ma«le  a  very  respectable  ap- 
pearance. Wecrossed  the  I'otomack  at  Rowlands  Ferry,  were 
obliged  to  o.'oss  in  bad  boats,  one  unfortunately  sunk  loaded 
with  artillery  .Sj  a  few  men  in  whi<'h  one  serg«'ant  and  threi- 
men  of  our  Reg' t  were  drownded.  Encamped  on  this  side  of 
the  river,  a  nund)er  of  us  dined  at  the  Tavern,  or  Ordinary, 
as  the  Virginians  call  it,  the  night  proved  bad  &  we  could  not 
pitch  our  tents.      IH  miles. 

.Tune  1st.  Continued  on  our  ground  nut il  4  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon.     IMoved  ."i  miles  towards  lieesbiirg. 

3nd.  -('ontinued  on  the  grountl  until  evening,  it  being  very 
wet  and  disagreeable. 

;h"d.  Took  up  the  Hue  of  march  at  10  o'clock  A.  .M.  passed 
through  Ijcesburgh  Avhich  is  but  a  very  simill  T«)vvn  and  not 
built  regular.     We  encamped  at  ( Joose  ("reek  :  being  M  niiles. 

4th.  Marched  at  six  o'cltx'k  in  the  tnorning,  had  orders 
from  Oen'l  Wayne  to  leave  our  heavy  Itaggage  at  this  pla(M>. 
Mr.  ("Joxe's  Mills,&  the  sick  of  the  l,ine  und.'r  the  care  of  a,  Hnr- 
geoii  ;  marched  through  a  low  country,  roads  l)eing  very  b/td 
in  (M)nse(pnMice  of  the  rains  we  had  a  few  days  iiel'ore,  A;  en- 
oumpud  at  the  Red  House.     10  miles,  Prince  William  ('<»unty. 


^1 
f1« 


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208 


McDOVVKLl/S  JOUHNAL. 


."ith. — A  wot  Jiioniiii^.  ('U'ur(*il  up  ulioiit  10  o'clock  A.  M. 
MiircluMl  at  Olio  o'chx^lv  l".  .M. ,  jn'octHnlod  1\J  iiiilt'S  toward  I^ip- 
ahanot'lv,  wlioiv  wo  lay  out  without  auy  kind  of  sholtor.  Vi 
milos. 

(ith.  -  Marohod  at  (»  ocjoi-k  A.  M.     !)  milos,  J'"'arquar  County. 

7th.  ContiniH^d  o:i  our  (ground  in  oonsociuouoo  of  a  hoavy 
rain. 

8tli.  Took  up  tho  lino  of  luarcdi  at  .^uu  riso,  ntaohod  tho 
North  liraiudi  of  Rapahanocdv  at  10  o'oloiik,  tho  Troops  wadod 
tho  river  and  procoodod  2.")  udlos.    Cidpopor  Oount»'. 

Uth.  — Took  up  tho  lino  of  nuindi  at  si\  o'clock  A.  M.,  crossed 
tho  South  liraiKdi  of  llapalianock  and  procood«>d  5  nnlos  into 
tlio  country — tho  country  vory  i)oor  &,  l>uildin^s  vory  snuill. 
14  uhIos. 

10th. — Took  up  tho  lino  of  nuirch  at  !)  o'clock  in  tho  morning 
&  Join«><l  th(»  Marquisos's  Troops  this  day  and  jMissod  a  body  of 
Militia  «>f  Vir^^inia  al)«>ut  liSOO  nion.  Wo  had  a  vory  sovoro 
luarcli  of  23  miles  tins  «lay.     (^ranj^o  (bounty. 

Uth. — ^farchod  at  t  o'clock  and  oncampod  at  10  A.  M.  ;  10 
Miilos. 

12th  —Took  up  llie  linoof  uwirchat  Oo'clock  A.  M.  Marcho«l 
through  a  thicket  of  IMno  woods,  notliint;  hut  a  foot  path 
throuj^h  which  wo  got  witli  j^roat  didicnlty,  especially  our 
Artillery.  At  last  we  arrived  at  tho  nuiiu  road  ieadin{?  to  l'"'red- 
orickshurf^h  which  I  lo:i.<r  lookeil  for,  and  (>ncamp«'d  T)  miles 
from  Avhero  wo  entered  tho  road.      l,ouisa,  Tountv,  14  nnies. 

lUth.  Continued  on  thisfj^round  in  order  to  refresh  ourselves 
which  w»^  had  {.jreal  need  of. 

1  It  h.  -  Took  up  tho  line  of  ma,rch  at  r»  A.  M.  ISIarohed  throuf^h 
poor  country  t  lie  water  heing  very  scarce  ;  this  day  soo  a  num- 
ber of  negroes  the  great  est  part  of  them  i>eing  luiked.     12  miles. 

'"ith. —Took  up  the  line  of  march  at  ■in  rise,  agreat  scarcity 
of  water  this  day  &  a  vory  fatiguing  nuirch.  Uefreshod  our- 
selves in  an  orciiard  with  Col.  Ivobinson,  tho  Mar(]uis,  &  <ienl 
Wayne,  took  a  bilo  witli  ns.     II  ndles,  Hanover  County. 

Ulth.  Took  up  tho  lino  of  nuircli  at  l>ay  brake,  nutdo  a  short 
(lay's  march  of  six  miles,  being  uundi  fatigued.  This  day  lunlt 
a  line  brush  llutt ;  fl  milos. 

ITth.  Took  up  tho  lino  of  march  at  3 o'clock  in  the  morning. 
Marcht>d  through  tho  best  country  wo  have  seen  in  this  IStato 
and  ontMimpod  «it  l>andridge's,  being  20  unlo.s. 

18th.  .V  very  Hue  morning.  This  day  tho  «Mioniy  advanced 
onus.  Our  tents  were  struck.  All  the  Continental  'J'roops 
marched  in  or«ler  to  surprise  a. party  of  Tarloton's  Horse.  Wo 
continued  tho  marctli  till  daylight,  but  on  o  :r  arrival  ft)und 
they  had  gone  some  hotn-.s.      i;{  miles. 


UWMMMt 


nilST  PENNSYLVANIA   KKGIMKNT. 


209 


l$)th. 


TiUV  «ni    <>(ir  ariuK    till    1  o'clock.     Uct.irc*!    into  th 


« 


country  4  miles  vvhero  wo  Jay  ilcstitiitc  of  rcfrcHliimMits,  bcihl- 
iiiy;  or  covcriiif^.     4  miles.      Henrico  f'oiinty. 

'20th.  — Mantlicd  at  0  o'clock;  tlirc(»' miles,  and  w<'re  reviewed 
by  tliH  (ren'l.     Lay  on  our  arms  all  ni;^hl.     -i  ndles. 

2lMt.— Arrived  at  (Jul.  Bimms  Mills.  Marched  at  13  o'clock 
A.  ]\r.  ;  8  miles,  and  lay  at  Hurrell's  Ordinary,  destitut*-  of 
every  imcesHary  of  life.     8  miles. 

22nd, — Marched  at  3  o'lock  tliroii(;h  a  well  irdiahite<l  country, 
though  I  can  rIvo  no  ace' t  of  the  peojtle  as  1  have  not  been  in 
(lie  insi<»e  ?•.  house  but  one  or  two  Ordiiuirys.  They  Hometimes 
come  to  tnc  roadside  in  order  to  take  a  view  of  us  as  we-  pass 
the  road,  hui,  a  {)erson  can  scarcely  discern  any  part  of  their 
luce,  hut  their  nose  and  eyes,  as  they  have  themselves  muHled 
with  linnen  in  order  to  prevent  tlu«  sun  from  burning  their 
fair  fju'es.  i  mean  the  fenuile  sex.  At  the  sauu!  time  the>  will 
have  a  number  of  blacks  all  naked  around  them,  nothing  to 
cover  their  nakedness.  This  day  we  passed  through  Hichmond 
twenty  four  hours  after  the  enemy  »?vacuated  it,  a  number  o' 
horses  being  desln>yed  by  them,  they  also  destroyed  a(]Uaidity 
t)f  tobac(M)  which  they  threw  into  tln^  street  and  set  on  lire. 
Th«*  town  is  built  close  on  .lanufs  River  un<ler  a  baid\.  We 
en<'amped  two  n\iles  on  the  South  siih;  of  tint  town,  about  (i 
o'clock  IV  M.     20  miles. 

2;>d.  —Took  up  the  line  of  nwirch  at  2  o'c^lock  in  the  morning, 
halted  at  H  for  refrt^shment,  where  we  had  an  alarm  ;  our  light 
horso  l)rf)ughl  int clligenc**  tlm  enemy  was  within  ouiMinleof  us, 
the  army  immediatidy  formed  for  a<'.tion.  \  universal  joy 
prevailed,  that  certain  success  was  before  us;  we  lay  on  our 
arms  lOhours,  hourly  wait  lug  for  act  ion.  Our  intellig(>nce  on 
the  whole  march  wns  exceeding  bud  —Hut  to  our  morl  illcat  ion, 
t  urned  out  a  fiilstt  jiiarm.  At  (i  we  moved  our  position  for  con- 
veniency  of  (MKtanipment.  A  \erv  heavy  rain  came  on  at  12  o- 
'clock  at,  night.     IT)  miles. 

21th.-  Cordinin'd  on  thisgi-ound  in  ordei- to  dry  our  clothes 
whi(di  had  got  wet  the  niglil  before,  Miid  the  men  to  furbish 
I  heir  iirms.  &,c.  Tliis  day  one  of  our  soldiers  belonging  to  the 
4tliPenn'a  llegt  was  taken  deserting  totlni  en«Muy.  At  '•] 
o'clock,  1'.  ."M.,  hi"  was  tried  and  senlenc«(d  to  l)e  shot,  whicdi 
punishment  was  inllieled  on  him  at  retn>at  beat.  At  the 
same  t  i me  we  received  orders  to  st  rike  our  tents,  whicdi  \m'  ili<l 
a,ud  nuirch /it  dark  in  order  to  surprise  Tarleton's  llovse,  l)ut 
as  he  always  has  good  inttdligtMice,  retired.  V2  ndles,  (C^Jharles) 
('ity  County. 

yr)th.  Lay  by  I  his  day,  at  day  brake  to«ik  up  our  line  of 
nuindi  in  order  t<>  «»verluke  iUA,    Jones's  ILu-se  who  had  tke 


i' 
I 

J' 

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1l 


•MO 


McOOWELI/S  JOURNAL. 


rear  ^{Uiird  with  a  yreat  number  of  cattle,  plundering,  as  ho 
was  making  hi.s  way  to  Jamestown.  J<eft  one  nefjfro  man  with 
the  small  pox  laying  on  the  road  side  in  order  to  prevent  the 
Virginia  Militia  from  purHuing  tln^n,  which  the  enemy  fre- 
quently did  ;  left  numbers  in  that  eondition  Htarvingand  help- 
less.    13  miles. 

2Gth.  ■ -At  six  o'clock  in  the  morning  we  were  informed  Ihat 
a  covering  party  of  liorse  were  l)ut  a  small  distance)  before  ns— 
(jren'l  Wayne  imriediately  ordered  the  front  Platoons  of  each 
Battalion  to  turn  out  immediately  which  oril(>rs  being  comj)lied 
with  being  four  I'latoons  &;  Major  Mcl'herson's  party  of  le- 
gionary Horse,  we  pursued  them  for  rt  or  (»  miles  in  full  sp(ied, 
at  last  wo  canu!  within  a  short  tlistance  of  them.  Maj'r  Ham- 
ilton had  the  comm.iud  of  a  party  of  infantry  from  our  line, 
about  forty.  ipi..  '  <gilen'w  company  of  Jcu'sey  Troops  were 
<M'deredto  mount  i  ;•'  ihem  same  number  of  I>ragoons,  and 
luirsued  them  and  st«a  overtook  them.  We  had  a  skirmish 
with  their  Hon^c  and  Inl'antry  in  whch  we  took  a  nund)er  of 
their  Horse  and  l. .'  .<!<  &  ki!'  '  40  of  their  Infantry  ;  our  lo.ss 
was  very  inconsi«lerabl;', -  Rfaj  >:i"herson's  horse  threw  him 
in  the  lield  of  action,  but  fortuaately  made  his  escape.  1  ex- 
pected they  would  attack  our  snuill  party  of  infantry  which 
was  posted  on  a  snuill  eminence  to  cover  our  light  J)ragoons. 

:37th  —-This  day  we  lay  at  Hird's  Ordinary. 

38th. — Made  some  movements  for  advantage  of  grouiul. 

2Dth,  —  Manuveved  considerable  in  conse(]uence  of  ba<l  intel- 
ligence. 

iWth.  — Greatly  fatigued,  liay  by  the  gi'eatest  part  of  this  diiy. 
Our  tents  came  to  us  this  evening. 

1st.  July. —Marched  at  day  brake,  8  miles,  to  York  River,  for 
the  troops  to  wash  and  refresh  themselves,  where  Doctor  Down- 
ing of  the  (jth  Uegt  l*eiui'a. ,  was  unfortunately  drowned.  That 
eveiung  we  struck  tents  at  dark  and  marched  to  our  former 
grountl,  8  miles. 

3d.--  Marched  down  to  Birds  Ordinary  :  returnetl  again  Ihjit 
night  to  our  old  ground.     8  miles. 

3d. —Marched  at  sunrise  to  Mr.  Old  Fields;  uninouvers  r«'t  ro- 
tate and  nnmy.  TIk!  troops  almost  worn  out.  Very  hot 
weather. 

•tth. —.\  wet  moriniig.  Cleared  up  at  10  o'clock.  This  day 
w»^  had  a  Fude  of  Joy  in  tMdebration  of  our  Jndi^pendance. 
After  that  (lien'l  Wayne  performed  some  new  nuinotivers,  iii 
which  we  flre<l.  Had  the  thanks  of  the  ]\rarquis.  The  I'^ule 
of  Joy  was  with  a  running  firt^  from  right  to  left  of  t'le  army. 

r>th.  —Took  up  the  line  of  nuirch  at  one  o'clock,  on  our  wav 
to  Wllliamsburgh,  which  I  longed  much  to  s«?e.     Proceded  as 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  RKCaMKNT. 


80t 


fill-  as  Chickfiliontiny  i^hiirch,  wImm-o  wo  lay  on  our  anus  till 
suiiris*!.     (i  mi  I«»k. 

(itli.  — At  RUM  rise  w<f  iouk  U[)  the  liim  <)r  inarch  for  Janu'S 
Town,  at  wliich  i)lac,e  the  enemy  lay  encamped.  The  first 
hattalion  of  our  line  were  detaclied  with  a  small  i)arty  of  rifle- 
men, which  hroufjhl  on  a  scatter! nf^  fire  in  front,  &  on  the 
flank  of  onr  battallion,  that  continued  for  t  wo  or  tliree  hours 
with  th(i  Yaj^ers.  Onr  hattallion  was  then  ordered  to  form 
<!ollum  and  advancre,  when  we  had  intelligence  of  the  2d  and  "id 
liattallions,  with  one  of  the  Infantry,  hove  insight  of  us,  we 
then  display'd  vo  right  and  feft,  the  I  hirclhattallion  on  our 
I'ight  and  the  2d  on  our  left  .being  thetj  formed  brought  on  a  gen- 
eral u«!t  ion;  o!ir  advance  waf*  regidiir,  and  at  a  charge  till  we 
came  wit  hin  .SO  yards  of  the  whole  army,  they  being  regularly 
formed  standing  at  one  yard's  distance  from  «  ach  other,  tlu'ir 
light  Infantry  l)eing  in  front  of  our  battallion.  Wi^  advanciMl 
uu<l<M*a  v(M'v  heavy  lire  of  grapM  shot  at  which  <listanc(^  we  open- 
ed our  mus(iuetry,but  being  overpowered  were  obliged  to  ret  reat 
with  prtu'ipitat  ion,  and  in  l)ad  order  for  at  leasi  one  mile,  wliere 
wefornuid  and  retired  in  good  order.  Happy  for  us,  ihe<'nemy 
did  not  press  us  at  this  criiical  mouuMit,  or  our  troops  would 
hii,ve  nnevitably  V)een  cut  oil".  W<!  retired  to  < 'hickahominy 
rUiurch  about  S  mil:'S  wher«i  a  numlier  of  theofllctu's'  woun<ls 
were  dressed,  and  all  tlu!  privates  who  wert;  wounded,  it  bi-- 
ing  Ji,t  this  time  about  10  o'clock  at  night. 

A  list  of  the  wounded  ollicers  of  onr  (iine  -t'apl.  Crosby, 
Artillery. 

onicers  of  Infantry.  ( 'apt  J)oyli',  0th  Peuna.  Kegf.  Oapt 
Van  Lear  !)th  I'eiin'a  Ki'gt.  (.'apt  I<''inney,  (ith  Penn'allegl. 
('apt  Stake,  1st  Penna  Hegt.  f 'ajit  ]\r"( 'lellun,  1st  ]*enna  Reg  t 
( !apt  IMontgoinery,  Tth  Peun'a  R<'gt.  Tiienl.  HcM'bert,  0th  ])o. 
taken  jirisoner.  Ijient.  Piercy,  2d  Peiin'a  Regt.  Lieut  Feltuum, 
1st  I'enn'a  Regt.  Ijieut  White,  1st  Peiin'a  Regt.  TluMiumber 
of  killed,  w<)un<led,  taken  prisoners— Sergts,  rank  and  file,  be- 
ing '.)7. 

7th.  —  We  remained  on  our  ground  at  ('hickahominy  Church 
untlll  tho  wounded  were  dresseil  ami  sent  off  to  the  Hospitn'il   . 

8th.-  Th<^  enemy  came  out  about  four  miles,  we  lay  on  ciur 
arms  ready  for  their  approach,  but  they  n-tired. 

'.)th.   -v'outinned  on  the  same  ground  for  refreshment. 

lot fi.  Marched  at  2  o'clock  I'.  M.,  to  Holt's  Iron  Works,  4 
miles. 

11th.— I  received  orders  from  (leiil  Wayne  to  jirocfied  to  Han- 
over Court  Hou.se  with  a  j)arty()f  men,  and  four  wagons  to 
))ress  spirits   for   tlie  army.     I  went  about  twenty  miles  that 


HI 


Ml 


^1 

'nf 


1 


I 


303 


MCDOWELL'S  JOURNAL. 


evcnint;  to  u  {^t'ntloiiian'H  liotise,  wluj  was  exc;e«Mlin>^  kiini  and 
trratinl  me  well.     20  iiiileH. 

Vith. — The  next  day  l)roeee«le«l  <m  my  journey,  aiul  arrived 
at  the  Court  House  al>out  lOo'elocjk  at  night,  but  tf>  my  moi- 
tilieatlou  there  was  no  spirits  tliere.  Remained  that  night 
there.     20  miles. 

13th. — The  next  day  the  gentlenum  of  the  house  set  out  with 
me  in  que.st  of  the  spirits  ;  went  U  miles  where  we  got  one  wagon 
load,  left  the  wagon  an«l  a  ginird  with  (.rders  to  meet  nje  at 
the  (Jourt  House,  and  proceeded  on  with  the  other  tiiree,  went 
about  9  nnles  furd(  r,  where  we  reuniined  all  niglit.     18  miles. 

14th.-  I  collected  enough  to  load  the  three  and  proceeded 
towards  camp,  when  I  came  to  the  Court  Lfouse  the  den']  had 
sent  au  express  informing  me  the  army  luid  nuirched  and 
would  meet  uk*  at  Richmond.  Night  coming  on,  I  renuiined 
with  a  poor  man  who  was  exceeding  kind.     .'JO  nule.s. 

ir>th.  —  I  proceeded  to  mt»et  the  army  with  all  expedition  po.s- 
sible,  came  to  Richmon<l  about  12  o'clock.  While  I  was  re- 
freshing myself,  Lieut.  (!ampbell  came  to  town  and  informed 
that  th»'  army  was  about  14  miles  from  there,  that  an  Incor- 
poration liad  taken  place  and  that  himself  and  jue  witli  some 
more  was  to  go  home.  This  gave  me  fresh  spirits,  and  we  took 
the  otber  bottle  of  win.*  on  the  news  of  leaving  the  Ancient 
Dominion,  which  few  of  iis  were  fond  of.  Proceeded  on  to  thu 
army,  waited  on  Gen'l  Wayne  who  thanked  me  for  my  vigi- 
lance,and  ordered  me  to  deliver  the  spirits  to  the  Commissary, 
and  take  his  rect'ipt  for  the  sanu',  which  was  708  gallons.  :;'S 
miles. 

Kith.  -This  day  was  em]>loyed  in  crossinsj  the  .lames  River, 
and  taking  l.'ave  of  i)ur  brother  oilicers  Avho  were  to  renuiin 
with  tlic  army.  I  then  steered  for  Penu'a  once  more,  luul 
arriv<>d  iu  Little  York  the  first  of  August,  during  which  time 
I  took  jio  account  of  the  occurrences  which  happened,  although 
many  worth  notice.  However  when  we  arrived  here  a  r<'port 
was  that  ('ornwallis  intended  to  visit  Daltimore.  (ren'l  Irvine 
would  not  let  any  of  us  go  home  until  the  certainty  was  known. 
After  this  ordered  a  court  martial  to  sit  in  (Carlisle,  (^'ol'l  Wm. 
Butler  to  preside.  The  Court  met  agnM'able  to  orders  ajid  tryd 
thirteen  prisoners  in  thirteen  hours.  The  whole  of  the  mem- 
l)ers  of  the  Court  dined  with  the  (ren'l  that  day  the  court  ad- 
journed, the  next  day  with  Col.  Duller:  then  RIaj'r  Moore  and  I 
set  out  for  Conogig  where  we  spent  two  weeks  very  agreeable. 

Then  Avent  to  liittle  York  where  we  were  a  week,  Cien  re- 
ceived orders  from  (fen.,  St  ('lair  to  repair,  to  I'hiladelphia, 
where  we  lay  some  timo  at  the  100  Acr«'S. 

Oct.  4tli,  1781.-  -Philadelphia.-  We  were  ordered  <m  board  of 


FIliST  PKNNSYJ.VANIA  RKCilMENT. 


:!0;; 


Vf'SselK  to  carry  us  to  (JriHtjuui  Bridge  ;  went  on  hoard  aiid  dropt 
flown  the  river  u  wniall  diHtant-e,  and  dro[)t  ancre,  then  went 
on  Hhore  and  sspent  the  evening  very  ngreealily  in  town,  then 
went  on  board. 

5th.  -Then  hoisted  sail;  this  night  was  something  storinv, 
waves  ran  Ingli,  our  si«;all  ves.sel  tossed  about,  and  1  took  sicl<. 

Gth.  This  morning  we  hove  in  sight  of  the  mouth  of  C'riste.ii 
Creek,  the  wind  falling,  with  dilli(!ulty  got  within  two  mi!  -. 
of  tlie  Bridge. 

7th.  —  Landed  and  nmrehed  to  the  Mridge  where  our  wagirons 
were  rea,dy  to  earry  our  l)aggage  to  the  Head  «»f  Klk  that  dny. 
12  miles. 

8th.  —  Hi'iuained  tliis  day  for  (jraft  to  earry  us  to  lialtiiuore. 

yth.  — Being  disapointed  renuiined  this  day. 

10th.— Our  disappointnu'ut  continued. 

nth.— About  2  o'eloek  went  on  Jjoard  and  dropt  downtli.' 
Ore.di. 

12tl».  Ht»iste<l  sail,  th»*  winds  contrary  and  the  ('haiinel  dilii- 
cult,  were  oi)liged  to  cast  ancre  at  dark. 

lUth.-  This  moining  the  wind  appeared  to  favour  us  for  some 
time,  but  a,  stoi'ui  arose  which  separated  our  suiall  Fleet,  we 
wer«^  obliged  t(j  put  into  liarbour,  and  had  near  l)een  lost. 
tSoine  were  drove  almost  on  shore,  &  some  no  acct  of  for  three 
.weeks.  After  this  storm  we  liad  a.  fah-  wind  and  arrived  at 
Baltimore. 

14th.     Remained  in  lialtimore  this  day. 

l.'ith.  — H<jisted  sail  about  4  o'clock  in  the  a,fternof»n,  fi,  storm 
arose  when  opjmsite  Black  Point  :  we-'e  obliged  to  cast  ancre. 

Kith.     A  fair  and  pleasant   Hree/.e.  &  :iiade  great  way. 

17th.  The  wind  not  so  fair  ;  this  day  oni'  of  our  soldiers  died 
which  we  cast  overl)oard.  At  night  came  to  ancre,  lest  we 
should  go  foul  of  the  l-'rench  Fleet. 

IHth. — C.'auu^  in  s'ght  of  some  of  the  llet't  run  up  to  York. 

lUth.-  We  lan<led  at  12o"clock.  At  one  o'clock  this  day  Maj  r 
iiauulton  with  a  detachment  marched  into  town  and  took  pos- 
sessif)n  of  the  Batteries,  ami  hoisted  th(^  Aiuericaii  I-'lag- The 
Hritish  Army  marched  out  and  gi'ouufled  their  anus  in  front 
of  our  Line.  Our  whole  ai'my  drew  up  for  them  to  uuirch 
through.  The  French  Army  on  tlu^ir  right  and  th((  A  mericans 
on  their  l.ft.  The  British  Prisf)ners  appeared  to  be  much  in 
licpior.  After  they  grounded  their  aruis,  they  returned  to 
town  again. 

20th.  This  day  the  l*risoners  renuiined  in  town.  I  took  u 
walk  to  see  the  tovvn  an<l  works  which  were  soiuething  strong. 
Their  ofTlcers  api)eared  a  good  deal  cast  down  on  tile  occation. 


w 


:i()( 


McDOWKl.L'S  JOITRXAL. 


;:«'      si 


Hkai>  QlTAllTKRH  NKAii  YoRK,  October  20th,  1781. 

Tlu>  Ciciu'ral  congnitulateK  the  jVniiy  n[u>u  the  {glorious event 
of  yestenliiy.  Tlie  j^eiieroiis  proofs  which  his  most  <  Miristiun 
Ahijesty  has  t?iveti  of  his  attiicliiiient  to  the  cause  of  America 
must  force  conviction  in  tlie  minds  of  the  most  deceiveil  aiuont? 
the  enemy,  relatively  to  the  J)e<'isive  jjood  consequences  of  the 
Alliance,  and  inspire  every  citizen  of  these  iStates  with  senti- 
ments of  the  most  unalterable  j;iatitude  ;-  His  Fleet  the  most 
numerous  and  powerful  that  ever  appeared  in  these  seas,  com- 
manded by  an  Admiral  whose  fortune  and  talents  ensure  great 
•  events;— An  ai'my  of  the  most  adnurable  composition,  both  in 
ollicers  ami  men,  are  the  pledge  of  his  friendship  to  the  United 
States,  and  their  co-operation  has  secured  tis  the  i)re8ent  sigiia' 
8U<;cess. 

The  ( reneral  upon  this  occasion  intreats  his  I<]xcell(>ncy,  C'ount 
l)e  Uoi'hambeau  to  accept  of  his  most  gratefid  acknowledge- 
ments for  his  counsels  and  assistjince  at  all  times.  IJe  presents 
his  warmest  thanks  to  the  (renerals,  Haron  J)e  V'iouniKd,  (Jhev- 
alier  Chastellux,  Marques  De  St  Simons  &  Count  l)e  Viominel 
and  to  Ih'igadier  (fenl  J)e  Choisey  (who  had  a  separate  com- 
mand ;)  for  the  illustrious  nuinner  in  which  they  have  advanced 
the  interest  of  the  common  cause.  JIi;  requests  the  Count  J)e 
Uochami)eau  will  be  pleased  to  connuunicate  to  the  army  under 
his  immediate  comnuind  the  high  sense  he  entertains  of  the 
distinguished  merits  of  the  ollicers  &  soldiers  of  every  ('orjts, 
and  that  he  will  'i)resent  in  his  nanx*  to  the  Regiments  of 
Agenores  and  l)eaux[)oints  the  pieces  of  Urass  Onhiance  cap- 
tured by  them,  as  a  testimony  of  their  gallantry  in  storming 
the  enemy's  Redoubts  on  the  night  of  the  14th  instant,  when 
ollicers  Jind  men  so  universally  vied  with  each  other  in  the  ex- 
ercise of  every  soldierly  virtue. 

The  Cfeneral's  thanks  to  each  individual  of  nuM-it  would  com- 
pr.^hend  the  whole  army;  but  he  thinks  himself  bound,  how- 
ever, by  all'ection.  Duly  and  Gratitude  to  express  liis  obliga- 
tioTis  to  Major  (xenerals  Lincoln,  La  Fayette  and  Steuben,  for 
their  dispositions  in  the  trenches. 

To  Gen'l  Duportail  a,nd  Col.  Carney,  for  the  vigour  and 
knowledge  which  were  conspicuous  in  their  conduct  of  the 
attacks;  &;  to  Geul.  Knox,  and  Col.  Aberville  for  their  great 
care,  attention,  and  fatigue,  in  bringing  forward  the  artillery 
and  stores,  and  for  their  Judicious  and  si)irited  management  of 
them  in  the  Paralells,  he  requests  the  gentlemen  /il)ove  men- 
tioned to  Communicate  his  thanks  to  the  ollicers  and  soldiers 
of  their  respective  commands. 

Ingratitmle,  whidi  the  General  hopes  never  to  be  guilty  of, 


FIRST  PKNNSYTiVANlA  REGniKNT. 


no.~ 


would  !)(«  fonspifMJons  in  him,  \vn,s  he  to  omit  thiinlving,  in  thn 
wurmt'st  Icniis,  His  I'iXcclicnfy  Crovcnior  Nelson,  lor  tlic  aid 
he  has  derived  from  luiii  uiid  from  the  IVIiliiia  under  his  roni- 
nmiid,  to  whose  act ivity,  emulation  and  coui-af^e,  sueh  applause 
iH  (hie.  Tluf  t?reM,tnesH  of  the  aeqtnsition  will  he  an  amph?  com- 
pensation for  the  hardsliips  and  hazards  whichthey  encountered 
with  so  nnu^h  patriotism  and  firmness. 

In  orch'r  to  diffuse  the  j^reat  joy  through  every  breast,  the 
(jreneral  orders  those  men  helorif^inf?  to  tlie  army  who  nuiy  now 
l)e  in  conlinement,  shall  be  pardoned,  released  and  Join  their 
respect  ive  <  "orps. 

Divine  service  is  to  be  performed  in  the  several  Brigades  or 
Divisions.  The  Commander  in  (Jhief  earnestly  recommen  Is  it 
tliat  the  troops  not  on  dnty  should  universally  atteiul  with  that 
seriousness  of  dej)ortment  and  gratitude  of  heart  which  t  he 
recogrntion  c»f  such  reiterated  and  astonishing  interposition  of 
Providence  demands  of  lis. 

21st.  — This  afternoon  the  prisoiu*rs  marched  out  of  town, 
under  the  care*  of  three  divisions  of  Militia.  W((  had  orders  to 
hold  ourselves  in  readiness  to  march  at  the  shortest  notice. 

Si'ind.— This  day  His  ExcelltMicy  ordered  tlwit  every  officcu'  in 
the  American  Army  which  was  here,  to  receive  £20  worth  of 
clothing  out  of  the  stores,  th(^  Dollar  ,it  0  shilling. 

23d.  -Renuiinedliere,  24th,  25th,  2Gth,  27th,  28th.  2»th,  &  :30th 
81st,  Nov.  1st,  2n«l. 

3d.  Nov.— My  boy  deserted  with  one  of  the  soldiers  and  stole 
two  jackets  and  two  pair  of  V)ri<cheH  from  me. 

4th  Nov.  —This  day  I  had  i)artys  searching  for  them  but  could 
not  find  them. 

nth.— This  day  our  line  marched  and  the  Maryland  regiment, 
past  Cheese  Cake  Church  and  l^urrell's  Mills,  and  encamped 
within  half  a  mih^  of  said  mill.     10  miles. 

()th.  -This  (lay  the  trf)ops  took  up  the  linc^  of  march  at  sun 
rise,  and  encamped  near  liird's  Ordinary.     10  miles. 

7tli.- -Marched  tliis  morning  at  daylight,  and  encamped  at 
Kent  Court  House.     II  miles. 

8th. — Took  up  the  line  of  marcli  at  sun  rise  and  passed  Sav- 
age's Farm,  and  (Uicauiped  within  half  a  mile  of  l^ottom's 
Dridge.     1(»  miles. 

Uth.  -Took  up  rlie  line  of  marcli  at  (hiylight,  and  encamped 
on  the  heights  at  Richmond.     14  miles. 

10th.-  This  day  the  Maryland  regiment  crossed  James  River. 

11th. —This  day  the  Artillery  crossed,  it  being  very  rainy  and 
«lisagreeabl(\ 

12th.— This  day  the  Q.  M.  <fen'l  «Sf  Military  stores  crossed. 


4 


20-VoL.  XV. 


m'- 


i 


i 

■-  ! 


300 


MCDOWELL'S  JOURNAL. 


1:3th. — This  niomintr  ouh  of  the  Penn'a  Battalions  crossed 
with  their  ba^jga^je. 

]4th. — Thirt  day  the  last  of  the  troops  and  baggage  crossed, and 
encjiniped  one  mile  on  this  side  of  the  river. 

llth.— This  day  the  troops  took  up  the  line  of  march  at  18 
o'clock  and  encamped  near  Osburn's  ware  Houses.     15  miles. 

l()th.— Marched  at  daylight,  passed  Ware  Church,  and  en- 
camped near  Appamatuck  River.     10  miles. 

17th. — This  morning  Ca.pt.  Marshall  and  I  crossed  the  Ajjpi- 
niatuck  to  Petersburg!!  before  the  troops,  to  provide  stores  for 
the  mess,  which  we  did,  viz.  60  lb' sugar,  2  lb  tea,  30  lbs  coffee, 
2  lbs  pepper,  0  lb  chocolate,  and  sundry  other  articles  before 
the  troops  were  all  over.     A  wet  day.     1  mile. 

18th.  — This  day  we  remained  on  our  ground  for  the  troops  to 
wa.-ih. 

19th.— Took  up  the  line  of  march  at  sunrise  :  were  joined  by 
Col.  White  with  about  200  horse,  one  half  in  front,  the  other  in 
rear  of  the  troops.  Passed  Dunwiddy  Court  House  and  Stony 
Creek  ;  encamped  half  a  mile  over  the  bridge.     19  miles. 

20th.  —Took  up  the  line  of  march  at  sunrise  ;—  (a  very  heavy 
frost) ;  crossed  Notoway  River,  Levis  Joanse's  Bridge,  and  en- 
camped on  L.  Joanse's  Farm,  Brunswick  County.     14  miles. 

2lst.  —  Marched  this  morning  at  sunrise,  and  crossed  two  small 
bridges.  Encamped  on  Erl  Edmison's  farm,  being  15  miles. 
Yesterday  morning  Ensign  Beaty  and  Capt.  Mentzer  of  the 
Maryland  line  fought  a  duel,  the  latter  was  shot  through  the 
head  and  died  immediately  &  was  buried  on  the  ground  they 
fought  on. 

22nd.— The  troops  took  up  the  line  of  march  at  sunrise. 
Cro.ssed  Mayherrin  Creek  on  a  bad  bridge,  and  encamped  near 
Mitchell's  Ordinary,  Mechiingburg  County.     10  miles. 

23(1.— Took  up  the  line  of  march  at  sunrise,  passed  through  a 
very  bad  country.  Encami)ed  at  Henry  Miller's,  on  Sir  Pay- 
ton  Skipper's  farms.     12  miles. 

24th.  —Took  up  the  line  of  march  at  sunrise ;  by  the  left 
crossed  Allen  Creek,  which  was  within  half  a  mile  of  the  ground 
we  left  this  morning.  At  about  11  o'clock  A.  M.,  arrived  at  the 
Rowenoak  River,  our  troops  immediately  crossed  with  their 
baggage.     N.  B.    This  was  at  Taylor's  Ferry.     10  miles. 

25th.  — A  very  rainy  and  disagreeable  day.  This  place 
abounds  with  deer  and  wild  turkey  & . 

2Gth.  — A  very  clear  sunshiny  day  ;  we  employ  it  in  drying  our 
cloaths  which  had  got  wet  the  day  before. 

27th.  — This  morning  I  went  out  to  hunt,  but  killed  nothing 
but  one  squirrel. 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


m 


28th.— LaHt  night,  and  this  morning  it  rained  very  hard, 
■which  prevented  us  from  marching  this  tlay. 

29th.— Took  lip  the  Une  of  march  at  sunrise  passed  tlirough 
a  fine  Jevel  country.  Roads  very  sloppy  ;  marched  10  miles  into 
N.  Carolina,  and  encamped  near  Williams  Borrough.  This 
town  iscompo.sed  with  a  Church,  one  Tavern,  one  Smith  Shop, 
and  six  small  log  houses.     10  miles. 

30th.— This  morning  Lieut.  Reeves  was  left  on  command 
with  the  sick.  The  troops  took  up  the  line  of  march  at  the 
usual  time  and  encamped  at  Harrishurgh,  which  is  two  Elli- 
gant  Buildings  and  some  warehouses.  Granwell  County.  12 
miles. 

1st  Decemher. — Took  up  the  line  of  march,  it  being  exceed- 
ing l)a<l  marching  in  consequence  of  the  last  night's  rai»i. 
Passed  through  a  line  country  and  encamped  at  Genl  Person's 
a  very  large  farm.  He  holds  eighty-five  thousand  acres  of  land 
in  one  tract,  and  with  all  this  possession  he  has  not  the  com- 
forts of  life,  lives  very  poor  and  it  is  reported  that  his  mother 
while  alive  was  obliged  to  lay  on  a  bed  of  straw  on  acct  of  his 
contracted  hart.     13  miles. 

2nd.— The  troops  took  u[)  the  line  of  march  this  morning  at 
sunrise,  passed  through  a  fine  wood  <;ountry.  Roads  very  bad 
in  consequence  of  the  la,st  night's  rain.  Encamped  near  Pain's 
Ordinary.     Kaswell  ('ounty.     10  miles. 

3rd.— Marched  this  morning  at  sunrise.  Pfis-sed  Kaswell 
Court  House,  very  hilly  and  sloppy.  This  evening  I  went  on 
guard.    10  miles. 

4th.  — This  morning  niarched  at  sunrise;  the  country  very 
hilly,  crossed  Hill  &  County  line  Creek.  This  day  there  came 
on  a  heavy  snow  which  lasted  during  the  day.  Capt.  Barth- 
olomew of  the  i)th  Regt  Penn'a  unfortunately  got  his  leg  broke 
by  a  fall  of  his  hor.se.  18  miles. 

5th. —This  day  we  lay  still  to  give  our  soldiers  rest,  and  wait 
for  the  waggons  which  fell  behinil  on  acc't  of  the  bad  roads 
which  the  snow  ha<l  ma.de. 

()th.  — We  reniair)<^d  on  the  same,  as  some  of  the  waggons  were 
still  behind.  The  tnow  still  continued  to  cover  the  face  of  the 
earth. 

7th. --Took  up  the  line  of  march  at  sunrise.  This  morning 
we  left  our  heavy  baggage  under  comnumd  of  i\Iaj'r  Mt)ore  who 
Avas  to  come  on  as  ha  could  ;  we  were  obliged  to  f<jrd  the  Haw 
River  the  cold  and  the  snow  laying  on  the  ground.  Encamped 
on  the  bank  of  said  river.     1(5  miles. 

The  numb(?r  of  miles  which  I  travel'd  whilst  1  kept  this  book 
is  1384.      • 


4 


m. 


;'  '('-  ■■■'  » 


m 


1     >     ■ 


•f  -Et^i 


14 

i 


!J08 


M(;I)()WKM/S  JOUllNAL. 


Oiiilfonl  Ooiinty,  Dt'crHth  ITHI. 

Tills  iiiorniii^  ut  (iayliylii  (lu'  troojjs  took  up  llio  lino  of 
inarch.  I'asscMl  tlii'oufj;ii  u  very  lint'  country  lor  land  (no 
pine)    and  cncunipt'd  at  Guilforu  Court  Housf.     ^U  miles. 

N.H. Tliis  was  tlic  ground  that  the  action  was  toUf^ld,  hc- 
twt'cn  (ft'iicrai  (irccni'  and  liord  ('ornwalldcc ;  tlicrc  was  a 
nunihi'i"  of  hnis  of  nuiskt'ts  laying  on  tin-  (ground  whicl»  the 
tMicniy  had  hiokc. 

".Mil. Tins  day  we  rcniaint'd  »>n  (he  t^ronnd  hi  rxpt'ctat  ion  of 
^jt't  I  inj^  cloat  ht's  wnsh'd  lull  (lie  went  her  1  iiriu'd  out  t  o  htMcry 
wrt  and  disiifj^rt'cabli'.  Tliis  place  is  called  the  Irisli  yettle- 
nient. 

loth.   -We  received  orders  to  reniain  this  morniiif^  to  wash 
onr  cloaths.     This  day  very  windy  and  disiij^reealily  (^old. 

1 II  h.  -  This  inorniii<?  the  troo|)s  look  up  the  line  of  march. 
Passed  throiijj^h  a  very  line  country,  settled  by  <^>iiaker.s,  who 
have  tolerably  (j:ood  plantations,  and  (M-ossed  two  branches  of 
Deep  Creek,  and  encamped  near  Jiarney  Idle's.      1.")  miles. 

13th. —The  (roopstook  up  tlie  line  of  march  this  morning  at 
(he  usual  lime,  passt>d  t  hrou^h  a  count  ry  sell  led  by  (n'rmans, 
who  iiave  vt>ry  {4;ood  plantat  ions,  and  a.  small  (piaiUity  of 
meadow,  whi»di  is  seldom  to  be  seen  in  this  pari  of  the  coun- 
try.—Some  pines  tiiis  djiy.—ljcft  INForavian  Town,  «Mf?ht  miles 
on  our  ri^^ht.  l-'.ncamped  on  a  hill  near  Mr.  Mt'ray's  in  Uoan 
('t)ii.it y.     1()  Allies. 

i;Uh.—  This  moripuf^  at  sunrise  the  troops  took  up  the  line  of 
march,  jiassed  throutjli  a  line  country,  crossed  tlm  Yadkin 
River  in  lioats.  The  ba^j^a;;e  forded  the  river,  and  <'nc!imped 
a  mile  on  I  his  side.     l<t  miles. 

14th. — The  troops  took  up  the  line  of  march  at  sunrise, jms.sed 
throU)^h  Salsbury,  which  is  a  line  little  town,  twoor  three  elii- 
f^ant  hoii.s»>s,  and  encamped  within  a  half  a  mile  of  tln^  town. 
Here  1  uu't  with  Christian  Stake  who  was  f.?oinjj;  to  Teiin'a. 
1  employed  this  »>venint^  in  wrilint;  letters  by  UreliKld  loi"  lear 
of  missing  tlie  opi)ortnnit y.     7  miles. 

l"»tli.  -Tht^  troops  took  up  the  line  of  marcli  at  sunrise, 
passed  thn)n^h  a  very  lhit>  country  for  land.  Ilncauiped  at 
Mr.  Taylors,  Roan  County.     12  miles. 

Kjth.  ;\rarclied  at  the  usual  lime.  Cross(»d  (Saddle  Creek,  & 
Rfr.  Fifers  Ordinary;  passed  throutj;h  a  s'crj  tine  country  & 
»>ncaiuped  at  Rocky  Run,  Meckleiduirgh  County,  14  miles. 
N.  li.  Withinlialf  a  mile  ofourenca,m|)iuent  therewasaii  1  ndian 
Town  of  about  ei-^lity  in  number.  Their  principal  town  is 
some  distance;  these  are  Ciitapis  &  they  hold  lU'tucu  miles 
.squan*  of  a  very  (hie  country  ;  no  pines  here. 

ITtli. — This  day  remahitnl  on  the  jfroiunl  in  consequence  of  a 
heavv  rain. 


^L. 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA   RKCilMHNT. 


:ioo 


18th. — Tills  iMoniiiiK  a  fjjn'.it   fr(»st.     Tin-  ( i-( tops  took   up  tlio 


]iit<>  of    iiiai'ch   lit    tli<^    iisiiiil    tiiiii 


Crossfd     Aliillrl     Crcrk, 


iiiar(;li<>(I  tlironf^li  Cliurloilc  Town  iuid  ciicaiiipcd  within  luilf 
11  iiiiiti  of  th(>  town.  'JMnTc  uiM'  l>nt  tliicc  toii'riil)l<>  lioiiscss  in 
tiii.stowji  <Si  al)otit  a  dozen  of  siiiall  ordinary  l)iiiidings.  l\i 
niilcH. 

KM  h.  TlnHroops  look  up  tlit-  line  of  inarcli  at,  tlic  iisnal 
hour  &  crossed  MMloppen's  (Jreeiv  and  several  other  small 
runs,  &  (>ncanipi'(l  this  side  of  (^lenis  iSranch  ;  w<'  see  ver}'  few 
houses  this  day.     [~y  miles. 

~()lh.- Tii((  troops  took  np  the  line  of  mareli  at  the  usual 
timo;  passed  lhroiij.jh  a  line  level  eonntry,  and  eneamped  at. 
Twelvo  Mile  <  "reek,  -Indian  land  now  in  South  <  Carolina, 
(7amdeit  District. — This  creek  Iteinj.;  vt'ry  hi^jli  occasioned  l»y  a 
remarkahl*^  heavy  rain  which  fell  yesierdny,  w(f  wen;  ohiij^ed 
to  fall  trees  f<n"  I  lie  troops  to  cross  on.      10  miles. 

'3Ist.  — Tlu!  troops  took  up  the  line  of  march  at   12  o'clock,   A. 

M.     ('rossed  t  he  Twelve   Mile(!i k  and  passed  throu^fh  a  (iia» 

country  and  enca,mi)ed  at  Waxa.w  (!reek.  At  this  placu-  were 
seventeen  Hritish  ollicers  on  parole.     A  warm  day.     7  iiules. 

'2'.ind.— This  morning  at  da>  li^ht  t  he  t  roops  took  up  the  linn 
of  march,  (/rossed  \Va.\aw  ('reek.  «'ane(!reek.  Camp  ("reek, 
(lill's  (/'reek  tfc  Hear  ("reek  and  encaiiipedon  the  south  side  of 
s'd  Creek,    RlaJ'r  Harkley's  farm.     Camden   District,  lU  milt  s. 


ItJrd.— This  moridntr  took  up    the  line  of  march    at    suinM 


He 


passe«l  1  hrout^h  a,  piney  and  what  they  call  a  hlack  jack  coun- 
try. A  line  level  road.  Se(>a  number  of  wa^^f^ons  d<slroye(l, 
and  a  nund)er  of  huts  of  muskets,  and  enca.m])ed  one  iidle  on 
the  south  side  of  thel-'lat  Rock.  This  is  the  f^round  when^  a 
nnnd)er  of  our  soldiers  were  cut  to  pieces  hy  Tarlton  on  I  he  re- 
treat of  (len'l  (lates.  IMarched  throuj^h  a  ^fr<'at  part  of  the 
loiiMf  Icaf't  |)ine.  N.  I?.  This  place  called  the  Flat  Rock,  is 
about  throe  acres  of  a  rock  llat  «5c  solid,  ("amden  District,  20 
nnles. 

21th. —The  t  roops  took  u|»  tln'  line  of  march  at  the  usual 
time.— This  day  very  disa^^reeable  marchiiif^.  Rainy  and  very 
sloppy.  lOncamped  within  two  miles  of  Camden,  on  t  he  i^roun<l 
uhero  (fen'l  (Jreene  had  almost  experienced  a  surprise.  |(» 
nnles. 

2.Tth.  — A  very  dull  (^hrist  mas  indeed;  had  nolhin;^  to  uud\e 
us  comfortable.  We  remaiui'd  on  t  his  >;ronnd,  beiuj.,'  much  fa- 
tifj^iied  a.nd  cloat  lis  all  dirty.     .\  waiiiiday. 

2(lth.  -  The  troo|)s  took  up  the  line  of  march  at  sunrise, 
niarcli«Hl  throutrh  Camden,  a,  small  (own  and  destroyc'd  l)y  th« 
enemy.— They  had  it  fortified,  and  was  one  of  their  ca])ital 
posts.    -Crosseil  tlu>  Wateree,a  middliii).;  lai't^e  river,  about  two 


f 


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McDOWELI/S  JOUIINAL. 


V 


luiles  on  the  south  side  of  Camden,  &  encuiiipiMl  in  a  pine  woods 
&  some  black  jack.     5  miles. 

37tli. — This  morning  took  up  the  line  of  marcli  at  sunrise, 
passed  througii  a  very  disatjreeable  pine  swamj),  about  two 
miles  louf^  &  luilf  lejj  deep,  with  water  &  mud.  Encamped  near 
one  Mr.  lleytiold's,  lately  from  l*enn'a--a  tenant  of  Ct)l.  Car- 
shaws.  — 10  miles. 

28th.  —Took  ui)  th(^  line  of  n)arch  at  sunrise, very  level  road.— 
All  long  leaf  t  pine.  —This  day  had  a  very  fatiguiuf;  march, being 
very  warm;— see  three  or  four  good  houses.  -  Encamped  within 
a  half  a  mile  of  Congaree  River.     2:3  miles. 

29th. — This  morning  at  sunrise  we  crossed  the  Congaree 
River,  &  encamped  on  the  south  side  of  Col.  Tiiompson's,  a 
gentleman  who  lives  in  great  aflluanci".     5  miles. 

00th. —This  morning  at  sunrise  the  troops  took  np  the  line  of 
uiareh  and  encampe«l  in  a  Crerman  settlement.  These  like  the 
great«>r  part  of  this  country,  all  Torys.  — A  very  warm  day. — 
Orangeburgh  District,     13  miles. 

;Ust.  —  Tli(*  troops  nuirehed  at  the  usual  time  ;  pass«'d  througli 
a  German  S'ttlement ;  cio.ssed  a  number  of  swaiups.  Passed 
Orangeburgh  Town ;  this  plact^  tlie  enemy  burnt  except  one 
house  &  the  Gaol.  -There  are  anumber  of  horse  and  foot  doing 
duty  in  this  place  to  keep  tlu^  Torys  in  order.     13  miles. 

1st  January  17H2.  — Tiie  troo?)8  took  up  the  line*  of  march  this 
morning  at^  sunrise.  We  wen^  obliged  to  cross  a  number  of 
very  disagreeable  sSvamps  ;  no  bridges  could  be  ma.dt>,  and  we 
were  obliged  to  wadol  hem  knet^  deep.  —  Any  quantity  of  pi  n(!  this 
d.iy,  our  encampment  surrounded  with  swam[)s.— 20  miles. 

2ud. —Took  np  the  line  of  march  at  the  usual  time;  ])assed 
through  a  low  swampy  piny  country  forabout  seventetui  miles. 
Encamped  within  three  miles  of  the  Edisto  River.     15  mihis. 

3d.  —Took  up  the  lint^  of  nuirch  at  uiuci  o'clock.  Crossed  the 
Edisto  River  on  two  elligant  Kaw  mills,  each  of  them  had  four 
saws,  &  as  they  saw  the  boards  they  raft  them  down  the  river 
to  fJharlestown.  The  river  runs  very  rapid.— This  whole  days 
uuirch  was  exceedingly  disagreeable,  <in  account  of  sw/iuips, 
our  artillery  and  waggons  could  scarcely  go  along. — This  day 
we  met  the  Virginians  ri'turning  home  whose  tiuies  were  ex- 
pired. -10  mih's. 

4th.     A  very  heavy  dew  and  fogg.     The  troops  took  np  the 
line  of  march  at  tlu^  usual  thne.     Nothing  but  one  continual 
swamp,     .loined  Gen'l  Greene's  army  this  morning  at  eleven 
o'clock.  —  Encami)<'d  in  the  woods  at  Round  ().     5  miles. 

."ith.  — An  exceeding  heavy  (h'w  ;  then  cleared  away,  an<l  was 
very  warm,  so  warm  that  i  coidd  not  bare  my  coat. 


FIIIST  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


mt 


n 


t)th. — The  watt^r  here  is  very  bad  no  springs  — uothiiifj  but. 
ponds  and  swamps.     This  obliged  lis  to  sink  wells. 

7th.— Capt'n  Klrkwood  informed  me  he  was  going  to  Peiiiia- 
I  employed  this  day  in  writing  lioiue  to  my  friends. 

8th. — Tlie  weather  still  continued  warm,  I  remained  close  in 
camp.     Now  our  living  was  entirely  on  poor  beef  and  ri(re. 

Uth.— This  morning  our  brigade  took  up  the  line  of  marcli  at 
eight  o'clock,  the  roads  exceeding  good  and  straight.  See  a 
number  of  elligant  houses,  a  small  distance  from  the  road  and 
line  avenews  leading  to  them,  and  large  rice  plantations. 
Marched  through  Jacksonsburgh,  a  small  town,  two  or  three 
tolerable  good  houses.  Encamped  within  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
of  s'd  place.     IIJ  miles. 

10th. —This  morning  I  nionnted  the  Governor's  Guard.— 
Being  an  entire  stranger,  and  no  person  to  introduce  me  to 
him  or  fannly,  I  was  neglected  by  him  at  dinner  time,  but  Mr. 
Foshaw  an  inhabitant  of  the  place  invited  me  to  dine  with  him, 
which  I  did.  In  the  evening  about  sunset,  Governor  Rutlctlge 
sent  for  me  and  appologised  for  the  neglect.  I  spent  the  after- 
noon very  agreeably,  drinking  wine  and  smoking  segars. 

Uth.— This  day  I  emi)loy'd,  after  I  was  relieved,  in  fixing  my 
tent  &  digging  a  well.— This  morning  at  the  Governor's  table 
I  eat  l>rea<l  made  of  rice,  which  was  the  first  I  ever  eat,  it  was 
made  thin  like  buckwheat  cakes,  some  in  round  balls  and 
fry'd  in  a  pan  with  some  fat. 

12th. -This  morning  rcctnved  orders  to  hold  ourselves  in 
readine.ss  to  march  at  the  shortest  notice.  In  the  evening  we 
struck  our  tents,  and  loaded  our  liaggage.  Crossed  the  l*aw 
Paw  River;  nuirched  all  night,  and  in  the  morning  one  hour 
before  daylight,  we  arrived  within  half  a  mile  of  brono  Ferry, 
Col.  Lawrence's  Infantry  in  front  of  us,  wlu)  were  to  surprise 
a  party  of  the  enemy  on  John's  Island,  about  four  hundred 
foot  &  sixty  horse.  Our  plan  fell  (hrougli  ;  Daylight  ai)pear- 
nig,  and  a  number  of  the  infantry  could  not  get  over  the 
marsh.  This  was  very  hard  to  cross,  as  it  wiis  nt'ar  middle 
deep  of  nnid,  and  the  tide  nuikiiig  fasi,  some  of  tiuMu  stuck 
fast  nnlill  they  wen*  assisted.  Those  who  got  ovrr  w«'re  up  to 
their  shoulders  in  water  on  their  return.  Our  Hrigaile  was  to 
support  the  infantry.     23  iiules. 

13th. — As  soon  as  daylight  ai»peare<l,the  infantry  iV  our  brig- 
ade retired  about  on(>  mih*  and  a  half  from  Stono  I'erry,  \  lay 
upon  our  arms  all  day.  The  wi'ather  now  cold  and  disagri'ca- 
ble,  and  no  tents  or  l)aggage.  In  tlm  evening  the  other  part  of 
the  army  joined  us. 

1  Uh.— This  day  we  l)uilt  a,  brush  hutt  to  sludter  us  from  the 
cold.     About  eleven  o'clock  two  «if  our  six  pounders  were  or- 


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313 


MCDOWELL'S  JOURNAL. 


dcrtul  to  the  publick  lauding,  about  one  mile  from  Stouo,  to 
drive  a  Row  tjalley  of  the  eueinys  away,  which  lay  in  a  narrow 
pass  to  prevent  our  troops  to  go  ou  the  Island.  They  lired  a 
do/eu  of  shots,  three  of  which  struck  her,  but  the  metal  was 
too  light  to  do  lier  much  harm.  They  evacuated  the  Island. 
A  party  of  our  troops  at  low  water  went  on  it  and  got  some 
snuill  articles  Avhich  they  in  their  hurry  could  not  take  olT. 

loth. — Tills  days  orders— no  ollicer  or  soldier  to  leave  camp 
on  any  account.  We  were  Informed  the  enemy  were  out  in 
force  this  day  ;  in  consequence  of  which  we  were  marched  two 
miles  towards  Charlestown,  and  returned  a  little  of  the  way 
towards  the  Uorrough.     8  miles. 

Kith.  -This  morning  the  whole  army,  took  up  tlie  line  of 
march  at  sunrise,  and  encamped  In  tiin  woods  near  I\Ir.  Fra- 
zer's  Farm,  about  four  miles  from  thu  liorrough.  (U)ntlnues 
cold.   10  miles. 

17th. —This  day  I  got  a  horse  and  went,  to  the  baggage  to  get. 
a  clean  shirt.  Dined  Avith  (J<j1.  Craig,  who  was  ther«^  lame, 
and  returned  to  our  camp  in  the  pine  woods. 

18th.  -I  took  a  walk  out  of  the  camp  with  a  guji  to  kill  some 
wiUl  ducks  which  were  verry  plenty;  1)ut  rain  came  «»n,  I  re- 
turned to  camp  without  any. 

19th.— (len'l  (freene  was  down  recouoitring  th«*  enemy  ;  went, 
within  one  mile  of  ( Miailestown  with  a  small  party  of  horse. 
The  enemy  lired  cailnon  exceeding  hard  for  some  time,  but  to 
no  purpose.  , 

20th.— This  day  (irovernor  Durk  of  North  Carolina  arrived  to 
headquarters  who  made  his  esca|>e  from  James'  Island  ;  was 
paroled  there.— The  held  olllcers  of  the  army  were  called  to- 
gether to  inquires  into  his  conduct,  whether  he  was  justHiable 
or  no  -what  they  did  was  kept  a  secret. 

31st. —This  morning  verry  cool  ;  reniiiint^d  still  in  this  situa- 
tion, without  our  baggage. 

33nd.---Thu'  morning  a  large  white  frost.  Took  a  walk  al)out 
four  milet,  into  the  coiuitry,  and  see  Negroes  working  in  jt  Rlc(* 
Mill. 

3od.  -  Remained  close  in  camp,  smoking  over  a  i)lne  lire. 
0»n*  ba,ggagti  came  tons  this  evening. 

'jr)lh. — This  morning  we  took  ut>  the  liin'  of  march,  and  on- 
camped  about  one  mile  from  our  former  ground. — Just  when 
we  hntl  our  tents  pltcht,  orders  came  for  our  battalion  to 
march  innnediately  for  Jacksonburgli,  to  guard  the  governor 
and  .Vssembly  which  was  sitting  there.  We  got  there  about 
dark,  i)ltcht  our  tents.  Here  our  bat  tallon  rcnuilned  on  this 
tluty  until  the  seventh  <lay  of  Mandi,  when  we  wereordenul  to 
join  the  main  army  as  the  As.send)ly  was  done  sitting.    Whilst 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  llEGIMKNT. 


818 


wo  were  here,  adilTereuce  happened  between  Cxovernor  Mat- 
lliews  who  was  appointed  wliile  we  remained  on  tliisdnty,  and 
tlie  ollicers  of  our  Uattaiion.  Tiie  iliU'erencc*  was  this,  after  tlio 
Assembly  was  dono  sit tinji  they  made  a  Dinner  in  tlie  House 
tiiey  «at  in,  and  tliis  was  the  House  the  olTicer  of  the  Guard 
renuiiiied  in.  Tlie  Dinner  was  ready,,  all  the  Assembly  &  the 
(iovernor  sat  down,  and  no  attention  i)aid  to  tlie  oflieers  who 
was  in  the  house  with  them,  altho  on  duty.— The  ollictir  ooiild 
take  it  in  no  other  light  than  un  insult ;  and  us  such  we  all  re- 
sented it.  After  this  avo  had  invitations  from  the  tJovernor  to 
come  to  eat  with  him,  but  none  would  go  near  him.  I  was  so 
unfortunate  . MS  t<>  be  left  on  this  guard  when  the  Battalion 
marched;  was  sent  for  to  uiakb  tlie  nnitter  np;  I  refuse<l  and 
would  not  go.  Two  days  after  I  had  to  wait  on  the  Governor 
to  know  how  the  guard  was  to  b<f  supplyM  witli  provisions;  the 
matt(M'  was  then  talked  o^■er,  ;iud  all  satisfaction  necessary. 
I  then  went  1<»  his  table  ms  formerly,  the  ofTicer  was  li'tTliorn- 
berry.— This  is  all  remarkal)le  tluit  hajtiieiied  from  the  24tli  of 
January  17N3  until  the  Sili  of  March  17S2. 

Uth  March  17H'2 -Whilst  at  dinner  with  the  (iovernor  the  Re- 
lief came  to  me.  1  was  relieved  and  joined  the  iiuiiii  army.  5 
miles. 

lOth. — Remained  on  the  ground  t  his  day,  and  visited  t  he  olli- 
cers  of  njy  acquaintance. 

Uth. — Jiusy  about  set  lling  the  Iin'orpornt  ion  which  was  to 
take  place. 

12th. —The  Incorporation  took  i»lace.  1  wrote  home  by 
Capt.  Wilkins.  The  ollicers  who  went  home  were  Col  (.'raig, 
Major  Alexander,  (Japt  Wilkins,  Doct  Magaw,  ("apt  (Jlay|»ooIe, 
Capt  Seely,  li't  IJail,  L'l  Strieker,  Lt  Thornberry,  h't  (fil- 
grece,  L't  Dickson. 

llJth.  --Employed  in  coppying  a  .lonrnai. 


llth.  -  J)o 


!)< 


loth.  -About  I)  o  clock  I  was  warned  Un-  guard;  the  trt)ops 
were  to  manouver  1  his  afi  ernoon,  I  was  on  t  Im  pa.ra,d<s  whilst 
I  was  t here  a  detachment  was  ordered  oul.  I  wasthelirsi  for 
(Mmmand.  ^lajor  Moore  commanded  the  delaclimeiit.  We 
marcluHl  at  sunset,  through  mud  and  water,  twelve  miles,  to 
Mr.  ]M'Quen's.      \'i  miles. 

bit  h. —Joined  ('ol.  l/awr^-nc*'  about  one  mile  fnuu  Hacon's 
Ib'idge.  At  eight  o'clock  at  iiighl,  marched  back  to  said 
bridge.      H  miles. 

17th. —At  half  past  four  in  themornintr,  took  up  the  line  i.f 
mandi ;  the  Legiojiary  lnta.nl  r>  in  front,  the  t  wo  cumpaiiys  of 
Delaware  next  <Jc  our  detachment ,  l  Im  cavalry  compufM-d  of  (.'«i|. 
Washington's  and  Lee's  in  our  rear;  Passed  through  Dorchea- 


m 


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WW 


M(!l)()WKLL'S  JOURNAL. 


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If 


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tcr,  a  sinall  town  irn^tjiihirly  built,  consiHting  of  ono  olinrch 
uiid  about  a  do/.iMi  of  hoiiKcis,  tbtt  churcli  and  (»thor  bouH^H  do- 
Mtroyt'd  by  llHMMuniiy  whilHt  th«?y  k('i)t  garriHoii  there,  I'asst'd 
over  tw«»  lu'idgcs  ;  between  theKtj  was  an  old  HritiHli  fort  on  a 
eoinnianibng  sight.  Went  down  witlun  Hix  miles  of  the  eeidrn 
house,  where  thtMuain  army  of  the  Uritish  lay;  took  post  at  a 
mtM'ting  house  ;  lay  tlu>re  for  some! ime,  then  returned  back  as 
far  MS  the  widow  Izard's  a  lady  of  the  first  fortune  &  taste  in 
these  parts.  This  lady  for  th(>  honor  of  St.  Patrick  gave  the 
soldiers  a  gill  of  spirits.  Wo  1  hen  returned  to  liaeon  IJridge. 
12  miles. 

IStb. —Removed  to  new  ground  and  built  an  elngnnt  butt; 
my  feet  hurt  so  much  with  my  boots,  that  I  (rould  not  Avalk. 

IDth. —Remained  lu^re  thisday.  1  l)orrowed  a  pair  of  slipjjers 
from  Major  Moor»!  to  walk  about  in,  as  1  was  dostituto  of  bag- 
gage save  what  I  had  un  me. 

aotb.-  Still  eonUnued  on  tlie  ground. 

3lst. — This  day  expected  the  enemy. —Maj'r  Moore  and  tliree 
or  four  us  paid  a  visit  to  Mr  Izard  one  of  the  dtUegates  of  (Con- 
gress from  this  state,  and  supt  there  this  night. 

23d.  -Still  continued  on  this  ground,  witlu)ut  anything  to  eat 
but  rice;  on  tins  we  have  lived  for  three  days,  exct!j)t  last 
night 's  sup])er. 

'■.Wd.  RcMuained  in  this  situation  until  eight  o'clock  in  thti 
evening,  when  Majr  Moore,  ('apt.  Patterson  ('apt.  I\Ia.rshail, 
li't  Moore  and  myself,  was  sitting  down  to  our  nsiuil  dish,  a 
large  plate  of  rice  and  a  little  salt, when  ('ol  Lawrence  and  Mr. 
Izard  came  to  us.  We  invited  them  to  patake  of  our  repast. 
They  expressed  a.  sorrow  for  our  situation;  they  went  home, 
Mr.  Izard  sent  us  a,  (puirter  of  veiniison  and  a  flitch  of  bacon, 
which  alTorded  all  tin*  olTlcers  of  our  detachnu^nt  a  suj>p((r. 
W(>  then  went  to  bed. 

2bh.  Theremainsof  Mr.  Izanls  pn'sent  alfonied  us  all  a, 
breakfast,  and  no  expectation  of  any  more. 

2.')th.  -W«*  wt-re  ordered  to  nnirch,  although  hungry;  &  to 
add  to  our  niisfortune  came  on  a  vcrry  heavy  rain,  which  wet 
lis  suflhuently.  W<' marcOied  to  Dorcliester  and  got  into  the 
empty  houses.— We  all  dined  with  Col.  Jjawr«uu'c,  and  got 
])lenty  «)f  wine  and  grogg.     I]  miles. 

2<Jt1».  We  (puvrtered  in  an  <'ligant  house,  but  our  landlady 
was  in  Cluirlestown,  a,n(l  no  a[)pearanc(!  of  anything,  to  eat. 

27th.-    Continued  in  this  sit  uat  ion. 

28th    -We  got  a  lit  tl(»  l»eef  and  rice  and  a  little  grogg  this  day. 

2!Mh. — .V  renuirkabh*  change  of  weather.  Snow«'d  verry  fast 
for  some  t  imi',  then  cleared  nji  cold. 

;iOtli.     Still    continued  cold.      Received  onbu-s  to  march,  (o 


rillST  I'KNNSYFiVANIA  lU'/ilMI-^NT. 


ms 


join  tlio  army  nt  h«'ii<lqiuir(,«'i'.s.  Tlu^st*  onlnrH  wen^  cf>nn<er- 
iiiundHd,  WH  inarcluMl  n,  rjiiit  h  <ii<T(>rei)t  roufco  at  three  o'clock 
in  the  aft(!rnoon.  (Joiiliiiucd  our  iiiarcli  unMll  eleven  o'clock, 
when  wo  liallod  an<l  made  lireHlo  warm  ourH«dvesand  dryonr 
feet,  and  {jive  tli«'  (cavalry  (ime  to  cross  the  riv(fr.  We  then 
took  nj)<h(f  line  of  march  and  crosHed  thn  Slrawborry  Itiv<fr; 
by  thJH  time  «layii^lit  aiipeantd.  A  rennirkahle  froHt.  Hi. 
John's  I'arish,  20  mihsH. 

Slst. — KtMiiainf'd  here  until  one  o'clock  t  o draw  an«l  cook  i)rovi- 
sions,  AVhilst,  \ve  rtMiiained  here  Doct'r  J{otl(>n,an  inhahilarit, 
invitt'd  ail  the  oilicer.s  of  the  d(>tachment  to  <line  with  him. 
We  cln'erfnliy  accei)ted  of  the  invitation.  ])ined  upon  an  cAcel- 
lent  wild  turkey,  and  had  plenty  of  wine  &  fjrogg.  The  Doct'r 
l)e^}jed  that  if  evc^'  we  came  the  road  a^iiin,  we  woidd  let,  him 
know  a  f<'W  hours  hefore,  and  Im  woidd  provide  for  us.  Wts 
then  nuirclnul  to  (foos(!  creek  Brid^*',  &  lay  in  tins  woods.  U 
miles. 

Ai)ril  Ist,  1783. — Tho.  weatlmr  still  continued  verry  cold. 
Marched  at  eight  o'ciiock  to  Mr.  Thomas's  J^arm,  an  elifjiitit 
situation,  where  MaJ'r  Moon^  had  sonns  dinner  provided.  We 
ail  took  u  hite  and  a  drink  of  {.froir!:^.     8  miles. 

2tid. -Marched  at  eifjht  o'clock  in  tin?  mornin}^,  and  cro.ss(fd 
<i  air  info's  liridj5<',<}c  AVapatoo  Urid^jc,  where  ^^  rows  a  large  cpian- 
tity  of  <'ahl)i{jfe  Trees;  made  a  short  hall,  then  took  np  the 
line  of  nuirch  1o  lladril's  Point  on  the  N.  Kast  sid(f  of  (Jharles- 
town,  where  it  was  suppostid  the  (inemy  wt-n'out.  After  dark, 
intelligence  (Nime  to  ns  the  enemy  were  returned.  AV<!  then 
facd  to  the  right  al)out,  and  crossed  AV^apatoo  J^ridgt^  where 
we  lay  under  an  old  tree.     21  miles. 

;id. — Took  np  the  line  of  nnirch  at  eight  o'clock;  crosse<l 
Gairing's  Hridge,took  the  lower  road  next  r'harl(^sto\vn,it  l)eing 
something  n(!arer ;  luadt*  a  short  halt,  ihen  an  exprfiss  came 
from  (ren'l  Greene  for  nsto  return  immediately,  lest  we  should 
lie  cut  oil"  hefore  assistance  could  1)(»  given.  W<;then  maih  a 
J)marchtoa  branch  of  Cooper  River;  crossed  at  iSoinieau's 
l'''erry,  then  took  np  the  line  of  march  and  came  to  HI  rawberry 
River,  where  «)nr  old  friend  the  J)octor  had  a,  supper  provided  for 
ns.  We  supt  with  him,  and  then  crossed  the  river.  Aft(  r  we 
<'n)ssed  some  of  the  soldiers  began  to  plunder  I  he  negroes  ;  one 
of  the  JiCgion  Infantry  fired  &  shot  om?  of  the  soldiers  of  our 
rtfgiment.     520  miles, 

Ith.  iMurched  at  eight  o'clock,  and  made  a  halt.  We  were 
ordered  not  to  let  the  soldiers  cook,  we  were  to  nuirch  imme- 
<liately.  Htire  w«^  lay  in  the  woods  without  anything  toeal  or 
driidt,  and  would  not  l)e  a,llow<'(l  tocf)ok.  In  this  situation  we 
remaine<I  nntill  four  o'clock,  when   Col.  Lawrencti  had  <linM 


MCDOWELL'S  JOURNAL. 


l.'vJ 


f      ^1 


iiiul  fiird  himself  with  wine.  We  then  took  np  the  line  of 
inarch  and  came  to  Bacon's  Bridge,  where  we  lay  all  ni-ght 
wilhont  anything  to  shelter  us  from  the  dew.  It  was  so  late 
we  could  not  provide  anything  for  our  comfort,— so  much  for 
Col.  Lawrence's  wild  goose  chase.  N.  IJ.  Ever  since  the  lOtii 
of  March  I  never  slept  a  night  with  my  cloaths  of.     22  miles. 

5th.  -Buried  the  soldier  who  was  wounded  on  the  night  of 
the  third  instant.     Remained  here  this  day. 

Gth. — Received  orders  for  Maj'r  Moore's  detachment  lo  Join 
the  army  at  head  quarters.  Joined  about  three  o'clock. 
Dined  with  Maj'r  Moore.     4  miles, 

7th  &  8th.  — Employ'd  in  coppying  my  journal.  Whilst  I  was 
on  this  detachment  a  difference  happened  between  Gtuil 
Greene  and  some  of  our  ofBcers  about  a  Capt.  detachment 
which  was  ordered  out,  but  in  which  the  Cajit.  was  allowed  to 
choose  the  snbaltnnis  who  was  to  go  with  liim  on  this  duty. 
Lieut.  Marshall  was  the  olTicer  whose  tower  it  was  for  com- 
mand, and  was  Avarned  ;  after  ho  went  to  the  Grand  J^arade, 
Captain  Wilmot,  made  choice  of  another.  This  appeared  to  be 
a  reflection  on  the  ofTicer  who  was  warned  ;  he  would  not  leave 
tlu!  Parade  until  he  see  an  order  from  the  Gen'l  for  this  irre!-u- 
iar  manner  of  proceeding;  Avliich  was  presented  to  him.  He 
then  came  home,  his  feelings  injured  much,  whereuppon  the 
majority  of  the  ofTlcers  of  our  line  wrote  him  [General  Greene] 
the  following  letter: — 


Camp,  March  2Hth,  iri<2. 
Stu; 

When  the  subj<'cts  of  a  State  conceive  their  rights  infring'd 
on,  they  readily  supi)os»!  it  arrises  from  some  mistake  in  the 
Executive  part  of  the  Ciovernment ;  or  that  the  (fovernor 
means  to  adopt  a  iuod«>  of  governing  altogether  new,  and  what 
the  subj(^cts  have  hitherto  been  unacquainted  with  ;  to  d«'ter- 
mine  whicli  it  is  natural  for  the  good  subjects  as  men  who 
have  a  S(Mise  of  subordination  knowing  it  to  be  the  basis  on 
which  tli(*  privileges  and  hai)piness  of  Ihe  people  so  much  de- 
|)end,  and  more  i)articularly  in  an  army  to  inquire,  and  mod- 
estly ask  an  explanation. 

In  the  situation  of  injured  subjects,  do  the  Captains  and 
8ubalt  r(>ns  of  1  Ik*  Penn  a  line  review  I  hemselves  when  they  re- 
flect on  the  circumstances  attending  the  formation  of  ('apt. 
Wilmot's  detachment. 

We  do  therefore*  beg  the  Gen  I  will  inform  us  wliethe?-  it  was 
his  inteuf  ion  that  (^apt.  Wilmof's  command  should  Ix' formed 
on  the  ])rincipals  it  was,  or  whether  by  mistake.  Should  it 
prove  the  latter,  we  shall  l>e  hapi)y  and  have  not  a  doubt  but 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


017 


that  Gen'l  Greene's  sense  of  equity  and  honour  will  lead  hiui 
to  do  justice  to  the  feelings  of  a  body  of  injui'ed  onicers. 

For  the  purpose  of  better  explniidng  the  points  wherein  wo 
conceive  ourselves  agrieved,  we  inclose  a  coppy  of   the  order. 

We  have  the  honour  to  be  with  respect,  your  obedient  and 
verrv  hnnible  servants. 


Oen'l  Greena's  Answer. 

Head  Quarters,  29th  March,  1783. 
Gentlemen : 

The  constitution  of  our  ar)ny  and  that  of  civil  government 
are  uppon  different  principals,  the  object  of  one  so  different 
from  the  other,  that  what  might  l)e  essential  to  militaj'y  opera- 
tions in  the  foi-ination  of  an  army,  would  l)e  found  too  simple 
f<ir  the  various  interests  and  different  claims  under  civil  gov- 
ernment. The  business  of  an  army  is  to  cover  the  country  and 
anoy  the  enemy,  that  of  civil  government  to  protect  and  se- 
cure the  rights  t)f  individuals  ;— therefore  to  argue  from  anal- 
ogy of  the  rights  of  men  under  those  dilferent  governments,  is 
confounding  things  that  have  no  relation,  and  reasoidng  upon 
principals  that  never  can  be  admitted  in  an  army.  It  is  neces- 
sary both  to  the  success  of  an  army  that  the  m()v<«ments  should 
be  simple  and  secret.  If  the  constitution  of  an  army  is  not 
nppon  this  j)rin<'ipal,  it  can  answer  the  designs  of  (fovernment ; 
and  to  form  an  army  n])pon  any  plan  which  must  defeat  the 
great  object  of  it,  will  burthen  the  community  with  a  great  ex- 
pence  without  ntillity.  I  am  always  as  tender  of  the  feelings 
of  officers  as  possible,  but  if  they  go  into  refinements  and  urge 
injuries,  which  have  no  foundation  but  from  improper  modes 
of  reasoning,  I  cannot  sacrifice  the  i)ublic  good  and  the  repu- 
tation of  the  army  at  liirge,  to  accomodate  ndlitary  operations 
to  their  way  of  thinking.  \ou  are  to  consider  yourselves  as 
officers  of  tlu>  Continental  Army,  bound  by  its  laws  and  gov- 
erned by  military  maxims.  You  arc*  under  military  not  civil 
government.  If  you  feel  any  injury  it  must  be  as  ollicers  of  the 
line  of  the  army  and  not  those  of  any  particular  Slate.  l»ut 
if  you  will  give  yourselves  tlm  trouble  to  read  military  .im- 
thors,  and  consider  the  practice  of  other  armies,  n,nd  reflect 
without  prejudise  nppon  the  natureaiid  design  of  detachments, 
you  cannot  but  be  convin(M>d  your  greavances  are  imaginary. 
When  detachments  are  male,  it  is  for  some  particular  pur- 
pose, to  make  it,  therefore,  in  a  manner,  not  perfectly  calcu- 
lated to  answer  the  design,  would  both  sacrifice  the  publick 
good  &  by  degrees  the  re])utation  of  the  army.  There  are 
more  things  to  l)e  taken  into  consideration  in  making  a,de- 
tacdinient,  than   merely  the  military    abilities  of   tlio  t)incer 


i 


.J 

■a  I 


318 


MCDOWELL'S  JOURNAL. 


coiiiinandirig,  or  lus  rank  in  the  Lino  of  i\u'  army;— there  is  a 
knowUnlge  of  the  country,  tlie  people  and  other  local  cirouni- 
stances  which  are  verry  material  considerations  to  be  attended 
to,  to  give  success  to  an  enterprise.  A  man  of  an  inferior  ca- 
pacity, with  a  knowledge  of  those  things  would  lie  able  to  ex- 
ecute a  command  much  better  with  these  than  a  man  of  supe 
rior  capacity  without  them.  1  have  ever  made  it  a  rule  and 
1  fhid  it  well  warranted  by  the  best  military  writers,  as  well 
from  the  reason  &  natnr(^  of  the  thing,  to  detach  such  men  and 
oflicers  as  I  may  think  requisite  for  the  service  to  be  performed. 

Nothing  short  of  this  can  give  success  to  an  enterprize.  I 
hope,  therefore,  you  will  consider  this  (explanation  satisfactory. 
"Vou  may  be  assured  I  have  the  strongest  disposition  to  oblige 
&  do  justice  to  the  merit  &  service  of  every  otilcer,  but  nmst 
confine  myself  to  such  maxims  of  military  government  as  are 
necessary  to  do  justice  to  the  publick  and  the  army  at  large. 

I  am,  Gentlemen,  your  most  obedient  humble  s(?rvant, 

NATllli.    GUKKNK. 


Sir; 


Answer  to  Gen'' I  Greene's  letter. 

Camp,  3d  April,  1782. 


That  civil  and  military  governments  differ,  we  grant.  But, 
that  they  are  both  con.stituted  on  principles  of  Justice  is  a  cir- 
cumstance in  itsejf  too  evident  to  admit  of  a  doubt. —There- 
fore to  quote  civil  government,  &  deduce  from  thence  that  a, 
subject  tho'  not  of  the  State  we  had  a  right  to  ask  redre.ss  of 
grievances  and  not  deemed  unreasonal)le, — for  that  military 
subjects  have  not  a  claim  to  Justice  altho'  the  gt)vernment  is 
supposed  to  hold  it  in  its  verry  principals  is  a  matter  that  we 
have  never  yet  been  a(!quaiiited  with.  —Prom  what  circum- 
stances the  Gren'l  judges  when  he  supposes  ns  to  have  taken  up 
the  matter  as  officers  of  the  army,  and  not  of  the  Continental 
Army,  we  are  at  a  loss  to  know  ;— And  can  only  answer  that  it 
is  not  in  our  power  to  account  for  the  feelings  and  ideas  of  any 
body  but  ourselve.s.  Ihit  offer  to  explain  why  it  should  alTect 
us  particularly,  as  there  was  an  officer  «)f  our  line  sent  by  regu- 
lar detail  with  the  detachment  to  the  Graiul  Paratle,  and  was 
dismissed  from  thence  by  Captain  Wilmot  Avho  produced  an 
onler  vesting  him  [Cai)tain  Wilmot]  with  power  to  approve 
of  or  reject  such  officer  as  he  might  think  proper.  —If  theGen  'I 
will  reflect  a  moment  on  the  circumstances,  he  must  naturally 
conclude,  (unless  he  sti|)po.ses  us  void  of  every  delicate  sensa- 
tion) that  we  have  cause  of  a  complaint.  We  conclude  with 
observing  that  altho'  the  answer  to  our  address  was  not  sosart- 


FIRST  PKNNSYLV^ANIA  RErilMHNT. 


:}l!) 


isfactory  as  we  could  have  t'xpected  we  are  indunpd  from  tho 
peRuIiar  sitnatioti  of  the  army,  and  oiir  zeal  for  the  jiublick 
good,  to  decline  any  further  steps  on  the  occasion. 


9th  April  17S3.  — This  day  a  scarcity  of  provisions  in  camp. 
This  was  a  Fi«ild  J)ay  with  the  eniMiiy,  a  regular  diHcharf^e  of 
cannon  and  small  arms  about  ten  o'clock,  which  continued 
luitil  twelve. 

10th. — Cloudy  and  windy,  and  threatens  rain.  In  the  even- 
ing a  verry  heavy  rain,  wliich  ahiiost  drowtuled  us  in  our  tent. 

11th. — Still  continiuid  wt^t  and  disagreeably  cold  for  the 
season. 

12th.  —This  morning  cleared  up  cold. 

ll?th.  —  A  verry  heavy  dew,  and  cold.  This  morning  at  nine* 
o'clock  the  army  fired  blank  cartridges;  the  first  was  a  dis- 
charge of  four  pieces  of  artillery,  then  the  small  arms  by  i»la- 
toons  from  right  to  left,  then  four  pieces  of  artillery  ;  the  next 
firt!  was  by  divisions  from  right  to  left  of  the  line,  then  four 
pieces  of  artillery,  tluMi  by  a  battalion  from  right  to  left.  The 
north  Carolinians  and  Marylaiiders  made  verry  bad  lire;  it  re- 
sembled a  running  fire  more,  than  anything  I  can  compare  it 
to. —Our  troops  fired  excee<ling  well  it  was  all  like  one  gun. 

14th  April  1783. —This  day  a  small  party  of  thti  enemy's  cav- 
alry came  to  Dorchester  and  took  Lieut.  Carrington  i)risoner, 
one  of  Col  Lee's  ofTicers,  who  was  reconoitring.  This  night, the 
soldiers  slept  with  their  cloa,ths  on,  cV  lay  on  their  jirms. 

15th.  — Employ'd  in  manouvering  the  troops. — This  day  Cfen'l 
St.  Clair,  ('apt'n  Keen,  Capt'n  J.iickson  went  from  camp  for 
Penn'a. 

16th. —This  morning  Capt'n  OrendalT.  of  the  Maryland  Line, 
solicited  acinnmand  to  goon  the  British  lines  and  obtain'<l  it. 

Cren'l  Cfre(>ne  moved  his  quarters  to  the  house  where  Gen'l 
St.  Clair  had  quarters.     Verry  fine  weather. 

17th.— The  weather  still  continues  pleasant  and  warm. 

18th.  -This  day  we  drew  up  a  remonstrance  to  send  to  the 
Assembly  of  Penn'a  in  behalf  of  the  ofTicers  and  soldiers  of 
that  Line,  setting  forth  the  fniudulent  manner  in  which  we 
were  settled  with,  and  one-third  of  our  Depreciation  paid  in 
bills  scarce  worth  one-sixth  of  their  nominal  value,  and  in 
many  instances  not  one-eighth.  This  was  signed  by  all  the 
Field  &  other  officers  of  the  line,  and  sent  to  Philadelphia,. 

lUth— This  morning  four  of  the  soldiers  of  our  Pattalion  de- 
serted with  their  arms,  &  took  a  quantity  of  ammunition,  and 
two  from  a  detachment  which  was  on  the  lines,  and  Sf)me  from 
the  Maryland  Line  and  North  Carolina,  in  all  nine,  and  went 
to  the  enemy. 


w 


■  i 

5*. 


jHll 


ll 


(■«! 


I 


8S0 


MCDOWELL'S  .lOUIlNAL. 


20th. — A  f^reat  iin<»asinoss  witli  tlit-  ^liiryland  liiiic,  in  n  fjurd 
of  (JcrtiCK^atcs,  wliicli  thrir  Stalf  wauled  to  ^ive  lliciii  for  the 
depreciation  of  t  heir  pay  ;  tliey  would  l)y  iio  means  take  them. 
This  morning  a  party  of  the  enemies  cavalry  cam<!  to  our  ad- 
vance i)icquei  j^uard,  the  j^iiard  fired  on  them,  tliey  went  bacli 
ajfain,  one  of  tlieir  men  deserted  witli  ills  liorsti  &  accutri- 
ments,  Tiiis  afternoon  an  ollici-r  and  21  men  deserted  from 
James'  Island  with  their  arms  an<l  accutriments,  antl  came  to 
our  camp;  tliese  were  refugees,  what  the  people  in  this  part 
of  the  country  call  Sv'()f<»s.  A  nundjer  of  sergts.  confined  on 
sus[)ision  of  raising  a  mutiny. 

31st.  This  day  a  parijof  the  enernys  Black  Cavalry  came 
to  Dorchester,  a  [)arty  «)f  our  horse  fell  in  with  them  and  made 
a  charge  &  killed  their  black  rai)tain  and  wounded  some  of 
their  men;  one  of  ours  was  killed,  and  one  wounded,  and  some 
a  nnssing. — This  day  I  was  on  guard  in  a  swamp,  amongst 
owles  and  nuisquetoes. 

2'inil.  — This  afternoon,  at  three  o'clock,  Sergt  (roznel  was  ex- 
ecuted for  encouraging  and  olTj^ring  to  head  the  nnitaniers,  & 
six  othi^r  sergts.  of  our  Line  Avas  sent  to  Penna  as  they  were 
suspected  to  be  in  the  plot,  but  no  proof  could  be  made  against 
them.  Yesterdax'  Lieut  l^eltman  of  our  Kegt  &  Jjieut  Cun- 
ningh.im  of  the  !?d  resigned. 

2'-VA. — This  morning  Lieut.  Felt  man  and  L't.  Cunningham 
went  from  camp,  for  Penn'a.  I  wrote  a  letter  to  my  ]'\'ither 
byCapt.  Gampl)ell.  This  day  the  Court  Marshall  sat  to  try 
the  rest  of  the  mutaniers. 

21th.  —This  morning  (jren'l  Greene  came  very  early  to  camp 
and  informed  us  tlie  enemy  were  out.  AVe  made  the  men  fall  in, 
examined  their  arms  and  ainunition,  then  stacked  arms  on  the 
parade  ;  after  some  time  we  liad  orders  to  strike  tenisand  load 
tlie  baggage.  In  this  situatiori  we  remained  until  three  o'clock, 
when  we  had  orders  to  pitch  them  again. 

25th  April.  --This  morning  I  went  on  the  riglit  flank,  Picquet 
(luard,  where  there  was  no  shelter  for  me  in  case  of  rain,  which 
it  threatened  much.  I  built  a  good  shade  and  covered,  it  with 
bark.  This  day  we  got  a  milk  cow.  Avith  a  calf,  for  our  mess, 
which  was  bettor  than  the  poor  beef  and  rice. 

2()th.  — This  day  still  threatens  rain. 

27th. — This  morning  1  Avent  a  fishing  in  the  Ashley  Riv<  , 
but  caught  nothing. 

28th. — This  day  continued  Avarin  and  cloudy. — In  the  evening 
came  a  heavy  tlumder  show^M*  and  continued  raining  the 
greater  pari  of  the  night. 

2i)th. — This  morning  somewhat  Avet ;  cleared  up  about  twelve 
o'clock,  &  soon  clouded  up  again.  Now  something  cool  to 
what  it  was. 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  KEGI.MKNT. 


891 


;}Oth.— This  mornirijf  soiiM'thinj?  wet.  I  iiioniitcd  ^iiard  ;  it 
<',leaiV(l  up  about  10  o'clock,  A;  about  2  there  came  on  a  heavy 
lliundtM-  shower  which  wet  me  HuJlictiently ;  then  clearM  up  ami 
had  a  pleasant  iiij^lit. 

1st  May  1782. — This  ev(MiiM^,  sometJiiiig  extraordinary  lor 
this  army,  the  ortlcers  dn'w  a  (luart  of  rum,  <S»:  the  soldiers  a 
f^ill,  tocelihrate  the  American  S  t.   May  poles  were  erected 

2nd. — This  day  we  w»m'«'  reinforced  by  a  i)arty  of  Militia  from 
this  State,  Horse,  and  Infantry,  consisting' of  about  six  hun- 
dred, and  encampd  on  our  rij^ht  Hank. 

!J  1.— Tliis  morninf^  oneofdapt  IJoude's  men  deserted.  This 
afternoon  four  llessia,n  tleserters  came  to  us. 

4th. — This  mornin^^  one  of  Capt  Steel's  company  deserted, 
one  of  the  eijjhteen  uujnths'  nu;n  wliich  was  drafted  to  our 
regiment.     This  morniiif^  1  went  on  t^uard. 

r)th. — This  mornin^^  six  of  the  second  Uatalion  deserted — A 
lamentable  circumstance  indeed  that  desertion  is  like  to  con- 
tinue in  our  army  ;— but  what  can  we  expect  in  their  situation, 
without  cloaths  and  jiay  for  two  years.  Every  person  must 
allow  there  is  still  virtue  in  the  army  when  we  hav*;  any  left. 
This  evening  two  of  the  ISritish  deserted  to  our  army -and 
confirmed  the  report  of  eight  hundred  troops  sailing  for  some 
of  the  Islands. 

0th.— This  day  I  dined  with  Col.  Mentges,  wliere  (ren'l  Gist 
and  all  the  field  ofTicers  Avere  there. 

7th. — This  morning  I  went  an  general  fatigue  to  build  a 
liouse  for  the  provost,  after  all  the  prisoners  had  run  away. 
This  afternoon  the  North  f'arolina,  Brigade  manoever«'d  with 
blank  cartridges  and  lired  amazingly  bad. 

8lh.  -Tills  morning  we  moved  our  tents  a  little  in  front  to 
change  our  ground  and  make  the  cauip  clean. 

9th. — This  day  one  of  our  soldiers  whicn  deserted  some  time 
ago  deserted  back  again,  with  a  new  suit  of  cloaths. 

lOtli. — A  very  heavy  rain  with  thunder  and  wind,  which 
began  at  one  o'clock  at  night  and  continued  until  twelve 
o'clock  this  day.  In  the  mi<lst  of  this  rain  I  mounted  the 
Governor's  Guard,  wliich  was  five  miles  from  camp,  &i  was 
very  wet  when  I  got  there.     I  lived  exceeding  well. 

11th. — This  afternoon  there  was  orders  for  a  command  to  be 
in  readiness  to  march  the  next  morning  at  sunrise;  the  com- 
mand consisted  of  one  Major,  three;  capt'ns  &  100  men. 

I'M h.— The  command  inarchd  at  sunrise,  &  joined  Col  Law- 
reri  and  his  detachment.  This  evening  at  ten  o'clock,  the 
yit%  '  returned  to  camp  with  3  prisoners  which  they  took  near 
t'      Quarter  House. 


.%*^ll 


[»■' 


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■Hi 


21-VoL.  XV. 


IS 


323 


MCDOWELL'S  JOURNAL. 


13th. — This  morning  I  employ 'd  in  makinf?  a  bowery  to  keep 
the  scorching  heat  of  the  sun  from  my  tent. 

14th.  May: — This  morning  five  Britisli  deserters  came  to  us. 

15th.— This  morning  I  went  on  Gen  1  Greene's (iruard.  Whilst 
on  this  guard  I  received  two  letters,  one  from  Mr.  King,  dated 
Jan'y  2Isc,  1782.  The  other  from  my  brother  Alexa'r,  dated 
24th  Jan 'y,  1782. 

lOtli.— This  afternoon  I  employ'd  in  writing  to  Mr.  King  and 
brother  Alex'r,  but  was  disappointed,  the  person  wlio  was  to 
carry  them  went  two  days  before  his  trist  with  me. 

17th. --This  evening  a  small  pnrty  of  the  enemy  came  to  our 
advance  picquet  and  flred  on  tlie  sentrj'. 

18th. —Tliis  morning  so  cooJ  that  it  was  disagreeable  t<>  us; 
numbers  of  the  officers  wore  their  great  coats. 

19th. —This  day  continued  cool  and  cloudy. 

20th. — This  morning  I  mounted  the  advance  guard  of  the 
army  which  was  at  Bacon  Bridge.  In  the  morning  twf)  Hags 
went  down  to  th;^  enemies  lines.  About  two  o'clock  Cap  u 
Skully,  aitl  to  Genl  Lestly,  came  to  my  guanl  with  u  Hag;  was 
desirous  to  see  Gen'l  Greene.  I  had  to  send  to  the  Field  Offi- 
cer of  the  Day  &  from  that  to  the  Gen'l,  as  he  informed  me 
his  business  was  of  consequence  to  Ixitli  armys.  While  he  re- 
nuiined  with  me,  we  ha,d  a  good  deal  of  conversation.  Ilehop'd 
that  matters  were  on  a  fare  footing  for  pea,ce ;  ho  hop'd  that 
we  would  soon  have  the  pleasure  of  drinking  a  glass  of  wine 
and  taking  each  »other  by  the  hand  in  peacable  terms.  He 
then  asked  me  to  take  a  ilrink  of  ])orter  witli  !>im,  a,fti'r  this  I 
indulg'd  him  to  go  to  Mr.  Izard's  to  refresh  himself  untill  the 
Gen'l  would  cojue.  ImuKHliately  after  there  came  a  secf)nd 
flag,  a,  young  lady  &  her  brother  to  see  some  of  their  friends. 
I  detained  this  one  also.  About  sunset  the  Genl  came,  and 
renuiined  at  my  out  sentinal,  with  Capt'n  Skully,  untill  eight 
o'clock  at  night ;  then  disuussed  the  Hag. 

21st. — Fine  agreeable  weather.  I  had  to  go  to  inanoevcr 
this  afternoon,  notwithstanding  1  came  otT  guard. 

22nd. -This  moriung  I  had  to  sit  on  Court  Marsluill,  totry  a 
soldier  which  denied  his  enlistment. 

2.kl.— Capt'n  Davis  &  I  received  a  note  from  (ren'l  Greene  to 
dine  with  him  this  day,  which  we  answered. 

24th.  -This  day  I  mounted  the  Advance  Giuird,and  reccdved 
one  flag. 

2-)th.  — I  employ'd  this  day  in  writing  letters,  one  to  Mr. 
King,  one  to  brother  John,  &  one  to  brother  Alex'r,-  and  en- 
closed them  in  a  few  lines  to  Mr.  Pattk  Allison.  Tlie  after- 
noon in  oi)ening  a  com])'y  book.  'I'liis  day  einls  the  year  sinc(» 
I  began  to  keep  a  Journal.  —  I  now  sum  up  the  numbo«'  of  udles 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMP^NT. 


323 


wliich  I  traveled  during  this  time,    whicli  is  1891  inileH,  exclu- 
sive of  a  marehiug  about  camp,  on  guards,  and  from  them. 

2()th.  —This  evening  came  orders  for  a  Lieut. ,  Sergt. ,  ('orp'l, 
and  fourteen  men  to  parade  on  tlie  Grand  parade  the  next 
morning  at  sunrise. 

37th. —This  morning  I  was  ordered  for  tins  command,  and 
had  not  fifteen  nunutes  to  prepare  for  it.  This  command  was 
to  go  to  the  Congaree  River  to  guard  cloathing  to  the  army, 
for  the  Torys  was  verry  troublesome.  I  went  to  Mr.  Summers 
and  dined  with  him,  8  miles;  then  went  on  and  remained  with 
a  ))oor  widow  that  night  in  the  midst  of  the  T«)ry  settlement. 
25  miles. 

28th. —Went  on  the  next  morning,  loaded  with  sickness  and 
distracted  with  the  tooth-ake,  &  halted  at  Mr.  I^unkland's, 
where  the  lady  made  me  a  good  dish  of  tea.  I  got  some  better 
of  the  sickness,  but  the  tooth-ake  was  more  violent.  I  went 
on  my  journey,  &  on  tlie  road  I  kill'd  o  alligator  seven  feet 
long.     Came  to  the  widdow  Thomi)sons.     25  miles. 

2i)th. — This  morning  my  face  was  swelled  very  much,  and  the 
pain  still  worse  to  bare.  1  went  on  through  the  <U'solate 
country,  not  a  house  for  twenty  miles.  I  came  to  Col.  Thomp- 
son's, whilst  they  were  at  tea.  I  drank  two  dishes,  and  ihcii 
went  to  (ien'l  Hugar's,  where  the  cloathing  was.     27  miles. 

oOth. — I  got  the  waggons  loaded,  and  after  breakfast  I  re- 
turn'd  to  Col  [Thompson's]  v.here  I  had  to  renut.in  untill  I  sent 
four  nnles  for  provision  &  foragc!.  I  took  dinner  and  evening 
tea,  then  proctunled  on.     7  miles. 

3]st.  -Still  distracted  with  the  tooth-ake.      Went  24  miles. 

1st  June,  1782.— This  day  Col.  Thompson  &  Col,  Dart,  with 
seven  wagtrons  came  to  n\e  and  took  protection  of  my  (id 
through  the  Tory  count ry.  I  Avas  now  almost  dead  with  the 
[)ain.  want  of  sleep,  and  could  take  no  nourishment  l)uL  the 
little  milk  or  tt^i,  williout  <'ating  anything.     20  miles. 

2nd. — Left  i\rr.  Dunklands  who  was  verry  kind  to  me  an<T 
came  to  old  Summerse's.     2")  miles. 

3(1.- This  morning  (  he  swelling  broke,  but  still  i)ainfull.  1 
came  to  cam]).     8  miles. 

4th. — This  morning  siclv  and  my  face  painfull. 

5th.     Th(!  jiain  now  al>ateil  a  little, 

()th.  -  This  morning  1  took  a,  voinitt  which  almost  killed  me. 

7th. — This  (hiy  came  in  a  iiiiml)er  of  ileserter^.  1  continned 
sick. 

Hth.  — This  day  cloudy  &  threatenetl  rain.  1  now  got  sonie- 
Avhat  bett«'r. 

0th.— A  very  wet  day  and  still  threatenn  more. 

10th.— Still  wet  ,ind  worse. 


^1 

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324 


MCDOWELL'S  JOURNAL 


nth.  — Wet,  wet,  &  wet.  ^ 

13th. —A  very  wet  spell  indeed, 

14th. — Tliis  thiy  cleur'd  up.  1  mounted  frenl  Greene's  Guard 
"wliere  I  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  a  coppy  of  the  treaty  be- 
tween Oenl.  Marlon  and  the  Tt^rys. 

15th. — Tills  day  a  detiichnient  was  order'd  out  to  consist  of 
100  men  lit  for  Light  Infantry,  properly  officer'tl,  to  join  the 
Horse  &  Infantry  on  the  lines, the  whole  to  be  commanded  by 
Genl.  (list. 

lOth. — Last  night  a  small  party  of  the  enemy  came  out  and 
tired  on  the  sentries  of  our  advance  guards  which  alarmed  the 
camp.  We  rose  out  of  our  beds  and  paraded  our  men.  We 
were  two  hours  under  arms  before  we  disniissed  the  men— 
Avhich  was  half  after  twelve  o'clock. —This  day  the  Infantry 
left. 

17th. — This  day  I  mounted  guard.  I  received  a  note  from 
Genl.  Greene  to  dine  with  him  to-morrow. 

18th.  — A  wet  morning.  This  disappointed  me  of  waiting  on 
the  Gen'l.  This  day  we  had  the  report  of  Savanna  being  evac- 
uated on  the  loth  of  this  instant. 

19th. —This  day  wet  and  show'ry. 

20th.— This  «lay  I  mounted  guard  ;  a  fine  day  but  verry  warm. 

21st. —An  exceeding  hot  day. 

23d.  -This  day  we  drew  shoes  for  every  man;  some  shirts, 
Overalls,  &  some  hats;  &  some  shirts  for  the  men  &  stockings 
[or  stocks]  This  dny  the  ollicers  drew  some  articles  of  cloath- 
iiig,  amounting  to  five  pounds  sterling  each.  The  articles 
which  I  got  was,  1  piece  of  black  silk  patron  for  britches,  7  yds. 
cource  linnen,  1  pjiir  of  shoes,  1  pen  knife,  I  si)oon  A  oz,  of 
thread,  one  pocket  handkerchief.  This  is  the  way  we  i)ay  for 
things  deliver'd  to  us.  If  they  would  give  us  our  pay  we  would 
j)urcliase  oiu>-tliird  cheaper. 

2;5d.— This  day  I  mounted  guard. 

3itli.— This  day  warm.  Col.  Lee's  Legion  verry  dis.satislied 
abou  tail  order  which  (4  en  I.  Greene  issued  some  time  ago  allowing 
('ol.  liawrence  to  have  the  commmaiid  of  the  Legion  Infantry. 
In  consequence  of  this  order  Major  i'rudalf  and  all  IlKiCupt'ns 
of  the  ('oar  gave  their  resignations  to  Genl.  (rreene,  which  he 
accepted  of. 

2."th.— Still  warm  and  show'ry. 

2(lth. — This  evening  a  soldier  of  our  Line  had  to  run  the 
Gauutl«)op»^  for  breaking  a  store  at  Georgeiovvn,  ami  another 
received   100  lashes. 

27th.— This  day  1  mounted  guard. 

2atii.-— This  day  1  went  a.  llshing  iu  the  Ashley  River,  at 
l^akon  Ib'idge,  l)Ut  caught  nothing;  a  hot  day. 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


325 


29th. — This  day  1  went  to  the  Li^jht  Infantry  to  try  to  pro- 
cure  some  arti(;Ies  from  Charles  Town. 

iJOth. — A  warm  ispell  of  weather. 

July  1,  1783.     An  exceeding  warm  day  indeed. 

2nd. — This  day  i  mounted  guard  and  was  ahnost  eat  up  witli 
the  musquitoes. 

3d. — A  most  extrovdinary  storm  of  wind  and  rain.  This  day 
I  din'd  with  Lt.  C<d  Mentgis  &  Major  Moore.  This  day  then- 
was  an  order  for  Fuch^  Joy  to  be  lired  to-morrow  at  live  o'cloek, 
the  wliole  army  to  ))e  drawn  up  in  one  line  and  to  salute  the 
(ienl  ;  tlien  thirteen  cannon  to  be  lired  from  the  park  of  artil- 
lery, in  oelebratiop  of  our  Independence,  &  twenty  one  for  the 
yong  DolTin  of  France,  then  a  running  lire  of  small  arms  from 
right  to  left  of  the  army  ;  this  to  be  rei)eated  ;  Three  rounds; 
then  mandi  past  the  (renl.  and  salute  him.  The  whole  of  the 
Capt'ns  &  subaltrons  to  dine  at  Head  Qrs.  Tlus  Field  Ollicers 
and  Cjrenl.  din'd  with  the  Govr. 

Irh. — Tlie  orders  of  yesterday  was  comply 'd  with,  the  fore 
part  of  the  day  in  liring,  the  afteri)art  in  tiining  and  driidving 
wine. 

5th. —This  day  wo  madt'  a  Brigade  dintier  and  all  the  ollicers 
of  our  Line  dined  together  in  camp,  &  invited  the  l-Meld  OfTi- 
cers  and  a  numl)er  of  our  acquaintances  to  dine  with  us.  We 
had  53  dislms,  »fc  drank  lliirteen  toasts;  spent  the  evtaiing 
verry  hai)py. 

(Jth.— This  morning  1  mounted  guard.  About  eiglit  o'clock 
in  the  (evening  came  uj)  a  thun«ler shower,  which  continued  for 
Bix  hours  as  severe  as  1  ever  experienced  in  my  life(for  thunder 
and  rain,)  «fc  1  without  any  shelter. 

7th.  —This  morning  the  troops  t«)ok  up  the  line  of  march  at 
sunrise  aiul  mardu'd  7  miles.  This  is  the  llrst  man-h  for  tiu' 
army  since  the  23d  of  March.  Now  encamped  at  Ashley  Hill, 
within  eight  miles  of  the  t^iuirter  House. 

8th.-  Tills  «lay  employ "d  in  building  hutts  to  shelter  our- 
selves from  the  weather. 

0th. — This  day  1  received  three  letters  from  FeinTa  One 
from  liitMit.  ('rawford,  dated  at  Christmas,  one  fron)  lirothei' 
Nathan  dated  :5lst  December  HI,  iV  one  from  James  li-vine 
dated  Jany  M,  1782.  This  day  twelve  lbs  of  tobacco  was  issued 
to  each  company. 

lOtl).  -Tliis  day  I  mounted  guard  in  a  line  sluuly  gntve  on 
the  [)lantation  of  Mr.  Middletou.  a  member  of  ('ongress,  aiui 
one  of  the  ilne'<t  I  have  seen. 

11th.  —This  day  verry  warm.  This  ilay  the  ev.einy  evacuate«l 
Savannah  in  (teorgia. 


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330 


McWOWELL'S  JOUKNAL. 


12th. — This  day  the  2(1  Battalion  of  our  Jjiue  was  iimster'd  & 
iMspected,  for  the  months  of  April,  May,  June. 

ItJth.  — This  (lay  our  jialtalion  was  inspected, 

14th.-  This  day  I  mounted  guard.  '' 

15th. —This  morning  at  live  o'clock  Lieut.  McCullougli  of  the 
nth  J'enn'a  Kegt  died  at  the  Flying  Hospital. 

lOth. — Tliis  evening  at  7  o  clock,  he  was  bury'd  with  the  hon- 
ors of  war,  and  I  comnuiniled  tlie  party  consisting  of  one  sergt, 
one  corjjoral,  &  24  privates. 

17th. —This  day  1  mounteil  guard  near  Mrs.    Middleton's  & 
she  was  liind  enough  to  send  me  a  l)ottle  of  port  wine  wliich  I  • 
divided  amongst  tlie  sick  of  the  company  I  comuuinded.     N. 
IJ.  This  day  is  the  fifth  day  without  rice. 

IHth.  —This  ilay  somewhat  cool  after  the  severe  rain  last  even- 
ing. This  day  we  hurled  a  soldier  of  our  Batt'n.  This  day  the 
oilicers  each  tlrew  a  «puirt  of  rum  &  the  soKliers  a  gill. 

19th.-  This  day  renuirkably  cold  for  the  season,  &  cloudy. 

20tli. —This  day  I  mounted  guard,  somewhat  warm. 

2l8t.  -This  day  warm,  a  report  prevailing  of  the  enemysliav- 
iug  their  heavy  cannon  on  l)oard. 

:}2d. —This  tlay  very  warm.     At  5  o'clock  a  shower. 

33d.-^This  day  warm  indeed.  '• 

24th. —This  day  nothing  to  eat  but  rice  without  salt  or  beef. 

2r)th.— This  day  I  mounted  guard  at  Head  t^uarttirs.  This 
afternoon  a  little  beef. 

2()th.  — Warm  and' showry. 

27th. —Warm,  warm,  &c. ,  &<•,. 

28th. —This  afternoon  the  whole  army  ordered  to  march  at  7 
o dock.  INlarch'd  agret^ablt^  to  tlu^  orders.  1  was  ordered  on 
coiuuuind  to  forward  the  boats  to  Ashley  Ferry  Avithin  'A  miles 
of  the  Qiuirter  House.  1  arrived  at  the  Ferry  at  one  o'clock  in 
I  he  mortdng  (0  miles  from  this  place).  1  put  four  of  the  boats 
on  waggon.s,  the  otlntr  three  renuiintMl  in  the  river.  Here  Ave 
I'enuiiiuHl  to  refresh  antl  draw  provisions. 

2Uth.  -Kemain'd  on  this  ground  untill  (i  o'clock  in  the  after- 
noon, and  had  nothing  to  live  on  but  corn  &  Avater  mellons ; 
(hen  marched  to  camp,  arrived  here  i  eight  o'clock.  I  then 
mounted  giuird  with  a  hungry  belly.      '2  miles. 

80th.— This  morning  nothing  to  eat,  untill  we  had  to  kill  one 
of  our  cows  which  we  bought  in  Virginia.  Now  Ave  are  paying 
for  ten  thousand  guineas  which  the  State  has  given  to  (.ienl, 
(ireene.  ' 

JUst.— This  day  a  small  supply  of  beef.  t)Ut  no  salt  yet.  ' 

August  1st.  17H2.  — This  tiny  without  l>e«^'  untill  one  o'clock, 
but  no  saU  ;  \    '"y  Avarui, 

3nd.— This  day  1   moinited   guard.     This  day  fl  bcHjfeH  otiiiie 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMKNT. 


33^ 


from  Juines'H  iHland,  &  2  HeissianH  from  the  Q'r  House,  which 
Hiys  they  ar(^  very  HU^kly  in  town,  and  lias  not  two  reliefs. 

3(1.  -Tills  day  verry  warm  ;  our  men  verry  sickly  and  some 
dyiriff. 

•Ith.— This   afternoon  came  on  a  Herrican,  and  verry  sharp 
thinider,  the   house  at  Head  Quarters  was  struck,  and   three 
of  the  servants  a  little  hurt  with  the  lightning, 
fith. — This  day  showr'y  and  warm. 

(5th. — This  day  the  enemy  evacuated  the  Quarter  House. 
7th.— This  day  the  troops  drew  a  gill  of  rum,  each  officer  a 
quart. 

8th.— Twelve  deserters  came  to  us,  0  of  them  was  Militia  & 
the  rest  British.  I  mounted  guard.  Excessive  warm.  One 
of  the  soldiers  of  our  Battalion  was  shot  by  the  Waggon  TUas- 
ter's  Clark,  who  died  in  half  an  hour.  One  serg't  and  one 
nwin  died  this  day  with  sickness. 

IHh.  — This  day  ninety-two  degrees  by  the  Thermometer.-  By 
reports  an  evacuation  of  Charles  Town  will  soon  take  place. 
Agreeable  news  indeed  to  think  of  going  to  the  North'rd. 

10th.  — Refugees,  Scofesofall  ranks  and  <lenouiinations,  are 
coming  out  of  Charles  Town  t<j  nuike  their  peace  with  the 
State,  &  Hessions  &  British  tieserters. 

Sunday  11th. —Sunday,  This  day  we  have  acc't  by  a  Hag  that 
they  are  to  evacuate  New  Y(jrk  and  all  the  posts  in  America. 

Monday  13th. —Monday,  This  day  cool  and  agreeable.  The 
officers  drew  each  a  quart  of  rum  and  th«<  soldiers  a  gill. 

'I'uesday  13th.— Fine  cool  day  as  I  ever  felt  for  tliis  season  of 
the  year. 

Wednestlay  14th. — Still  continues  cool.  This  day  I  mounted 
guard  and  was  much  troid)led  with  Scofes  comuig  from  Town 
to  lay  hold  of  the  (fovr's  proclauiatiou.  Near  three  hund!*e<l 
cauie  to  the  Oov'r,  and  a  great  number  sent  to  (feorgetown. 

Tiiursday  loth. —This  day  (H)o1.  The  <to\  r"s  proclamation  is 
over  this  day.  Genl  Wayne  &  Col  Posey  with  the  Virginia 
Hegt,  which  was  at  fJeorgia  cauu*  to  camp  this  day.  The 
J)         t  (luantity  of  Scofes  I  ever  saw  in  my  life. 

Friday  Kjth. — Somewiiat  warm  this  day.  (ien'l  Wayne  ar- 
rested Cai)t  Dier  who  was  Forage  Master. 

Saturday    17th.— This   day   the    Court    ]\Iarilal    sat.     Major 
llambleton  was  President— Geti'l  W.'iyne  took  his  Qmirters  at 
Drayton  Hall,  aboutllve  miles  in  front,  <Sc  took  the  Virgiiuan 
Ilegt  to  guard  hm. 
Sunday  18th.— This  day  I  mounted  guard. 
Monday  lOth.  -  This  day  pleasant  and  not  very  wariu.     ; 
Tuesday  UOth.  —Pleasant  but  somewhat  warm. 


328 


MoDOWKLL'S  JOURNAL. 


Wednesday  21st. — This  day  I  got.  a  Regiiriental  coat  cut  out. 
A  flne  shower. 

Thursday  32d.— This  day  I  took  a  vomit  to  prevent  sickness, 
as  it  is  a  sickly  time. 

Friday  23d.  -  I  mounted  guard.  This  afternoon  Capt'n  Bird 
of  the  Maryhmd  Line  was  buried  with  tlie  lionors  of  war. 

Saturday  24tli.  —  Dutton  of  i^apt'n  Davis's  company  died. — A 
warm  day. —Capt'n  lJou«le  and  I  went  &  drank  pundv  witli 
Col.  Posey. 

Sunday  S.lth.— This  day  I  dined  with  Gen'lOreene  by  invita- 
tion. This  day  Mrs.  Greene  went  to  Lewa  Island  for  her 
health.     Received  a  letter  from  Lt.  Crawford. 

Monday  30th. —  Warm  and  disagreeable. 

Tufesday  37th. — This  (hiy  I  wrote  a  letter  to  brother  John, 
for  Maryland. 

Wednesday  3Hth. — This  <lay  I  wrote  two  letters,  one  to  my 
Father,  the  other  to  Tit.  i-rawl'ord. 

Thursday  39th. — This  day  we  have  an  acc't  of  a  scrimish 
which  Col.  liawrenco.  had  with  some  of  the  enemy  at  (Jumber, 
wht^rein  Col.  Jiawrence  was  killed  &  (Capt'n  Smith  of  the  Ar- 
tillery wounded,  and  u  Howitzer  taken  from  them.  I  mounted 
guard  this  day. 

Fri«lay  J}()th.~We  are  under  some  little  apprehension  of  the 
enemy's  conung  from  Charles  Town  to  j)ay  us  a  visit  since  the 
arrival  of  the  fleet.  A  cool  line  day.  We  are  dayly  experienc- 
ing instances  of  niortality  amongst  us,  soldiers  dying  fast. 

Saturday  JJlst.  — Cool  antl  pleasant  for  the  season. 

Siimlay,  tst.  September.  —The  olTicers  drew  a  quart  and 
the  soldiers  a  gill  of  rum.  Two  dragoons  deserted  and  brought 
four  horses,  and  one  Hessian  with  his  arms,  who  says  the 
enemy  will  leave  Town  the  Ofteenth  of  the  month. 

Monday  3d.— Wot  and  cool,  twelve  deserters  came  out  to 
get  her  this  day. 

Tuesday  3d. --This  day  came  to  ns  a  Sergt.  which  informs  us 
all  the  heavy  cannon  is  aboard  an*l  tliat  they  are  only  waiting 
for  thtMr  Foraging  party  toeome  in. 

Wednesday  4th.     I  mounted  guard  this  day. 

Thursday  .Ttli.     This  day  I  dined  with  Major  Moore. 

i'riday  Oth.  -  Two  buryings  from  our  Hattalion  this  flay. 
Warm  days  &  cool  nights. 

Saturday  7th.— Two  men  dit^d  in  our  Battalion  this  dii,y. 
Two  cojumands  went  »)nt  this  morning,  oius  to  (feorgetown, 
the  other  niuler  command  of  lit.  Adams,  all  Saylors,  to  man 
a  How  Gaily  which  Cfen'l  (fist  took  at  Curabee,  with  two  six 
pounders,  beef  and  rice  on  board. 

Sunday  8th.  —  Deserters  comes  in  dayly.     Three  hundred  and 


FIRST  PENNSYLVAiMA  IlE<nMl!:NT. 


839 


seventy  sick  in  rxeruMvil  Hospital  out  of  tliis  siiuiU  army,  aii«i 
hotter  than  half  of  tlui  uw.n  Hirk  in  (lanip.  Wo  arn  Hcarrely 
able  to  I'Hiieve  our  {juanlH. 

Monday  9th.— This  day  I  niountod  ^uard,  wn  {jot  Honiesiif^nr 
and  oolTy. 

Tuesday  10th. — Warm  and  showiy. 

Wedn»}sday  llth.— A  (iourt  MarHliaii  to  try  Capt.  Povvfll  of 
the  Maryland  Line. 

Thursday  12th. —Cool  and  wet.  I  had  to  reli<fve  Lt.  Hutlcr 
who  took  sick  on  jjuard. 

Friday  l3th.- Cf)ol.  Pour  deserters  came  in  this  day  with 
their  horses  and  aoutrinu-nts. 

Saturday  14th. —  Still  cool.  Three  deserters  cann*  in  this  day 
without  their  arms. 

Sunday  15th. —Six  deserters  this  day,  vV  one  woman  from  tlie 
enemy. 

Monday  Kith.— This  day  I  mounted  j^iiai'd. 

Tuesday  17th.— This  day  we  drew  (lioathintf  f<>«'  our  men. 

Wednesday  IHth. — This  tlay  warm. 

Thursday  19th.— This  day  two  iiumi  and  three  women  (and 
four  liorses)  with  tlieir  beddinj^  and  fiiinaturti  from  .John's 
Island. 

Friday  20th. — This  day  I  mounted  j^iiard.  The  odieersdrew 
a  quart  of  rum  and  the  soldiers  a  t^iW. 

Saturday  21st.  -  (Jen  1  (iretuie  exeeediufjly  siek.  Genl 
Wayne  fj^etting  better.     Warm. 

8uni?ay  22d.  — Warm.  No  news  amoiif^st  us  this  day.  I 
wrote  a  letter  to  Oapt'n  Mc^Clelian. 

Monday  3;)d.  —Warm  ;  sickly. 

Tuesday  2tth.— Warm;  this  day  I  din'd  with  tli«^  Adjt.  CmmiI. 
Doct.  MoDowtOl  took  sick. 

Wetlnesday  2."»th.  -  I  wrolcf  a  letter  to  I'nclc  Jas.  Maxwell. 

Thursday  20th.  -This  day  1  mounted  >,niartl.  This  <lny  died 
the  Kmiable  l\Ir.s,  Izard,  the  must  hos])itable,  the  most  ^feiier- 
ous,  this  country  could  aiTord. 

Friday  27th.  -This  day  a  destMMer  ciiine  in  wit  h  iiis  liorse  and 
a(Mitrimenls.      Majr.  ISIoon^  boii^^ht  them  for  (ifteen  ^uiui'as 

Satur«lay  28th.  This  morniufj^  came  in  seven  deserters  wiiii 
their  horses  <fc  acnt rinients.  They  say  that  the  Loynlists  have 
iuibarked,  &  all  the  valiial)le  horses,  iV  the  olHtHU-s'  hnf^f-rii^je. 
(■apt  Zei^jler  went  on  command  at  t  wo  o'clock.  -A  Major's 
comuumd  went  out  at  ten  o'clock  al    ni^lit. 

Sun«lay  29th.  Two  deserters  cann'  in  this  day  &  inforuied  us 
that  (ien'l  Lessly  had  jj^ave  j^arrison  onhu-s  for  the  Loyalists  t«» 
tfo  on  board  for  St  Au>?uste(*n.     This  morning;  I  took  the  fever. 

Monday  UOIh.     This  <lay  I  took  a,  vomit  and  was  very  sick. 

Tuesday  1st  ()ctol>er.  -  1  ha.d  the  f<'ver  all  this  day. 


ii 


m 


i     J, 


330 


McDOWKLL'S  JOURNAL. 


Wednesflay  2(1.  —I  took  tht^  Bark  all  this  day. 

Tliur.sday  yd.     I  had  the  fever  this  day,  &  very  sick  all  night. 

Fritlay  4th.  —  1  again  take  the  Bark.  This  day  Lt.  Story  of 
the  4th  Regt  of  Artillery  died. 

Saturday  Ttth.— Sergt.  Welch  of  our  company  died,  &  lit. 
Story  and  him  were  both  buried  this  afternoon.  This  day  the 
ofTicers  drew  a  quart  and  the  soldiers  a  gill  of  rum. 

Sunday  Gth.  —This  day  I  got  some  better ;  still  continue  at 
the  Bark.  — (xen'l  Wayne  relapses  again. 

Monday  7th. —This  day  f)  deserters  came  to  us.  A  wet  cool 
day.     I  still  continued  to  get  better. 

Tuesday  8th.— A  Avet  day  and  disagreeable.  The  officers 
drew  a  quart  &  the  soldiers  a  gill  of  rum  this  day. 

Wednesday  0th. — Cool  and  agreeable. 

Thursday  10th.— This  morning  a  small  frost.  I  received  a 
letter  from  brother  .John,  dated  20th  May  1782. 

Friday  llth.— I  rode  out  to  see  Lt.  Butler  who  was  sick  in 
the  country. 

Saturday  12th. — A  remarkable  circumstance  for  this  part  of 
the  country,  -no  news. 

Sunday  i;}th.---Two  deserters  this  day,  which  say  the  refu- 
gees are  all  on  board,  and  fell  down  to  the  five  fathom  hole; 
they  are  bound  for  St.  Augusteen. 

Monday  !4th.— The  officers  drew  a  quart  &  the  soldiers  a  gill 
of  rum.— I  received  a  letter  froMi  brother  Andrew,  dated  Gar- 
lisle  July  21,  1782.  > 

Tuesday  IHth.— Cool  and  pleasant.  This  day  came  to  camp 
400  of  the  North  Carolina  troops  enlisted,  for  18  months,  & 
brought  with  them  loO  British  i)risoners  for  exchange. —I  re- 
ceived a  letter  from  brother  Andrew  dated  Carlisle  0  Septr. 

Wednesday  10th.— Cool,  pleasant  weather,  with  frost.         . 

Thursday  17th. —I  wrote  a  letter  to  brother  Andrew. 

Friday  18th.  -A  very  severe  frost. 

Saturday  lOtli.— Two  deserters  came  in  this  morning.  V^ery 
cold;  a  severe  white  frost.  I  had  a  spell  of  the  ague  &  fever. 
Two  Hessian  deserters  &  a  wonuin  came  to  us  this  afternoon. 

Sunday  20th.  —I  mounted  guard  &  inifortunately  took  very 
sick,  &  was  obliged  to  send  to  camp  for  relief.  Mrs.  Middleton 
hear'g  of  my  illness  open'd  her  heart  and  sent  me  half  a  glass 
of  wine  and  a  litte  soup.  1  sent  it  back  to  her  with  my  com- 
pliments that  I  could  not  take  it.  I  received  a  letter  from  J  A. 
John  HoUiday.      1  was  relieved  at  sunset  and  <uime  home.  i 

Monday  21st— 1  took  a  vtunit :  after  this  1  was  something 
better.  This  is  the  tenth  day  Avithout  rice;  sweet  jKitatoes  & 
V)eans  in  i)lace  of  it. 

Total  number  of  mih^s  in  No  1  Si  No  3,  2071  miles  carried  to 
Noil. 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  RR(iIMENT. 


331 


ii 


(> 


No  '.i.  .     .  ,       . 

No.  of  miles  brought  from  No  1.  (t  \o.  3,  2071.  I        <    . 

l!»th  of  October  we  Imilt  a  <!hiiiiii;  y  lo  our  tent. 

Tuesday,  32(1  October,  1782. —This  day  1  had  a  violent  fever 
and  pain  in  my  head  &  bones. 

Wednesday  2;3d.  —  I  take  l-Jark  while  the  fever  is  ofF. 

Tiuirsday  34th.  —  Tour  deserters  came  in  this  day.  I  had  no 
fever  this  day,  but  weak. 

Friday  2rith.  — Four  Hessian  deserters  this  morning.  No  fever 
A  very  warm  day.     Not  one  single  mouthfull  of  meat  in  camp. 

Saturday  2Gth.-- A  little  beef  this  day. —Very  warm. —Two 
deserters,  which  say  the  Halifax  Fleet  has  arrived. 

Sunday  27th. — A  Corporal  and  six  deserters  with  their  horses 
&  acutriments  cauie  in  this  morning,  one  of  them  deserted 
from  our  line  in  May  last. —Cloudy  morning,  and  threatens 
rain,  which  is  much  wanted  at  this  time.  Not  a  single  mouth- 
ful of  l)eef  in  camp  this  day. 

Monday  38th. —Fine  cof)l  morning.  The  ollicers  got  a  little 
beef,  but  the  sohliers  not  a  mouthful  ;  — poor  times  indeed. 

Tuesday  39th.— Cool  &;  cloudy.— No  beef  this  day.— Gen'l 
(ireene  ordered  an  olTicer  and  sixteen  men  from  each  Brigade 
to  impress  provisions  where  they  could  (ind  it. 

Wednesday  30th.  —No  beef  yet,  nor  any  expectation  of  it. 
This  day  another  incorporation  of  Regiiuents  is  on  foot.  1 
have  some  expectation  of  being  one  of  the  Retiring  ofTicers, 
which  pleases  me  very  well. 

Tiiursday   31st. —Heef   came   into    cam])   this  afternoon   at  5 
o'ci«)ck.      A  wet  night. 

Friday,  1st  November,  1783. — This  day  I  got  a  horse  saddle 
from  Doct'r  McDowell  to  carry  me  home. 

Saturday  3(1. — This  day  I  collected  thenumb(M'of  deaths  from 
our  Line  since  the  first  of  July  untill  this  day,  which  amounts 
to  106  soldiers.  This  day  all  the  otlicers  of  our  Hrigade  got  a 
j)airof  boots,  each  pair  six  dollai's.  The  orders  about  the  In- 
corporation came  out. 

Siuiday  3d.  -  This  day  the  Field  Ollicers  were  busy  about  set- 
tling the  arrangement. 

Monday  4th. — This  day  the  ofUcers  and  non-commissioned 
ollicers  weni  fixed  to  compauys.  A  command  of  ours  killed 
three  negroes  and  took  two  prisoners. 

Tuesday  Hth.  — This  day  wet. —The  officers  drew  a  qiiart  of 
rum  &  the  soldiers  a  gill,  (ien'l  Greene  still  obstinate  aliout 
letting  us  Retiring  officers  go  home  before  the  18  months  men. 

Wednesday  Gth.  This  day  ev(n'ything  in  confusion  untill  the 
nuMi  were  llxt  to  companys.  in- 


W-^ 

im  * 

•f--  '^^^..■i 


ir 


0< 


:^32 


MCDOWELL'S  JOURNAL. 


Tlnirsday  7th.  -  This  (lay  the  coiiipanyH  were  formed  except 
the  Light  Infantry.  —  formed  this  afternoon.  I  din'd  at  the 
Hospital  on  wild  turkey. 

Friday  8th. —This  day  Gen'l  Greene  has  granted  us  a  waggon 
to  carry  our  baggage  &  forage  for  our  horses  untill  we  leave 
camp  and  promis'd  to  do  everything  in  his  power  to  make  us 
comfortable. 

Saturday  9th. —This  day  we  got  a  waggon  to  carry  our  bag- 
gage. 

Sunday  10th. — This  day  we  settled  our  accts.  with  tlie  (Jloth- 
ier,  and  the  trifling  articles  which  I  received  amounted  to  £7  — 
15-3  sterling. 

Monday  11th,  -Tliis  day  each  Retiring  ollicer  waited  on  Gen'l 
Greene  and  received  three  Half  Joes. 

Tuesday  12th. — This  day  we  left  camp,  crossed  Bacon  Hridge 
and  lay  at  Capt'n  Stevenson's. — A  violent  fever  this  after- 
noon.    20  miles. 

Wednesday  13th. — I  was  very  bad  with  the  fever  all  this  day. 
We  went  to  Martin's  Tavern.     18  miles. 

Tliursday  l4th.  -  Tolerable  well  this  morning;  lifilted  at  the 
Eutaw  Spring,  a  remarkable  phice  in  this  part  of  the  country. 
Two  capital  actions  have  been  fought  here—  the  last  was  Gen'l 
Greene  and  drove  the  British.  We  went  to  Lawrence's  Ferry. 
37  miles. 

Fritlay  l.'ith. — Crossed  the  Ferry  ;  here  we  met  with  m  misfor- 
tune, broke  the  /tongue  of  our  waggon  ;  went  from  that  to 
Dority  Ritchison's,  a cross  woman.     15  miles. 

Saturday  10th. — Went  to  Capt'n  Shingleton's  on  the  High 
hills  of  Santee.     14  miles. 

Sunday  17th.— W^ent  to  Wheeler's  Tavern.     10  miles. 

Monday  18th. — A  wet  day;  went  to  Camden.     10  miles. 

Tuesday  lUtli.  —Went  to  Col.'Rugely's.     13  miles. 

Wednesday  20th.— Went  through  wild  wilderness,  and  came 
to  Danl.  Usher's.     30  miles. 

Thursday  21st. —  Went  to  Mr.  Steward's.     25  miles. 

Friday  22d.— Went  to  Capt.    Fifer's.  22  mlies. 

Saturday  23d.— Went  from  Filer's  to  Saisl)ury.    20  miles. 

Sunday  24th.  — Remained  in  Salsbury  this  day  to  refresh. 

Monday  25th. —  Went  freuu  Salsbury,  crossed  the  Yadkin 
River  went  to  Leathennan's.     25  miles. 

Tuesday  20th. —Fi-om  Leathernmn's  to  Salem,  a  Moravian 
Town  in  North  Oarolina.     12  miles. 

Wednesday  27tli.  — From  Salem  to  Carmichal's  ford.  24miles. 

Thursday  28th.— Crossed  the  Dan  River  ;  came  to  Mr.  Tiem- 
mon's.     22  miles. 

Friday  20th.  — Crossed   Mattrimony  Creeiv   &  Smith's  River, 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


33.*{ 


111 

an 

es. 
111- 

er, 


CaHkjule  Creek  &  San'ly  River.     Now  in  Virffinia,  PitHJlvania 
'^^oiiiity,  and  remained  at  Mr.  A8litonV.     24  miles. 

Saturday  HOth.  -  From  Mr.  Ashton's  to  Mr.  Corbin's.  21 
mile.s. 

Sunday,  Deer.  1st,  1782.— From  (,V)rl)in'H  to  PatonsburKh. 
Her;'  I  had  to  take  a  vomit  whicli  ahno.st  killed  me.     8  mile.s. 

Monday  2d.  — Remained  liere  this  day,  and  was  very  sick  and 
weak. 

Tuesday  i}d. — Now  in  Hallifax  ('onnty  ;  went  to  Bannisters 
l^ridf^e.     9  mile.s. 

Wednesday  4th.  — Went  from  Bannister's  Bridce,  and  forded 
the  Stanton  River  at  Cole's  or  Farqes'  Ferry.     1h  miles. 

Thiir.sday  .'jth.  ('harlott  County,  from  Cole's  Ferry  to  Little 
Roenoak  Bridge,  a  small  creek.     22  miles. 

Friday  (5th. — Prinee  Edward  County,  from  Roenoak  to 
Rigli'ts  Ordnary.     25  miles. 

Saturday  7th. — Cumberland  County,  from  Right's  to  Mr. 
Genti'ie's.     20  miles. 

Sunday  8th.— Poutann  County.  From  Mr.  Gentrie's  to 
Cumberland  Cld  Court  PIou.se.     8  miles. 

Monday  <Jth. — Went  from  the  Court  House  to  Col.  James', 
where  we  were  well  treated.     8  miles. 

Tuesday  10th.— Crossed  the  .James'  River  at  Carter's  Ferry, 
now  in  Louesa  County.    Went  to  Hunters  Ordiuiry.      18  miles. 

Wedni^slay  nth.— A  wet  day.  Went  to  C.\)l.  Boydells  Ord- 
nary.     22  miles. 

Thursday  12th.— Orange  County.  Went  to  James  Taylor's, 
where  the  doors  were  shut  against  us.  C'ai)t'n  Davis  forced 
them  open,  &  a  pretty  piece  of  work  ensued.  Went  to  his  bro- 
thers, and  was  well  trea,ted.     18  miles. 

Friday  HUh.  —Crossed  the  Uapidan  River,&  came  to  the  place 
called  tlie  Dutch  Cooper's.     20  miles. 

Saturday  14th. — Fauqiere  County.  Went  from  tlie  Dutch 
Coojjer's;  crossed  the  Ra])pahannock  at  Norman's  Ford  ;  went 
to  Morgan's  Ordnary.     1(1  miles. 

Sunday  I'tth.— From  INIorgan's  Ordnary  to  the  Red  House. 
24  miles. 

Monday  10th.— Prince  William  County.  A  very  snowy  day. 
Went  to  Moore's  Ordnary.     12  miles. 

Tuesday  17th.  —From  Moore's  to  lieeshurgh,  wViere  I  re- 
mained with  Mr.  Beard  all  night.     12  miles. 

Weduesilav  IStli.— Loudon  County.  Went  from  Leesburgh 
to  Novvlin's  Ferry,  on  the  Potoeinack  River.  Here  we  )iad  to 
cut  the  ice  half  across  the  river  and  ford  it.  Now  in  Mary- 
land.    10  miles. 

Thursday    I9th.— Frederick    County.     Went    to    Fredurick 


3  i 


11 


iri 


si-        1-    :ii 


334 


McDowells  journal. 


Town.  Here  I  took  very  Hick.  I  took  out  rny  baf?gnf;e  aii<I 
reiuaiiiod  this  (Jay.     10  miles. 

Friday  SOtli.  — Prom  Frederick  Town  to  HaKor^tcwn.  '.i(» 
miles. 

Saturday  2l8t.  — From  Hagerstown  home.     23  miies. 

The  numi)er  of  miles  which  1  have  traveld  since  the  20th  of 
May  1781  is  27.").")  miles. 


Orokrs,  Light  Infanthv,  Jtily  l4Tn,  1779. 

Tiie  troops  will  march  to-morrow  at  twelve  o'clock,  and 
move  by  the  right,  making  a  short  halt  at  the  Creek  or  run 
next,  on  this  side  (Element's— Every  olTicer  and  non-commis- 
sioned olTicer  will  remain  with,  and  be  accountable  for  every 
man  in  their  Platoons. —No  soldier  to  l)e  permitted  to  quit  tlie 
raidvs  on  any  pretence  Avhatever,  until  a  general  halt  is  niade  ; 
and  then,  to  bo  attended  by  one  of  the  oHicers  of  the  l*latoon. 

When  the  van  of  the  ti'oops  in  the  rear  of  Hill,  Lt.  (^ol. 
Febiger  will  form  his  regiment  into  a  solid  column,  of  a  half 
Platoon  in  front  as  fast  as  they  come  uj).  Col.  Meggs  will  form 
next  in  Col.  Febiger' s  rear,  and  Major  Hull  in  rear  of  Meggs, 
who  will  form  the  right  column. 

Col.  Butler  will  form  a  cobimn  on  the  left  of  Febigers,  and 
Major  Murphy  in  his  rear,  every  ofllcer  and  soldier  is  then  to 
fix  a  piece  of  white  pa,per  in  the  most  conspicuous  part  of  his 
hat,  or  cap,  to  dist  inguish  him  from  the  enemy. 

At  the  word  nu'irch,  Lieut.  Col.  Fleury  will  take  charge  of 
one  hundred  and  fifty  tletermined  and  jiicked  men,  j)roperly 
officered,  with  their  arms  unloadetl,  and  i)lacing  their  whole 
dej)endence  on  the  bayonet,  will  move  about  twenty  i)aces  in 
the  front,  of  the  right  column  by  the  ntut  No.  1,  and  enter  the 
sally  port  No.  six  ;  he  is  to  detach  an  officer  and  twenty  men  a. 
little  in  front,  whose  business  it  will  be  to  secure  the  sentries 
and  remove  the  al)atis  and  other  obstructions  ff)r  the  column 
to  pass  through.  The  column  will  follow  close  in  the  rear  with 
shouldered  nuiskets,  under  Col.  Febiger,  with  (ienl.  Wayne  in 
person. 

When  the  works  are  forced,  and  not  before,  the  victorif)Us 
troops,  will  give  the  watchword,  "The  l^'ort's  our  own,"  with 
repeated  and  loud  voice,  and  drive  the  enemy  from  their  works 
and  guns,  which  will  favor  the  i)ass  of  the  whole. 

Should  the  enemy  refuse  to  surrender  or  attempt  to  make 
their  escape  by  water  or  otherwise,  vigorous  means  must  be 
used  to  force  them  to  the  former,  and  to  prevent  their  attemi)t- 
ing  the  latter. 

Col.  Butler  will  move  by  the  rout  No.  2.  preceded  l)y  one 
hundred  men  with  unloaded  arms,  and   fixeil  bayonets,  under 


^1  ili 


FIRST  PKNNSYIiVANIA  IlKiHMKNT. 


8;w 


th(v(^iiiin-aii(i  of  Mnjor  Stfwiirl,  who  will  obHtTvo  a  <liKtauc«* 
of  twenty  yanls  in  front  of  tlw  coliiniii,  wiiioh  will  iiiinic<liiit<>ly 
follow  iiiuler  the  (MiinniaiKl  of(!ol.  Hutler  wit  h  shoiildtM-pd  niiis- 
kt'tsiind  tMitrr  tlu^  sally  port,  cov'd.— Tim  (AMcat  «-.oiiiniaiidiii(^ 
thnabove  named  one  hundred  men,  will  also  detaeh  a  jiroptT 
oniciT  and  t  wenty  men  a  lift  le  in  front  to  remove  the  olistnic- 
tions,  as  soon  as  they  gain  the  works.  They  are  alsf)  to  fjivc 
the  wat<di\vord  which  will  pnnent  confusion  and  misiaUes. 

Rfajor  Murphy  will  follow  (!ol.  liutler  to  the  lirsL  fij^ure  ;', 
where  lie  will  divide  a  little  to  the  right,  and  left,  jind  wait 
the  attack  «»n  the  right,  which  will  he  his  signal  to  begin,  and 
keep  up  a  perpetual  and  galling  (ire  and  endeavour  to  enter 
between,  and  jjossess  the  works, A,  A. 

If  any  soldier  presunjes  to  lake  his  musket  from  his shoukh'r, 
or  attempt  to  fire  or  begin  the  battle  till  ordered  Oy  his  jiroper 
ollicers  he  shall  be  instantly  put  to  deatu  by  the  ofTicer  next 
him  -For  the  cowardice  and  mis-conduct  of  one  man  is  not  to 
put  the  whole  in  danger  or  disorder  with  impunity. 

After  the  trooi)S  l>egin  tondvance  to  tiie  works,  the  strictest 
silence  nnist  be  observ(Ml,  and  the  greatest  attention  i)aid  to 
the  commands  of  the  oHicers.  As  soon  as  the  lines  are  carried, 
the  oiTicers  of  the  art  illery  with  their  commands  will  take  pos- 
session of  the  cainion,  and  to  the  (Mid  that  the  shipping  mny 
be  secured  and  the  post  at  V'"eri)lauck's  I'oint  atinoyed,  so  as 
to  facilitate  the  attack  on  that  quarter. 

The  (feneral  has  the  fullest  confidence  in  the  l)ravery  and 
fortittide  of  th(^  (,V)ri)S  he  has  the  hapi»iiu;ss  to  conntiand. 

The  distinguislied  honour  conferred  on  every  olTicer  and  sol- 
dier who  have  been  drafted  into  this  cor))S  by  His  Fxcellency 
General  Washington,  the  credit  of  the  Ktate  they  belong  to, 
their  own  reputation,  will  be  siicii  powerful  motives  for  each 
man  to  distinguish  liimself,  thiit  the  (feneral  has  not  tlie  least 
doubt  of  a  glorious  victory,  luid  further  he  soltMunly  engages 
to  reward  the  first  ma.n  who  enters  x]w.  works  with  ."iOO  dollars 
ami  immediate  {promotion,  to  the  second  40(t  dollars,  to  the 
third  300  dollars,  to  the  fourth  200  dollars,  and  to  the  fifth  vm 
dollars,  and  re))resent  the  conduct  of  every  cAVnwr  and  soldier 
who  distinguishes  himst»lf  on  this  occasion  in  the  inost  favour- 
able point  of  view  to  his  KiVcellency  who  always  receives  the 
greatest  pleasure  in  renvarding  merit. 

Hub  should  there  be  any  soldier  so  lost  to  every  sense  of  hon- 
our as  to  attempt  to  retreat  one  single  foot,  or  shrink  from  the 
face  of  danger,  the  officer  next  him  is  to  put  him  to  immediate 
death  that  he  may  no  longer  disgrace  the  name  of  a  soldier,  or 
the  cor))s  or  State  to  which  he  belongs. 

As  General  Wayne  is  deteruuned  to  share  the  danger  of  the 


^1 


U^^-^'^r,  I 


IT 


It 


am 


McnOWP^LL'S  JOURNAL. 


night,  HO  he  wishes  to  pnvticipate  in  the  glory  of  the  day,  in 
common  with  his  fellow  soldier.s. 

;       ANT'Y   WAYNE,  B.  (i. 


Names   of   the  Officers   taken   the   16th  day  of  July  in  the 
morning  at  Stony  Poiiit. 


No. 


Names. 


Rank. 


Regts. 


1. 

;}. 
4. 

(). 

8. 

10. 
11. 
13. 
13. 
14. 

ir). 

10. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

30. 

31. 

33. 

23. 

34. 

35. 

30. 
o. 


Henry  .Jolmston, 
John  J3ar))y, 

Robison,  America, 

Robert  Clayton, 
Wm.  Tillin,  R.  Artillery, 
\Vm.  Armstrong, 
Isaac  Gary, 
Wm.  T.   Williams, 
Wm.  Simj)son, 
Wm.  J  no.  AFawliood, 
Jno.  Waymor, 
R.  Duncanon, 
Wm.  Naire, 
John  Jno.  Ross, 
John  (rrant, 
Wm.  H.  Homdon, 
AVm.  Marshall, 
Fredk.  P.  Robison, 
Henry  Hamilton, 
AVm.  Huggiford, 
Richard  Hteward. 
Ricliar.l  Anclimutry, 
Is'iac  Kaston, 

Patk.  ('omniings,  wounded, 
Andw.  Mc<,Main, 
Jolm  Iforn, 
Officers  killed. 
The  wounded  and  surgeons  sen 


Lt.  Col. 

17th. 

Captn. 

17tli. 

Lt. 

17th. 

(Japtn. 

17th. 

Captn. 



Lieut. 

17tli. 

Do. 

17th. 

Do. 

17tlj. 

Do. 

17tli. 

Do. 

17tli. 

Do. 

Do. 

17th. 

Do. 

17th. 

Do. 

17th. 

Do. 

17th. 

R.  Artillery. 

Lieut. 

o;}(i. 

Ensign, 

17th. 

Lieut. 

17th. 

Lt.  L.  Amer'n. 

Lieut.   ])o. 

Berg't. 

17th. 

Conductor. 

ed,  Lieut. 

17th. 

Do. 

17th. 

8ergt. 

17tli. 

t  to  New  York. 


July  10th.,  177». 
Head  Quarters,  Stony  Pcint. 

(1-eneral  Wayne  returns  his  warmest  thanks  to  the  oflicers 
and  soldiers  fur  their  coolness  and  intrepidity  in  the  storm  on 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  RfiGIMHNT. 


88f 


the  eveninf?  of  the  15th.  instant.  Th»^  perfect  execution  of  or- 
deis  unci  tlie  snpn-ior  imnciujility  attributed  on  the  occasion, 
ryilects  tlie  higliesr  honor  on  tlie  troop.s  engageil. 

Tile  spard  arms,  accoutrenientu,  tents  and  niihtary  stores, 
are  iniinediateiy  to  he  collected  and  deposited  in  a  convenient 
place,  in  charge  of  a  proi)er  guard. 

The  couiniiinding  oUicer  of  Artillery  will  attend  to  the  exe- 
cution of  tiie  orders  so  far  as  they  res|)ect  military  stores.  I'jU- 
sign  Billiard  of  Major  ilulTs  detachment  to  collect  and  secure 
tlie  tents,  «Stc.,  &c. 

At  everung  gun  firing,  the  troops  are  to  parade  and  lines 
nian'd. 

Tilt!  comnuinding  offitiers  of  regiments  will  point  out  the  dis- 
poi«tion,  300  raidv  and  Jile  i)roi)eriy  ollicered  to  compose  the 
necessary  guards  for  tlu^  night. 

A  detail  will  t)e  delivered  by  Major  McCormick  who  will  at- 
tend the  field  ollicer  of  the  day  in  forming  the  arrangement. 


July  1   ill.,  liTO. 
Head  fjnarters  New  Windsor,  or  West  Point. 

The  (Commander  in  Chief,  is  happy  to  congratulate  the  ai'iiiy 
on  tilt*  success  of  our  arms  under  the  command  of  Brigadier 
General  Wayne,  who  last  night  with  Corps  of  Light  infantry 
stormed  and  took  the  enemy's  post  at  Stony  I'oint  with  thf 
whole  garrison,  cannon  ami  .stores,  with  very  inconsiderahl" 
loss  on  our  side. 

The  General  has  not  yet  received  the  particulars  of  the  aflair 
but  he  has  the  satisfaction  to  learn  that  the  ollicers  and  sol- 
diers in  general  gloriously  dist  inguished  themselves  in  the  at- 
tack. He  requests  the  Brigadier,  and  his  whole  Corps,  to  ac- 
cept hiH  warmest  thanks  for  the  good  condiu't  and  bingular 
bravery  manifested  on  the  occasion. 


July  irth. ,  1779. 
Head  (Quarters,  Light  Infantry,  Stony  Point. 

The  General  desires  the  ollicers  immediately  to  use  all  jios- 
sible  means  to  get  the  men  shaved,  and  made  clean  as  circum- 
stances will  admit  and  hold  themselves  la  readinuHB  to  parade 
in  a  moments  warning. 

The  plunder  of  the  fort,  (except  the  Ordnance,  Military  Stor(>H, 
EntreiKdiing  Tools,  Tents,  ai>.d  Mar<piees,  whi(d»  will  be  paid 
for  by  the  piiblick)  to  be  (U)lleoted  together  on  the  Flag  Bas- 
tion at  threo  oClock,  and  there  exposed  to  sale,  for  ready 
money,  or  'o  be  paid  in  ten  days,  for.  the  lienffit  of  the  brave 
Holdiers  who  fought  for  it.  Knsign  Billiard  will  take  an  inven- 
i<»ry  of,  and  keep  a.n  a<M'ount  of,  the  whole. 

aa-VoL.  XV. 


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FIRST  PKNNHYLVANIA   RKGIMKNT. 


a8i» 


A  r^tiirn  of  Art  illory  uikI  oIIkm-s  taken  in  theasHaiili  of  Htony 
Point. 

2  Cannon,  24  poundors,  iron.      0  Royals,  brasH. 
:!  UraHM  12        do.  1  HraHH  ;J  pounder. 

2  Iron  13  do.  ]  Iron  lb      do. 

1  Tiin  Inch  Mortar,  Brass. 
1  8  Inch  Howitzer,   Hra.sH. 

A  iarg(*  (piantityof  ainmunition  niado  into  cartridjfcH,  100 
l)arrciH  of  powder,  arms,  tents,  onhiance  stores,  and  many 
other  couihuHt  il>l«'s,  all  for  the  ^^ood  of  tlie  hrave  Hojdifirs,  the 
whole  anionnting  to  on*)  hundred  and  oijiflity  live  tliouHan<l 
dollars. 


Htony  Point  evacuated  l>y  the  enemy  the  21sl,  of  (Je>toher, 
177U. 

Head  (Quarters  Mof)re's  House, 

August,  2Tth.,  177!». 

The  flommander  in  Chief  has  the  pleasure  to  announce  the 
following  iiest)lutions  which  the  Honoural)ie  the  (loagress  have 
heen  i)leased  to  pass  for  the  henellt  of  tin*  army. 

le  disposit  ion  manifested  in  these  Kcsrdves  is  a  frcfsh   proof 


Tl 


to  th(>  army  1  luit  t  heir  coind  ry  entertains  a,  high  sense  of  t  ht-ir 
merits  and  8ervic(\  and  aie  inclined  to  confer  an  honourahht 
ami  ad(M|uate  compeiisat  it>ii. 

The  (teneral  lla,t  ters  himself  the  respective  States  will  se.-ond 
Iht^  gentM'ous  views  of  ('ongress  and  Inke  every  proper  measure 
to  gratify  the  reasonahh*  expectations  of  such  otTlcerH  and  sol- 
diers a,s  a.r(^  dcdcruuned  fo  share  the  glory  of  ser\ing  their 
country  and  them.selves  through  the  war,  and  finishing  tin- 
task  they  have  so  nohly  began.  The  flourishing  aspect  of  af- 
fa,irs  in  iOuro]  i  &  in  the  West  Indies,  as  well  as  in  these  States, 
gives  us  every  reason  1o  lieli('ve  that  the  happy  period  will 
sju'cdily  arrive. 

Tin*  ('ongress,  August  lUlli.,  17Tt».  Resolved  that  the  Clolh- 
ler  (ien(U*al  estlnuite  the  value  of  the  several  art  icles  of  soldiers 
clothing  at  the  prices  they  were  rfspect  i  vely  worth  at  the  end 
ofthe  year '78,  and  i'oiihwilh  triiiismit  siu-h  fstimate  to  the 
I'aymasters  of  the  several  regimenls  (who  shall  bf  luniiHlicd 
out  of  the  ndlitary  «*heHt ;  with  moides  to  pay  the  soldiers  for 
all  deficiencies  of  clothing  a,t  the  es|  i  mated  prices  of  every  hjM  i- 
cleasalllxed  l>y  t  he  < 'lot  hier  (feneral,  who  shall  heiiceforwai'd 
transmit  the  estimates  before  the  cJMse  of  «'very  venr  during 
the  War,  sothat  tln^    soldiers  l>e  paid  b\'lhe   RegiiiiiMital  I'ay 


■0'i 


I' 


340 


McDOWKi.l/H  JOURNAL. 


Masters  accoi'diuf?  r<>  kikjIi  articles  aunually  and  previous  to 
their  discharge  (when  the  same  liappens  before  the  end  of  tlie 
year)  for  all  articles  allowed  them  by  the  Resolutions  of  Con- 
gress of  the  Cth  Sept.  77,  which  they  have  not  received  and 
wiiuih  are  or  shall  be  due  to  them  after  tue  year  last  men- 
tioned. 


11     hi 


In  Congress  Aug.  17th.  1770. 

Whereas  the  Army  of  tlie  United  States  of  America,  has  by 
their  patriotism,  valor  and  perseverance  hi  the  defence  of  the 
rights  and  liberties  of  their  Country  become  entitled  to  the 
gratitutle  as  well  as  approbatit)n  of  their  fellow-citizens — 

Resolved  :  That  it  be  and  is  hereby  recommended  to  the  sev- 
eral States  which  have  not  already  adopted  measures  for  that 
purpose  to  make  such  furtlier  i)rovision  for  the  officers  and 
soldiers  enlisted  for  the  war  to  them  respectively  belonging 
who  shall  continue  in  the  service  till  the  Estn,V)lishment  of 
Peace  as  shall  l)e  adequate  compensation  for  the  dangers, 
losses  and  liardshii)s  they  liave  sulTered  and  been  exposed  to  in 
the  course  of  the  present  contest  eitlier  by  granting  to  the  ofil- 
cors  half-pay  for  life  and  proper  rewards  for  their  soldiers  or  m 
such  or  other  manner  as  shall  appear  to  be  most  expedient  to 
the  Legislatures  of  the  several  States- 

Resolmd  :  That  it  be  and  is  hereby  recommended  to  the  sev- 
eral States  to  make  such  provision  for  the  widows  of  such  of 
their  olTicers  jind  suoh  of  their  soldiers  who  are  enlisted  for  the 
war,  or  liave  died  or  nuiy  die  in  the  service  as  shall  leave  to 
them  the  sweets  of  that  liberty  for  the  attaininei. t  of  which 
their  husbands  nobly  laid  down  their  lives —  , 

Resolved  Aug.  18,  1779. 

That  until  further  orders  of  Congress  the  officers  of  the  army 
be  entitled  to  receive  monthly  for  their  sul)sistance  money  the 
sums  following — eacli  Col.  and  Chaplain  500  dollars,  every 
Lieut,  ('ol.  400  dollars,  every  Major  800  dollars  and  Reg't.  Sur- 
geon. Kv^ery  Captain  200  dollars  and  every  Ijieut.  and  Ensign 
and  Surg's  Mate  100  dollars- 
Resolved  :  That  until  further  orders  of  (Congress  the  sum  of 
ten  dollars  be  i)aid  to  every  Non-Commissioned  officer  md  sol- 
dier monthly  for  their  subsistance  in  lieu  of  those  articles  of- 
feretl  originally  intended  for  them  and  not  furnished. 


SI 


MINUTES 


OF  TH£: 


COMMITTEE    OF  SAFETY 


OF 


BUCKS  COUNTY. 


t    ^'is 


1774-1776. 


i^-« 


-t 


I  f^ 


^^tHj 


HJ 

'1S3 


i 


if) 


A 


[The  original  MhmteR  of  the  Oommltteo  of  Safety  of  Bucks 
(Jouuty  havo  ouly  receutiy  buen  touiiU,  mud  are  iu  the  poKses- 
tiion  of  (ieu.  William  W.  H.  Ijavis  of  Doylestown,  for  a  copy 
of  which  we  are  indebted  to  the  Historical  Society  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. ] 


(342) 


MINUTES  or  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY  OF 
BUCKS  COUNTY,    1774-177G. 


At  a  meotin^  of  a,  nnniln'v  of  tho  inhiibitants  of  the  County 
<)f  Bucks,  lu'ld  lit  Newtown,  iit^rftniblc  io  notice  fiven  on  Siii- 
iirdiiy,  tlm  JHh  (lay  of  July,  1774, Gilbert  Hicks,  Esij.,  Chairman, 
and  William  Walton,  clerk. 

The  Oliairnian  having  taken  his  place,  in  a  short  address  to 
the  Conii)any,  e\i)]aine(l  the  nature  and  intention  of  the  ukhM- 
ing,  when  tht^y  proc^-eded  to  the  Business  thereof,  which  was 
carried  on  and  iinisheil  with  the  greatest  Decency  and  Har- 
mony. 

in  this  time  of  {)uhlic  distress,  when,  l)y  the  oj)eration  of 
divers  Acts  of  the  ]3ritish  Parliament,  the  Americans  are  sul)- 
jected  to  tile  universal  controul  of  a  Legislature  in  Avliidi  they 
are  not  represented,  the  inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Bucks, 
ar  a  meeting  lield  at  Newtown,  on  the  ninth  day  of  July,  a])- 
pointed  the  following  Cfentlemen  as  a  Committee  to  represent 
the  said  County  at  a  nuuding  of  the  several  Committees  of  the 
respective  Counties  of  I'ennsylvania,  to  1)o  lield  at  IMiiladel- 
phiathe  lotli  day  of  July  inst.,  viz.  :  John  Kidd,  Joseph  Kirk- 
bride,  Joseph  Hart,  James  Wallace,  Henry  Wynkoop,  Samuel 
Foulke,  and  John  Wilkinson,  after  Avhlcli  the  sense  of  the;  in- 
habitants of  the  said  County  was  recommended  to  them  as  g(Mi- 
<'ral  rules  for  their  Conduct  at  tlie  said  meeting  in  tlie  follow- 
ing resolves,  viz.  :  • 

"■Resolved^  That  tlu»  inhabitants  of  this  County  have  tlie  same 
opinion  of  tin*  dauLcerous  tendeney  of  the  Claims  of  t  he  l^rii  isli 
Turliament  Lo  nuike  laws,  binding  on  the  inhabitants  of  these 
Colf)nies  inall  Cases  whatsoever, without  their  ccjusent, as  other 
of  onr  fellow  American  subjects  have. 

"  Jlrsolrrd,  That  ii  is  the  Duty  of  every  American,  when  op- 
pressed by  measures  either  of  IMinistry,  I'arliameni,  or  any 
other  J*ower,  to  use  every  lawfid  endeavour  to  obtain  relief, 
and  to  form  and  promote  a  plan  of  I'ldon  between  tlie  parent 
country  and  colonies  in  w  hieh  t  he  ( Jluim  of  the  parent  count  ry 
iiuiy  be  a,scertained  and  the  Lilterties  of  the  Colonies  delined 
and  secured,  and  no  Cause  of  Contention  in  future  may  arise  to 
disturb  that    Harmony  so  necessary  for  the  intert?st  and  hap- 


mk 


MINUTES  OF  THE 


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■ 


I)iuess  of  botli,  and  that  this  wiil  l)e  best  done  in  a  general  Con- 
gress, to  be  composed  of  Delegates,  to  be  appointed  either  by 
the  respective  colonys  Assenibiys,  or  )jy  the  Members  thereof 
in  Convention." 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Committee  Novemlier27,  1774,  the  fol- 
lowing Notification  was  orilered  to  be  piiblislied  : 
**To  the  Freeholders  and  Electors  of  llie  County  of  Bucks  : 
"xVs  the  late  Continental  Congress  for  the  support  of  Ameri- 
can Liberty  have  formed  resolves,  and  entered  into  an  Associa- 
tion in  behalf  of  themselves  antl  their  respective  Colonies  they 
represented,  and  have  recommended  the  appointment  of  Com- 
mittees in  several  towns  and  Counties  at tentively  to  observe 
the  Conduct  of  all  persons  touching  the  same ;  the  Committee 
chosen  for  the  County  of  Bucks  in  Jvdy  apprehentliug  thtit  we 
have,  to  the  best  of  our  ability,  executed  the  trusts  then  re- 
posed in  us,  beg  leave  to  recommend  to  the  Freeholders  and 
inhabitants  of  this  County  who  are  qualified  to  vote  for  Mem- 
bers of  Assembly  to  meet  at  Newtown  the  15th  day  of  Decem- 
ber next,  to  choose  a  new  Committee  for  the  above-mentioned 
purposes.*' 

December  15,   1774. 

This  day,  pursuant  to  a  notice  for  that  purpose,  the  follow- 
ing gentlemen  were  chosen  as  a  Committee  of  Observation  for 
this  County,  viz:  Joseph  (ijilloway,  John  Kidd,  Christian  Min- 
nick,  .Tohn  Bessonet,  Joseph  Kirkbride,  Thomas  Harvey, 
Thomas  Jenks,  Henry  Kroesen,  Joseph  Hart,  James  Wallace, 
Richard  \Valker,  John  Wilkinson,  Joshua  Anderson,  John 
(Jhapman,  Jonathan  Ingham,  Joseph  Watson,  Benjamin  Fell, 
John  Kelly, David  Waggoner,  Abraham  Stout, Thomas  Foulke, 
John  Jamison,  Jacob  Strahan,  James  Chapnjan,  Henry  Wyn- 
koop,  Jacob  Beitleman,  Thomas  Darrach,  Robert  Patterson. 
David  Twining. 

Thursday,  the  29th  inst.,  is  appointed  for  the  meeting  of  this 
Committer  at  Newtown  at  10  o'clock  A.  M.,  to  enter  upon  their 
important  trust. 

Newtown,  December  29,  1774. 

"To  the  (Committee  of  the  County  of  Bucks  : 

"As  the  great  fall  of  Snow  hath  prevtuited  your  attendance 
here  this  day,  you  are  desired  to  meet  at  Newtown  on  Monihiy. 
the  lOth  day  of  January,  to  proceed  upon  the  business  foi*  whidi 
you  have  been  chosen." 

Ne/rtown,  Jannanj  It!.  1775. 
A   hirge    luiijority  of   the   ('ommittei'  chose   in  pursuance  of 


1^ 


COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 


;)4r) 


notice  for  that  purpose  given,  this  (hiy  assembled  in  saiti  town 
and  unaniiuoiisly  chose  Joseph  Hart,  Esq. ,  (Jliairuian  and  Joim 
Oliapnian,  Clerlv. 

Tlie  Coniniittee  then  tailing  iiito  consideration  tlie  nieasnres 
reconimendeil  by  the  Contiuental  (Jongress  for  tlie  redress  of 
American  Grievances,  entered  into  the  following  resolves: 

'■  I.  That  we  highly  approve  of  the  pacillc  measures  recom- 
mended l)y  the  Continental  Congress  for  the  redress  of  Ameri- 
can (jrievances,  and  do  liereby  render  onr  unfeigned  thanks 
to  the  worthy  gentlemen  who  compose  that  august  Assembly 
for  (he  faithful  dischart.e  of  the  trust  reposed  in  them. 

"2.  That  we  hold  ourselves  bound,  in  justice  to  ourselves, 
our  posterity,  our  King,  and  our  (Jountry,  strictly  to  observe 
and  keep  tlie  Association  of  said  C'ongress,  especially  as  it  is 
recommended  to  us  by  the  tinited  vt)ice  of  our  Representa- 
tives in  Assembly,  and,  us  a  Committee,  will  use  oui-  utmost 
endeavours  to  have  ir  carried  into  execution. 

"3.  That  we  hold  it  as  our  l)oundtMi  duty,  both  as  Christians 
and  as  (Jountrymeu,  to  contribute  towards  tln'  relief  and  sup- 
port of  the  poor  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Boston,  now  suffer- 
ing in  the  general  cause  of  all  the  Colonies;  and  avc  do  hereby 
recommend  the  raising  a  sum  of  money  for  that  purpose  to 
every  inhal)itant  or  taxable  in  ihi:^  (Jounty  as  soon  as  p(jssible." 

The  Committee  then  taking  into  consideration  a  late  resolve 
of  the  Gouimitteo  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia,  setting  forth  an 
absolute  Necessity  that  the  Committees  of  the  Counties  of  this 
province,  or  their  Deputies,  be  requested  to  meet  together  in 
Provincial  Convention  on  the  23d  day  of  January  inst. ,  cannot 
conceive  from  any  information  wc^  liave  had  the  necessity  of 
such  Provincial  Convention  or  that  any  good  effects  can  be 
produced  thereby  towards  carrying  into  execution  the  Associa- 
tion so  clearly  pointed  out  to  us  by  the  ('ontinental  Congress. 

Voted  that  Joseph  Hart,  John  Wilkinson,  Henry  Wynkoop, 
Josepli  Watson,  and  John  (Chapman,  or  any  three  of  them,  be 
a  Committee  of  (Correspondence ;  and  that  Henry  Wyid\oop 
be  Treasurer  to  receive  such  charitable  donation- as  may  be 
collected  in  pursuance  of  the  third  resol\(!  of  this  ( 'oiuiuit  lee. 

At  a  meeting  of  a  Committee  of  Corresixmdence  ilie  I'oilow- 
ing  adveriiseiiuMit  was  ordered  to  l)e  {(ubiisiied  : 

"  The  (>)mmittee  for  the  (!ounty  of  liucks. 

"The  alarming  situation  of  public  alfairs  rendering  it  nt'C- 
essary  tltat  something  should  be  done  towards  warding  off  the 
oppressive  measures  now  too  manifestly  <'arrying  iiit(»  execu- 
tion against  us,  you   are  therefore  recpu^sted  lo  meet   at  the 


a 


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I    i 


346 


MINUTfcJS  OP  THE 


houHe   of   Rioliard    Leedoin  on  Monday  the  8th  inst.  at  nine 
o'clock  iu  the  morning." 

At  (I  taeetinu  of  the  Committee  held  at  the  house  of  Richard 
Leedom,  May  8.  1775: 

''Resolved,  unanimously;  That  we  do  heartily  approve  of 
the  re.solv<*s  of  the  late  Provincial  Convention,  heUl  at  Phila_ 
<leiphia  the  S-kl  day  of  January  last,  anil  do  earnestly  recom- 
mend it  to  the  observation  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  county. 

"  Resoloed,  unanimously;  That  notwithstanding  the  disap- 
prol)ation  we  have  hitherto  shown  to  the  prosecution  of  any 
violent  measures  of  opposition,  arising  from  the  Hoi)es  and 
Kxpeetations,  that  the  Hunumity,  Justice  and  magnaninuty 
of  t!ie  Hritish  Nation  avouM  not  fail  of  afTording  us  relief,  be- 
in;?  now  t'onvinced,  that  all  our  most  ilutiful  applications  have 
hitherto  been  fruitless  and  vain,  and  that  attempts  are  now 
making  to  carry  the  oppressive  Acts  of  Parliament  into  execu- 
tion by  military  force;  We  do  therefore  earnestly  recommend 
to  the  people  of  this  County  to  form  themselves  into  Associa- 
tions, in  their  respective  Townships,  to  improve  themselves 
in  the  uiilitary  art,  that  they  may  be  rendered  capable  of  af- 
fording ilieir  Country  that  aid  which  its  particular  necessitys 
may  at  any  time  require." 

Joseph  Hart,  John  Kidd,  Henry  Wynkoop,  Joseph  Kirk- 
bride,  and  James  AVallace.  orfiuy  tlire<*  of  them,  are  appointed 
as  Delegates,  to  nw^et  in  iiroviiu'ial  Convention,  if  any  shall  be 
found  necessary. 

The  Committee  requests  all  persons  who  have  taken  subscrip- 
tions for  the  relief  of  the  poor  of  ]ioston,  as  soon  as  ]>ossible, 
to  collect  and  pay  the  same  into  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer, 
Henry  Wynkoop,  that  it  nmy  be  speedily  applyed  towards  the 
benevolent  purpose  for  which  it  was  intended  ;  and  at  the 
same  time  to  give  those  who  have  not  subscribed  an  opportu- 
nity to  contribute  also. 

At  a  meeting  June  ye  12,  1775. 

Present  :  Joseph  Hart,  .John  Kidd,  Richard  Walker,  Robert 
Patterson,  Hem-y  Kroesen,  James  Wallatre,  Jacol)  Bietleman, 
Henjamin  Fell,  Thomas  Darrach,  and  Henry  Wynkoop. 

The  Treasurer  informed  tlie  Committee  that  the  sum  of  £51 
15s.  and  Id.  had  been  i)aid  into  his  hands  for  the  relief  of  the 
poor  sufferers  of  the  town  of  Hostoii ;  whereupon  ordered  that 
Richanl  Walker  and  Henry  Wynkoop  dispose  thereof  in  such 
manner  as  they  shall  jtulge  most  likely  to  answer  the  Benevo- 
lent j)urpose  of  the  Donors. 

ITpon  motion,  .Joseph  Hart  is  appionted  to  i>ul)lisii  an  adver- 


aj 


COMMITTER  OF  SAFETY. 


h 


tissmenl,  notifyirifj  the  oflicersof  tlie  tliiTerent  associated  (Jouj- 
paiiies  to  meet  ut  the  house  of  John  Bogart  tlie  20th  day  of 
July,  to  clioose  their  Field  Officers,  and  siicli  other  purposes  as 
shall  then  he  found  necessary;  the  (/»»nmiittee  to  meet  at  the 
same  time  and  place. 

At  a  ineethKj  at  tlie  house  of  John  Jiof/arf,  Jilltj  21,  1775. 

Present  a  large  majority. 

Jacol)  Strahan,  formerly  chosen  a  member  of  this  Committee 
for  Haycock  township,  and  Abraham  Stout,  for  Kockhill,  hav- 
ing declined  acting.  Philip  Pearson  was  returned  in  the  room 
of  sd.  Strahan  and  Samuel  Smith  in  the  room  of  sd.  Stout, 
wlio  are  accepted  ns  legal  members. 

The  members  appointed  at  the  last  meeting  to  dispose  of  the 
money  collected  for  tiie  relief  of  the  poor  of  lioston,  reported, 
that  they  had  paid  the  same  into  the  hands  of  Samuel  Adams, 
one  of  the  Delegates  at  the  Continental  Congress  for  tlie  pro- 
vince of  IMassachusetts  Bay,  and  i)roduced  a  receipt  from  him 
for  £.-)l  i.-,s.  4d. 

Nicholas  Patterson  exhibited  a  c()mi)laint  against  Arthur 
Irwine,  setting  forth  that,  agreeable  to  a  former  recommenda- 
tion of  this  Committee,  the  iidiabitants  of  the  township  of 
Tiuiciim,  together  with  tlie  sd.  Arthur  Irwine,  had  associated 
and  proce(Hled  to  the  choice  of  their  otTlcers,  and  that  he,  the 
said  Nicholas  Patterson,  was  chosen  the  Hiiptain  of  tliesd.  com- 
pany by  a,  great  uuijority  ;  that  notwiihstaudingthesd.  Irwine 
had  prevailed  on  a  number  of  the  nuMi  associated  under  the  sd. 
Patterson,  to  choose  him  their  Captain,  and  that  he  continues 
to  muster  them,  to  the  disturbance  of  the  Company  of  the  sd. 
Patterson.  The  Committee  taking  the  same  in  ccmsidefiition, 
and  having  heard  the  defence  of  the  .said  Irwine,  are  of  opinion, 
that  Nicholas  Patterson  luith  been  regularly  chosen  captain 
of  the  associated  company  of  'i'inictim,  consecpiently  the  said 
Arthur  Irwine  cannot  be  considered  as  an  olTicerin  that  town- 
ship. 

A  petition  was  exhibited  from  Joseph  Mcllvain,  William  Mc- 
Ilvain,  Abraliam  Britton,  and  John  l^riestly.  ollicers  of  the 
associated  Com[)any  of  Bristol,  setting  forth,  that  attempts 
were  niaking  to  raise  a  second  company  iu  th;it  Townslup, 
whose  Articles  were  essentially  different  from  those  of  the 
other  associaled  companies. 

The  ('oiiuinttee  having  taken  the  said  I'etition  and  Articles 
of  association  into  consichM-ation,  are  of  opinion,  that  as  har- 
mony and  unanimity  are  essentially  necessary  in  prosecuting 
the  present  uuhap[)y  contest,  and  as  Field  Onic(*rs  are  now 
appointed   for    the    respective  Battalions,  no  .second  company 


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MINUTES  OF  THE 


ought  to  be  raised  in  any  Townsliip  without  leave  being  first 
obtained  from  tlieni  for  that  pu  riM)se.  ]^eujaniin  Hare  informed 
that  John  Hoff  liad  uttered  expressionH  derogatory  and  in- 
jurious to  tlie  general  American  Cause;  the  said  HoflF,  volun- 
tarily appearing  before  the  Committee,  acknowledged  the 
charge,  aii«l  made  such  coMcessious  as  were  considered  as  a 
sufDcient  attonement  for  his  former  errors. 

Benjamin  Hair  likewise  informed  tliat  Thomas  Meredith  had 
uttered  expressions  inimicable  to  the  Cause  and  Liibertys  of 
America  in  general  and  especially  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
town  of  Boston. 

John  Lacey  represented  that  Thomas  Smith,  Upper  Mak:^- 
(ield,  had  uttered  expressions  derogatory  to  the  continenuil 
Congress  an«l  inimicable  to  the  Liberties  of  America. 

The   same  being  taken   into  consideration  of,  Joseph  Hart 
Richard  Walker,  James  Wallace,  and  Henry  Wynkoop,  or  any 
three  of  them,  are  appoined  a  sul>-c.»Mimittee  to  examine  into 
the  said  complaints  and  report  to  the  next  meeting. 

Jo!in  Wilkinson,  Jonathan  Ingham,  Thomas  Foulke,  and 
John  Chapman,  being  of  the  people  called  Quakers  and  Hlledg- 
iiig  scruples  of  Conscience  relative  to  the  l)usiness  necessarily 
transacted  by  the  Connnittee,  desire  I  to  be  r«'lieved  from  any 
further  attendance,  whereupon  Henry  v^yikcMip  wasappointed 
f^lerk  of  the  Co-nmitteo  and  directeil  to  piii>lish  the  following 
advertisement : 

"  Whkrkah,  Several  persons  who  were  chosen  members  of 
this  Connnittee  in  Decemljer  last  liave  hitherto  negh'cted  to 
attend  the  same,  and  others  who  have  attended,  Imve,  from 
Scruples  of  (Conscience  made  a))plication  to  be  discharged,  the 
Committee  therefore  request  all  those  who  do  not  i)ropose  at- 
tending 'for  the  future  to  advertise  their  respective  townships 
with  Th«!ir  determination,  at  the  same  time  ap|iointing  some 
convenient  time  and  place  ff)r  the  iiduibitants  to  meet,  anti 
choose  otiier  suitable  persons  in  their  room,  who  are  desired 
to  nujet  the  (^Jommittee  on  Mon<lay,  the  'Jlst  of  August,  at  the 
house  of  John  Bogart  in  Buckin*fhani  Township." 


In  Vommittee  at  John  nnf/mf's,  A  tiff  nsf  ye  21,  i77rt. 

Pursuant  to  a  public  recommendation  of  tlie  last  meeting  tlu' 
following  persons  were  returned  and  accepted  as  legal  mem- 
bers of  this  ComndtteH,  vl/.  :  Benjamin  Scigle  for  the  township 
of  Uichland  in  the  room  of  Tlionins  Foulke  ;  James  INfcNair  for 
the  township  of  Upper  ISfakelleld  in  the  room  of  John  Chap- 
man ;  Joseph  Sackett  for  the  townshi|)of  Wrightstown  in  the 
rof»m  of  Jolni  Wilkinson  :  August  inc  Willet  for  the  township 
of  AfUitlletown  in  the  room  of  Thonuis  Jenks ;  .John  Coryel  for 


COMMITTEE  OP  SAFETY. 


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the  township  of  Solesbury  in  tlie  room  of  Jonathan  Ingluiin  ; 
William  Carver  for  the  townsliip  of  Hucltinglium  in  the  room 
of  Joseph  Watson.  Sundry  of  the  inliabitunts  of  the  lown- 
sliip  of  Newtown  olTering  to  contest  tlie  Election  held  tliere, 
it  was  recommended  to  them  and  agreed  by  botli  parties  to 
hold  a  new  election  of  whicli  the  Clcrli  is  directed  to  notify  the 
Electors  of  tliat  township  previous  to  the  next  me»»ting. 

Th«^  Treasurer  reported  that  he  had  receivetl  Donations  from 
sundry  townshii)s  for  the  sufferers  of  the  town  of  Boston, 
amounting  to  .4^75  8s.  4d. ,  and  that  he  had  paid  the  same  into 
the  iiands  of  John  Adams,  one  of  the  Committee  of  Boston, 
at  the  si«.'uc  time  producing  a  receipt  from  him  for  that  sum. 

The  suL  committee  appv>inted  r,o  examine  into  the  charges 
brought  against  Thomas  Meretlith  antl  Thonuis  Smith  rejmrted 
that  Thonuis  Mereditli  appeared  before  them,  that  the  accusa- 
tions against  him  were  supported  by  Benjamin  Hair.  John 
Hair,  and  John  Harry,  an«l  that  the  said  Thomas  Meredith 
thereupon  executed  the  following  Declaration  and  renuncia- 
tion, viz.  : 

"  Whkukas,  I  have  spoken  injuriously  of  the  distressed  peo- 
ple of  the  town  of  Boston,  and  disrespectfully  of  the  Measures 
prosecuting  for  the  redress  of  American  (iri«'vances ;  1  do 
hereby  declare,  that  I  am  heartily  sorry  for  what  I  have  done, 
voluntarily  renouncing  my  former  prin(Mi)les,  and  proniise  for 
the  future  to  render  my  ('onduct  inexcept  i()nul)lt^  to  my 
(Countrymen,  by  strictly  adhering  to  the  measures  of  the  Con- 
gress. TuoMAtj  Meukdith." 

That  Thomas  Smith,  upon  a  second  notice,  appeared  b.'fore 
them;  that  he  denied  the  greatest  part  of  what  wa.salledged 
against  liim  ;  that  tliMreupon  John  Jjacy  tlu^  complainant,  to- 
gether with  the  said  Thomas  Smith,  were  desired  to  appear  be- 
fore the  Committee  this  day,  an<l  tlmtn<>tice  had  likewise  l)een 
given  to  ,Ta.mes  McMasters  and  Josiah  Daws  to  appear  to  testify 
tludr  knowledge  of  wlial  the  said  Thomas  Smith  was  accused 
with.  That,  as  t  he  (Jommil  lee  (»f  Satiety  had  rt-quested  Ihc 
Committees  of  the  respective  Counties  of  this  Province  to  ni.ike 
return  to  them  of  all  OlTlcers  of  the  Military  Association  that 
they  might  be  Commissioned,  and  also  lists  of  the  Assodators 
and  Non-Associators,  within  tlipir  respective  Districts ;  they 
had  published  nw  advertisement  requesting  the  Colonels  of  the 
sevtM'al  Battalions  to  furnish  the  ( 'ommittee  at  this  m(>et ing 
with  liists  of  all  Otlicers  within  their  District,  and  that  the 
Captains  of  the  aHsociate<l  companys  were  likewisi*  requested 
to  return  exact  Lists  of  Associators  an<l  Non-Associators  In 
their  towiiuhips.     All  which  is  sul>niitted  to  the  Cotumittee. 


IL 


,'f  v., 

11 


iii-  ^ 


860 


MIJ^UTES  OF  THIi 


Voted  that  the  Declaration  of  Thomas  Meredith  in  considered 
as  satisfactory  and  ordered  to  be  ptiV)lish«d. 

The  OoMimittee  tlien  resumed  the  consideration  of  the  com- 
plaint made  af^ainst  Thomas  Bmith,  and  having  heard  the 
Testimony  of  Jolin  Lacy,  James  McMasters,  and  a  letter  from 
Josiah  Daws,  he  being  necessarily  absent,  and  likewise  the  de- 
fence of  said  Thomas  8mith.  Voted  that  the  charges  laid 
against  said  Thomas  Smith  have  been  fully  supported  by  Evi- 
dence, and  the  said  Thomas  Smith  refusing  to  make  any  satis- 
faction for  his  misconduct,  the  Chu'k  is  directed  to  publish  the 
following  state  of  his  case,  viz: 

"Proof  having  been  made  by  incontestable  evidence  that 
Thomas  Pmith,  of  Upper  Makefleld,  had  uttered  expression  t(» 
the  following  purport,  viz.  :  That  the  Measures  of  Congress 
had  already  enslaved  America  and  done  more  Damage  than 
all  the  Acts  the  Parliament  ever  intended  to  lay  upon  us,  that 
the  whole  was  nothing  but  a  scheme  of  a  parcel  of  hot-headed 
Presl)yterians  and  that  he  believed  the  Devil  was  at  the  Bot- 
tom of  the  whole;  that  the  taking  up  Arms  was  the  most 
scandalous  thin^  a  man  could  be  guilty  of,  and  more  heinous 
than  an  hundred  of  the  grosiiest  offenses  against  the  moral  law, 
&c. ,  Sic. ,  &c. 

"■Resoheil,  That  as  the  above  virulent  and  indecent  Invec- 
tives appear  manifestly  designed  to  cast  the  grossest  indignity 
upon  the  lionourable  the  Continental  Congress,  to  raise  in- 
vidiious  Distinctions  between  tlifferent  denominations  and  to 
impede  the  virtuous  struggles  of  our  distressed  Countrymen 
against  ^finislerial  Oppression,  the  said  Thomas  Smith  1m> 
considered  as  an  Knemy  to  the  Rights  of  Britisli  America,  and 
all  I 
hnU 
misconduct." 


that  all  persons  break  off  every  kind  of  dealing  wiUi  him  until 
he  sliiili  make  proper  satisfaction  to  thi8  Committee  for  his 


In  Committee  at  Newtown,  September  11,  1775. 

Present:  Joseph  Hart,  .Tames  McXair,  Joseph  Kirkbride, 
John  Coryel,  John  Kidd,  Samuel  Yardley,  Henry  Wynkoop, 
Augustine  Willett,  John  Bessonet,  Joseph  Sackett,  Christian 
Minnick,  Robert  Patterson,  James  (/hapuum,  Benjanun  Fell, 
Henry  Kroesen,  Jacob  Beitleman,  Richard  Walker. 

The  Clerk  informed  the  Committee  that,  agreeable  to  order, 
he  had  sent  the  case  of  Thomas  Smith  to  the  Press  for  publica- 
tion, but  that  sd.  Smith  expressing  remorse  and  penitence  and 
prondsing  to  appear  before  the  Committee  this  day  and  make 
satisfactory  acknowledgement  for  his  ndsconduct,  its  publica- 
tion had  been  jiostpoued, 

Thomas  Smitli  apiteacing  belore  tlu;  ('ommittee  voluntarily 


COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 


851 


M> 


|a- 
[a- 


>y 


executed   the    following  acknowledgement   and    declaration, 
viz.  : 

"As  I  have  been  charged  liefore  the  Cojiiuiittee  f(»r  having 
utter«d  expressions  derogatory  to  tlio  Continental  Congress, 
inviduoits  to  a  i)articnlar  Denomination  of  Christians,  and 
tending  to  impede  the  opposition  of  our  Countrymen  to  Min- 
isterial Oppression,!  do  hereby  declare  njyself  heartily  sorry 
for  my  imprudent  expressions  and  do  sincerely  jjroinise  for  t!ie 
future  to  coincide  with  every  measure  prosecuted  for  the  re- 
dress of  American 'rrievances  so  ftir  as  is  consistL-nl  with  the 
religious  principles  of  the  society  to  which  1  belong. 

Thomas  Smith.'" 

Voted  that  this  be  considered  as  a  sulHcient  satisfactioii  for 
his  misconduct,  and  ordered  that  the  Clerk  publish  it  »s  such. 

Samuel  "Yardley  returned  Committeeman  for  the  township  of 
Newtown  and  accepted  as  a  legal  member. 

Three  of  the  members  of  the  Comndttee  of  Correspondence 
having  resigned,  James  Wallace,  .Jo  iph  Sackett,  and  Samuel 
Yardley  are  a.ppointed  in  their  stead. 

Henjaniin  Ft-il  informs  the  ('ommittee  that  Edward  Upde- 
grave  an<l  John  Rogers  have  at  sundry  times  sprtkeu  disrespect- 
fully of  the  (Congress,  etc.,  and  that  Hernard  Kepler,  Mary  Ho- 
gart,  and  Eli/,ab«>(h  McCauley  can  give  Kvidence  to  the  same. 
It  is  therefore  onlered  that  Henjamin  l\^ll,  William  (Jarver, 
.lohu  Cory«>l,  Joseph  Hart,  Henry  WynUo(»p,  and  James  Wal- 
lace,oratiy  three  of  tl-.em  be  a  Hj)ecial  Ccuumittee  to  incpiire  into 
the  premises  and  make  report  to  this  Committee  at  their  next 
meeting. 

The  ('ommitte*'  then  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  house  of  John 
Bogart  ye  Uth  of  October. 

Tn  Committer  at  John.  Jiof/nrt's,  OrtobrrQ.  1775. 

Present:  Joseph  Hart,  Thomas  Darrach,  Jajues  Wallace, 
Benjamin  Seigle,  Richard  AValker,  Augustine  Willett,  Robert 
Patterson,  .loseph  Sackett.  John  Jamison,  .lanies  McNair. 
Henry  Wynkoop,  Samuel  Yanlley 

Thi  Sub-committee  appointed  to  hear  the  Complaint  against 
Edward  Updegrave  and  John  Rogers  reported  :  That  in  coii- 
Hequence  of  notice  given  to  sd.  ^'p(le^rave  and  Rogers,  sd.  l!p- 
degrave  had  appeared  before  tnem;  that  tipon  in(|uiry  lliey 
found  he  had  tittered  some  im])rudent  expressions,  all' routing 
ti»  the  Associated  company  of  PlumsteatI,  for  which  lie  ap- 
ptared  peintent  and  promised  in  meet  them,  acknowledge  his 
fault,  an<l  ask  their  pardon.  That  .John  R«»gers  had  not  ap- 
peared before  them,  and  that  tiotice  had  been  given  hiiu  to 
appear  before  the  Committee  this  day. 


f,^ 


802 


MINUTES  OP  THE 


Tlie  Committee,  then  tukinj;  the  Htl.  rei>ort  into  Ronuidera- 
tion,  are  of  opinion  that  tlie  Concessions  made  by  Etiward  Uii- 
de«5rave  area  snffloient  HatiKfaction  for  liis  miscondnet ;  and 
tiiat  tlie  "UHH  (if  Jolin  Rogers  be  held  under  advisement  till  the 
next  meeting;. 

William  Htickman  appearing  before  the  Committee  requested 
a  Certilirate  setting  forth  tliat  Natlmniel  Twining  Imd  ab- 
sccMided  with  a  view  totlefraud  hisoreditors,  expecting  tliereby 
to  facilitate  liis  pursuit  of  sd.  Twining  into  the  Provinces  of 
Maryland  or  Virginia. 

Which  is  coiisiderd  as  an  improper  motion. 

Tlie  Treasurer  reported  that  the  sum  of  £125  158.  7d.,  col- 
lected for  the  sufferers  by  the  Boston  Port  Act,  was  now  in  his 
hands. 

Ordered  thereupon  that  Treasurer  tlispose  of  the  said  money 
in  such  nuiuner  as  shall  be  most  likely  to  answer  the  benevo- 
lent purpose  of  the  Donors. 

The  ('ominittee  then  adjourned  to  meet  at  this  place  ye  83d 
«»f  November. 


if  ; 
1  I 


fi 


In  Committee  at  John  BogarVs^  November  ye  23(/,  1775. 

Present :  Joseph  Hart,  Heiijamiu  Fell,  Richard  Walker, 
.!ames  McNuir, Robert  J*atterson,Thonuis  Darragh,  James  Wal- 
hice,  John  Coryel,  Henry  Kroesen,  and  Henry  Wynkoop. 

The  Con\mittee,  taking  the  case  of  John  Rogers  into  consid- 
eration, and  having  examineil  Mary  Hogart,  said  to  be  tlie 
principal  witness  against  him,  are  of  opinion  that  the  offence 
as  well  as  the  olfender  are  too  insigniticant  to  deserve  any  fur- 
ther notice  of  this  Committee. 

It  l)eing  now  near  the  expiration  of  one  year  since  the  pre- 
.sent  Committee  was  chosen,  and  the  Hoard  being  of  opinion  a 
new  choice  ought  to  be  annually  made,  do  recounnend  each 
nu^mber  to  advertise  the  inhabitants  of  his  township,  to  meet 
at  the  most  convenient  place  in  each  township  for  that  pur- 
pose, on  the  sixte(*nth  day  of  December. 

The  Treasurer  informed  the  i>ommittee  that  to  comply  with 
the  order  of  the  nineteenth  f  October  he  had  paid  the  mt)neys 
then  collected  into  the  hands  of  Samuel  Adams,  chairman  of 
the  ('onnnittee  appointed  by  the  Oeneral  (Jourt  of  the  Province 
of  Massacunsetts  Hay.  to  dispose  of  the  Contril)utions  for  the 
Relief  of  the  Sufferers  by  the  Boston  Port  Bill,  and  produced 
a  receipt  from  him  for  the  sum  of  £125  15s.  7d. 

December  ye  2rtth  is  appointed  for  the  meeting  of  the  new 
mittee  at  this  place. 


!*'■ 
(i^ 


.'OMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 


353 


In  Commitlee  December  2ii"',  1775. 

The  following  persons  were  returned  i\n  nienihers  in  Oommit- 
tee  in  their  respective  Townships  for  tlie  ensuing  year,  vis.  : 

Upper  Makejield,  James  McNair;  Hpriiujfiehl,  Josiati  Brian; 
Kodchill,  ^nnxui'X  Hniith ;  Jiackhiifhatn,  Jolin  Lacey ;  Aorth- 
ampton,  Henry  Wynlioop;  Wrig/Ustown,  J onviAi^iinikett;  lien- 
ssalem,  John  Kidd,  James  Benezet ;  Holesbnrn,  John  Coryel ;  The 
i'><//,s',  Tiiomas  Harvey,  William  Biles;  Bristol,  Joseph  Mc- 
Ilvain,  John  Cox;  Newtornn,  iiiunxnA  Yardley;  f^otUhampton^ 
Arthur  Watts;  Warrington,  Riduird  Walker;  Warminster, 
Joseph  Hart;  I'lnmstead,  Benjamin  Fell;  Jfn>,i;oik,  A<lam 
Lowdesleger ;  Tinicum,  Robert  Patterson;  Wanvivk,  James 
Wallaee. 

Joseph  Hart  was  appointed  (Chairman,  Henry  Wynkoop  Clerk 
and  Treasurer,  and  .Joseph  Hart,  James  Wallace,  Samuel 
Yardley,  Arthur  Watts,  Henry  Wynkoop  were  chosen  Com- 
mittee of  Correspondence  for  the  <aisuing  year. 

The  Committee  being  apprehensive  that  certain  Shopkeepers 
within  this  ('ounty  have  not  been  sufliciently  attentive  to  the 
Continental  Association  resi)ecting  thei)riceof  goods,  the  ClerK 
is  directed  to  publish  the  l)tli  article  of  stl.  Association  with 
the  following  preamble  annexed,  viz.  : 

"This  Committee,  desires  as  much  as  possible  to  prevent 
every  species  of  Imposition  and  extortion  which  designing  per- 
sons, prompted  by  a  sordid  attachment  to  private  interests  and 
present  scarcity  of  'sundry  articles  of  merchandise,  may  be 
tempted  to  commit,  have  directed  the  republication  of  theOth 
article  of  the  Continental  Association;  and  all  Shopkeepers 
and  other  Retailers  of  Goods  are  requested  to  be  particularly 
attentive  thereto,  as  a  wilful  violation  thereof  will  necessarily 
incur  the  penalties  recommended  in  this  and  the  llth  Article 
of  said  Association." 

Each  member  of  this  Comnnttee  is  likewise  particularly  on- 
joined  to  use  his  influence  within  their  respective  neighbor- 
hoods for  suppressing  as  much  as  possible  that  growing  evil. 

Joseph  Mollvain  and  John  Cox  having  informed  the  Commit- 
tee that  they  had  been  instructed  that  William  Walton  had 
drank  damnation  to  tlie  Congre-ss  and  utienMl  expr(>.ssions 
derogatory  to  tluit  Honorable  Body  and  disrespectful  to  tlie 
present  public  measures. 

Ordered  that  John  Kidd,  James  Benezet,  Thomas  Harvey, 
Joseph  Mcllvain,  and  John  Cox  be  a  sub-connnith'e  toiiupiiro 
into  this  matter  and  make  report  to  tlie  next  meeting. 

The  Committee,  taking  into  consideration  the  late  resolves 
of  the  Assembly  of  this  Province  respecting  the  Military  Asso- 
28 -Vol.  XV. 


864 


MINUTES  OF  THE 


oiation  and  the  Laws  passed  for  its  regulation  by  that  Body,  do 
earnestly  recommend  to  every  Member  of  this  Board  to  use  his 
inilueuce  within  his  township  and  neighbourhood  to  induce 
the  people  to  8ign  and  submit  to  the  same. 


II 


/»» Committee  by  particular  request  from  the  Committee  of  Siifety, 

January  22,  1770. 

Present :  Joseph  Hart,  John  Coryel,  Robert  Patterson,  Robert 
Shewel,  New  Britain,  Richard  Walker,  Arthur  Watts,  John 
Cox,  James  McNair,  John  Lacey,  Thomas  Jones,  Hilltown, 
Josliua  Anderson,  Lower  Makefleld,  Henry  Wynkoop,  James 
Wallace,  Samuel  Smith,  Joseph  Mcllvain,  Tliomas  Darrah, 
Bedminster,  Samuel  Yardley,  Josiah  Brian,  Joseph  Sackett, 
Benjamin  Seigle,  William  Biles,  Benjamin  Fell,  Thomas  Har- 
vey, Andrew  Trumbower,  Lower  Milford,  James  Benezet. 

Messrs.  James  Biddle  and  Joseph  Wharton,  members  of  tlie 
Committee  of  Safety  for  this  Province,  deUveredthe  following 
letters  from  that  Board,  viz.  : 

'  In  Committee  of  Safety. 

"Philadelphia,  January  ye  10.  1770. 

"GkntlkmKN,— The  Committee  of  Safety  have  published  a 
process  for  the  making  of  Saltpetre,  whicVi  they  hope  will  in- 
duce the  inhabitants  of  the  Colony  generally  to  set  about  the 
•work,  but  as  no  description,  however  exact,  so  fully  answers 
the  purpose  of  instruction  as  the  actual  exhibition  of  the 
Process,  the  Committee  have  resolved  to  employ  a  number  of 
persons  to  go 'through  the  Country  to  instruct  the  people  in 
this  necessary  branch  of  Manufacture.  It  is  therefor  requested 
of  you  to 'send  two  persons  to  this  city  to  obtain  a  competent 
Knowledge  of  the  method  practiced  at  the  Saltpetre  Works 
here,  that  they  may  be  qualilied  to  exhibit  the  process  to  such 
inhabitants  of  your  County  as  are  desirous  of  being  useful  to 
their  Country  at  this  important  and  dangerous  Crisis  of  our 
A  ITairs. 

"It  is  referred  to  you  to  make  such  agreement  forth©  pul>lio 
with  the  persons  you  employ  on  this  Service  as  you  may  think 
just  and  reasonable.  Their  expenses  to  and  from  the  City  and 
while  they  remain  here  for  instruction  will  be  also  allowed  by 
the  Committee  of  Safety. 

^'  By  order  of  the  Committee, 

"John  Nixon, 

"  Chairman. 

"To  the  Committee  of  Bucks  County." 


COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 


^55 


In  Cninmittee  of  Sc^fety. 
"Philadelphia,  January  ye  10,  177«. 
"Qkntlrmkn, — The  l)etter  to  encourage  people  at  a  Diatauoe 
from  this  City  to  enter  into  the  nuinufacture  of  Saltpetre  with 
Spirit,  wo  request  you  would  appoint  a  proper  person  in  your 
County  to  receive  all  that  shall  he  made  there,  and  give  notice 
to  this  Board  and  also  public  notice  of  such  uppoinrment.  Ah 
soon  as  we  have  notice,  we  shall  furnish  such  person  with 
Power  to  pay  in  that  Article  one-fourth  the  value  of  the  Salt- 
petre according  to  our  former  proposals,  and  the  rest  of  the 
price  we  shall  pay  to  the  order  of  the  Officer  appointed,  who 
is  to  send  the  Saltpetre  he  shall  receive  from  time  to  time,  as 
opportunity  shall  offer,  to  Mr.  Robert  Towers  our  Commissary 
in  this  city. 

"^  By  order  of  the  Committee, 

"John  Nixon, 

"  Chairman. 
"To  the  Committee  of 
"The  County  of  Bucks." 

The  above  letters  having  been  read  and  considered,  Messrs. 
James  Wallace,  Andrew  Kicklein,  and  Joseph  Fenton,  Junr, 
were  appointed  to  go  to  Philadelphia  to  be  instruced  in  the 
method  of  making  Saltpetre.  And  James  Wallace  is  apixiinted 
the  Officer  to  receive  the  Saltpetre  which  shall  be  manufactured 
in  this  County  agreeable  to  the  request  made  in  the  sd.  letters 
by  the  (Committee  of  Safety. 

Representation  being  nuide  to  this  Board  that  the  inhabi- 
tants of  a  certain  District  within  this  C'ounty,  on  the  border  af 
Northampton  County,  who  have  lately  been  estublished  into 
a  Township  by  the  namn  of  J)urham,  were  desirous  to  receive 
the  Direc  ion  of  this  Conunittee  relative  to  the  mode  of  ob- 
taining a  Representative  in  this  Board,  it  was  ordere«l  that 
public  notice  be  given  to  the  inhal)itantrt  of  sd.  Township  to 
meet  and  choose  a  person  for  that  purpose. 

The  Sub-committee  appointed  to  (>xamine  the  charge  lai<i 
against  Mr.  William  Walton  reported  as  follows,  viz.  : 

"On  the  30th  December,  1775,  four  of  tlm  Committee  met  t<» 
enquin;  into  the  truth  f)f  the  charge  laid  against  Mr.  Walton, 
who  appeared  and  also  the  witnesses,  Vtut  on  objection  of  Mr. 
Walton  to  the  proceeding  of  the  Comnuttee  until  the  whole  of 
them  had  assemV)led  and  the  fifth  gentleman  appointed  to  this 
business  not  being  able  to  attend,  on  account  of  sickness  :  the 
members  then  present  thought  it  i>roper  to  adjourn  the  matter 
to  a  further  day,  viz.,  to  the  Gth  of  .January. 

"The  Committee  then  met,  Mr.  Walton  appeared,  and  «»b- 


:: « 


356 


MINUTES  OF  THE 


jected  to  answer  until  lie  saw  liis  accusors  fdce  to  face.  The 
Committee  waiteil  from  11  o'clock  iiithu  morning  uiitill  four 
in  the  afternoon,  tlio  witnesse.s  nor  any  of  them  appearing, 
though  (lirected  anil  having  promised  to  attend,  your  Com- 
mittee thought  proper  to  makt'tliis  report  of  their  proceeding. 

"John  Kidd,        Joskpii  McIlvain, 

"JOIIX  Cox,  JAMKS  BKNKZKT, 

'Thomas  Hakvky. 

"Resolved,  That  this  matter  be  held  under  advisemen.  until 
the  next  meeting,  and  the  aforesd.  Committee  are  rer[uested 
to  have  a  strict  regard  to  the  conduct  of  sd.  Walton  during 
that  time. " 

The  Committee  then  adjourned  to  February  27,  177G. 

Fn  Committee  at  John  Jiof/art'.s,  February  27,  1770. 

Present :  Joseph  Hart,  John  Coryel,  Richard  Walker,  Samuel 
Smith,  Robert  Patterson,  James  McNair,  James  WaJlace,  Ben- 
jamin Siegel,  Adam  Jjowdesieger,  Benjamin  Fell. 

" Resolced,  That  the  following  petition  l)e  presented  to  the 
Assembly  relative  to  tin?  Military  Association  : 

"That  as  a  general  uneasiness  prevails  among  the  Associators 
in  this  County  on  account  of  the  late  Military  Resolutions  of 
this  Honorable  Hoihse,  and  many  persons  have  signed  them 
under  a  full  persuasion  that  amendments  would  be  made 
therein  ;  And  as  there  are  many  able-bodied  men  between  the 
age  of  fifty  and  sixty  years,  possessed  of  large  estates,  who  are 
entirely  exempt  from  Military  Duty  and  Exjjense,  your  peti- 
tioners therefore  humbly  prays  that  the  Association  may  be 
extended  to  tlie  age  of  sixty. 

"And  as  the  'Yivx  upon  Non- Associators  is  considered  merely 
as  an  ecpiivalent  for  personal  services,  and  the  Aissociators  have 
not  (;!ompensation  for  their  Arms  and  accoutrements,  not  to 
mention  the  danger  they  will  be  exposed  to  when  called  into 
actual  service,  Your  petitioners  pray  that  an  additional  Tax 
be  laid  upon  the  Estates  of  Non-Associators  proportionate  to 
the  expenses  of  the  Associators  necessarily  incurred  for  the 
general  Defence  of  Property. 

"And  as  hy  marching  wliole  Battalions  or  Companies  of  Mi- 
litia large  tracts  of  Country  will  be  left  destitute  of  Men,  ex- 
cept those  who  either  hold  all  Resistance  unlawful,  or  such 
as  are  disaffected  to  the  present  Measures,  Vour  petitioners 
therefore  beg  leave  to  submit  to  the  consideration  of  the 
House,  whether  it  would  not  be  better  to  direct  the  Colonels 
to  draught  from  their  Battalions  such  number  as  shall  from 
time  to  time  be  requisite,  thereby  affording  an  opportunity 
forthose  whose  circumstances  will  not  always  admit  their  going 


COMMITTEE  OP  SAFETY. 


357 


to  get  Volunteers  in  their  stemi,  and  at  the  Hame  time  leaving 
sufficient  force  in  every  part  of  the  Country  to  quell  any  local 
Insurrections. 

"All  which  your  Petitioners  humbly  pray  may  be  taken  into 
consideration  of  the  House  and  such  Amendments  made  as 
yon  in  your  Wisdom  shall  seem  n»eet." 

Complaint  being  niatle  that  John  Burrows,  Jr.,  had  uttered 
expressions  inimicable  to  the  Cause  of  America.  Ordered 
that  John  (Joryel,  James  McNair,  Josepli  Sackett,  Samuel  Yard- 
ley,  and  Joshua  Anderson,  or  any  three  of  them,  be  a  Special 
Committee  to  examine  the  Evidences  and  make  report  thereof 
to  the  next  meeting. 

The  Committee  then  adjourned  to  March  2Tth. 

In  Committee  at  John  Jiogart'ti,  March  27,  1776. 

Present :  Josepii  Hart,  James  Benezet,  Richard  Walker, 
Samuel  Smith,  Arthur  Watts,  John  Sample,  James  Wallace, 
Samuel  Yardley,  James  MoNair,  William  Biles,  Robert  Patter- 
son, John  Kidd,  Adam  Lowdesleger,  Jacob  Beitlemun,  Andrew 
Triimbower,  John  Cox,  Thomas  Darrah,  Thomas  lamg,  Joseph 
Sackett. 

The  Committee  appointed  to  enquire  into  the  charge  laid 
against  John  Burrows,  Jr.,  do  report  that  upon  proper  exam- 
ination it  appeared  thai  the  words  charge*!  against  him  had 
been  spoken  heedlessly,  the  [)arty  saying  he  could  not  recollect 
to  have  said  anything  with  an  intention  to  offend,  but  if  he 
had  spoken  disrespectfully  he  was  Very  sorry  for  it,  and  prom- 
isetl  to  demean  himself  better  for  the  future. 

Resolced,  "Therefore,  that  this  excuse  be  allowed." 

A  letter  from  the  Committee  of  Safety  dated  March  10,  1770, 
requesting  that  the  Associators  in  this  t'ounty  be  properly 
equipped  so  as  to  be  in  condition  to  march  at  an  hour's  warn- 
ing, and  that  a  stricr  attention  he  i)aid  to  their  Arms  and 
Accoutrements,  and  there  is  th»!  greatest  reason  to  apprehend 
that  Gen.  Howe  intends  an  attack  upon  tins  Province. 

Also  another  letter  from  that  Comiuirtee,  dated  March  2:1, 
1770,  recpiesting  this  Board  to  appoint  proper  persons  to  pur- 
chast!  such  Muskets  in  this  County  as  are  in  the  hands  «)f  Non- 
Associatorsor  can  lMfspare<l,ior  the  uset)f  the  Battalions  raised 
in  (his  I'rovinee  for  the  Continental  Service,  and  the  Batta- 
lion of  INIusketeers  raised  for  our  provincial  defence. 

Said  letters  havintr  been  read  and  consi<lered,  "/^^^.wZref/, 
Tha.t  every  Mend)er  of  this  Committee  do  as  soon  as  i)ossible 
purchase  all  the  Arms  within  his  resj>ective  Township  which 
he  shall  judg«»  fit  for  service  an»l  are  not  made  u.se  of  by  asso- 
ciators or  their  owners  shall  be  willing  to  part  with  upoh  rea- 


358 


MINUTES  OF  THE 


sonable  terms,  and  that  the  dame  be  delivered  to  Henry  Wyn- 
koop,  James  Wallace,  or  Samuel  Smith,  who  are  hereby  ap- 
pointed to  receive  them  and  Hend  thani  to  Philadelphia  agreea- 
ble to  the  request  of  the  Committee  of  Safety.  And  that  infor- 
mation be  given  to  the  Colonels  of  thodiflerent  Battalions  ot  As- 
sociators  in  this  County  of  the  present  critical  situation  of  our 
ailTairs,  and  that  they  be  requested  to  use  their  utmost  abilities 
and  diligence  to  put  the  several  liattalions  in  the  best  order  that 
the  nature  of  tho  thing  will  admit  of,  to  be  ready  to  march 
immediately  if  it  should  be  thought  necessary ;  and  it  in  ex- 
pected and  required  that  every  member  of  this  Board  do  every- 
thing in  his  power  to  assist  the  ofllcers  iu  carrying  the  above 
resolve  into  execution." 

Upon  motion,  '■'■  Resolped,  That  for  the  future  fifteen  members 
met, and  no  less,  shall  be  considered  a  Board  capable  to  transact 
business." 

The  Committee  then  adjourned  to  April  24,  1776. 

In  Committee  at  John  BogarVs,  April  24,  1776. 

Present :  Joseph  Hart,  Thomas  Long,  Richard  Walker,  James 
McNair,  Robert  Shewell,  James  Wallace,  John  Cox,  Joseph 
Sackett,  Arthur  Watts,  Robert  Patterson,  John  Sampler,  Wil- 
liam Biles,  Jacob  Beitleraan,  Samuel  Yardley,  Joshua  Brian, 
Joshua  Anderson,  Samuel  Smith,  Henry  Wynkoop,  Adam 
Lowdesleger. 

Upon  motion  "  Resolved,  That  the  sum  of  Is.  6d.  shall  be  paid 
by  each  Member  who  shall  not  attend  within  the  si>ace  of  one 
hour  after  the  time  appointed  for  the  meeting  of  this  Com- 
mittee, and  that  Mr.  Walker  be  the  Collector  of  the  sd.  flnea. " 

Richard  Walker,  Esq.,  being  in  the  Chair,  Mr.  Hart,  as  Colo- 
nel of  the  2d  Battalion  of  Associators  in  this  County  made  re- 
turn of  th'e  Field  Officers  of  that  Battalion  as  chosen  by  the 
Officers  thereof,  viz  :  Joseph  Hart,  Colonel ;  Robert  Shewell, 
Lieutenant-Colonel;  James  McMaslers,  first  Major,  Gilbert 
Rodman,  second  Major;  Joseph  Shaw.  Standard  Bearer,  and 
William  Thompson,  Adjutant,  which  was  accordingly  certified 
to  the  Speaker  of  the  Assembly,  agreeable  to  a  late  resolve  of 
that  body. 

The  Committee  appointed  to  examine  into  the  charge  against 
Thomas  Blacklidge  reported  that  they  apprehended  the  wit- 
nesses had  not  understood  Mr.  Blacklidge,  and  that  he  declared 
that  he  wished  Avell  to  the  Libertys  of  America,  and  would 
support  its  freedom  as  far  as  was  consi^itent  with  the  religious 
principles  of  the  Society  to  which  he  belongs: 

"•Resolved,  Therefore,  that  Mr.  Blacklidge  is  fully  acquitted 
from  the  said  charge." 

The  Committee  then  adjourned  to  May  ye  23. 


COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 


m 


In  Committee  at  John  BogarVs^  May  22,  1776. 

Present :  Joseph  Hart,8ainiiel  Yardley,Jaines  Benezet,  James 
Wallace,  John  Cox,  Arthur  Watts,  John  Kiild,  Joseph  Sackett, 
Jacob  Beitlenian,  Richard  Walker,  Joseph  Mcllvaiu,  John  Samp- 
ler, Benjamin  Siegle,  James  McNair,  Robert  Pattersoft,  Gil- 
bert Hicks,  Bamuel  Smith.  Thomas  Harvey,  Benjamin  Fell, 
William  Biles,  John  Coryel,  Thomas  Lon^;,  Henry  Wynkoop, 
Adum  Lowdesleger,  Josiah  Brian. 

Gilbert  Hicks  returned  as  Committeeman  for  the  Township 
of  Middletown. 

The  Committee  receiving  a  letter  from  the  Committee  of 
Safety  reminding  this  Board  that  the  Assembly  of  this  l*ro- 
vince,  by  Ave  Resolves  of  the  6th  of  April  last,  did  provide  for 
disarming  disaffected  perons,  and  procuring  the  Arms  of  Non- 
associators  in  this  Province,  to  be  applied  to  the  arming  the 
Continental  Troops  raised  in  this  Colony,  the  Troops  raised  in 
its  own  special  Defence,  and  the  residue  for  the  Assoeiators  ;  as 
the  necessity  for  Fire-locks  at  this  alarming  conjuncture  is  very 
pressing,  they  request  this  Board  to  refer  to  the  sd.  Resolves 
without  delay,  and  make  report  to  them  with  all  possible  (+peed. 
After  mature  consideration  of  the  above  letter: 

"■Resolved  That  the  inhabitants  of  those  Townships  in  this 
County  who  have  no\;  already  elected  persons  to  take  up  the 
Arms  of  Non-Associators,  agreeably  to  late  Resolves  of  the  As- 
sembly of  this  Province,  be  requested  to  meet  on  Saturday  the 
8th  of  June  and  choosft  three  persons  for  that  purpose,  And 
that  the  Members  of  this  Committee  advertise  this  Resolve  at 
some  of  the  most  public  places  in  their  respective  Townships, 
with  the  place  and  hour  of  meeting.  And  it  is  recommentled 
to  those  persons  who  shall  be  so  chosen,  to  join  in  districts  in 
the  following  order,  viz: 

"Bristol  Falls  and  Middletown;  Ben&alera,  South  Hampton, 
and  Northampton ;  Warmister,  Warwick,  and  Warrington ; 
Newtown, Lower Makefield,andUpperMakefleld  ;  Wrightstown» 
Buckingham,  and  Solesbury ;  Plumstead,  Bedminster,  Tini- 
cum;  New  Brittain,  Rockhill,  and  Hiltown ;  Milford,  Hayeock, 
and  Richland;  Springfield,  Nockamixou,  and  Durham.  ' 

Messrs.  David  Jonesand  Joseph  Watkins  having  prod  need  a  let- 
ter from  the  Committee  of  Inspection  of  Philadelphia  request- 
ing this  Board  to  nominate  a  certain  numl)er  of  their  members 
to  meet  Deputies  from  the  other  Counties  of  this  Province  in 
Philadelphiaon  Tuesday  the  18th  day  of  next  month,  in  ortler 
to  agree  upon  And  direct  the  mode  of  electing  Members  for  a 
Provincial  Convention,  to  be  held  at  such  time  and  place  as  the 
Bd.  Conference  of  Committees  may  appoint,  for  the  express 
purpose  of  forming  and  establishing  new  form  of  Government. 


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The  said  letter,  togetlicr  with  some  other  papers  to  tliesaiiie 
purport  having  been  read  and  considered  : 

""  ResQlced,  That,  astliisis  a  matter  of  very  great  consequence 
and  ought  to  bn  considered  with  tlie  utmost  deliberation, 
the  sitme  be  lield  under  advisement  until  Monday  the  10th  of 
June,  wlien  this  Comuiitteo  ■will  meet  and  give  an  answer  to 
tlie  said  letter." 

In  tlio  mean  timt*  every  Member  of  tills  13oard  will  collect  as 
much  as  possible  the  sense  of  his  Townshii»  on  this  important 
6ul».ject. 

The  (Committee  then  adjourned  to  Monday  10th  June. 

In  Committee  at  Nefntotrii,  Jane  10,  1770. 

Present:  Jose()h  Hart,  Joshua  Anderson,  John  Kidd,  Ben- 
jamin Seigle,  Iticliard  Walker,  Jacob  lieitlenmn,  James  Hene- 
zet,  Samuel  Smith,  Robert  Patterson,  Henjamiu  Fell,  Joseph 
Sackett,  John  Sampler,  William  Biles,  John  ('oryel.  James 
McNair,  Samuel  Yardley,  Arthur  Watts,  .lames  Wallace, 
AntlrewTrumbower,(Tilbert  Hicks,  Adam  Lowdesleger, Thomas 
Long,  Josiah  Brian,  Thomas  Jones,  John  Cox,  Thomas  Harvey, 
Henry  Wynkoop. 

The  Committee  taking  into  consideration  the  request  of  the 
Committee  of  Inspection  of  l^hiladelphia  relative  to  the  ap- 
pointment of  Deputies  to  meet  the  other  Counties  of  this  Pro- 
vince in  Provincial  ('onference  at  Philadelphia  on  Tuesday  I  lie 
18th  day  of  J  une  for  the  ))urposes above  recited.  The  memliers 
having  reported  the  senst'of  tin*  inhabitants  of  their  respective 
Townships  nn»l  tlu>  whole  matter  having  been  debated  and  con- 
sidered, the  cpiestion  was  pxit  whether  this  Board  will  appoint 
Deputies  agreeable  to  the  request  of  the  Comiidttee  of  Phila- 
delphia, or  whether  the  Assembly  ho  consiilered  as  competent 
to  regulate  tlu^  Interval  Police  of  this  Colony  agreeabh^  to  the 
Resolve  of  the  ('ontiiu'iilal  ('ongressof  the  loth  of  May  last, 
which  was  carried  in  favor  of  Deputies  btMUg  apj)ointed  by  a 
great  majority. 

The  (Committee  then  a])pointed  .loseph  Hart.  John  Kidd, 
James  Wallace,  Benjamin  Siegle,  and  Henry  Wynkoop,  or  any 
three  of  them,  to  attend  the  said  Conference. 

The  Committee  being  informed  that  sundry  Townships  had 
neglected  to  choose  persons  for  receiving  the  arms  of  Non-asso- 
cia,tors,  agreeable  to  a  late  resolvi!  of  the  Assembly  of  this  Pro- 
vince, as  requested  by  this  Committe»<  at  their  last  meeting, 
the  following  persons  were  appointed  for  that  purpose  by  this 
Boar«l,  viz,  : 

.lohn  (-rawford,  Ja,mes  Barclay,  and  William  Ijong  for  W(rr- 
rington;  Daniel   Lan^w,  Richard    Rue,  and  Thomas  Miller  for 


COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 


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JJiddletown;  William  Thompson,  John  Johnson,  and  Simon 
Sackett  for  Wriijlitntoicii;  John  Klyne,  Peter  Sampson,  and 
John  Freeze  for  Jlilfonl;  Theophihis  Foil  Ike,  l*hilip  Smith, 
and  Peter  Wykle  for  Rhhlaud;  Peter  Henry,  Jacob  Hartzel, 
and  (jeortje  Phillips  for  ItockhUI, 

It  being  represented  that  the  Borouf^li  of  Bristol  had  been 
omitted  in  laying  oil  the  dilTevent  To\vnshii)S  into  Districts, 
an<l  that  the  inhal)irants  thereof  had  fleeted  ])ersons  for  exe- 
cuting the  Resolve  of  Assembly  relating  to  the  Arms  of  Non- 
associators  within  the  liorongli. 

It  was  resolved  that  tlu^  sd.  Borough  be  joined  in  District 
with  the  Falls,   Middletown,  and  Beusaleiii  Townships. 

James  Scout  being  charged  before  this  Committee  with  th«f 
following  expressions,  vi/  :  The  said  Scout  askeil  Jolm  Dorland 
before  several  people  whether  he  was  an  Independent  in  liis 
Princii)les,  Dorland  replying  lit>  was.  Scout  then  said.  You  are 
going  to  open  a  door  to  Eternal  Tyrrany  and  give  a  loose  to 
every  Usurper,  Dorland  asking  who  he  meant  by  Usurpers,  lio 
said,  Tlie  cursed  Congress  and  Committei'  of  Safety;  The  said 
(diarge  having  been  fully  jtroven  .-igainst  the  said  Scout,  he 
begged  pardon  for  those  imprudent  expressions,  declaring  lui 
was  firmly  attached  to  tln^  Cause  of  Americii,  and  i>romised  for 
the  future  to  be  more  guarded  and  to  avoid  such  indecent 
language,  and  neither  to  savor  do  anylliing  contrary  to  the 
Interests  of  America. 

The  Committe(>  theriMipou  dimisseti  him,  being  satislled 
with  Hiose  coiicessioiis. 

Tim  C'ommittee  tlu'u  adjourned  if)  iSfonday  July  ye  1st. 

///.  Conimittca  at,  John  BocjnrVs  J/t.iK/ai/,  Jii/i/  i/e  1,  17T0. 

Pre,S(Mit  :  .loseph  Hart,  John  Coryej,  Thotiias  Darrali,  .Fosc'pli 
Sackett,  Samuel  Smith,  Hobei-t  ]*ai  iei-on,  Betijamin  Siegel, 
Robert  Shewell,  A<lam  Lowdesleger,  John  Sampler,  Josiah 
Brjiiu,  Richard  Walker,  Arthur  Wiilts.  .lohii  Cox,  Ja,mes Wal- 
lace, Joshua  Anderson.  TlH^nias  l.oiig,  Benjamin  I'ell,  .T.iiiies 
McNair,  Jacoi*  BeitU'iuan,  James  Bene/.et,  Henry  Wynkoop, 
Thomas  Jones. 

Tiio  Committee,  being  iiif(UMmMl  that  sundry  persons  had  re- 
fused to  surrender  the  A  rms  in  t  heir  possession  to  t  lu>  collectors 
of  Arms,  appointed  agreeable  to  a  late  Resolve  of  the  Assem- 
bly of  this  Province, 

" /'(',s')//v</.  That .  where  such  refusal  shall  happen  hi  any 
township,  the  milit  ia  be  called  upon  for  enforcing  sd.  Rosolve. 
jind  that  the  Collectors  of  the  Arms  apply  to  the  colonel  or  in 
Ills  a,l)Si'nce  the  next  in  command  of  the  battalion  to  which  tho 
associatiu's  of  that  townshii>  belong,  who  shall  tiitu'eiipon  glv«» 


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orders  to  such  officer  and  such  number  of  men  as  he  shall  ap- 
prehend proper  and  sullicient  to  enforce  the  said  resolve  of  As- 
semlily." 

A  conipiaint,  partly  verbai  and  partly  by  petition,  being  ex- 
lubited  to  tlie  Jioard  against  Andrew  Kicldein,  colonel  of  the 
;{d  ISattalion  of  Associators  in  tliis  County,  that  lie  had  used 
undue  influence  in  procuring  himself  elected,  and  that  he  ren- 
dered himself  incapable  of  commanding  by  excessive  drinking; 
from  Joseph  Savitz  and  John  Loudwick,  Valentine  Up,  George 
Hurleiir,  Henry  Hover,  Benjamin  Selgle.  and  Michael  Suuth, 
Captains  of  companies.  The  Committee  agreed  to  take  the 
same  into  consiilerationat  their  next  meeting,  and  ordered  that 
the  i)arties  be  notilled  and  requested  to  att<iiid.  The  Board 
being  informed  that  George  Wain,  who  liad  been  elected  by  the 
inhabitants  of  Hc'esbury  one  of  tl)e  persons  to  receive  the  arms 
of  !Nun-associators  in  that  Townshii),  declined  acting  therein. 
The  committee  appointed  Henry  Lott,  Jr. ,  as  Collector  of  Arms 
in  the  room  of  said  Wain. 

The  Committing  likewise  api)ointed  Josepli  Shaw,  John  Kelley, 
and  Jarri  t  Irvine  to  collect  the  arms  in  Hiltown. 

On  motion  "  Ri-soIvkI,  That  .Joseph  Hart,  Thomas  Long, 
Samuel  Smith,  13»>njamin  Pell,  and  Robert  Patterson  be  and 
they  are  herel)y  appointed  to  meet  a  Deputation  from  the 
Committee  of  Northampton  County  tosettle  the  quotaof  Field 
officers  to  be  appointed  for  tiie  Battalion  to  be  raised  by  those 
two  counties  agreeable  to  a  rt^solve  of  the  late  Provincial  Con- 
ference. " 

The  Committee  appointed  Solomon  Gruber  and  Philip  Sheets 
in  the  room  of  Theophihis  J'\>ulke  and  Peter  Wikle  as  C!ol- 
lectorjs  of  arms  in  the  township  of  Uichland.  The  Collectors 
of  arms  iii  R(jckliill  reported  they  had  received  thirty-nine 
guns. 

The  Committee  adojurned  to  10th  July,  177G. 

Jn  Commiltce  lOth  July,  1770. 

Present:  Joseph  Hart,  Andrew  Trundmwer,  Richard  Walker, 
Adam  Jjowdesieger,  James  liene/.et,  .Jolni  C!<»ryel,  Joseph  Siick- 
ett,  John  Sampler,  Arthur  Watts,  Jienjamin  Fi'll,  James  Wal- 
lac«',  .losia'i  Brian,  Robert  Patterson,  Sanmel  Smith,  Henry 
Wynkoop,  Thonuis  liong. 

" /^'.V(>/0(!</,  Thattiiis  Committee  will  use  their  utmost  en- 
deavors that  the  Resolve  of  tlm  lale  Provincial  ConftM'ence  for 
end)odying  four  hundred  of  the  Associators  of  tlds  County  be 
immediately  i)ut  into  exectition,  a,nd  that  the  following  gentle- 
n)en  beappointtMl  officers,  l)eingthe  ])roport  ion  allotted  to  this 
County,  viz.  :   Joseph  Hart,  colonel;  Captains,  John  Folwell, 


COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 


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William  Roberts,  William  Hart,  Valentine  Up,  and  John  Jami- 
son ;  1st  Jjieutenants,  John  Kroesen,  Henry  Darrach,  Hugh 
Jjong,  l*hilipTrunibower,  and  Tennis  Middlemart;  2d  Lieuten- 
unts,  Abrani  DuBois,  James  bhaw,  Jacob  Drake,  yamuel 
Deane,  and  .John  Irvine;  Ensigns,  Mr.  McKissack,  William 
Hines,  Josepli  Hart,  Stoffel  Keller,  and  John  McCammon  Ad- 
jutant, John  .Johnson;  Knrgeon,  Joauph  Henton,  Jr.  ;  (Quarter- 
master, Alexander  Benstead. 

"  Jie,solced,  That  where  any  person  or  persons  within  any 
Township  of  this  County  shall  refuse  to  deliver  his  or  tiieir  fire- 
arms to  the  Colleetors  of  arms,  either  chosen  or  appointed, 
agreeable  to  a  late  Resolve  of  the  Assembly  of  tliis  Province, 
the  said  Collectors  or  any  one  of  them  apply  to  the  Colonel,  or 
in  his  absence  the  next  in  command  of  the  Battalion  to  which 
the  Associators  of  that  Tovvnshii)  belong,  who  shall  thereupon 
give  f)rders  to  such  Oflicer  and  such  number  of  men  as  he  shall 
appreheu<l  i)roper  and  sutlicient  to  enforce  the  said  Resolve 
of  Assembly. 

'■  Resolved,  That  wliero  it  shall  appear  to  the  Collectors  of 
Arms  that  any  person  or  persons  have  been  in  possession  of  good 
Finvunus  and  do  not  deliver  them,  or  satisfy  the  Collectors 
where  they  are,  the  said  Collectors,  or  any  of  them,  cite  such 
person  or  persons  to  appear  before  this  (Committee  at  their 
next  meeting  and  ."satisfy  this  Board  how  the  said  arms  have 
been  disposed  of."  , 

Agreeable  to  t  wo  Resolves  of  the  Committee  of  Safety  of  this 
Province  this  Committee  have  ai)pointed  (rerret  J)ungau  to 
cause  the  firti-arms  collected  from  Non- Associators  in  this 
County  to  \m  iuimediately  rendered  lit  for  use,  and  Matthiew 
Bennett  is  appointed  for  the  first  Battalion  and  Jared  Irvine 
for  the  2(1,  IJd,  and  4th  Battalions  of  Associatf)rs  in  this  County 
to  si/e  the  guns  and  nmrk  the  size  <m  the  l)reech-pin  or  lower 
end  of  the  Jmrrel. 

An  account  was  i)roduced  to  thisl^ourd  of  the  arms  noUeoted 
in  Bedminster,  being  thirteen  lit  for  service. 

A  hitter  was  produced  to  tlio  lioard  from  tlm  Committee  of 
Safety,  containinga. resolve  of  that  Board,  to  furnish  each  bat- 
talion of  Associators  in  this  Cotinty  with  \\\o  ipuirter  casks  f)f 
r.owder,  ami  requesting  this  Board  to  send  to  the  Comudssary 
R(jbert  TowiU's  for  the  same  and  <listril>ute  it  to  the  tlilTerent 
colonels. 

"/^\o/fV'f/,  That  the  t^hairuuin  grant  orders  to  the  dilTtu'ent 
Colon»'ls  for  receiving  said  powiler  from  the  Provincial  Com- 
udssary." 

Th«'  Collectors  of  arms  in  Haycock  Township  reported  they 
had  rec<>ived  two  guns. 


i\ 


364 


minute:s  of  the 


f-Kte' 


Major  Jamos  McMastcrs,  f'aptain  John  iloKonkey,  and  Mr. 
JoliM  K«Mth  aro  ai>in)irit('d  to  r.f>ll(>(!t  Hio  ni'(varin.s  in  llpiier 
MakuCield,  in  Ww.  room  of  Harnot  Vaiihorn.  .John  Hiirlcigh, 
and  .lanuis  Torlx^t,  wlio  dnoliim  Sfrving. 

Captain  Jolm  Jamison  an<l  ]^hili[»  G rislt^r  infornuMl  t\w  Hoard 
that  BtolTtd  Sticivafnsshad  assaulted  thHHaid  (frishn",  destroyi'd 
thti  gun  of  sd.  Jamison,  and  iittcrtMl  many  expressions  discover- 
in}';  a  violent  enmity  to  (lie  Libertysof  America.  The  Commit - 
too  appohit«ul  Mr.  Patterson,  Mr.  Fell,  Mr.  Long,  l\lr.  Trum- 
bower,  and  Mr.  lirian,  or  any  three  of  them,  a  siib-committoe 
to  encpiire  hito  the  saitl  ch;trg<',  and  report  to  the  next  meeting. 

Information  being  madt^  to  the  Comnutt(><>  that  Jeremiali 
Vastitie,  a  Non-Associator,  had  l)oiight  up  a  number  4if  guns 
without  any  proper  authority  : 

'"  Resoloed,  Therefor<>,  that  the  (chairman  imniodiat(>ly  issue 
a  precept  to  ai)prehen(l  t lie  said  Vastine  to  Ijring  him  ))eforo 
tho  following  gentlemen,  vi/.:  Joseph  Hart,  Jjimes  Wallace, 
Arthur  Watt-;,  Iliiduird  NV.'ilUer,  and  Henry  Wynkoo|>,  or  any 
three'  of  them,  who  are  appointed  a  Sub-comnut tee  to  eiupiire 
into  tho  said  nutttor,  and  report  to  tlio  next  meeting  of  this 
Hoard." 

John  Hogart  ])roduc,ed  ati  account  for  (Continental  services, 
amount  C!>  Hs.  Id.,  which  is  ordered  to  b<>  re(rommended  to  tho 
Connuittee  of  ('ontii  ental  accounts  as  just. 

Philip  Stover  an(  ^^athiJls  Hnrtnum  are  appointed  (Collect- 
ors of  arms  in  Haycock  Townslui)in  tlm  room  of  Philip  llering 
and  John  Mill. 

Valentine  U]),  Rudolph  Croman,  and  John  Estorly  are  ap- 
pointed ("Collectors  of  arms  in  Springfield  townsliii),  in  the  room 
of  I'illls  Jloxbury,  Christopher  Wagni'r,  a,nd  Jolui  Estorly. 

'IMio  (Committee  adjourned  to  the  2*.)tli  July. 

In.  ('omnuttec,  'i\)th  Jtili/.  177(i,  at  John  Jinpari's. 

Prosont  :  Joseph  Hart,  Robeit  Shewell,  Richard  Walker, 
Art  liur  Watts,  Henjamiii  Seigle,  James  McNair.Josepli  Sackett , 
John  Sampler,  Hen  jam  in  i'"'ell,Rol)ert  I'attersoii.Thonuis  . I  ones. 
Josiali  lirian,  James  Wallace,  William  Hilos,  Jolm  ('orvel, 
Henry  Wynkoop. 

Two  let  iters  l)eing  i)roduced  to  tho  lioard  from  (Jeneral 
Roberdeau,  and  likewise  a  Resolve  of  (Congress  of  I'.Mhinst., 
urging  the  immediate  march  of  the  IMilitiau 

'' fit'so/raf.  Thai  notwithstanding  a  fornwr  resolv.'  of  this 
Hojird  for  sending  to  camp  the  proport  ion  of  t  his  cotuit  y  f(U' 
th(^  I'Mying  (.Camp,  this  Comunttec*  will  ns-o  their  utmost  en- 
deav«)rsto  forward  the  immediate  march  of  the  wliole  l\lilitia 
and  alTord  them  all  tin*  assistanc<f  in  tlieir  power. 


CO^IMITTKK  OF  SAFKTY. 


865 


i»« 


H'S. 

vcl, 

•rul 

isl., 

tins 
for 
cn- 

liliii 


'•  fiisoh'ed,  That  tlii^  Cartoiich  Hoxes,  !iayonot  Bolts,  Knap 
ami  Haversacks,  proouri'd  Ity  the  Coiiimi.»^si<)iH>rs  aii<l  Asst'ssors 
of  tills  County,  bo  e(|iially  (listril)iittMl  bi'twci'ii  tlic!  fourJiatla- 
lious  of  Associators  ill  this  County,  and  be  (It'll  vt^'cd  to  t  iieir 
Cnioiirls,  or  tliiMiuxi  I u  coui uiaud ,  who  siiaii  endeavor  to  dis- 
tril>uti'  liieui  anions  the  eouipiiniis  in  prtjportiun  to  tint  num- 
ber of  nif'U  enterinj^  into  aental  service!." 

i'eter  HIaker  and  Jonathan  Cof>i)<'r  appeared  upon  Citation 
from  <"Mpiain  .John  McKonkt^y,  ()ne  of  t  he  Colleetors  of  A  rms 
in  Uppt-r  Makelield,  to  satisfy  tins  Board  how  tiieir  arms  had 
l»een  disj)os(;d  of.  IJlaker  said  his  }^un  had  been  taken  away, 
as  he  supposed,  by  fine  John  8out  ii  wlio  was  t-iiiisted  into  the 
service  of  tins  ]*rovince,  and  (-'oopfu*  pronuscd  to  deliver  his 
t^uns  the  next  mornin^f,  upon  which  tiicy  wer»!  <iisc'.iuir{^ed. 

.Iose[»h  Shaw  li.vvin^  ma,de  complaint  that  KItene/.er  Owen 
iiad  refused  to  «leliver  his  gun  and  uttered  expressions  dis- 
novering  a  violent  enmity  to  t  ho  Jjibertys  of  America,  Thomas 
Darrach,  Bonjainin  Fell,  iticliard  Walker,  and  Robert  Shewell, 
or  any  three  of  t  hem,  ar(«  ai)pointed  loliring  the  sai<l  Owen 
before  1  heui  tn  entpiire  into  this  nuit  ter,  to  cit«i  such  witnesses 
as  siiall  be  necessary,  and  to  make  rt'j)Oit  to  the  next  meeting;. 

Representation  being  made*  that  ac«'rtain  Negro,  called  Sam- 
son, btdonging  to  Ji^remiah  Dungan,  Jr.,  had  becouu'  obnoxi- 
ous to  the  Associalors  in  his  neig*ld)orliood  and  t  iial  they  were 
afraid  he  would  injiiro  their  families  during  t  heir  absence,  said 
Dungan  oiTering  to  becoun' sunity  for  tiu' good  behaviour  of 
said  negro  until  tin*  return  of  the  Associators,  the  same  is  or- 
(U!red  to  be  taken. 

The  Connnitteo  appointed  toexannne  into  the  charge  against 
StolTel  Suckafuss,  reported  that  they  had  ciled  tlii!  said  .StolTel 
before  them,  and  also  the  witnesses  in  support  of  .said  charge; 
that  it  npiu^ared  the  said  Stoffel,  in  conjunction  with  Jacob 
Hougar,  had  assaulted  IMiilip  (irisler,  and  broke  and  destroyed 
a  gun  Ixdonging  to  ('aptain  John  Jantison,  and  that  said  Stof- 
fel  anil  .Jacob  refuscnl  to  nuike  any  compensat  ion  to  the  said 
Jamison  for  the  loss  of  his  gun  or  the  expenses  arisen  ujmn  their 
prosecution;  that  said  StolTel  behaved  himself  in  a  ver\  in- 
sulting, outrageous,  and  haughl  y  manner,  saving  there  was 
no  law  now  and  that  he  would  do  wiiat  he  pleased,  and  that 
from  the  general  conduct  and  language  of  the  said  Stoffel  and 
.Tacob  they  appr<'hend«'d  them  to  be  dangerous  to  tin*  safety 
of  the  State  of  Pertnsylvania. 

Th"refore '•  7^6'.so/Be^/,  That  the  said  StolTel  Suckafuss  and 
Jacob  Hougar  be  forthwith  conveyed  to  the  Committee  of 
Safety  of  this  I*rovince,  at  l^hiladelphia,  to  be  there  confined 
until  they  »hull  compeimute  Huid  (Japtain  Jamison  for  the  Iohh 


m 
'I' 

Hi, 
t 


I* 


3(!6 


MliNUTES  OF  THE 


of  his  gun  and  pay  the  expense  accrued  upon  this  Prosecution, 
unlescithey  shall  give  such  security  for  those  payments  and  thoir 
future  good  behaviour  as  shall  be  judged  suflHcient  by  one  or 
more  of  the  Neighbouring  Coramitteenien.  Cost  as  follows, 
viz.  : 

To  Captain  Jamison  for  his  gun  60  / £2  10 

To  Philip  Grisler,  a  witness  attending  4  days  at  2  /  .  8 

To  Grisley  Steel,  attending  2  days  at  2  /     4 

To  Captain  Jamison,   expense   for  guard  to  bring 

Suckafuss  to  Newtown, 14 

To  his  trou  blc  6  days  at  5  /  and  3  men  2  days  at  2  /  6  .       2    5 


£6  11 


i  III' 


II*' 


^*  Resolved,  That  the  officer  appoimed  to  get  the  Arms  col- 
lected from  Non-associators  fitted  for  immediate  use  deliver 
those  arms,  when  so  fitted,  to  the  Colonel  or  commanding  officer 
of  the  Battalion  wliere  the  Guns  have  been  collected,  to  be  by 
him  distributed  among  those  Associators  who  are  going  into 
actual  service  and  have  no  guns  of  their  own. 

^^liesolved,  That  the  arms  collected  fi'om  the  inhabitants  of 
Rockhill,who  have  now  associated  under  Captain  Ludwick  Ben- 
ner,  be  returned  to  them  again,  they  paying  the  expense  of  lift- 
ing them  for  actual  Service. " 

As  it  is  doubtful  whether  asufficieat  number  of  camp-kettles 
can  be  immediately  piocured  for  the  use  of  the  •  nlitia,thereforB 

*■* liesoloed,  That  the  Captains  of  the  Asso^iators  procure  a 
Pot  Kettle  or  Frying  I'aii  suitable  to  accommodate  every  six 
men  at  the  expense  of  the  public,  and  that  he  furnish  a  neigh- 
bouring/Committeeman  witli  an  account  thereof,  to  enable 
this  Boai'd  to  draw  for  money  to  discharge  the  sjime. " 

Agi'eeable  to  a  resolve  of  the  Committee  of  Safety  of  the  t.'ith 
inst.  recommending  to  th  Committees  of  Inspection  in  the 
several  Counties  of  tills  Province  to  nominate  andappoluta  pro- 
per number  of  judicious  person  to  distribute  to  distressed  fam- 
ilies whose  husbands  are  now  in  actual  service,  the  allowance 
they  may  think  reasonable,  and  that  the  said  Committees  be 
empowered  to  draw  as  they  shall  see  occasion  on  this  Board  for 
the  necessary  sums  of  money  to  be  by  them  lodged  in  the  hands 
of  the  persons  so  nominated,  to  be  applied  as  above  directed. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  appointed  for  the  purposes 
mentioned  in  said  resolve,  viz.  : 

Bristol  lionmffli  and  Tow ns/iif ),Ben}amm  Brittain.and  Robert 
Patterson ;  Bensalem,  John  Kid<l ;  Unckinf/ham,  John  Sampler ; 
Falls,  William  Biles ;  Lower  MaltefleUl,  Abram  Mack;  Middle- 
town,  Gabriel   Vanhorn ;   Neictown,  Bam\\e\    Yardley;    South- 


COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 


88T 


jert 
ller ; 
hle- 
ith- 


ampton,  Henry  Kroesen ;  Wartniiister,  Isaiah  Hough ;  War- 
rington, Richard  Walker ;  Warwick,  Jiinm.s  Wallace ;  Wriyhts- 
town.,  Joseph  Sackett;  riamsteml,  Thomas  "Dyer;  Bedmiimter, 
Robert  Darrach  and  Robert  Maneeley*  iVt?<<^  lirittain,  Alex- 
ander  Finlay;  Hilltown,  John  Kelley ;  Tiuicum,  Robert  Pat- 
terson; N()<katnixoii,  Daniel  Jamison;  l:<pringjield,  James 
Chapman  ;  lioa/chill,  Sanniel  Bmith  ;  Jlic/i land ,Thoiniiii  Foulke  ; 
Durham,  Thomas  Long;  Northaniptim,  Cfilliam  Cornel;  Upjxr 
Jla/cefield,  JiuwuH  McNair;  Sole.sbnri/,  3 o]\n  Coryel ;  Jfai/cock, 
Adam  Lowdesleger;  JJil/ord,  Andrew  Trumb<j\ver. 

The  gentlemen  ai)i)ointed  to  enquire  into  the  conduct  of  Jer- 
emiah Vastine  relative  to  his  purchasing  (funs  report  that,  upon 
l)roper  examination,  it  appeared  that  said  Vastine  buying  guns 
had  been  done  merely  for  the  puri)oso  of  profit  to  himself,  and 
not  with  any  design  to  injure  his  Country,  as  lie  had  sold  them 
to  gunsmiths  in  Philadelphia  to  be  fitted  for  servic(\  Ordered 
therefore  that  said  Vastine  be  acquitted  from  any  furtiier  pro- 
secution on  this  information. 

As  many  members  of  this  Board  are  going  with  the  Militia 
into  the  Continental  Service,  therefore, 

""  Ilesolced,  That,  for  the  future,  nine  members  met  constitute 
a  Hoard." 

The  Committee  then  adjourned  to  13th  of  August,  1770,  at 
nine  o'clock. 

In  Committee,  12th  Anrjust,  1770. 

Present :  John  Kidd,  John  Sampler,  Richard  Walker,  Arthur 
Watts,  William  Piles,  Thomas  Jones,  Joseph  Sackett,  James 
Wallace,  Thomas  Long,  Robert  Patterson,  John  Coryel, 
Robert  Shewell, .Tames  McNair,  Robert  Patterson,  Esq. ,  Samuel 
Yardley,  Henry  Wynkoop,  Athiiu  Lowdesleger. 

Robert  Patterson  returned  as  a  member  6(  this  lioard  for  the 
Township  of  Pristol  in  the  room  of  'Mr.  John  CoX',  resigned. 

The  Board  being  informed  that  John  iJrown  had  delivered 
his  Arms,  ordered  that  his  ])tibli('ation  be  stoj)ped. 

Eleanor  frrahain  complaining  that  she  appreliends  herself 
in  danger  of  some  personal  injury  from  13enjaiuiii  John,  Ricliard 
Walker  and  Robert  Shewel  are  api'ointed  to  bind  the  said 
Benjamin  .Tohn  to  his  good  Piehavionr  towards  t  In*  said  Hleanor 
Graham  until  the  return  of  the  I\Iilitia. 

The  Rev.  Robert  Keith  is  jippointed  (chaplain  for  the  Batta- 
lion of  the  Flying  C^amp  under  the  command  of  Colonel  Hart. 

Ebenezer  Owen  appearing  personally  before  the  Board  and 
confessing  that  he  had  expressed  liimself  iiuprudently  to  the 
Collectors  of  Arms,  and  declaring  himself  sorry  for  his  indis- 
creet conduct,  and  being  willing  to  give  Security  for  his  good 


rl 

m 

-y- 

-^#4^1 

:|-.'^^Hi- 


868 


MINUTES  OP  THE 


i   I 


t\-¥ 


behaviour  until  the  return  of  tlie  Militia,  ordered  that  Mr. 
Walker  and  Mr.  Shevvel  take  his  Security,  aud  he  be  discharged 
from  any  further  prosecution. 

Jh  Committee,  July  29,  1776. 

Present :  Joseph  Hart,  Robert  Shewel,  Richard  Walker, 
Arthur  Watts,  Iknijaniiu  Siegle,  James  McNair,  Joseph  Back- 
ett,  John  Sampler,  Benjamin  Fell,  Robert  Patterson,  Thomas 
Jones,  Henry  Wynkoop,  James  Wallace,  Josiah  Brian,  John 
Coryel,  "William  Biles. 

Two  letters  being  produced  to  the  Board,  and  likewise  a  Re- 
solve of  (Congress  of  19th  inst.,  urging  the  necessity  of  the  im- 
mediate march  of  the  Militia. 

'■' Resolced,  That,  notwithstanding  a  former  resolve  of  this 
Board  for  sending  to  Camp  the  proportion  of  this  County  for 
the  Flying  Camp,  this  Committee  will  use  their  utmost  en- 
deavours to  forward  the  immediate  march  of  the  whole  Militia 
and  atTord  them  all  the  assistance  in  their  power." 

Upon  motion  ''  llesoloed,  That  the  Cartouch  Boxes,  Bayonet 
Belts,  Knap  and  Haversacks  in  this  County,  procured  by  the 
Commissioners  and  Assessors,  be  equally  distributed  between 
the  four  Battalions  of  Associators  in  this  County,  and  be  de- 
livered to  their  Colonels  or  the  next  in  Command,  who  shall  en- 
deavor to  distribute  them  among  the  companies  in  proportion 
to  the  number  of  men  entering  into  actutil  Service." 

Peter  Blaker  cited  to  satisfy  the  board  on  the  complaint  of 
John  McKonkey,  one  of  the  Collectors  of  Arms  in  Upper  Make- 
field,  how  his  anas  had  been  disposed  of.  Blaker  says  his  guns 
had  been  stolen ;  Jonathan  Cooper  promised  to  deliver  his  gun ; 
James  Thornton  says  he  hath  no  gun. 

Joseph  Shaw  having  made  complaint  that  Ebenezer  Owen 
had  refused  to  deliver  his  Gun  and  uttered  expressions  dis- 
covering a  violent  enmity  to  the  Libertys  of  America,  Thomas 
Darrach,  Benjamin  Fell,  Richard  Walker,  and  Robert  Shewel, 
or  any  three  of  them,  are  appointed  to  bring  the  said  Owea 
before  them  and  enquire  into  this  matter,  to  cite  such  Wit- 
nesses as  are  necessary  to  support  said  charge,  and  report  to  the 
next  meeting. 

A  complaint  having  been  made  to  this  Board  that  a  Negro 
of  Jeremiah  Bungan,  Jr.,  had  said  he  would  burn  the  houses 
and  kill  the  Women  and  children  of  the  Associators  when  they 
marched  out,  said  Bungan  offers  to  enter  into  Bond  of  £100  for 
the  good  behaviour  of  said  Negro  Samson,  which  is  considered 
as  satisfactory  until  the  return  of  the  Militia. 

Thomas  Dyer,  one  of  the  Collectors  of  Arms  for  Plumstead, 
cites  John  Brown  for  having  refused  to  satisfy  the  collectors 


COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 


860 


IS 

in. 

li- 
ne 


how  his  Arms  had  been  disposed  of ;  tlie  said  Brown  says  he  had 
two  guns  that  lie  had  sold,  the  one  lately  after  demanded  by 
the  Collector,  to  one  Abram  Tucker  who  is  now  gone  to  York 
County,  and  that  he  had  disposed  of  the  other  about  five 
months  ago  ;  at  the  same  time  declaring  he  thought  this  Board 
had  no  authority  to  ask  him  such  questions,  and  therefore  he 
did  not  choose  to  inform  them  who  the  person  was : 

"  liesoloed.  That  the  said  John  Brown,  in  refusing  to  answer 
such  questions  as  were  asked  liiiu  by  this  Board  and  disputing 
its  Authority  in  a  matter  so  necessary  for  the  Defence  of  the 
American  States,  hath  acted  the  part  of  an  enemy  to  the  Lib- 
ertys  of  America,  and  that  he  be  published  as  such." 

The  Committee  appointed  to  examine  into  the  charge  against 
Stoffel  Suckafuss  reports  :  That  they  had  cited  the  said  StofTel 
before  them  and  also  the  witnesses  in  support  of  said  charge ; 
it  appeared  that  the  said  Stoffel,  in  conjunction  with  a  cer- 
tain Jacob  Bougar,  had  assaulted  Philip  Grisler  and  broke  and 
destroyed  a  Gun  belonging  to  Captain  John  Jamison,  and 
that  they,  the  said  StofTel  Suckafuss  and  Jacob  Bougar,  re- 
fused to  make  any  compensation  to  the  said  Jamison  for  the 
loss  of  his  Ciun  and  the  expenses  arisen  upon  their  prosecution  ; 
that  he  behaved  himself  in  a  very  insulting,  outrageous,  and 
haughty  manner,  saying  there  was  no  Law  now  and  that  he 
would  do  what  he  pleased,  and  that  from  the  general  conduct 
and  language  of  the  said  Stoffel  and  Jacob  they  apprehend 
them  to  be  dangerous  to  the  Safety  of  the  State  of  Pennsylva- 
nia: 

Therefore  *'•  Resolved,"  [Here  the  minutes  break  off.] 


)r8 


24— Vol.  XV. 


*^  i 


.! 


M 


(870) 


ROLLS 


OF 


Soldiers  of  the  Revolution, 

PENNSYLVANIA  LINE, 

Pound  in  the  Department  of  State, 


WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 


(371) 


1    V^' 

•'         1  i' 


■  :i  & 

n 


[When  the  History  of  the  Pennsylvania  Line  was  in  course 
of  preparation,  access  was  denied  the  Editors  to  tlie  Papers  in 
the  State  .Department  at  Washington.  Recently,  permission 
was  given  to  copy  all  tlie  rolls,  etc,  tliere  contained.  Little, 
if  any  additional  information  was  found,  for  as  will  be-  dis- 
covered, the  lists  only  duplicate  what  have  been  printed  in 
Volumes  X  and  XI  of  this  series  of  Pennsylvania  Archives.  We 
print  the  more  important,  as  they  give  the  men  by  companies, 
assuring  the  reader  that  nothing  is  omitted  wliich  has  not 
already  been  published  in  connection  with  the  War  of  the 
Revolution.  ] 


fe 


(872) 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


List  of  General  and  Pi^ld  OflBeers  in  the  late  Army  of  the 
United  StateH,  wlio  continued  in  Service  to  the  end  of  the 
War,  or  were  deranged  in  pursuance  of  Acts  of  Congress. 


Arthur  St.  Glair. 

Edward  Hand. 
William  Irvine. 
Anthony  Wayne. 


Daniel  Brodhead. 
Richard  Butler. 
William  Butler. 
Henry  Bicker. 
James  Chambers. 
Thomas  Craig. 
Richard  Humpton. 
Adam  Hubley. 
Francis  Johnston. 
Robert  Magaw. 
Stephen  Moylan. 
Lewin  Nicola. 
George  Nagle. 
Andrew  Porter. 
Walter  Stewart. 


Stephen  Bayard. 
Lewis  Parmer. 
Samuel  Hay. 
.Tosiah  Harmar. 
John  Murray. 
Francis  Mentzges. 
Caleb  North. 


Major  General. 


Brigadier  Generals. 


Colonels. 


Lieutenant  Colonels., 


(373) 


874 


THE  PENNSYLVAxMA  LINE. 


I 


Thomas  Robinson. 
Christopher  Stewart. 
Tench  Tiigluuan. 

John  Armstronf?.. 
William  Alexander. 
Tliomns  Cliureh. 
Isaac  Craijjf. 
Evan  Edwards. 
Moore  Fontleroy. 
Daviti  8.  Fran  lis. 
James  (irier. 
James  Hamilton. 
John  HnlinRS. 
William  McPherson, 
Thomas  L.  Moore. 
Francis  Murray. 
James  Moore. 
Francis  Proctor. 
James  Parr. 
James  R.  Reid. 
(ieorge  Tudor. 
Jeremiah  Talbot. 
Frederick  Vernon. 


Majors, 


FIRST  RE«IMENT-1770. 


Return  of  the  officers  present  and  absent  of  tlie  Hrst  Regiment 
of  Foot  in  the  Service  of  tlie  United  American  States,  ('om- 
manded  by  Col.  Edw*.  Hand,  West  Chester,  Oct.  5   1770. 

Prksknt  and  Fit  for  Duty. 

Colonel. 


Edwd.  Hand. 


James  Chambers. 


J  as.  Ross. 


Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Major. 


Robt.  CJugage. 
Henry  Mil  lor. 
Chaa  CJraig. 
JuH.  Orier, 
David  Hurrit*. 
JaH.  l*arr. 
,IaH.  ilaiuilton. 

Jnn.  Holiiday. 
baini.  Oaig. 
.Ino.  Matson. 
Matt.  M'Conell. 
Ben.  Chambers. 
Michl.  8inipHon. 
JaK.  Wilson. 
Fred.  Hubley. 

Willni.  WillHon. 
ThoH.  Buchanan. 
Jasper  Ewing. 
Th()8.  Armor. 
Wm.  Cross. 
Ben.  Bird., 
Peter  Wiser. 

Jno.  Dick. 
Jno.  Dougherty. 
Wm.  Magaw. 
Abrm.  Skinner. 
Alexi.  Wilson. 
Jas.  Holiiday. 

Sam'.  Blair. 

.Fasper  Ewing. 
Fred.  Hubley. 
Wm.  Magaw. 
Chris.  Beiniok, 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Captains. 


875 


First  LieutenarUs. 


Second  Lieutenants. 


t ;   . 


Third  LieutenantM, 


Chaplain, 

* 

Adjutant. 

Quart  or  master. 

Surgeon. 

Mate. 


,M 


87I 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Officers  Absent  and  how  Long. 

Ist  Lieut.  Archibald  Steel,  )  Prisoners  of  War,  Slat  December, 

2d  Lieut.  Francis  Nioiiols,  )      1775. 

8d  Lieut.  David  Ziegler,  wounded  26th  Aug. ,  1776. 

Officers  Fit  for  Duty. 
Capt.  Natlian  Smith,  recruiting  1st  July,  1776. 

Vacant  Officers  and  by  What  Means. 
) 


Promoted. 


Capt.  James  Ross, 
3d  Lt.  John  Claris, 

2d  Lt.  Jacob  Zank,  I  Resigned. 

3d  Lt.  George  Francis,  ) 

[Endorsed]    Return  of  olHcers  of  Col.  Hand's  Regt.,  Oct.  ."5, 
1776. 

EDWd.  Hand,  Colonel 

Return  of  the  oflBcers  of  the  1st  Regim't  of  Foot,  5th  October, 
1776. 


RIFLE  REGIMENT— 1776. 


Return  of  the  Officers  of  the  2d  Battalion,  Penna.  Rifle  Regt., 

Octr.  4th,  1776. 


Present  Fit  for  Duty. 


Major  Jno.  Pat  ton. 
Captn.  Jno.  Murray. 
Captn.  Jno.  Marshal. 
Captn.  Petr.  Grubb. 
Captn.  Heny.  Christ. 
l8t  Lt.  T.  R  Bowen. 
2d  Lt.  Robt.  Hums. 
2d.  Lt.  Jacob  Maise. 
8d  fit.  Abner  l^avis. 
8d  Lt.  Wm.  Brown. 
Adjt.  Bowen. 
Q.  M.  Power. 
Surjn  Reiger. 

• 

lit.  Col.  Broad  head. 
Ist  Lt.  Jno.  Clark. 


1 


Sick  Present 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


877 


1st  Lt.  J  no.  Carpenter. 
2(1  Lt.  JaH.  Hamilton.   . 


liick  Absent 


1st  lit.  Jno.  Stoner. 
3(1  Lt.  Robt.  Canipble. 
Lt.  btephn  Hanna. 
M  Lt.  Win.  Moore. 

Oil  Command  after  Deserters.  . 

Capt.  JoH.  Erwin. 

2d  Lt.  Thos.  Gourley. 

Surgns  Mate  Buck,  tendg  siok  absent. 

[Endorstid]  Return  of  officers,  2(1  Batt"  Regt. 

Return  of  officers  2d  Battn  Penna  R.  Regt.,  Oct.  4th.  1770, 


FIELD  OFFICERS— 1776. 


A  Return  of  the  Field  Officers  in  the  Pennsylvania  Battalions 

encamped  near  Head  QuarterH,  October  Hth,  1770. 
yd  ]»enna  Battn.  '  ' 

Col".  .John  Shee,  resigned. 

Lt.  Col.  Laiiibt  (^adwallader,  present  fit  for  duty. 

Major  Henry  Becker,  present  lit  for  duty- 

5th  I'enna  Battn. 

Vjo\o.  Robert  Magaw,  Present  lit  for  duty. 

Lt.  Col.  Joseph  Penrose,  gone  to  Pliila  since  2yth  Sept.,  to 

purchase  Cloths  for  the  Battn. 
Major  (ieorgo  Nagle,  present  lit  for  duty.  "        ' 

Delaware  Battn.  ^   ^ 

Col.  John  Heslet,  sick  beyond  Kiugsbridge. 
Lt.  Col.  Gun'g  Bedford,  present  fit  for  duty. 
Maj(n'  .Tohn  McDoiujugh,  present  fit  for  duty. 

Penna  Rille  Men.  ,  . 

Col.  Sauil  Miles,  tnken  prisoner  at  Long  Islaiui. 

1st  Battn  Lt.  Col.  James  Piper,  talven  at  sam«^  place. 
Major  Kuion  Williams,  gone  on  Coiinuand  to  Pliila. 

2d  Battn,  Tit.  Col.  Danl  Broadheiid,  Sick,  present. 
Major  Ptttton,  prestnit  lit  for  duty. 


378 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Penna  Muskett  Battn. 

Col.  Saml  John  Attlee,  taken  prisoner  at  Long  Island. 
Lt.  Col.  Parry,  Killed  at  the  same  place. 
Major  James  Potts,  Resigned  at  Philada. 

RoBt.  Maoaw,  Colo  5th.  P. 
[Endorsed]  Colo  Magaw's  List,  Battn  eldest  officer  of  Field 
ofTrs  in  ye  Penna  Hattalionb  Encampd  near  Head  Quarters,  Oct. 
r>,  1776. 


First  Lieut  Henry  Eppele,  Capt.  vice  Capt.  Grose,  July  4th, 
1778. 

Ditto  Willm  Craig,  Ditto  vice  Capt.  Brisben,  resigned  Sept. 
ist.  1777. 

Second  Lieut.,  James   Bird,   First  Lt.  vice  Henry  Eppe'e, 
preferred. 

Ditto  Danl  St.  Clair,  Ditto  vice  Willm  Craig,  Ditto. 

Ditto  Mathias  Luken,  Ditto  vice  1st  Lt.  James  Montgomery, 
left  out  by  order  of  fienl  Conway,  Sept.  11th,  1777. 

Ensign  Danl  MacDonald,  Second  Lt.  vice  James  Bird,  pre- 
ferred. 

The  above  are  the  vacancies  in  ye  3d  Penn.  Regt. ,  Nov.  25th, 

1777. 

Thos.  Graiq. 

[  Endorsed]  Promotions  in  the  3d  Penna  Battalion. 


COL.  HARTLEYS  REGIMENT. 


A  list  of  the  officers  in  Colonel  Hartley's  Battalion  in  the  Ser- 
vice of  the  United  States  of  America. 

Rank.  When  Appointed. 

Colonel 10th  January,  1777. 

Lieut.  Colonel,  ...  9  Apl. ,  1777. 
,  Major,    .......  12  January,  1777. 

.  Quarter  Master,    .   .  17th  April. 

.Adjutant, 10th  January,  1777. 

,  Paynuister,      ....  l.lth  Jnnuary,  1777. 

Jacob  Swope, Surgeon, ir)th  January,  1777. 

■ Tracey,      Surgeon 5  February. 

Baruet  Kichelberger,  .  Captain, 13  January. 

William  Nicholl,    .   .   .       Do 13  January. 

Robert  Hopes Do 13       Do. 

Benjamin  C.  Stoddert,      Do 14       Do. 


Thomas  Hartley,  . 
Morgan  Conner,  . 
FiHwis  Bush,  .  .  . 
.lohn  McAllister,  . 
Rob»;rt  Ralston, 
Thomond  Ball,   .   . 


;« 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


379 


h, 


|77. 
[77. 
i77. 


William  Kelley,      ,   . 
Richard  Wilison,   .  '.   . 
George  Bush,      .    .    .   . 
Archibald  McAhister, 


Rank.  When  Appointed. 

Captain, 10  January. 

Do.         ......  15  February. 

Do.         1  March 

Do .  18th  April. 


Paul  Parker, first  Lieut., 

.James  Forrester,  . 
Horatio  Ross,  .   .   . 
.fames  Kenny,     .    . 
James  Dill,    .... 
Count  De  Momfort, 
Charles  Croxall, 
John  Hughes,     .   . 
Andrew  Walker,    . 
Isaac  Sweeney,  . 
Henry  Carberry,   . 
Martin  Eichelberger 
Wm.  McCurdy,  .   , 
William  Clemm,    , 


Do.  .   . 

Do.  .   . 

Do.  .   . 
Do. 
Do. 

Do.  .   . 

Do.  .   . 
Second  Lieut., 
Do, 

.  Do. 


.  loth  January. 

23(1  January. 

24th     Do. 

25th     Do. 

5th  February. 
,  23(1  March. 
.  25th  May. 

1  June. 

12th  Jan.,  1777. 

23d  Jan. ,  1777. 

24th  Do.   1777. 

25th  Do. 

26      Do. 

20  May. 


Bo. 

The  other  two  Second  Lieutenants  are  appointed,  but  I  can- 
not at  present  return  their  names. 


George  Hillery, 
John  M«Bride,    .   . 
.Tames  McCalmon, 
John  Manghan,  .    , 
Vachel  D<jrsey,   .    , 


Ensign, Lst  February. 


Do. 
Do. 
J>o. 
Do. 


2d       Do. 

5th  Do.       >  24th  Jany  by  Colo. 
25thPebyi"      Hartley's  Note. 

1st  May. 

26  May. 


John  Stake, Do 

The  other  two  Ensigns  are  also  Appointed  ;  I  can  not  now  re- 
turn their  names. 

I  appointed  a  certain  Walter  Cox  a  Captain  for  the  particu- 
lar Circumstances  Attending  this  api)ointment  his  Fixcellency 
was  pleased  to  Approve  of  the  same;  the  Appointment  was 
made  the  5th  of  February,  1777. 

Thos.  Hartlkt,  f'olonef. 

(Jamp  at  Middle  Brook,  June  the  14th,  1777. 

You  will  be  pleased  to  present  the  above  List  to  Hisi  Excel- 
lency General  Washington,  as  the  officers  arc!  Anxious  to  luivo 
their  Commissions.  I  would  be  glad  that  they  were  granted 
lis  soon  as  lieisure  will  admit.  The  Times  of  appointment  are 
mentioned.  Should  any  other  of  the  sixteen  Battalions  desire 
the  Commissions  to  be  of  tht^  same  Date  to  alltheir  officers, 
the  same  Indulgence  will  doubt le.ss  be  granted  us, 
I  am.  Sir,  Y'our  humble  servant, 

Thos.  Hautlky. 

To  Lieut.  Colonel  Morgan  Connor.  Adjutant  General,  ^iro 
Temp,  Middle  Brook,  14th  of  June,  1777. 


m 

f'ih 


seo 


THR  PKNNSYliVANlA  I-INK. 


I  RndorHtMl]  Cn\.  Hart  l«»y'H  olThwrn  o<>miiiiMHiono<i 
Tlioiiiiut  llai*tl<>.v'N<V>iniiiiNMioii  of  Lieut.  (?olo.  in  thoOth  Datta 
of  PHiuiHylvaniain  tlu»  Horvlco  of  tho  rnitf*!  HtatoH,  wivh  «lat«Ml 
the   lOth  (lay  of  January,  1770.     Ho  wiiH  Appoinlod  Lt.  (/ol.  of 
Miuuto  Mon  tlio  IHli  of  Juii«\  1775. 

T.  Hautlky. 
[htiulorstuij  Col,  HartU>y'8  Muiuorauduni. 


i:|| 


J'romotir.ns  in  Colo,  Uarlhy's  lit'tfi'menL 

JainoH  Forrost««r  a  Hrst  lii<<ut<M)ant  to  1h»  a  (-aptain  In  tlio 
Ilooin  of  CaptaJti  Arcliihald  M«'Callisl(«r,  rt<Hi({ii(ul  tliu  tt)thof 
N«>v'.  last. 

Two  (^onuuissi«)us  an>  lo.st  witliiu  a  fi>w  «layH.  New  ontm  are 
ilesjretl. 

Henry  (^arhury  a  'id  lileut.  to  b«<  a  llrst  liieutenant'  in  the 
Room  t»f  Oaptain  Parker,  prouioted  Ittli  Sept. 

Martin  Kiolu>ll>erff»'r,  '-id  Lieut,  to  he  a  Ih'wt  ljieut«uiant  in  the 
Uooni  of  Lieut.  JXU,  killed  IDtli  8upt. 

TlioH.  Hauti,ky,  (h)h. 

IKudorsed]  C^olonel  Hartl(>y  for  lhr»*e  ('oniniiHsions,  lOth 
Deeenir,   1777. 

Promotions  exclusive  of  the  Majority  to  lak«'  place  as  follows 
in  ('olonel  Hartley's  Ue^iinent  : 

L"  u'.  l*aul  l*arker  \o  he  a  Captain  in  the  Room  of  Capt. 
Kelly,  *lee«'asetl  the  5)th  of  Hepteniher,  1777. 

Lieut.  Horatii)  Ross  to  he  a  ("aptain  Do.  of  ('apt.  Hopes, 
killeil  lUh  September.  1777. 

Lieut.  .James  l"\)rrester  to  hea  (^iptain  in  Po.  of(;!apt.  McAll- 
ister, resijjned  the  11)"'  (»f  Nov«'niher,  1777. 

Second  Lieut.  Walker  to  be  a  first  Lieut,  in  Do.  of  Lieut. 
Hu^jhes,  declin<'d  servinf.cthe  1st  ,Fune,  1777. 

'.Id  Tjieut.  Isaac  Sweeney  ti>  be  a'  Do.  of  Jjieut.  Parker  pro- 
moted t)th  S.'ptr,  1777. 

2d  Iji«'\it.  Henry  (barberry  to  be  a.  l>o.  in  Do.  of  Lieut.  Ross, 
pr<^mott»d. 

'^d  fiieut.  Kichelbarf;»>r  to  bea  1)»>.  in  Do.  «)f  liieut.  Dill,  killed 
the  IDth  Septemb,  I7r7. 

','d  Lieut.  William  Clemm  to  be  a  first  Lieut,  in  Do.  of  Lieut. 
Forrester,  prouu»ted  the  HHh  November,  1777. 

l^usi^n  Georjfe  Hilleary  to  be  a  Secon«l  liieut.  in  Do.  of  Mr. 
Walker,  Lieut. ,  promoted  1st  June,  1777. 

Knsi^n  J<»hn  Mahon,  a  '3d  liitMit..  in  Room  of  Mr.  liieut. 
Sweeney,  promoted  tln>  11th  Septem'r,    1777. 


THK  PKNN8YIiVANIA  LINK. 


'm 


KdnI^ii  ViuOh'I  l)<)rH«'y  in  a  2(1  Lieut,  in  Itooin  of  Lhsut. 
ChMiiiii,  pnniKilcd  iht"  l\H\i  i»f  Novciii  r,  1777, 

III  Tlii^s*'!  (WiH^H  iDiii'kt'd,  ('oiiiiiiisNtoiis  huv«>  Ix'fii  iilri>a<iy 
(.^rantod.  (NiiuiiiisHiotiN  an*  (IcMirt'd  in  tlfr  oIIhth.  When  tho 
Majority  Ih  to  hn  filled  ('apl.  Harnel  Kicln-llM'ix*'''.  Hen'rCap- 
(itiii,  liiis  IHh  ('oiiiiniHHioii  dated  the  I'^th  .laiiiiry,  1777.  C'tipt. 
William  NieliollH  Ikih  IiIh  (JoiniiilKHioii  dat<^<i  the  lillli  of  Juii- 
iiary  ;  their  appoint  iiieiilH  were  tlu*  13lh  of  January. 

J)«(5eiulH)ryo  lOth,  1777. 

TifOH.  Hahtmcy, 
(^(ipt.  Camin'ff  JMff, 

Th««  CoiiiiiiiHHioiiH  for  flrHt  Lieutenant  Wiliiain  C'leinin  and 
He<'.oiid  liieulenant  Va<diel  Dorney  filled  up'J7th  l)e»reiiil>er,  1777. 

[KudorHe<l|  ArranKtuiieiit  for  C«d.  Ilartiey'N  lieginit.  2Uth 
I).«e,em»i.,  1777. 

CoiuiuH.  grunted  ttxcept  the  inujorit  y  not  yot  Hcttled. 


SRVIONTH  KK(aMENT-l777. 

Return  of  ofTloc^r.s    Helons^otf  to  tlie  7tli   Ponn'a  Regiment 
to  fill  the  vananeieH  in  i^aid  Reginient. 

Lieut.  Andrew  Irvine,  (Japl.  ii.^th  Hept.  lout  In   tlm  Room  of 
('apt.  .lenMiiiuh  Talhot,  I'romoted. 

Lieut.  Kohi'rt  Mcl'htM'Hon,  l.si   Lieut.,  in  the  Room  of  Lieut. 
.TaiueH  Young,  Renigned  Iwt  Hept.  last. 

Li«Mit.  Ale.xr.  RuHsell  iHt  Lieut,  in  t  he  Room  of  Lieut.  Andrew 
IrviiKS  l*romot(Ml  3r»t h  Hept.  hiHt. 

KuHign  JamoH  Millagen  Ai)t.  2d  JiituiT.  in  th(!  Room  of  Lieut. 
MelMierson. 

I^^nHign  John  Medullom,  Ai)t.  2d  Ijieut.  in  the  room  of  Lieut. 
RusHell  MelMierson,  Promoted  2lHt  Hept.  lant. 

Knsign  John  Hughes,  Apt.  2d  Lieut.  2r)th,  dated  2Gth  Sept. 

KnHign  John  Mc(»ee,Apt.  2d  fJeiit.  13thOot.  last  in  the  Room 
of  iiituit.  William  Kayle,  Resigned. 

Saml.  Hay,  MajT' 
JA8.  Chambkiw, 

Cnl  \Ht  Retj.  Cotn'p  Jirfpnrfe. 

I  Kndorsed]  PromotiouH  in  the  7th  Pennsylvania  Regt.  Comma, 
granted. 


( : 


883 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


ARTILLERY  ARTIFICERS-1779, 


A  Return  of  the  ofllcers  &  Privates  of  the  EuliHted  Coinpanics 
of  Artillery  &  Artificers  &  StalY  OtflcerH,  Artiflcerti,  &c. ,  em- 
ployed ill  the  Department  under  tlio  Coinnuind  &  Direction 
of  (^oilo.  Henja.  Flower  of  Artillery  &  Artiiicerw  Coin'y  (ien'l 
Milit'y  8torns,  Dec'r  the  Ist,  1779. 
Col.  Benja.  Flower,  Coni'y  Geu'l  Milt'y  Stores. 
Capt.  I»aac  Coi-en. 
Capt.  Ijieut.  Wni.   E.  Godfrey. 
Lieut.  Anthony  Wright. 
49  Non   CoininisHioned   oflicer.s  and  Privates  doing  duty  as 

Guards  over  tht^  Maga/.i nes, Stores  &  Laboratory  on  the  Wharf. 
2  Tinuuui  making  the  several  art  icles  for  the  use  of  the  Army. 

6  Women,  wives  of  the  Non  Com'd  officers  and  privates. 
Detachment  of  Capt.  Jordan's  Company  under  the  Command 

of  Lieut.  Henry  Stroop. 

12  Aruu)urers. 

13  (^arpenters. 

7  lilacksmiths.  •     .       .  , 

2  Brass  Foiniders. 

1  J)rum  Maker.  ,  , 

1  Cooper.  ^ 

1  Sadler.  >  -  i         ►. 

1  Turner.  '  ,  :,  '  j 

1  Painter.  ' 
4  Women. 

Capt..  Lieut.  Theophilis  Park  acting  as  Captain  and  allowed 
Capt.  s  pay  &  Ration, 
ijjeut.  Alexander  Dow. 

4  Carriers.  .. 

28  Shoe  Makers.  .    '         ,;  ,  ,;' 

3  Sadlers.  ,,     -    .  .       . 
7  White  Smiths.                                        •        .  •   •■    ' 

2  Boys  Accoutrement  makers.  >     .  ;   > 
7  Shoemakers,      ■» 

2  White  Smiths,    -  Drafts  from  diff.  Regts. 

1  Sadler.  ) 

1  Woman. 

James  Lucas,  Adjutant. 

Edward  Bradley,  Q.  M.  Ser't. 

Capt.  Daniel  Joy,  Surveyor  of  Ordnance. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


888 


III- 

Otl 

Il'l 


'■  as 
irf. 

i>y- 

Eind 


('oiiuuctors  Alil'ty  Stores. 


John  H«ui(l«M-son,  Supt.  of  Painting- 

Maj'r  Jonathan  Goslelow,  Coui'y  M'y  Stores. 

Jani(>s  Pearson,  ditto. 

Daniel  Tophani,  ditto. 

Williiun  Tliorn,  Esq.,  l*aynjaster. 

Williuni  (JhaniberH, 

Isaac,  WariKM", 

Il«Miry  Hak<!i-, 

l^Iiiiip  *  ■imisburfj, 

CtiriHt  ian  Staddle, 

RoJxMt  iMeK.'u, 

William  Mcliaui^hlin, 

Fid  ward  Keran, 

William  Knox, 

P.M-<.},Min..  .lon.-s,        j^  (^j^^^^ 

.lohn  J)»!aly, 

Moses  (J^liis«Oing, 

J*atri(!k  Hullivan, 

W«'st()n  Clark. 

Kalph  Hamfonl,  Hnp<Ar't  of  the  White  Smiths. 

Hinion  Murray,  Foreman  of  tlie  Tin  Shop. 

Tli<)n)as  Follett,  pureliaser  of  Skins  and  preparer  of  Drum 
Heads. 

Robert  Elton,  Waf^gou  Master  &  assistant  in  providing  Timber 
for  the  Department. 

(i  Wat^goners.  '^  '     • 


^od 


Return  continued,  being  hired  men  employed  in  Colo.  Ben.ja. 
Flower,  ('om'yGen'l  Mil'y  Stores  Department  at  the  armory. 

Joseph  Perkins,  Superintendent. 

Christopher  Care.  ' 

William  Shephenl. 

Richard  Clark. 

Joseph  Simcock.  , 

Peter  Lessley. 

Reimr.  Jonsserant.  » 

Frederick  Wartoii. 

Charles  Southart. 

William  Clark.  '  •   ' 

James  Smith. 

Thomas  Lawrence.  .      •  ■ 

Williani  Gardiner. 

GlodeUhroe. 

Cotu-ad  Bartling  receives  no  rations. 

Daniel  Trump. 


j^»'*»V; 


384 


THE  PENJJSYLVANIA  LlfJE. 


William  McKinsey 

Samuel  Starn. 

Isaac  Roberts. 

James  Walsh. 

John  Meggs. 

George  Shaw. 

John  Goodman. 

Barney  McKinney. 

Francis  Wigstead,  a  British  Prisoner 

Alexr.  McCook. 

Joseph  Cartwright. 

John  Flinn. 

Joseph  Delavan. 

Jacob  Baldwin. 

Black  Smiths. 
John  McGinley,  Superintepdant. 
John  Cotton. 
Jonathan  Clay. 
George  Hass. 
Jacob  Fry. 
Martin 'Step. 
Edward  Deille. 
Musgrove  Harry. 
Stephen  Smith. 
John  Thompson. 
Andrew  Lachler. 
William  Page. 
Christian  Henry,  Strieker. 
John  Care,  ditto. 

Peter  Beard,     .       ditto. 
Lewis  Buck,  ditto, 

(^harlt's  Hicks,  ditto. 

Francis  Miltz,  Filer. 
Val.  Hoffman,  Superintendant. 
John  Assmus. 
John  Carle,  Strieker. 

Michael  Huntsman,  ditto. 

WheeltDrights. 

Christian  Beackley,  Superintends 

William  Nicholls. 

Amos  Farra. 

Peter  Powell. 

Joseph  Ristine. 

David  EvAns. 

Edward  Riffets, 
« 


y  Assistant  to  the  Wheel wrighta 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


885 


Brass  Pounders. 
James  Byers,  Suijeriiitend't. 
Saniiiel  Purker. 
Mart  ill  Carroll. 
Uierouimus  Warner. 


Buckle  Filers  and  Finishers. 


Abraham  Sciek. 
Abraluiiii  Motauye. 
Thoiuass  (j  lover. 
Finclier  Hellings. 
Battis  Earnest. 

Samuel  Bedford. 
William  Colton. 
John  Pendleton. 

.Joseph  Kennedy. 
Thomas  Murray. 
Archiljald  Stewart. 
Andrew  Olark. 
John  Thumb. 

Alexander  Boyd. 
Ediuond  EdmondSi 
Thomas  Winger. 

John  Metts, 
Conrad  Walters. 
Peter  IMascuer. 

Simon  Mitchell. 
John  Robbiiis. 
John  Cook. 
Robert  Fullerton. 

Jaines  Kelly. 
Joseph  Bowne. 
John  Beaks,  Sen'r. 
.lohii  Beaks,  Jun'r. 
.Tohn  Smalt- 
John  Conway. 
John  Grant. 
Jolin  Hartman. 
25 -Vol.  XV. 


File  Cutters. 


Carpenters. 


Turners. 


Currier.^. 


At  the  Lead  Furnace. 


At  the  Laboratory. 


'>M 

-si 

\  ^ 

y 

It? 

vs 

M^ 

/m 

mH 

3 

W^'\ 

■•  k 

mkBk*si,. 

■1  -p 

•      ■  :  1' 

^^■: 

'H\ 

•J    %, 

"MA  i 

:     \': 


!r»lj. 


380 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


James  McGill. 

Joseph  Craiij. 

Joseph  Boehiii. 

James  Huunuh. 

John  Miller. 

Hugli  McSwain. 

(feorge  Cook. 

William  fetern. 

TliomaH  Page. 

Henry  Jaffet. 

Henry  Havick. 

Patrick  Kelly. 

Felix  Fit/.patrick. 

Thomas  Oliver. 

Casper  Stall. 

John  Hetherington,)  Boatman  or  employ'd  in  the  Labora- 

James  Stewart,  >      tory. 

Baltis  Collins,  cooper. 

Mathias  Folke,  Skinner. 


Casper  Gasner, 
Patk  McGonegal, 
.lohn  Hamilton, 
William  Ileddiu, 
Joseph  White, 


Labourers. 

j  Stocking  Coals,  Sawg.  Timber  and  Various 

I     other  Services  at  the  Ordnance  Yard. 

I 

)_  Attending  at   the  office  Weighing  Iron, 

)"      &c.,  &c. 
John  Bucher,  Sawing  &  split  ing  wood  for  the  Lead  foundry, 

Lodowick  Wen^kler,  Carter.  jj 

Andrew  Kuhn,  ditto. 

Tennis  Lees,  attending  Saw  mill. 

Roger  Teague,     ) „  ,0,        »         c 

T        ,   m  -  (irmding  Ramrods,  files,  &0.,  &0. 

Jose^Mi  Teague,   )  "  •         .' 

Job  Follows,     )  porgy  jj^(,i,  drawing  Steel. 

Wm,  Lummus,  > 

James  McColter,  Millwright.  • 

James  Walsh,  Labourer. 

David  Sheldrake,  wood  cutter.  .j 

George  Howard,        ditto.  ' 

Joseph  Lindsay,     % 

Robert  Fargrave,      Colliers. 

.Tosepli  Lindsay,     ) 

Note  the  Rations  for  the  time  last  mentioned  ;  Men  are  to  l)o 
paid  for  by  Jajnes  Pearson  Com'y  Mil'y  Stores. 

Gentlemen :  The  foregoing  return  is  agreeable  to  your  re- 
quest relative  to  all  Persons  in  my  Department  in  this  city,  who 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


:J87 


draw  from  the  Publicr  Hlon's,  ascurtiiiiiin^  tlioir  ninnhpr.s  an«l 
species  of  Duty,  iiu«l  tlie  re^{uI!ltiollw  they  «h"u\v  l>y  are  the  Re- 
HolveH  of  the  Hoiil.  tlie  Coii^rrss.  Hliould  your  ilouors  wish 
Hiiy  further  Informatiou  1  ishouhl  l)e  reutly  on  uU  occasions  to 
give  it. 

I  have  tlie  Honor  to  be  your 

Obedient  Serv't, 

Bknj.  Flowkr, 
,  Col.  At/,  (f-  A.  Co  in  I/.  Geui.  oj  Mily.  stores. 

To  tlie  Hon.  tlu;  eomniittee  of  Couf^ress,  Will.  <!.  Houston, 
Ed.  Gerry,  T.  Penn. 

Phila,  Dec.  yo,  1779. 

Discharged  from  the  employment  since  the  first  of  Dec'r, 
177J). 
11  Men  from  tlie  Armory. 
1  Assistant  to  the  Wheehvriglit.s. 
3  Brass  Founders. 
5  Carpenters. 
3  Curriers. 
3  Labourers. 

1  Man  attending  tlie  saw  mill. 
3  Colliers. 

2  wood  Cutters. 

William  McLaughlin,  Cond'rof  Mil'y  Stores  to  Oenl  Clin- 
ton's Brigadt^  in  the  western  expedition  is  returned  to  liis 
former  post  at  Albany, 


J" 


REPRESENTATION  AGAINST  MAJOR  RYAN. 


[Note. —Michael  Ryan  appointed  Major  of  lOtli  Pa.,  OctolxT 
23,  1777;  Susj)en(ied  that  week  May  I'J,  1778,  in  consequence 
of  the  following  remonstrance.  ] 

To  his  Excellency  General  Washingt«)n,  Commander  in 
Chief,  &c..  &c. 

May  it  jilease  your  Excellency. 

We  the  Captains  in  the  Pennsylvania  Line  of  the  Army  now 
in  Camp,  beg  leave  to  remonstrate  to  your  Excellency  in  the 
mo&t  respectful  yet  earnest  manner  against  the  unprecedented 
promotion  of  Brigade  Major  Ryan  to  a  Majority  in  the  line 
of  this  state  ;  a  Gentleman  who  never  attaln'd  a  higher  nink 
in  the  Army  than  that  of  a  3d  liieutenant,  which  we  presume 


I'm 

I 


888 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


1  1  lii 


m 


■'■m 


S^lU^. 


li(»   must  havd  resi^nud  wluui  lii'  acet'i)ttMl  hi.s  jipi>()intinent  in 
tho  Stair. 

In  GeiHM'al  OrdcrH  issued  at  middle  Hrook  aud  ropoated  in 
those  of  the  ;31st  of  October  last,  your  Exeelleiicy  was  pU'ased 
to  (hudjire  that  all  Coniudssioned  ollieers  should  rise  regiment- 
ally  acoordiu^  to  seniority  to  the  rank  of  CaptJiins;  and  from 
that  in  the  line  of  the  iState  they  Ixdong  to,  by  Seniority  Also, 
Mill  they  attain  the  rank  of  ('olonel:  exeepl  wher<^  partieular 
ollieers  signali/e  themselves  by  E.xtraordinary  ]\Ieri1,  oj"  where 
others  proA'e  thems'dves  Unworthy  of  preferment.  Wean-  not 
oonseious  of  such  unworthiness  in  our  (jo-:  •■.jct,  nordowecon- 
o.eive  that  Mr.  Liyan,  tho'  no  doubt  a  ^eidleiiuin  of  worth,  has 
signalized  himself  by  any  mtM'it  .so  extraordinary  that  wv  should 
b(!  thrown  a  step  back,  whijehe,  tho'  entirely  out  of  the  line  of 
preferuH'nt,  which  your  Excellency  has  ))een  pleased  to  estab- 
lish, is  created  a  Field  ol!i(!er  over  all  our  heads. 

Exclusive  of  the  good  of  our  Count  ry,  and  the  glory  of  assist  - 
ing  to  establish  the  blessings  of  Liberty  &  Independancc*,  the 
only  recompense  of  our  Services,  as  Individuals,  is  honour  and 
promotion  in  Right  of  Seniority;  both  which  an*  severely 
wounded  in  the  present  Case;  in  losing  these  we  are  deprived 
of  our  rc^ward. 

This  step.  Sir,  is  so  highly  injurious  to  us,  indeed  to  the  young 
Subalterns  of  this  State,  that  we  caiuiot  sui)[)ose  your  Ex- 
cellency was  rightly  informed  of  Circumstances,  antl  therefore 
pray  your  Excellency  to  order  an  Enquiry  by  a  Board  of  ollieers 
into  the  Merits  of  the  (^ase,  orlo  grant  us  such  other  redress 
as  your  Excellency  in  your  wisdum  and  justico  may  thiidv 
proper. 

We  are  with  the  greatest 

Deference  and  Resi)ect, 
.  '   ♦    '  Your  Excellency's 

Most  ol)edt.  hm'l    Servants, 
'/'.  R.    Tiios.  HrTLKU,  Capt.  Hd    P.  R. 
"        Hi<-,.\iiY  Epplk,  Cai't. 

Wm.  CiiAiff,  Cap.  " 

Ei)Wi>.  SKiMii;,  Cap.  4th        " 

"        W.u.  (fuAY,  Caj).  " 

"        Hkn.ix.  FisniJiniN,  Cap, 

J\<>.  Mc(k)WKX,  Caj). 

liKN.IN.  liiiin.  Cap.  " 

Rout.  (U)\NKiii-Y,  Cap.        " 

,lx(».  Mkans,  Caj). 

J  NO.  CiiiiYHTiK,  Cap.  5th     " 

HHN.TN.  1Uhtiioi,omkw.  CoJ).  " 

JOHKl'H  Ill>VlN,  Cap.  Wt. 


J  AS.  GUTKR,   (^apf. 

J  AS.  I'Aim,  Caj)t.  " 

Wm.  WiLsox,  Capt. 

SAMti.   ('llAlif,  Capf. 
Jno.  MaTskx,  Cup.  " 

Jas,  WiijSon,  Cap.  " 

Jno.  Pattkhson,  C(t2).  2(1  " 
Jacob  Ashmkap,  Cap. 
Jno.  Hankson,  Cap,  " 

Chiiihtn  Stuadplk  Cap.  " 
Thos.  H.  Moouk.  Cap.  :k/ " 
Jah.  Chhyhtkk,  Cap.  -hi  " 
Jno.  McCowkn,  Cap.  iiUi   " 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Waltkr  ('ruisk,  (Jap.     P.  R.  Jos.  Mo^LKhiiAN,   Cap.      1 

Jas.  Wattchi,  Cap.  "  Tifos.   li.  liowKN,  (Jap. 

JACIOH  MOSKII,    (kij).  "  Jno.   (fltyVNT,   (Uip. 

Jno.  McDowkijL, f Vr/>.7//i  "  J\o.    Davis,  r^^;. 

J  NO.  ALKXANDKII,    (!<lp.      •'  SAMIi  J>\wso\,  T'ay;.   11 /A 

Pr»u"'i'  \Vi  l.vii  >v      Clin  "  W\l      Scri.I.      (\in 


p.  11 

i4 


Rout  Wi  i-so.N,  ('(i/>.  "         W.m.  Scim,,  rv^/.  " 

A.\l)i{'w  Erwin,   Cdj).         "         .J.No.  M Auuis,  Jr.,  ('(ip. 
Sam'i.  MliJiKH,  <>/;>.  Hth    '•     Hknry  McKiNM.;Y,r'«y>.  12<//  " 
Mattiikw  Jack,  rv^/A        "        Nk.holas  MihLKR,  rv//;. 
J\o.  Hrady,  Caj).  "        (iKO.  Ross,  Cap.   Wlh 

N.  H.     A  true  ( !<>!»>■  from  tlic  Ori^jiiml. 

[Eiu]orst'(l|  RKi)r('Heutution  ag't  Ryaii'w  Promotion. 


THE  GERMAN  REGIMENT- 1778. 


Roll  of  Capt.  Charlt^s   Haltzrl's    ('om'y,  CitTiiiaii    R«'Kt.,  (!oin- 
niaiuU'd  by  Lt.  (^ol.  Wcltncr.     Sept,  Dtli,  1778. 


Heroeants. 


IL'ury  Spuck,  July  15,  177(J. 
Willlm  Trux,  July  21,  1770. 
John  Col.',  July  10.  1770. 
John  Ilering,  July  JiO,  1770. 


Corporals. 


Philip  Bwiu,  July  ;W.  1770. 
John  Trux,  July  21,  1770. 
Patrick  Kellev,  July  UO,  1770. 


Drummei 


Benja.  Enyland,  July  lo,  1770. 


Fiff^r. 


Jehu  Hrowii,  July  28,  1770. 


Privates 


Peter  Knoiso,  July  10,  1770. 
John  Miller,  July  21,  1770. 
.Jacob  VVa>{>.jon«'r.  .luly  21,  1770. 
Conrad  Heain,  .hily  21,  1770. 
.Jacob  Hhit/,  Au«.  12.  1770. 


M 


^.^ 


.litO 


TlIi;  PKNNSYLVANIA  LJJS'E. 


li«'\vis  lMo,('<)l(Migli,  Au^;.  2,  1770. 


J 


lilies 


Hill- 


Jul 


V  '2S.  i:7(! 


Miclit'I  Cnisli,  July  ].*»,  177U. 
(1lirisl<)rSt'ttl<'iuy»>r.  Jul\   17,  1770." 
JN'ter  I'iiih'cl,  Au^'.  :!0,   177(i. 
Coiinul  Rfily,  July  !31,  1 770. 
Duiiit"!  liiiiliir,  Au>^.  ."),  ]770. 
John  Shirk,  Aug  7,  J77(i. 
I'red'k  Mouwall.  July  '^*3,  1770. 
<.iio(lfi-i»l  lijiwly,  Juiy'JS.  1770. 
Matins  Sliroycr,  .)uly',M,   1770. 
(Christ.  Smith,  Oct.  1,  1770. 
Johu  UowtT,  July  23,  1770. 
Adaui  ShallVr,  Aug".  5,  1770. 

John  ('uHrss, . 

Ji»hu  l^.tiiklin,       — . 
.lohn  KfiHlrifU,  IMiiy  20,  1778. 
James  Champness,  May  0,  1778. 
(leorgc  Huch,  IMay  4,  1778. 

Atlam  Mullcr,  April  ;]0.  1778. 

Williaui  Vnu'cnt,  May20.  1778. 

Stephen  I\re(fin)Uf{h,  April  21,  1778. 

>Villiaui  Ne\  iuK,  May  11).  1778. 

Tlios.  Woolfonl,  iMay  l."t.  1778. 

Janu's  Stil»'s,  May  la,  1778. 

Peter  Hiuholdimiy.  May  20,  1778. 

U'.chanl  Ha/.iip,  April  24,  1778. 

Uotar.l  I'orter,  May  I.'),  1778. 

\Viirm^Iuniart,  April  2"),  1778. 

Htich  McKay,  INIuy  VX  1778. 

Johu  Amesley,  April  27,  1778. 

Johu    Staidu,  May  2.  1778. 

John  Heup.'t,  May  18,  1778. 

John  Hoiich,  April  1,  1778. 

Thouias  Ha/,ei\voo,l.  May  2,  1778. 

lienj.   Klletr,  May  20,  1778. 

Covnelius  (.^uinliu,  Feb.  20,  1778. 

Philip  Tit /pat  rick,  :\!ay  28.  1778. 

Francis  Canies,  .June  1,  1778. 

Charles  Ton.-.  Mav  22,  1778, 

Jauies  Knery,  July  18,  1770.  s 

SainiU'l  Partes,  April  2.").  1778. 

Jacob  Hallick,  .luiy  8,  1770. 

ClIAULKH  ■RALT/.KL,   Cfipt. 
RoU  of  Capt.  Palt/el  ("omp'y  in  the  German  Kejjt.,  Sopt.  Dili. 

1778. 


I 


THE  PENiSaVLVAiNlA  LINE. 


»01 


A   Koil   of  Cai>t.  Jncol)  Huuium-'h  Comp'y,  Ucrnuui   Regt.   of 
Contiuoutal  Troop8,  (Join'il  by  Lt.  (Jol.  VVeltner. 


PrltT  (iiihrial. 
Ja(',()l>  Wiscrt. 
Jlciiry  Winklor. 

l*liilip  81)v«ulor. 
M«Miry  Moscr. 
KichM  Hhihlor. 
Audw.   Deal. 

F.   Miiltz. 


Sei'(/i;(inLs. 


Corporals. 


Dnimmer. 
Pi'iDates. 


Houry  Ilaniinick. 

Frcdk.  J)»'ats. 

Tlii()(l(»ri'  nartmand. 

llt'iiry  Snider. 

ISInrlin  HydhT. 

F.  llaiiU.  y.  July  10,  1776. 

IMiilip  Hliaw. 

Will.  llyiiwH. 

Fnilk.   Hirsh. 

Lcnrd  (farliiiKer. 

Kicird  ytonor. 

Pt'dro  Houscy. 

Con'tl  Uaiik. 

Jacob  Myt'V. 

(fcio.  Platcnberger. 

J  no.  Koiscr. 

Pliilip  K.  rr,  May  21,  1778. 

(ivo.  Key  ball,  May  12,  177a 


Bkunaud  Hublky,  Lt. 


A  Iloli  of  T'apt.  P»>tor  Boyi'v's  Coinp'y,  Gorman  Rt'«'t,  Conti- 
nental Troops,  tJoiuinancU'd  by  Lt.  Col.  Weltner. 


(Christ "n  Kleckuer. 
Geo.  Lnft. 

.Jacob   Wontz. 
.Iii(M)l)  Mayer. 

John  Hart. 


Serjeants. 
Corporals. 
Itrnmmer. 


I 


i** 


90d 


Jo».   AloxaiidtT. 


THE  PKNNSYrA'AxMA  LINE. 
Mfer. 

I'nvuteit, 


Piv.rii  Ulvi'ly. 
Hoiiry  yhul(>r. 
Jtu'ol)  Hhi'ium*. 
llfury  lioar. 

(.Ml  n  mmt. 

Frctl'k  l\«M'l<». 

rnnrU  l>i<lii»>j;i>r. 

Mn.(h'H  lliiit'lmrt. 

Jacob  HotoiiMT. 

IMiilip  Lat'h. 

WiM.   Kirl.v 

(Mi'ii  h«M(ly 

liiiii.   Hr<M>Uh»)w.so 

.lolin  Wiodniaii. 

.lat'ol)  (Jnitnly. 

Nioli's  W«'nu'r. 

TIjos.  Wholor. 

.Iiio.  Firmiro. 

1,V>mM  Uorhai't. 

Ch'ti  FliMsh. 

Daii'l  Oopjil.  July  IS.   I7T<!. 

Jjun(>s  (loliooil,   Au^?.   i;),  177«. 

Mich  I  Finuick. 

lV»(or  (\)ppu». 

l>av«l  Pr('xh>r. 

Martin    Sliudy. 

H«'nry  Dcbcrrin^;,  July  l!l. 

Jno.  SanlittM".  .Inly   id,  1770. 

l">av''l  Mloom,  .Inly  ;?0. 

Itoo.   K«»rtvti(«'r. 

Oil's  Christ luau,  .Inly  ;10. 


P.  noYKH,  Copt. 


A  Roll  of  Capt.  (Jt'O.  H»ihW>y's  <\>iiipany  of  Contiiufutal  ForcMvs 
ill  tlio  Service  of  thf  ITuit.'il  States  of  Aiut'ricu,  ComM  liy 
Lt.  CoJo.  WfUiior.  • 

iier()ennt  Miijor. 

Geo.  Frauois,  Nov.  1,  177ti. 

Scrfleaiits. 
Johi\  .Tohnstone,  Nov.  4,  1770. 
Lewis  Uoiskly,  August,  1770.  • 


V  ^i| 


• 

TIIK  I'KNNHYLVAMA  LlNli. 

am 

<'ori>itrulH. 
Ii«'wls  nrowiiHhfMy,   July  21,  177(;, 
<J<'<..  FiiiiU,  July  'iO,  177(1. 

• 

I>itimimi\ 
IwruMl  JtuikiiiH,  Oct.,   1770. 

J'riiuUi's. 

Kf.in.l..^     1.11 1.          t..l..     Kl         •n..^.. 

.  . . 

laniiiiH  Floii^ri,,  July  i;j^   177,} 
<<»'<».   I, inn,  July  iil,   I  mi. 
JiMMil.  ViHlcr,  July  llH,  177(1. 
Adiiiii  N«'ltln,  July  'j;»,   177(1. 
(JliiiH)'ii  .M.'ucli.'i-,  July'J.'t,  1770 
Joliii  III  uuli<ii-<l,  Au^^   I,   177(1. 
J.u-ol)  Thills,  Aujf.  .1,   1770. 
John  Kiih  (,  i\u>f,  7,  1770. 
(MiiisI  n   Hake,  Auk-  2M,   1770. 
ThoM.  Turu.-r,  Sept.   I,  177(;. 
ll<'iiry  Doniiuick,  Hcpi.  'I,  1770. 
CliriHl'u  H)i,k»«r,  Nov.  r»,   1770. 
<M'o.  MniiHcl,   Nov.  2,  1770. 
.lolin  ('nine. 
l{oh<>i't  Htroutl. 
I'!iilip  Donoclioi'. 
John  UvnIkmOvci". 
John  Kcphtii'd. 
.John  Huydcr,  Auf?.  lU,  1770. 
iMiit  hins  lifiit'. 
('aspcr  Inrulo,  Au^f.,  I77(J. 
HiinMuinK   Muitd,  .July  10,   1770 
(JhiiHlii.  HyiM-ly,  ani»t.  .'»,  1770. 


(ip.it.   Ill  IJIJOV,  Captain. 


Roll  of  tlio  1st  V^icaul  (Company,  (icnmni  lU-^'i,  CoiuniandtMl 

by  Ll.  Colo,  W.-Kii.T. 

iSf  rt/eant. 
(i.'or^o  |»ri(H',  2  Jiiu.-,  1770. 

Ciif/jordf. 
Frnd'k  Wilhalin,  [\  Aii^'.    177(1. 

I'rimfe.s. 
John  I'ai'tiuT,  Aiij;.  !!,  1770. 
John  Hmit  h,   May  1,  1770. 
IMiilip  (riliiian,  Jun«' H,  1770. 
Kv.'i-harl  Mv.t,  .S.'pt.   1,  1770. 
Ptitiick  Ili««ins,  Nov.  1,  177fl, 


.J' 


u 


:m.u. 


304 


THK  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


.lolui  CristtiiHii,  -\ii),'.  n,    1770. 

IL'iirv  ("iippUs  Oct.   I,  177(!;  on  cat tl«'(^iiii.nl. 

IMnlip  Ciilu'l,  An>,'.   I,  I77ti. 

ir«'ury  Hiv«*r«,  .hiiif  10,  177(;. 

.IiicDh  Mi^Laiii,  .June  "J'.t,  1770. 

Abi'uluini  PriiM^,  Aujj;.  U. 

Hkniiy  Maa(»,   Kiisfffii. 

I  Endorst'il]  Coinpany  Roll  of  llm  1st  Vacant  i'oiiipaiiy,  Git 
iiitiu  Uo/{iiiu>nt  ('oiiiM  by  Ll.  (^>lo.  Wtiltin^r. 


Roll  of  th»>  8(>o-on(l  Vacant  Tonipany  iit  tlio  German  Rej»i'>ienf 
i»f  (%>iit  intMital  Portujs  (joiiniiatuled  by  Lit»ut.  Colonol  Ijud- 
wicii.  Wi'ltntM'. 

tSer  (/cants. 
.Taoob  lio^v     "      ,    «.  1770. 
Henry  H' .    i,  .]     iv  30,  1770. 
J<;ui  Leather,  An^'.  o,   1770. 

..  Corporals. 

.Tesey  llonshitt,  July '27.  17i0. 
John  Shatz,  July  '.'it,  177(1. 
Christoth'l  Stanilly,  Jniy  lit,  1770. 

Pn'mtcii. 

.lolni  Washtel,  July  ;U),  1770. 

l*»>tt'r  Auirick,  July  '^'),  1770. 

Peter  Cuutz,  July  'J.'),  1770. 

.lacol)  Miller,  Jr.,  July  'Jo,  1770. 

Anilrew  Rolter.xon,  J  iily '2.'),  1770. 

.Foini  Clint',  An}jj.  11,  1770. 

H.'M  Corley,  Aui,'.  22,  1770. 

lifvi  ArroM.  April  'J',\  1770. 

Henry  Herrin.  July  2'>,  1770. 

Pliilip  Stoter.  Au},'.  11,  1770. 

Eilwaril  Roberson,  July  r.'.'),  1770. 

Miehel  Moser,  Julv  ;'.0.  1770. 

.lai'ob  Crjiuiiuer.  .)uly  lit,   1770. 

Ji>hn  iVbel,  July  11),  1770. 

Martain  Wai/.Uins    July  lit,  1770. 

Michel  Moser,  July  '^0,  1770. 

Jaeob  Sinatlron,  .\pril  'Jl,  1770.  . 

Ru.lolph  :\Iarole.  July  'J1,  1770. 

Catuer  Hill,  Feb.  27,  177«.  *        •. 


1 


.^'"i' 


TIIK  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


880 


Will.  Taylor,  An^'.  20,  1770. 
H.'itrl  l')io^i'\,  July  :il,  177<!, 
I'.'Icr  IIiiIht,  .July  :il,  17Ttl. 
U-.li.'i-l,  Dill,  July  Ml,  177(1. 
I'liiiip  I'MsluT,  Aug.  I,  I77<). 
'riHdiiiis  IMcliohi'v,   April  2,  1778. 

.Inliii  Dull \pril  '22,   177«. 

Michel  ILirtliiiaii,  April  „»(»,  1770. 
Jiicoh  Miller.   July   .',),   l';7(;. 
.)a(M>l(  Iticknot^el,    i\ll^,^   1,  177(!. 
.loliii  Snider,  i\u^;.   1,  ir7<». 
lleiiry  (.'roiiise,    Au^^    1,   1770. 
Leinmrd  liOilwiciU,  Aiif^.  :],  1770. 
Lii(l\vi<rk  Wisiiijr,.].^  Aiij;.    1.  177«{. 
.loliii  Ziiiierniaii,  July  25,  177<l. 
(Jounul  Housinan,  July  2."),  I77»i. 
Adam  Kintner,  July  1i>,  177(1. 
Michel  St  oner,   Jidy  lU,  177(5. 
HiMiry  Fisher,  April  21,  177H. 
Kredk.  Shoemaker,  May  «,  1778. 
.Fames  l)ayl«M-.    April  27,  177«. 
John  Malodi^v,  May  2.  1778. 
JameH  JoiiKtoii.   May  211,  1778. 
Charles  l<\>lleii,  April  2:J,  1778. 
Tiios.  M(*imiiey,  Mny  i:},   1778. 
Ah'XvSmilh,  May  20.  1778. 
John  W'a.le,  Mav  5,  1778. 
John  llumore,   INfay  12,  177H. 
.lohii  TimWIer,  April  20.  177H. 
<niristo(iel   Kepliii),n'r,  June  IH,  1778. 
Philip  Heiikel,  June  IH,  1778. 
TIm),s.  Colhous.  .June    IH,  177M. 
.Xhriiliiim  Miller,  .rune  ]H,  1778. 
ParnliMiu  I{»'dnour,  June  18.  1778. 
Jacob  Alexander,  January  28,  1778. 


WiiiMAM  Rick,  Limt. 


A  lioll  of  the  Tliird  Vacant  ("ompyiii  the  (leriiutu  Ile{,''t  of 
Conl  inental  Fomes  in  tlic  Service  ,,f  tlu;  United  Stutus.Com'd 
l>y  J.ieut.  (y'ol.  Lewis  Weltner. 

Nfit'f/vfints'. 

Win.  RuiiK'lson,  .July  12,  177(!. 
Fred 'k  SoUars,  .July  2!),  177(1. 
<ieo.  StuuUer,  July  !J0,  1770. 


.*^ 


f  A 


:^'^|i 


306 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Corporals. 


Joseph  Hook,  July  31,  J77G. 
Jacob  Etter,  July  15,  1770. 
Win.  Krafft.  July  27,  1770. 


Adam  Mattrell. 


Mich'l  Smith. 


Drummer. 


Fifer. 


S'.-4: 


Privates. 

Mich']  Crowley,  Aii^'.  15,  1776. 
Jolin  Shi  in,  July  30,  1770. 
Fred'k  Win.  Haller,  July  18,  1770. 
John  Shaffer,  July  29,  1770. 
Wolfgang  Elzberger,  July  17,  1770. 
Vendle  Lorantz,  July  20,  1770. 
(ieo.  Lightheiser,  Aug.  20,  1776. 
Jacob  Meiley,  Aug.  11.  1770. 
.John  Schryock,  July  lOJ  1770. 
Josei)h  Stricter,  July  17,  1776. 
Henry  Rumfelt,  July  17,  1776. 
Rndi>lph  Crower,  July  15.  1770. 
P(MHlinant  Lorantz,  July  15,  1770. 
Jacob  Myer.s,  July  20,  1770. 

IMiilip  Kantz,  July  20,  177G. 

Henry  Smith,  July  25,  1770. 

Paul  Estin,  July  30,  17ro. 

Geo.  Crethorn.  Aug.  2,  1770. 

David  Fink,  Aug.  7,  1770. 

Jos.  WilliainH,  Aug.  23,  1770. 

John  Smith,  Aug.  15,  1770. 

Johu  R'  Dyche,  July  14,  1776. 

Thos.  Laranidt,  Aug.  25,  1770. 

Martin  l..anz,  July  15,  1770. 

Geo.  Rittlemys,  Sept.  10,  1776. 

Jacob  Iluppert,  July  15,  1770. 

Godlieb  Danroth,  Aug.  2,  1776. 

Geo.  Good,  Juno  19,  1778. 

Mathias  Smith. 

Wm.  Rider. 

Wni.  Mallins. 

B(Mij'n  Cole. 

Timothy  Cahill. 

Robert  Smith. 

<'ornelius  Vaughan. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


397 


Cliristian  (Jastner.  . 

Will.  Pope. 

Jacob  KaiilTiiian,  April  10,  1778. 

Thos.  Proctor,  April  4,  1778. 

RichM  Gaul,  April  10,  1778. 

.Joliii  Hliiveley,  May  1,  1778. 

Thos.   Halfpenny,  April  22,  1778. 

Wni.  .Johnston,  May  1(5,  1778. 

Jolni  Hi(!liar(ls,  June  3,  1778. 

AllHM-t  Hendricks,  June  18,  177a 

Philip  Bates,  June  18,  1778. 

Geo.  Arnold,  June  18,  1778. 

John  Fenneil. 

Jacob  Feyniiller,  July  15,  1776. 

Miciri  Kershner,  July  IG,  1770- 

John  Harley,  July  19,  1776. 

David  Muninia. 

Abr'ni  Frantz. 

Antliony  Miller,  July  20,  1776. 

.lames  Murphy. 

Mautix  Shuqaut,  TAeut. 

[Endorsed]  Return  of  Tliird  Vacant  Company  in  the  German 
Rej^im't,  Commanded  by  Lieut.  Colo.  Lewis  Weltuer,  Esq. 


Roll  of  the  fourth  vacant  Comp'y  in  the  German  Refj't  of  (Con- 
tinental Forces,  Commanded  l)y  Lieut.  Colouel  Lewis  Welt- 
nei". 

Sergeants. 

Jacob  Hose,  Aug.  11,  1776, 
John  .Taquit,  July  21,  1776. 
William  Lewis,  July  16,  1776. 


I        J-  tli 


Corporals. 

Barned  Frey,  July  26,  1776. 
John  Hreecher,  July  17,  177((. 
John  Michael,  July  16,  1776. 
Adam  Stonebreaker,  Aug.  22,  1776. 

Drummer 
Moses  McKensey,  April  2,  1778. 

Ftjer. 
Joshua  MoKensey,  April  20,  1778. 


,kM 


B:«iV 


-.-y-'?^ 

^    m^'" 


fl  ■!->       '  [( 


898 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Privates. 
Henry  Stroaiii,  July  17,  1770. 
Joliil  Flick,  Au|^.  2,  177(1. 
H»!nry  Miduiel,  Aiif,'.  23,  1770. 
Meldluu-  Hiniier,  July  17,  1770. 
Jacoi)  Klein,  Aug.  1,  1776. 
Jonathan  Hacket,  July  18,  1776. 
Mi(!lia,el  CaniUn?,  July  30,  1770. 
Thounis  Clifton,  Aug.  3,  1770. 
Micliat^  Bowanl,  July  17,  1776. 
John  CrofTt,  July  27,  1770. 
John  Kibler,  Aug.  H,  1770. 
Christ.  Wagner,  Aug.   10,  1770. 
John  Smith,  July  27.  1770. 
Patrick  FUuuniing,  Aug.  9,  1770. 
JVIathiaH  Keiser,  Aug.  Hi,  1770.    . 
Mioliael  Weaver,  July  19,  1770. 
George  Rigglenian,  xVug.  18,  1776. 
John  Haltiiehl,  Aug.  13,  1770. 
Conrail  Hogle,  July  20,  1770. 
Christ.  Reaser.  July  27,  1770. 
Henry  Panther,  July  27,  1770. 
James  Duncan,  July  10,  1770. 
George  Wilhelm,  July  17.  1770. 
John  Etnier,  July  10,  1770. 
Philip  Tinu)thy,  Aug.  2,  1770. 
Jacob  Hisliop,  July  20,  1770. 
Alexander  Sailor,  July  28,  1776. 
Jacob  Heefner,  Aug.  18,  1770.     . 
John  Smlthley,  Aug.  2,  1770. 
f  rederick  Locher,  Aug.  5,  1770. 
Michael  S-oekley,  July  22,   1770. 
Henry  Quir,  July  18,  1770. 
John  Cropp,  Aug.  11.  1770. 
Henry  Stattler,  Aug.  4,  1770. 
George  Gitting,  July  28,  1770. 
Jacob  Beltzhoover,  July  20,  1770. 
Jacob  Masser,  ]May  12,  1778. 
Richard  Oquin,  May  1,  1778. 
James  Ashley,  April  3r),  1778. 
James  Smith,  May  30,  1778. 
Tliomas  Rowlands,  June  18,  1778. 
George  Bantz,  June  18,  1778. 
Philip  Fisher,  A  ug.  9,  1778. 
Frederick  Filler,  July  9,  1778. 
Francis  Cuvin,  Aug.  4,  1778. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


890 


James  Furnier,  July  20,  1778. 

Frederick  Sweitzer, .J uly  IG,  n"H. 

John  Arinstroiif,',  July  27,  1778. 

Henry  Tonini,  July  27,  1778  ;  wounded. 

Jjieol)  Hoover,  , I  Illy  1(},  1778  ;   wagoner.  , 

Henry  Wugner,  Aug.  5,  1778. 

Christian  Mykr,  Lieut. 

[Endorsed]  Roll  of  the  fourth  Vacant  (Jonip'y  in  the  Gernum 
Reg't,  Coni'd  by  Lieut.  Colo.  Weltner. 


Company  Roll  of  the  ilth  vacant  Company,  (Terman  Regiment, 
Commanded  by  liieut.  ('ol.  Lewis  Weltner. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Michael  Hoyer. 

Heroeants. 
Michael  Hans,  Aug.  IG,  1770. 
Fredk  Lmdeman,  Aug.  21,  1770. 
David  Diifenderfer,  Aug.  25,  1770. 

Corporals. 

,Iohn  Weyjind,  Aug.  3i>,  1770. 
Fred'k  Siperil,  Aug.  H),  1770. 

Drummer. 
Geo.  Facundus,  May  4,  1777. 

Fifer. 
Frances  Bordignon,  Oct.  2.  1770. 

Privates. 
Francis  Mulz.  Aug.  5,  1770. 
Philip  Cline,  Aug.  0,  1770. 
Michael  Runinud,  Aug.  9,  1770. 
Marc  Miller,  Aug    1!),  1770. 
John  Brunner,  Aug.  IS),  1776. 
John  Soene,  Aug,  21,  1770. 
Ch'nKuhn,  Aug.  24,  1770. 
John  Kochenderfer,  Aug.  20,  1770. 
Philip  Moyer,  Sept.  :5,  1770. 
Geo.  Strauss,  Sept.  8,  1770. 
James  Halfi)enny. 
Ditrick  Hanick. 
Geo.  Keller. 
Thomas  Keen. 
Geo.  Smith. 


:j. 


it   ! 


if  mm 


100 


THK  PKNNSYI.VANIA  LIiNK. 


II. 'my  Sw.'tlif,  April  l»r.  17?;. 
A<lniii  :Sl<.||,  .\|Mil  'J7.  1777. 
Tol.ias  II. 'ss.  April  ','7,  1777. 
IN'I.T  M.ty.T,   i\l(iy  'J  I.   1777. 
A. lam  Sp.-ct,  April '^7,  1777. 
(Ici).  (iriilx-r. 
Hi'iiry  llcrrj^ro.nl. 
'  RTirliacl  li.'ss. 
(^as]».>r  Wnp^.m.M'. 
IMiilip  ll.'h.'r.  Aiij;.  0,  1770. 
Abrani  Out  (on.  An^;.    I,   1770. 
IltMiry  iSliaiih,  May  <.»,  1777. 
Amlrcw  Hawk.>,  April  37,  1777. 


Mll'HAKIi  UoYKii,  Lieut. 


!t 


^PP 


HTATH  RKlflMENT  OF  ARTILLKKY 


m 


I       ,■ ,  ■■» 


G«M».'ral    rt'lnni  of   tho   I'l'iinsylvunia   Stat.'     Uof^inu^its       ' 
Artili.'ry,  (<oiiiiiian<l(>d    by  Ct)luiii?l    Thonuus    ]'n)ctor,    1<> 
Takfii  April  ;?.l,  1771). 

[lidlih-,  plavf  of  hirthy  date  of  coinniissinn.] 

Thomas   l*roc»«>r.    Co1oim»I.    County   Lt)ii>^fonl,    Inland,    Voh- 

niary  ."i,  ir77. 
Thos.  Forri'st,l\lajor,  Philadt'lphia  count y.Poiiiisylvania,  March 

I         1    I     <     (. 

Nath'n  l\Iatjuin>,  P.  M.,  ('ounty  Foruumaf^li,  Tn^land,  March  !J, 
,1777. 

<l(or.>  HoiTiu'r,  Adjutant,  Pounsylvai\ia,  April  11,  1777. 

Win.  Atlanis,  Surgeon,  Ireland,  April  J,  1777. 

,r.  H.  Webster,  Quarternnister,  C»>unty  York  Shire,  England, 
November  1,  1777. 

John  Morti>n,  S.  Mate,  Philadeli)hia  county,  Pennsylvania, 
February  11,  1778. 

Isaac  Craijj.  Captain,  County  Antrim,  Ireland,  March  14,  1777. 

Laur.  Alhuan,  1st  Lieutenant,  Philadelphia  county,  Pennsyl- 
vania, April  1.  1777. 

Jam.e.s  Lloyd,  ad  Tiieutenant,  Pennsylvania,  March  14,  1777. 

John  Strucker,  3d  Lieutenant,  Maryland,  April  1,  1777. 

Amos  Wilkinson,  Captain,  Pennsylvania,  March  14,  1777. 

Thorns.  Douglass,  Lieutenant,  Ireland,  April  1,  1777. 


h' 


TIIIO  PI-iNNSVIA'ANJA   l<INK. 


401 


i!5. 


til 


la. 


Josoph  llicn,  Cjipliiin,  Pmiisylviinin,  Miin-li  M,  1777. 

U()l>l.  McC'oiiiM^I,  JjiiMil(>ii(i,iit,< 'oiinty  howii.  1  ri>lniHl,Murcli  11, 

1777. 
J'oliii  Hhiilp,  liii'iitpiiMiil ,  IN'iiiiHylviitiiu,  April  1,  l'(77. 
Knin'M  I'rocilor,  Cnpliiiii,  >i<>vn   H<'<>(  in,  Jiilv  J(t,  1777, 
I'at'U   Diiiroy,   (.'iipliiiii,  < 'oiiiit  y  Loii^l'tml,    Irciiiiid,   Mmcli  M, 

1777. 
,1no.  nry<M>,  Ciiptiiiii  Jiiciit<Miaiil .  Scodmul,  Mnrch  M.   1717. 
Holil.  (;(»!( mail,  Cnpluiii   liit-utfimiit,  <'<>iin(y  YorkMliire,   Kiijj- 

IiumI.  Miircli  II,  1777. 
J«'is.si>  (JroMsicy,  lii<'iiti>iiant ,  I'miisylviiriia.  .\pril  1,  1777. 
Worwlry  Kiiios,  (Itiptuiii  IjiiMilrtiaiit,  (Jotinly  Drvonshin',  ICii^- 

iaiitl,  Oct.  T),  I77r.. 
AliaH  Williaiiis,  Hiu'^^ruul,  N«'\v  ( 'aHilc  (roimty,  J>«>Ia\vHr«',  l'\fl».1», 

1777. 
TliomaM  AVi^?^;inH,^^^•l•^;^Hllt ,  IMiila(if'lpliiar()Hiity,l'fiiiiHylvuiiia, 

May  :i,   1777. 
Haiii'l  Hhuikwofxl,  Hi'r{.j('a?il,  Halt-iii  roMiily,  N«nv  Jerndy, March 

,   lilt. 
Win.  (lark,  ('orporal,  C'oiinty  L.  Dcrry,  Ircjaiid,  May  15,  1777. 
Win.   Ilnshworm,  ('orporal,  Naiinoinon  county,   Virj^iiiia,  Vi'\>. 

3,  177U. 
Jiio.  Harris,  Uoiiiliardirr,  Halciii  county.  New  Jersey,  April  10, 

1777. 
Jno.  Wilks,  Uiinn(M%  (Anility  ffloHt('r,    Kn^land,  Oct.  5,   177G. 
Jas.  Fit/.iinons,  (rnniicr,  bounty  Annii(^h,  I  rdand,  May  12,  1777. 
.Tas.  Harns,  Scn'r,  Mall  r()ss,(  loimly  Dcwn,  ln'land,May  i;5, 1777. 
Tlios.   Diinlap,  Mattross,  Dublin,  Ireland,  April '..',  1777. 
TinioHiy  Jjane,  Mjittross,  (U)utity  C^irk.  Ireland.  J>ec.  13;").  1770. 
,Ton'a 'Trickl(s  Rfattross,  Cierinany,  Aj>ril  25,  1777. 
Olias.    Kiits,  MattroHS,  (Joiinty  Tul)ridtje,  (ierinany,  A[)ril   25, 

1777. 
Win.  l^lair,  Mattross,  County  Derry,  Ireland.  May  21,  1777. 
Harry  (yonnighani,  Mattross,  County  Down,  Ireland,  Dec.    14, 

1777. 
Jno.  Tame,  Mattross,  Soin«rs«*t  county. N<!W  Jersey,  April  0,1777. 
Peter  Olinger.  Mattross,   Pliila<le1phia  county,    I'ennsylvaida, 

April  20,  1,;,. 
Jno.  Steer,  Mattross.  KtMit  county.  Maryland,  June  (I,  1778. 
Patt  ('rafTord.  County  Limerick,  Ireland,  April  4,  1777. 
David   Drodwiek,   Pifer,  Pliiladelphi.i   county,  Pennsylvania, 

Ma,rch  10,  1777. 
Mich.  Clingan,  Fifer,  London,  Miirch  11,  1777. 
(leorge  Thompson,  Drummer,  Scotland,  April  21,  1777. 
An' ty  Hover,  Drumtnc^r,  Pennsylvania,  August  30,  1777. 
Per'd  Shuhart,  Mnttross,  Germany,  April  1,  1777. 
26- Vol.  XV. 


mm" 


-m'k 


I 


-A 


I 


i 


I 


.'■    t 


■1  ;      ii^, 


i»l 


409 


THE  PENNHYLVANIA  LIMB. 


Bonj.  Daly,  MaHroHK,  Virginia. 

Ij«»\viH  Hn Willi,  H«>rnouii<,  (icnmuiy.  Fob.  0,  1770. 

Jiii).  Woll,  (^or|«»nil,  KiiKlaiui,  April  a«,  1777. 

Pint.  8»nl(h,  (^iimikm-,  liolaiid,  xVugUHt  15,  1770. 

TlioH.  .ToiiiiliiH'H,  (immer,  Iroliind,  Jan.  1,  1777. 

.Inim  YoiiiiK,  MallroHH,  PotiiiHylvania,  April  1!],  1777. 

WMIiaiii  <'lari>,  I\IaHr<).MH,  IOtifj;laii(l,  Ati((iiHt 'J,  1777. 

DavM  II«'«mI,  RlattroHH,  IrclantI,  AujfUHt  5,  1777. 

Uol»'t  Younjr,  MjittroHH,  Irclaiitl,  April  1,  1777. 

Kicliard  H.  Hwt'iMiiiaM,  MaltroHS,  Pcmiihn  I  vntiia,  July  !I0,  1778. 

I'M w  M  To(»l..,  Mali roKH,  Ir.'laml,  March  !},  1777. 

B«u.  Farnliain,  Rlatirons,  iN'unHylvania,  S«'pt«'inl)er  1,  177H. 

J<»s.  .rohnson.  MaHroHH,  VirKiiiin,  Hi'pi  1,  177H. 

Jos.  Mornfaii,  Ht»rHf»'a,ii(,  ().'<oinork  (Mumty,  Virginia..  April  1,1777. 

l>auii'l  FoboH,  HtM'^oant,  ( ■oiiiity  ('aHuicHhi,  Scotlaiul,  Sopi.  13, 

1777. 
Uob't  Davidson,  (%>rp«)ral,<%»uuty  Down,  Ir<«Iand,  April  82,1777. 
R«>b'l  Panpt't,(funiH'r,  County  Paniiua,  (lorniany, April  27,1777. 
Marlin  Millor,  (funn»>r,  Pennsylvania.  April  21,  1777. 
DanM  MoCoy,  (lunnor,  Uocn-Kia,  April  2H,  1777. 
J»u».  Js'ujftMit,  (Jnnncr,  Connly  Tyrone,  Ireland,  April  17,  1777. 
Jno.   Molony,  MaH  ross,  Ireland,  March  2,  1777. 
(Jeo.  (Jo«lfrey,  Matiross,  (iernniny.  April  20,  1777. 
How  d  Knight,  Matiross,  Maryland,  Mareh  17,   1777. 
Win.  Talboit,  MaH  ross,  County  Antrim,  Indand,  April  15,  1777. 
W\\\.  I'\»rd,  Mattross,  Pennsylvania,   Nov.   17,  1777. 
Wn».  SyniH,  Mattross,  Salem  oonnty.  New  .fi'rsey.  May  10,  1777. 
Jno.  Vanostrand,  l\lattross,  New  Jersey,  l^lareh  2.  1777. 
Dan'I  Mnrphy,  Mattros!*.   Pennsylvania.  March  2»,  177». 
Isaac  S«>b(>y,  Miittro.ss,  P«>nnsylvania.  March  20,  1771). 
iUH\  Kellar,  Fifer,  P(>nnsylvania,  April  2,  1777.  ] 

Thos.  Connelly,  I>rnmmer,  ."etuisyivania,  April  4,  1777. 
MichI  lii^»jf.  Drummer,  Pt'nnsylvania,  .April  IJ,  1777. 
Daniel  North,  H«Mxoant,  Lancaster  connty,  PennMylvanlu,  Oct. 

5,  177(5. 
RichM  Hvitt.  Serj^eanr,  Ireland,  D«»a  10.  1770. 
Jn«>.  StiiiTord,  Pombr,  Ireland,  Nov.  M,  1770. 
Wni.  Hays,  (Junner,  Ireland,  May  10,  1777. 
,lohn  (^>ony,  thinner,  Ireland,  .\pril22,  1777. 
Jno.  Thornton,  Mattross,  (Mn'ster  countv,  Ponnsvlvania,,  May 


10,  1 


1 1 1. 


Jno  Mobony,  Mattro«8,  Q.  Mary  corwity    Maryland,    Sept.    14, 

177M. 
Iieonar<l  Hranson,  Mattross,  Vir^finia,  Sept.  14,  1178. 
lin«h  McD«>nahl,  Mattross,   Ir.Oand,  Oct.  15,  l77H. 
Tho.-*.  Mullen,  MattroHH,  Ireland,  March  27,  1777. 


ly 


THl-)  PICNNHYLVANIA  LINE.  408 

Wm.  M(i(Jooml»H,  MutlroHH,  Ii-<ilaii(l,  Miirch  24,  1777. 

Will.  Urowlny,  MiittruHH,  In^laiid,  l-N-h.  lo,  177». 

Will'm   M«»«»ii«\v.  Mattn»HH.  Mnryland,  Tnl).  1,  I77». 

II(>riiiH. Tliot'iitiiii,  Mutir«iHH,(Jitiiib<M'luiKl  count  v,P(tiitiHylv(itiiu, 

May  a  I,  1771). 
,Iiio.  ilill,  Rliitt  roH^•,  MorriH  county,  N<iw  JnrHcy,  Marcli  8J),  1771). 
Jno.  Olui'k,  J)runiiiicr,  Morrin  county,  N»<w  .Jcrncy,    March  2il, 

1777. 
<ico.  (JliaMc,  Dniniuicr,  ln'lii.n<l,  Murcli  3!$,  1777. 
Will.  </ii.m!»licll,  Di'uiiiinHr,  Ten  nny  Ivan  in,,  Muich  I,  1777. 
J>(in'l  <!roHH,  Dniiniucr,  lN'niiHyivii,nia,  March  1,  1777. 
Win.   Hniart,    ricrj^canl,  IMiiladclpiiia    county,    I'cnnMylvanla, 

Nov.  I,  177(1. 
I'hilip  Wctzcll,(  Corporal,  (!ounty  HfWHc,  (Tcrniany,  May  M,  1777. 
Krcd'k  Hnia.ltH,  (JuiiiH-r,  County  1I»'hh<s  ChTiiuiny,  Oct.  4,  177(1. 
(Jonrod  V«!i'cl<iHs,  MattroHs,  (!oiinty  Ii<>HHc,(hM-niany, April,  1777. 
Will.   Hakcr,  Ma.t  t  tohh,  (icrnmny,  Miiy  H,  1777. 
Chai-H  Yoiiiiff,  filattroHH,  Gcnnany,  May  4,  1777. 
(ico.  (!aiuph,  MattrosH,  PcniiHylvanin,  May  1,  1777. 
Jno.   I'lvaii.M,  MaltrosH,  Wah-H,  .|/i,n.  'i,  177H. 
Jno.  <)il)l»i»nH,  M/il)roHM,  Kngland,  June,  1777. 
I'clcr  Dcctcr,  MattroHH,  I'cnnMyivania,  May  H,  1777. 
JoH.   Craft,  MattroHH.   KiiKland,  May  8,  1777. 
('Iiristn  Miller,  MattrosH,  (icrniany,  Mav  7,  1777. 
Mjiiri  .|oi(M',  MnttroHH,  Ireland,  March:'.,   1777. 
.In<>.  Htewart,  MattroHH,  PeniiHylvania.,  Kept.  1»,  1778. 
(Jlias.  Hclmfer,  MattroHH,    Philadelphia  county,  PeiinHylvania, 

.lune  18.   1777. 
.Fno.  'Paplin,  MattroHH,  KiiKland,  >fov.   t,  177(1. 
.Ino.   Itof^erH,  MaltroHH,  PeniiHylvania,,  Au^.  35,  177(1. 
.lai'oli  Hrya.n,  I'^iter.  PenuHylvania,  Mny  I,  1777. 
Koh't.  J'attorHoij,  I'Mfcr,  Hunterdon  count  y,  New  Jerncy,  April 

:i,  1777. 
Will.  McDaniel,   Druimiier.  PeniiHylvania,  May  20,  1777. 
< 'asper  I'lhenard,  Driiiiiiiier.   PeniiHvlvania.,  Hept.   ;i,  1778. 
.laiiieH  Hennetl,  Herj^ennl,  Vir^finin.  Oct.  'J(l,  177(1. 
(<((().  II(Mid<u'Hon,  HiM'j^eaiit ,  Ireland,   Nov.  7,  177»1. 
( 'asper  Shane,  t'orporal,   PeiiiiHyl  viiiiia,  March  I,  1777. 
Will.    McMulhin,  Corporal,  Irehuid,  .March  1.  1777. 
lliMiry  (lavan,   llonriir,  Irel/ind,  Oct.  3(1.  177(1. 
S;i.iii'l    Uutler,  Hotn'hr.    HucUh  county,  ]'eniiHylvania,  Oct.  30, 

1770. 
Henry  (yonele.  (fiiniier,  (rernuinv,  Dec.  4.   1770. 


Daniel  Fc^inell,  (iiinncr,  Ireland.  Nov, 


1770. 


Henry  liOHc,  MattroHH,  Ireland,  Oct.  20,  1770. 
Will.  KiiiImm'hoii,  MutlroHH,  Indand,  Nov.  ]h,  1770. 


fj^^^^   ^- 


ii.  ■  i 


I  irW 


^  "Sii? 


404 


TIIK  PKNNHYLVANIA  LINK. 


TIm»'ihh  llowoll,  MattroHH,   IN'unHylviinia,  N«>v.  0,  1770. 
IjiI.  Udllahaii,  I\Tultt'oH8.  Irchuul,  Jiiiiiuirv  Hi.  1777. 
John  Dunn.  MutlroHH,  I  rcland,  .Xn^fUHl  ft,  1777. 
.loliu  IiImU,  I\Ia^l•^)^<8,  l'('unHylva,nin,,  May  I,  1777. 
Janit'K  « 'ar(<>r,  MallrnHM,   lr«>lan«l.  Orl.    I,   177(1. 
Wtu.  MrMalion,  MatlroMW,  In-laiMl,  .\pril  11,  1777. 
Kul)«  MoNnil.  MaltroMH.  Irclaini.  Nov.  :i,  177(1. 
,lani(>s  (fill.  Malli'DMs,  1  ri'liiiid,   Nov.  .h,  177(1. 
•luo.  Hodman,  Matlrosn,  iitOanii,  .Inly  0,  1777. 
(Ihrisr  McDonni'll.  MaKrosn,  Ireland,  Nov.   l."».  177(>. 
•  (^i«>o.  I'\trr<'ll,  INIatlroHs,  Murlin^ton  <'onnty,   New  JorHoy,  Nov. 
a7,   177(1. 
l»atl.  (loii>^;li,  I\Ia(lroH,s,  ln>lan»l,  Juno  HO,  1777. 
Win.  Alt'xajulor,  nrnninu'r,  N«>\v  .lt>rs«>y,  Nov.  1,  177(i. 
l<on,|.    liOViTtt,  DrunnntT,  New  Y«»rk.  Marcli  15*,  177l». 
IMiillip  liOW.T,  SoiKi'anl,  I'.Min.'^ylvania.,  ()<'!.  l(t,  177(1. 
Jionj.  \Vliilt«)\v,  ('orin»ral,  Nhw  Knirlaiid,  May  i:i,  17:7. 
Frod,  llyci'ly.  Corporal,  (JtM-niaiiy,  April  I,  1777. 
Koynard  Hniilli,  ('orp«>ral,  Now  Jor^cy,  May  i?0,  1778. 
Thus.  Maylx-rry,  (Innnor.  ln>land.  May  '.2(»,  1777. 
Wu).  Rfayhorry,  MallroMs,  Ireland,  April  1.").  I77B. 
.Toln\  <«n(/.(>liMan,  Mallross,   IVMinsylvania,  ,Ta.n.  18,  1777. 
Frt'd.   H.Miliair,  Mattrosy.  I'lMinsylvania,  April  2(1,  1777. 
.Ta»M)»)  l-\ivji'r,  Maitros.s,  (h'rniany,  April'Jd.  1777. 
Cliris'u  llnhart,  l\Iat(ro8«,  JM»ila.d*)lplila  (M>nnty,J*<MinHylvania, 


M 


a.v 


r 


Mi«'h'l  Sailli«Min«>r,  Rlaltro,ss,  (li>rniany.  Juncll,  1777. 

Mifhl  Uowors,  Mattn>ss,  lr«>land,  Rlarcli  1,  1777. 

MMios.  Johnson.  Mattross,  Ireland.  Maroli  1,  1771). 

.lnt>.  Spadi'.  nnnnnu'r,  Poini.'^ylvauia, IVIarrli  'J,  1777. 

Ht'ury  (lU^'T,    l>rnuini(>r,  l'«>nn.«<ylvania,  l'\'l).  1,  1777. 

J.  M.  LuiJwicK,  8»MX»'»«i<.  IN'nnsylvania,  April  24,  1777. 

,los.   .\dan»s,  Sor^oant,  Pennsylvania,  r*Jov.   I,  177(5. 

V.  l>otjn('lly,  S«'rj;»'an(.  ('onnty  Tyrone,  !r«'land,  May  7,  1777. 

l\'ter  lJurki'<t,  Corporal,  PenuiHylvania,  Ajjril  21,  ^"ll7. 

James  ilriines,  ( •t>rp«>ra.l,  C«>nnty  Tyrone,  Ireland,  May  27,  1777. 

Janies  Say.  Corporal,  Pennsylvania,  April  10,  1777. 

(Jlov«-r  Hnnl,  noni'hr,  Kn^^;lan^l,  Jan.  10,  1777. 

Wni.  H«Miderson,  Ponibr,  P»'nnsylvania.  Jan.  10,  1770. 

TlionrsTiverdy,(fnnner,  County  Hown,  Tr»'land,  April  10,1777. 

Miehl  MeNnlty.  Hnuner,  Ireland,  May  lU,  1777. 

Wn»    Ilannan,  (lunner,  Counly<'ork,  Ireland,  May  1,  1777. 

Jno.  Snell,  (funner,  Pennsylvania,  A|>rll  aft.  1777. 

Jno.  Crea^j.Matl  ross,  Hunterdon  county, New  JerHey,AnK.,  ^'t't*^' 

Thos.  MeCi>ok,  Mattross,  Ireland,  May  20,  1777. 

Patt.  Pever,  Muttrost*,  Ireland,  Murc-li  10,  1777. 


THK  I'KNNHYLVANIA  I/INR 


4m 


Tiaiir  Tjowoniiaii,  Math-oMH,  JVuiriHylvuiiia,  April  !JG,  1777. 

.Iito.  HtortH,  MaUroHH,  J't'iiiiHylvaiiia,  April  rt,  1777. 

Will.  McMiilU'ii,  MailroHH,  IrnlaiKl,  May  <l,   1777. 

TlioH.  LaiiKc*  MadioHH,  lr<«ian<l,  Auk-   15,  1777. 

J<»liii  Mill«'r,  MatlnJMH,  Ohw.'Ko,  .Inly  2,  177H. 

(<»•<).  lliit(Oi(tH<iii,  MattroHH,  l'*MiiiHylviiiiia,  Mairli  2,   1777. 

.loii'aii  Htiii'KiH,  MattroHH,  IN'iiiiHylvaiiia,  J'liila<l<tlpliia  (■(Hiiity, 

J  I  inn  iiO,  177H. 
a.  Jj.  F<ti){lil.<'r,  MattroHH,  lMiila<l<>lpliia  comity,  iN'iiiiHyivaiiia, 

Marnh  2H,  I77l>, 
FrtMJ.  VViiiklfT,  Ma'troHH,  I'hiladclpliia  (Mumly,  I'ciiiiHylvaiiia, 

H«»pf.  K,  177H. 
Ai'cliny  Itaiiiiaii,  Mai  <  i'ohh,  rn>!ii,ii<l,   I\Ia,rcli  2*»,   1777. 
Oliar.  U<>iin»(l,  MaltroHH,  (J<*niiaiiy,  .liily  i3»,  1777. 
MalirH  Oaiiiph,  MattroHn,  I'ciiiiHylvaiiin,  .1  iily  ItO,  1778. 
Will.  Wiik«irl«'y,  MatlroHH,  KiiKlaml,  Oct.  UH,  i7';7. 
Jam's  i\Ic.(3nit'.k(*ii,   Mallrosn,   iN'iiiiHylvaiiia,  y\  pril  tiH,   1777. 
Knul  Unic,  MattroHH,  (^'nnaiiy,  .lmH'5i,  I'i'tl. 
Jacob  Hinitli,  h'iffr,   l'(>iiiis>  Ivaiiia,  April '21,  1777. 
JiiiiioH  ('nitchcr,   l-'it'cr,   I'tMiiiHylvaiiia,  A  pril   l.'>,  1777. 
Hu((li  KcKaii,   Dniiiiiiicr,  J'oiinHylvania,  March  1,  1777. 

Ni>ii.-<!itiiunissi<»ii< (I  Klfi,(l'  ami  Mnsirjans. 
Jiu),  Moloiiy,  (Mcrk,  doiinty  W.  Mcalli,  In-l/iiMl,  A  pril '2:5,  1777' 
Dan'l  Haiitlicni,  Sr.  Major,   INMiiiHyl vaiiia,  March  IH,   1777. 
JaiiicH  ratlcrwni,  t^.   M.  H.,  frclaiid,  Aii«.  2H,  177(1. 
(Miar'H  IlolTiiiii.il,  Mnntcr,  (Icrinaiiy,  July  10,  1777. 
Win.    Hhippcn,    Master,    IMiiladdphia   comity,    IN'niiHyivaiiia, 

April   21,  177(1. 
l»ct'r(Jolkhotrcr,  Master,  (fcnnany,  Dec  20,  1"77. 
Jacf»l)  Hiicll,  Musician,   I'cmisylvaiiin,  March  27,  1*77. 
Thos  Miiijjflc,  Musi(rijiii,  J'ciiiisylvHiiin,  March  12,   177*». 
(ico.  Weaver,  Mnsiciau,  <Jcniuiny.  July  11.  1777. 
Ham'!  Hockuhoy,  Musi(Man,  (lerniany,  May  IT),  177K 
Mic.h'l  ThiirHt<Mi,  Musician, (!<niii(  y  J<iineri(;k,  I  reiuiHl,.Imie  24, 

177H. 
Win.  Moore,  Musician,  Hcotlaixl,  October  2-1,  1778. 
ConM.  (JropiiiK't'iser,  Musician,  (ienuaiiy,  Dec.  21,  177H. 
Thos.  (Iny,  F.   M.,  I'enn "a,  Hept.   H,   177(i. 
Will.  Norton,  D.   M.,  I  r.'lanil,  April.',,  1777. 


\  1  rue  Slate 


Tlios.   i'uocTOii,  ('n1. 


IKiKJorsedl  < 'olo.  I»roc.l«)r's  Rei^iineul  Special  Return,  :5<l 
April,  1771). 

I  AddrcHHedl  Ilis  Kxcellcncy  (le«<r(.fe  Washington,  V.^i\,.  ('0111- 
liiander  in  Ohief  of  the  Armies  of  the  United  States,  MidillH 
Jii'uok. 


i 

ft 


406 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT— 1778. 


ROLL  OF  THE  (COLONEL'S  COMPANY. 


[Dates  !;iven  are  those  of  expiration  of  enlistment] 

Sergeants. 

Alexanaer   (Crawford,  July  1,  1779. 
Jumes  Sweeny. 
Andrew  Keitli,  June,  1779. 
James  Lamb,  June  23,  1780. 

Corporals. 
Alexander  Simenton,  July  1,  1779. 
Henjamin  ('arson,  July  1,  1779. 
Joseph  Eaton,  Nov.  1,  1778. 


V/illiam  Holliday. 
CrHorge  McGehan. 


Brum  and  Fife. 


Privates, 


John  McMahen. 

Thonuis  Vaughn. 

Mathies  Crotoley. 

James  Rusk. 

James  Mo9n. 

•Christopher  Finnager. 

Michael  Sexton. 

I'atrick  Newell. 

Matiiies  Long. 

Charles  Bayle. 

James  Ulaek. 

John  Bellons. 

James  Boreland. 

Thomas  iVfurray. 

Patrick  Conaway,  Feb.  1,  1779. 

David  McCarter. 

William  Walker. 

Thomas  Kelly. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


407 


Archibald  Brown. 

Frederick  Victorious. 

John  Early. 

JaineH  Mcllven,  July  1,  1779. 

Joseph  Norton. 

George  Housniau. 

John  Tidd. 

Junies  Carle. 

Pater  Hagen. 

Edward  Maddin,  July  1,  1779. 

Michael  McGehan. 

Samuel  Dinn. 

William  Wallace. 

James  Formoyle. 

John  Lynch. 

John  McMurtrie,  Sergeant  Major,  July  1,  1779. 


ROLL  OF  THE  LIEUTENANT  COLONEL'S  COMPANY. 


Sergeants. 
John  Leiper,  May  10,  1779. 
Thomas  Fannery. 

Corporals. 
John  Ferguson. 
William  Douglass. 
John  McCollough,  July  1,  1779. 

Drummer. 


Jacob  Tanner. 

William    Morris. 

Timothy  Winters. 
.Tohn  Patton. 
John  McTntire. 
Robert  Con  yen. 
Murdough  Patterson. 
Jolin  Spavin. 
Samuel  Silas. 
John  Oran. 
William  Fltzpatriok. 


Fifer. 
Privates. 


\  . 


I'li  'II 
Ipjj:: 

ipNi 

uWl^H' 

408 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Richard  Kennady. 

Charles  Linn. 

Patrick  Preston. 

Patrick  Grant. 

Robert  Minor. 

Cristopher  Bettinger. 

John  McCloskey. 

Francis  Enni.4. 

Thomas  Brown. 

Edward  Moore. 

James  McOlane. 

Thomas  Kennady. 

Able  Evans. 

John  Daugherty. 

William  Carnahen. 

Joseph  Armstrong. 

Redman  Roach. 

Barney  McQuire. 

Rodger  Caskey. 

Alexander  Burns. 

Francis  Murray. 

John  Williams,  Drum  Major. 


ROLL  OP  THE  MAJOR  S  COMPANY. 

Sergeants. 
John  Cirimths. 
William  Donalen. 
Andrew  Shnds,  June  1,  1781. 
John  Denmark. 

Corporals. 
Mathew  Sampson. 
John  McCarty,  February  20,  1780. 
Joseph  Cnmpble. 
Samuel  Leonard. 


George  Dickson. 

Joseph  Johnston. 
Rol)ert  .Tones. 
John  Bailey. 


Fifer. 


Privates. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


400 


Abraham  Bryan, 

Kobert  Magee. 

Daniel  MoMnllen. 

William  Sparrow. 

Patrick  Ambrose. 

Joim  Kelly. 

Nicholas  Smith. 

Anthony  Grenade. 

Thomas  Rock. 

Samuel  Gorman. 

John  Campble. 

Edward  Oneal. 

Charles  Loid. 

Patrick  Leonard. 

Samuel  Willis. 

Thomas  Sluihen. 

Ralph  Willis. 

Andrew  Burns,  May  16,  1780. 

Samuel  Plumb. 

Martin  Obrian. 

Martin  Reynolds. 

Matliew  Dougherty. 

Asia  McCord. 

George  Whitman. 

William  Irvine. 

Thomas  Davis.  ,  . 

John  Ward. 

James  Fruit. 

Thomas  Fletcher,  Fife  Major. 


ROLL  OP  CAPTAIN  PARR'S  COMPANY 


.John  Me  Lone. 
Michael  Lougherty. 
Joseph  Lougherty. 

John  Curry. 

Thomas  Stuart. 
Thomas  Wilson. 


Sergeants. 


Corporals, 


Privates. 


m 


410 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Hugh  Fleming. 
Patrick  Quinn. 
Peter  Wildricli. 
John  Hutchinson. 
CorneliouH  MctJonnel. 
Albert!  Law. 
Jonathan  Washburn. 
Philip  Henry. 
George  Horner. 
James  Currey. 
.John  Simpson. 


ROLL  OF  CAPTAIN  HAMILTON'S  COMPANY. 


''11 


Iff 


James  Franer; 
James  Welch- 
Charles  Ogelby. 
Jacob  Shoner. 
iVIichael  Foust. 

John  Ward. 
Michael  Gamble. 
Philil)  Murphy. 
John  Hopltins. 
Lotlwielc  Ormagust. 
.John  Pafton. 
Amos  Silvers. 
John  GoA'er. 
.lohn  McNear. 
.Joseph  Harnet. 
Timothy  Danagen. 
John  Kerr. 
Jolin  Hill. 
John  Shearer. 
William  Danlinger. 
John  Condner. 
John  Dougherty. 
David  Reese. 
Elias  Metz. 


Sergeants. 
Corporals. 

Privates. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


4U 


Henry  Heagy. 
ThoiiiaH  Allison. 
Henry  Winegardner. 
Daniel  Countz. 
('liarles  McCiee. 
William  Porter. 
Henry  Mathias. 
Frederick  Miller. 
Patrick  8tackH. 

N.  B.  — No  account  Can  be  given  of  the  men's  Enlistments, 
as  the  PaperH  where  Lost  on  Long  Island,  &  The  Captain  Ab- 
sent. , 


ROLti  OP  CAPTAIN  CRAIGS  COMPANY. 


Daniel  Humphry. 
John  McCartney. 

Valentine  Baker. 
Benjamin  Decker 
Elijah  Hardy. 

William  Ferguson. 

Michial  Frederick. 

David  Son. 
(^ristian  Hoffman. 
i)ennis  Marraty. 
.foel  Borger. 
Robert  Bradly. 
.I(»hn  Collins. 
Alathew  Hughes. 
.John  Harvey, 
.lolin  I>ockingH. 
David  Scribner. 
William  Hill. 
Thomas  Richart. 
•Tohn  Gillan. 
iSamuel  Mathes. 


Sergeants. 


Corporals. 


Fifer. 


Drummer. 


Privates. 


"4  I 


m 


413 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Corporals. 


ROLL  OP  CAPTAIN  SIMPSON'S  COMPANY. 


Sergeants. 
Stephen  Sims. 
.John  Armstrong. 

Jolin  Rhea. 
John  Ryan. 
WJIliani  Kerr. 

Privates. 
Daniel  Campble. 

Michael  Parker. 
David  Davis. 
John  .fost. 
'Peter  Gonoton. 
Philip  Peters. 
A  Jexander  Thompson. 
John  Murphy. 
Patrick  Magaw. 
Joiin  Kelly. 
William  Linn. 
John  Moseye. 
Nicholas  Cocker. 
Albright  Weaver. 

Felix  Honor.  » 

George  Baylor. 
John  Clark. 
Jolin  Stephens. 
.Tohn  Rheim. 
William  English. 
John  Salmon. 
Peter  Felix. 
James  Elliot.  .  '      • 

N.  B.  —All  the  above  men  are  under  the  Command  of  Cap- 
tain Parr,  with  Colonel  Butler  to  the  Northward. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


413 


ROLL  OP  CAPTAIN  JAMES  WILSON'S  COMPANY 


John  Ward. 
Philip  Gatea 

Joseph  Finch. 

Cornelious  qauderskin. 


Sergeanti. 

Corporal. 
Drummer. 


lap- 


Privates. 
Jacob  Bower. 
Richard  Francis. 
Daniel  Jolinston. 
Daniel  Dougherty. 
James  Artness. 
Robert  Stanford. 
John  Dongan. 
Peter  Provo. 
Francis  Lucas. 
James  Smith. 
Charles  Smith. 
Arthur  Williams. 
Hugh  Henderson. 
I'eter  Mc Bride. 
Michael  Kelly.  . 

William  McCormick. 
John  Rogers. 
James  Fagen. 
Jacob  Kigher. 
David  Moore. 
James  Baxter. 
Dennis  O' Bryan. 
The  above  are  all  during  the  War 


4U 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


ROLL  OP  CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  WILSON'S  COMPANY. 


III. 

|4  VJ 


,  t 


Hi 


John  McKenly. 
Jacob  Abright. 
Samuel  Parks. 
ThouiaM  Haiabeard. 

Jamem  Reed. 
William  Kelly. 
Hugh  Metligan. 

Robert  Cample. 

Joseph  Kincaid. 


Sergeants. 


Corporals. 


Iter. 


Drummer. 


Privates. 
Andrew  Kincaid. 
Abram  Boyd.  . 

Barney  Roody.  ' 

CrisHan  Evick.  • 

CriHtiati  Moyer, 
Daniel  Callahan. 
John  Flora,  March,  1779. 
Isaac  Wiile\%  September,  1779. 
James  Brown,  September,  1779. 
Anthony  H inkle,  March,  1779. 
Jacob  Pinkly. 
.lames  Gibbons. 
.Tames  McCready. 
James  Broad  wod. 
.Jacob  Wtinfleld. 
John  Coleman. 
John  Bough.  i 

John  Crowley. 
Nicholas  Sheiufelter. 
Samel  Cline. 
John  Maekey. 
James  Fiigret. 
William  Henderson. 
George  Barrack. 


THE  PENNSYLVAi^lA  LIJSE. 


413 


William  Robeson, 
.lames  Robeson. 
Michael  Kenny. 
Robert  Little. 
John  Strucker. 


Return  of  the  officers  of  the  First  Pennsylvania  Refjiment  nf  Foof^ 
with  their  names,  rank  and  date  of  vomniission,  from  thejlrst 
of  Januari/,  17T7,  until  the  SUt  August,  1778. 

Edward  Hand,  Colonel,  March  7,  1776;  prom.  1777. 

James  Chambers,  Colonel,  September  28,  177(J. 

Richard  Jiutler,  Lieutenant  Colonel,  February  22,  1777;  prom. 

1777. 
Thomas  Robinson,  Lieutenant  Colonel,  June  7,  1777. 
James  Ross,  Major,  September  25,  ll'iG;  prom.  1777. 
Henry  Miller,  Major,  September  28,  177G;  prom.  March  1,  1777. 
Jaiues  Moore,  Major,  September  20,  1777. 
James  (irier,  (.'aptain,  March  7,  1777;  prom.  Oct.  213,  1777. 
J)avid  Harris,  March  7,  1777;  res.  Oct.  1,  1777. 
James  Parr,  August  10,  1776. 
James  Hamilton,  August  10,  1776. 

John  HollidoA',  September  25,  1776;  res.  March  1,  1778. 
Samuel  Craig,  January  16,  1777. 
John  Matson,  January  16,  1777;  res.  Jan.  1,  1778. 
Michael  Simpson,  January  16,  1777. 
Jas.   Wilson,  Febimry  12,  1777. 
William  Wilson,  October  1,  1777. 
Thomas  Huchanan,  October  23,  1777. 
Thomas  Armor,  First  Lieutenant,  September  25,  1776. 
Peter  Wiser,  September  25,  1776;  on  parole.  ' 

John  Dick,  Se[)tember  25,  1776;  res.  xiugust  3,  1777. 
John  Dougherty,  Septemer  25,  1776. 
David  Zieglar,  September  25,  1776. 
Abraham  Skinner,  May  13,  1777. 
James  Holliday,  May  13,  1777;  killed,  Sept.  11,  1777. 
Benjamin  Lyon,  August  3,  1777. 
John  McClelan,  September  11,  1777. 
Samuel  Smith,  Second  Lieutenant,  May  13,   1777;  res.   March 

20,  1778. 
George  Steven.son,  May  13,  1777;  res.  Sept.  14,  1777. 
Aaron  Norcross,  May  13,  1777. 
Thomas  Boyd,  May  13,  1777. 


ir"^" 


.4 


m 


416 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


John  Hughe,  May  13,  1177. 

Jainos  Magill,  May  li3,  1777;  res.  Jan.  I,  1778. 

James  McFarlane,  May  i;5,  1777. 

William  McDowell,  February  14,  1778. 

Edwaril  Crawford,  January  1,  1778. 

David  Hay,  Third   Lieutenant,  May  13,  1777;    res.  Dec.  1,  1777. 

David  Hammond,  May  13,  1777. 

Robert  Clifton,  May  13,  1777. 

WilUam  Hayard,  August  17,  1777;  dead. 

(Japtain  John  Doyle's  Independent  Company  Joyn'd  this  reg- 
iment the  28tli  November,  and  has  continued  to  do  duty  in 
tlie  Reg't  to  tills  date. 

Jolin  Doyle,  Captain,  Datd  of  Commission  July  16,  1776. 

Samuel  Hrady,  First  laeutenant,  July  16,  1776. 

William  McMurray,  Second  Lieutenant,  July  16,  1776. 

Thoma^i  Doyle,  Tliird  Lieutenant,  January  7,  1777. 

Henry  MoCormick,  Adjutant,  Appointed  Ai)ril  16,  1777.      Pro- 
.  moted  December  26,  to  Major  Brigadier. 

Andrew  Jolmston.  Quartermaster,  January  1,  1778. 
N.  H.   -Lieutenant  Norcross  doing  the  duty  of  Adjutant  since 

ye  27tlj  December,  1777. 
[  Endorsed]  Return  of  the  Officers  in  the  First  Pennsylvania 

Regiment,  1778. 

I  certify  tlie  within  Return  contains  a  true  State  of  the  offi- 
cers of  the  Regiment  from  tlie  1st  Januar/,  1777,  to  this  Date, 

to  tlie  best  of  my  knowle  Ige. 

Jamks  Chambkus, 

Colonel  First  Regiment 


I 


' 


i 


•••'I 


\  I 


m 


(COLONEL   WALTER   STEWART'S   SECOND   PENNSYL- 
VANIA REGIMENT— 1778. 

lietnrn  of  the  officers  mho  have  served  in  the  Second  Penn,sylva- 
nia  Regiment  from  theflrst  nf  Jnnnnry.,  1777,  until  the  time  it 
was  incorporated  loith  the  \Wi  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  roith 
thi'ir  names,  rank,  dates  of  commissions,  promotions,  resig- 
nations, d'c. 


.lames  Irvine,  Colonell,  November,  1776;  resigned  in  April  or 
May,  1777. 

Henery  Bicker,  Colonell,  Vice  Col.  Irvine;  left  out  in  thc^ 
new  arrangement. 


[it 
ith 


lie 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


417 


Jonathan  Jones,  Major,  Noveuil)er,  17TG:  pron^oted  to  Lieu- 
teuiint  Colonel  in  the  Regiment  in  Fehruury  or  March,  1777; 
resigned  in  April  or  May,  1777. 

Henery  Miller,  Lieutenant  (.'olonell,  March  1,  1777;  jt)ined 
tiie  Regiment  (vice  Lieutenant  (Jolonel  Jones)  in  February  or 
Marctli,  1778. 

William  Williams,  Captain,  October  r"!?,  177.") ;  jiromoted  to 
Major  (vice  Major  Jone^;  ;  taken  prisoner  at  (iermantown  ; 
since  maile  liis  escape,  and  left  out  of  the  arrangement. 

Josiah  Harmer,  Capuiin,  October  37,1775;  promoted  to  Major 
in  the  Tliird  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  January,  1777. 

Marian  Lamar,  (I'aptain,  October  27.  177.");  promoted  to  Major 
in  the  Fourth  Pensylvania  Regiment,  January.  1777. 

Joseph  Howell,  (Jai)taiu,  joined  the  Reyiuient  vice  Captain 
Williams. 

John  Patterson.  Captain.  \ 

Jacob  Ashmade,  Captain.  -  Rank  of  four  Captains  disputed. 

John  Bankson,  Captain,    J 

Roger  Staynor,  Caprain,  Jamuir  1.  1777;  taken  i)uisoner 
ill  l^iiiladel])hia  September,  17T7. 

(ieorge  .linkins.  First  Ijieutenant,  January,  177fi;  promoted 
March  1777,  vice  Ca[)tain  Harmei-. 

<'lirlstian  Staddle,  First  Lieutt'nant,  May.  177C;  i)romoted 
F.'lc.'iiary,   1777.  vice  Captain  Ijamar. 

•lohn  Ellis,  First  Lieutenant.  Janiuiry  1,  1777:  cashiered 
April,  1777. 

Samuel  Tolbert,  Fiist  Lieutenant,  January  1,  1777  ;  pronu)ted 
Ahirch,  1777,  to  captain. 

Peter  Gosner,  First  Lieutenant,  .January  1.  1777;  appointed 
vice  (Captain  Stayner,  September,  1777. 

John  (lolde.  First  Lieutenant.  January  1,  1777. 

Philip  Cluinburg,  First  Lieutenant,  Janaury  1.  1777;  re- 
signed Aj)ril,  177H. 

•facol)  Zieglei',  I'irst  Lieutenant,  January  1,  1777:  resigned 
February,  1 777. 

William  Mocire,  Second  Lieutenant,  January  1,  1777;  re- 
signed March,  1777. 

John  Irvine.  Ensign.  January  "..'0,  1770;  promoted  to  Adju- 
tant, with  rank  of  First  Jiieiilenant.  Januai'v  1.  1777. 

Major  Walliurii.  Secon«l  iiieutenant,  January  1,  1777:  pro- 
moted to  Fir.'^t   Lieutenant  March. 1777;  killed  2()th  September, 

\   I   I   I. 

.lohn  Stoy.  Second    Iiieutenant.  Januarv   1777:   promoted  to 
l'"'irst  Lieutenant,  March.  1777. 
James  Morris  Jonen,  Second  Llouteiumt,  January  1,  1777. 

27-V()l,.   XV. 


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418 


THE  PB:NNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Henei'j'  Piercy,  Second  Lieutenant,  February,  1777 ;  ap- 
pointed First  Lieutenant,  March  1777. 

William  Honeynian,  Second  Lieutenant,  Feliruary,  1777; 
ordered  to  join  the  Eightli  Pennsylvania  Rej^inient  on  the 
new  estal)Ushnient. 

Henjaniin  Hoyer,  Secoml  Lieutemwit,  February,  1777;  ordered 
to  join  tlie  Eighth  Pennsylvania  Regiment  on  the  new  estab- 
lishment. 

John  Cannon,  Second  Lieutenant,  February,  1777;  resigned 
September,  1777. 

Abl)el  Morris,  Ensign,  January  1,  1777;  promoted  March  2, 
1777,  to  Second  Lieutenant;  left  out  of  the  new  Arrangement. 

Philip  Waggoner,  Ensign, January  1,1777;  promoted  to  Second 
Lieutenant,   March,  1777. 

Jacob  Detrick,  Ensign,  January  1,  1777;  killed  April,  1777,  in 
a  Skirmish  near  Aniboy. 

John  Harton,  Ensign,  January  1,  177'.  ;  promoted  March,  1TT7; 
desrTted  to  the  enemy,  1778. 

(Miarles  Deragli,  Ensign,  January  1,  1777;  promoted  April, 
17TT;  left  out  of  the  new  arrangement. 

Barod  Sickerty,  Ensign,  January  1,  1777;  resigned  Nov.,  1777. 

John  Strieker,  Ensign,  April  18,  1777;  promoted  Oct.  1.  1777. 

Thomas  Norton,  Ensign,  March  13,  1777;  promoted  to  Secoul 
Lieuteisint  April,  1777. 

Henry  J).  Pursell,  Ensign,  April  19,  1777;  promoted  October  4, 

l>  1 1. 

Sei>tember  0,  1778. 

Hknuy  Millku, 

Lieatennut  Colonel  Second  Pennsyirdiiia  lieghnetht, 

[Endorsed]  Uoll  of  the  ollicers  of  the  Old  Second  Regiment 
of  Pennsylvania. 


COMPANY    ROLLS    OP    THE  SECOND  PENNSYLVANIA 

REtilMENT. 


Roll  of  Captain  Jacob  As/unearls  (omjxnnj  in  the  Second  liepi- 
ment  of  Pet>n.si/li'ania,  commanded  by  Colonel  W.  Stetmi'U 
September  8,  1778. 

Robert  Pealing,  sergi-ant. 
John  Jacobs,  stM'geant. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE 

Miflun'l  H<>iTey,  MM^t'unt. 

Rt)l)ert  Justice,  corporal. 

Jiicol)  Meyer.>i,  corporal,  enlisted  March  1(5,  1778. 

Aiitiioiiy  Pelt^or,  iit'er. 

John  Keatou. 

James  l^rjuinon. 

Ma  thins  Hines. 

William  Weatherspoon. 

lleiirv  Miller. 

J'attrick  Dii^au,  on  coninnmd,  Hacktnisacli. 

CJle.iion  Shire. 

.Vmlrew  Travice. 

John  Smith. 

]\rartin  .AfcUan^j:!!. 


419 


iiuie 


Mor 


1  i>on. 


Thomas  Ankard. 

Joseph  Lewis. 

James  DiitTey. 

<  feor^e  All>erson. 

Jacol)  HilTe. 

William  Mc<'ono\vay. 

(reorf^e  .Mavcliel. 

\  "oiii'ii/1  Franks. 

.Vmli'ew  ( 'a'.n')ur}^er. 

William  {{r.adstock. 

Henry   Leynmn. 

Arciial>al(l  Md  lain. 

Daniel  McVeay. 

Elexan.ler  Hill. 

Matlie-w  K'lley,  on  command,  Tarrytown. 

I'M  ward  l^eavey. 

Jiimes  Coltf'r.  • 

.John  Newcomi). 

.lohn  li.MVjfer. 

Joshua  Wismon. 

Philip  Hope. 

Klexander  Corrill. 

Peter  ^rcK^letton. 

Samuel  Woods,  in  infantry. 

Silvester  O'lirvan,  in  intantry. 

.Janu's  Kelley.  in  infantry. 

,Iohn  .Vni'il',  in   iid'imt  vy. 

Clmrle-i  Holder,  brijjude  wnjjff^oner. 

Micha"l  Weaver,  s'ck.  Valley  l-'orjfe. 

John  «tlin,  sick,  Valley  Forge. 


i!      /l 


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4    x!i 


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i 

■    'ti  r 

i 

i 

■  ■?"m;, 

i 

f!   :<t'i- 

I 

■    ill.- 

420 


THE  PENNSYLV^ANIA  LINE. 


John  Halter,  sick,  V'alley  Forge. 

John  Lane,  lime  expires  tho  1st  oi  October. 

Jacob  Asiimkad, 
Vtiptdtli.  Seroin/  /'.  li. 
[l^jnclorsed]  Roil  of  Captain  Jacob  Ashnieatl's  Company  in  tho 
second  Regiment  of  l*eniit*vlvani>i. 


Roll  of  Cnnfnin  Jnlnt  liauksnn's  rnnipani/,  Sevnnd  He<)imeiit  of 
I'tnnsylmniit,  uoinmaiided  by  Colonel  \V.  Uteirart,  tiept.  '.>,  17H8. 


Josepli  Miller,  sergeant. 

.lolui  Atlanis,  siM'geanr. 

Roger  Moure,  sergeant,  on  ooninian'l  nith  the  light  infantry 

StepluMi  Ijonilon,  corporjil. 

Williiiin  Caldwell,  eorp«>ral. 

.Iiiuies  Smith,   corporal. 

Richard  (frossvener,  drnuinier. 

Josepli  Watson,  titer,  enlisted  May  10,  1T77 

David  Allshoiise,  private. 

John  Hay. 

Andri'w  ( 'riswell.  •  , 

Alexander  Duke. 

Peter  Frit/,.  J 

•lacol)  Frederick.  il  • 

Richard 


lolinson. 


William  ^JetTerys.  • 

Josej)!)  Kelly. 

(icorge  Kisster,  eidisted  May  10,  1778. 


Mi 


enae 


Ijenion, 


John  Murphy. 

Francis  Murphy,  sick,  present. 

William  Mau^raw. 

PatricU  Mnoney. 

Henry  Miller. 

Daniel  LalTert  y. 

xN'eal  McAllee. 


Arthur 


Mc( 


Uti. 


Joi)  Reily. 
David  Uii,  chey. 
Cieorge  Haynor. 


THE  PENiNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


421 


Patrick  Shaw. 

Williuiii  Stewart,  Junior. 

Wiliiaiu  (Juinptoii,  si«M\,  pre-nent. 

Joliii  Harrison,  sicli,  pre.sent. 

Adaia  Strope,  sicii,  present. 

diaries  Adanjs,  sick  at  V^alley  Forj,'e. 

Wiliiaiu  Stewnrt,  sick  at  Valley  I'orge. 

.Fohn  ('ocliran,  sick  at  Valley  Fnr^;e. 

Tiionnis  Sullivan,  sick  at  Lancnster. 

Joini  Melian,  on  1  \v«*ek's  command. 

John  Christy,  on  command  with  thu  lifjht  Infantry. 

I'eter  Messersmith,  on  coiinnand  with  liy;ht  Infantry. 

Martin  Dull,  on  command  with  the  Artillery. 

John  Dotij^herty,  wa.;^goner  in  the  Regiment. 

Elias  Sheet/,,  on  comnuind  with  Commissary  (General. 

Daniel  Kiichen^-er,  on  command  with  Manpiis  La  Fiet. 

John  Kichilberf.jer,  time  exi)ired. 

llichanl  Allen,  deserted  Septeniher  4,  1T78. 

John  Haxkson, 
Cdfifdiii  Srcond  Rei/fnieiit  I'< itii.si//rnnifi. 

[Endorsed]  Roll  of  Captain  John  Mankson's  ( 'ompany.  Second 
RcMtiment  Pennsylvania,  From  September  U,  1778. 


A  roh'  f)f  ('(if)((thi  Jn/iii  P(i(t(  rsDii' s  rninpn)n/.  Secnjuf  Pfnnsf/frn- 
nid  fi({/ii)Huf,  cominnndid  bij  (.'(litind  WalLtr  iStt/cait,  Sei)ltm- 
her\),  1778. 


William  Phrener. 

Roliert  Fassell. 

Charles  (Jharlton,  sick,  pres"nt. 

Corjjoni/s. 
Henry  Benner. 

William  Hntler. 
.I«»hn  Squibb. 

Drum  a  nil  Fife. 
Jacob  Piercy. 
Thomas  Hanney,  sick,  Rej,'i)iu'ntal  Hospital. 


Pi'imits. 


SainiM'l  Allen. 
Daviil  l^olland. 


1      *. 


I  mi 


.„,_i.i,frvf 


m 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


1^ 


(Mijiiiiun 


Clift 


oil. 


Juliii  <Triihani. 
Will  ill  111  Judges. 
Rlichat'l  Miwtin. 
Jacob  Mii^iser. 
Tliomas  Ford. 
Williuin  Sample. 
Nathaniel  Williaius. 
Henry  ]\IeKinzie. 
James  RalolilT. 
Harr  Haige. 
John  McCleod 
John  Kellv. 


riu'istian 


New. 


Fn-der'.ck  Ivevinhurg. 

Jt)liii  Sullivan. 

Al)i'aham  Evans?. 

Charles  riiamliers. 

Jus.  Porter.  • 

Jolin  I'atterson. 

Jaeol)  ReddhelTer. 

John  'riiriii':'. 

John  Snxit. 

William  Rntledtje. 

Thtiiiias  (rilby. 

John  Shields,  with  the  Li^ht  Infantry. 

William  Williams,  with  the  Litjlit   Infantry. 

Francis  Mason,  with  the  Light  Infimtry. 

Adam  Ft)nt/,  baking  for  the  arm\. 

Paul  PempU',  baking  for  the  army. 

liobt'rt  Finley,  command.  Yellow  Springs. 

Jacob  Hood,  making  coals. 

Daniel  Stevenson,  waggoner. 

John  McCourts,  waggoner. 

Peter  Jacobs,  waggoner. 

John  (Jolliiis,  on  two  days  command. 

riiristian  i\larlow,  sick,  pi'eseut. 

E.lward  Walker,  sick,  Trmtim. 

Tho-.  l^iitli-r,  sick,  Trenton. 

James  (^rosby,  sick,  Yellow  Si)rings.. 

William  Ledley,  sick,  Valley  Forge. 

Luihvig  Whitman,  sick,  Princeton 


'<)H\-1'.\TTKU8()N,   Cdptilill. 


I  f    ■^u 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


423 


A  roll  of  Captain  Joseph  HowelVn  company,  September  \)th,  1778. 

Jacob  Weill  man,  Sergeant. 
John  Dallis,  Ser^^eant. 
l^atriek  Deady,  Sergeant. 
James  (rlover,  Corporal. 
Joseph  Dunlap,  Corporal. 
Darby  Cunningham,  Corporal. 
John  St.  John,  Druumier. 
John  Williams,  Fifer. 

Privates. 
ThoniaH  Madden. 
JacoV)  Waggoner. 
John  Muri)hy. 

Thomas  Crow,  on  command  at  Tarrytown. 
Henry  Milton,  on  comniaau  at  the  Lines. 
David  Bayne. 
Laurence  Gannon. 
Kichanl  McMahon. 

James  Ryan,  on  Command  at  Hackensack. 
Joseph  Jones. 
Philip  O'Foy. 

James  Martin,  with  the  Infantry  at  the  Lines. 
James  O'Neal. 
Daniel  Laing. 

Isaac  Cxarrison,  on  command  at  the  Lines. 
Jolin  Vaughen,  sick  at  the  Regimental  Hospital. 
Nicholas  Horn. 
Frederick  Jiro'.vn. 

John  Coon,  with  the  Infantry  at  the  Lines. 
John  Abett,  with  the  Infantry  at  the  f^ines. 
Frederick  Hiesler,  on  command  at  Philadelphia.  ,  .. 

Edward  (Jook. 

Simon  Trayner,  sick  at  the  Regimental  Hospital. 
John  Davis. 
John  Mullin,  Senior. 
George  Miller. 
Philip  Kepps. 

Samuel  Dundy,  waiter  for  (reneral  Wayne. 
Edward  Williamson,  waggoner. 
I'hilip  Clein. 

.lohn  Ponseiler.  , 

Michael  Mc(^alester. 


I 


',S\ 


it 


43i 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Edward  Jones. 

William  Bowman. . 

Thomas  White. 

Edward  Butler. 

James  Robinson. 

William  Peterson. 

John  MuUin,  Junior. 

Noble  Crone,  With  the  Artillery. 

Arthur  Stewart. 

Daniel  (iodsgrave. 

Robert  Hope. 

Daniel  Shay. 

John  Norton.  • 

Thomas  Leister. 

Richard  Lewis. 

Thomas  Harnett,  taken  Prisoner  at  ye  Lines,  August  32,  1778. 


'1     if 


Boll  of  Captain  John  MarshalVs  compnnt/,  Secmd  Hegiment 
Pennsylvania,  commanded  by  Col.  Walter  Stewart,  Septem- 
ber 8th,  1778. 

John  Cowen,  Sergeant,  enlisted  August  35.  1777. 

William  McDonald,  Sergeant. 

John  Husley,  Sergeant. 

Frederick  Long.  Corporal. 

Levi  Davis,  Corporal.  .  ^ 

William  Hannah,  Corporal.  ■ 

Robert  McWillin.  " 

Jolni  McWaid. 

William  Moarns. 

•Tere  Michael  Bierdon. 

Michael  Brogan. 

William  Mallack. 

.Tohu  McCowan.  ., 

Frederick  Leonard. 

George  Wolb.        ► 

Myies  Ryan.  , 

Holl)ert  Douglass. 

John  Fullerton. 

John  McKinney.  ,     . 

.John  McCormick. 

Daniel  Davis. 

Joseph  Fritz. 


TKE  PEN>'SYLVAN1A  L15E. 


425 


William  Shiel(L<. 

Doiuild  WilliaIn^on. 

John  Laird. 

David  Larltin. 

Jacoo  vJoone. 

Jac  )b  Stineliough. 

Richai'd  Harding. 

.Tames  Smith. 

.Tolin  Tii(Aripson.  "  _^ 

SamuH  Harvey.  ' 

Henry  Hamilton. 

Daniel  C.  Mc Entire. 

Henry  W'se. 

Daniel  Hatherhouse. 

John  Coolie. 

Jaool)  Slyder. 

Nicholas  Coleman. 

Josei)h  Lewes. 

.lames  Kdgar. 

Thomas  Armstrong. 

John  Organ. 

John  Sehion. 

William  Fitzgerald. 

David  Crawley. 

.Fames  Wation,  on  command,  Light  Infantry. 

Malcome  McCohan,  on  commanvi.  J-iirht  Infantry. 

Charles  Warclots,  on  command,  Light  Infantry. 

Christopher  l^rowne,  on  command,  Light  Infantry 

Henry  Cooster,  on  command.  Light  Infantry. 

BVederick  Kinsel,  on  command,  one  weeli. 

James  Thompson,  on  command,  two  weeks.  ' 

William  Mc(/ornnck,  sick:  absent  W.  Plains 

Conroad  Miller,  sick  ;  al)sent  New  ^Jastle. 

Robert  Garret. 

Lewes  Bryon,  diserted. 

Cliristopher  Reynhold.  Drnmmer 

William  Mnrrny.  Fifer. 

Jonathan  riii/.  Sergeant  jMajor. 

Robert  Wallace,  Quartermaster  Sergeant 

William  Hennig,  Drum  INIajor. 

Daniel  Mc/Jarty,  Fife  Major 

J.  Marshall,  Captain. 


if  ' 


mm 


430 


THE  PENNSYLVAMA  LINE. 


A  loll  of  Ma /or  Joint.  Mnrrni/s  Comyarnj,  Hfcnnd  Pennsylvania 
Jief/hiietif,  cointnuiiilefl  by  C'oloutl  Walter  Uteioart,  iS^ptember 
9,  1778. 


Jacob  Miirpliy. 
.foliii  Justice. 
James  Wiimin}^. 

John  Ross 
John  Scannel. 
John  8ai.se. 


^ergeaiitt 


Corporals 


Drum  and  Fife 


Privaten, 


John  Mnore. 
(ieorge  I  oats. 

Stephen  iSinjjlewood. 

James  L\  iwh. 

(xeorge  Weiliie.  -     ' 

Roger  Kennon. 

Andrew  8\vartz. 

George  Snyder,  on  command. 

Courad  Kenney 

Andrew  Hyan. 

Stephen  Jjewis.  on  (•omman<l. 

J'atrick  I\!nhun>,  siek,  present 


J 


aines 


U 


oore 


Robert  (irness. 

Jacob  Walter,  on  command. 

James  He  Vitt. 

Patrick  Ivelly. 

William  Powers. 

.fohu  King. 

John  E'higlish,  on  dnty. 

Jolm  Francis,  on  duty. 

.Tohn  Callaghan,  on  duty. 


Tl 


lomas 


Jon 


es.  oil  duty. 


.Tat'ob  Bilker 


Owen 


Jam 


es,  on  command 


Ijudwig  Houser. 
Peter  Ri.^e.  sick  :  Valley  Forge. 
iSrichael  iSiUlivan,  sick,  Prunswicl 
Patrick  Richard,  sick,  present. 
Henrv  Guess. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


487 


William  .lolmston,  on  coiniuand. 

John  Intfl". 

James  Price,  sick,  Valley  Forge. 

James  Ellison,  on  commaiid. 

Robert  Magiuton.  ' 

Fre»leriek  Hull. 

David  Hannah. 

Andrew  McCartney,  on  command. 

Philil)  Vanamaker, 

Jolm  Lynch. 

Michael  Derry. 

Philip  Jones. 

Patrick  Themsey,  confinerl. 

Barry  Cunningham. 

Samuel  Leacoant. 


A  Roll  of  Lieiitennnt  Colonel  Heurjt  Miller'' s  Compamj,  Septein- 

be?-  9,  17:8. 


Gerard  Riddle. 
Robert  McKillip. 
Andrew  Ralston. 

George  Roberts. 
Robert  Herrin;^. 
Robert  McLoughlin. 

John  Bayles. 

William  .fohnston. 

Andrew  Dilman. 
James  Martin. 
John  Frazer. 
Tin)ma.s  Zei  mins. 
iSfichael  Regan. 
Francis  Regan. 
William  Butler. 
RobtM't  Young. 
Thomas  Malser. 
HughTwik, 
.Ti»hn  Notestain. 
George  Limrecks. 


Sevf/eantti. 
Corporals. 

I)rii  miner. 
'  Fifer. 
Privates. 


•;^      A-  i 


^      Hi 


ImH 


428 


THE  PENNtiVLVAMA  L1^'E. 


Leonard  HInkel. 

Lewis  Carpenter. 

Michael  Fink. 

Balser  Maze. 

William  Gristock. 

Godfrey  Devey. 

David  Alspaiif^h. 

Patrick  MoNay.  -  . 

John  Winsley,  two  days  command. 

Thoma**  Knee,  one  week  s  cuniniand. 

Cornelius  Dwyer. 

Michael  Wheeiant. 

Henry  Musket nough,  on  command. 

Thomas  Smith. 

James  McQuillen. 

Michael  Curts. 

Phillip  Smith,  on  command  at  ye  comtiiissaries. 

Francis  Keel,  waiter. 

George  Conrad,  on  command  at  Beaker. 

Stophel  Stainhighel,  on  command  in  .ve  infantry  at  ye  lines. 

John  Burney,  on  command  in  ye  infantry  at  ye  lines. 

Andrew  Brock,  on  command  in  ye  infantry  at  ye  lines. 

Peter  Messersmith,  on  command  in  ye  infantry  at  ye  lines. 

Jacob  Shi'ifley,  on  command  ;  waggoner. 

Adam  Musketness,  on  command  ;  waggoner. 

John  Graceley,  on  command  ;  waggoner. 

Benjamin  Bagg,  on  command  in  ye  ai  tillery. 

William  Wilkens,  sick  at  a  barry  one  inile  from  camp. 

Hugh  Hughs,  sick;  absent  at  ye  Yellow  Springs. 

John  Fara  lay,  sick  at  Princetown. 

•lames  ]\[cClay,  sick  at  Tiancaster. 

Michael  Redman,  pioneer  for  yo  aVjove  company. 

,  JOHX    COBEA, 

Lieutenant  Second  Peimsi/lvam'a  Regiment. 


A  Roil  of  Colonel  Walter  Steiroft's  Company  of  the  Second  Penn- 
sylvania Regiment.,  Commanded,  by  Captain  Peter  Gosner. 


John  IMcItay. 
Kershaw  Peeling. 

James  Pegnam. 
Thomas  Kennedy. 


Sergeanti: 
Corporals. 


* 

• 

THE  PEN>SYLVANIA  LINE. 

439 

Jesse  Moore. 

Drum  and  Fife. 

Michael  O'hagan. 

Pricaten. 

, 

John  Cochran 

(ieorge  Unroa 

, 

Thomas   Kulhn. 

Hugh  Mulholliu. 

• 

Patrick  Cross. 

RicliRi-d  W.illaee. 

. 

Henry  Bole.  ' 

John  Null.  ' 

Detrich  Ourtrand.  . 

Patrick  Walker. 

William  Mcllvain. 

Pacrick  Collins. 

William  Obryan.- 

Jacob  Del  ph. 

Conrad  Stone. 
*  William  Barber. 

Richard  Burns. 

James  Steol. 

William  Warner. 

Joseph  Jhvdd<jn. 

xindrcw  Carter. 

Walen  livdy. 

Matthew  Hoerner 

James  Sedt.  ^ 

Tliomns  Murry. 

Isnifl  Pifer.  .  . 

Christoplier  Cackler. 

Andrew  Drukabrod,  oii  command. 

Patrick  Sullivan 

Matthew  Doltiin.     . 

John  Harnian. 

Charles  (.'arter. 

Stout  Branson. 

Godfrey  Redricdc. 

William  Mitchell. 

Thonuis  Brady,  on  detachment 

William  Murray,  on  detachment. 

John  Blakely,  on  detachment. 

William  Elliot. 

George  Biddleson,  waggoner. 

Thomas  Smitli,  fora^?ing. 

Daniel  Godshall.  drafted  to  artillery. 

Pkter  Gosxkr,  Captain. 


'  .It-...  ■ 


r 

'^rr^-.fl 

(• 

V-         ||g 

r 
1, 

^fl'^  '^ 

r 

!-»-'>, 

i 

f« 


«^a 


'%''>■ 


if  II 


4'M 


T  H  K  V K  N  N  H  Y I  <  V  A  M  A  1,1  N  K, 


.1  Trtw  Stilt)  III'  dtptitfu  Sttninr/  Ti)tf»>ti's  Cninfurttif  in  fhr  Sri'iiiid 
liejjhm  lit  nf  l\  liiisi/trniiKt,  ('oinindinlvd  /'//  loioiid  IT.  {<((itu 
oH,,  itei^temher  I),  ITia. 


S(itini(>l  Hmns. 


nines  Mwvi'iv 


ThoiuMM  Ufirvin 


•Sfiitffant'i. 


u/)ornls. 


N.itlmniiil  nr.MM.i.Mi    -icU.   \iilli>>    I''m' 
.lohu  Ki'lh  . 
,l<>l\n  MtM  'mIImiii. 


>?♦'• 


I 


I 


.1) 


*    '^mt^ 


«|v 


0\ 


vv<>n  .Imiui's. 


Alcx.ni.'.M"  Kiirk. 
.loscplj    llanis. 
William  Karr. 


Mat 


U'W 


I.hKb 


.toliM  Hnniilion 
l>.u\iol  M.'Ciilia. 
I'lMcr  Kiuj;-. 
.liimcs  »»mv. 
John  ( 'rossou. 
Koh;>rt  \'<-ni<Mi. 
.lolm  Kvciliart. 

Koh.'lM    S;jn(itM-S. 

William  Kohjnson. 
Charirs  l>oi(Mi. 
H«'urv  Collins. 


Will 


iam  l^'\an. 


Andrew  Yoiiiijf. 
.loM'ph  Ht'id. 
.Ijiun^s  Kt'lly. 
.lolm  Kvcrt. 
Valfiit  ino  Millor 
Val«MHin«'  Hanlon. 
John  M(>ntoaron. 
}V':t'r  Pci'ks. 


^iut 


iani<'l  SiiijiftM'i 


Ihnni  nuif  Fife- 


I'rn'fitf'ft. 


TDK   I'KNNHYIA'AMA    LINK 


J:;  I 


<Miristi/ui   Wliitt'l's,  nil  i-iiiiiiiniinl 

Jiiliii   I'^i'il/,  on  (■niiitiinii'l. 

A  iidri'W  MillH,  1)11  (•'iiiiiuMiiil 

.IiiPit'M  i\I('liiin',  nil  ciiniiiuiinl 

.loliii  ( 'lirjsl  >',  oil  (■••Miiiuniil 

Diirliv  Hill  h'lv,  Mii'U,  Viill'V  I'm-irp. 

'riioinnK  M('(<tM>,  hIcU,  Vnllfv  I'dij^m. 

< 'liriMtupln'r  ( "|i»/,(>,  HJi'U,  \'/ill<'y  I'mi^''' 

Hopp.'l  lli'iriiiu.  nick,  V'mIIi'v   P'ori^f. 

.lollll    MiMJi'MII,    sil'U,    V'(lll>'\     I'lilirr. 

<  JiMii'n<'  Mf'rkiiiMti,  hIiiU,  <  ft'in'iiil  llii-<|iiuil 

II  i',\riY   I)    I'riMi', i,f,. 
f,ii  nil  iKi  III  Si  c, III/   Hi  I/I  nil  III ,   I'l  n  in^nli'iiiiiii 

I  |'',ii.|(»rs('i|  I    Sttili'   ul'   ('iipliiiii    Md.miK'l    'riijlicii   s   ('(iiii|i/uii 
SiMMiiiil  U)<^;iiil(>lil    I'tiliiisylviiiiid,  MfplfiiilMT  !),   n7H. 


(•()!,(  )N|.;  I,    riloM  \,S  <'|{  \  KiS  'I'll  I  Kl»     I'KNNSVIA'AM 

IMviLMICN'l' 


,1    l.inl  nf   n/fh'iis  ii'lin  hnn    Si  It'll/     in    Ihr    I'liiiil    I'l  n.iisiil  vn  n\<- 
liiuiinn  III  siiin    i/i    f-'iisl    fhn/  i<(  .Iniinu i  ij,    liii,  /"  '/"■    I'liiin 
lliiif,  irilh    llii'ir     llniilc,    /In/rs    nf    ( 'mii niis'simis.    /'I'liiinlii'iin. 
l)il(i',s  iif   Vitcdiivifs,   lii'iunrn/s  n.iiil   <  'nniudlits,  Ailfjti.sl'.K   In**. 

'  'iilnili  I ■ 
.losrpll    Wooij,   Si'pl  cIiiIkT  ■;,    1171)  ;    r."-itf  tl<'<  I    Hcl  iilicf    I,    ImT. 

f,ii  III-  nil  III    f  'nlnin  /v  , 

'I'l  I  oil  Ml  H  (  'nii^,  St>pl  fill  li'i"  1 ,  1  iT'l ;   promoi  I'li  (  'dIoi.ci.  AiiKiHt   I 

i;;7 

Uii.lolph    HiiniitT,  A  injiiHl   1.   ITTT:    Uillcj  iit   t  li--  Hiil  I  In  of  Mon 


iiioiil  h,  .liiiii-  'J>^, 


.1/ 


"./"' 


.Insinli    ilMi'iii.ir,  MiirclHl.  1777,     proini  n  id    l,ii'iit)-iiiuit   ("oloiif 


.Inimarv  i.  177a 


All  intmil. 


(<«M)r(,o'  I?()SH,  April  I,   1777;  ri"-inii«M|  July  ;!l,  1777 

I  'ii jitn i lis. 
Inliii  Hrisldiii,   J.iiimify  ■"),   I7;i;.   r.'-is^Mif.l  Sfpt  t-iiilxT  I.  1777. 
,I(iliii  niiliiii4.  .Iini'inry  'i,  177  i ;   pio'iioi  i-d  Mn  joi  Juih' <i,  1777. 
.loiiii  !{i  i"^.',  .liuHiiiry  •"),  I77tt;  ^(•-i^•Il'■<i  i)"r   hiIht  ;;i,  1777. 


$- 


V 


■j:fj 


TMK  I'KNNSYI.VAiNlA   LINK 


'rii'>iiiii>  '.-.   Mooif.  Alu\  'Jl,   177(1. 

.Iniiit's  M<ton>,  Novi'iiil»(>i-  |  |,  ]77(!:   \tH\  ,Iiil>   'JO,  1770. 
.IiulH's  <  "lir\si  ir.   N.i\  rinlt.'i-  11.   I7r(l,   viif.    A  iif,'ii,H|  <»,  177(|. 
.lolni  (ir<>s>.  April  1,  1777;  i'a>lii(«r<>(l  July   I,  1777. 
'I'll. •inns  Muti.r,  .\pi'il  1,  1777:  coin.  ( )(M<>!.(«r  I,  177(1;  l)\('in>liiiii 
Jiuyiirtls  proiiiol  iuii  in  aiiotlit  r  r<'j;iiut  lit . 

/■'irst   Lit  nil  iniiif  i. 
Il« my  l':\»pl«'.  Novcml'.T  1  i.  r;7ii  ;  In  ( 'iiptniu  .Inl\    I.  17.1;  .1;  ii 

(t.  1777  ;   l^•si^'n.>^l  April  !>.  177H. 
William  Ci-ain'.  April  1.  1777  ;  lo  ( 'npiaiii  S..pt<-iiilH>r  7.  1777  ;  Jul v 

I.  i::;. 

.lamc.-^  Mhn'k,  .\pril  1.  1777;   vac.   ( t<Molicr  :;.   1770. 

(icr^ft*  McCiilloy.  April  1.   177^;  \ac.  Ociul.cr  I,  1770. 

.lames  ,\niisi  runj,'.  April  1.  Wi:  .   \ac.  (  N-i  olicr  4,  1771}, 

.Inliii   Mar>liall.  April  1.  I7r;:  vac.  .lam.iary  10,  1777. 

.lacoi)  Di'.iUc.   .Ma>    1.  i:;7.   rcsi«;uc.l  N  on  i>iiil)ci- 'JIJ,  1777. 

James  .Moni^'oniirx .  .\nril   1.  1777;    rcsi^;iictl  Scpti'inbcr  1,  1777. 

.SV  rnUii    l.ii  Itii  nn  nfs. 

Majliias  Liikciis,  April  1.  1777;  ilicd  March 'J  1.  177K 
JaJiies  Hir.l.  April  1.  !7:r     rc-Lfncl  N.m.muImm- :?,  1777. 
Torcival    Hntlcr.   ,\prii    Kl,    i::7:    Novcitilx-r   •J:i.  1777,    l.>   h'irst 
I.ii'iiii'iiaut  1>\    iiiiMii.'naiit    I  >rMkc  s  rcsi^iuil  ion. 


J.imi's  t )( i>,   .\pi-il 


rcsi.rn,.  I   \|)i\   lil,  i: 


Dani.'l  Si.  Clair.  April  !,  ir:7  ;     proiiioicd   to    I'lrsl     I,iciilcii,nil 

Scptcmlicr  1,   1777. 
>'alha,ni«'l    McMiillan.  .\pril   1.  1777;  died  of  his  wountlw  ( )clolii'r 


is,  r 


/'. 


iisn/n 


Samuel  ('oiili.>r.  .\pril  1,  1777:  resi^'iK-d  (»cl    lier  :tl,  1777. 
John  <»oldsniii  h.vXpril  vM,   1777:  di'serted  OctolierSl.  1777. 
William     Hiis^.>ll.    April   'JI.  1777:    lost     a     le^    at      Mraiidvwiiu' 

Mat  tie. 
IVtiiicl  (\tm|tl)-ll,  April  •,'•.»,  17r7;  killed  in  .liinc,  1777. 
James  l.owes.  .\pril  1.  1777:  rcsj^tncd  ( )(i  olier  :U.  1777. 
John  Vounic.  .\pril  •.'(>.  1777;  resigned  ,)  nl\   lit.  1777. 
J>aniel  Mc|)onald.  .\ pril  1,  1777. 
John  Xcwly,  .\pril  'JO,  1777:  rcsi^iu'il  July  ;U,  1777. 

('<tpfaiii. 
John  Reijy,  May  00.  l777.fioiii  Captain  LietHeuaiit  :  Juucl,  177.S, 
remoM'd  from  ihe'rweltih  I{ej;iineni. 

First  Lh'nfeiiant. 
Tohii   Hen.h'rsou,  October  I.  177(1:    iviuovtnl  trotn  t he  Twelfth 


H 


e^Mi.ent. 


TIIK  I'KNNiSVIA'AMA   1,1  NF 


Siri)ii.(/    iJi'lUi'/ndlll. 


488 


Itliu'UJmll  Willijim    null,  ftfny  ao,  1T77.    vikv    April    I.   1777,     r.'^ 
in()\<>il  Irom  I  In-  T  •  i-ICl  li  KcKiintiit . 

Ensigns. 

Anilr.'w    Kiii^'l.',   O.-IuImt   1.    1770;    Rliiy  'iit,    1777.    r.-iiKiv.d   rr..m 

III)-  'l\v)-lt'l  h  Uc^iiiiciil. 
.loliii  Ariiisl  roii^;,   iMiiy,  1777;     rt'iimvcil  lium  t  lie 'rwdlt  Ii  llcj^i- 

iiit'iit. 
I'<>t<>r  Sniitli,  ii|)|ioiiil)Ml,  tint  liil<<  n,rruiiK*'iii<'!il 
.loliii  \Vi;^t()ii    ii|i|ii>iiil  I'll,  till'  ia.l<'  ni'riiii)i(<-iii)-nl . 
liiirlianl   I''iili<'i((ni,  JoiiKMi  T'clniiary,  177H;  u|>|»)iiii  <'<!,  ili<-    hitx 

iinnn^jft'iiH'iil 
'I'homns    II  iiljii^,  joiiHMJ    I'l'ln-iin  ry,     177b;    M|ip<>iiil  <•(!,    Ili<>    IjHm 

ii,rra,ii>4<'iin'iit. 

i\.  I'l.  ('(iptaiiis  S/i.iiiiit'l  ,\lt)(irt'.  ''iirisl.yi'  ami  Hut  It-r  wcr<i 
II Mowed  llii  II Uh  a('(Mir*liiig  i<»  t  lu'  <latr  of  I  he  aim vc  vatrancjcM  hy 
a  Koiird  (iT  I'icid  (  HlhrtTK  who  hmI  mI  N'liiiey  I'or^jf.  Likt'wiHM 
a  \  .'ii'iiiicy  luip|M'iit'd  for  liii'iili'iiaiil  Hliuk  to  In-  |ii-oiiiot  "d  to 
('u,|)lM,iii  .St'ptfiiilirr  1,  1777;  tor  liiHiitcmiiit  i\Ic< 'iiliy  Octobur 
'iO,   I7rr;  for  Idt'iiti'iiaiil   AriiiHt rmiK  A priH),  177h. 

'I'lloMAM  li.   iMooftK. 
('(tpliiiii  ('niiiiHniiffiii;/  'I'tiinl  I''  inisjilni niii    liiti'nintil. 

I  I'liidorsfd  I  |{('l  urn  o|  l  Iii>  (  Hllrcr,-  ol  t  lif  Third  J'l'iiiisylvnnia, 
Ui'ghuciil,  Aii>{it>l  2l»,  l7iH. 


A   Hull  of  Ihi'    Mdj'nr's  Coiii/iti iif/  in  l/n    'I'liiid  /'fini.si//.nfnn'ii  Jifff/' 
.    hiii'iit.   f'iininiinii/i i/  hi/  f'i)/oncl  'J'/miiiit-s  Crat'f/. 


Itichard  Collins,  NovtMiiln-r  II,   ITTtl;  sick  iirt'Sfiil. 
I'.'i.-r  .Mack,  I'.'l.niary  I,    1777. 
Wiiliaiu  'I'liiiks,  De.-.'iiib.-r '.i I,   1770. 


II  [)( trills. 


Wniiam  OITy. 

Aliniliaiii  Dt^hart,  on  tlic  line. 
Hannicl   DoyI, 

William  Hri^^s.   April  20,   1770. 
ab-Vou   XV. 


n 


r- 


(h 


mm 


434 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Drum  and  Fije. 
John  McClnlen. 
William  Tiiuks,  May  20,  1777. 

Privates.  •     ' 

William  Darlington. 

Henry  Wimer,  on  tne  line. 

John  Rees.  .         .  ' 

Daniel  Lafferty.  • 

Thomas  Gibson. 

Robert  Cnnningham,  December  20,  1776-  . 

James  Robeson. 

Daniel  Gal icar;  with  (Ten.  St.  Clair. 

William  Welch. 

Etlward  Coller. 

Marmailuk  Berwick,  Jannary  9,  1777. 

Barry  Curly. 

I'^reilerick  Shaffer,  on  the  line 

William  Works. 

Ki)hraim  Nunn,  wafjffoner. 

John  Buxton,  March  10,  1777. 

Jt>hn  Jordon. 

Jjuiies  Dasl«y,  waggoner.  .         ,  . 

James  Fiinn. 

William  Ral)b,  rifle  regiment. 

William  Deggon,  Lord  Sterling's  waggoner. 

Franci.s  Perril. 

Join;  Henderson,  sick  at  the  Yellow  Spiings. 

Jolin  McManness,  sick  at  the  Yellow  Springs. 

Phillip  V'erner,  sick  at  the  Yellow  Springs-. 

Henry  Doyle,  commissary  general,  wagg«>iier. 

Alexander  Craig,  on  furlough. 

Pntti'ick'Flennigon    sick  at  French  Creek. 

William  Cornet,  sick  at  French  Creek.  .  ' 

Conriul  f'rabner,  sick  at  French  Creek. 

John  McKlewain,  on  furlough. 

Thomas  Benston,  rille  regiment. 

William  Shields.  ,  •  ' 

iMatthew  Kt'lgner. 

Htigh  Boyle,  at  the  Black  River. 

Peter  Egnew,  sick  at  Yellow  Springs. 

Thomas  Hulino, 
Eu.st'gn  Third  Pfitusylxania  Regiment. 
I  Endorsedl  Company  Rolls  of  the  Third   Pennsylvania  Rogi- 
nient,   September  10,  1778.  . 


THK  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


485 


.1  Hull  of  the  L/entenniit'n  Conipany  nf  the  Tliird  Pt-)t,)iKu^pania 
Regimtiit,  (Jummdudtd  bij  Culunel  Thomas  Craiy.  istpteniOtr 
10,  1778. 


Serfjeunlt;^ 
John  liordon. 

.h)hu  Hide.  ■        . 

James  Mitchnl. 
Philip  Everhart.  .       ' 

Corporals. 

Adam  Rex,  sick,  French  Creek. 

.FanieH  Moore,  surveyintj. 

Tlionias  Mcllwayne. 

Privates 
Mat  lie  w  Dair. 

Nathaniel  Fagan. 

John  Cain. 

Thomas  Shields. 

Edward  Shippey. 

Michael  J)o\vd. 

Thomas  Cox.  ■  * 

Nichoia-*  Ulaman. 

(reorge  Taylor. 

Edward  Leo. 

William  Williams. 

Miciu'fl  WiKlgoose. 

James  O'Neal. 

Anthony  Dnnlevy. 

Michael  Wn Iters. 

William  Ricketts. 

Peter  Eversole. 

Benjamin  Byoran. 

Philip  Micks. 

Jdha  (^uirlck. 

Jolm  Smith. 

Jery  Deal,  light  infantry. 

Nathaniel  Dickey,  lighi  iiifanh'y. 

John  M<'ll''arr,  two  week- command. 

H -nry  Rorck,  sick.  Yellow  Spl•ill^'s. 

■lacoh  Hough,  sick.  Yellow  Springs. 

IVter  R'"'  •  .  "ick.  Yellow  Springs 

J.  hi.  .[(.hn^frMi.  ,Mck,  Whit.'  Plains. 

Jolni  Evans.  Kick,  Yellow  Springs 

Tiiomns  R»-»»«M'>fTt,  sick,  Yellow  Hprln^w. 


r 


T 


436 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Lambert  Moore,  absent  without  leave. 
Tlioiuas  Marshall,  sick,  White  Plains. 
Weuille  Lawrence,  furlough. 
Miohael  Mayse,  sick,  Yellow  Springs, 
biphraim  Harnier,  sick,  tmknown  where. 
JaniHS  Haniinilron,  with  the  rifle  men. 
Adam  Strieker,  sick,  Princetown. 


'I    ''      '  "' 
i|    ;  s^   f 

I! 


■!  l\ 


A  Roll  of  Colonel  Thomas  Craig's  Company  of  ye   Third  Penn- 
■sylcania  Regiment,  Heptember  ye  10th,  1778. 

Sergeants. 

John  Belong,  December  5,  1770. 

(Jharles  Ford. 

John  Henderson. 

Samuel  Seely.  sick,  absent. 


Corporals. 


Thomas  Orms. 

John  Minor,  with  infantry 

Conrad  Shiar. 

Privates. 
Edward  Long. 
John  McUinness. 
John  Gray. 
Samuel  Moody. 
Jacob  Haiisf. 
ChriHtiiiii  Miller. 
Baltl^  Crist. 
Andrew  Malliii, 

Piiilip  Mic-hae!,  two  weeks  command 
Hi'ury  Liibarr. 
Hi'iiry   Humeli. 
I*atri('k  (  ambel. 
George  Fisher. 
Archibald  Parker. 
Richard  Curren. 
David  Logan, 
.lolin  Marrs. 
Neigal  Parock 
Caspi^M'  <  'ool 
Duniel  Crounovor. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


437 


Patrick  McGinness. 

John  Marrin.  > 

Petter  McGregor. 

Berth,  (fanning,  att  hospital. 

Jolni  Wliite,  att  liospital. 

Aaron  McDonnell,  att  hospital. 

James  Wilson,  att  liospital. 

.Tosiah  Hiitfinan,  att  hospital. 

Thiniothy  Burns,  att  hospital. 

Barny  McGloclin,   att  liospital. 

James  Franney,  att  hospital. 

Hugh  Cfovvans,  with  infamry. 

Thomas  Shafer,  Avith  infantry 

Moses  Greer,   witli  infantry. 

George  Byars,  waggon  conductor. 

John  Johnson,   waggoner,  with  Commissary  Ramsey.  > 

John  Tool,  with  surveyors. 

Nicholas  Ivazer,  deserted. 

Ezekiel  Kichsson,  drummer. 

William  McCalrey,  fifer. 

Thomas  L.  Moore,  Captain  Commander. 


A  Roll  of  Captain  William  Craiifs  Company  in  t/ifr  T/iiid  Penn- 
sylvnuia  Rer/lment,  Commanded  by  Colonel  Thomas  Craig, 
AiKjmt  10,  1778. 


Sergeants. 

William  Carman,  sick,  present. 
Andrew  McLean.  October  IG,  1776. 
Ulrick  Whiteman. 
George  Cline,  November  4,  1770. 

Corporals. 
Pinnis  Ftirltw. 
f^^dward  (-ummings. 
Terance  Bennit,  on  bullock  guard. 
JiiMies  Brown. 

Privates. 
Patrick  ^IcAnalley. 
Neal  MoKinsey. 
.Fohn  McGuire. 
liiiwrence  Slown. 
James  McAnailey. 


!*        S 


,"Jli 


4:J8 


THE  PENNSYLV^VNIA  LINE, 


Nathaniel  Siiuson. 

William  Barratt,  November  1,  177G. 

Dimnack  Hann. 

James  Peck. 

James  Darrety. 

George  Dalmuiies. 

Conrod  Smith. 

Jieuanl  ^Milles. 

Adam  Wilhalm. 

Jacol)  Naughoyle. 

John  Willard..  " 

John  Hayan. 

William  Hulet. 

John  Reily,  lifHi-,  November  2.  lT7(i:  siek.  present. 

Ri(diartl  Shortr,  sick,  present. 

James  Montgomery,  on  a  week's  command. 

Frederick  Deemes,  in  the  infintry. 

Christopher  Mannan,  in  the  inlintry. 

.Tames  McCormack,  in  the  infintry. 

John  IMcCiill,  on  command  in  rifle  regiment. 

John  Cosper,  on  command  at  Snnbiiry. 

V/illiam  Demm,  in  hospital. 

\ViIliam  Mateer,  fifer,  in  hospital. 

Jam  s  Toner,  in  hospital. 

Francis  Coonce,  in  liospital. 

Thomas  .Johnson,  in  hospital. 

Christian  FIvenott,  in  hospital. 

Isaac  Gol)le,  in  hospital. 

John  Robertson,  on  furlough. 

George  Campbell,  on  furlough. 

Chris.  Pimberton,  on  furlough. 

John  Jameson,  sick,  present. 

f  ,   '  Thomas  L.  Moore, 

'  Captain,  Third  Ptnnsi/ioavi'a  Regiment. 


A  Roll  of  Captain  Thomas  L.  'Moore' a  Compawj,  Third  Peun- 
si/havia  liesfiment,  Commanded  bij  Colonel  Thomaa  Craiy, 
8evtemher  10,  177,« 


Sergeants. 
Thorn  MS  Kelly. 

Thomas  Collins,  Sejitember  2'2.  177<>, 
.Tohn  Page. 
JoimTov. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


43d 


Corporals.  ■ 

John  Cle*i(linning. 
James  Houston,  .January  1,  1776. 
Godfrey e  McDonnalJ. 

Privates. 
James  Anderson. 
James  Arthers. 
John  Madole. 
Michael  Dinger. 
Benjamin  Kennard. 
Duncane  McKiniey. 
John  Shenings. 
John  Battersby, 
Robert  Wilson. 
John  Green. 
Morgan  Mcintosh. 
Piiilip  Evage. 
James  Douglai**. 
Barney  Aston. 
Matliew  Thompson. 
John  Ford. 

John  Hammond.  •  . 

William  Morrow,  infantry. 
Tliomas  Gardner,  infantry. 
William  Bell,  General  Sinclear's  guard. 
William  English,  Morgan's  rille  regiment. 
Daniel  Armstrong,  Morgans  rifle  regiment. 
Joseph  King,  Morgan's  rifle  regiment. 
James  Hagerman,  bullock  guard. 
Thomas  Hardy. 

William  Truman,  waggoner,  Commissary  Lewis's 
Samuel  Thompson,  waggoner,  brigade. 
Judiah  Lepincot. 
William  Welch. 
Abraliam  Gordon. 
William  Gordon. 
James  Harley,  general  hospital. 
Mathias  Little,  general  hospital. 
John  Logan,  general  hospital. 
Mathew  Clinton,  Yellow  Springs. 
James  Hagerty.  Yellow  Si)rings. 

Thomas  L.  Moore, 
Captain,  lliird  Pennsyltiania  Regiment. 


mi 


|i»iv 


;1! 


.,^,- 

,;*ji.» 


■''-  J,    M 


-J- 


440 


THE  PENNSi^LVANIA  LINE. 


1.'  ■  v> 


t- 


A  Roll  of  Captain  James  Chrystie' s  Company,  Third  Pennsyl- 
vania Regiment,  Commanded  by  Colonel  Thomaa  Craiy,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1778. 


Sergeants. 

Thomas  Boyd,  Jight  infantry. 

William  Martin. 

Daniel  Leary. 

John  Brigs,  on  command  after  deserters, 

Pattrici;  Brown,  light  infantry. 

John  Smith. 

Drummer. 

Philip  Dairt,  sick,  Valley  Forge. 


Robert    Nettles. 


Corporal. 
Privates. 


John  DufTule. 

William  Dockerty. 

Robert  Coil. 

Thomas  Woods. 

Francis  Han)ilton. 

John  Batton. 

Andrew  Colter. 

John  Green. 

Cinotan  Hoffman. 

Henry  Hugarmers. 

Moses  Moreland. 

•fohn  Lavery.  .        . 

Charles  McCane. 

Robert  Polston,  sick,  present. 

Michael  Darcery.         ,  .  ' 

Cornelius  McClosky. 

Lanrance  Jiiirns. 

Cieorge  fireer. 

Daniel  Smith. 

James  Sweeny,  light  infantry. 

Thomas  Bachiis,  light  uifantry, 

Pattrick  Johnson,  light  infantry. 

Timothy  Muri)hy,  Morgatis  riHe  regiment. 

Samnel  Porter,  IVforgnn's  ri(1<^  regiment. 

William  INfcQiuie.  INforgans  rifl(>  i-egiinent. 

John  McKiint",  Morgan's  rille  regiment. 


THE  PENNSYLVA>'IA  LINE. 


441 


Pattrick  McMaclion,  Morgan  h  rifly  letjiinent 

Edward  Lee,  Morgan's  rille  regiment. 

Patrick  Fere),  with  the  surveyors. 

AVilhairi  Dick,  waggoner  with  CTeneral  Conway. 

Henry  Bentiy.  waggv>iier  with  Commissary  Lewis. 

Robert  Wi'ay,  sick,  quartermaster's  house. 

Edward  Meloy,  sick,  Valley  Forge. 

Pattrick  Leland,  sick,  Princetown. 

(jreorge  Losback,  sick.  Valley  Forge. 

William  House,  sick,  Kingstown. 

William  Alegan,  sick.  King's  Ferry. 

Jamks  Chrystie, 
Captain,  Third  Peiiiifii/lcania  lityiitient. 


A  Coinpaiti/   Roll  of  Captain  Samuel  Mnore's   Company  of  j/e 
Third  Pennnyloania  Regiment,  Sept.  10,  1778. 


Sergeants, 
Nicholas  Neil. 
Joseph  Cunningham. 
James  Huclianan,  on  command. 
George  Caujphell,  sick  at  Valley  Forge 

Corporals. . 
Michael  Kerr. 
William  Kirkjjatrick. 
James  Bxirns. 
Robert  Carson,  sick  at  Bethlehem. 


Drum  and  Fife. 


Peter  Williams. 
John  Tuncks. 


Privates. 
.Tohn  Stump. 

James  Duff,  on  command. 
William  Dixon. 

Christian  Miller,  sick  in  tlying  ht)S]iital. 
Josias  Crane. 
William  Mc<TOwen. 
Michat^l  Seily. 
William  Ruggles. 
Daniel  Mcl\rath. 
Grodfrey  Evick.  sick  in  flying  liospita). 


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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14580 

(716)  873-4503 


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443 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


John  Shsiak. 

John  Milligau,  sick  in  flying  hospital. 

Martin  Yost. 

Jolin  Burk,  on  command. 

Lawrence  GrilTy.  sick  in  flying  liospital. 

Martin  Perry. 

Joseph  Gordon. 

Angus  McKeever,  sick,  present. 

Jolin  Butler. 

Ricliard  Nixon. 

Micliael  Carmody,  sick  in  flying  hospital.    • 

Benjammin  Wheeler,  Second  rifle  corps. 

John  Solomon,  Second  rifle  corps. 

Charles  McClane,  sick  at  ye  Yellow  Springs. 

Tiiomas  Harper,  sick  at  Valley  Forge. 

John  Griffith,  sick  at  Valley  Forge. 

Phineas  Comes,  sick  at  Valley  Forge. 

David  Collins,  waiter  on  General  Wayne. 

Samuel  Wall. 

Henry  Himminger,  wounded  and  at  Princetown. 

Edward  Gating. 

Pkrcival  BUTLKR.  Lmiteuant. 


A  Company  Roll  of  Captain  Thomas  Butter''s  Company  of  the 
■     Third  Pennsyloanla  Regiment,  September  10,  1778. 


John  Kelse. 
Abraim  Bennett. 
Thomas  Jack. 
John  Rice. 


Sergeants. 


Pricate-^. 


Robert  Vernon,  wounded  and  prisoner. 

John  Beaty. 

James  Kverlngham.  •  ' 

James  MoConnell.  . 

James  McGill. 

Pattriok  McDonald. 

Robert  Dixon. 

James  Craig. 

John  Chambers. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


448 


Christian  Byarly. 
Jacob  Switzer. 
John  Painter. 
William  Wel)b. 
Tliouias  McPadilen. 
Hoplcins  Driver. 
John  Ferris. 
JaineH  Claris. 

.fames  Kirltondalpt.  •  " 

Robert  Powell. 
J)aniel  Kinkton. 
William  Cawley. 

Nioliolas  Beazs,  wounded  at  Monmouth. 
John  Bedman,  present  antl  not  lit  for  duty. 
Jeremiah  Vangoroten,  pro;  erit  and  not  lit  for  duty. 
Adam  Dennis,  on  com:imn(i. 
Hugh  Jones,  on  commanil  recruiting. 
Mathow  Colem.-.n,  infantry. 
John  McMillan,  infantry. 
Samuel  Mills,  on  command,  Bedford. 
Benjamin  Custard,  waiter,  L.  Sterling's. 
Jereunah  Kell,  rille  corps.  . 

Thomas  Collins,  -waggoner  to  ye  reginient. 
John  Lemon,  waggoner,  Cieneral  Lee. 
Staford  Smith,  sick,  Bedford  hospital. 
Michael  Conway,  sick,  Bedford  hospital. 
Henery  FltMuing,  sick,  Bedford  hospital. 
Pattrick  Herron,  Flying  hosi)ital.  .      • 

.lohu  Dnnwar,  sick,  Yellow  Springs. 
William  Calaghan,  sick.  Yellow  Si)rings. 
Hugh  McCormick,  sick.  Princetown.  , 

William  Lee,  lifer,  on  commnnd,  Valley  Forge;  with  the  sick. 

Tho.mas  Bi  tlku, 
Captain,  T/ifnl  Pennsi/lcuiii<i  Regiment. 


A  List  nf  thp  Names  nf  Ml  II  in  Captain  Jo/in  lirihi's  Com/iani/ 
of  t fie  Xlih'd  Pennsylvania  lief/iment,  Heptember  10,  1778. 


Daniel  Cfraham. 
Nicholas  Riem. 
(leorge  Stephens. 
A  roil  Sutton. 


Sergeantu, 


<l 


1 


mm 


I 


I 


444 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


John  K linger. 
John  NVeinier. 
James  <Ti'tihuni. 
Peter  Berry. 

John  Hayne.«, 
Robert  Kennedy 


Corpurah. 


Drum  and  Fife. 


Privates. 
Charles  Dempsey. 
Charles  McDoualtl. 
SauMiel  McFarluijf.  .         • 

Joseph  l^oniroy.  . 

Charles  Ent^lish. 
Henry  Keiger. 
James  Mahinley. 
Jolin  Rowan. 
Patrick  Hryan. 

John  I^emons.  '         i         * 

John  Brandon.  , 

Christian  Evans.  >    • 

Godfrit  Whitman. 
Daniell  Delany,  \vaKt?<^n  camp. 
William  Ollara,  watjgon  i amp.  . 

James  English,  sick,  pre.«ent. 
Sanuiel  Jennings,  sick,  present. 
Thomas  Snodgrass,  sick,  present. 
Patrick  McDontdd,  sick,  present.  , 

Abraham  Stickerworth,  sick,  present.  ,;      ♦ 

Daniel  Shehan,  Bradford  hospital. 
.Joseph  McQnilkins,  sick,  Lancaster. 
James  (yiimndns,  sick,  Lancaster. 
Richard  Hews,  sick,  Lancaster. 
Richard  Rylands,  sick,  Lancaster. 
Addam  Hurtnett,  sick,  Lancjister. 
Joiin  (Jross,  sick,   Red  Lyon.  * 

Solomon  Green,  sick,  Sunbury.  , 

James  Watters,  <»n  furlough. 

Alexander  Irvin,  on  furlough.  '    . 

Arthur  Malum,  light  iufiiulry. 

Samuel  Knap,  waiting  on  Captain  ('ham»)ers,  Snnbnry. 
Patrick  Prv,  rifle  regiment. 

H.  W.  Ball. 
Lieutenant y  llkird  PennHylcania  Rbytment. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


415 


COLONEL  FRANCIS  JOHNSTONS  FIFTH  PENNSYLVA- 

NIA  REGIMENT. 


Return  of  All  the  Officers- who  have  Se>-ce(f  ni  tht  Fifth  Peniisijl- 
vanin  Regiment  sint-e  January  1,  1T77,  untit  this  Present  Day, 
August  27,  177t:J. 


Field  Offirers. 

Francis  Johnston,  colonel ;  June  3,  177<}. 

I'er.sifer  Frtizer.  lieutenant  colonel ;  October  1,  1770. 

Tiionias   Robinson,  major;  October  2,  1770:  promoted  June?, 

1777. 
James  Taylor,    major:  September  23,    1777;  resij^ned    Aprils, 

177S. 
(>liristoplier  Sttwp,M,  major. 

Captains. 

Tliomas  Church.  January  5,   1770:  promoted  March  1,  1777. 
Frederick  Vernon,  January."),  1770;  promoted  June  7,  1777. 
James  Moore,  January  5,  1770;  promoted  September  20.  17(7. 
James  Taylor,  January  5,  1770;  promoted  Sei)tember  2:{.  1777. 
Jos'pli  Po'^ts,  January  1.  1777 ;  left  out  in  the  new  arranjfenient. 
Alexander  Johnston,  Jainiary  1,1777  ;  resi^jned  January '-?:!,  1778. 
Henjamin  Bartholomew.    January   1,    1777:  claims  rank  from 

October  2,  1770. 
John  (/iiristy,  January  1,  1777;  claims  rank  from    Octol)ei'  2:J, 

1770. 
William   Oldham.  March   24.  1777;  claims    rank   from   the  l"itli 

Noveml)er,  1770. 
Samuel  Smith,  appointed  March  1.  1777.  * 

Robert  Grret^ft?,  appointed  June"7,  1777. 
Isaac  Seeley,  appointed  September  20.  1777. 
Thomas  Houde,  appointe<l  September  2:5,  1777. 
(.Miarles  McHi'ury.  appointed  January  23,  1778;  left  out  in  the 

new  arantjemeut. 

First  Lii  iifhitunfs.  '  ' 

Samuel  Smith,  Jantiary  5.  1770:  promoted  March  1.  1777 
Alexander    McClintock,   January  1,  1777;  killed  September  11, 

ll  i  I. 


' 


\  .  .  >  ill 


11 


446 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Robert  Gregj;,  January  1,  1777;  promoted  June  7,  1777. 
Isaac  Seeley,  January  1,  1T77;  promoted  fcieptember  20,  1777  (6.) 
Thomas  Houtle,  January  1,  1777;  promoted  September  2iJ,  1777. 
Charles  McHenry,  January  1,  1777;  promoted  January  23,  1778. 
Job  Vernon,  Januaiy  1,  1777. 
John  Barcley,  January  1,  1777. 

Adam  O+t,  Marcli  24,  1777;  resigned  Ai)ril  20,  1777. 
Levi  tfrifllth,  appointed  March  1,  1777. 

Joseph  Stanley,  api)ointed  April  20,  1777;  died  April  10,  1778. 
Alexander  Martin,  appointetl  June  7,  1777. 
George  North,  ai)pointed  8epteml)er  11,  1777. 
James  Forbes,  api>ointed  Septemb(>r  20,  1777. 
James  MeCollofh,  apjwinted  September  23,  1777. 
William  SUolHeld,  appointed  January  23,  1778;  left  out  in  the 
new  arrangement. 

Second  Lieutenants. 

Levi  GriiTlth,  January  1,  1777;    promoted  March  1,  1777. 
Josejih  Stanley,  January  5,  1777;  promoted  April  30,  1777. 
Alexander  Mortin,  January  1,  1777;  promoted  June  7,  1777. 
George  North,  .Jiinuary  1,  1777;  proMioted  September  11,  1777. 
James  Forbes,  January  1,  1777;  promoted  Septem))er  20,  1777. 
James  McColloch,  Jantuiry  1,  1777;  promoted  Septeml)er  23,1777. 
William  SkoMleld,  January  1,  1777;  promoted  January  23,  1778. 
Michael  Orafford,  January  1,  1777  ;  resigned  November  the  2Sth, 

1 1 1 1. 
John  G.  Heneker,  appointed  June  7,  1777;  cashiered  November 

1"),  1777. 
David  Marshall,  tippointed  IMarch  1,  1777.  ^ 

Abraham  Wood,  appointi'd  March  24,  1777.         ( 
Jonathan  Pugh,  appointed  April  20,  1777. 

En.s'if/ns. 

Davi«l  !\rnrshall,  January  1,  1777;  promoted  March  1,  1777. 
George  i'row,  Janimry  1,  1777;  resigned  December  10,  1777. 
Reesr  fciVans,  January  1,  1777;  resigned  June  20,  1777. 
James  Steel,  January  1,  1777;  resigned  August  3,  1777,. 
John  ('arr,  .Tanuary  1,  1777;  resigned  July  4,  1777. 
James  Johnston,  January  1,  1777;  resigned. 
Abraham  Wood,  Jnnunry  1,  1777;  i)romote('  March  24,  1777. 
.Tonathan  Pugh,  January  1,  IT77:  promote*!  April  20,  1777. 
Adam  Gilchrist,  appointed  August  1,  1777 ;  resigned  December 

10,     777. 
William  Mcffee,  January  1,  1777;  killed  September  20,  1777. 
John  Hingham,  api)ointed  June  1,  1778. 

I  Endorsed]  Return  Fifth  Regiment  P-.'unsylvania 


THE  pen:vsylvania  line. 


447 


Roll  of  the  Men's  Names  (iiid  Stttte  of  Captain  (Jhurles  Me- 
Henry's  Ccnipany.  Tdken  Heptcinbir  \),  1778.  Fifth  I'e)nis\>/1- 
cania  Regiment. 


S>ii(jtuntf>. 

Thoina.s  Barry,  no  (jnn  or  accoiiTreuients. 
William  Cale,  infantry. 
Aron  Lockhart. 
Arthur  McCray. 


John  Sidle. 
John  King. 

John  McCowen. 

James  ^IcCannon. 


(Jorpnrals. 

Drummer. 

Fifer. 
Primtea. 


Thomas  Service. 
Samuel  Boyle. 
Michael  McCJoy. 
BtMijamin  Stagft-.    .         • 
William  Johnston. 
WilliaMi  L<mgliri<lge. 
Anthony  Wyuehoner. 
William  Fitzpatrick. 
William  Bangnet,  on  eomtuanil. 
John  Noble,  on  command. 
Edwanl  Robinson,  intantry. 
Edwanl  Lyons,  si(^k,  present. 
Richard  Erwin,  sick,  i)resent. 
(Tottlip  Anore,  no  gnu  or  accoutrements. 
John  Andrew,  waiting  on  < 'olunel  Frazer. 
Henry  Cluter,  waitiii}^  on  l)o(!tor  DavidHon. 
Abedniger  Davis,  sick  at  the  Yel'ow  Springs. 
Samuel  Davis,  sick  at  the  Yellow  Spring's. 
Charles  Washington,  sick  at  the  Yellow  Springs. 
William  O'Bien,  sick  at  Treiiion. 

William  Johnston,  transferred  to  the  invalid  p<r  order  ( 'olone 
Bradford, 


448 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Charles  King,  to  be  left  out  iu  future  until  he  joinn  per  order 
of  Colonel  Briulford.  Noted  sick.  Last  muster  at  Jjancaster. 
[Endorsed]  Return  of  Captain  McHenry's  Company  Septen;- 

ber  U,  1778,  Fifth  Pennsylvania  Regiment. 

Levi  Griffith,  Lieutenant. 


tm. 


A  Return  of  Captain  Samuel  Smith's  Company,  Fiftfi  Pennsyl- 
vania Regiment,  Commanded  by  Colonel  Francis  Jo/tnston, 
September  9,  1778. 


Recruiting  Sergeants. 
Samuel  Widener. 
John  Hamelton. 
John  Hinclare. 
John  McMaken,  late  M'^rgan's  ride  cori)8. 


Everhart  Ferihan. 
Thomas  Heffernam. 
Jacob  Moyer. 

Ofeorge  Morris. 


Corporals. 


Fifer 


Pricates. 


David  O'haron,  in  hospital. 

Thomas  Crosly. 

Samuel  Ci'iiig,  infantry. 

Jqhn  Cniig. 

Mii'hael  Ferrel. 

Samuel  Fo.\,  no  arms. 

James  Smith. 

Thomas  Doyle. 

John  Fowler. 

William  Thomas,  infantry. 

Michael  McCortley. 

John  Smith. 

Joshua  ('athv 

John  Davis. 

Jones  Hummer. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE 


449 


Jourdan  Costello.  -. 

Joliu  Hunt,  sick,  present. 

John  Brutfy. 

Daniel  Smitli. 

Malconib  Forrest.  • 

David  Harry. 

Andrew  McFarrin,  hospital,  Yellow  Sprinjjs. 

SSaniuel  Thompson. 

Peter  Fit/.patricl«.  •       .  , 

James  Hazlet,  sick,  present. 

Rieliard  Bisliop,  sick  at  huts. 

William  Williams. 

John  Hole,  driving  wagon. 

Jolni  Mose,  sick  at  huts. 

John  McCrery,  late  Morgans  rifle  corps. 

John  Woliber,  late  Morgans  ritle  corps. 

Joliu  Irvine,  late  Morgan's  rifle  corps. 

Ezachariah  Tuffts,  late  Morgan's  rifle  corps. 

John  Curry,  late  Morgan '.s  rifle  corps.  ' 

William  Delany,  late  Morgans  rifle  corps.  ' 

Rol>ert  Shei)herd,  late  Morgan's  rifle  corps. 

Isaac  Ha/.leton,  late  Morgan's  rifle  corps. 

Michael  Yeeder,  late  Morgans  rifle  corps. 

James  Craig,  late  Morgan's  rifle  cori)s. 

Henry  Pensinger,  sick  at  Lancaster. 

Connel  Canady,  wounded,  i>resent. 

Godlip  Hofman,  waggonei-. 

P»>ter  Widener,  waiting  on  Colonel  Jolmston. 

Michael  Long. 

N.  B.— The  whole  enlisted  during  the  war. 

Sami'EL  Smith,  Cnptohi. 

I  Endorsed]  Return  of  Captain  S.   Smith's  Company,   Fifth 
Regiment,  September  {»,  ITTS. 


A  7ioll  of  Captain  Robert  Greiff/\s  Compani/  in  tJu'  Fifth  Penn- 
.syloanin  Jief/iment  of  Foot,  Commandtd  l>ii  Colonel  Francis 
Johnston,  September  [),  1778. 


■       ■'  Captain. 

Robert  Gregg,  absent  with  leave. 

First  Lientenanf. 
Ale.Kander  Martin,  on  command,  corps  late  Colonel  Morgan's. 
31)-VoL.  XV. 


450 


1 


THE  PENiNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Second  Lituteitant. 


.loimthan  Pugh. 

iSeryeants. 

Jesse  Nesmith,  present  in  the  field. 
Walter  Lindsey,  present  in  the  lieM. 

Corporal. 
James  Morgan,  present  in  the  field.  '    >         ■ 

Drunimtr. 
Samuel  Hendrickson,  present  in  the  field.  '   ' 

Pricatts. 

George  Barnett,  present  in  the  field. 

Joseph  Fell,  present  in  the  field. 

Robert  Gross,  present  in  the  field. 

Adam  Kocher,  present  in  the  field. 

William  Nice,  present  in  the  field 

George  McCleod,  present  in  the  field.  ' 

Abram  Crape,  present  in  the  field. 

Thomas  McPike,  present  in  the  field. 

Francis  McMullin,  present  in  the  field.  * 

.John  Maphan,  present  in  the  field 

Pavid  Sutt,  present  in  the  Held. 

Patrick  McNamara,  present  in  the  field. 

John  McCracken,  present  in  the  field. 

Philip  Brooks,  present  in  the  field.  , 

Charles  AIcQuillin,  present  in  the  field.  ' 

John  Collins,  on  command  light  infantry. 

Robert  Cochran,  sick,  Yellow  Springs. 

»  .      .  Jonathans  Pugh, 

Lieutenant,  Fifth  Pennsylvania  Regiment. 

[Endorsed]  A  roll  of  Captain  Gregg's  company,  Fifth  Penn- 
sylvania Regiment  of  Foot,  September  i),  1778. 


A  Return  of  Captain  Beniamin  Bartholomein's  Company  of  the 
Fifth  Penm-f/lvania  Regiment,  Commanded  by  Colonel  Fran- 
vis  Johnston,  September  ^,  1778. 


Rol)ert  Brady. 
Philip  Bostol. 


Sergeants. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


401 


Juliii  Kilht  y. 

Mathias  Amos,  sick  at  Princetowu. 


Andrew  Pouge. 


Fifer. 
Privates. 


James  Hammel. 

Patrick  Linn. 

William  Jones. 

Jf»hn  Laugh  rey. 

R(>l)ert  Christy. 

George  ffartli. 

James  Diviney. 

Henry  Harp. 

James  Me Kl vain. 

William  Murphey. 

Nicholas  Delotte. 

Archil)al(l  McFiill. 

peter  McSherry. 

Peter  Seneer. 

Samuel  Bugdtii. 

Samuel  Dixon. 

.lolm  Shanks. 

Andrew  Kime. 

Dennis  McFall. 

John  Craven. 

Cliarles  McCtarrei. 

Jolin  Smith. 

Alexander  Grey,  no  arms. 

Creorge  Wilson,  Camp  Colonrman. 

William  McClane,  sick,  present  ;  no  arms. 

John  Eagleson,  sick,  present ;  no  arms. 

.lohn  Diviney. 

Hugh  Hughs,  infantry. 

Robert  Fleming,  infantry. 

John  Rogers,  waiting  on  surgeon,  Valley  Forge. 

Samuel  I'rawford,  sick,  Morristown. 

William  (xraham,  sick,  present. 

N.  H.  — Tlie  whole  enllstetl  during  the  war. 

Bknmamin  Hautholomkw,  Coptniii. 

[Endorsed!   Return  of   Captain    Bartholomew's    Company, 
Fifth  Pennsylvania  Regiment. 


^-'rVWi 


d0£i\ 


452 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA.  LINE 


A  Return  of  Captain  Joseph  Potts'  (Jompany  of  the  Fifth  Penn- 
Hjjlonnia  Kefjiment,  Vommaufied  l)i/  Colonel  Francis  Johnaton, 
September  \),  177«. 


Ser(/eant.s. 


Jolni  Wolf. 
Jolin  Parker. 


('or])orals. 


James  Berry,  nick,  present. 
Jaine.s  RiisHell,  infantry. 

Drummer. 
William  McCowen. 

Primtea. 
Jacol)  Short. 
Lau^hiin  Bern.'». 
William  Tennant. 
John  Wattson. 
John  Hannon. 
John  Little. 
Samuel  Smiley. 
Richard  Harin. 
Hiifjh  Mcitlaufihlin. 
George  Mc(ila,ughlin. 
John  Falls. 
William  Gordon. 
Jolm  Walker. 
Hn^fh  Robinson,  no  anna 
Timothv  Kellv. 

Rfathias  Lau^jhnian.  , 

William  Me Kl vain. 
John  IMe(ilauyfhlin. 
John  MoCarter. 
.fames  Allison. 
John  Bay. 

William  Irwin,  infantry.  .  ..    • 

.Fohn  M.  Hinek.  infantry.  / 

.John  Kinny.  infantry.  * 

John  MeKissiek.  .... 

Geor^^e  Q.  Hager,  no  arms. 
Siunut^l  Mci'iully,  sick,  lellow  Sprinjfs. 
Jolni  McC'ullock,  sick,  present. 

Job  Vkrnon,  Lienfenant. 
fEndorsedl  Return  of  Captain  Potts'  Company,  Fifth  Penn- 
sylvania Re^jiment. 


I 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


453 


A  Roll  of  Captain  John  Christie's  Company  of  the  Fifth  Penn- 
sylounia  Heyinient,  Conimandtfl  by  Colonel  Francis  Johnston, 
September  9,  1778. 


Martin  Bouter. 


Hevfjeant. 
Corporals, 


John  Roads, 

James  Eavans. 

Christopher  Ccjplaiul,  wounded  in  Pennsylvania. 

Dnininier. 
Cononul  Raytor,  enlisted  for  one  year. 


Josepii  Hiatt. 


Fifer. 
Fricates. 


Thomas  Dodson. 

Suniuel  Holm. 

Jacob  Boyer. 

Jaeol)  Hill. 

Ric'hai'd  Leonard. 

Joseph  Jackson. 

Mathew  Conner. 

John  Evans. 

Baston  Mershimer. 

John  Say  lor. 

Willianj  Rolls. 

Peter  Dell. 

Isaac  Jackson. 

Erick  Briiner. 

John  Connelly. 

Henry  Hoover. 

Richard  Stat  ten. 

Morley  l>eleney. 

Michael  Smith,  two  weeks  command. 

Benjamin  Jackson,  infantry. 

Jolni  Simmers,  driving  team  in  repiment. 

John  Himmelwright,  drivinj^  for  commissary, 

Michael  McManiis.  Camp  Colonrman. 

\Villiam  Watts,  sick  at  Bedford. 

Henry  Donterman,  sick  at  Bedford. 

Jacob  Merts,  sick  at  Trenton. 

Samuel  Watts,  sick  in  hutts. 


m 


TUK  PKNNMVI.VANl.V   I, INK 


rh)  iHtitpliiM'  Htlll  ItiiMMfiMli'il  III  IiiviiIIiIn  IiinI  niilNti>i 

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thiimmt't: 


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I 


.luMt'ph  UMwiphvoyi 


1<(>(>IC.>  <  "l\)U'tl 


f^ff 


f»'. 


/V•^r(^^^. 


!S,'n\u»«>l  Johnston 

MuUu'w  JonoN, 

John  MoiM«'llin\.l 

I\MiM  'rhoi>\as.  sick,  pii'sonl 

l\Ui  ioU  i\M»nol 

Jolu>  IMaokwooil.  no  nnu> 

.\li>\;u\vlov  Uio\\i\.  in  \\w  \\^h\  infantry. 

Atl.'un  Kill,  in  thi<  li^ht  inlttntiN. 

Fratiois  Taylor 

.lan\«»s  Talboon 

Alt>\a»»il»>r  S\vii\(Uo 

Kr.nis  ,5a>'ol>son.  >iok  prt>>«>nt. 

H;>rnarvl  l>o\»)jht'rty. 

John  Ontui.  noartus.  Tamp  Tonlonnan. 

Nicholas  KiMinon. 

.lant's  Martin. 

Thoinas  Kolly. 

Williatn  Hnt\tt>r 


rilK   I'KNNHYI.VANIA   MNIC. 

ThtinwiM  lliixii'i',  III)  iii'iMM 
VVllllMiM  Mui'^rin, 

,l»ir)MlllMll     Mrrill'tV,    IMIMI-MIM 

l<'r(M|)<ri)'l«    lll(;i4lhM 

Jmiiil  liiMi    holililiiH,  t4ll\ill^  wiiKuuii 

Joliii   Hr|H(<v 
.ImIiii  WiMiillii. 


An: 


i  loill  |4'l> 


I'olo 


iNiirii'  lloim-ll.  Ill  IIIh  IOximOIimu'v  h  Kiiurd. 

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Jolll)   .lllllK'N, 

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iNliillii'W    hi'iliiiiii 

.liiOltl)    KilMtnVI'll,    IM>  Mt'lllH 

.liiiiii'H  Miiil»«y,  mIhU,  picHi'iil 

.ImIiii   ItiirMtMritiiKli,  nirk  lit    I'i'liioi'toii. 

Alt«xiiiiilt<r  Uniii't.  Mirk  Ml   I'liiiin-ioii 

'riumiMH    rilllllllll^llMMI.    Ill     Vf'lloW   Hl.llllKM. 

Diivlil  Hull,  (1.1    Vf'llow  H|>-liiKK 
W,   It      TliK  wliitit' 4-iihHl«Ml  <liirlii^  III"  vviir. 

TlloMAM  HoiMMc,  (.'ti/iliihi 

I  KiulurMi«||  A   ri'liini  of  (  ^mjiIhIh  TImhii/im  KoihIck  (:<.m|.iiiiy 
In  liio  I'Ml'lh  I't'tiiiHylvHiiiii.  U«kI *><>  ■'^'^^ 


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t#^ft,ri' 


li'iif}  nf   Cii/tlnht.   Willhtii)    nhlhiiin's    ('Dmjuniif  (iinl   tin;    I'lixint 
Sla'.v  of  tin:  Sana,   Talm,  ,S'jd>;mhtr  ii,  177H 


Wllliuiii  lioM. 


(il«>or>^«<  Kliti'k 


Adam   Dalo. 


tSn/yftml. 


I  r  I  mil 


Tinimnn-- 


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J  m 


45U 


THE  PENNSYI.VANIA  LINE. 


Anii8tr»)iijf  l'ow«>l. 


Fiftr. 
/'rtrn((i,s. 


Patrick  Liiitch. 

.luilH'S    SlinUM'M.  >    , 

I)aiii«>l  KuiUiH>r. 

P«>t»'r  Fi'iTv.  . 

.loiiii  MoUoiiali.  .        ' 

CharU's  Wliito. 
Ez«'ak»>l  Pavifo. 
l+«'»»rm>  Han  is. 
Arthur  Orskin. 

Jaraiu  Williams,  his  tiiin'  is  up.  Imt  not  tiisc|jar(i»«>(l. 
Jol)n  H«'»'l,  ill  tlic  infantry. 
Isaac  Fallis.  on  (M>ninuin<l  for  one  wct*k. 
Joini  Wiison,  sick  at  Valley  Forjfc. 
Peter  Linch,  sick  at  Rocky  Hill. 
Jolm  Clark,  sick  at  HInirers  Town. 

Henry  Kay,  sick  at  Spots  Wood.  , 

Oei>r>;e  Tripner,  wayts  on  Oeneral  Wayne. 
Phillip  Keepo,  wayts  on  (General  Wayne. 
John  (feorjje  Henery,  on  tint  y  driving;  wag^jon  for  tlie  hr 
|En«lorse«ll  Return  t>f  Captain  t)l(lhanrs  Company,  St 
her  0,  1778. 


i(ifa<l(>. 
l)teiu- 


/»'(•//  «*/■  Cnptatn  fsnar  Stdti/'s  Cnniixini/  and  (/!<•  Present  Sttite  «/ 
tfie  Some.  Taken  Sej)teinl»erd,  ms. 


.Tames  Neil. 
Alexaniler  l\tcKinsey, 
Thomas  Mattison. 

William  Pink. 
.Tames  Kennetly. 

Samuel  Pen. 


Si  njt  mits. 


Corporals. 


Itrutamer. 


Privates. 


.Tohn  C'^'-iielius,  confined  by  the  Congress  liegiment,  27th  .Tnly  ; 

nt^t  ;.    '    estoretl. 
John  Flanigan.  .  '  «   • 

Alexnntler  Wright. 


THK  PENNSYT.VANIA  LINE.  457 

Jolit)  Lnird. 

JllHH'H  Hall. 

(i»M)rj^»>  .l(M^nl)Hon. 
Malht'W  N«'\viiiuii. 
K«lwar«l  Wai<!. 
Jnliii  Jji'favoiir. 
Iln^fli  Mcfowpii. 
TlioinnH  llan-olil, 

lll'IKTV   .lolH'H. 

.Idiiit'H  ( 'n.i-itli«>ii1. 

DjiiiIi'I  HiiriiH. 

Nifliulns  \,\\u\ 

Iloli-rl  <fain'tt. 

TlioiiiiiM    lliiiiipiirifH. 

.luliii  Kt-yiioldH.  .  ' 

.loliii  lUillo. 

(f(i(>iX«'  AntiliiH. 

John  (nil. 

H<>njii.iiiin  P<>ck,  oil  cniiiniaiio. 

Alt'Xand*'!' ('niiff,  infantry. 

A  l('xiunl«<i'  Vcriiou,  infantry. 

IMmIMp  Hnri-y,  r«'c,rnirinj;. 

Robert  Williams,  siidt  at  Mornwtown. 

John  J)«»nn()ll«'y,  nick  at  Hodfonl. 

TlionmH  SandH,  .Hick  at  Hcdt'ord. 

Jo.«<'pli  Si«ld('rH,  sick  at  the  Yellow  Hprings. 

(Jeoi'f^c  Hall,  sick  at  the  Yellow  Hprin^fS. 

John  Kniory,  wick  at  the  Yellow  yprinj.fs. 

John  Hinoham, 
Knsff/ii,  Fifth  I'l  iinsiilrdiiia  liefjh/i'iit. 
IKndorsed]  Return  of  (Jai)tain  8eeley's  (Jonipany,  Hepteniher 
it.  1 778. 


IJEIITRNANT      COLONEL    JOHIAFI     IIARMAR.     SIXTH 
PENNSYL  VA>  I A  RE(  i  I M  ENT. 


List  t\f  thi' Nomt's  of  t/ir  Offh-er.s  irhn  Ikhw.  Si  ini'd  in  thi-  Si.rtfi 
I'einiNijIranid  liefjiineiit  .S'///'v-  f/if  First  Ihifj  nf  Janitnrn,  1777, 
/()  the  I'rcsfttt  fhtij,  t/it  ir  li'Dik,  Ihiti-s  of  Co  mm  ins  iuus,  I'lo- 
tnntions  and  Jiemovals,  A>i(/nsl -27,  1778. 

r'ofnii'f. 
Robert  MeCtaw,  prisoner  on  parole. 


i 


if' 


■^    ; 


Ifil 


458 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Lieut e)uint  Colonels. 

Henry  Becker,  Colonel  to  ye  Secoml  regiment. 
Josiuh  Harnmr,  June  (i,  1777. 

Mc^jors. 

Jereniiali  Talbot,  September  iO.  1777. 

Samuel  Benezette,  February  1."),  1777;  resigned. 

Captahi.s  '  ' 

John  Nipe,  March  14,  177<i ;  from  ye  Thirteenth  regiment. 

Hawkins  j^oon. October  4.  177(5:  from  ye  Twelfth  regiment. 

Jacob  Humplirey,  February  M,  1777:  claims  rank  from  ye  yth 
of  September,  177(>. 

Jacob  Bower,  February  lo,  1777. 

John  McCowan.  February  \o,  1777:  out  m  the  arrangement. 

James  Waugh,  Fel)ruary  lo,  1777;  out  in  the  arrangement. 

Jacob  Mouser,  Fe)»ruary  lo,  1777;  out  in  the  arrangement. 

Walter  Cruise,  February  1."),  1777;  out  in  the  arrangement. 

Luke  Broadhead,  February  15,  1777:  out  in  the  arrangement. 

[Jeremiah]  Laughery,  Februry  V),  1777;  deserteil  from  his  ar- 
rest. 

First  Tjfe7ite)ia>its. 

Tiiomas  Bull,  Febnmry  l"),  1777;  Captain  November,  1777. 

Edward  Voung,  February  I."),  1777:  resigned 

John  Savitlge,  Febriuiry  lo,   1777;  <'ap  .lin  Janiinry  i,   1778. 

Archibald  Campbell,  Fe])ruary  M.  177(. 

John  Thompson,  Feliruary  L").  1777;  <lead,  Marcii  22. 

Adjnlont. 
(reorgo  Will,  Fel)niary  IT),   1777;  lh>t  lieutenant;  resignetl. 

First  Lieutenant. 

William  McElhatton.  October  1.  1770:  captain  lieutenant  in  ye 
arrangement  .  from  ye  Twelfth  regiment. 

Second  IJeiitennnts. 

James  frlentworth,  February  15, 1777  :  first  lieutenant  1st  .June, 

1777;  claims  raidv  from  March  22.  1777. 
John  Wallace.  Februai  y   15,   1777:  absent    without    leave  since 

March  last. 
(ireenl)ury  Hughes,  February  15    1777:  out  in  the  arrangement. 
I  Nicholas]  Uarret,  February  15,  1777:  resigneii. 
Samuel  Smitli,  Febriuiry  15.  1777'  r»>signed. 
James  Wadi'.le,  February  15,  1777;  resigned. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


4no 


Benjamin  Lodtre,  March  1,   1777;  first   lieutenant   October   4, 

1777 ;  from  the  Tweiftli  rH^fiment. 
Stewart  Herbert,  May  20,  1777;  first  lieutenant  October  17,  1777  ; 

from  the  Twelfth  regiment. 

Eusif/ns. 

Philip  Gil)bon.«,  February  15,  1777;   second  lieutenant. 
Hermon  Lightliesur,  February  15,  1777;  resigned. 

Adjutant.  "  , 

J>anial  Kennedy,  ensign  in  the  arrangement. 

Ensi(/ns. 

James  B.  McPherson,  February  l'),  1777;  claims  rank  of  second 
lieutenant,  October,  1777.  , 

.lo.seph  Cox,  February  15,  1777;  prisoner;  out  of  the  arrange- 
ment. 

Earnest  Cfreen,  February  15,  1777 ;  resigned. 

EiUvard  Speer,  May  8,  1777;  fiotu  ye  Thirteenth  regiment. 

John  Merklin,  August  20,  1777. 

Philip  Snider,  August  21,  1777;  out  in  the  arrangeiuent. 

John  Foster,  August  22,  1777;  out  in  the  arrangeiuent. 

Oharles  Macknet,  August  23.  1777;  out  in  the  arrangement. 

William  Ba.xter.  out  in  the  arrangement. 

Thomas  Dungan,  August  1,  1778. 

James  Allan,  August  1,  1778.    . 

JosiAH  Hahmau, 

Litutenant  Colonel,  Commandant  Si.vt/i  Peuusiflcanvt  lityimant. 
[Enilorsed]  Sixth  Pennsylvania  Regiment ;  list  <if  oHicers  who 

served  since  Januai'y  1,  1777.     Lieutenant  (Jolonel  Harnuir. 


A  Return  of  Captain  John  Nice's  Companii  nf  the  Sixth  Peini- 
Nj/lrania  liefp'metit,  Commanded  fn/  Lieut>iiunt  (^ohmel  Jotoah 
Jfarmar,  Es(j.,  September  9,  1778. 

Seryeants 
Leonard  Vandergrift. 
J«>hn  Colgan. 
•lames  Blackney,  sick,  present. 

Corporals. 

William  Armstrong,  sick,  Yellow  Springs, 
.Tames  Rnglisli. 
Henry  Cotton. 


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THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Daniel  Pitzpatrick. 
William  Ferfjfuson. 


Drummer. 


Fifer. 


Privates. 


Thoinns  Scofllekl,  sick,  Rocky  Hill. 

John  Fade. 

John  Anderson,  light  infantry. 

Thomas  Wallace. 

John  Gordon. 

Daniel  McManamy. 

Patrick  Mullen. 

Barnabas  C'olgan. 

Richard  McPike. 

Roger  Phinney,  light  infantry. 

Marmaduke  HanV)on. 

James  Borres,  on  command. 

John  Haley. 

Barnabas  Colgan,  Senior. 

Robert  Q-orrel. 

Samuel  Nichol,  sick,  Bethlehem. 

Ezekiel  Price,  sick,  Lancaster. 

William  Pielils,  sick,  Trenton. 

Fruncis  Reeil. 

George  Pn,rker, 

James  McLaughlin,  on  cotnnumd. 

William  Provost. 

John  Graham. 

William  Flanagan. 

John  Hanley. 

Jtthn  Dunham,  sick,  present. 

Peter  Rester. 

Julian  Francis. 

John  Crawford. 


A  Return  of  Captain  John  Doyle's  Com2>ani/  of  the  Sixth  Penn- 
syh-nnia  Reijiment.  Commanded  bij  LieiUenant  Colonel  Josiah 
Harmar,  Esq.,  8ej)temher  d,  1778. 


Sevf/eants: 


James  Carson. 
Isaac  Davis. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Michael  Hourke. 

(jeoi'tfe  Eljerly,  on  furlough  t<»  Lancaster. 


461 


John  DonaldBon. 
Daniel  Kenny. 
William  Mann. 

Junies  Moore.    , 

Georj^e  Summers. 


Corporaln. 
hiunimer. 

Privates 


John  Murray. 

Janie.s  (iraham. 

]>avi(l  Davidson. 

John  Wheeler. 

John  Wilson. 

TohiaK  Beam. 

James  Anderson. 

(.'onrad  Will. 

Alexander  McCean,  on  comiu'ind  to  Lancaster. 

James  Maroney. 

lienjamin  Jjewis. 

Ijeonard  I'rintspll. 

Roi)ert  Humphries.  ■  • 

Samuel  Johns. 

Jal)ez  Lambert. 

John  Archer. 

John  McMurray. 

D,aniel  McGuire. 

John  Miller,  on  commanil  with  ye  Second  Infantry. 

William  Hrown,  on  command  with  ye  fSecond  Infantry. 

James  Patton,  on  command  at  Hackensuck. 

Nathan  lieavy. 

John  Benn,  on  command  at  T^ancaster 

Michael  Ballard,  sick  at  Lancaster 

Adam  Handell,  on  command,  Baker  Genernl. 

Abram  Griffiths,  on  command,  surveying. 

Patrick  ('allag.lmn. 

John   Ward. 


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462 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


.1  Return  of  Captain  Hawkins  Boon's  Company  of  the  Sixth 
Pennsylmmia  Regiment,  Commanded  by  Lieutenant  Colonel 
JoNiah  Harmai\Es(j.,  September  9,  1778. 


Sergeants. 


John  Sproul,  on  command. 
Jolin  Allbri^jht. 
Dennis  Carrol. 


Samuel  McCortl. 
Jacob  Boyer. 

Francis  Parvin. 


Corporals. 


Drummer. 


Fifer. 


Jacob  Utwalt,  sick,  present. 

Prioates. 
Thomas  Miinday. 
Tliomas  Johnson. 
Thomas  Jones. 
Thomas  Vardin. 
Alexander  Cunningham. 
Samuel  Campbell. 
Richard  Night. 
Richard  Lott. 
John  Cole. 
Hamilton  Martin. 
Philip  Ramsend. 
Isaiah  Willorick. 
John  Met/.. 
Jacob  Limer. 
Charles  Hales. 
Thonuis  Miichell. 
Samuel  Hoyer,  sick,  present, 
David  CiiVjson. 
Christian  Harley. 
Peter  Brieker. 
William  Stuart. 
Jacob  Bower. 
•Facob  Young. 

Henry  Hopper,  sick,  present. 
John  Vance. 
Philip  O"  Brian. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


4K) 


Corpoidls, 


I>)  nmni&i: 


Fifei: 


Privates, 


A  Hetin  II  of  Caj/tain  Ja<:>j')  Huniijftieys  (Joinjutuy  of  thif  Si.rth 
I'tiiiisyleaiiiii  Re(jimeii(,  t'ommaiixled  hi/  Litutenant  Coluiu: 
Jost'ah  Harviat,  Esq.^  iiei/tember  \),  1778. 

(Serfjtanta. 
Tlioinas  Leatlom. 

Tlioiiins  Williiiins. 

.loliu  Chester. 

Henry  Brown. 
Samuel  Craig. 

Benjamin  Helley. 

Thoma.>^  Williams. 

Jacob  Fe«l(lery. 

Jacob  Striker. 

Evauis  Evans. 

Joseph  Palmer. 

Philip  Morinire. 

William  Jacks. 

John  Shade,  on  fourteen  days  oommam; 

William  Martin. 

David  Owens. 

Stacey  William.s,  on  command,  Berks  county. 

Mitcliell  Sitster. 

William  Frankes. 

John  Ketcham. 

William  Pre.ston. 

Edward  Hellen. 

William  Felty. 

Timothy  firitflths,  sick,  present. 

John  ()' Brian. 

John  Mc  El  wain. 

John  Crawford. 

John  Hammersly. 

Thomas  Watson. 

William  A«ldams. 

James  Morelan,  waggoner. 

John  Figh,  surveying. 

John  Woolskill,  recruiting. 

Alex.  McComljs,  sick,  Princeton. 

Joseph  Wilson,  sick,  Philadelphia 


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464 


THE  PEiNNSYLVANlA  LUXE. 


A  Iletuni  nf  Cnptaiu  Jncnh  limners'  Cotnixini/  of  the  Sixth 
Pe)insyli'*anin  liti/iineuf,  ('oniiiKUulfif  by  Lit^uteiuint  Colunul 
Josiah  Haiinar,  Ksij.,  Septemher  \),  17713. 


Evt'rimrt  Witmyor. 
haviil  Hiwh'r. 
Jiiines  MolieH. 

Thomus  Howanl. 
(iooix»*  Spoar. 
(it>or>fo  Harvt'y. 

William  K«Minaii. 

Heiiory  Honny. 


Heiyeants. 


Corpornln. 


Drummer. 


Fit'n: 


Prioates. 


.r^  . 


(.'harless  (i«)r<l()u. 

Pliilip  Oaks. 

JdIui  McAlTee 

I't'ter  Doyle. 

HtMinry  Lutz. 

Michael  SlmlTert. 

Nii^holas  (•oatsiuan. 

William  Kidjjfo. 

Storling  Cameron. 

Jacob  Smith. 

Robert  Isltmael,  for  tliree  years. 

Coruelit)us  UolTmau. 

.loliu  Urimes. 

Liulwick  (Tootlbreatl. 

James  McCay. 

Jacob  Smith. 

Kichanl  Robinson,  aiok,  present. 

George  Ultz. 

Jacob  Al)bot,  light  infantry, 

Killen  Kelly,  light  infantry. 

I'hilip  Hener,  light  infantry. 

George  Sweep,  light  infantry. 

Adam  Kock.  light  infantry. 

John  May.  light  infantry. 

Dauiel  O'Harro,  light  infantry. 


THK  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


460 


John  II<>HH(>,  I'liiladflpliin.  ^iiiinl. 
HuiiiumI  I^inlwirk,  nick,    l'riiict*t<»ii. 
Duiiicl  Hiij^jjaiiH,  Hick,  TriM'toii. 
Connitl  CSitiitli,  Hick,  lit'iuliiig. 


A  Jietum  of  Cipfain  Tlionin.s  Hn/f\s  r'omf/nni/of  the  Si.rtfi  /Vrn/- 
suUtaiUd  lii'(/it)ii-id,  Comtminiliil  hy  Liiutniunt  Colonel  Jositih 
Uarinai\  /i'vy. ,  ^'itpUmOf^r  \),  177H. 

Sefyeantn. 
JuiiioH  Holliday. 
Mi<;liui>l  Moriin. 
.luiiK'H  Mathius,  on  coniniund. 

ffir/iornls. 
William  Crofts. 
Wiliiani  Daviwon,  on  coinniand  at  tho  lines. 


John  McMulle 

Jolin  Lastly. 

Alnxander  Roj^ers. 
Michael  lirown. 
John  Fortt'scut?. 
John  Howard. 
Jacob  Driver. 
Michaid  Zcarn. 
Pelty  Miljer.     • 
.Tacol)  ('rone, 
(leorge  Wrij^lit. 
Jacob  SIj rider. 
Jacob  Deidrick. 
Michael  Htenner. 
Peter  Jjeutherinan. 
Leonard  Span^jler. 
.Tames  Jones. 
John  Lundey. 
R«)bert  Tliompson. 
I'eter  Stunt! ley. 

aO-Vor,.  XV. 


Drummer, 

Fifcr. 
I'ricalei. 


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THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


HtMirv  Kvl^jlmer. 
Jacob  Glassmy*'!',  sick  Princeton. 
Ja(r<»l)  \oiiug,  sick,  Jierks  count y. 
John  Hawkins,  sick,  Yellow  Sprin^jw. 
Mat  bias  Vansdnrf,  sick  at  (puirteis. 
Ailani  Dickert,  sic^k  at  Captain  Moascr's. 
Mjirtin  Shener,  sick  at  Reading. 


COLONEL   WILLIAM    IRVINE  8    SI-:VENTH    PENNSYL- 
VANIA RKtilMENT. 


Return  <>f  the  Offlcers  BtlnufiiiKj  to  <tnd  fv/io  have  Seroecf  in 
ttif  Seventh  Penihsylcania  Regiineut  since  the  first  day  of 
January,  1777. 


William  Irvine,  .January  9,  1770;  i)risoner  on  parole,  exclmnged 
antl  joyned  the  regiment  IMay  4,  1778. 

Lieutenant  ColoneL 
David  Urier,  October  4,  1770;  resigned. 

Majors. 

Samuel  Hay,  October."),  1770:  [M'omoted  to  lieutenant,  colonel 
February  3,   1778. 

Francis  Mentzges,  Octol)er  7,  177<>;  joined  this  regiment  June 
21,  1778.    » 

Captains. 

Abram  Smith,  January  9,  1770;  resigned  March  20,  1777. 

Jeremiah  Talbot,  January  9,  1770;  promoted  tomajor.Septem- 
ber  35,  1778;  joined  the  Sixth  I'ennsylvania  regiment  Jan- 
uary 1,  1778. 

William  Rippey,  January  9,  1770 ;  resigned  Marcli  30,  1777. 

Moses  McClaine,  January  9,  1770;  prisoner  on  parole  and  left 
out  of  the  arrangement,  March  30,  1777. 

James  A.  Wilson,  January  9,  1770;  jirisouer  on  parole  and  left 
out  of  the  arrangement,  March  20,  1777. 

William  Alexander,  June  1,  1770. 

Lewis  Bush,  June  33,  1770;  appointed  major  in  Colonel  Hart- 
ley's regiment  January  13,  1777. 


THE  PKNNSYLVAMA  LINE. 


467 


First  Lituttuaiits. 

.loliii  M<'J)(niJil,  January  1),  1770;  re.-iiffiKMl  Maivli  20.  1777. 
William  Hratton,  January  !),  I77'i;  appointed  captain  (ou^Ik  t<> 

have  been  appnintt'd  January  VI,  1777)  Marcli  20,  1777. 
John  McUowt'il,   Janiuii-y  u,  177t5;  appointed  captain  March  2(». 

1777;  an. I   resigned,  February  2,  177s. 
John  Eddy,  Janiniry  U,  177t>;  prisoner  (ui  parole  and    leti    out 

of  the  arrangeiiient,    March  20,  1777. 
John  (irier,  January  '.»,  1770;  prisoner  on  parole  ami  Jftt  out  of 

t he  arran^^enient,  Marcii  20,  1777;  exehantjed  and  desirou.<  ot 

servinj^  again. 
John    Alexander,  May  20,  1770 ;  appointed  captain   Man-h   20. 

1777. 
.\lexander  I'arker,  Juno  I,  1770;  appointed  oa|>lain  March   2H. 

1777. 
Samuel  MePerran,  Juno  23,  1770;  pri.sf>Mer  on    parole   unti    hit 

out  of  the  arrangement,  March  20,  1777. 

Second  Lieiiteunnts. 
Ahdiel  McAllister,  January!),  1770:  prisoner  on  parol.- anil  left 

out  of  the  arrangement,  Mardi  20,  1177. 
Johi»  Brooks,  January  0,  1770;  resigned  March  2"!,  1777. 
Ale.xander  lirown,  January  i»,  1770:  resigneil  March  20,   1777. 
Andrew   Irvine,    January  0,  1770;  appointed    first    lieiuenani 

Marcli  20,  1777;  appointed  captain  Heptemlter  21,  1777. 
John  Hoge,  January  9,  1770 ;  prisoner  on  parole  and  left  out  of 

the  arrangement,   March  20,  1777. 
Robert  Wilson,  January  9,    1777;  ai)pointed  captain  March  20, 

1777;  and  re-.signed  Marcli  1,  177^. 
iSamuel  Montgomery,  June  1,  iT'O:  ai)pointed   captain    March 

20.   1777. 
William   Nichols.  June  23,  1770;  appointed  ca.[>tain  in  ('olonel 

Hartley's  regiment  January  12.  1777 

Ensif/iis. 
William  Uraham,  January  9,  1770:  resigned  ^larcli  20,  1777. 
W'illiam    Miller,  January  9,    1770;    appointed    first    lieutenant 

March  20,1777,  and  api)ointed  captaiti  vice  Ca[)tain  McDowell, 

February  2,  1778. 
William    Lusk,    January   9,    1770;    appf)inted    first    lieutenant 

Marcli  20,  1777. 
Robert   Hoojis,  January  9,  1770;  a,ppointe<l  captain   in<"olonel 

Hartley's  regiment  January  12,  1777. 
Samuel   Kenne<lay,  June    1,    1770;    appointed    first    lieutenanr 

.March  20,  1777. 
John  Hush,  June  21,   1770;  appointed  first  lieutenant  March  20, 

1777. 


iitt'i 


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468 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Jolin  Hughes,  8r. ,  June  23,  177(5;  iiiJpoiMtecl  second  lieuteniini 

Martrli  30,  1777,  and  resigned,  May  i;},  1777. 
Tlionuis   MoCoy,   August   1,   1770;   appointed   llrst    lieutenant. 


August  13,  1777. 


Fir.st  L ieti teudii  is. 


Samuel  Hrison„]Mar{'h  20,  1777. 

,)auies  Young,  March  20,  1777;  resigned  September  1.  1777. 
James  MeMichael.  .June  20.  1777;  late  of  the  Thirteenth  Penn- 
sylvania regiment  and  Joyned  this  regiment  July  .">,   177H. 

f^t'ciUK/  Li(  iifeiiaiils, 

Rohert  McPherson,  January  20,  1777  ;  apiM»inted  first  lieutemint 

{Sei>t«Mnl)er  1,  1777. 
Alexander  Russell,  January  20.  1777:  appointetl  lirst  lieutenant 

(September  25,  1777. 
Joseph  Torrenee,  January  20,  1777. 
John  Hlair.  .lanuary  20.   1777. 
James  Williamson,  March  10.  1777. 
Robert  Peebles,  April  24,  1777. 
William  Kyle,  May  13,  1777;  resigned  September  2."),  1777. 

Eusfi/n.s. 

James  Milligan,  INIarch   10,  1777;  a.pi)oiiMed    second    lieiitt'iiaMt 

Se[)tembi>r  1,  1777. 
Joint  iMcdullam,  March  10,   1777;  appointed  second    lieutenant 

September  25,  1777. 
John  Hughes,  Jr.,  March  10,  1777;  uiipoiiited  secf^nd  lieutenant 

September  20,  1777. 
John  Ross,  February  2,  177t?. 

Wll.IiIAM  lUVIXK,    Colon.''/ 


A  Roll  of  Cnpiaiii  Winiain  AJe.vanders  Compmnj  in  the  »SVr- 
(■i).(h  Pennsi/innud  Rf<jini(rhL  fommunded  hi/  Colonef  Wiflinm 
Jicine,  September  0,  1778. 


'  Captain. 

William  Alexander.  >  ' 

First  Lietitpnant. 

Samuel  Kennedy,  in  ye  light  troops  on  ye  lineH. 


■'      i 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


460 


Second  LieuteiianL 
John  Hught'M,  acting  (luarteriiuiHter. 


Seryeaiits. 


William  Gray. 
Joseph  Hawlins. 
Joseph  Waide. 

Patrick  Butler. 
Jnnies  Hamilton. 
Peter  Sidtlle. 


Corpoial. 

Drvmmer. 

Fifer. 


Pih'fit.es. 
Cornelius  Corrigan. 
James  Harkins. 
.Fames  Dunivan. 
John  Sumervale. 
JameH  Berry. 

John  Brians,  driving  a  regimental  wngon. 
John  Mc'.C^all. 
I'at trick  McCormick.. 
William  fiuthri*', 
Pattriek  MeConaghy 
William  ('onrtny. 
.John  Mctfinnis,  a  pioneer. 
William  ])onaldson. 
Henry  Frut. 
James  Hntton. 
Pattriek  Nowlan. 

William  Wilkinson,  in  the  light  troops  on  tlie  lines. 
David  l^aA'is,  in  the  light  troops  on  the  lines, 
(ieorge  Worley,  in  the  light  troops  on  the  lines. 
.\dam  Conn,  on  two  days  guard. 
John  Clemonds,  on  ye  comrussary's  guard. 
Jolni  MeDonald,  on  guard. 
Jmiies  Richmond,  sick  in  Philadelphia. 
William  Anguisli,  sick  at  Princeton. 
A  true  state  of  the  company  September  0.  177^^. 

William  .Alkxandku,  Cnfdaiii. 

[Endorsetl]     Company    roll,    Captain    William    Alexander, 
Seventh  Pennsylvania  regiment,  Septeniber  U,  1778. 


1^    .;      :.  s       "^'^r 


470 


THK  PKNNHYI.VAMA   MNK, 


lio/l '\f  Captain   Williaiii  fiiaKou's  Coinpani/in  (fir  Sirnith  /V»ni- 
sf/tmuia    li*'!fh!ii'ut.  CniintHvuIrd   Ini    fii/i)iii/   Williain    /rriii\ 


m 


Wi 


Capfahi 


Williniu  Hnitlott,  n'«MMiit lu^. 


Thotnivs  Mr'('(»\ 


First  l.iriiti  iiiiiil. 


HiriMid    /.irnff'innif. 


Jolui  iMoCullam,  nctiiiK  as  adJiUmil . 


'rimoihy  Oncal. 
Amos  ( 'liapinan. 


.loiiM  M(<(iahan. 


Sni/i  (intA. 


Cnrpnra/s. 


.loliM  Hoaiy,  oiuling  ,)iiiu<,  ITSO 


Kihvard  Stt>or. 


.loljM  Wiuui.  rocniitiiii 


Francis  Honry. 
I*t>tt>r  liOyd. 
Oavid  Hall. 
'Pliomas  SimonltMi. 
Kdwai'il  K(l)j:«>rt»>n 
l>nnit'l  DmiMovan 
,li>liM  Uyaii.» 
.Imimcs  Klli«M  t. 
I'm  t  v\ok  McI>om\i'l. 


Ih  iiiinii 


I  r. 


Fit 


CI 


f'ni 


iri's. 


n 


lomas  (iillis. 


N'.>al  Moray. 

Part  rick  MoOartt-.-. 

.lamos  Hifjjjfiiis. 

P«'(t'r  Martin. 

Richard  I.iMidon. 

William  Hcd.stom*.  with  tho  artillfry. 

l.anr«MMM'  l.anli'ss.  sit'k  in  thf  rt>fjfinu'ntnl  hospital. 

Pattrick  Sliooknoy.  in  the  lijfht  i-orp.s. 


F«M'}{t>s  Moore,  n\  the  liglit  oorp.s. 


.1.  McHi'LLAM,  Licntcimuf. 


THK  I'KNNSYIA'AMA  MNK. 


471 


A  Itol/  of  Citplaiu  John  Ah'Tdiiflft's  domfxnitf  "f  '/"'  Kfi'ciitli 
t'finiisj/lrioiin  lii'f/hncnl,  f'i)inninii(/t(l  hi/  (Johmel  William  //• 
r)ini\  i^iithmh' /  U.  177H. 


('n/>ln/v. 
John  AlcxniuItT,  luMin^'i"  |niyiii(iHtt  r. 

First   Lif nlnmut. 
AU'xaiuli'r  Kumm«(||,  rccniil  iii(f,  I'l'iiiiHylvaiiia. 


IIoImm'I    I'i'chlcH. 


liobort  Uri'j^^. 


Second  Lliulenanl. 


Sffi/'iiiit. 


<  :<)rj><>/(il. 


.lolin  HIiirlilH,  nick,  prunrnt. 


Haiiiiii'l  VVnIUcr. 


Ih  nil))) try 


Fife) 


.lolin  Vincent,  nick,  prcwnt. 


1'))I)IUCH 


liryan  M(>< JliiUKlilan. 
Antlr«'\v  PinUniMon. 
Aljcliaci  lloK'iii. 
Ar«iliil)al(l  IMci 'oncy. 
,1«)lin  Hniitli. 
.lolin  NicliolHon. 
<Ji><)r>jfi'  IjiKwiH. 
.lolin  liriiilloy. 
.lames  ('onroy. 
•lolin  Drnd^^o. 
Haiiuiel  Still. 

William  Marshall. 

Alexander  Kled. 

,|ohn  .loni'H. 

.lohn  Todd. 

John  Alexander,  wagK<»^dn^f  in  eamp. 

(Jeor^e  I'atrick,  wajjKonin^  in  tamp. 

William  Kelly,  wa^tfoninj,'  in  camp. 

.lolin  BtMison,  sick,  preseiii. 

John  HulfiidK«'i  ^'^^^■^  present. 

Thomas  MoCMoud,  sick  at  Downing's 

Jolin  Quin,  on  command  li^ht  Infantry 

John  ^ 


Town,  Penna. 

LUXANDKK,  Captain, 


0 


It! 


.  ill 


All 


'?"*«■ 


m^^ 


473 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


.4  Hull  of  Captain  Alexander  Parker  s  Compani/,  J^eimtth  Pnun- 
sylmuia  /ieifitnent,  Vonimanded  hy  Colonel  William  Jrcine, 
^efdemOer  \»,  lllH.  ^      .    ■      ., 

Captain. 
Alt^xaniitT  J*urlvt'r,  in  th«>  lijjflit  f'orpn. 


William  Lusk. 


John  Hlaii 


John  RtMiiston. 
.John  Harjfoy. 


Fir.st  Lienfenant, 


Second  Lienfenant. 


Se 


rge(},nt» 


Corporals. 


James  Mt'<^N»\vii,  in  tho  li>flit  oorps. 
Mit'ha«'l  Maihlen,  sick,  present. 

Dm  in  me r. 
E<l\vartl  Mo(*innis.  on  recruitinj<  service. 


l^r/rtift^s. 


Michael  ShieMs. 

Jacob  Jnstice. 

.Andrew  (.^ratty. 

William  Carnuin. 

John  <'arney. 

William  Nickleson. 

Pat  trick  Martin. 

R'lbert  Ueorjj^e. 

Alexantler  Caven. 

John  Wright. 

Robert   Elliot. 

Alexander  Denny. 

John  Hoar. 

Anthony  Spinhard. 

Thomas  McClain. 

David  McClnin. 

Hugli  CnU. 

John  Treble. 

James  Davison. 

William  Entrekin.  sick,  pre 

(4eor>;e  McPherson.  sick,  present. 

Peter  Shekle,  sick,  present. 

Jacob  Clows,  pioneer. 

Daniel  AFcClain,  on  recruitin^j;, service. 


*ent. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


478 


Cuinbd.  Hniubleton,  light  coriw. 

li«'ni'y  Ufirven,  light  corps. 

Joiiii  Wiiiii,  light  corpH. 

.loliii  JoliiiHton,  ut  Fr«'ucli  ("^n>«*k  g^r  ml  lioMpitiil. 

Uarin'y  M(r(iuir»%  at  Frt'iich  Creek  general  iiuHpitnl. 

A  true  wtiite  of  tlie  uoinpuiiy. 

William  liiisK,  Lieutenant. 


A  Ritll  of  Captain  Samuel  Monfr/omery'.s  Company  in  the  Seventh 
Penv'fi/ioania  lieyiment,  Cnmtnaiuled  Ity  Colunel  William  Ir- 
cine,  Septemlier  y,  177y. 

(Uijjtain. 
Samuel  Montgomery. 

Fihst  Lieutenant. 
Saiimel  Hrison,  wounded,  Uermuntown. 


.losias  V/illson. 
.lames   Maxwell. 
William  Roberts. 

Charles  R.-iiy. 
Edward  J)avidson. 

(Miristian  Cross. 


.     Seryeantn. 

Vorpornla 

JJnittimer 

Fifer. 
Daniel  Cogdale,  srck,  camp. 

Prinaten. 
William  Bremig.'ii. 
Charles  McConnel. 
Thomas  Johnston. 
Thomas  Dyke. 
(iarret  Waggcmer. 
Francis  Custee. 
Thonuis  l^rown. 
William  Mo(Joy. 
Ruddy  McCoy. 
Thonuis  Means. 
William  Mclntire. 
Charles  Dngan. 


11 


I 


<    ''is-  „ 


if"" 


4T4 


THK  PENNSYLVANIA  LlxNE. 


Jaint's  (^rahiiiii. 

Wiliiiiiu  iMc,])uitHld,  sick,  oiimp. 

.loliii  <  'av«>iiuKli- 

Jum«»h  Mc(  "lain. 

Daniel  M('«*araj?aii.  h\('k,  eamp. 

KoluTt  KIlis,  ^ii('i\.  camp 

.It'iTv  Hannoii,  a  rc^iiiuMit.-tl  waji^fjoner. 

Hamut'l  I'ary,  a  pioiuMT. 

John  Hn.stinjjfs,  <luty  nt  licdf'ord. 

.lolm  Alii'n,  sick,  country. 

•lames  Muloy,  lij^ht  corps. 

.John  Mellon,  liK">  cor|)s. 

Philip  Prowji.  Yellow  tSprin^js  hospital. 

John  Henery,  Fish  Kill  hospital. 


S.   MONTOJOMKHY, 

Cajitain,  Seoenth  Pennsylvania  Regiment. 


A  RoH  of  Captnin  Andreir  Irvine's  Cumpnni/  in  tiie  Serentli 
Pennsj/lrania  Reiiimeni,  Cominamled  hi/  Co/one/  WilHui/i  //- 
fine,  ISi'pteDiber  'J,  1778. 


(\i/>tnin. 
Andrew  Irvine,  sick  in  the  country. 

First  Jjiiitmant. 
Robert  AlcPherson,  on  command  at  Yellow  Springi- 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Joseph  Torrance. 

Senjea}tts. 
William  (fibi). 

Robert  Hunter,  in  the  liujht  corps. 
Thomas  Whitely,  on  the  recruiting  service. 
Hujjh  Thomson. 

Coiporals. 

Jol't    ^  lK.;il)i.iJ  ^1', 

Jai-    '-  •  fCiria?/  i 
ChuiU'!?  ^..^ovuer 

Fifer. 
Michael  Wann. 


THK  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE.  476 

Pt'ivaten, 
TlK.miiH  ('(.Iwt'll. 
.luliii  McKiult'V. 
William   Fust  it. 
(Joiirod   CuiTUK. 
Janit's  <rltMt«l*>ii*>ii. 
(ft'or^jc  r!«)<'liraii. 
I'attrii'iv  Murray 
(Miarl.'s  Kflly. 
Joliil  .lolllistoii. 
Mi<ilui«'l  Hlcak. 
JaineM  Uawls. 
AinlrtMV  RlcJialiy. 
Mat  t  lu'w  ('iinniii^iiain. 
•loim  Whit*'. 

Jar-oh  \V«'av»M",  wa^f^oncr  in  caiup. 
I'attrick  Dnyh",  in  lif^lit  corps. 

'i'lioiiias  (fh'iin,  orderly  at  rcf^iiiitnitai  lit'adciiiaritM's. 
.Tanirs  Fif't',  sick,  present, 
.loim  Fcr>^us(nj,  sick,  ri'giiiicntai  liospitai. 
Francis  Oiiara,  on  command  witii  Captain  Irvine. 
Felix  O'neul,  at  French  (Jreek  hospital. 

JosKl'H  TditiiKXCK,  Lieutenarn 


Ro//  of  ('aptain  William  Miller's  ('Dnipani/  <>f  tl»(  Sevj-nth  J'l  nn- 
Nijliiduia  li'tfiment  <)J  Foot  in  the  tSt'tiu'i'f  of  tin  I'nit'd  Slatf.\, 
Coi/tmanth'd  hji  t'oloni'l  William  Irri7)'\  ('ainji  Wliitt  I'luin.s, 
tiepttmber  10,  1778. 


if 


it  t 


Caiitni)). 
William  Miller,  command  at  Hackiiisaek. 

First  IJfutiiiinil. 
James  M<'Michael. 

Second  Lieutenant.. 
.lames  trainer,  York  Town,  recruiting 

Serrf  emits, 
Thomas  fiainer,  York  Town,  recruiting?. 
Adam  Linn. 


L'orpordt, 


J)enis  Murphy. 


m 


470 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


I  >  IK  miner. 


S    * 


*    ! 


Patrick  C<niiu»r,  recruiting. 


I'riciittin. 
Murty  Stillivnii. 
John  ('unnelicy. 
Tli<»nmsi  ('lu'^*n»'y. 
Felix  DuHieid. 
Edward  Welcii. 
Andrew  Kennedy. 
James  Johnson. 
Roger  (JotT. 
Oeorge  lihickley. 
Neal   Mc(toiiagIe. 
Wiiiiaiii  Hratlshaw. 
Matthew  Smith. 
AlexanihM-  McDonalil. 
James  Welch. 
Micliael  Shanley. 
Joint  Dugan. 
Jolin  Hart. 

Henry  »Ternu\n,  sick  in  camp. 
Jolni  Weldi,  sick,   York  county. 
Patrick  King,  detadiment. 
Edwanl  Atchins,  detadiment. 
Tliomas  Rilev,  <letached  to  the  artillery. 


jAMKs  McMii'HAKL,  J^'hwt  J^ieuteuant. 


Roll  of  the  Coinpanij  Cominamled  bi/  Lieiifnxant  John  Bush,  «Sfe(i- 
enth  Pennsylvania  Ee</ii)ifnf,  Vonimandtd  by  Colonel  William 
Irvine,  September  i),  1778. 


John  Rush. 
James  Williamson. 

John  O  Nail. 

•Tosiah  (xalbreath. 
John  Oibney. 


Fii.st  Lieut)  nant 

Second  Lieutenant. 

Serf/ennt, 

Corporal. 


THK  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Privuttn. 


477 


John  13t'iir. 

.lames  CliamlKTH. 

John  l\'i-riil, 

J\Iul  hiiis  Fiiw. 

Williiiiii  Kt'Jis. 

Jniin's  Kili»atric.k. 

.laiu.'.s  M»'l>ont'l. 

HukIi  McManas. 

JaiiU's  Moor. 

|)aui<'l  Murray. 

Alt'xamh'r  Porter. 

John  liilanil. 

Patrick  Koborts. 

William  \Vit,'k''«"^' 

Joisfph  Hinn. 

Edward  McKiiiin,  sirk,  Princeton  iiospitai. 

John  Cohans,  .^ick,  Princeton  hospitjil. 

RitUiard  ("uuiniins.  on  oonimanti  at  Valley  For^j. 

John  Parker,  in  the  li^^ht  infantry, 

John  Miher,  on  coiiiniand. 

John  McHorley.  at  t'arlisle. 

Tlionuis  Apell)ay,  on  coninianc 


t 


':  m 


■y'ili'f'll 


-iii 


Jamks  Wili.ia.mson,  J, Untenant. 


'■m 


COLONEL   BRODHEADS    EKiHTH    PENNSYLVANIA 

RK(tIMENT. 


Return  of  the  Offlcers  in  ///^  Eif/htft  I't-nniOjIi-'inin  litf/hii'-nt,  iritf, 
their  Rank  ami  Ikltea  of  their  ('nDiinisnion-s  and  c/aii/i.^  tu  Pre- 
ftrnicnt,  December  Id,  1T77. 

('aj)tains. 

David  Kil^ore,  An^jnst  0,  177G ;  sick;  absent. 

Samuel  Miller,  August  0,  1770;  supposed  to  be  deserted. 

Van  Swearingen,    Au(|ust    !t.  1770;  on   command  with   Colonel 

Morf.?an. 
James  V\iiiio\,  Auynst  it,  1770;  resi;,'ned  <  )ct(,l).'r '.iv;.  1777. 
Windle  Oury,  August  l),  1770;  resignel  Octol)er  10,  1777. 
James  ISftmtgoniery,  .\uffust  19,  1770;  dii-il  July  20,  1777. 
Michael  HutTnagle.  March  10.  1777;  on  commaml. 
Matthew  Jack,  July  Ui,  1777;  present. 


';H 


,.,.1       '.■•''''•,*«|-:J 


4T8 


THE  PK.N.NSVLVANIA  MNK. 

Fh'sf  LienUnants. 


Thomas  (\t<>U.  Auj^iist  '.»,  I77<i;  claiiuM  HcaptaiiK'y  vic(<  raptaiii 

Moiit^oiiuTv,  tli'Ci'asi'tl. 
Nclu'iiiiah   8tt»kt'ly,  Aiij^usl   U.    177<t;    claims  ii.   cnptaiiK'y   vice 

(Japtaiu  Oury,  It'.si^;n^'^l. 
Jolin  I'Miilcy,  AiiKHst  it,  177(>;  i-laims  a  captaiiu^v  vice   ("apiaiii 

Hasil  Prat  her,  Aii«iist  11,  I77(i. 

Joliii  Hiii^lics,  Anjjjust  11,  i77(»;  HiipjiostMl  to  b<»  dcscrtiMl. 
Kit'lianl  Uichar<ls(ni,  July  liJ,  1V77;  siippost'tl  t<>  1m«  (l»'S('rt»'(l. 
tSamiu'l  fcJmith  .July  U5,  1777;  kiil^d  aL(f(M-maii  Town.  Ut^toluH-, 

4,  1777. 
John  Uanlen,  July  i:l,  1777. 

Sf-rund  Lieutnmnts. 
(ial)rii>l  IVtorson,  July  Ul,  1777,  ;  riaimsa  first  litMitouaney  vicf 

lii«Mitt>nant  Cook,  promott'd. 
Bt'ujamin  Nt'iliy,  July  13,  1777;  claims  a  first    lioutiMiancy  vicf 

Lit^utenunt  8tokeloy,  promoted. 
Daniel    Mickey,  .luiy    13,  1777;  claims  a   llrsi    lieutenancy  vice 

Lieiitenaitt  Finh-y,  promoted. 
Andrew    Fiidey,   July  i;>,  1777;  claims  a.   Ilrst  lienti'uancy  vi<ro 

Lieutenant  Smitli,  killed 
William  Audterson,  July  13,  1777. 
liarnaby  Owens,  .July  13.  1777. 

Jolm  Stevenson,  July  13,  1777;  cashiered  November  30,  1777. 
Alexander  (iraham,  .July  13,  1777. 

Ensif/n.  i 

Robert  .\nthony  McClain.  July  13,  1777:  killed  Septi'uiber  '27  hy 


Ensign  Mcliride. 


DamkI/  Hhodiikad, 
Colvntl,  Eiyhtlt  PennayloanM  Reyinitnt. 


■■*»*'■'" 


I  m 


M^t 


Fifst  Lieutenants. 

Thomas  Cook,  captain  July  2*),  1777. 
Nehemiah  Stokely.  captain  October  Id,  1777. 
John  Finley,  captain  October  '2'2,  1777. 

Second  Liftifemtntft. 
(rabriel  Patterson,  first  lieuteiuxnt  July  'jfi,  1777. 
Benjamin  Neily,  first  lieutenant  October  4,  1777. 
Daniel  Mikey,  first  lieutenant  October  10,  1777. 
Andrew  Finley,  first  lieutenant  October  22.  1777. 


THK  PKN.N8VLVAMA  LI^K. 


479 


Djivid  Kil^;on», 
Haiiiiicl  MillfP. 
Van  Swt'iiriiim'ri. 
JniiH'H  Pi'j^jot. . 
Vfiitlt'l  ( ►iirv. 
.Iiimcs  Mont j^omcry. 
Micliiii-I  M<>lTiiii^l(>. 

*  Mat  tlK'W  Jarlv. 

'I'honias  Cdok. 
NcluMiiiiih  StoUt'ly. 
John  l''inlcy. 
Hasil  I'rt'atlicr. 
John  Hiii^lif's. 

*  Ki<'!ianl  Itic^hanlson. 

*  Samuel  Sinit  h. 
^John  Hai'(h'n. 

*(fal)ri<'l  PrttTson. 

*  Henjaiiiin  >Jt'ily. 

*  Daniel  Mickey. 

*  Andrew  I-'inly. 

'  Wiiliaiii  Aiiiherson. 

*  Miifnal)y  ( )\ven. 

*  John  Stevenson. 

*  A  it'Xander  <  frahani. 


<  ajjlairiii. 


First  Lieutenants. 


Secon*l  Lie ii  ten  nnt.s. 


Ensif/n. 


*  Hohert  Anthony  McCleari. 

Adjutant. 
*Jol.n  Crawfonl,  February  :]. 

The.se    marked   Thus   *  want    <.'uminisi«ions,  all   of  wliieli   are 
dated  tlie  i:5th  day  of  July,  1T7T. 

(Endt)rsed|   Names  and    lianks  of  OHicers  in  ('oionel  Brod- 
liead's  Regiment,  Eij^htii  Pennsylvania. 


*ijj 


li 


^'■•**fi  i 


uZA^^ 


m 


i 


til'*    ! 


480 


THK  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


(JOLONEL  lllCHAlil)    HUTLEU  S  NINTH     I'ENNSYLVA 

NIA  KKHIMENT. 


Return  of  aU  ihe  Qtfh-or.s  irhn  hare  served  in  the  Ninth  J'eunsi//- 
vania  Reijiment  fmm  the  First  Day  <>t'  Janiniif/,  1777.  7///  Ihi.s 
date,  xiuu'txt  27,  1778. 

Field  Offleers. 

(yolonel  Atlioiiy  .Tam«'s  Rlorri.s.ivsigin'd  in  April  or  May,  1777. 

Lieutt'iiunt  (Icloiu'l  <te«)rg«^  Najfel,  promott'd  to  colonel  of  the 
Tenth  reginiiMit  Fehiiini-y  7,  1777. 

Major  Matthew  Hniith,  proui(»ttMl  to  li«Mitenant  colonel  <)f  tlie 
Ninth  Pennsylvania  ret^iinent  Fehruary  7,  1777;  resigned 
Fehrnary  l(i,   1777. 

(\>lonel  Kichard  Hiitler,  June  7,  1777;  promoted  I'roni  lieuten- 
ant colonel  of  the  Firs;  Peiuisylvania  reginn'nt. 

liieutenanr  ('olonel  ('ale))  North,  ()ctol)er  23.  1777;  transferred 
from  the  Eleventh  Pennsylvania  re^jiment  in  the  new  ;(r- 
ranjjement. 

Major  Francis  Nichols,  Feljrnary  7,  1777;  promoted  fnnii   ca[)- 


tain. 


Captains 


Francis  Nichols,  promoted  to  nuij«)rof  the  Ninth  Peinisylvania 
reginuMJt  Fehrnary  7,  1777. 

Joseph  Irwin,  Novenil)er  1'),  177(5;  left  ont  of  the  new  arrange- 
ment. 

Joseph  McClellan,  November  15,  177G;  claims  rank  July  15,  1770, 
as  mentioned  on  llie  hack. 

Jacob  (t.  Dircks,  resigned  March  •'?,  1777. 

Thomas  Partholomew  l^owen,  November  15,  1770;  claims  rank 
September  2,  1770,  a.-<  mentioned  on  the  back. 

IMatthew  Henderson,  November  15,  1770;  left  out  of  the  new 
arrangenient. 

John  Pavis,  November  15,  1776. 

John  Nelson,  cashiered  May  15,  1777. 

Thomas  (fourley,  March  3.  1777;  resigned  May  23,  1778;  his  com- 
mission shonKl  have  been  dated  February  7,  1777,  vice 
Nichols. 

George  Grant,  June  10,  1777;  chvijus  rank  March  3,  1777,  vice 
Dircks. 


HI 

11 


THK  PKNXSYLVANIA  LINK. 


481 


First  Liimtt'uavt.s. 
Thomns  (foiirlcy,  nniiiiot.Ml  tc»  cjiptaiii  March  !],  1777. 
(il(M»rji"  (rniiit,  i)r(>iiio\iM|  tn  cnptaiii  .hiin-  t'.t,   1777. 
William    Wiiitiiiaii,  N<>v<'iiii)iT    1.").    1770:  iir<tinrit<t<l    tr>  i-aptniii 

li)'Mt<'iiai>l   ill  th*'  ID'W  airani^ciiDMit  :  prisoiD-r  on  pamlf. 
Haiiiii*>l  Davis,  Novciiiln'r  1"),  177t»;   It'tt  out  of  the  m-w  jiniin;;!'- 

IIK-llt. 

Wiliiaia  IJrown,  Novi'IiiIkm-  l.l,  177(i;  JiM  out  of  i  he  new  MiDmi^f- 

IIDMlt. 

MorM  Morj^au,  NovfiiiiM-r  !•">,  1T7<> :  ii-l!  out  of  tjie  new  ainm^^c- 

iiifiit. 
Ht'iijaiiiiii  (xf  init  ii,  rt'sij^iitMl  No\  ciiiIkt  liO,  1777. 
Niciiolas   ('oluniaii,  Nov«']iihci-  1."),  177<5;  left  nut  of   t  In-  new  ar- 

raii^^cmciit. 
.Joliii    Hiclciiaiii,    jNfarnli   15,  177*;  W'ft    out  of   tlic   in-w   arnin;;*'- 

lueiit  ;  lit'sliotild  iiavf  JK-t'ii  promot<'<l  to  first  lieutenant  I't'lj- 

riiary  7,  1777,  vice  (Tourley.  vice  Nicholf. 
William  V'^aiilear,   July  22,    1777 ;  claims    nuik    March    :;.    1777, 

vice  (trant,  vice  Dircks. 

tie<:nud  J/iea tenants. 

John  Hickham,  promoted  to  first  lieut<'iiant  March  '■),  1777. 

William  V'anlear,  promoted  to  liist  lieutenant  July  22,  1777. 

Robert  Mcliride,  Movember  15,177(i;  left  out  of  the  new  arrnns^e- 
nient ;  he  should  luivf  been  i)romotedto  first  lieutenant  May 
15,  1777,  vice  Wliitman,  whoouj^ht  to  liave  succeeded  Captain 
Nelson. 

Joshua  Hartholomew,  dead  INfarch  lO,  1778;  should  have  be.jn 
promoted  to  first  lieutenant  November  !30,  1777,  vice  (TrifTith. 

Jacob  Vandersli(re,  November  l.">.  1770;  continued  a  lieutenant 
in  the  new  arrangement  ;  (daims  first  lii'Utenancy  Mandi  H», 
1778,  vice  liartholonunv. 

Hteplien  Stt^venson.  November  ir>,  1770;  continued  a  lieutenant 
in  the  new  arrant^ement. 

Ab(d  UeeH,  resigned   August  14,  1777. 

John  Ashton,  March  3,  1777:  left  out  of  the  new  arrangeuK'nt  ; 
ht^  should  have  been  promoted  to  second  lieutenant  February 
7,  1777,  vice  Hickhaui.  vice  (jourley,  vice  Nichols, 

Daniel  Darragh,  Atignst  o.  1777;  left  out  of  the  new  arrange- 
ment;  lie  should  Inive  been  promoted  to  second  lieutenant 
March  'd,  1777,  vice  Vanlcar.  vice  (Irant.  vice  Diroks. 


■**.x' 


li 


ns/r/n.- 


John  Ashton,  promoted  t<i  second  lieutenant  ^larcli  H.  1TTT. 
Daniel    l)a.rragh,    promoted    to  second    lieutenant  August    5, 


1777. 


31 -Vol.  XV 


I 


m  1 


'•i^} 


m 


'H^ii 


482 


THE  PEJ^NSYLVANIxi  LINE. 


John  McKinney,  April  29, 1777  ;  continued  lieutenant  in  the  new 
iirrangenient ;  clainiH  rank  May  15,  1777,  as  second  lieutenant, 
vice  McBride,  vice  Whitman,  vice  Nelson. 

Tlionias  Laverswyler,  August  5,  1777;  left  out  of  tlie  new  ar- 
raugtuient  ;  should  have  been  promoted  to  second  lieutenant 
March  10,  1778,  vice  Vanderslice. 

William  Thompson,  adjutant  since  the  lirst  estal>lishnient  of 
the  regiment ;  appointed  ensign  in  the  new  arrangement. 

Joim  Tate,  paymaster;  appointed  ensign  in  the  new  arrange- 
ment. 

George  Knox,  ipiartermaster ;  appointed  ensign  in  the  new 
arrangement 

William  Dicky,  resigned  October  ;31,  1777. 

Joint  Llewellin,  resigned  July  11,  1777. 

Nezer  Swaine,  resigned  July  10,  1777. 

John  Hoge,  left  the  service  August  1,  1778. 

Robert  Miller,  resigned  OctoVier  2").  1777. 

Henry  O'neal,  left  the  service  NovemVjer  1,  1777. 

Robert  White,  left  the  service  February  1,  1778. 


(fffjcer.s  Tiuns'ferred  ffom  olhtr  Jiti/hnmt.s  to  tht'.s  ni  (he  ncir  Ar- 

K.mi/etnent. 

Cujitahis. 

.Tolin  Pearson.  Eleventh  Pennsylvaida  regiment. 

William    Mackey,  Eleventh    Pennsylvania  regiment;  prisoner 

of  war  on  jnirole. 

I  Endorsed]  A  jjist  of  ail  <  )tTicers  who  have  served  in  the  Ninth 
Pennsylvania  Regiment  since  January  1,  1777.  with  the  »lates 
<»f  tlieir  Commissions,  Occurrences.  Claims  of  Rank,  etc. 


(On  i)ack  of  Return  of  Oflicers  of  the  Ninth  Pennsylvania 
Regiment,  referred  to  therein,  j 

Captain  Joseph  McClellan  and  Captain  Thomas  Hartholoinew 
T^)wen  of  the  Ninth  Pennsylvania  Regiment  found  their  claim 
of  Rank,  as  Mentioned  in  the  Within  List,  on  the  following 
Pretentions: 

Early  in  1770.  Three  J^attalions  of  legular  Troops  Under  the 
command  of  Colonel  Miles,  were  raised  for  two  years  by  the 
State  of  Pennsylvania,  and  were  enter'd  into  the  Conlinental 
Hervice.  under  tlte  Denonniuttion  of  State  Troops.  In  these 
the  ClainiantB  receiv'd  Commissions. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE 


488 


Mr.  ^IcClellau  receivM  a  Captaincy  on  the  15th  July,  and 
Mr.  Boweuasthe  Eldest  yiibaltern,  bhouUl  have  succeeded  to 
a  Company  vice  Captain  Peeblfc>,  who  ilied  in  Captivity  the  2d 
September,  1770,  of  tlie  Wounds  he  receiv'd  in  tlie  Battle  of 
Lon^  Islauil. 

The  Executive  Power  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  having 
thought  i)roper  toretluce  the  three  I>attalions  to  one,  left  it  to 
the  choice  of  the  Ollicers,  whether  they  would  continue  in  the 
State  Service  or  accept  Commission.-^  in  the  Continental  Kegi- 
ments  on  the  (then)  New  Establishment ;  ami  these  (Jhiimants, 
with  other  of  the  Senior  Officers  were  (agreeable  to  their 
Choice)  transferr'd.— Several  Junior  Officers  wer^  made  Cap- 
tains in  tl.at  Regiment,  and  now  take  Kank  of  Captains  Bowen 
and  McClelian.  by  having  Commissions  oi  earlier  dates;  that 
Regiment  liaving  been  made  Continental,  and  the  Officers  re- 
ceivM <'ommissions  from  Congress  of  the  dates  of  their  first 
Appointments  in  the  Service  of  the  State.  These  Claims  were 
allowed  by  a  Court  of  Inquiry,  of  wnich  Lieutenant  Cok»nel 
Bure  was  President,  in  January  la.-t,  and  the  proceedings  de- 
liverM  to  Major  General  Lord  Sterling— A  Copy  of  which  (it  is 
saitl)  was  transmitted  to  the  Honorable  tlie  Boar«l  of  War. 


A  Kttuin  of  Captain  Joseph  McCltUan' s  Comjianij  of  the  JVinih 
Pennvi/loaiiia  lief/iinents  Commandtd  htf  Colonel  Richard  JhU- 
ler.     The  whole  enlisted  dnrinf/  the  trar,  SejJt.  10,  !778. 

Ser</e(inis. 
Daniel  Vanderslice. 

Hugh  Hearren.  hospital,  French  Creek. 
Sampson  Dempsey,  on  command,  Reading. 

Corpora  is. 
Samuel  Woods,  hospital,  Princetown. 
(]'hristian  Voung. 


"'^ 


(reorge  Stewart. 


Drummer. 
Privates. 


(ren^'ge  Alferd. 

Henry  Harper. 

(teorge  i*ention. 

Thomas  Sumner. 

Adam  Coch. 

l>nniel  Salliday. 

Daniel  Benhart,    hospital,  Bedford. 


%i 


m 


III 


rftm 


m 


I 


■»    ■}, 


a  '; 


484 


THE  PKXN8YLVANIA  LINE. 


Pr«^ili»ri<'k  Uaiinook. 

Jucol)  Powlcs, 

litln^^lllill  iMorrJM)!). 

Thomas  Powcl,  ott  coiniuitiKl,  li^jlit  iultinlry. 

Frames  Mattlu'ww,  <>ii  coiniuaiiil.  lij^lii  inlantry. 

Patrick  Uo(*U,  uii  ('oiiiiuaiul.  Ii^;lit  iutaiitry. 

Aiulrcw  tSlialV'i',  on  coniiiiaiiil  with  (ienoral  Arinst roiij^. 

UobiMt  Ea)j'<Mi    ho>*pital,  l-'ri'iich  t 'ii'ck. 

James  Haiiios.  hospiial.  French  < 'rt'ck. 

.)iune>  KaHahuM,  hospital,  Kas(<>n. 

<f(>or>,je  Sliater.  iiospiinl,   lOaston. 

.I»»hM  ('onneiy.  hospital.  Hasion. 

Pt>ter  Ma^er.  ht>spital.  yiuiferstown. 


WlMitAM  VANIiKAH. 


LieKU-naut,  A'int/i  J'ouisi/loania  Rerfhinnt. 


A  lii'tiini  o>  Captain  Thoiiids  If.  lintnn'.s  Cfunpanj/  <\f  fhf  Nhifh 
Pcnnsi/li'iinia  Hi'tfiDii'nt,  ("nniiiinitiiii/  hi/  Colnnel  liiihaiff  Unl- 
Icr.      Tilt  irliole  tnlistcti  itiirin;/  Hu  /no,  KS('/)tciiiht'r  10,  1778. 


lS'.'r(/ean('S, 


Hiohar«l  8park.s. 

Tliomas  Snowden,  lios]>ital.  Princetown. 

Thomas  Hrown. 


jMwrence 


TraK'o 


•lohn  1\  ( Conrad. 


(leoijjfe  Wolton. 

,Joln»  Marshal. 
.John  Kced. 
John  Tarney. 
Tiiarles  ('o\. 
Christopher  l)UH;an. 
Sylvester  Hi>^an. 
Roger  Curry. 
Dennis  Kennedy. 


<'orj)i>)(i/. 


Dnnnmet 


Fiffi: 


Prii'iites. 


Hannu 


R 


eeder. 


Ambrose  Connor. 


THE  PEiNNyYLVA.MA  LINE.  480 

Jolni  Mc.Af«'e. 
Kniiicis  <((>\va.ii. 
.Joliii  HcyiioldH. 
.I/i('<»l>  RlytTs. 
JaiiM'H  (ionloii. 
I'atrick  MrOroHHan. 
Willi.uii  K.'lly. 
l)iiii(*aii  McFarl/iiid. 
^.Iitlin  Nowcl. 
Patrick  McMallcii.  ■ 

I't'tt'i*  Plialan. 
Joliii  Haii^hi'ii. 
Jolin  CaAciiaiiKh. 

William  (MuiiuberH,  on  coiinnand,  liwht  infantry. 
Tlionias  lltistlcr,  «»n  roimiiand,  l^liiladt'ipliiu. 
William  May.  lioHpital,  li^'dford. 
]>aiiii'l  CamplK'll,  hospital,  Liglitloot. 
Mifliat'l  Uyl<\v,  hospital,  Iiij,'h(fo«»t. 
Joliii  l\l<»rton,  liospital.  Yellow  8priii^,'s. 

WiLMAM   VaM.KAM. 

Lieutenant,  Ninth  J'tunsi/ivania  Reyiinent. 


\m 


I  mi 


Hnll  of  Cnnfoin  John  Davis'  fnmpany.  Ninth  I'mnisi/lvnuia 
Iiei;imf)it,  f'nitimaiKlfd  In/  Cotonel  Rhihanl  Jintlci.  Whn/t  of 
Iho  Dieii  fulisttd  during  the  irar. 


Charles  Milliiijjf 

(h'orge  DulTy. 

Jolm  Zanes. 

Joseph  Cocln-an. 
fMiarles  Hazard, 
.lames  Dougherty. 
David  Kd^ar. 
Alexander  ^IrKinly. 
William  ^riller. 
Frederick  Htillwai^Kon. 
Michael  Fleming. 


.Sv  njf'ant. 

/hniniii'i: 
J'/irates, 


"*> :  :''■■  '!H' 


% 


486 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


BiMijainiii  Twiney. 

Paul  Itussel. 

.Tos.'ph  Wrlch. 

John  r^IilltT. 

John  Maise,  di'tnched  on  infantry. 

Edward  Nelson,  Yellow  8i)rin^s  hospital. 

Stullll  iSt  ill  wagon,  driving  waggon  in  the  regiment. 

Abraham  Doeland,  driving  for  the  infantry. 

(^harles  Cooiht,  slelv  in  camp. 

George  Donglierty,  on  His  Excellency  s  gtnird. 

JoHX  Davis, 
Captain,  Ninth  Peniisi/lcania  Keuiment. 
Camp,  September  10,  1778. 


Roll  of  Captain  George  OranV.s  Company  of  the  Ninth  Pennsi/I- 
rania  liegiiuent,  Commanded  l)ij  Colonel  Richard  Butler.  The 
ichole  enyaged  to  {ierpe  during  the  war.     September  10,  1778, 


Sergeant. 
Henry  Cotiinghani,  on  fnrlough. 

Corporal. 
Samnel  Jamison. 

Privates.  j  , 

Jolni  Co.v.  ! 

Thomas  Barton. 
Samnel  Hlair. 
James  Newhnry. 
Nathaniel  Moon. 
George  Hellinger. 
Harney  Mnrpliy. 
James  Keith. 
Thonms  McCord. 
Joseph  Land*,  sick  in  camp 

Peter  Keplinger,  sick  in  camp.  ■  ' 

Jacoi)  Beaton,  in  infantry. 
Joseph  Homier,  on  fnrlough. 
Barney  Colder,  sick  in  liospital,  Reading. 

John  McKixhcev, 

Lieutenant.  Ninth  Penn.si/lvania  Reaiment. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


487 


A  liiturn  of  Cdjitaiii.  Jui-.epli  Eiirin'a  (Jompdny  of  (fi<  Ninth 
Peniini/lvcuua  Re[/hnent,  Coinma)ule(l  hji  Colonel  Rirhmd  Jinf^ 
ler.      The  tohole  tulisted  chuiug  the  iv<ir,  Sejtt.  10,  1778. 


Serfjeanf.s. 
Jdiiu's  (-rraliain. 
J(»hn  Sutherlaiid,  on  ('oinintiud. 

Edward  Brtiuks,  in  light  infantry. 
John  O'Neal. 
Tijonias  Sloan. 

Fffer. 
John  Ea^«'n, 

Privates. 
Jacol)  Jolnisnn. 
I'at  ricl\  I'Vrnell. 
])a.vid  Walter. 
Jaiue.s  Oanipbell. 
(ieorge  Kecroft. 
Michael  McCarty. 
Jolin  Tracy. 
Henderson  Wright. 
Tiionias  DulT. 
John  McBride. 
John  Kennedy. 
Jolm  Pidgeon. 
James  Cochran. 
James  Jackson. 
AlexanihM-  Moore. 
Michat'l  Weldner. 
John  Hhickely. 
Hiciiard  Hollowell. 
Peter  Davis. 
Kiciiard  Kenedy. 
Edward  Armstrong. 

Willian:  Mileliam.  on  coinmnnd.  light  infantry. 
Micliael  Carter,  on  command,  liglit  infantry. 
Artluir  ftlolloy,  on  command  with  General  Armstrong. 
Ricliard  Ketchem.  on  furlongh. 
Roger  Sullivan,  hospital.  French  Creek. 
Joseph  Mileham.  hospital,  Hedford, 
James  Coney,  hospital,  French  Creek. 


^<H 


488 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Jt)liu  Nagel,  hospital,  Betlilf^hein. 

James  Caxdon,  siek,  French  Creek.  ; 

James  McCabe,  sick,  Trenton. 

WiiiLiAM  Vani.kau, 
Lieutenant,  Ninth  Pennmi/loauia  Regiment. 


A  lieturn  of  Inte  Captain  Henderson's  Company  of  the  Ninth 
Pennsylvania  liegiment,  Comma ntled  by  Colonel  liibhard  But- 
ler. The  whole  engayed  to  seme  during  the  war.  September 
10,  1778. 


James  Voris. 
James  Asliton. 

Bartholomew  Cain. 
John  Ross. 
Robert  Hamilton. 

Thomas  Flower. 


otrgf^'K:' 


Coi  /'  I  a  Is. 


Fifer, 


Pricates. 


Richard  Barnes. 

Arthur  Tarry. 

J(.hn  Ellis. 

.lohn  Harch, 

John  tSmitl\. 

William  Rodman. 

Zacharias  Brandt. 

(Teorjje  Hart. 

Henry  Holmes. 

John  Mills. 

Peter  Millar. 

Francis  Smith. 

David  Burns.      .     .'    .  .^   • 

Robert  Gore. 

Tijomas  Phellan.  .  • 

Thomas  Peacock,  in  infantry. 

SHhastian  Spencer,  in  infantry. 

Joseph  Brooks,  sick  in  camp. 

Jaines  Rowlanil,  on  command  and  forajje. 


THE  PENI^SYLVANIA  LINE. 


489 


Anthony  Holtnnii,  on  coniniaud  and  forage. 

Benjairiin  Harris,  on  command,  Albany  ;  driving  forage  wagon. 

Gt'<»rg»3  Hohnan,  siok. 

V.'illiam  Page,  sick,  I*eeks  KilLs.  • 

Francis  King,  sick,  Fn.^ncli  Creek  hospital. 

IMiilip  Keas,  sick,  French  Creek  hosi)ital. 

Wickard  Ijavering,  sick,  Princetown. 

Joiiii  C'aiiinieron,  .sick,    Princetown. 

George  Rowland,  sick,  Princetown. 

John  Hitt,  sick,  Norristown. 

John  McKixnky, 
Lieutenant,  Ninth  Ftnnnylminia  Regiment. 


A  Return  of  tlie  Cnnipani/,  late  Nichols,  note  wider  the  Com- 
mand of  Lieutenant  William  Vanlear,  of  the  Ninth  Pennsyl- 
vania  Ref/iment,  Commanded  hif  Colonel  Richard  Butler.  The 
whole  enlisted  during  the  war,  ^ept.  10,  1778. 


Henry  Crone. 
John  Mc(Triff. 

Jamew  Matthews. 

Jc»hn  Kelly. 

Robert  Ledfard. 

Andrew  Dunn. 
Daniel  Graiiom. 
John  Fourt. 
John  Carter. 
Robert  Donch. 
Matthew  Davis. 
Owen  Kllis. 
William  Jf)ne8. 
Thonms  Ardan. 
John  Craan. 


Sergeants. 

Corporal. 

Fifer. 

Drummer. 

Pricates. 


2 


... .  M. 
^v  -'Ski 


psfHP 

I?* 


490 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Tliomais  Reed,  waitif^i'f ''• 

John  Brown,  on  comiiianil,  light  infantry. 

Patrick,  Mc(iiasHlian,  on  command  with  Major  Nichols. 

AI)ram*Zane,  on  command  with  Captain  Nagel. 

Jamu8  McCarrigher,  hospital,  Bedford. 

William  Figan,  wagoner. 

William  Vanleah, 

Lieutenant,  Ninth  Pennsylcania  Regiment. 


A  Return  of  late  Captain  Qourley's  Company,  now  under  the 
Command  of  Captain  Davin,  Ninth  Pennsylvania  Regiment, 
Commanded  by  Colonel  Richard  Butler.  Whole  of  the  men 
enlisted  during  umr. 


Thomas  Brown. 
William  Brooks. 
James  McCune. 
James  Kilpatrick. 


Sergeant. 

Corporal. 

Drummer. 

Fifer. 
Privates. 


William  Maud. 

James  Mahony.  , 

James  Jervey. 

Dennis  McGrorty, 

William  Collins. 

John  Welch. 

Patrick  Rogers. 

Daniel  Keys. 

John  Smith. 

Henry  Burlerton. 

Joshua  Tondvins. 

Thomas  Hixon. 

Thomas  Brown,  Princetown  hospital. 

William  Moody. 

William  Smith,  Yellow  Springs  hospital. 

Joseph  Palmer,  working  at  the  armorers  in  camp. 

John  Kirgey,  waiting  on  General  Conway. 

John  Davis. 

Captain,  Ninth  Pennsylvania  Regiment. 

Camp,  September  10,  1778. 


' 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


491 


COLONEL    RICHARD    HUMPTONS    TENTH    1>ENNSYL- 

VANIA  REGIMENT 


State  of  the  Officers  of  the  Tenth  Peinisi/lvania  lier/imenl  from 
the  Jir,st  daij  of  January.  1777,  to  {Jiiiu  24,  177^),  the  time  it 
was  Incorporated  with  Eleventh  Pennsylcania  Reyit/ient. 

Colonel.  ' 
Joseph  Penrose,  resigned  February  7,  1777. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  a. 
Qeorye  Nagel,  promoted  Fel)ruary  7,  1777,  to  ooionel,  vice  Col- 
onel Penrose,  resigned  (left  out  of  the  arningeuient). 
Adam  Hubley,  October  4,  177(5. 

Major. 

Caleb  North,  March  10,  1777;  i)ronioted  to  lieutenant  colonel  in 
the  Eleventh  Pennsylvania  regiment. 

Captains. 
.Tames  G-rier,  March  7,  177C ;  promoted  to   major   October  2:5, 

1777,  vice  Major  North,  promoteti. 
George  Calhoon,  November  13,  177G. 

Tliomas  Herbert,  December  4,  1770;  resigned  February  12,1777. 
Henry  Shade,  December  4,  1770;  cashiered  Oi-tober  17,  1777. 
.John  Stoner.  December  4,  1770;  resigned  November  22,  1777. 
James  Lang,  December  4,  1770. 

R*)bert  Sample,  December  4,  177G;  prisoner  of  war. 
Williani  (-'ox.  December  4, 1770  ;  left  out  of  the  new  arrangement. 
William  Wirtz,  December  4,  1770;  resigned  March,  17iy. 

First  Lieutenants. 

Harman  Stout,  Dectmber  4,  1770.  promoted  Fel)nuiry  12,  1777. 
to  cai)tain,  vice  Captain  Herl)ert,  resigned. 

David  Schrack,  December  4.  1770:  promoted  October  17.  1777, 
to  captain,  vice  (Captain  Shade,  cashiered;  left  out  of  ye  ar- 
rangement. 

Jacob  Stake,  December  4,  1770;  promoted  November  12,  1777, 
to  captain,  vice  Captain  Stoner.  resigned. 

Thomas  M.  Foreman,  De('eml)er4,  1770;  resigned. 

Abraham  Hargis,  December  4.  1770;  resigned  August  1,  177S. 

George  Tripler,  Decemljer  4,  1770;  resigneil  November  1.  1777. 

.'John  Steel.  December  4,  1770. 

Richard  Dull",  April  18,  1777;  never  joined  ye  regiment. 


<i5 


I 


,> ' '  ^G 

EI 

iil 

-  M 

li 

i»" 


»<m 


*f? 


402 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Second  Lieutena)its. 

Francis  Adams,  December  4,  1770;  promoted  April  18,  1777,  to 

lirst  lieutenant,  and  caslilered  May,  1778. 
Ebeiuizer  Carson,  December  4,  1770;  i)romoted    April  18,  1777, 

to  first  lieutenant,  vice  Lieutenant   Dull';  never  joined  ye 

regiment. 
William  Knox,  December  4,  1770;  promoted   April  30,  1777,  to 

lirst  lieutenant,  vice  Lieutenant  Foreman,  resifjned  (left  out 

of  new  arrangement). 
Robert   Patton,  April   10,  1777:  promoted  Octol)er  17,  1777,  to 

first  lieutenant,  vice  Lieutenant  Schrack,  promoted. 

Ensifin. 

Benjamin  Carpenter,  December  4,  1770;  promoted  April  18, 
1777..  to  second  lieutenant,  afterwards  to  a  first  lieutenant, 
November  1,  1777,  vice  Lieutenant  Tripler  (now  resigned). 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Peter  Drummond,  April  18,  1777;  promoted  November  23,  1777, 
to  first  lieutenant,  vice  Lieutenant  Stake,   promoted    (left 
out  of  new  arangement). 

Ensigns. 
James  Grordon,  December  4,  1770;  promoted  April  18,  1777,  to 

secontl  lieutenant,  vice  Lieutenant  Carson,  promoted  ;  since 

resigned. 
Samuel  Boude,  December  4,  1770;  removed  to  Colonel  Proctor's 

artillery  regiment. 

Second  Lieutenants. 
Peter  Shiles,  April  30,  1777;  wounded  at  Brandywine  battle 

and  died  November  5,  1777. 
William  Sliinner,  April  33,  1777;  never  joined  tlte  regiment. 
Robert  Hooper,  April  39,  1777. 

Ensigns. 

John  Cole,  December  4,  1770;  promoted  April  80,  1777,  to  second 
lieutenant,  vice  Lieutenant  Knox,  promoted  (left  out  of 
new  arrangement). 

William  Orr,  December,  1770;  promote<l  October  17,  1777,  to 
second  lieutenant  (vice  Lieutenant  Patton,  promoted), 
cashiered. 

Thomas  Shanks,  December  4,  1770;  cashiered. 

Ezra  Patterson,  April  18,  1777;  never  joined  the  regiment. 

Adam  Keller,  April  20,  1777:  promoted  November  1,  1777,  to 
second  lieutenant,  vice  Second  Lieutenant  Carpenter,  re- 
signed (since  left  out  of  arrangement). 


THE  PEXNSYLV'ANIA  LINE.  493 

George  Weit/cl,  April  22,  1777;  nevtT  joiiied  the  vegiiuent. 
David  Coclirnn,  Ai)ril  34,  1777;  resigneci  September  1.  1777. 
Jacob  Shindel,  April  2i,  1777;  Jiever  joined  the  regiment. 

Second  lAentenants. 
Daniel  Dennis,  November  .l,  1777;  appointed  in  room  of  Second 

Lieutenant  Shile,  dead  (left  out  of  the  arrangement). 
Jacob  Tolbert,  November  7,  1777;  appointed  vice  Second  l^ieu- 

tenant  Sliinner,  who  never  joined  the   regiment  (left  out  of 

the  arrangement). 

Staff  Offlcr  vs. 

FranciH  O'Neal,  surgeon  ;  September  (i,  1777. 

Alexander  Hen.stead,  paynuister;  J)ecember  1,  1776. 

Joseph  Banks,  quartermaster. 

James  McLane,  adjutant. 

AOvV-M  HlBLKY,  Jr. , 

Lieutenant  Colnnel,  Teidh  Pennsy/mnia  Recjhneiit. 

N.  H.— Major  (xrier  was  a  captain  in  ye  First  Pennsylvania 
regiment  and  removed  from  them  and  promoted  to  major  in 
the  Tenth  Pennsylvania  regiment. 

P.  S. —Major  Michael  Ryan,  apj)ointed  major  to  tlie  regiment 
October  2!}.  1777,  and  Suspendeil  that  Rank,  Feliruary  tlie 
19th,  1778,  on  account  of  his  Appointment  being  adjud'd  by  a 
Board  of  (reneral  Officers  to  be  irregular. 

[Endorsed)  Tenth  l^ennsylvania  I'egiment. 


Roll  of  Colonel  Rinhard  Ihimpt'iu's  f'omj)any  nf  the  Tenth  Penn- 
nylvania  Regimeitt  of  Foot,  September  10,  1778.  Enlisteddm- 
inn  tf^t^  war. 


Sergeants. 

Klias  Oisler,  on  furlough  at  Philadelphia. 
Cr.^orge  Dalton,  in  the  field. 
Thomas  Scotland,  in  the  field. 

Corporals. 

James  Meivin,  in  the  field. 
Adam  Rupport,  in  tlu'  Held. 
Levi  Bateman,  light  corps. 

Drum  and  Fife. 
Nathaniel  Thomas,  in  tlie  field. 
John  Funner.  in  tlie  Held. 


'4   ^'^r  -f.-'xh 


III 


4 


494 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Frivates. 
Mark  McCord,  in  the  lield. 
Riclianl  Jemison,  in  tlu' liekl. 
James  (Tien,  in  the  field. 
William  Kulin,  in  tlie  Held. 
Joiui  Truxell,  in  tlie  field. 
Barny  McG-ee,  in  the  field. 
Andrew  Yeater,  in  tlie  field. 
James  Rice,  in  the  field. 
John  Leci'own,  in  the  field, 
(fasper  Bates,  in  the  field. 
.Tames  Fowler,  in  the  field. 
Alexander  Henderson,  in  the  field. 
Hi  njamin  Wells,  in  the  lield. 
Joseph  Pringle,  in  the  field. 
Stephen  Oarven.  in  tlie  field. 
John  Shoemaker,  in  the  field, 
William  Heeler,  in  the  field. 
Chris  P.  Barnthisel,  in  the  field. 
Arnold  Peters,  in  the  field. 
Thomas  Howard,  in  the  field. 
James  Story,  in  the  field, 
John  Wilkinson,  in  the  field. 
Joha  Homl,  refjfimental  baiter. 
William  Pink,  rc>f^imental  waggoner. 
Jolni  Booth,  regimental  waggoner. 
John  Read,  light  corps. 
Patrick  Donakin,  at  commissary  general's. 
Samuel  Dewees,  on  command  at  Philadelphia. 
Martin  Benner,  on  furlougii  at  Philadelphia. 
Phelix  MqCarty,  on  furlough  at  Philadelphia. 
John  Wort,  sick  at  Valley  Forge 
John  Farmer,  sick  at  Lancaster. 
George  Lendersmith,  sick  at  Lancaster. 


Roll  of  Lieutenant  Colontl  Hnrtleifs  Company,  Tenth  Pemisyl- 
iianin  Regiment,  Commanded  by  Colonel  Richard  Humpton, 
September  10,  llUb.     Enlisted  durinr/ tJie  war.     • 


Sergeants. 
James  StTuirt,  in  the  field. 
Daniel  Murray,  in  the  field. 
Joseph  Heatherington,  on  furlough. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


405 


Corporal. 


James  Alcliaw,  in  tli<'  lield. 


Drum  and  Fife. 

Frederick  Pox,  in  the  field. 
Tlioinuis  Bourk,  in  llie  lield. 

Privates. 

Thomas  Perry,  in  the  lield. 
Thomas  P.silter,  in  the  l!<'id. 
James  Hunter,  in  the  lield. 
.John  Camp,  in  the  lield 
Henjamin  Davis,  in  the  field. 
Daniel  McFatridj^e,  in  the  field, 
Henry  Pitcher,  in  the  field. 
Edward  Evins,  in  the  field, 
(-reor^je  Godfree,  in  tlie  lield. 
.lohn  O'Mltt,  in  the  field. 
J'eter  Cross,  in  the  field. 
Thomas  James,  in  tlie  field, 
(jfeorj^e  Stuart,  in  the  field. 
Thomas  Davis,  in  the  field. 
Frederick  Ritter,  in  tlie  field 
.Jacolj  liankell,  in  the  lield. 
Archil)ald  Miistert,  in  the  lield. 
William  Steel,  in  the  field. 
Mattliew  Dorsey,  in  the  lield. 
John  Perinett,  pioneer. 
E/.ikel  Johnston,  sick,  present. 
John  Rodoiig,  sick  i)resent. 
Nicliolas  Hoofmaii,  barber, 
ijevi  Hums,  negro,  waiter. 
Tori-ence  Connel,  on  command. 
John  Heaver,  on  command. 
Peter  Cup,  waggoner. 
Henry  Turner, on  command. 
Thomas  Ready,  on  command. 
William  Campliell,  si(!k,  al)sent. 
Cliristopher  Panis,  sick,  al)seiit. 
Tliomas  Owens,  sick,  aV).sent. 
Patrick  Morton,  sick,  absent. 
Jolin  Smith,  Senior,  sick,  absent. 
John  Smith,  Junior,  sick,  absent. 
Jacob  Dealing,  sick,  absent. 


'i^'f 


J*5; 


496 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


m 


A  Roll  of  Major  James  Greer's  Company  of  the  Tenth  Pennsyl- 
vania Regiment,  enlisted  during  the  war,  September  10,  1778. 
Commanded  by  Colonel  Richard  Hnmptou. 


Sergeant. 
William  Hurton,  ill  the  field. 

Corporals. 

William  Sharp,  in  the  flehl. 
William  Fox,  ia  the  field. 

Drums  and  Fifes. 

William  Scott,  in  the  field.  . 

Alexander  McKinley,  in  the  field. 
John  Smith,  in  the  field. 

Prinates, 
John  Morgan,  in  the  field. 
John  Brown,  in  the  field. 
Paniel  Quin,  in  the  field. 
Samuel  ISeel,  in  the  field. 
Titike  Jolly,  in  the  field. 
Leonard  Grimes,  in  the  field. 
Peter  Eclebergar,  in  the  field. 
John  Duncan,  in  the  field. 
Casper  Shitz,  in  the  field. 
Elijah  Starr,  in  the  field. 
Peter  Clayton,  in  the  field. 
John  You;ig,  in  the  field. 
Matthias  Young,  in  the  field. 
Aaron  Penton,  in  the  field. 
Pliiiil)  l\rorrisoii,  in  x\\i'  field. 
Samuel  Fletcher,  in  the  field. 
Isaac  McHose,  in  the  field, 
William  Garehart.  in  the  field. 
William  Duffy,  in  the  field. 
David  Miu-shall.  in  the  field. 
Roger  Lenard,  in  the  field. 
Philip  IMitTenburgh,  in  the  field. 
Roger  (rrilTln,  in  the  field. 
George  Johnson,  on  command  at  lines. 
George  Deedaigh,  on  command  at  lines. 
Stephen  Smith,  on  connuand  at  Lebanon. 
Matthiaa  Ambrett,  ou  ctMiinuind  at  Rethlehem, 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Thomas  Hamilton,  on  command,  with  Captain  Scull. 

George  Kankins,  on  command,  with  Colonel  Bradford. 

Abraham  Link,  on  command,  with  Colonel  Nagle. 

Andrew  Shirk,  on  command,  recruiting. 

Dudley  McGee,  on  commaiul,  waggoner. 

William  McKinley,  on  command,  waggoner. 

Thomas  Evans,  sick  near  the  hutts. 

Philip  Coldwater,  sick  at  Reading. 

James  Webb,  deserted  fi'om  the  lines  September  1,  1778. 


407 


Roll  of  Captain  Calhooii's  Company,  Tenth  Pennsylvania  Regi- 
ment, Commanded  by  Colonel  Richard  Humpton,  September 
0,  1778.     The  whole  enlisted  for  during  the  icar. 

•         Sergeants. 
Josephs  Suydenspinner. 
Thomas  Hooraft,  recruiting. 

Cor2)orals, 
(reorge  Runyan. 
Daniel  Moore,  command,  light  corps. 


Joseph  Clay. 
Thomas  Powers. 

Mf>.«es  Lyons. 
William  Hoskins. 
Henry  Mooney. 
Lndwick  Dovens. 
,T(>hn  Qniim. 
John  Kellar. 
John  Peradley. 
John  Clark. 
l\[i('hael  Shaw. 
William  Keiiiplin. 
Andrew  Lornumd. 
.Tallies  Sayersoii. 
Peter  Robl). 
Simon  Sheleherger. 
Frederick  Wilts. 
Jarret  Fiiiviii. 

H'2— Vol-.  XV. 


Drum  and  Fife. 


Privates. 


'M 


m 

1 

'IH 

' ' -"id 

iiW 

,1  .  .'ilf^'^S 

■^^M 

i   t'ft'* 

H 

408 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Thomas  Hamilton. 

Michael  Lynch. 

Henry  Prninuer. 

Richard  Short. 

John  Dilanan. 

Andrew  Bird. 

Matht'W  Templeton. 

Jacob  Grrover,  sick  near  camp. 

Thomas  Mortimer,  on  command  at  commissary's. 

James  Lehel,  on  command. 

Revel  Marmon,  on  command  at  slioe  factory.  . 

Robert  Alexander,  on  command,  a  waggoner. 

.Tohn  Rankin,  on  command. 

Mori  van  Wheeler,  on  light  corps.  . 

John  Stone,  on  furlough. 

Stephen  Cradler,  on  furlough. 

(Miarles  Kissinger   on  furlough. 


linll  of  Captain  James  Lang's  Company,  Tenth  Pennsylvania 
Regiment,  Commanded  by  Colonel  Richard  Humpton,  Septem- 
f)er  10,  1778. 


ISergeants. 

Daniel  McLean,  in  the  field. 
Thoma'-i  Filson,  in  the  field. 
1-iarny  Shields,  in  the  field. 

,   .  Corporals. 

John  Smith,  in  the  field. 
James  Tyre,  in  the  field. 

Drum  and  Fife. 

Leonard  Toops,  in  the  field. 
Antlrevv  Hutler,  in  the  field. 

Privates. 

.  Daniel  Powers,  in  the  field. 
Samuel  (ireen,  in  the  field.     . 
.Fohn  Smith,  in  the  field. 
John  Lockhard,  in  tlie  field. 
Adam  Truby,  in  the  field. 
Daniel  Hoy,  in  the  field. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Siiiion  l)ifil)y,  in  tlie  lieUl. 

D.ivid  Stinson,  in  the  field. 

Henry  Falls,  in  the  field. 

James  Sharplice,  in  the  liekl 

Andrew  ('arvat],  in  the  tield. 

John  McBride,  in  the  fleld. 

Thomas  Whelan,  in  the  field.  _  - 

Aiidrew  McCirigan,  in  the  field.  r  r. 

James  nuncan,  in  the  field. 

Robert  Haiuia,  in  the  field. 

John  Siilavan,  in  the  field. 

William  Sta^e,  in  the  field. 

John  Burnham,  in  the  field  . 

Hii>^h  Bradley,  pioneer. 

Hartlioloii'ew  Berrey.  sick,  present. 

John  McCarron,  on  comniand,  lines. 

William  Poufjlass,  artillery. 

.Tohn  Jones,  light  corps. 

Rol)ert  Holston.  light  corps. 

John  Sigafiiss,  lii^ht  corps. 

David  fxrifTin,  regiinentnl  waggonei-. 

Edward  Bnrler,  ai'inourer. 

Samuel  Lessley,  on  command  at  Lancaster. 

Lawrence  Uorman,  on  comniand  at  Fiancaster. 

.VV)raham  Hornick,  regimental  baker. 

Thomas  Borland,  on  furlough. 

Barney  Burnes,  sick,  absent. 


499 


KnII  of  ('fij)t(iiu  Robert  f^nmp/i's  f'ltinpauy^  Tenth  Pennsiflimiiin 
Regiment,  Commanded  hij  Cotonel  Richard  Humpf.on,  Sei'tem- 
/)f-r  !»,  177M      Thi'  /rJioJi-  i)}listed  for  during  the  mar. 


Serqeaitt.s. 
Joiui  Ctreen. 
Willi/UM  Grear. 
i^aniel  McfTlynn,  on  comnunid  light  corps. 

t'ltrfxirah. 
James  Tracey. 
William  Mallen. 

Drum  and  Fife. 

John  Henry  Camp,  two  weeks  command 
John  Stovers, 


I 


■^\:l\ 


600 


THE  PENNSYLVAXIA  LINE. 


Pn'vaten. 


Ot'orj^e 


Will 


laius. 


Williaiu  P(>pper. 
HtMiry  CTiinliicr. 
Valeutint'  nt'lalmrsst. 
Tiionias  lU)j;iu)l. 
Tliotnas  JJart'foor. 
tSainucI  Brown, 
Jatnen  l^IcKiniicv. 


Vnt 


ric 


l.alT 


tM'tV 


Hanicy  iMurray. 

Jacob  IjHar. 

Gabriel  Hnnjrarit's. 

Rlichat'l  11aii^t>ntaubl(>i!). 

l>avi(l  l>aubtMi burner. 

James  l'ortt>r. 

Jacob  Tracey. 

(Jeorj^e  l{raiiiu.'an. 

Henry  McCabe. 

llii'liard  ('ole,  caiiii). 

(^hristoplier  Roke. 

Thomas  Davis,  on  command  lij^bt  corps. 


J) 


allies  Rice,  on  comnumd  li 


^'lu 


corps. 


Samuel  Newcomb.  on  command  iijajht  corjw. 
liol)er<  l*o\ver,  on  command  light  corjts. 
Harney  Valentine,  on  ct)mma,nd  at  artillery. 
Andrew  .lohnston.  i>n  command  mowinj^. 
Jacob  Titter,  on  command  at  Valley  Forjja 
<tt>.llip  Myer.  on  command  at  Valley  i\)rge. 
I'hilip  ^[oiison.  on  command. 
I)avid  1,0^)^11.  sick,  Reudinfj; 
Henry  Matere,  sick.  I\Iid«lleto\vn. 
.lames  Welcii.  recruiting;. 
John  ('iilkct,  sick,  absent. 


li(t/l  tif  Captain  Jaenh  Wearer's  runipani/.  TfiifJi  Ponnsj/lvania 
Hi  (/intent.  Commanded  hi/  Colon*  I  Riihaid  Hiimptou,  iie2J- 
fembir  10.  1TT8.     Enlisted  dtirinr/  the  tear. 


f^ergeanfs, 
Michael  Kberly.  sick,  ju-esent. 
Andrew  Fryer,  in  the  field. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Corpoialis. 

Frederick  Kontz,  in  the  field. 
Michael  Hiiuse,  in  the  lieid. 


601 


John  liourli,  recruiting. 


Fifer. 


Drummer. 


David  Linton,  recruiting. 


PrivaUn. 


John  Tlionison,  in  tiie  Held.. 

Mark  (luile,  in  tht^  field. 

Christian  Nagle,  in  the  field. 

Cliri.'^tian  Sinn,  in  the  field. 

Lodwick  Cromer,  in  the  field. 

Michael  Douling,  in  the  flehl. 

Francis  Shover,  in  tlm  field. 

John  Uock,  in  I  lie  field. 

.John  Meakly,  in  the  field. 

Zachnrias  Hile,  in  the  field. 

William  (fetty,  in  tlie  field. 

Casper  Sliet/.er,  in  the  field. 

Micluiel  Shedler,  in  the  liehl. 

Sanuiel  Deel,  in  the  field. 

John  (Calvin,  in  the  field. 

Micluu'l  Pels,  in  tin-  field. 

Joseph  Sanders,  in  tlie  field. 

John  Kigholtz,  in  the  field. 

Conra«1  Hourk.  in  the  field. 

John  Ellington,  detached  to  tlie  light  eorjis. 

John  Morice,  detadied  to  tlie  liglit  corp.s. 

Samuel  Spison,   detached  to  the  light  corps. 

l-'rederick  Hlailenherger,  l)lacksmitli  for  the  regiment. 

Owen  Winters,  pioneer. 

Heroniiius  Hradagan,  sick,  present. 

Peiijamin  Worrel,  .-^ick,  present. 

Michael  English,   sick,  present. 

James  Forsytli,  sick,  present. 

Joiin  Ilasnuin,  sick,  present. 

John  I'rees,  sick  at  Lancaster. 

Henry  Weiiger.  si(d<  at  Lancaster. 

]\IoseH  Keef.  si"k  at  :\Iiildlefo\vn. 

William  Harker.  sick  in  general  hospital. 

Andony  Petry,  oHlcers  waiter. 


m^  M 


If' 


502 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE, 


A  Roll  of  CaiJtaiii  Harman  Stout'n  Cotnjjani/,  Tenth  Pennsyl ra- 
nia  Hfiyiinent,  Commanded  by  Colonel  Richard  B/unpton,  £s(/. 
Enlisted /or  during  the  war.     SejJtember  i),  1778. 


Tlioinas  Burn!;. 
Thoiiuis  McFarland. 
Joliu  Ciiiupbell. 

Robert  Marishall. 
Abraham  Ril)let. 

Martin  Shore. 
Archibald  McDonald. 


Sevfjeattts. 


Cofporala. 


Drum  and  Fife. 


Privates. 


William  frreenhill. 

Michael  Ryan. 

HtMiry  Henderson. 

John  Tolingir, 

Timothy  Donahoe. 

Lawrence  Keenan, 

William  Warren. 

Perer  Lish.  '  « 

Samuel  Insco. 

James  Fryer. 

Peter  Fochle. 

William  Lesly. 

William  Reed. 

Jolui  Been.  •. 

Robert  Humble. 

John  Noland. 

Thomas  Brady,  Senior. 

Edward  liarner. 

Peler  Laughlin. 

Francis  Fennil. 

Andreus  Houke. 

John  MoCarel. 

George  (^row. 

Jolui  Lnughrin 

William  Barn.s.  . 

John  McGreger,  two  weeks  (?uard. 

John  O'Neile,  canip  colour  man. 

A  l)rahani  Cashaw,  wagjfonei'. 

Andrew  Mullen,  artillery. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Thomas  Brady,  Junior,  artillery. 
Nitthauiel  Croat,  light  infantry. 
John  Thompson,  sick  at  Shearerstown. 
John  LewiS;  sick  at  Reading. 


503 


Roll  of  Cajytain  Jacob  Stake's  Company,  Tent?i  Pf-nnsylvania 
Ref/inient,  (Jommanded  by  t'o/one/  Richard  Hinnpton,  Sej)- 
tembet'  10,  17Tb.     The  laho/e  enlisted  during  the  loar. 


Serfjeant.s. 

.John  Wynne,  in  the  fleld. 
Kamuel  Edger,  in  the  field. 
J<»hn  Ray,  in  the  lield. 

(-'orporals. 

Michael  Elly.  in  the  fleld. 
Martin  Sullivan,  in  the  fleld. 


Drummer. 


.John  Jeffrys,  in  the  fleld. 


Fifer. 


Martin  Ashhuvn,  in  the  fleld. 

Privates. 
John  Pierce,  in  the  fleld. 
James  McCray,  in  the  fleld. 
Richard  Coogan,  in  the  fleld. 
(reorge  Montgomery,  in  the  fleld. 
Williatn  Short,  in  the  fleld 
.Tacob  Stillwell,  in  the  fleld. 
Nathaniel  Webber,  in  the  fleld. 
Timothy  McNamaro.  in  the  fleld. 
Charles  Fulks,  in  the  fleld. . 
•lohn  Gettiss,  in  the  fleld. 
William  Ijeech,  in  the  fleld, 
Lawrence  Sullivan,  in  the  fleld. 
Samuel  Dickson,  iji  the  fleld. 
James  Pratt,  in  the  fleld. 
John  Funk,  in  the  fleld. 
John  Stammers,  in  the  fleld. 
Cjiiistopher  Reily.  detached  to  the  light  corps. 
John  (.'huppel,  detadied  to  the  liglit  corps. 


**<i 
n 


-*» 


i    ''., 


604 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


William  Williams,  detachecl  to  the  liglu  corps. 

Edward  Helb,  detached  at  LeVmnon. 

Rudolph  Crowman,  waggoner  for  the  state. 

Stephen  Falkeiitine,  waggoner  for  the  regiment. 

Daniel  Forker,  waiter  for  the  ca[)tain. 

l*atrick  Coyle,  camp  colour  man. 

James  McLaughlin,  sick,  present. 

William  Grace,  sick,  present. 

Benjamin  Toy,  sick,  present. 

Thomas  Moore,  sick,  present. 

Malcom  Black,  sick,  present. 

Patrick  Collins,  sick  at  Valley  Forge. 

Richard  Harding,  sick  at  Reailing. 

Ofeorge  Webb,  blacksmith. 

Bastion  Maracjuet,  on  furlough,  Lancaster. 


I 


I 


ELEVENTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


State  of  the  Officers^  Eleventh  reunsylcania  Rer/iment,  Richard 
Hampton,  Colonel.  Rm.sed  September  27,  177G,  and  Inroi  pu- 
rattd  icith  the  Tenth  Pennsylcania  Regiment  June  U4,  I77b. 


Field  Officers. 

Richard  Huuipton,  colonel ;  Septeml)er  27,  177G  ;  lieutenant  col- 
onel July  10.  177(5;  by  deternunation  of  a  Board  of  Cienei-al 
Officers,  colonel  October  1,  1770;  comnumd  of  Tenth  Penn- 
sylvania regiment,  .Tnne  24,   1778. 

Francis  (iurney,  lieutenant  colonel,  September  27,  1770;  re- 
signed October  80,  1777. 

Francis  Mentges,  major,  September  27,  1770 ;  transferred  to 
the  Seventh  Pennsylvania  regiment  June  24,  1778;  by  the 
aV)ove  Board  of  General  Officers,  major  October  7,  1770. 

Captains. 

Samuel  Dawson,  September  30,  1770;  by  a  prior  commissioii 
July  10,  1770;  transferreil  to  the  Eighth  Peinisylvania  regi- 
ment, .Fune  24.  1778. 

John  <^'Oats,  Septend)er  ;?().  1770;  resigned  September  7,  1777. 

Adol[)h    Heiirick,   September   30,1770;    resigned    October    30, 

1  I  M. 

William  Bradfortl,  Junior,  Sei>tember  30,1770;  projuoted  ni 
the  commissary  general  of  musters  department  .\pril  U, 
1777.  ,,    .?,, 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


505 


William   Scull,  September    ao,  177<i;  promoted  in   the  iier)j^ra- 

l)her"s  department  July  J,  1778. 
William    Henderson,    Septemher  30,  177<5;  appointed   pnymas- 

ter,  Colonel  MoylanJ's  n-gluient  of  eavalry,  April  D,  1777. 
John  Doufjlas.s,  September  30,  1770;  lesij^ned  December  7,  1777.' 
William    lIcKis«ick,    Sei)teinl)er  30,  1770;  taken   a   pri>oner  jit 

Fort    Washington  ;  superceded   Miircli   ',*s,    1777.  tor   lieing   a 

prisoner. 

Firnt  Jjf/rllteiKOlf.s: 

William  Thomas,  September  30,  1770;  resigned  April'.',  1777. 

John  Cunningham,  September  30.  1770;  resigned  April  '21,  1777. 

Samuel  Deane,  Sei)teml»er  30,  1777 ;  appointed  captain  Ai)ril 
0,  1777,  vice  Henderson,  ai)i>ointed  piiyma>ter  to  (Jolonel 
^loylands  regiment. 

George  Ross,  Junior,  September  30,  1770;  a[)pointed  captain 
April  11,  1777,  vice  Bradford,  promoted;  resigned  April  1, 
177S. 

John  i'earson,  Septeml)er  30,  1770:  appointed  cniitain  Septem- 
ber 7,  1777,  vice  Coats,  resigned. 

William  Tjeaver,  Sei)tember  30,1770;  resigned  Seoteinher  N, 
1777. 

Williniu  Mackey,  September  30,  1770;  iipiiointed  captain  Octo- 
ber 30,  1777,  vice  Hedrick,  resigned;  transieired  to  Ninth 
Pennsylvania  regiment  June  21,  177S;  prisoner  of  war  on 
parole. 

Enoch  Anderson,  September  30,  1770;  nppointed  captain  ]>e- 
ceuiber  7,  1777.  vice  Douglass,  resigned  ;  casldered  Marcli  31, 
1778. 

Second  Jjii-nttiHthls. 

]\raybury  Jolly,  September  30,1770;  lirsr  lieiirenant  April  0, 
1777,  vice  Dean,  promoted  ;  captain  ^birch  :!!.  177>^,  vice  An- 
derson, cashiered. 

Rol)ert  Patton,  September  30,  1770;  taken  a  prisoner  at  l-'iut 
Washington;  sujierceded  April  !.»,  1777,  for  being  a  jnisoner. 

John  Stotesbury,  September  30.  1770:  first  lieutenant  April  '.». 
1777,  vice  Thomas,  resigned  :  transferred  to  Kiglitl.  Peini- 
.-ylvania  regiment  Jinie  24,  1778:  pri.-oiier  uf  war  on  parole. 

Petel"  Jones,  Septeml)er  30,  1770;  lirst  lieutenant  Ajjril  11,  1777, 
vice  Ross,  in-omoted ;  absent  by  leave  June  24,  1778. 

Renjamin  Hammoml,  September  30.  1770;  lirst  lieutenant 
April  21,  1777,  vicc' Cunningham,  resignetl  :  killed  Fel)ruary 
20,  1778. 

Andrew  Robinson,  September  30,  177<i;  taken  a  ])risoner  at 
Fort  Wa-hington  :  sup>'rceded  .vpril  '.•,  1777,  fo<'  l)einga  pris- 
oner. 


lSt!-:-,i< 


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THE  PEN>SYLVA>'IA  LINE. 


Hwiiry  Hoof^h,  Septeinlwr  30,  1770;  lirst  lieiiteiuiut  September 
7,  1777,  vice  I'en i>oii,  pronioted  :  superceded  February  1, 
1778. 

ThoniiiH  Lucas,  September  30,  177(1;  appointed  adjutant  April 
J),  1777;  killed,  liattle  of  Crerman  Town,  October  4,  1777. 

Ensif/iis. 

Alexander  Carmlchael,  September  30,  1770;  .second  lieuenant 
April  I),  1777,  vice  Jolly  promoted  ;  killed  at  liattle  of  Jirandy- 
Avine  September  II,  1777. 

John  McEhlery,  September  30,  1770;  second  lieutenant  April 
*J,  1777,  vice  Stotesbury,  promoted  ;  resigned  Octo))er  30,  1777. 

Nathaniel  Martin,  September  30,  1770;  second  lieutenant  A\)ril 
y,  1777,  vice  Lucas,  promoted  ;  lirst  lieutenant  October  30, 
1777;  transferred  to  Eighth  Pennsylvania  regiment  June  24. 
1778;  prisoner  of  war  on  parole. 

Ralph  Williamson,  September  30.  1770:  never  Joined  the  regi- 
ment. 

Janies  Wilcox,  September  30,  1770;  never  joined  the  regiuient. 

Jolm  Henderson,  Septeml)er  30,  1770;  appointed  a  corner  in 
Moyland's  cavalry  April  [»,  1777. 

Jacob  Piss,  September  30,  1770;  second  lieutenant  September 
7,  1777;  first  lieutenant  February  1,  1778;  absent  with  leave 
June  24,  1778. 

Giles  Hicks,  September  30,  1770;  second  lieutenant  April  ii, 
1777;  first  lieutenant  October  30,  vice  Mackey,  promoted; 
transfei'red  to  Tenth  Pennsylvania  regiment  June  24.  1778. 

Offleers  who  joyned  the  regiment  after  it  inas  raised. 

North,  lieutenant  colonel,  vice  (lurney,  resigned  ;  transferred 
to  the  Nintli  Pennsylvania  regiment  June  24,  1778. 

John  Harris,  captain,  March  28,  1777,  vice  McKissack,  super- 
.-ieded  ;  al)sent  by  leave  June  24,  1778. 

James  Mackey,  second  lieutenant,  April  9,  1777,  vice  Patton, 
superseded ;  first  lieutenant  vice  Lucas,  resigned ;  absent 
by  leave  June  24,  1778. 

IVter  Martin,  second  lieutenant,  April  0,  1777,  vice  Robinson, 
superseded;  killed  at  Battle  of  Brandywine  September  11, 
1777. 

Joshua  Archer,  second  lieutenant,  April  21,  1777;  superseded 
January  1,  1778. 

Lazarus  Stow,  ensign,  April  0,  1777  ;  second  lieutenant  Septem- 
bers, 1777,  vice  Mackey,  promoted  ;  first  lieutenant  February 
20,  1778,  vice  Hammond,  killed  ;  absent  Ijy  leave  June  24,  1778. 

Adam  Tate,  ensign,  April  31,  1777;  second  lieutenant  April  11, 
1777,  vice  P.  Martin,  killed  ;  resigned  October  25,  1777. 


THE  PE.NNSVLVAMA  Ll.NE. 


.Jti7 


Aaron  Norris,  eiisij^n,  April  2'2,  1777;  secoiKnieuteiiau    ftepteiii- 

l)ei-    11,  1777,  vice  Ctiriiiichael,  Ivilied  ;  re.sifjiied   February  15, 

177H. 
Kiius  Reeves,  eii.«igii,  May  1.  1777;  seeond   iieiiteiimit   ()ctol)er 

2'),  vice  Tate,  resi^jued  ;  first    lieuteiiniit   March  ;!1,  1778,  vice 

Jolly,    proiuoted ;    transferred     Eiijlith    I'euusylvauia    I'e^ji- 

inent  June  24,   1778. 
.rolni    Tliunib,    May  30,    1777;  second    lientenaiit    ()ctol)er  IJO, 

1777,  vice  McEldery,  resigned;  superseded  .January  1,  177S. 
NVilliam  Levers,  ensign,  June  2,  1777;  resigned  October  (1,  1777. 
Anthony  Friclier,  ensign,  June   14,  1777;  lesigaed   (Septenil)er 

2i>,  1777. 

fitaf  Qtflrers. 

Thomas  Lucas,  adjutan*^.  April  i>.  1777;  l^illed  at  Battle  of  (ler- 

nuin  Town  October  4,  1777;   Lieutenant    Enos  Reeve.-i  acting 

adjutant  to  June  24,  1778. 
Henry  Steits,  quartermaster  ;  a[)i»ointed  brigade  foiage  master 

October    10.    1777;    Francis  White    justing  (puutermaster  to 

June  4,  1778;  app()inted  an  ensign  Tenth  Pennsylvjuiia  legi- 

ment,  June  2,  1778. 
R(d)ert  McMurdy,  chaplain;  resigned  June  1,  1777;  appointed 

brigade  chaplain. 
Abel  Morgan,  surgeon  ;  appointed  surgeon  totlie  Eiglith  J'enn- 

sylvania  regiment  June  1,  1778. 
E/.ekiel    IJull,  S.  mate;  resigned    February  1.^,  1778;    assistant 

surgeon  in  the  liosi)ital  at  Reading. 
Hugh  Craig,  i)aymaster;  never  joyned  t lie  regiment  :  Andrew 

Epplee  appointeil  paymaster  April  14.  1777:  resigned  March 

1,  1778. 

N.  B.  — Captain    Samuel    Dean    and  Captain   Mayl)ury  Jolly 
are  absent  by  leave  June  24,  1778. 

The    officers  mentioned    al)sent    by  leave   from  June  34,  are 
al)sent  on  account  of  the  iii'W  arrangement. 

Camp  White  Plains,    August  ;iO,  1778. 

Richard  Himptox, 
Colonel,  Tenth  Pe7ni.si//cu)n'a  Htijhnent. 

I  Endorsed]  State  of   the   Eleventh   l^-^nnsylvania   legiment 
from  its  being  tirst  raised  to  June  24,  1778. 


:.  'm 


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508 


ft 

i 


I- 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


TWELFTH  PENNSYLVANIA  RE(HMENT. 


List  of  the  names  >>f  the  Offlcers  who  hace  served  hi  the  Tivelfth 
Pennsylvanid  Ref/iment  since  theflrst  day  of  January,  ITTT,  to 
the  time  it  ira.s  incorporated  irlt/i  tlie  Third  Peunsylouuia 
Refjimeut,  about  July  ■),  17T8. 


Colonel. 
William  Cook,  8epteini)t^r  27,  1770;  resifjned. 

Lieutenant  Colonel . 

Neigai  Gray,  Septemljer  27,  1770;  (lisiuissed  the  service  June 
2,  1778. 

Major. 
.Fames  Crawford,  September  27,  1770;  resigned  November  ](), 

Caj)tains. 

Henry  McKinley,  October  1,  1770:  left  the  regiment  June  18, 

1778,  determined  to  resign. 
Alexander  Patterson,  October  I,  1770;  out  in  the  arrangement. 
(Hawkins  Hooi,  October  4,  1770;  to  the  Sixth  regiment. 
.Fohn  Harris,  October  1,  1770;  resigned  Marcli  1,  1777. 
Nicliolas  Miller,  October  4.  1770;  out  in  tlie  arrangement. 
Joiin  Brady,  October  1,  1770;  resigned  Marcli  9,  1778. 
Peter  Withington,   October  4,  1770;  died  May  11,  1777. 
William  Work,  October  1, 1770  ;  dismissed  the  service  in  Marcli, 

First  Lieutenants. 

Stephen  Chaml)ers,  October  1,  1770;  captain  March  1,  1777:  out 
in  the  a,rrangement. 

Thomas  Hrandon,  October,  4,  1770:  deail  Ajiril  4,1777. 

Christoplier  Gettig,  October  1,  1770;  prisoner  May  10,  1777; 
lost  one  leg. 

Hanania'.i  Jiincoln,  October  4,  1770;  captain  Alay  20,  1777;  r< 
signed  October  17,  1777. 

John  lleily,  October  1,  1770;  captain  May  20,  1777;  to  the  Third 
regiment  ;  claims  rank  from  Mux  10,  1777. 

"William  McElhatlon,  October  1,  1770;  captain  lieutenant  in 
the  arrangement;  to  the  Sixth  regiment;  claims  a,  cap- 
taincy from  Captain  Jiincoln  s  resignation. 

William  Sayres,  October  1,  1770;  resigned  October  11,  1777. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


500 


ii-! 


John  Henderson,  Octol)er  1,  1770;  captain  lieutenant  in  the  aI'- 
I'ungenient  ;  to  the  Thinl  regiment  ;  claims  a  captaincy  from 
Captain  Bradt'orils  resignation. 

Second  Lie ii tenn nts. 

John  Carithers,  Ofto!)erl,  177(5;  first  lieutenant  March  1,  1777; 

killed  at  CTermantown  ()ctol)er  4,  1777. 
Robert  King,  Octol)er  1,  1770;  first  lieutenant  May  30,  1777;  to 

the  Tiiird  regiment,  but  struck  out  of  tiie  muster  rolls. 
John  Hoyd,  Octol)er  1,  1770;  first  lieutenant  May  20,  1777;  out 

in  the  arrangement. 
Edward    McCabe,    October  4.    1770:  first   lieutenant  Marches, 

1777;  resigned  December  20,  1777. 
James  Williamson,    October  4,  1770;  first   lieutenant    May  20, 

1777;  resigned  March  ye  1."),  1778. 
(Samuel  Quinn,  October  1.  1770;  out  in  rearrangement. 
John  Hays,  October  1,  1770;  dismissed  the  service  January  13, 

1778. 

Ensif/ns. 

Henjamin  Lodge   October  1.  1770;  second  lieutenant  March  ye 

1,  1777;  to  tlie  Sixtli  regiment:  claims  first  lieutenancy  from 

Captain  Reily's  promotion. 
Thomas  Hamilton.   October  1.  177<);  second  lieutenant  March 

2S,  1777;  resigned  January  20,  1778. 
William  J^oyd,  October  1,  1770:  second  lieutenant  May  20,  1777; 

killed  at  Brandywine  September  11,  1777. 
Blfi(!kall  William  l^all,  (October  1,  1770:  second  lieutenant  May 

2<>.  1777;  to  the  Third   regiment:  claims  a  first   lieutenancy 

from  Ijieutenant  Carithers'  death. 
Stewart  Herbert,   October  1,   1770;  second  lieutenant  May  20, 

1777;  to  the  Sixth  regiment  :  claims  a  first  lieuteiuxncy  from 

Lieutenant  Sayers"  resignation. 
Andrew  Engle,  October  1.  1770:  to  the  Third  reginu^m  :  claims 

a  second  lieutenancy  from  ye  May  10,  1777,  and  a  first  lieuten- 

nnv  from  Captain  Jjincoln's  resignation. 
^        rt  l-^ui^kner.  resigned  October  11,  1777. 

y  Thomas,  resigned  October  17,  1777. 
.t        I  Seely,  resigned  August  20,  1777. 
J     lU  Armstrong,  May  20,  1777;  to  the  Ttiird  regiment  ;  claims 

a  second  lieutenancy  from  ye  September  11.  and  a  first  lieu- 
tenancy from  Lieutenant  ^^c('ai)e■s  resignarion. 
Jolm  Cook,    Hav  22.  1777;  dismissed  the  service  January  30/ 

1778. 
William  All        i,  I\Iay  20.  1777:  resigned  October  31,  1777. 

To  the  1         >urable  the  Board  of  Commission«>rs  appointed 
by  Congru?       >  settle  the  rank  of  the  olflcers  of  the  Army,  etc. 


TT  l^f*? 


..•1  i 


'  ..Mi 


510 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


The  above  ia  a  true  State  of  the  Names,  Rank,  Dates  of  Com- 
missions*, Promotions,  Removals  and  Casualties  oi  the  Ullict-rs 
who  have  served  in  the  Twelfth  Pennsylvania  Regiment  from 
the  first  day  of  January,  1777,  to  the  time  U  was  incorporated 
with  the  Third  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  in  July,  17TH. 

JCHN    HEMIKIISON, 

Captain  Lieutenant,  Third  Pennsylcaiiia.  Re<jiment 

HK \.J a  M I^   JjODCiK, 

Lieutenant,  Hixth  Pennsylixinia  Rer/iment. 

B.  W.  H\LL, 
Lieutenant,  Third  Ptun,sijloan.ia  Regimen't. 
vVNDHKW   E\glk, 
' Ensif/n,  Third  Pennsi/lvania  Regiment. 
[Findorsedl  Twelfth  Pennsylvania  iiegment. 


THIRTEENTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REdlMENT. 


'!    '     .  I* 


%     "i 


mm 

II 


f 


The  FoUonvinp  is  a  list  of  the  Officers  of  the  late  Thirtt^enfh  Pcnn- 
si/li'ania  lier/inient  from  April  19,  1777,  at  irhich  time  it  was 
Arran</td,  until  Juhj  1,  1778,  at  which  time  it  nuis  In  :orpu- 
rattd  with  the  Second. 


Colonel. 
Walter  Stewart.  JuTie  17,  1777.  i 

Lieutenant  (,'olonel. 
Lewis  Farmei',  supernutiiary. 

.Va  inrs. 
John  Murray. 

Francis  Murray,  supernnmary.  • 

Captai7i.s: 

Patriciv  Anderson,  Mnri'ii  14,  177(1:  suspended  ()ctoi)er  20,  1777. 
John  Marshiili,  March  14,  1770;  joined  Second  regiment. 
Tohn  Nice,  March  14,  1770;  transferred  to  Sixth  regiment. 
Matthew  Scott,  October '20,  1770;  superiiumary. 
.James    Francis   Moore,   October  24,  1770;  joined  Eighth  regi- 
ment. 
John  Spear,  February  (>,  1777;  deiid  Fel)rnary  8,  177M. 
John  Clark,  February  28,  1777;  joined  Eighth  regiment. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE.  611 

Robert  Gray,  February  28,  1T7T ;  superuuiuary. 

Joliii  Rnbb,  April  18,  1777;  Kuperimmary. 

James  Carnahaii,  April  18,  1777;  juiueil  Eighth  regiment. 

Fi/s't  Lieutenants. 

Joseph  Finley,  October  24,    ]77<);  i)romotetl  October  20.  1777; 

resigned  July  10,  1778. 
Tlioinas  .rohnson,  April  IS,  1777;  reii^igned  June  20,  1777. 
facob  Met/.,  April  18,  1777;  .suspendeil  October  20,  1777. 
Thomas  Hoyd,  April  18,  1777;  resigned  Febriiiiry  ."),  1778. 
Jo.seph  Hrownlet^,  April  18,  1777;  joined  Eighth  regiment. 
William  Moore,  A|)ril  18,  1777;  .joine<l  Second  r-giment. 
(reorge  HolTner,  April  18,  1777;  suspended  August  15,  1777. 
Jacob  Snider,  .\prill8,  1777;, joined   Second  regiment. 
George  (fuyger,  April  18,  1777;  snpernumary. 
James  Wiley,  April  18,  1777;  resigned  January  25,  1778. 


Set'ond  LietUenants 


promoted    Jun»'   20,    1777 


James    McMlehael,  April    18,    i7i 

joined  Seventh  legiment. 
John  (+regg,  Ai)ril   18,  1777;  snpernumary. 
San\uel  Kenny,  April  18,  1777;  supernuinary. 
Aml)ro8e  Oraiie,  Aj)ril  18,  1777;  ciishi.Mvd  .\ugust  15,  1777. 
William  Harris,  April  18,  1777;  rcisgned  June  22,  1777. 
William  McCracken,  April  18,  1777;  resigned  Jidy  1,  1778. 
John  Vanpelt. 

Eu.iffjn.s. 

Peter  HoyI,  April  18,   1777;  promote<l  August  1,  1777:  resigned 

April  IH,  1778. 
Rol)t'rt   Gregg,  April  18,   1777;  cashiered   August  10,  1777. 
James  Pickham,  Ai)ril  18,1777;  prom(jted  August  1,  1777;  joined 

Second  regiment. 
John   J'arks,  April   18,  1777:  promoted   August    1,  1777:  join.-d 

Secoj\(l  regiment. 
James  Dugan,  A[»ril  l>^,  1777;  resigned  February  it,  1778. 
Joseph  Collier,  April  18,  1777:  joined  First  regiment. 
John  VanAVindi,  April  18,  1777;  prisoner. 
J'atrick  Fidlerton,  April  18.  1777;  joined  Second  regiment. 
Joseph  Gorman,  Ai)ril  8,  1777:  supernunuuy, 
Abraham  Pemper,  April  l><,  1777:  resigned  April  1,  1778. 
Tlif)mas  Lincoln,  August  1,  1777:  resigned  July  1,  1778. 
Kdwfird  Spenr,  May  8,  1777;  joined  Sixth  regiment. 
William  Johnston,  May  8.  17'.7. 

[Endorsed]  List  of  the  Thirteenth  Regiment.  IVnnsylvaina. 


■Jt 


.    ^f 


in 


1'  ■  *<  sj  i3 


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1 

! 

1 

I 

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mi 

1 

1 

1 

rfii'2) 


ARRANGEMENT 


III-   I  UK 


.'  'all! 
••-"'•',  Jill 


1 


PENNSYLVANIA  LINE 


1777-1778-1780. 


[From    I.)oomn«Mits   in    Hn'   poMSHHsicm  of   the   Department  of 
8tatt),  Washiii^iou  City.] 


M 


r-  '^r-  1^,1-«J- 


33— Vol.  XV. 


(613) 


'?;.M 


^*'^l 


W 


[In  several  instanceH  the  arrangement  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Line  dlflfers  from  that  found  in  the  "History  of  the  Battalions 
ami  Line,"  and  hence  they  are  here  given  in  full.] 


(RH) 


ARKANGEMENT  IN  1777. 


% 


FIRST  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


Arran<femeut  of  the  (Jfficem  of   the  First  Regiment  c/  Fennsyl- 

on  Hi  a. 

doloiiel. 
, lames  CliaintuT.s,  March  2,  1777. 

Lieutenmit  Colonel, 
Richard  Hurler,  Fehruary  22,  1777. 

M<ij<)i\ 
Henry  Miller,  Frbniaiy  12.    1777.  * 

('(t})tains. 

James  (freer,  March  7,  177t). 
l)u\  ill  Harris,  March  7,  177(5. 
.lames  I'arr,  March  U,  ]77t). 
.lames  Hainiltoii,  Maich  1),  1770. 
.lolm  Hoiliday,  Septenil)er  2.'),  1776. 
Samuel  (!raif^,  .laiiuai'y  10.  1777. 
John  Matsoii,  January  1(J,  1777. 
.■\[i('hael  Simpson,  January  10,  1777. 
•lames  Willson,  ^farch  2,  1777. 

First  Lientennnts. 

William  Willson,  September  25,   1770. 
Thomas  Huchauan,  Jaiuuiry  10,  1777. 
'IMiomas  Armor,  January  10.  1777. 
JN'ter  Weiser,  Janiuiry  Ki,  1777. 
John  l)()Uf.fherty,    lanna.vy  Ki,  1777. 
David  Zie^ler,  January  1(>.  1777. 
Abraham  Skinner,  May  i:5,  1777. 
.lames  Holliday.  May  i:{.  1777. 
lienjamin  1-yon,  .\ngMs(  ."),  1777. 

(5ir)) 


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510 


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'■'til  •   ■-'--  " 


THK  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Sevoud  Lieutenants. 


Joliu  McClHllnn,  Way  l;!,  1777. 
Suiuuol  Siiiitli,  May  Wi,  1777. 
(joorjfe  8it'v«Mis«)ii,  INIuy  lU,  1777 
AaronNorcrtts.s,  i\!ay  1<J,  1777. 
Thomas  lioyd,  May  18,  1777. 
.Jolin  Hughes,  IMny  i;{,  1777. 
JaiiK's  MuKill,   iM»y  13,  1777. 
JaiiH's  Mcl-'ailanc.  May  1!},  1777. 
Martin  Shugjirt,  Au}.fii(St  T),  1777. 

Third  Lieutenants. 

Edward  Butler,  May  i:{,  1777. 
William  Glass,   May  13,  1777. 
William  McJ)o\V(>ll.  May  13,  1777. 
Edward  Crawford,  iMay  13.  1777. 
David  Hay,  May  13,  1777. 
David  Mammond,  May  13,  1777. 
RobtM-t  Clifton,  May  13,  1777. 
William  liayard,  AuK"st  27,  1777. 

Aii./Htant. 
Henry  McConnick,  April  l»j,  1777. 

Paymaster. 

Alexaniler  Hnnder,  AiH'il  12,  1777. 

Surgeon. 
William  Majjaw,  May  13,  1777. 


SECOND  1  ENNSYJ.VANIA  REGIMENT. 


Arrnnf/einent  of  the  Officers  of  the  Second  liegiment  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Ma,jor. 
William  Williams,  Fehniary  13.  1777. 

Captains- 

.Tosei)li  How«dl.  .Imiior,  December  30,  1770 
Joljii  Patterson,  DecenibtM-  31,  1777. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Jaool)  Asiiiiit'iui,  January  1,  1777. 
John  liaiiUHon,  January  1,  1777. 
Rog«'i'  Htaynt-r,  January  1,  1777. 
Cfeorjfc  Jenkins,  Marcli  :{,  1777. 
CliriKtian  StJuMI.',  iMaroli  13,1777. 
Samuel  TolbtMt,  Maicli  Ml,  1777. 

Ptrsi  Lieutenants. 

IVtt'r  <TOHiw>r,  January  1,  1777. 

John  Cobra,  January  1,  1777. 

IMiiiip  Clunibt^rf^.  Jiuiior,  January  1,  1777. 

John  8toy,  April  24,  1777. 

Herond  Lieuteufndx. 

John  Pliilip  DoliRfts,  January  I,  1777. 
.hiiucs  MorriH  Jonen,  January  1,  1777. 
Henry  Pierccy,  January  1.5,  1717. 
Wiliiaiu  iloneyman,  Januaiy  15,  1777. 
HiMijaniin  Hoyer,  Alarcli  12.  1777. 
Ahi-I  Morris,  March  12,  1777. 


517 


Adjutant. 


John  Erwin,  .January  1,  1777. 


ttr. 


raj/ma 
James  Johnston,  February  M,  1777. 

QiKuli  rnidster. 
Andrew  liankson,  March  3i),  1777. 

tSiiif/tdU. 
ISamuel  Cunninj|?ham,  April  1(5,  1777. 

Eusi<in.s. 

l'iiilii»  Wuf^oner,  Pel)ruary  5,  1777. 
John  HurtoM,  February  5,  1777. 
Hi'i-aml  (Jlcaty,  Pebrtiary  5,  1777. 
('harles  Daria^h,   February  "),  1777. 


Ti 


lomas 


Norton.  March  12,  1' 


Joiin  iStricUt'r,  April  1?,  1777. 
Henry  Purcell,  April  18,  1777. 


«i'^ 


-j«- 


618 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


THIRD  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


An-angement  of  the  Officers  of  the  Third  Reyiment  of  Penn- 

.si/frdiiUi.  . 


Lieutenant  UoloneL 
Tlionias  <"!rai}^,  September  7,  1770. 

Major. 
Josiah  Hanuar,  March  0,  1777. 

Captains, 

John  Brisban,  April  1,  1777. 
John  Hilling.  April  1,  1777. 
John  Reese,  April  1,  1777. 
Thomas  Moore.  April  1,  1777. 
Samuel  Moore,  April  1,  1777. 
Jame.s  Cristie,  Api-il  1,   1777. 
Thomas  Butler,  April  1,  1777. 

First  Lieutenants. 

James  Montgomery.  April  1,  1777. 
Henry  Eppele,  April  1,  1777. 
William  Craig,  April  1,  1777. 
James  Black,  Ai)ril  1,  1777. 
George  MuCuUy,  April  1.  1777. 
James  Armstrong,  April  1,  1777. 
John  Marshall.  April  1.  1777. 
Jacob  Drake,  May  1,  1777. 

Ser.ond  Lieutenants. 

Jaiiies  Biril,  April  ],  1777. 
Nathan  McMullen,  April  1,  1777. 
Daniel  St.  ("lair,  April  I,  1777. 
Matthew  Liikins,  .\i)ril  ..   1777. 
Percival  Butler,  April  10,  1777.  • 

Ens/ffnn 
James  Lowes,  April  1,  1777. 
Samuel  Coultas,  April  1,  1777. 


THE  PE^'^'SYLVAJSIA  LINE. 


519 


Donald  McDonald,  Apvil  1,  1777. 
John  Young,  April  30,  1777. 
John  Newby,  April  31,  1777. 
Jolni  Goldsmith,  April  37,  1777. 
William  Russell.  April  3'J,  1777, 
Daniel  Oauipbell. 


FOURTH  PENNSYLV'ANIA  REGIMENT 


Arrangement  of  the  Officers  of  the  Fourth  Regiment  of  Penn- 

nylvania. 


Lambert  (Jadwalader. 


Colonel. 


Lieutenant  Colonel. 
William  Butler,  February  24.  1777. 

Major- 
Marien  Lamar,  March  7,  1777. 

Captains. 

Edward  Scull,  January  3,  1777. 
William  Gray,  January  3,  1777. 
Benjamin  Fishbourn,  January  3,  1777. 
John  Mc(.TOwen,  January  3,  1777. 
Benjamin  Burd,  January  3,  1777. 
William  Cross,  January  3.  1777. 
Robert  (^onoUy,  January  3,  1777. 
John  Means,    January  3,  1777. 

Adjutant. 
Barnaby  Owens,  May  2,  1777. 

Pai/ma.ster. 
J  tunes  Hunter. 

Quartermaster. 
John  Davis,  March  o,  1777. 


.1      /■!* 


530 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

First  Lieutenants. 


William  Henderson,  January  3,  1777. 
John  Dover,  January  3,  1777. 
William  Calhoon,  January  8,  1777. 
])avitl  Brown,  January  3,  1777. 
William  Sproat,  .January  .3,  1777. 
Edward  F.  Randolph,  January  3,  1777. 
Thomas  Campble,  Janimry  3,  1777. 
Abraham  Lewis,  ^lay  15,  1777. 

Second  Lieutenants. 

^ileorge  Blewer,  January  3,  1777. 
Samuel  ft  ray,  January  3,  J  777. 
William  Sims,  January  3,  1777. 
James  Armor,  January  3,  1777. 
Isaac  Coates,  January  3,  1777. 
John  Elliott,  January  3,  1777. 
John  Lewis,  April  29,  1777. 

•  En-si(/ns. 

Erkurias  Bentty,  January  3,  1777. 
Samuel  Car{)enter,  January  3,  1777. 
David  Kar,  January  3,  1777. 
Matthias  PohVi    .Tanuary  3,  1777. 
Robert  Steel.  Janiuiry  3,  1777. 
Peter  Sommers,  January  3,  1777. 
•Jonathan  Arnold,  January  3,  17T7. 
James  Willson,  April  29,  1777. 


ii'  '/• 


If 


I 


1k-.-.p 


FIFTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


Arrangement  of   the  Qtficers  of  the   Fifth   Regiment   of   Fenn- 

sylvnnia. 


Colonel. 
Francis  Johnston,  September  27,  1776. 

Jjieuteunnt  Colonel. 
Peroifor  Frazer,  Octolier  1,   1777. 


THK  PENx\8YLVANIA  LINE. 

M(tj(ir. 
Tlioiiuis  Rohinsoii,  ()(!toln'r  U,   1777. 

Captains. 

Thomas  Church.  .lammry  1,  1777. 
Fiv.lerick  V'eruoii,  .laiiuary  1.   1777. 
.laiiiH.s  Moore,  Junuary  1,  1777. 
James  Taylor,  .January  1,  1777. 
Josepli  I'otts,  .January  1,  1777. 
Ale.xauder  Joluiston,  January  I,  1777, 
Henjainin  liartlioniew,  January  1,  1777. 
John  Cliristie,  January  1.  1777. 
William  Oldliani,  Marcli  24,  1777. 

First  Litnteiiants. 

Samuel  Smith,  January  1,  1777. 
Alexainler  McClintick,  Janiuiry  1,  1777. 
Robert  Ore^jg,  January  1,  1777. 
Isaac  Seeiy,  January  1,  1777. 
Thomas  l}ou«l,  January  1.  1777. 
Charles  McHenry,  January  1,  1777. 
.fob  Vernon,  January  1,  1777. 
Jolni  Bartley,  January  1,  1777. 

Adjutftnt. 
John  Harper,  January  1,  1777. 

Paymaster. 
Michael  Kimmel,  March  27,  1777. 

Second  Lieutenants. 
Levi  Griffith,  January  1,  1777. 
.Joseph  Stanley,  January  1,  1777. 
Alexander  Martin,  January  1,  1777. 
(xeorge  North,  January  1,  1777. 
James  Forbes,  Janiuiry  1,  1777. 
James  McCuIloch,  January  1,  1777. 
William  SkoHield,  Janmiry  1,  1777. 
Micliael  Crawford.  April  1,  1777. 

Ensif/ns. 

David  Marshall,  January  1,  1777. 
(reorge  Crow,  January  1,  1777. 
William  AJagee,  January  1,  1777. 
Abraham  Wood,  May  3,  1777. 
James  .Johnston,  .Tune  1.  1777. 
Jonathan  I'ugh,  June  3,  1777. 


521 


,."'  '*a 


* 


522 


If 


t$m:^ 


^ry'i 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


SIXTH  1»ENNSYLVANIA   REUIMKNT. 


Arnmaemeut  of  the    Ojfh-er.s  of  the   Sii.vth    Befjiment   of   Penn- 

nijlvuiiid. 


(Jnlonel. 
K«)l)ert  i\Ia;^ii\v. 

Lientettant  Colonel. 
Henry  Uickur,  Autjust  22,  1770. 

Major. 
Sainuel  Henezet.  Febrmiry  15,  1777. 

l<ij)tain.s. 
Jacob  Hmiiphivys,  Fehiuary  15,  1777. 
Jacol>  Hower,  February  15,  1777. 
John  McCowan,  Fei)ruury  15,  1777. 
Walter  Cruise,  February  15,  1777. 
James  Waugli,  Fel)ruary  15,  1777. 
Jeremiah  Lockry.  February  15.  1777. 
Jacol>  Moser,  Februaiy  15,  1777. 
Luke  liroadliead,  April  21,  1777. 

Fir.<it  Lienteitants. 

Thomas  Bull,  February  15.  1777. 
Hilward  Young,  February  15,  1777. 
John  Savage,  Fel)ruary  15,  1777. 
Thomas  (iibson,  February  15,  1777. 
Archibalil  Campbell,   February  15,  1777. 
Stephen  Haniuih,  February.  15,  1777. 
(T.'orge  Will,  February  15,  1777. 
James  (ilentworth,  June  17.  1777. 

Hecond  Libiitenant.i. 

Samuel  Waddle,  Fel)ruary  15,  1777. 
Samuel  Smith,  February  15,  1777. 
John  Wallace.  February  15,  1777. 
Nicholas  trarrett,  February  15.  1777. 
Isaac  Thompson.  February  15,  1777. 
Greenbury  Hughes,  February  15,  1777. 


THK  PKNNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Philip  f-il>l»ouh,  June  IT,  1777. 
Rc^lnMt  Lyon,  .Inly  8,  1777. 

HtMMimn  Loitlu'iser,  February  15,  1777. 
Fjiniiu'her  Mcl'hersoii,  Ftihriiary  15,  1777. 
.I<)sei)h  (Jox,  Fei)ruary  15.  1777. 
K.inst  Greese,  February  15,  1777. 
JdIiu  Marl\lan(1,  Auj^ust  20.  1777. 
IMiiiip  8iii(ler,  August  21,  1777. 
Jolin  Foster,  August  22,  1777. 
diaries  Maciiinet,  August  2;'>,  1777. 

Adjutant. 
Daniel  Keinieily,  July  1,  1777. 

Pupmastei: 
Enoch  Morgan. 

Onartermaster. 
Jolin  Rhea,  March  17,  1777. 


523 


SEVENTH  PENNSVLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


Arrnnueinent  of  the  Offiatis  of  the  Seventh   Regiineitt  of  P<nin- 

si/tvania. 


Colonel. 
William  Irvine. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 

David  Greer,  February  21,  1777. 

Major. 
tSainuei  Hay.  March  11,  1777. 

('aptains. 
Jeremiah  Talbot,  March  20,  1777. 
\Villiam  Alexander.  Marcli  20,   1777. 
William  Hratton,  Marcli  -.0.  1777. 
John  McDowell,  March  20,  1777. 
John  Alexander,  March  20,  1777. 


:{i 


^|| 


II 


m ! 


n84 


TU\  PENNSYLVANIA   l-INE. 


Al«'.\iiiwl»'r  PuiUor,  Miurh  JO,  1777. 
l{ol).>rt  WillsoM,  Miucli  -JO.  1777. 
tiaiiui«>l  MoiitKoiii('i> ,  Mtircli  'JO,  1777 

A(/JiUiiiit. 
KolMTl    Kllioll,   .Mhi-'Ii  jo.   1777. 


I'di/iinish  f. 


Jolm  KiiiKlil.  March  'JO.   Ti 


Oiiii  I  ii'iiiiiisfi 


.IjniM's  (i)niil)l(>,  Mnrcli  'JO, 


/•V/,v/  JjiiliduauLs. 


ti 


•I* 


m 


,u 


MIP 


Amlr»>\v  lrviiM>.  Mnrdi  'JO,  1777. 
William  Milh-i'.   Matvli  JO,  1777. 
Wiiliiuu  Lii.xk,  Marcii  'JO,  1777. 
Saiinu'l  Kt'imoiiy,  March  'JO,  1777. 
John  Hush,  .March  'JO,    .77  7. 
.I«)lin  nri,s«)n,  .Vpril  10,  1777. 
.Janu's  YtMHiif,  April  10,  1777. 
Tl'.omas  McCoy,  .\iigust  lit.  1777. 

Str<ni(/  l.ieuttnants 

•lohn  llufijlu'.x,  January  'JO.   1777. 
H«>l>crt  MclMuM>«)ii,  .lauuary  'JO,  1777. 
Alcxaiulrr  Uussi'll,  Jaiuuiry 'JO,  1777. 
.Voscph  'I'orrcnct',  .lunuury  'JO,  1777. 
J»)hn  Hlairc,  .lauuary  'JO,  1777. 
Jaincs  Williauisou.   March  10,   1777. 
Kohcrt  Pcoblcs,  April  J 4.  1777. 
Williaiu  Kyle,  June  «.  1777. 

Ensigns. 

Jauu's  Mclli^'in,  March  10,   1777. 
John  McCulluni,  March  10,  1777. 
.Tt>lm  Hu^jhes,  March  10,  1777. 
John  McUec.  March  10,  1777. 
William  Wiilson.  April  'Jl.  1777. 
Alcxan.icr  McWhediiiK.  April  'Jl,  1777. 
James  ilannah,  ^lay  1.   1777. 
William  .\rmntronK.  .lune  (i,   1777. 


TIIK  PKNiNSYhVANIA  LINE. 


635 


1 


'  m 


KKHITII   PliNNHVIA'AiNIA  KEMIMllNT. 


Arniii,{/rinrnl  nf  liir  (>(flirr.s  i>J  Ihr   /'Jfi/hlh  /ifffhneut  of   Penit- 

.sjfUmiiin. 

('ohntvl. 
i)jiiii<'l  Hr<»iMlln')Mi.  Mjircli  I,  1777. 


HlfplK'ii  Uuyiinl,   March  5i,  1777. 

<  'ofllilillS. 

Viui  Swcriiij^cn,   Aii^'wsj  i),   \T,i\. 
Sitmiicl  Millrr,  Aiif,Mi.s(  !»,   177(1. 
.Iiiiin's  I'iKh'oti  AiiKiist  '.),  177('.. 
Wt'iKliil  Owry,  An^'usl  U.  177(1. 
J)iuul  Kilj.;on',  Aiit,Mist  ".i,  177t;. 
All  lr.>\v  Mtiii,  Anmisi  I),  ImII. 
JniiH's  iMmit^'oiinTy,  AiiK'ist   11.  177(i. 
Mii-luM'l  lluofimh'ii',    MiMcli  Hi.  1777. 

First  Ijii  tileiiauts. 

.John  FiMtll.-y,  August  <.l,  \r,\\. 
JNl.-itlhi'W  Jack,  AuKii.-^t  '.»,  177(1. 
^;('h.'rlliah  St(»k('ly,  Aiiijjiist  '.»,  1770. 
'ri'.oiiijis  ( 'ooU,  Aii^Mis)  '.I.  177ti, 
Ha/.il  I'rathcr,   i\iit;ii,st   11,  I77(i. 
.John  Hughes,   AukusI    U.  177(1. 

Si  ci.ikI  LhilUeiKiiiiH. 

JainoH  Guthri<'.   AugiiHt  D.   177(5. 
Ki«',lianl  KicharilH»ii,  Aii>,nist  !t,  177(>. 
Hatiiiii'l  Siiiilh.  .\'i^Mist   !».  177(v. 
Williaiii  (Irawftirtl,  Aii(^'iist  S),  1770. 
John  Hardin,  Au^'usl   11.  r.7(l. 
John  Mackay.  Anj^iisl  11.  177«{. 


.lohti  1^>V<1 


I'ni/nin.slpf. 


(>  tnrfi'rwdsfi'r- 


■^;.; 


w\ 


Ephraiin  l)<»u^'his<-.  Aiih'istVl    U'ii. 


m 


ill  I' 


i: 


m 


536 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Ensigns. 

Beiijainiii  Neily,  AutfU^t  U,  1770. 
Andrew  Findley,  August  i),  177(5. 
Joliu  Siiiix,  Aiif^jiist  !),  1770. 
(iabrit'l  PatttTsoii,  Aiif^ust  D,  1770. 
Dmiiel  Mickey,  Au^nist  <l,   177(!. 
Willijiiii  Aiiibersoii.  August  S»,  177«. 


NINTH    PENNSYLVANIA    REGIMENT. 


Aniiiiii<  iiii  lit  nt    iln    Oiliixi.-i  <ij    the   St'nt/i     Utijinmnt  of    I'tnu- 

sylvaiiid. 


LiPtiteiKuit  ( 'Dionel. 
treor^^t'  Nau.'l,  Am^mim  H).  1770. 

Mcjnr. 
Matthew  Siiiii  li.   I)('<'«'iiil»«'r  .">.   I77(i. 

Ctt)>t(li}IS. 

Francis  Niclidl,  November  l'),  I77(i. 
J(tsepl)  Irwine,  November  l.!,  1770. 
Joseph  McCleilaii,  Novembei-  m,  1770. 
Thomas  IK  Howen,  Noveml)er  15,  1770 
Matthew  Henderson,  November  15,   1770. 
John  l>avis,  November  1."),  1770. 
Tliomas  (ioiiriy.  Mareli  3,  1777. 
George  (iriiiit,  .lune  lit,  1777. 

First  Lientenniits. 

William  Wliitman,  November  1.),  1770. 
Satmiei  Davis,  .liinior.  November  1."),  I77(i. 
Wiiliani  Hrown,  November  ir»,  177((. 
Mordeeai  Morgan.  Noveml)er  15.  1770. 
Henjamin  (frifllths,  November  15.  1770. 
Nicholas  ("'oleman,  Novemlier  15,  1770. 
John  Mickham,  March  15,  r77. 
William  Vanleer,  Jiilv  3'J,  1777. 


THK  PENNSYLVANIA  LINK 

Second  Li etittna id. •>: 

Jolin  Pliiir,  November  15,  I77(i, 

JosHpli  J}ii,rtli<>l<)ni»nv,   NovciiilxM-  1"),  177»i. 

Kobert  RIcT-ide,  NoviMiibcr  lo,   177(). 

Abel  RtH'S,  Nov«'iiibi'r  ]■),   177<i. 

Jju'ob  Vanderislice,  Is'(>veiiibt>r  M.  1770. 

Stephen  Stevenson,  November  IT),  I77ti. 

John  Ashfon,  Marrh  ',i,  1777. 

J>.iniel  Djirroch,  Aiif^ust  .'5,  1777. 

Ensif/iis. 

Williuni  J>ieUey,   November  1"),  1770. 
,lohn  Hoj,'e,  April  4,  1777. 
.Fohn  MeKinney,  A])ril  20.  1777. 
Robert  Miller,   .Inly  S,  1777. 
Benjamin  IMorris,  Aii^^nst  4,  1777. 
Henry  ONeai,  An^n.st  4,  1777. 
Itoluu-t  Wifjht.  Aiif,'ii,st  .'),  1777. 
Thonias  Laverswyler,  .Vn^jnst  ."),  1777. 

Adjutant. 
William  Thv';''son,  November  1."),  1770. 

J'ni/nKi.sfi  r. 
.loiin  Tate,  April  I.   1777. 

(^Hiiih  /muster. 
Thomas  ('rai^i,  Jannary    1,  1777. 


n27 


gMI 

P^HI 

''-tBht^K    U  ^B 

Ml 

> 

% 

'\  -i 


TENTH   PKNNSVIA  ANIA   lilKflMENT. 


Arrnngemenf  of  th<    (tfftctr.s  nf  ffif  T'lit/i    liei/fment  of   I^nn- 

sijlnanid. 


Lieut  I  Hit  lit  Co/aiit/. 
Adam  Hubiey,  IMareh  10.  1777. 

Mnjor. 
Caleb  North,  March  10,  1777. 


I  ll 


»■   I 


;^  n 


''    MP: 


■I  i^Si'- 


if     ?p 


528 


THE  PEI^NSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Captains. 

Hf  nry  Sliade,  December  4,  1770. 
John  Stoiier,  December  4.  177(!. 
Jameis  Lang,  Decembei-  4,  1770. 
Georjje  Callioou,  December  4,  1770. 
Robert  Temple,  J>ecem)>er  4.  1770. 
AVilliam  Coxe,  December  4.  1770. 
William  Wirt.s,  December  4.  1770. 
Herman  Stout,  March  12,  1777. 

Firmt  Li  untenants. 

David  Shrack.  December  4,  1770. 
Jacob  Stake,   December  4,  1770. 
Abraham  Harj^iss,  December  4,  1776. 
Georj^e  Triesler,  December  4,  1770. 
John  Steele,  December  4.  1770. 
Fraiici.s  Adams,  Api'il  10.   1777. 
Ebenezer  (Jarson,  zVpril  10.    1777. 

Serni/.(f  Lientenants. 

William  Knox,  De('emb'M-4,  1770. 
Robert  Patton,  April  10,  1777. 
James  (fordon,  April  18,  1777. 
lienjamin  ( 'arpenter,    April  18,  1777. 
Peter  Drummond,  April  18,  1777. 
Peter  Shile,  April  20,  1777. 
William  Skinner,  April  22,  1777. 
Robert  Hooi)er,  April  20,  1777. 

Ensiffns. 

John  dole?  December  4,  1770. 
William  (Irr.   December  4,  1770. 
Thomas  Shanks,  December  4,  1770. 
Ezra  Patterson,   Ajiril  10.  1777. 
Adam  Keller,  April    20,  1777. 
Georf-e  AVeitzel,  April  22,  1777. 
J)avid  (%»chran,  .April  2:3,  1777. 
Jacob  Shiudel,  April  24,  1777. 


En.. eh  Wri^rht. 
AlexamltT  Hi'nsteaci. 


Adjutant. 

J*(fi/i)iastf?: 


(jitat'tt'iDKi.sier. 
Henry  Small,  .\pril  20,  1777. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


ELEVENTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


03» 


Arrcuir/emeut  uf  the  Offjctr.s  of  the  Eltoenth  Regiment  of  Penn- 
sylvania. 


Colonel. 
Richard  Huniptou,  September  27,  1776. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 

Francis  (xiiriiey.  August  21,  177G. 

I 
JI[ijor. 

Frauds  Jlentges,  Septein])er  27,  1770. 

CajUains. 

Sauiuel  Dawson,  September  W.  177<». 

John  Ccuites,   Sei)temljer  oO.  1770. 

Adolphus  WiUiam  Heydrick,  September  30,  1770. 

William  Scull,  September  :J0,  1770. 

John  DdUf^lass,  September  \i(\  1770. 

John  Harris,  October  1,  1770. 

Samuel  Dean,  April  0,  1777. 

bt'orge  Ross,  Junior,  Ai)ril  11,  1777, 

Fir.st  Lieutt'nants. 

Joiin  Pear.son,  September  130,  177G. 
William  Levers,  September  :S0,  1776. 
William  Mackay,  September  30,  177G. 
EMo(;h  Ander.son,  Septemb.M-  30,  1770. 
l\Iayl)ury  Jolly.  April  (»,   1777. 
John  Stotsbury,  April  9.  1777. 
I'eter  Jone>,  April  11.  1777. 
Jien.jiimiu  liammotid,  April  21.  1777. 

Sevoml  Lii  III'  uantn. 

Henry  Hoogn,  Sei)Tember  30.  ITTii, 
.lauies  Mackey.  April  SI.   1*77. 
P.Mer  iSIiirtin,  April  0.  1777. 
.Mevander  < 'armichael.  April  i*.   1777. 
John  ^^('Kh^erry.  April  (>.   1777. 
34-Voi..   XV. 


Wn 


j:       1 


risii 


Wi  '■ 


^ii 


niw 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Nathaniel  Martin.  April  1).  T 
Giifs  Hicks.  April  '.),  ITTT. 
Joslinu  Archer,  Ajyril  "21,  177' 


Ensigns. 

JiK'ol)  Fiss,  St'i)i(Miiber  30,  1770. 
La/iirus  Stow,  April  9,  1777. 
A<lani  Tat«',  April  'Jl,  1777. 
Aaron  Norris,  Ai)ri]  22,  1777. 
Eiios  Retr'ves,  May  1,  1777. 
J(.iin  Thumb,  May. ;?(),  1777. 
William  Lt'V.'rs,  Jiin.^  2,  1777. 
Anthony  Fricker,  Junt'  14,  1777. 

A(/j>i/niit. 
Thomas  FiUcas,  DeccnilxM-  27,  I77t). 

Paymaster. 
AndrtMv  EppcU',  Ft^hruary  lo,  1777. 


Chaplain. 


Hol)t'rt  Mt'Miinlv.  Mav  17,  T 


(^uiirUnnaster. 


Hi'nry  Stitcs. 


TWELFTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


H 

i 

^m'^ 

'W 

f 

'^' 

j|flt|< 

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k   \. 

. .- . 

r       ^ 

?     h 

k  '   ' 

v\. 

Anaiiijtiittut  of  the  ({ffircr.s  nt   (fn   Twelfth  Regimtut  of  Penn- 

sylvanin. 

Colonel. 
William  rooke,  SppT^^ml)t'r  2**.  177(i. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Nei^ftl  (fray,  St-ptember  28,  177»». 

JaiUf*  < 'ra  wtord,  Scptemht-r  2^,  177<i. 


THE  PE.N^'SYLVANIA  Li:sE, 

Ca]>(ain.s. 

HiMiry  MoKinli'V,  October  1,  iTTii. 
AlcXiuidiT  l*att«*r.sou,  ()ct()l)er  1.  1770, 
Hawkins  Hoone,  October  1,  1770. 
Nicliolus  Miller,  Octoljer  1,  1776. 
.Joim  Brady,  October  1,  1770. 
Sttplit'ii  Ciiainbers,  AJarcli  '.28,   1777. 
Hauaniali  Jiincoli),  May  "^0.  1777. 
John  Keiiy,  May  'iS),  1777. 

Quartermaster. 
Wiltou  Atkinson,  January  11,  1777, 

!Sinf/eon. 
Andrew  Ledlie,  January  18,   1777. 

First  Lieutenants. 

William  McElhatton,  October  1,  1770. 
William  8a\vyer,  October  1,   1770. 
.John  Henderson,  October  1,  1770. 
Edward  Mc(Jal)e,  Mardi  ^8,  1777. 
John  ('arntliers,  IVIay  !2(),  1777. 
Robert  Kin^,  ]May  20,  1777. 
.lohn  Boyd,  May  20,  1777. 
.James  Williamson,  May  20,  1777. 

tiemml  Lieutenants. 

Samuel  Quinn,  October  1,   1770. 
.John  Hays,  October  1,  1770. 
Henjamin  Lodj^e,  Marc\i  1,  1777. 
Tliomas  Hamilton,  ^Farcli  2^  1777. 
William  Boyd,  May  20.  1777. 
Blackall  William  Ball,  May  20,  1777. 
8tewart  Herbert,  May  20,  1777. 

Ensigns. 

.\ndrew  Engel,  October  1.  1770, 
U«il>ert  Falconer,  January  8,  1777. 
Henry  Tlmmas,  Februfn'\   1,  1777. 
Jolm  SeU'y,  February  :5,  1777. 
John  .^rnistrou}^,  May  21,  1777. 
.luiMi  (Jook.May  22.  1777. 
William   Mlison.  Mav  22,  1777. 


0»1 


5;52 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


THIKTEENTII    1»KXNSVLV  A  N  1  A   1<E(HMKNT. 


'.i 


i      t 


Arran<i(  nil  nt  nt'f/if  7'/i//t>nit/i  liKjiwriit  nf  piniiNjilranin. 


Walt  IT  Stewart, 


Li'wis  I'aniuT, 


Jolm  IMtirray. 
rraiK'is  Murrav 


Cohmi  I- 


liii  nil  11(1  lit  <  'i)h>iit'.l. 


JInJ 


ors. 


('aptnins. 


Patrick  Aiulcfsoii,  April  l!S,   I7TT. 
JaiiK's  Marsiiail.  Ajtril  is,  17T1. 
John  Nice,  April  ly,  ]77T. 
iAfattlu'w  Sc(Ht,  iVpril  IS.  1777. 
JaiiU'S  I'raijcis  Moore,  April  1^,  1' 
lohn  Spear,  April  IS,  1777. 
John  dlark,  April  IS,  1777. 
Kol>ert  Ciray,  Apr,il  is,  1777. 
John  Kohl),  April  IS,  1777. 
John  < 'arnajjan,  April  IS.  1777. 


Fhst  /.iciitouints 


»'.f. 


*•■♦ 


1/  >; 


Joseph  Fhiley,  April  IS,  1777. 
Jacoi)  ;\hice,  April  IS,  1777. 
Thomas  Hoyd,  April  IS,  1777. 
Joseph  Hrownlee,  April  18,  1T77. 
William  Moore,  April  IS,  1777. 
(it'orjje  HolTiier,  April  IS,  1777. 
Jacob  Schneider,  April  IS,  1777. 
(ieor^e  (reifjcer,  Ai)i'il  is,  17^7. 
Thomas  Johnston,  April  IS,  1777. 
James  Wiley,  April  IS,  1777. 


Srciind  Lieutenants 


Jiimes  Mc]\Iichael,  April  IS,  1777. 
John  (rref^^,  April  IS,  1777, 
Samuel  Kenny,  April  is.  1777. 
Ambrose  (>rane,  April  is.  1777. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE, 


088 


Willi-iiii  Hiinis,  April  IH,  ]777. 
Wiliiiiiii  Mc(.:nik»'n,  April  is,  i  rTT. 
.lolm  Vanpt'lt,  April  18,  1T7T. 
JuiiK'S  Sutler,  April   [H,   1777. 


/•,'»|.s/V/HA'. 

PetiT  Poylf,  April  1^,  i777. 
Rolx'rt  i.Tn';,^t;,  April  is,  1777. 
•JiUiifS  lifckaiii,  April  IS,  1777. 
.lolm  I'lirk."^,  Ai)ril  is,  i777. 
.laiut'S  l)ii)4aii,   April   18,   1777. 
.htscpli  Cullicr,  April  IS,  1777. 
.John  V'^iinwiiicUlt',  April  IH,  1777. 
I'atrick  FiilU-rtou,  April  IS,  1777. 
■I<is(']»h  (roriiiaii,  Ai)ril  IS,  1777. 
Abram  IJaamptr,  April  is,  1777. 


i.\  ?  r 


J'ENNSYLVANIA   RE(UMENT  OF  ARTILLERY. 


Arr(iit(/f;intut  n/  l/n-  tuliccrs  nf  tlxi  Iit(/iment  of  ArtJllei-i/. 


Cnlonnl. 
Tliomas  Proctoi,  K»'l)niary  (!,  1777. 

LientfiKinf  f'olond. 
.loliii  Martin  Str<)hl)o^h,  March  :5,  1777. 

Thomas  Forrt'st,  Marc^li  o.  1777. 


('ii/)tahifi. 

Isaac  C'raiH;i  March   14,  1777. 
Amos  Wilkinson,  March  If,  1777. 
Joseph  Rice,  iMarch  H,  1777. 
Francis  Proctor,  March  14,  1777. 
I^urthoiomew  Van  Heer,  iMarch  14,    177" 
Frallci^  Proctt)r,  Jimior,  ,Iulv  I*'-,  1777. 


I  >■ 


534 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Captmu  Lieutenanta. 

Charles  Turnbull,  Marcli  14,  1777. 
Patrick  Duffy,  March  14,  1777. 
WiUiam  Ferguson,  March  14,  1777. 
John  Hrewer,  March  14,  1777. 
John  Hrice,  March  14,  1777. 
rfeorge  Cotman,  March  14,  1777. 
Robert  Coultnian,  March  14,  1777. 


i--!-'. 


(T  ■; 


•  Y  » 


First  Lieutenants. 

NVorsh^y  Ernes,  October  5,  1770. 
]>aurence  Allinan,  April  1,  1777. 
Thomas  Douglass,  April  1,  1777. 
William  Hitter,  April  1,  1777. 
William  Martin,  April  1,  1777. 
James  Wells,  April  20,  1777. 
John  Lintlerberger,  April  20,  1777. 

Second  Lieutenants. 

Jonathan  F.    Morris,  March  14,  1777. 
James  Ijloyd,  March  14,  1777. 
Christopher  Paschka,  March  14,  1777. 
Joseph  Barker,  March  14,  1777. 
Robert  McConnell,  March  14,  1777. 
James  Smitli,  March  14,  1777. 
Ebeuezer  Blackson,  March  14.  1777. 

Tliiril  J/fentenatits- 

Jesse  Crosby,  April  1,  1777. 
William  Ne\vl)ound,  April  1,  1777. 
John  Stridker,  April  1,  1777. 
John  Craig,  April  1,  1777. 
Archibald  Lyons,  April  1,  1777. 
John  Shute,  April  1,  1777. 
Jeremiah  Fox,  April  1,  1777. 
James  Morris,  April  1,  1777. 

(Endorsed]  List  of  Pennsylvania  UtFicers  as  appointed  by  the 
Council  of  Safety  pursuant  to  the  Resolution  of  Congress, 
dated  September  10,  1770. 


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THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


535 


AKIIANGEMENT  IN  1778. 


FIRST  RF^filMENT,  J^KNNSYLVANIA  LINE 


Colonel. 
James  Chambers,  Septeinl)er '2^^,  1770. 

Lleateiiaut  Colonel 
Thomas  Rubiusou,  June  7,  1777. 

Majoi: 
.rallies  Mooiv,  September  20,  1777. 

Captains. 

James  Parr,  March  0,  177(5. 
James  Hamilton,  March  10,   1770. 
Samuel  Craig,  October  1,  1770. 
Michael  Simp.son,  December  1,  1776. 
James  Wilson,  January  10,  1777. 
William  Wilson,  October  2,  1777. 

Captdhi  Lieutetwnt. 
Thomas  Buchanan,  rank  as  captain  ;  October  1,  1777. 

Lieutenants. 

John  Daugherty,  Octol)er  1,  177(). 
David  Ziegler,  January  10,  1777. 
Abraham  Skinner,  May  13,  1777. 
Benjamin  Lyon,  July  C,  1777. 
John  McClellan,  September  11,  1777. 
Aaron  Norcross,  September  14,  1777. 
Thomas  Boyd  January  14.  1777. 
John  Hughes,  March  28,  1777. 

Ensipns. 

James  McFarland,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant;  May  13,  1777. 
William  McDowell,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant;  July  C,  1777. 


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THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Edward  Crawford,  ranks  as  8econ<l  lieutenant ;  September  11, 

1777. 
David  Hammond,  ranks  as  second  lioutenunt ;  September   U, 

1777. 
Andrew  Johnston,  quartermaster;  ranks  as  second  lieutenant  ; 

March  24,  1778. 
Joseph  Collier,  April  18,  1777. 

Samuel  Beard,  June  3,  1778.  • 

Benjamin  Chambers,  June  2,  1778. 


SECOND  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


'i 


Colonel. 
Walter  Stewart,  June  17,  17T7. 

Lieutenant  Colons. 
Henry  Miller,  March  1,  1777. 

Major. 
John  Murry,  February  5,  1777. 

Cajdains. 

John  Marshall,  rank  disputed;  .luly  13,  1776. 
George  Tudor,  rank  disputed;  July  13,  1776. 
Jacob  Ashmead,  September  fi,  1770;  (iate  not  settled. 
John  Bankson,  Septembers."),  1776;  dale  not  settled. 
John  Patterson,  January  1,  1777;  date  not  eettleil. 
Samuel  Tolbert,  date  not  settled. 

Captain  Lienteiiant. 
Peter  Gosner,  ranks  as  captain  ;  .lanuary  1,  1778. 

Lieutenants. 
.John  Cobea,  January  1,  17T7. 
•John  Irvine,  Jaiiiuiry  1,  1777. 
John  Stoy,  January  1,  1777. 
Jacob"  Snyder,  January  1,  1777. 
Henry  Piercy,  March  13,  1777. 
James  Morris  Jones,  March  13,  1777.* 
Williom  Moore,  April  1H.  I7T7. 
James  Whitehead,  June  ?,  1777.    •    • 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Secoyid  Lieutenants. 

Philip  Waggoner,  March  12,  1777. 

John  Gregg,  from  Tliirteenth  regiment;  April  18,  1777. 

James  Bickhain,  April  18,  1777. 

Thomas  Norton,  quartermaster;  April  24,  1777. 

John  Strieker,  October  1,  1777. 

Henry  Purcnll,  October  4,  1777. 

John  Park,  August  1,  1777. 

Patrick  Fullerton,  April  13,  1777. 

Jacob  Mausier  Dellart,  June  2,  1778. 


037 


Benjamin  Parry. 
Robert  Harris. 


Surgeon. 
Surgeon's  Mate. 


THIRD  PBNNSYLVANIA  REOIAIENT. 

Colftuel. 
Thomas  Craig,  August  1,  1777. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
William  Williams,  June  5,  1777. 

J/rtjor. 
Uavid  Lenox,  June  8,  1777. 

Captains. 

Thomas  Lloyd  Moore,  May  21,  !77(} 
Jf  mes  Christie,  August  0,  1776. 
Ttionms  Butler,  October  4,  1770. 
John  Reilv,  May  20,  1777 
Isaac  Bu(hl  Dunn,  June  1,  1777. 
William  Ciaig,  July  4,  1777. 

Captain  Lieutenant. 
John  Henderson,  October  1,  1770. 

Lieutenants. 

James  Blnck,  October  :],  1770. 
George  McCulloch,  October  4,  1770. 
James  Armstrong,  ()ctobt'r4,  1770. 


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538 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Ill 


! 


John  Marshall,  January  10,  1777. 
Daniel  St.  Claire,  April  1,  1777. 
Robert  King,  May  20,  1777. 
.lohn  Boyd,  iMay  20,  1777. 
Persival  Butler,  September  1,  1777. 

Ensifjns. 

Blackwell  William   Ball,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant ;  October 

1,  1777. 
Andrew  Engle,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant;  Jaiiuary  11,  1777. 
•lohn   Armstrontj,  ra)iks  as  seconil  lieutenant ;  Septeuiber  11, 

1777. 
.Tohn  \Vigdon,  i)aymaster;  June  2,  1778. 
l>eter  Smith,  qiiartern»aster ;  .June  2,  1778. 
Richard 'Fullerton,  June  8,  177H. 
Thomas  Hewlings. 

Suryeon. 
James  Tate. 


FOURTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 

Colo  It  el. 
Lambert  Cadwaliider,  September  7,  1770.  , 

Lieutennnt  Colonel. 
William  Butler,  Septendjer  IJC,  1770. 

Major. 
Thoma.s  Church,  March  1,  1777, 

Ca/)t(iins. 

Evan  Edwards,  March  23,  1770. 
Edward  Scull,  JanuMry  3,  1777. 
William  (Jray,  January  3,  1777. 
Benjamin  Pishbourn,  .tanunry  H,  1777. 
John  McOowen,  Janunry  3,  1777. 
Benjamin  Bird,  January  3,  1777. 

Co/Unfu  Lif-utenant. 
William  Henderson,  Janunry  a,  1777.  ' 


THE  PEN>'SYLVANIA  LINE. 


Lieutenants. 


539 


John  Dover,  Jnminry  3,  1777.  . 

Dnviil  Brown,  .lanuary  3,  1777. 

William  Hprout,  January  3,  1777. 

Eilwnnl  F.  Randolpli,  January  3,  1777. 

TlK)nin,s  Cauij)l)ell,  January  3,  1777. 

(teorge  Hiewer,  January  3,  1777. 

Aronrias  Bnatty,  Juut^  2,  1778. 

I^eter  Suniniers.  (|uarternia.<ter:  .Turf  2,  1778. 

Ensigns. 

Jacob  Warren,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant;  Novemlier  n,  177G. 

George  Hoss.  adjutant  ;  June  2,  177*^. 

Giles  Hevans.  June  2,  177H. 

Math    w  Portan,  to  be  an  ensign  from  June  2,  1778. 


FIFTH   PENNSYLVANIA  RI^GIMENT. 

Cohmel. 
Francis  Johnston.  September  27,  1770 

Lietitf'iirnif  Cohmel. 
Persifer  Frazer,  Oetobci'  1.  17r(i. 

3IaJn/: 
Christopher  Steuart,  Febriuiry  2H,  1777, 

('aiitaiu.-<. 

Benjamin  Bartholomew.  October  2,  177(5. 
John  Christie,  October  23.  177tl. 
Samuel  Smith,   ^farch  1,  1777. 
William  Oldham.   March  24.  1777. 
Isaac  Seelv.  Rent«"'ml)er  2(t.  1777. 
Thiunas  iioud,  Septend)er  23.  1777. 

Captain  Lieutenant. 
Michael  Ryan,  captain's  rank  :  .lanuary  23,  1778. 

Lii  lilt  Hants. 
Job  Vernon.  Januai  y  1,  1777. 
Joiin  Barkley.  Januaiy  1.  1777. 


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540 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Levi  Griffltli,  Jamiai'y  1,  1777. 
Alexander  Mnrtiii.  January  1,  1777. 
John  Harper,  January  1,  1777. 
George  North,  January  1,  1777. 
James  Forbes,  January  1,  1777. 
Jainehi  Mo(Jullocli,  January  1,  1777. 

Ensigns. 

Andrew  Lyttle,  December  ;10,  1770. 

David  Marshall,  Deeemlier  m,  1776. 

John  Keckham,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant;  June  2,  1778. 

Henry  Nankley,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant ;  June  2,  1778. 


Surgeon. 


James  Davidson. 


I'll 


Ml 


ill 


SIXTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 

<  Jo  I  one/. 
Robert  McGaw,  January  3,  1776. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Josiah  Harmar,  June  (5,  1777. 

Major. 
Jeremiah  Tolbert.  September  25,  1777. 

Captains. 


John  Nice,  June  VI  177(5. 
John  Doyle,  July  10.  1770. 
Walter  Finney,  August  10,  1770. 
Jacob  Humphreys,  February  15,  1777. 
.Jacob  Hower,  February  l."»,  1777.  , 

Robert  Wilkins,  February  28,   1777. 

Captain  Ijieutennnt. 
Thomas  Bull,  captain's  rank;  August  1,  1777. 

Lientenants. 

William  McElhaton,  October  17,  1770. 
Richard  (Jollier,  FeV)ruary  10,  1777. 


i»<A. 


THE  PENNSYLVxVNIA  LINE. 


Ml 


Isaac  Vanliorn,  February  17,  1777. 
Juiness  Gibbins,  February  18,  1777. 
James  (xlen worth,  February  17,  1777. 
Benjamin  Lodge,  October  11,  1777. 
Garret  SteiUlifor.l,  October  12,  1777. 
Stewart  Herbert,  January  i»,  1777. 

Etinigns. 

Thomas  Moore,  second  lieuteNant ;  January  1,  1777. 
Furqueher  McPherson,  second  iieuteiumt  ;  Feljruary  13,  1777. 
Pliilip  (Til)l)i»iis.  second  lieutenant  ;  October  17,  1777. 
Edward  SpetM",  second  lieutfiiant ;  February  7,  1778. 
Jolm  Markland,  Au^just  20,  1777. 
Charles  McKinet,  October  23,  1777. 
Daniel  Kennedy,  invalitl  ;  June  2,  1778. 
Thomas  Dun^^an,  June  2,  177H. 
James  Allen,  June  2,  1778. 

John  McDowell. 


SEVENTH  PENNSYLVANIA   REGIMENT. 


Colonel. 
William  Irvine,  January  *.»,  1770. 

Lieittenant  Colonel. 
Samuel  Hay,  February  2,  1778. 

Major. 
Francis  Mentzges,  October  3,  1770. 

Captains. 

William  Alexaiuler,  June  1,  1770. 
William  Mratton,  .lanuary  12.  1777. 
.John  Alexander,  March  20,  1777. 
Alexander  Parker,  Marcii  20.  1777. 
Sauuud  Montgojnery,  March  20.  1777. 
Andrew  Irvine,  September  2."»,  1777. 

Captain  Lieutenant 
William  .filler,  captain's  rank  :  Febnwiry  22,  1778- 


••i  :;i 


■^■:":|^ 


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S4d 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE 


u 


I 


Lieuttiiants. 

William  Lnsk,  March  20,  1777. 
Harnuel  KHiinedy,  Mart-h  ,'0,  1777^ 
.John  Bu.sh,  March  20,  1777. 
SHiimei  Hry.son,  March  20,  1777. 
Jame.s  MoMiehael,  June  20,  1777. 
Thomas  McKoy,  August  KJ,  1777. 
Robert  McPherson,  Se|)t»Maber  I,  1777. 
Alexauiler  Ru-ssel,  S»  pteiiiber  2.  1777. 

Eui  i(/n.s. 

.Joseph  Torrence,  ranks  as^e<•on(l  lieutenant  ;  January  20,  177.'. 

John  Blair,  rasiks  as  >econ(l  lieuvenant  ;  Jtinuaiy  20,  1777. 

James  Williamson,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant  ;  March  1'.),  1777. 

Robert  Peeble,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant  ;  April  27,  177J. 

James  Milli^an,  ranks  as  second  lieutenant  ;  September  1.  1777. 

John  McCullum,  rank.^  as  second  lieutenant;  September  2'), 
1777. 

.lohn  Huffhs,  cpiartennasler  ;  ranks  as  .second  lietuenant :  Sep- 
tember 2"),  1777. 

Thomas  Alexander,  l)ri^ade  (piartermaster ;  ranks  as  secontl 
lieutenant;  June  2.  177S. 


.John  Reese 
Berry. 


Surgeon, 
fin r (J eon's  Mate. 


EKiHTH  PENNSYLV^\NIA  REGIMENT. 


Colonel . 
Daniel  Hrodhead.  September  2!),  1770. 

Lieateiiant  Colonel, 
Stephen  Bayard,  September  2;J,  1777. 

Major. 
Frederick  Vernon,  June  7,  1777. 

Cnptainn. 
Samuel  Dawson,  froni  Eleventh  regiment. 
Van  Swearinyen,  August  !•.  177(5. 
John  Finley,  August  9,  1770. 


THE  PEN^^SYLVAxNIA  LINE. 


54a 


John  rinrk,  from  Thirteenth  regiment;  Ajnil  10,  1777. 
James  Franeis  Moore,  from  Tiiirteenth  re^jiment  ;  April  18,1777. 
Jamufi  Cuniugau,  from  Thirteeutli  regiment;  April  lb,  1777. 

Captani  Litutenant. 
Samuel  Brady,  July  17,  1770. 

Litutenants. 

Hasil  Prnther,  August  9,  177(5. 
John  Harding, 
(rabriel  Patterson. 

John  8totsl)ury,  from  Eleventh  regiment  ;  April  i»,  1777. 
Jose[)h  lirownlee,  from  Thirteeutli  rf-giment  ;  April  IM,  1777. 
William  Hcjueyman,  from  Heco-.d  reginieut;  January  l-'),  1777. 
i^enjamiu  Poyer,  from  (Second  regiment  ;  March  Vl.  1777. 
Nathaniel  Martin,  from  Eleventn  regiment  ;  Octoljer  SO,  1777. 

Ennigua. 

William  Amherson,  ranks  second  lieutenant  ;  August  U.  1777. 
Alexaiuler  (naham,  ranks  .second  lieutenant;  August  D,  1777. 
John  ('rawfonl,  adjutant ;  June 'J,  1778. 
ArchihaUl  Keed,  late  paynuister ;   J(Uie2,  I77b. 


Abel  Morgan. 


t))Hnjeon. 


NINTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


Volonel. 
Richard  Hutler,  June  7,  1777. 

Lieutenant  ColoneL 
Caleb  North,  October  23.  1777. 

Major. 
Francis  Nichols,  February  7,  1777. 

Captains. 

Joseph  McCMellan,  July  lo.  177(i. 
Thomas  H.  Howen.  September  2,  1770. 
John  Davis,  November  15,  1770. 


M 


]    ■"  '  -k  v.     h 

'  4       Br  V^  Xl 

■jl'»:t$:Mf'* 


M 


i 


544 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Ut'oi'tJ*'  (tiaiit.  Mnrcli  :{,  1777. 

John  P«'ars<>n,  inmi  KU'vciitli  lojfiiiH'iit ;  Hept«'!nl)«r  7,  1777. 

William  Mack«*y,  fnuii  KU'vciitli  rogiiiu'iit  ;  Dctoher  30,  1777. 

t'aittain  JjieHtnumt. 
William  Tiltoii,  ranks  as*  cai>ttiin  ;  Uctober  ai.  1'5'77. 

J  Jell  tenants, 

Autlrow  Fonvst,  .Inly  Hi.   177(». 
William  Whitman.  NovtMuixT  l."»,  1770. 
.Ii>hn  Wo»t(i.si«U*,  NovrmlM'i'  I.*),  177(5. 
Ht'nry  HicUtT,  .Ir. .  Nnv»Mnl»«'r  \'h  177U. 
William  Van  Li'tT,  Man-h  \i,  1777. 
.lucol)  VandtM-slici',  March  Ki,  1778. 
St«'V«Mi  Htt'v«Mis«>n,  ^larcli  10.  1778. 
Jolui  M«'Kt'iiny,  March  18,  1778. 

/'Jnni'ipis, 

William  Thompson,  adjutant:  Jnnc2,  1778. 

Kphruim  l)oMy;la.xs,  Juuf  ',>.  1778. 

Kilwarii  Hutlcr.  .lunc  '2.  ITT^. 

John  Tntc,  paymaster;  .lunc  0,  1778. 

(4eor>5e  Knox,  June  '2,  1778. 


William  McUaw. 


Blaok. 


Surgeon. 


8u)fjeoii's  Mate. 


TENTH  PEN^NSYLVANIA  RE(UMENT 


Colonel. 
Kicharil  Hampton,  October  1,  1770. 

Lieutenant  Colonel 
Adam  Huhley,  Octob»r  4,  1770. 

Major. 
Jame.s  Cirier,  October  'i'-\,  1777. 


THE  PKNNWVLVAMA  l.INE. 

(Jdlitnins. 

0»>(>r(ft>  Calhoon,  NovimmImt  1,   1770. 
.laiiio>  1juii){,   l)»'c«Miil*«'r  1.  1770. 
lii)l)urt  fcjt'uipio,  I )e<!«Mii !»»'!•  4,  1770. 
Jatioli  SVraver,  January  i:!.   177^ 
llaniiaii  Htuut,  March  1*2,  1777. 
Jacub  btuke,  Novemlx  r  Vi,  1777. 

(Japtniii  /Ji'Uhunul. 
Adam  Uittint;,  captain's  rank;  Au^;^^<t  10,  1777. 

Lit  iititKUit.s. 

John  St»M'I,  l)«'C(Mnh»M'  4,  1770. 
KIhmuv/.ht  Ciiivon  April   1«,  1777. 
Ut>l>ert  I'atton.  OctohiT  17,  1777. 
(iilHs  Hicks.  October  30,  1777. 
William  Feitnnm,  NovtMiiltcr  2,  1777. 
Peter  1>rnnnii«>n«l,  Nf)venil)er  *,*2,  1777. 
EnoH  Reeves,  March  'M,   177H. 
William  McMurray,  .Jnn.'-.i,  1778. 

Ensif/ns. 

JoHei)h  Hanks,  Septembr-r  2-1,  1777. 

James  Mclican,  Jiine  2,  177H. 

Nicholas  Wiiite,  Jnne  2.  1778. 

Robert  Rice,  June  2,  177H. 

Ale.xantler  Henstead,  puymaster;  June  3,  1778. 

Francis  White,  June  2,1778. 

J«)hn  Haml)rit;ht,  June  2.  1778. 

John  McC.'oniiick,  June  2,  1778. 


ISuiytun 


Francis  O'Neal. 


041 


LIST  OF   UNPUOVIDEl)  OFFICERS. 


First  Lieutenants. 

Daniel  Topham,  late  Miles,  will  go  to  join  Nicliola's  In.  T. ; 

April  «,  1770. 
John  (frier,  Seventh  refjiinent  ;  Jnnuarv  9,  1770. 
35 -Vol.  XV. 


':.Tf.!"4JP' 


i- -l*^ ' ; 


,M^. 


4 

'I 


• 


i 


-  D 


i 


616 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


William  Davidson,  Fourth  regiment;  January  5,  1776. 
John  Morgan.  Fifth  regiment ;  January  5,  1776. 
William  Felton,  Thirteenth  regiment ;  July  13,  177G. 

Captaina. 

Thomas  Byles,  late  of  Shea'f,  to  have  a  brevett  coin  mission 

lor  inajor,  dated  the  ninth  day  of  June,  1777. 
William  McKissick,  in  the  Eleventh  regiment;  November,  1776. 
I  Endorsed]  Rank,  Regiment  and  Otticers  in  the  Pennsylva- 
nia Line,  September  2,  177^- 


LIST  OF  INDEPENDENT  COMPANIES, 

Raised  in  the  State  of  Pennsylvania. 

Captain  Steele. 

Captain  Irvine. 

Captain  Kearsley. 

Captain  James  Calderwood. 

Captain  Wilkins. 

Captain  Burk. 

Captain  Hunter. 

All  Raised  in  Cumberland  county— the  Captains  all  Resigned 
excei)t  one  and  one  that  was  Killed  at  Brandywine. 
Kratas  vide  Third  regiment. 
Eratas  vide  First  regiment. 
Eratas  vide  Sixth  regiment. 
Kratas  vide  Fourth  regiment. 

The  Pennsylvania  State  Troops  were  called  into  the  Conti- 
nental Service  the  13th  day  of  June,  1776. 
Major promoted  to  Colonel  July  17,  1776. 


^iwii 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


S47 


ArtllAXGEMENT  IN  178<J. 


FIRST    PENNSYLVANIA  HE(tIMENT. 


James  Chambers,  September  28,  ITTi'. 

Lieutenant  C'o/uuel. 
Thomas  R(>l)iuson,  June  7,  ITTT. 

M((i')i. 
James  Mtxn'e,  September  20,  1777. 

Captains. 

James  Hamilton,  March  10,  177(^. 
WilUaiii  McKissaiek,  Septemljer  oO,  1770. 
Samuel  Craijj,  October  1,  l77(i. 
^lieliael  Simpson,  Deceml)er  1,  1770. 
, lames  Wilson,  January  10,  1777. 
Williaui  Wilson,  January  2,  1777. 

Captain  Lieutenant. 
Thomas  Buclianan,  October  1,  1777. 

Captains. 

John  Donjjherty,  October  1.  1770. 
David  Zief^ler,  January  10,   1777. 
.\l)raham  Skinner,  March  13,  1777. 
Benjamin  Lyon. 

.lohn  McClelen.  September  11,  1777. 
Aaron  Narcross,  September  14,  1777. 
Thomas  Hoyil,  January  14,  1778. 
John  Hughes,  March  20,  1778. 

Ensifjns. 

.lohn  McParinntl,  rank  as  second  lieutenant  ;  May  13,  1777. 
William  ^fcDowell,  rank  as  second  lieutenant;  July  0,  1777. 
Edward  < 'rawfor.l.  rank  as  second  lieutenant;  September  11, 
1777. 


.  *-!i 


548 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


David  Hammond,  rank  as  second  lieutenant;  September   14, 

1777. 
Andrew  Johnston,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  March  24,  1778. 
Joseph  Collins,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  April  18.  177U. 
Samuel  Beard,  June  2,  1778. 
Benjamin  Chambers,  June  2,  1778. 


I 


SECOND  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 

Colonel. 
Walter  Stewart,  June  17,  1777. 

Lieutenant  Colone* 

Henry  Miller,  March  1,  1777. 

.'■' '■■■'''.     /^'  *  .  ■■ ' 

3fajur. 

John  Murray  ,  Feljruary  . 5,  1777. 

Captaintt.  ; 

John  Marshall,  June  13,  1776. 
George  Tudor,  June  13,  177(>. 
Jacob  .\hhmead,  September  G,  1776. 
John  Bankson,  December  24,  1776. 
John  Patterson,  January  1,  1777.  ,    . 

Samuel  Tolbert.  t    ' 

Captain  Lieutenant.  ,    . 

Peter  Gosner,  January  1,  1778. 

Lieutenants. 
.John  Cobea,  January  1,  1777. 
John  Irvine,  January  1,  1777. 
John  Stoy,  January  1,  1777. 
Jacob  Snider,  January  1,  1777. 
Heni-y  Piercy. 
Jaines  Morris  Jones, 
William  More,  April  18,  1777. 
James  Whitehead,  June  2,  1778. 

Ensif/ns. 

Philip  Wagoner,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  March  12,  1777. 
John  Gregg,  rank  as  second  lieutenant;  April  18,  1777. 
Janjes  Bickliam,  raidt  as  secontl  lieutenant ;  April  18,  1777. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


540 


Thomas  Norton,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  April  24,  1777. 
John  Park,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  August  1,  1777. 
John  Strucker,  rank  as  second  lieutenant:  October  1,  1777. 
Henery  Percival,  rank  as  seconil  lieutenant;  October  4,  1777. 
Patrick  Fullerton,  April  13,  1777. 
Jacobus  M.  Dehart,  June  2,  1778. 


Thomas  Norton. 

Benjamin  Parry. 
Robert  Harris. 


Quarteima.ster, 

Surgeon. 
Surgeon's  Mate. 


THIRD  PENNSYLV^VNIA  REGIMENT. 


Colonel. 
Thomas  Craifji  August  1,  1777. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
William  Williams,  June  5,  1777. 

Major. 
Thomas  L.  Byles,  June  8,  1777. 

Captains. 

Thomas  L.  More,  May  21,  1776. 
James  t'hristie,  August  U,  1770. 
Thonuis  Butler,  October  4,  1770. 
John  Reiiy,  May  20,  1777. 
Isaac  Bu(l  Dunn,  June  1,  1777. 
William  Craig,  July  4,  1777. 

Captain  Lieutenant. 
John  Henderson,  Octoljer  1,  1770. 

Ijieittenants. 

James  Black,  October  3,  IT^f. 
(Teorge  McCuUock,  October  4,  1770. 
James  Armstrong,  Octob'T  4,  1770. 
John  Marshall,  January  4,  1777. 


.U-'  f  ijM 


550 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


Daniel  St.  Clair,  Aoril  1,  1777. 
Robert  King,  May  20,  1777. 
John  Boyd,  May  20,  1777. 
Percival  Butler,  September  1,  1777. 

Ens'if/n.s. 

Blackwell  W.  Ball,  rank  as  second  lieutenant;  October  17,  177r>. 
Andrew  Engle,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  January  11,  1777. 
John  Armstrong,  rank    as    second    lieutenant;  September    11, 

17V7. 
John  Witjdon,  June  2,  1778. 
Peter  Smith,  June  2,  1778. 
Richard  Fullerton,  June  2,  1778. 
Thomas  Hewlings,  June  2,  1778. 

Paymaster. 
Joini  Wigdon.  '.  . 

Quartermaster, 
Peter  Smitli. 

tSiirf/ei)n.  I 

Tliomas  Tate. 


FOURTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


lAeuteuant  Colonel  Comtuandaut. 
William  Butler,  September  ao,  1770,  , 

Majnr. 
Thomas  Oliurch,  Marcli  1,  1777. 

('aptains, 

Evan  Edwards,  March  23,  177t). 
Edward  Scull,  January  3,  1777. 
William  Gray,  January  3,  1777. 
Benjamin  Pishbourn,  January  3,  1777. 
John  McGowen,  January  3,  1777 
Benjamin  liird,  January  3,  1777. 

Captain  Lhtitevnnt 
Wi"' im  Henderson,  January  3,  1777. 

Lieuti'iumts. 
Alexander  Ramsay. 

Daniel  Brown,  Januarv  3,  1777. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

William  Sprout,  Jnnutiry  3,  1777. 
Edwanl  F.  Ramlolph,  January  3,  1777. 
Thomas  Campbell,  January  3,  1777. 
George  Blewer,  January  3,  1777. 
Arcurias  Heatty,  June  2,  177y. 
Peter  Summers,  June  2,  1778. 

Ensipns. 
Jacob  Weaver,  November  l6,  1770. 
George  Boss,  June  2,  1778. 
Wilder  Bevans,  June  2,  177H. 


051 


AfJjntnnt. 


George  Boss. 


FIFTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 

ColoueL 
Francis  Johnston,  September  27.  1770. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Francis  Nichols,  October,  1778. 

Major. 
Christopher  Stewart,  February  28,  1777. 

Captains. 
Benjamin  Bartholomew,  October  2,  1776. 
John  Christie,  October  23,  177G. 
Samuel  Smith,  March  1,  1777. 
William  Oldham,  March  24,  1777. 
Isaac  Seely,  September  20.  1777. 
Thomas  Boude,  September  23,  1777. 

Captain  Lieutenant. 
Michael  Ryon,  January  23,  1778. 

Liefitenauts. 

Job  Vernon,  January  1,  1777. 
John  Barkley,  January  1.  1777. 
Levi  Griffith.  January  1,  1777. 
Alexander  Martin,  Janunry  1.  1777. 
John  Harper,  January  1.  1777. 


m... 


k 


I 


tm 


THE  PENNSYLVAiNIA  LmE. 


1. 


I 


U 


George  North,  January  1,  1777. 
James  Forbes,  January  1,  1777. 
James  McCulloch,  January  1,  1777. 

Entiif/nii. 

Andrew  Lytle,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  December  30,  1776, 
David  Marsliall,  January  4,  1777. 
James  Biclvham. 
Henry  Hocliley. 

I^urgeon. 
James  Davidson. 


SIXTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


Colonel. 
Robert  McGaw.  Januory  3,  1777. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Josiali  Harnmr,  June  0,  1777. 

Major. 
Jeremiah  Tolbert,  September  25,  17^7. 

Captaintt. 
John  Nice.  June  13,  1776. 
Walter  Finney,  July  1.'{.  1770 
John  Doyle,  July  10,  1770. 
Jacob  Humphreys,  February  15,  1777. 
Jacob  Bower,  Fel.M'uary  15,  1777. 
Robert  Wilkins,  February  28,  1777. 

Captain  Lieutenant. 
Thomas  Bull,  August  1,  1777. 

.      Lieutenants. 
William  McElhaton,  October  17,  1770. 
Richard  Collier,  February  10.  1777. 
Isaac  V^aidiorn,  February  17,  1777. 
James  Gibbons,  February  18,  1777. 
Jomes  (flentw«)rth.  June  17.  1777. 
Benjamin  liodge,  October  11.  1777. 
Garret  Stedeford,  October  12.  1777. 
Stewart  Herbert,  Januarv  {».  1778. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


558 


Ensigns: 

Thomas  Doyle,  rank  as  secoiul  lieutenant;  January  1.  1777. 
Fiirtjethiir  McPherson,  rank  as  8euon«l  lieutenant ;  February 

15,  1777. 
Philip  Ciibbons,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  October  17,  1777. 
Edward  Speer,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  February  7,  1778. 
.John  Maekland,  August  20,  1777. 
Charles  Mackinit,  October  ii3,  1777. 
Tlionjas  Duncan,  .June  3,  1778. 
James  McAUen,  June  2,  1778. 


John  McDowell. 


Surgeon. 


SEVENTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


Colonel. 
William  Irvine,  January  9,  1770. 

Lieutenant  Colonel, 
Samuel  Hay,  February  2,  1778. 

Major. 
Francis  Mentzges,  (October  3,  1776. 

Caf)tahis. 
Willian»  Alexander,  June  1,  1770. 
William  Bratton,  January  12,  1777. 
John  .Vlexander,  Marcii  20,  1777. 
.Mexander  Parker,  March  20,  1777. 
Samuel  Montgomery,  March  20.  1777. 
Andrew  Irvine,  September  25,  1777. 

Captain  lAeutenant. 
William  Miller,  February  2,  1778. 

J.ieiitetiant.s'. 

William  Lusk,  March  20,  1777. 
Samuel  Keiniedy,  March  20,  1777. 
John  liush,  March  20,  1777. 
Samuel  Hryson,  March  20,  1777. 
James  McMichael,  June  20,  1777. 


if-  Ji?§! 

■  ■"  *..-^-^  ii 


If 


*i 


084 


THK  pp:nnsylvania  line. 


Tlioiiius  McKoy,  August  13,  1T7T. 
liolxTt  McPliersou.  ISepteiuber  I,  1777. 
Alexander  Kussell,  Septeiiiljur  2."),   1777. 

E)isif/iis. 
Jcseph  Torrence,  rank  as  Kectnid  lieutenant ;  January  20,  1777. 
John  Blair,  rani\  as  second  iieutiUant  ;  January  20,  1777. 
James  Williamson,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  March  lU  1777. 
Robert  Peeble,  rank  as  second  lieutenant;  April  24,  1777. 
James  Milligaii,  rank  as  second  lieutenant  :  September  1,  1777. 
John   McCallum,  rank  as   secomi    lieutenant ;  September   2"), 

1777. 
John  Huglies,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  SepteinV)er  25,  1777. 


John  Hose. 
Berry. 


Stiryeou. 
Mate. 


EIGHTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 

Cohmel. 
Daniel  Broadhead,  September    0,  177(5. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 

I 

Stephen  Bayard,  September  23,  1777.  I 

Major. 
Frederick  Vernon,  June  7,  1777. 

Captains. 

Samuel  Dawson,  July  10,  1776. 
Van  Swearingen,  August  11>,  177(5. 
James  Francis  More.  April  10,  1777. 
John  (-larke,  April  IS,  1777. 
Jaujes  (^arnagan,  April  18.  1777. 
.Joseph  Finley. 

Captain  Lieutenant. 
Samuel  Brady,"  July  17,  1770. 

Lieutenants. 
Basil  Pratlier,  August  9.  177(5. 
John  Harding,  July  13,  1770. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE.  555 

Gabriel  Patterson,  April  9.  1770. 

John  Stotf<bury,  April  U,  1777. 

John  Crawfoni,  April  1«,  1777. 

William  Hoiieyiuan.  January  15,  1777.  • 

J^enjaniin  Neiiy,  October  4,  1777;  March  12,  1777. 

Nathaniel  Mart  in,  October  80,  1777. 

Eusif/us. 

William  Amber.son,  rank  as  second  lieutenant  ;  August  9,  1777. 
Alexander  (Traliam,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;  xVugust  0,  1777. 
James  Reed,  June  2,  1778. 


Archibald  Reed. 

John  Crawford. 
Abel  Morgan. 


Pai/manter. 
Arljutnnt 
Stir  y  eon. 


NINTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT 


Colonel. 
Richard  Butler,  June  7,  1777. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Caleb  North,  October  2:3,  1777. 

Major. 
James  Parr,  October  23,  177a 

Captains. 

.l(^seph  McClellan,  July  \n,  1770. 
Thonuis  B.  Bt>\ven,  September  2,  1776. 
John  Davis,  November  15,  1770. 
George  Grant,  Mardi  3,  1777. 
John  Pearson,  September  7,  1777. 
William  Mackey,  October  30.  1777. 

Cajitain  Lieutenant. 
William  Tilton,  October  31,  1777. 

Lieutenants. 

William  Whitman,  NovembtM-  15,  1770. 
Andrew  Forest,  November  10,  1770. 


!(S  ift  V 


ml 


566 


THE  PKNNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


m 


a 


John  Woodniil*',  Novt'inhiM-  1(1,  1770. 
H«'ii»M\v  Bicker,  NovtMnlu'r  Ht,  1770. 
VVilliam  V'hu  Lt'cr,  MoitIj  ;J,  1777. 
JnAih  VaiiihTHlic,',   Maroli  10,  1778. 
StcpluMi  8t<'i>licns<)ii,  Mavcli  10,  1778. 
Joliu  McKt'iiiu'y,  March  18,  177.'^. 

William  ThompHon,  June  3,  1770.. 
E;»hrahn  I><m>;las<.'*,  June  2,  1770. 
E.!\vanl  Uutifr,  June  3,  1770. 
John  Tait,  June  2,  1770. 
OJeorgH  Knox,  June  3,  1770. 


John  Tail. 
William  Thonipison. 
William  McCiaw 
-  Black. 


Paf/mnster. 

Affjntant. 

Surt/eni). 

Snr!/(<in\s  Mate. 


TENTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 


('t)/()nt/. 
Richard  llunipton,  October  1,   1770. 

LieiiteiKint  Colonel. 
.\(lam  Hultley,  October  4,  1770. 

Major. 
JameH  Greir,  October  3.%  1777. 

Captains. 

Geort^e  Calhoon,  November  18,  1776. 
James  Lan^;,  December  4,  1770. 
Roi)ert  Simple,  Deceinl)er  4,  1770. 
Jacob  Weaver,  December  18,  1777. 
Harnmn  Stout,  March  13,  1777. 
Jacob  Stake,  November  12,  1777. 


THt  PENNHYLVANIA  LINE. 


507 


<'(ipt(( in  Jjie nta na iil. 


Atlam  U<*ttin^-,  August   10,  177T. 

Liiulfimiits, 
John  Sti't'lf,  l)<>cciiihfi'  4,  I77(». 
Ebi'iK'/.t'i"  ( 'urMoii,  April  is,  1777. 
KoluTl  I'liltoii,  (Jctober  17,  1777. 
(fiicM  Hirks,  0(;t()l»t'i-  :iO,  1777. 
Williiun  Fcltiniin,  Novi'IiiIht  2,  1777. 
Pt'ttT  DniiiiiiioiHl,  NovciiiImt  12,  1777. 
Eiios  li.'«'v.'s,  Marcli  31,  177H, 
Willimi.   M<!Miirni\,  Jiiih^  2,  177H. 


■  Ensigits. 

Joseph  Banks,  Hcptpniltrr  24,  1777. 
Junit's  McClcan,  Jnnt'2,  177H. 
Nicholas  WiiKi",  Jnn('2,  177H. 
RoluTt  Ilio«',  Jiint'  2,  I77H. 
Alexander  Hcnstcad,  Jnn<'  2,  177H. 
i-'rancis  Whitr,  June  2,  177H. 
Jolin  llanihriglit,  June  2,  I77H. 


Alexander  HeUHleud, 


Francis  O'Neal. 


J'ffi/iiiii.sfi'/: 


Siirf/fnn. 


■m 


ELEVENTH  PENNSYLVANIA  REGIMENT. 

Colonef. 
Thomas  Hartley,  Jantiary  1,  1777. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
^lortfan  Connor,  April  (i,  1777. 

Ma^jor. 
Joseph  Prowell,  January  1,  1778. 

f'aptahis. 

Benjamin  0.  Htoddert,  January  i;j.  1777, 
George  Bush. 


.mi 


y:  i>\ 


,  f  -  :•  .11 


i.ff. 


'  11 


'-  if 
■■}'' 


658 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 


M 


James  Forrester,  November  lU,  1777. 
Samuel  Keur^*ley,  February  28,  1778. 
Auilrew  Walker,  June  1,  1778. 
Joseph  Davis,  June  "),  1778. 

C(ij>tittu  Litulenaut. 
Aliraliam  Clayi»ole,  rank  and  pay  as  captain;  June  11,  1778. 

Lieutemmts. 

Isaac  Sweeney,  rank  and  pay  as  oai)tain  ;  July  '.JH,  1778. 

Henry  Carbury,  rank  and  pay  as  captain  ;  November  30,  177H. 

.Jeremiah  Jackson,  January  14,  1777. 

Septimus  Davis,  .)uly  7,  1777. 

Martin  Eichelber^jer,  September  19,  1777. 

Edwaril  Hurk,  October  4,  1777.  •  '. 

John  Mahon,  June  1,  1778. 

William  Lemon,  July  28,  1777. 

Ensiijnu. 

William  McCurdy,  rank  as  .second  lieutenant  :  May  10,  1777. 
Samuel  Morrison,  rank  as  sec<jnd  lieutenant;  I\Iay  11,  1777. 
Henjamin  Street,  rank  as  second  lieutenant  ;  May  11,  1777. 
James  Petti^^rew,  rank  as  second  lieutenant;  June  1,  1778. 
William  Houston,  ra:ik  as  seconil  lieutenant  ;  June  2,  1778. 
Roljert  Allison,  rank  as  second  lieutenant  ;  October  1,  1778. 
Jeremiah  Thornl)ury,  rank  as  second  lieutenant ;    October; 
1778. 


OFFICERS  ON  SUPERNUMERARY  LIST. 


FIRST  REGIMENT. 


To  he  Specially  Hecoinmtuded. 
Lieutenant  Thomas  Armor. 
Ensi^jn  Robert  Clifton. 


SECOND  REGIMENT. 

To  he  HpeciaUy  Rtcom mended. 


Ro^jer  Stvner. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Not  HtcomintndtU. 
Colonel  H.  Becker 
(Japtain  (Jhrisrophcr  Staddle. 
Captain  <'i«'i»i-^t>  Jfiikiiis. 
Charles  Darragli. 

THIRD  RKCilMKNT. 

To  be  SjieoidUy  Recommentled. 
Major  Jolin  Howling. 
('ai)tnin  Saiiiiit'l  Moore. 


m!» 


FOURTH    REGIMENT. 


To  be  Speriailj/  liecoinmended. 
LiHiiteiiaiit  William  Davidson. 


FIFTH   REfaMENT. 


To  be  Specfn/fy  Jiecommended. 
Captain  Joseph  Potts. 

Not  lieconihiendtd. 
Captain  Robert  riregfj. 
Ca[»tain  Charles  McHenry. 
Lieutenant  William  Sclioffel. 


SIXTH   REGIMENT. 

To  be  Speiualli/  Recommended. 
Captahi  .John  ]McCo\van. 
Lieutenant  .Vrchihald  Cami)bell 
Lieutenant  .lohn  Morj^an. 
Captain  Nathaniel  Vansant. 

Not  Recommtuded. 

(•aptain  James  Wau^^h. 
Ensif^n  Philip  Snyder. 
Ensiirn  William  Haxter. 
Ensifjn  Jolin  Foster. 


SEVENTH   RE(HMENT. 

2'o  be  HpeciaHij  Recommended. 

Captain  J.  A.  AVili=on. 

Lieutenant  ,Fohn  Eddie.  .    % 

Lieutenant  Jf)lni  Hotje. 


M 


>^i<il4 


'        T'.'A 


,,  I'' ;<?,'»■  ,^l 


060 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  LINE. 

Not  Rer.ommtnUtd, 


Captain  McClain. 
Cuptaiii  (irier, 
Lieutenant  McC'aWe. 
Lieutenant  McFerran. 


NINTH   REGIMENT. 


To  be  Sprinilly  Recommended. 
Lieutenant  Samuel  Davi.>^. 
Lieutenant  Murd.  Mury;an. 

Not  Recommended. 

Lieutenant  William  Brown. 
Captain  Matthew  Hen<ler!Son. 
Lieutenant  John  Heckham. 
Jiieutenant  Nicholas  Coleman. 
Lieutenant  Robert  McBride. 


TENTH   REGIMENT. 


To  he  Spec'iani/  Recommended. 

Captain  David  Schraiok. 
Lieutenant  Robert  Hooper,  Jr. 
Lieutenant  Jacob  Tolbert. 

Not  Recommended. 

Colonel  George  Nagle. 
Lieutenant  John  Cole. 
Lieutenant  William  Knox. 
Lieutenant  Adam  Keller. 


ELEVENTH  REGIMENT. 

To  he  Spe-ciaUi/  Recommended. 
Captain  L.  Keene,  sick. 

Not  Recommended. 

Captain  B.  Eichelberger. 
Captain  W.  Bi«ker. 
Lieutenant  Jacob  Weitzell. 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS 


ov 


ASSOCIATORS,  MILITIA 


AND 


FLYING  CAMP. 


1776-1783. 


56— Voi,.  XV. 


(661) 


•i 


1 


(562) 


CUMBEKLAND   COUNTY  MILITIA 


BATTALIONS    CALLED     (JUT     BY    AN    ORDER    PROM 
COUNCIL  DATED  JULY  YE  28,  1777. 


FIRST  BATTALION. 


Colonel. 
James  Dun  lap. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
William  Clark. 

Major. 
Samuel  Irwin. 


■'Vf?' 


William  Hamilton. 
Peter  Hockenbury. 
James  Mc-Mean. 
Robert  McMain. 
Samuel  Witherow. 
James  Fleak. 
Samuel  Quigly. 
John  McClean. 
Joseph  FerifUHon. 
Robert  Sharp. 


Captain. 
Thomas  Askey. 

FuKt  Lieutenant. 
Adam  Bratton. 

Second  Tiieutenant. 
Samuel  Walker. 

E}lSi()ll. 

John  .Fohnson. 

Privates. 

James  Harvey. 
John  Murray. 
John  Holn;es. 
John  Bell. 
John  McClelland. 
John  (Quigly. 
John  Hunter. 
James  Cavin. 
Andrew  MrT<ean. 
James  Hamilton. 
(o63) 


II 


I 

1                            564                       MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 

1 

1 

\                           James  IVIickey. 

Andrew  Walker. 

John  Torrence. 

James  Dunlap. 

' 

Samuel  Brackenridge 

John  Stall. 

Walter  Davis. 

William  Young. 

Adam  Hawthorn. 

Samuel  Hainiah. 

John  Fulloon. 

■'      '          John  Akeman. 

Jolin  Patterson. 

William  Legate. 

:                           Alex.  Richey. 

Davitl  Hannah. 

*                    ,        Josepli  McKibbin. 

Andrew  McOune. 

Gabriel  (iordun. 

•  - 

James  ColiveJl. 

Captain, 
Matthew  Gregg. 

First  Lieutenant. 
.lohh  Gordon. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
William  Stewart. 

Ensign. 
Jacob  Stiilor. 

Privates. 

Jacob  Jumper. 

Christ  Lanferry. 

Joiin  McNi'lly. 

John  Hall. 

John  Bowman. 

James  Smith. 

Rol)t^rt  Wntson. 

William  Gillespie. 

James  McClaren, 

John  Kerr. 

Lodowic  Jinger. 

Thomas  Woods. 

Hugh  Strain. 

William  Holmes. 

JaL'ob  Havwick. 

Thomas  Bricelin. 

John  Watters. 

Alexander  McGiyhen. 

Thomas  Dunbar. 

Samuel  Tate. 

James  Kinkead. 

John  (^arothers,  Jr. 

Moses  Blackl>urn. 

William  Rogers. 

John  l^If'Kee. 

John  Hart. 

Thomas  Kennedy. 

William  Piper. 

Thomas  I^Iusgrova. 

James  Matthews, 

Joseph  Davidson. 

William  Lemon. 

Matthew  (rlenn. 

Joseph  Gord. 

Thonuis  Ewiiig. 

Jame.'<  Irwin. 
Captain. 

John  McTeer. 

.   J    ■bid 


John  McMean. 
James  Young. 
John  Steer. 
James  Crockett,  Jr. 
Tliomas  Craiarhead. 
Jolm  Greer. 
Joiseph  McLeary. 
James  Humes. 
RaniUe  McAlistei*. 
Patrick  Flanegan. 
Thomas  Garven. 
Thomas  White. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 

..  ;  ;       First  Lieutenant. 
Joseph  Junkin. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
George  Dickey. 

Ensign. 
Samuel  Long. 

Privates. 

William  Waddle. 
Joiin  Caulins. 
Philip  Snider. 
Thomas  Guthrie. 
Samuel  Mc('allagh. 
Anthony  Book, 
Daniel  Bachos. 
Daniel  Henderson. 
John  Corithers. 
Samuel  Henderson. 
John  Woodard. 
John  Switchahn. 


66S 


William  Graham. 
Joseph  McCoy. 
Ezekiel  Bowan. 
John  Harris. 
Thomas  Jetferys. 
Charles  Berger. 
Philip  Strouse. 
.lames  Black. 
James  Willson. 
James  Reed. 


Capta  in. 
John  "Williams. 

First  Lieutenant 
Jacob  Fleming. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  Brown. 

Ensign. 
Henry  Gillespie. 

Priv<itfs. 

Neal  McCoy. 


Andrew  Morrow. 
Thomas  Diilen. 
Aloxandt-r  Glasford. 
Benjamin  <  'owan. 
.John  Boner. 
John   McNeal. 
Hugh  Hardy, 
James  Fenton. 
Jacob  liuck. 


I'H' 


\i\U 


5GG 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


John  Riddle. 
Jjimes  Forsythe, 
Samuel  Otter. 
Lsuac  Lewis. 
Micliael  Smith. 
Miitthias  Kipler. 
Jolin  Kipler. 
James  }*atten. 
Michael  McCoUuin 
John  McClure, 
William  Harris. 
Hugh  Shannou. 


John  Crampton. 
Henry  Martin. 
Andrew  Kidlinger. 
Silvauus  Mous. 
Gabriel  Fry. 
Jack  Kipler. 
Samuel  Tennis. 
John  Calver. 
Nathaniel  l>ickey. 
Jesse  Fry. 
Mat ♦^ hew  Ferguson. 


Alexantler  Brown. 
William  Willson. 
Robert  McCelley. 
John  IMorelan. 
John  Davis. 
Henry  McWillianis. 
David  Elder. 
Moses  Kirkpatrick. 
Samuel  McKitehen. 
Samuel  Holliday. 
Arthur  Nugent. 
Samuel  Wayborn. 
Thomas  Thompson. 
Ed  wart!  Bratten. 
James  Logan. 
.Tames  Orold. 
Williivm  Adams. 
Christ.  Martin. 
Abraham  Stanaford. 


Captain. 
Alexander  McCoy. 

First  Lieutenant. 
James  McClure. 

iStfjond  Lieutenant. 
Thomas  Moore. 

Ensign. 
Vf'illiam  McClelland. 

Privates 

James  Lyon. 
Moses  Moreland. 
John  Dunlai). 
Henry  Tailor. 
Edmond  Richardson. 
Thomas  Donnoley. 
William  Baird. 
Joseph  (traham. 
William  Ross. 
William  Jenkins. 
Roi)ert  Elliott. 
John  Fergue. 
Edward  Drake. 
Benjamin  Brown. 
James  McBritle. 
James  Alexander. 
John  Blakney. 
John  Mitchell.     . 


ASSOCIATORS  AJ^D  MILITIA. 


Robert  Wallace. 
Samuel  Mosgrove. 
Joseph  Glasses. 
Alexander  McCov. 
Andrew  Bigard. 
Samuel  Harding. 
Hugh  Gibson. 
John  McCalvey. 
John  Newell. 
Joseph  McKenny. 
Andrew  Ellison. 
James  Leonard. 
•James  Morrison. 
Thomas  Greer. 
James  Dunlap. 
James  McCoy. 
John  Kennedy. 
Thonuis  Watson. 
John  Stuart. 
William  Martin. 


Captain. 
George  Crpwforil. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Benjamin  McClure. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
David  Shields. 

Ensign. 
John  Dickey. 

Privates. 


John  Davis. 
Paul  Kerr. 
Jacob  Pitser. 
Airs  French. 
William  McCamon. 
AndreAV  Snider. 
Janies  Dickey. 
Samuel  Walker. 
Rcliert  Stockdon. 
Daniel  Early. 
Josh  Dail. 
Andrew  Sterrett. 
John  Smith. 
James  Hii stone. 
James  Erwin. 
John  McMuUin. 
Hugh  McKee. 
Patrick  ISox. 
Robert  Stephenson. 
William  Waddle. 


■ffl 


5^iM 


Captain. 
James  Fisher. 

Fir.st  J.if^ntenant. 
Daniel  Marshall. 

Secitnd  Lieutenant. 
John  Simerton. 

Ensign. 
Allen  JSeessbit. 


568 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


John  MontffdintTv. ' 
James  Kaxter. 
Francis  McGarvey. 
William  Robertson. 
Patricit  Cree. 
Hugli  Evnns 
Aiexnmler  Akins. 
(:ieorge  Brown. 
Ross  Mitcliell. 
James  Shields. 
Samuel  Hutchinson. 
James  Gaudy. 
Benjamin  Chambers. 
James  E«lmondstoue. 
James  Roddey. 
James  Menooh. 
Edward  Nicholson. 


Pricates. 

Thomas  Mclntire. 
William  Ferguson, 
John  Black. 
Matthias  Svveezy. 
Robert  Boggs. 
Thomas  Williams. 
John  Campbell. 
James  Rhea. 
Robert  Turdy, 
Isaac  Somers. 
Robert  Walker. 
Robert  Chew. 
Robert  Heatly. 
.    James  Ardery. 
John  Piper. 
George  Biddle. 


Joseph  Moore. 
AV>raham  Gabriel 
Philip  Nauss. 
Josias  Ramage. 


Captain. 
Sanniel  Rover. 

First  Lteutenant. 
.James  Brotherton. 

Second  Lieutenant, 
Jacob  Stottle. 

Ensign.  I 

Robert  Snodgrass. 

Primtes. 

William  Cook. 
Ephraim  Latta. 
Peter  lionginare. 
Alexander  Stuart. 


SECOND  BATTALION. 


Colnneh  ■ 

John  Davis.    ■ 

Lientenant  Colonel. 
Robert  Cuthbertson. 


A860C1ATORS  A.\l)  MILITIA. 

Major. 
Itobert  Taylor. 


Captain. 
Robert  Shannon. 

First  Lieutenant. 
David  Anderson. 

Seen n <l  L ientena nt. 
William  Alexander. 

Ensign. 
Thonia.s  Martin. 


Privates. 


John  Hamilton. 
James  McMiillin. 
John  McCiishlin. 
Samuel  Porterfield. 
James  Neely. 
Nathaniel  McCallah, 
David  Dunbar. 
Jacob  Mi  Heron. 
Joseph  McCiafToge. 
Ueortfe  Wear. 
William  Campbell. 
John  Comius. 
Ham.  Montgomery. 
John  Allison. 
William  Williams. 
William  Woods. 
Hnyh  (irimes. 
Andrew  McWean. 


James  Brofjle, 
Hugli  McHeuey. 
James  Shannon. 
James  Harvej'. 
John  Mairs. 
John  Jnlnistone. 
William  (iladstono. 
Thomas  Nichulas. 
James  Gold. 
John  Work. 
James  Smith. 
William  Wallace. 
John  Hrownfield. 
James  Henderson, 
(ieor^je  M'cNeely. 
Aoron  Wear. 
William  l*erry. 
Thomas  Clark. 


Captain. 
Thomas  Kennedy. 

First  Lientftxtnt. 
James  Douglas. 

Sfcofiif  Lieutf-iiant. 
William  Currv. 


fieo 


-wj^ 


I  U;j.. 


570 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


William  Smiley. 
Charles  Rowan. 
John  McDowell. 
William  Ree«l. 
Richard  Wood. 
John  Moore. 
John  Dougherty. 
Stophel  Miller. 
Henry  Evey. 
Francis*  Snakinberger. 
William  Armor, 
(ieorge  Neeman. 
Gilbert  Searight 
John  Tweed. 
Gabriel  Glenn. 
Jeremiah  Jacobs. 


Ensign. 
William  Woods. 

Privates. 

Conrad  Jumper. 
William  McClure. 
George  McClure. 
Jacob  McDill. 
Henry  Hasfetter. 
John  Gray. 
Matthew  McConnell. 
Banisey  McGee. 
Henry  Hay. 
Jacob  Singer. 
Abram  Loughridge 
John  Gibson. 
Robert  Tilford. 
Andrew  Patterson. 
Alexander  Atcliinson. 
JameA  Harper. 


John  Work. 
James  McDonald. 
William  McTeer. 
Paul  Concle. 
Martin  Harnmn. 
William  Barker. 
William  McCune. 
Charles  Wingler. 
Samuel  Littale. 
Samuel  Dickey. 
Joseph  Mehaffey. 


Captain. 
John  Triniiel. 

Fir.st  TAeutenant. 
Cln-i-jt.  Quigley. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Daniel  McNeal. 

En.sign. 
John  Ford. 

Privates. 

John  Pryson. 
William  McMean 
George  Myers. 
William  Bore. 
Abrnm  x\dair. 
Josinh  Armstrong 
Alexander  Corither^ 
Christian  Manysmiti, 
Thomas  Donalilson. 
John  Shannon. 
William  Hustone. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


571 


Jaiiit'S  McCormick,  Jr. 
William  Miller. 
Thomas  Henderson. 
James  Lamhric. 
John  MoCfauj^han. 
James  Willson. 
Peter  Beakan. 
Rol)i?rt  Robinson, 
Simon  Smailey. 
Samuel  Patterson. 
John  Patterson. 
John  Panley. 
Andrew  Coulter. 


Thomas  P.  Turner. 
George  Graham. 
Amos  Mercer. 
Samuel  Sliaw. 
David  Boys, 
.lolni  Cunningham. 


James  Donaldson. 
John  Baird. 
John  Parkison. 
Brice  Smith. 
Alexaniler  Snodgrass, 
David  Steel. 
William  Ross. 
Frederick  Swegeity. 
John  B<j\ver. 
Thomas  Jordan. 
William  McArtney. 
Rol)ert  Patterson. 
Thomas  Armstrong. 


First  Lieutfuant, 
William  Graham. 

Secmifl  Lieutenant. 
Samuel  Hulings. 

Ensiffn. 
Abram  Willson. 

Pncatea. 

Williauj  Shaw. 
Abram  Parker. 
William  Work. 
Thomas  Me  Roy. 
James  Irwin. 


John  McDathl. 
William  Armstrong 


Captain. 
William  Wilson. 

Fir.st  Lieutenant. 
Andrew  Briggs. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Hezekiali  Dunn. 

Ensifjn. 
.    Elisha  Ca.«well. 

Pnmtes. 

Robert  Meharg. 
John  Oliver. 


;"■'•# 

i"'*     <ii: 


672 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Edimmd  Swiney. 
William  MoreiauO. 
MatthinH  Ralph. 
Duncan  Cameron. 
Joseph  Adams. 
John  Cooper. 
William  Boyd. 
William  Dickson* 
John  Beatty. 
Jacob  Burch. 
James  Brat  tan. 
Jolin  Brown. 
James  Brown. 
William  Miller. 
James  Dickson. 
David  Evans. 
John  Siglar. 


Andrew  Sherra. 
Samuel  Hoey. 
Hu^h  Hassen. 
Gahriel  Vonght. 
William  Martin. 
John  Harbison. 
Alexander  McKinstrey. 
Georjje  Gilstone. 
Jolin  Little. 
Archibald  Stuart. 
John  Johnstone. 
Samuel  Brown. 
Samuel  An«lerson. 
Robert  Ellison. 
William  Robertson. 
John  Bell. 


William  Duffel. 
Robert  Leeper. 
William  Thomi^son. 
Thomas  Ramsey. 
Hugh  Donaldson. 
Benjamin  Jenkins. 
William  McConnell. 
Joseph  Dunlap. 
James  McColloch. 
John  Thomas. 
James  Mitchell. 


Captain. 
Patrick  Jack. 

First  Lieutenant. 
John  Orbison. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  Welsh. 

Ensign. 
William   Ramsey. 

Primtes. 

Robert  Bard. 
John  Moore. 
William  Swan. 
William  Mitchell. 
Jf)hn  Blair. 
John  Humphreys. 
James  McCalmash. 
James  Bigger. 
Joseph  Miller. 
Nathaniel  Mitchell. 
John  Nelson,  Jr. 


Caj)tain. 
James  F\)wer. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Thoiims  Fisher. 

Second  Lieutenant 
William  Murray. 

Ensi(fn 
Archibald  Loudon. 


573 


Privates. 


David  Cnrson 
Aiuhvw  8hu\v. 
James  Smith. 
Williaui  Elliott. 
William  McConnell. 
John  (^' raw  ford. 
John  Hunter. 
Thonuis  McKee. 
William  McCoy. 
Jt)lin  McCoy. 
George  McLeve. 
David  Baird. 
^amuel  Byars. 
Archibald  Kinkeail. 
Andrew  Everhart. 


Robert  Creigh. 
Jame.*?  Horn. 
John  McNaughton. 
Alexander  Fuilerton. 
Daniel  AJulhoUin. 
John  Barker. 
Daidel  McClintock. 
Samuel  (rlass. 
James  White. 
K<)))('rt  Johnstone. 
John  Phillips. 
Benjamin  Hillhouse. 
Patrick  Killain. 
Ridiard  Taylor. 


Robert  McClelland. 
Henry  Hlack. 
Adam  (ieorge. 
Michael  Whitmore. 
Leoininl  Stall. 
William  Young. 
Andrew  Russell. 


Captain. 
John  Jack. 

Firat  lAeutenant. 
[Vacancy.] 

Second  Lieutenant. 
James  Mc  Williams. 

Pri  rates. 

Thonms  Dunla]). 
Simon  Chunk. 
Charles  rrallacher. 
James  Long. 
James  Stuart. 
John  Ferguson. 
Valentine  Henderson. 


574 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


THIRD  CLASS. 


Colonel. 
Williftiii  Chambers. 

LleufeiKint  Colonel. 
Thomas  Tiirbit. 

Major. 
James  Carnahan. 


John  IVJcLean. 
Jolui  Stitt. 
David  Erwin. 
JauiHs  Hamilton. 
Jam'.'S  Harvey. 
James  Montgomery. 
William  Cartey. 
James  More. 
Steplien  Winslow. 
Thomas  Cotrey. 
William  Walker. 
Archihald  Hank. 
.Fohn  Mahaun. 
Neal  Dougherty. 
William  Mahaun. 
Adam  Hurtinan. 
John  Symons. 
Roifer  Morning. 


Captain. 
Noah  Abraham. 

First  Lientenaiii. 
Conrad  Beemar. 

Hec-ond  Lientettanl. 
Richard  Coulter. 

Ensign. 
Nathaniel  Stephen-son. 

Pricatts. 

Benjamin  Briggs,  Sr. 
I.>ia)ic  Laeey. 
Thonms  Nox. 
Andrew  Bell. 
David  Starret. 
■  Francis  Elliott. 
Robert  Hamel. 
James  Rus.«ell. 
Creorge  Cravenstine. 
Roljert  Walker. 
Alexander  Laugland. 
William  Dougherty. 
John  Engle. 
John  Cnthl)ertson. 
Robert  Hannah. 
Robert  McColloch. 
James  Clark. 
1  Jolni  Woods. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


575 


Samuel  Wherry. 
Hainuel  8traliaiiii. 
Hugh  Brady. 
John  Clark. 
John  McCIay. 
William  Turner. 
Edward  kSeryeant. 


John  Robertson. 
Janu'.s  Kliea. 
William  Lindfey. 
David  Semple. 
Andrew  ilurfey. 
Lodowick  Lonj;. 
William  Min.><tone. 


ittfl'H 


Captain. 
William  Donaldson. 

Flint  Lieutenant. 
Thomas  Brieelan. 

Second  Lietittnant. 
Thomas  G-ny. 

Ensign. 
John  Brown. 


Geor{?e  Hudson. 
Niclu)las  Bush. 
James  McClure 
William  Huston. 
Georfje  Loudermelch. 
John  McGutTy. 
George  Ottenbf'rger. 
William  Grier. 
John  Blackburn. 
John  Patton. 
William  Allison. 
William  Laughlin. 


Privates. 

Andrew  Kinkead. 
John  Thompson. 
James  OfUcer. 
James  WoDilburn. 
Moses  Watson, 
.lohn  Guthrie. 
John  Dnnbar. 
Samuel  Kilgore. 
Yar^le  Coiner. 
Arthur  Neal. 
Hugh  Pattei!, 
James  Harper. 


Captain. 
James  Lainl. 


First  Lieutenant. 
Timothy  Lee. 

Secontl  Lieutenant. 
John  Graham. 

Ensiffu. 
Alartin  Loncstaff. 


$ 


..,, 


C70 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 


James  ffrahani. 
.lanit's  (Crawford. 
William  liyai>. 
John  Myars.  '    ' 

William' Walker, 
(rfdrjie  Ha(5ki*t. 
Djivitl  Diekey. 
Nathaniel  Fish. 
Alexaiuler  Hamilton. 
William  trib.son. 
Andrew  Armstrontj. 
James  Oliver. 
Andrew  Erwiu. 
Samuel  (iatis. 
Samuel  Dunning. 
David  Roan. 
William  Fleming. 
Georfjfe  Crane. 
James  Garvin. 
James  Laughlan. 


Privateii. 

Robert  Cunningham. 
James  Laird. 
Jeremiah  Rice. 
Micluiel  B«>()r. 
J«»hn  MeKinly. 
Ajidrew  MehatTy. 
Samuel  Hoge. 
Charles  Dougan. 
John  Worndy. 
Richard  (ribson. 
Daviil  Boyd. 
Joseph  McChire. 
James  IMclviiistry. 
Hugh  Martin 
Jacob  Rupley. 
John  Lambevic. 
John  Stuart,  Sr. 
J)avid  Christy. 
Samuel  Dodds. 


Christopher  Erwiu. 
Samuel  J^avidsou. 
John  Dunning. 
Samuel  Reed. 
Martin  ('ain. 
Matthew  Bolan. 
James  Rodnum, 
Thonuis  Riiler. 
John  Wili.-*on. 
William  Kinney. 


Cnptnin. 
John  Elliott. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Samuel  Fields. 

Sfi'ond  Lieutenant. 
Neal  McCoy. 

Ensign. 
George  Hay.s. 

Frivates. 


John  Wood. 
James  Wooward. 
Martin  Cro/.ier. 
John  Dixson. 
John  Phillips. 
John  Christy  Goose. 
William  McCorniick. 
Phillip  Walker. 
John  Ewing. 
George  Miller. 


A«80CIATURS  ANJ,  MILITIA. 

.iaiiifH  Koss  ^''t^'iilwild  TuyJor. 

Kol.Hrt  P/Utcrs,,,,.  •'"'"'  ^I<'Keev"er. 

Alc.vuiHl.M-  Wliitt/  '>'ini..|  (',,ok.so„. 

•'allies  Hrurr.  ''''''•>'  H "'Iv I.. I ),.,•;,'(. r. 

"•'"'•>•  M,.M,.  Hobert  Mc(;oniiick. 

'>"vi.|  Martin.  fhmu.\  Hurlv. 

.'aiues  li,M„it.,-sun.  '■*'''«>"'.i.s  iJ,,),'!,.,, 

Wi-'liuiii  fcjlianuj. 


W7 


•'ol'ii  U;uiil)l,>,  Jr. 
./aiii.-.s  DivHuu. 

Wo'xTt    H(,y|. 

U()l».M-(   Davis. 

•loliii  Taylor. 
'>'».vi,l  Wallv,.,-. 

•'<>><.  <rallu\vay. 

Aurhoiiy  ./.'tikins. 

•'<»liii  .J()iinst<„i, 

^Viiliaiii  AikIpi-suij. 

William  tSriiith. 
•los.    R.mmI. 
•'<>^.    Wi.shy. 
•^aiiiiiel  Kevor. 


'^••'"•yTayl,,,.. 

^"ii-xt  Lhutenant. 
.iaiiM.s  Divs,,,,, 

I'lioninH  l{|,ii,.. 

ii'^lianl  J.Wuis„n. 

«';•"'•;  H-.tohinscn. 

■'"'Ill    Lvoii, 

Williani  Har,,,.,-. 
^^•'".i'liMiii  Casweij 

,      '^"I'li   Wiilsoii. 

•J'>'"'  ''fahaiu. 
Willi,,,,,,  Aniistrong. 
<»<»nlun  H<nvani. 
Willian,  ('„|1. 
Wiliiairi  ('(,||. 
H.'lx'rt  KHnn.-.ly. 
^^"'•"'•1  <'an,|,l„.n. 
William  fJarsoa. 


=^^-Vou  XV. 


SainiiHl  J>atton. 

-^'''Va/   IJnifniaut. 
Thomus  Mcl)„vvt.li 


1-^ 


678 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


John  Scort. 
William  Lemon. 
David  Cahlwell. 
John  McDowell. 
William  Patterson. 
Ez.  Harden. 
John  Willson. 
William  Rankin. 
David  Huston. 
William  Robertson. 
*  Has    this    after 
County." 


Second  Lieutenant.  — 

Hugh  MoKee. 

Ensign. 
Francis  (iordon. 

Privates. 

Samuel  Thompson. 
Elliott  Williamson. 
Nathaniel  McDowell. 
Robert  Dickey. 
*William  Campbell 
Oliver  Anderson. 
Michael  Hoge. 
David  Hoge. 
John  Haird,  Sr. 
Matthew  Shields, 
his    name;     "Served    in    Westraorelancl 


Captain. 
William  Sanderson. 

First  Lieutenant. 
.James  Blaine. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Robert  Scott. 

Ensign. 
John  Kirkpatrick. 

Prioatts. 


William  Murray. 
George  Dixson. 
George  Wallace. 
Micliael  Kirkpatrick. 
Thouuis  McTee. 
Robert  MoKebe 
William  Miller. 
William  (^hain. 
l^aviil  Hartnis. 
Siimuel  (+al  breath. 
William  t'arns. 


John  Sanderson. 
.John  McLean. 
John  Mc(yown. 
David  Miller. 
Thomas  Noble. 
David  Mo(Mure. 
George  Hrown. 
Thomas  Adams. 
Alexander  Mct^askey. 
Thomas  Hamilton, 
'/iionuis  Smilev. 


ASaOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


579 


J  ninths  Gaily. 
John  Setlgwick. 
Robert  McCnbe. 
William  (rardner,  Jr. 
John  deeper. 


Jv»hn  Devin. 
Hunce  Ferguson. 
Jolni  Kwing. 
JauiHH  Maxwell. 


James  Hrawford. 
Samuel  MeColloch. 
James  McCormick. 
Samuel  (irass. 
John  Gibson. 
Adam  Stum[). 
Samuel  Snodgrass. 
David  Long. 
Alexander  (>unningham 


Captain. 
James  Poe. 

Fir  fit  lAentenant. 
Adum  Harmone. 

En.si</n. 
James  Drumin. 

Privates. 

Jacob  Nigli. 
Richard  Right. 
Gabriel  Voung. 
James  MeCanley. 
William  Gibson. 
Samuel  Kiniks. 
Alexander  Young. 
James  Clark. 


IN  SEllVICE  OCTOBER,  1777. 

FOURTH   CLASS. 

Colimel. 
Samuel  Lyon. 

Lituttniunt  Colonel. 
J)avid  Bell. 

Major. 
John  Drooks. 

Captain. 
Alexander  Peoples. 

First  Lif  iitfuant. 
Archibald  Klliubt. 


I 


580 


MISCELLANEOUS*  HULLS  OF 


William  MulT.-t. 
Aiulrcv.'  liliu'kiiurt. 
Jiiiiit's  AlexaiidtT. 
(n'orf^c  Spt'alimiu. 
Mattlit'w  HoriHT. 
Mat tlitnv  Tlioiiipsoii. 
R(>l>ert  Mickt'y,  Jr. 
,Tnint>s  Aiiviiis. 
.Iani<>s  liaii^hliii. 
Wiliiain  Scott. 
AlcxaiitlfT  Starrit. 
William  Tiinil)U'. 
Kr,l).'rt   ('lark. 
Aihim  < 'Uimiii^liam 
.JaiiH's  iMitclit'li. 
<Tt'<)r^»»  IMcA'aiie. 
Ut'OTj^c  Wire. 


fii'i-itiit/  Jjfi'itttiKint. 
Itubrrt  McComh. 

Kii.sff/n. 
William  AIiI.m- 

PruHites. 


JoliM  ({(irliaiiaii. 
•loliii  l*ort»'rli<'l(l. 
Frnderick  Sliflioic. 
Samuel  Kii)p(*y. 
(it'orj^t*  l'"'ry. 
.TaiiH's  S('ro{{f4;s. 
William  MeFarlaud 
William  Hcrnm. 
(rcor^f  (f()(>,>*maii. 
Pelrr  Sluiir. 
William  (ieorf^c 
Francis  Nceshii. 
John  Mitdicli. 
Samiit'l  Haiiitali. 
John  Haiuiaii. 
.folni  Martin, 


John  ( 'oclirun. 
Thomas  (ronion. 
Thomas  Finney. 
Andrew  Harvey. 
John  Parker. 
.\ndre\v  DoiiaMson. 
John  Wearham. 


Captain. 
Andrew  I\IcKee. 

First  Licvti-iKiHt. 
Matthew  Ijaird. 

Second  Lieuteuani. 
Alexander  Lital. 

Ensii/n. 
[Vacancy.] 

J'rivate.s. 


Frederick  Dooey, 
John  White, 
(ieoi't^e  Lital. 
William  McChire, 
William  Sprt)iit. 
John  Watson. 
Fence  Tion)^. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


681 


.Tolin  MpK«e. 
Hii^fli  K»'iiM»'(ly. 
SuiiMU'l  I^aird. 
Saimu'l  R»M'(I. 
lM)ili[)  Mill<>r. 
(it'or^H  ( joiiu'i". 
laiiM'S  Ralston. 
.MIcii  Li't^pt-r. 
Williatii  Appltjby, 


Hiif^h  Stoop. 
Saiimcl  ( )rr. 
••aiiK's  Hojjfc. 
Thomas  Hea^ly. 
•laiiH's  iSands. 
Saiimcl  I'axtoii. 
Ilt'iiry  Wist*, 
•ai'ol)  Wiiigler. 
IMiillip  Kimble, 
lliirtlt-y  Wormley. 
Samut'l  Sloiiii. 
.loliii  Mc(HII. 
lohii  l^iii'lianan. 
Smiihk'I  ('allio(»i». 
Samuel  Mann. 
James  Lo^an. 
(ieorgti  8witslielm. 


Rol)ert  Stephenson. 
William  Frenc^h. 
James  Love. 
Simon   liinf^er. 
Thomas  Williamson. 
Robert  Weakly. 
.Jacob  H  ntchinson. 
Rawiin  Seroj^tjs. 


Cnptatn. 
.iohn  Lainl).  , 

Ffisf    Lieuttnitnl. 
.lames  Floyd. 

Second  JjieiUaiiant. 
[Vacant.  I 

Ensiiin. 
William  HartnLs. 

Privates. 

Andrew  Emminger. 
Thomas  Carmichael. 
Nicholas  liore. 
.John  liarr. 
John  MehalVy. 
Al»ra,m  Hide. 
William  Patterson. 
Adam  Critzer. 
Samnel  More. 
.Iohn  Hnstf)n. 
William  Sloan. 
James  McTeer. 
Matthew  Kennedy. 
John  Johnston. 
ffeorj.^e  Rn|>ley. 
.leremiah  Robertson. 


( 'apt It  in. 
Phillip  Mattliias. 

First  Lit  iilfiiiint. 
Alexander  Roljertsoii. 


'  a 


I 


682 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  Reed. 

Ell. St  (J  II. 
Joseph  IMc('oy. 

PHvate.s. 


John  McKee. 
JaineH  Kerr. 
Jolin  Chain. 
Michael  FontH. 
James  Crosl)y. 
William  Bell." 
William  Henderson. 
JameH  Rol)ertson. 
(ieorge  Crane. 
James  Kerr. 
Aaron  Conlter. 
James  lUcCollum. 
Daniel  Barton. 
William  Stuart. 
John  Riihlle,  Sr. 
Jacob  Sellers. 
Samuel  Barnet. 
William  Black. 
James  McCutchin. 
James  McMeath. 
Adam  Reed. 
James  Dickey. 


Joseph  McConnell. 
James  Erwin. 
David  Cargill. 
William  Crocket. 
Robert  Patterson. 
Richani  Willson. 
John  Lyon. 
Jt.'i  ii  Curry. 
:■■:       TJttle. 
BeUjtiHiin  Kipler. 
Tlioma.'^  Such. 
\  U'xaudi'r  'V'cdree. 

JaCO^     Plfilll  :  . 

Thomas  Connor. 
James  Bonar. 
Henry  Carson. 
James  Thompson. 
Andrew  Feriier. 
Thomas  McKee. 
Robert  Moneypenny. 
William  Upton. 


Lodwick  Yator. 
J)avid  Steel. 


Captain. 
James  Addams. 

First  Lieutenant. 
John  Fleming. 

Senond  Lieutenant. 
John  Willson. 

Ensiyn. 
John  Holt. 

Privates. 

.Tames  Davidson. 
John  Oliver. 


ASSOOIATOilS  AND  MILITIA. 


Williftiu  Hooft. 
Robert  Kiinihill. 
Elijah  Caswell. 
.James  ArniHtrong. 
John  Carlisle. 
John  Moore. 
Solomon  Palmer. 
.John  Tunner. 
•lohn  Wason. 
James  Limbo. 
Rol>ert  Smith, 
(ieorj^e  Bratten. 
James  MoCoey. 
Samuel  Prampton. 
Thonms  Mitchell. 


Alexander  McNit. 
John  Kite. 
Matthew  Taylor. 
■\Viliiam  Ken. 
William  Drinin. 
James  Thompson. 
Thomas  Collins. 
Matthew  Alder. 
David  Walker. 
John  Hagin. 
John  Marsden. 
Andrew  Johnston. 
James  Caswell. 
William  Young. 


583 


David  Collinif). 
David  Mc Briar. 
.Tames  Guthrie. 
John  Conrod  Miner. 
Henry  McCartney. 
Alexander  Cunning. 
James  Ervin,  Jr. 
John  Golding. 
James  Kelly. 
James  Boyd. 


First  Lieutenant. 
John  Eaton. 

Ensign. 
William  Plannegin. 

Privates. 

Henry  Reed. 
William  Steel. 
David  Russell. 
Audrey  Dickey. 
John  McKerny. 
Thomas  Claney. 
James  Rankin. 
Robert  f-fordon. 
John  Robisoa. 


Captain. 
William  Blaine. 

First    Lientfuant. 
George  Black. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Samuel  Shaw. 

En.fi  f/n. 
Joseph  Sharp. 


Ri 


•Sf" 


584 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Jnines  Cameron. 
Michael  Marshal. 
John  McCallaster. 
John  Ardery. 
John  Baker. 
Joseph  Childers. 
('harles  McCarty. 
William  ftalbreath. 
Rol)ert  Boyd. 
Robert  McClurg. 
James  Findley. 
John  Douglass. 


Frivates. 

Hugh  Gormly. 
John  Mai'shal. 
William  McClintock. 
James  McClure. 
John  Smith. 
•  WilMaiii  Brown. 
Robert  Galbreath. 
Abram  Johnsron. 
John  McHride. 
David  Martin. 
William  Cunningham. 


Michael  Rign. 
Joseph  Davis. 
William  Aker. 
Richard  Kain. 
James  Robison. 
Andrew  Miller. 
William  Crooks. 
JameH  Nicholson. 


Cdptain. 
William  liOng. 

First  Lienfciiant. 
Joseph  Pat  ton. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Daniel  McClain. 

Ensif/n. 
Peter  Shaver. 

Privates'. 

William  Newel. 
Hugh  Bartley. 
Jofriah  Colo. 
Joseph  Lowry. 
(Tcorge  Smith. 
John  ^^cNulty. 
Charles  Hart. 


FIFTH  CLASS. 


Colonel. 
Arthur  Buchanan. 

LibUtennnt  Colonel. 
John  Work,  '  back  from  Lan""' 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 

Major. 
Daviil  Mitcliell. 


('<ip(aiii. 
Patrictk  Jntrk. 

First    Lfeutennnt. 
Samuel  Crawfortl. 

/Second  Lfeutenant. 
William  Moorhead. 

Ensff/n. 
Archibald  Johnston. 


Andrew  Millor. 
John  Hockinbui-y. 
Jf)seph  Kelly. 
Amli'ew  CrilTeu. 
J<ihn  Neel.son. 
Samtiel  Gibson. 
Joim  WillsoM. 
John  MoXMelland. 
William  Harvey. 
Kdward  Taylor. 
Cord  Bra<ly. 
William  Hodj.je. 
Adam  Carnahan. 
.lohn  Jones. 
Andrew  Young, 
Jolm  Smitli. 
Samuel  MeHeney. 
MatTliew  Hannah. 
Phillii)  Hradley. 


Privates. 

William  Hryan. 
Patri^'k  Mui-phy. 
Patrick  Sidlivan. 
Robert  (fillespie. 
Williani  Hunter. 
Andrew  Mc(,'lintock. 
William  (iibson. 
Andrew  Hemphill. 
Robert  Tate. 
James  .Me(fatTojr. 
Patrick  (rilgore. 
William  (ilass. 
John  ^fcOjwn. 
John  lilithe. 
William  ^Mont^omery. 
John  Wills. 
Samuel  Duncan. 
James  lilair. 
Richard  Stei)hens. 


585 


Captain. 
William  McClure. 

First  Liontenant. 
Thomas  Kennedy,  "ordered  not  to  march." 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  Carver,  "ordered  not  to  inarch." 


% 


m 


tm 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 


Aaron  Penwei. 
Solomon  Nifjhcap. 
Frederick  Rinehart. 
William  Armstrong. 
Aroliihalil  Campbell. 
James  Mcfxranaluin. 
John  David.son. 
William  Davis. 
Jacob  Swanger. 
Thomas  Appleby. 
Thomas  Gourley. 
William  Abercromby. 


Ensif/n. 
Samuel  Donnald. 

Privates. 

Joseph  Mereer. 

Phillii)  Weariiam. 

Robert  For  bis. 

John  Tliomji.Hon. 

Andrew  Corithers. 

John  Cook. 

Henry  Brooks. 

John  An<!er8on. 

Thomas  Morgan,  "sick  with  the 

small-pox." 
Jolm  Clark,  "press  wagoner." 


Tiiomas  Campbell. 

Peter   Smith,   "pressed  wag 

oner." 
John  Brownlee. 
Samuel  Mehaflfey. 
Thomas  Wharton. 
Richard  Parkison. 


Captain. 
[Vacant.] 

First  IJeutenant 
John  Clandinin. 

{Second  Lieutenant. 
Francis  Watts. 

EnsiffU: 
[Vacant.] 

Prion  tes. 

Thomas  Anderson. 
Thomas  Rairdon. 
John  Poorman. 
David  Brooks. 
Adam  Calhoon. 
Christ.  Huston. 
Patrick  Davidson^ 


Captain. 
Jolin  Hamilton. 

First  Lieutenant. 
William  Williams. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  McConnell. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


587 


James  Howel. 
.lolin  I'urker. 
John  Moody. 
Jfiines  McRoy. 
John  Taylor 
ffeorgt'  Hweesy. 
VVillinni  Hrown. 
Thomas  Anderson. 
John  Anderson. 
James  Campbell. 
Robert  Willson. 
William  Tliompson. 
Richard  Rankin. 
Al)rani  Kipler. 
William  IMcParson. 
William  Frederick. 
Charles  Cunningham. 
Joseph  Stuart. 
John  Johnstone. 
John  l^risen. 
Hu^h  McCallister. 
Andrew  Bojjle. 
James  Taylor. 
Matthew  Stall. 
John  Purdy. 


Ennigii.  •'■ 

John  Henderson. 

Privates. 

George  Mc('ol lough. 
Robert  McDonnald. 
William  (rillespy. 
Jolui  Kringham. 
Daniel  Sweesy. 
John  Kingright. 
Robert  Urown. 
William  Willson. 
Samuel  Wharton. 
Epenetns  Hart. 
William  Ranison. 
Richard  Earl. 
William  Riddle. 
George  Troxsell. 
William  Jones. 
James  IMacldan. 
Thomas  Patterson. 
John  Gray. 
NiclKilas  Gooshorn. 
(reorge  (ireeii. 
James  Arntstrong. 
James  Harris. 
James  Purdy,  Jr. 
Francis  George. 


Frederick  Comb. 
John  (.^aum. 


Capffifn. 
Thomas  Thomjjson. 

First   Lieutenant. 
Robert  Saniuels. 

Secoiu/  Lientemiiit. 
Robert  Harr. 

Ensif/}\. 
James  Means. 

Pricntes. 

Adam  Lauchland. 
Samuel  Mitchell. 


S88 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 


Robert  McKnitt. 
William  Tlioiiipson. 
James  Ewiii}^. 
David  Adams. 
Jolin  Cuiinin^liam. 
William  ISIc.Doiinald. 
James  l^r;i.ttin,  Jr. 
John  (Jaul. 
William  Little. 
Richard  (Utx. 
Richard  I/imbs. 
Jnines  McKain. 
William  Willson 


Jacob  Adam.s. 
Thomas  Sinqtie. 
James  Haily. 
Peter  Smitsmaii. 
James  (ralloway. 
James  Stimril. 
Anthony  Lijily. 
James  Brattcn. 
Samuel  Cawl. 
Steplien  Shyhawk. 
Henry  Fleming;-. 
Josepli  AVood. 
Jolm  Bartholomew. 


•   t'nptain. 
Joseph  Cuthbertson. 

First  LienUncDtt. 
William  Elliott. 

Senond  Lfeiitennnt. 
Samuel  Dunwoody,  '"sick  with  small-pox." 

Eusifin. 
James  Caldwell. 


l^ricatts. 


John  Smith. 
Alexander  Cnttehan. 
Samuel  Parks. 
Charles  Ji[)per. 
John  MeCashlin. 
William  ]N[artin. 
John  iMartin. 
Richard  Bard. 
James  (fordon 
Alexander  Miller. 


Adam  Cashner. 
John  Cochy. 
William  Hannah. 
Jolm  Laird. 
William  MeCashlin. 
William  Newell. 
John  Cunningham. 
James   Maxwell. 
John  Brooky. 


Captain. 
Frederick  Taylor. 

First  Lietittnant. 
Thomas  McCov. 


AS80CIAT0RS  AND  MILITIA.                       589 

Secotii/  Lif-ntf'iKinf. 

'  ^ 

James  Kwing. 

E)tsi(in. 

John  (Gardner. 

Pn't'iihs. 

Hans  Kilgeps. 

William  Spottwood. 

Eilwanl  ODonald. 

Thomas  ShedswieK. 

Pattri(!k  (Ti-aiit. 

Andrew  Jiineh. 

Koltcrt  McCMintog. 

Robert  Irwin. 

James  Wyiner. 

Hiit^h  Mf'Craf^han, 

Matthew  Merrot. 

James  Miller. 

Kieluird  Morrow. 

Tliomas  Piirdy,  Jr. 

Will  in  111   Wutsftii. 

Willium  Taylor. 

\\^\<rh  Miller. 

James  Maxwell. 

('liftoii  Howell. 

William  Martin. 

Richard  Stewart. 

Andrew  Irwin. 

Koln'rt  Huey. 

John  Fadtlon. 

Wiliiaiii  Williams. 

Samuel   «'flass. 

Daiii      Sraham. 

RoImm-"^  Adams 

Hii;          'hsou. 

AVilliam  deeper. 

.Ins,  ,         «>'lsoii. 

William  .\dams 

Andrew  Kinkead. 

John  <Tarilenei, 

Captain. 

.Tames  Yomifjf. 

kii-c.oud  Liiiite)tant. 

John  Hart. 

Eiisif/n. 

H.UKh  Wylie. 

Privates. 

William  Rhea. 

John  Stoops. 

.James  Stitt. 

John  M('(!oniiiek. 

William  Marshall. 

Humphi-fV  Fnllerton. 

William  Beatty. 

David  Kn^'lish. 

lohii  iiiiidsey. 

Thomas  Shannon. 

.lohii  Ral[)hsnyder. 

Robert  McCray. 

Henry  Stall. 

.Tacob  (iallowdy. 

.Ii)hn  Nioliolas.         ; 

William  Marsliall. 

James  Stuart 


m) 


MIH<M<'.hl,ANK()nH  IKUJ.H  OP 


IN  SKKVIdK  .IvVNl'AllY.  177H. 


HIXTII   CI.AHH 


HiiiiMiol  Ou<hlti<f(Noii,  "iinli>r<>it  l)iu<k  rtnni  I iiiiioAMttfr. 
.Mt'Xahtlor  Urown. 

.'olui  .f«»imMtou,  "onltM'iMl  hncU  fi'niii  Ijiiiu'aMior. '* 

QiKntrrmn.sti'r. 
AiM'hllmld  li'wiii. 

.lolin  ^Minplx'll. 

i'ilst    I, ti  lift  no  lit. 
William  Hoyil. 

lS(<'i)ii(f  /,/f  III' mint,, 
Ailiiin  Scott. 

I>avl«l  HlniniffvlH. 


J'riMtr 


John  Monvldc. 
H«'Hr\    lloc'v«>iil>MrK, 
Arthur  Smir. 
Alt'vainltT  McrliMtoeU, 
SauKio!  Mritton. 
rliarh's  (Ji))s«M). 
Hoh.iM  Hanihill. 
liohcrt  ("olToy. 
Amir«>\v  Mi*Vt>an. 
William  Hrvson. 
Muinplin'v  M.mt^foinory. 
Fr»'»l<'rii'k  l>«'llmK«'i"- 


Williiiiii  Lat)i<>r. 
John  Mc('liin>. 
I'^rain'ls  DdiiaM. 
Ali>\aii(i(>r  Klllott. 
.Ininos  Ktii'iiH. 
William  Maohiii. 
l"ilu'Mi'/»'i'  l'\'r^jusoii, 
William  Harrt-ii. 
.loiiit  Mourn. 
Huhcrt   l<',r\vin. 
.lamt's  Kirkpat  ri(^k. 
William  llt'i'i'on. 


AHHJK 

lA'I'oHH  AND  MIMTIA, 

Mil 

.raiiM'H  llMrron. 

KnlMTt   JiliyHoii. 

U»»Im<iI    iN'oplnK 

MniiHM'l    Mr<!iUM>. 

John  Turrfl 

I'lttrirk  Kiiii^li»\v, 

Juliii  McCnrii'l. 

\ 

i 'II  III  II  In. 

TIlOIIIIIR  (iiliMMM. 

iniHi  t,ii  nil  niiiif. 
itoliii  ( !((iol  Ih'ih. 

Si I'ltnil  l.hnlrnfnil. 

.)<t)iii 

Kvviiig,  "«>i(liin'<l  l/iick. 

<'(>nrR<l  <"<»irMT. 

J'rii'inlcH. 

.liiini'M  W/iIhoii 

It'dxTl     |{cVf»ir<|, 

• 

Wllliiim  hiirv.-y. 

loliii  'riMiiii|i>-'>ri. 

KulMM'tr    |)<iiiiiIi|hii|i. 

.Ihiik'k  I,Ii/iI. 

.lllHI-pIl    Hill<l<>||i||, 

.l/iiiift  \Vi(ll(ir-,»'. 

• 

Nnlliiiii  llfiy. 

'PliifiiiHH  (tonri'ir, 

Al(«xiiii(lfr  l'«trlu-r. 

Holiflt     MdlC 

II. Miry  M.'(liiii.-. 

Hulllllfl     I'flKllHOfl. 

' 

S(iinin>l  McMiirry. 
<<«MM'(()'  iCilcy. 

(icor^^c   |)<>t'l. 

Williiim  I'lirk'T. 
Adam  ( 'IcIIuikI. 


Aiith'iiiy  lliiiuifk, 
MoHfK  Kirk  pill  rifk 
Kolicrf   llftiiy. 
.loliii  I'dtloii,  Sr. 


('a  fit  n  hi. 
.Iiiiiii'H  S(iiii|»l»',  "^ifk 

l^iisl  l.ii  nil  nil  III. 
Hicluinl   l{oil^,'(rH. 


A'  * 


rSirnn.i 


I  l.ii  nfi mml. 


.IdiiM'^  I'lciiiinif. 


E 


n-'ii/n. 


Ilt'iirv  Millf-r. 


rm 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 


Privates. 

Alexander  Boyd.  Robert  McMean. 

David  Hoge.  l^liillip  (iilleii. 

J)avid  Walker,  "pressed  waj?-  .lohii     Croiise,    "pressed    wag- 
oner" oner." 

James  Sawers.  James  McMullen. 

Samuel  Welch.  William  Duning, 

Samuel  Clendening.  John  Heiiing. 

William  Merormiek.  Alexander  Mortland, 

William  Carothers.  William  Agnew. 

William  Henry.  Alexander  Sanderson. 
John  J)udils. 


Thoph  McOonald. 
Charles  Morrah. 
James  (Tillillen. 
William  White. 
Sanuiel  l)a,vidson. 
David  Clayton. 
John  Dever. 
havid  INLoody. 
llalrom  Wright. 
Jacob  Whitehead. 
William  McC'racken. 
AVilliam  (h-ossin. 
Thomas  Pauley. 
Michael  Quigley. 
Hrice  Collins. 
Jont.  Hiitton. 
Rol)ert  (tray. 
Joseplj  Hoyle. 
Alexander  Cochran. 
William  Huston. 
James  Smith. 


Capfdhi. 
Jonathan  Hobeson. 

First  Lieutenant. 
James  Dinican. 

iiecond  IjieuttHant. 
Andrew  Neelson. 

Entiif/n. 
Jolm  Bell. 

Privates. 

Alexander  Reed, 
Thomas  Hole. 
Matthew  ISlcTeer. 
Charles  Pollock. 
Josei)h  Mullin. 
John  Ross. 
John  liurns. 
John  Sturgeon. 
William  n.)ok. 
John  Rankin. 
Alexander  I'atterson. 
Benjamin  Smaley. 
James  (fallagher. 
James  MeCulty. 
Daidel  Anderson. 
John  Kelly. 
Janu's  Glenn, 
freorge  More. 
James  M"\'enan. 
James  Coon. 
William  McCallaster. 


.lolin  Anderson. 
.James  White. 
.Fames  Willson. 
David  Neely. 
.lacoh  Kisler. 
Robert  Landruni. 
Saiinitd  Wiiai'ton. 
.fames  (falioway. 
Walter  Beatty. 
William  Derbin. 
AI<'Xandei'  Jacobs. 
.Ji.,!:ies  M(Mfla('lilin. 
l)aviu  Johnston. 
William  I'leminj.?. 
.Tiimes  Haslot. 
(jrilbert  (^rnnil). 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA 


Fifth  Battalion. 

('(iptnin. 
Samiii'i  lioliiday. 

Fir.sf   JJ<  utf)itint. 
■losh   IJrown. 

ii(:cinitt  l.ieiitcniDit. 
Robert  Means. 

Jiiisif/)!. 
John  Campbell. 

J'riniffs. 

James  ^[eCord. 
Jonas  Balm. 
William  McKnitt. 
John  Neely. 
Samnel  Mille^an. 
David  More. 
Robert  Graham. 
John  (^'nmnun. 
John  Allin. 
.      (leor^e  Calhoun. 
Richard  (runsolo. 
John  Monttjoinery. 
John  Huston. 
John  Camon. 
John  (fallireath. 
Patriclv  Connoly. 


.•$98 


m 


'IMI 


■P   I 


Sl.Mll   Hattalio^ 

Captdfii: 
William  Huston. 

First  Lit  nh  ihinl. 
John  Hin  r. 

Srrdiiff  l.irHiiuanf . 
George  Stephenson. 

Kn.sh/ii. 
Walter  McKlnny,  "on  a  journey." 


US- Vol.  XV. 


594 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


.Tohn  Hamilton. 
John  Dickey. 
Petei   Hawa. 
John  Bard. 
Robert  Crawford. 
James  Knox. 
Hugh  Wiley. 


Privates. 

George  Hunter. 
William  Montgomery. 
James  Walker. 
Willinin  Hays. 
William  Pean. 
William  Bard. 


William  Cree. 
William  liUeas. 
Fraiicis  MrCjuoan. 
John  Coulter. 
Thomas  Boyd. 
Matthew  White. 
Hugh  I^aw. 
William  McKee. 
.James  Kerr. 
Thomas  Barnet. 
Robert  Pavvson. 
Samuel  Ewing. 
John  .famison. 
Henry  Hently. 
Alexander  Brown. 
Jolui  Keilem. 
.Tames  Nelson. 
Thonms  Shaw. 


Sevknth  Rk«iment. 

Captain. 
Edward  Grimes. 

First  Lit  It  ten  ant. 
Daniel  Hart. 

Second  Lientennnt, 
John  Neelson. 

Ensign. 
Benjamin  Junkin. 

Privates. 


Joseph  C-rormely. 
John  Marshall. 
Michael  Marshal. 
William  Carson. 
William  Blaine. 
Hugh  McClintock. 
John  Rea,  Jr. 
John  Elliott. 
John  Smylie. 
Alexander  Gaely. 
Moses  Hays. 
Edward  West. 
Henry  U  lass. 
Alexander  McCoy. 
James  Tl.ompson. 
John  Nelson. 
John  Nels<m,  Jr. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 

Eighth  Battalion. 

Captain. 
I  Vacancy.  I 

Blrst  Lieutenant. 
Daniel  Smith. 

'  Second  Lieutenant. 

\  Vacancy.  ] 

Ensiyn. 
I  Vacancy.] 


595 


TiiomnH  .lohnston. 
Ja(M)l)  (rrintlle. 
James  McKee. 
Tlios  Heard. 
Michael  Ureenwalt. 
^lartin  Cook, 
.lohn  Points. 
James  Mclntire,  Sr. 
Hui^li  ^Iclntire. 
8amiiel  Cociiran. 


Privates. 

Emannel  Stntler. 

AVilliam  Neesbit. 

Daviil  Adams. 

John   Andrew,  "commissary  of 

purchases." 
Phiilil>  (fooshead. 
John  Ree«i. 
James  Mclntire. 
Matthew  Sharp. 


IN  SEllVICE  MARCH,  1778. 
SEVE.NTH  CLASS. 


Colonel. 
Frederick  Watts. 

Lieutenant  Colon'  /. 
James  Johnston. 

Major. 
McHatton. 


First  Battalk^n. 

Cnptai)!. 
Joseph  Brady,  "W.  M." 


■m 


606 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 


First  Lieuleiinnl. 
Isaac  jMiller. 

SbcGvd  Lieatenanl. 
James  Stuart. 

Ensign. 
Jacob  Miller. 


Ramiu'l  Haker. 
.I<)st-l)li  Saeket. 
John  IMoCray. 
Alexander  Nickle 
RolxM't  liratten. 
Daniel  La  very. 
JanieH  Allen, 
(teor^je  Herry. 
David  Mc('nne. 
D.miel  Neevanss. 
Samuel  Cooe. 
James  Hays. 
Charles  ]\Iao,lay,  Senior. 
Robert  Gibbs. 


Prioates. 

John  Anderson. 
Robert  J^ather. 
Jose  pi  1  Alder. 
James  IMciN^ml). 
•    Henry  Cowen. 
David  .lenkins. 
Jolni  (Jalhonn. 
William  MciTofTof?. 
Rol)ert  Montffoiiiery. 
Samuel  jMontjfomery. 
Robert  MeClean. 
John  INfaelay. 
Samuel  Walker. 


Skcom)  Ha tt align. 

*     Captain. 
Walter  Denny. 

Fi/.'^r  Lieutenant. 
Samuel  Mather. 

iSccnnd  Lieutenant. 
John  Jjove. 

E)isif;n. 
Henry  Hrooks. 


Christian  Sansebaugh. 
Samuel  Willson. 
Henry  Jenj^er. 
James  Willson. 
James  Johnston. 


Prirafe.'i. 

William  Gray. 
Daniel  Gregory. 
David  IiU8k. 
John  Erwin. 
James  Graham. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


r»ij7 


Andrew  Cline, 
.hicob  Kigly. 
David  Allen. 
John  Sharp. 
Michael  ]\riller. 
John  Leiuon,  Jr. 


Hugh  Doiigal. 
Henry  Singer. 
William  lilair,  "coniniiSfSary  of 

purchases." 
Alexander  Cook. 
Ale.xander  Sprout. 


TmUD   1?  ATT  A  LI  ox. 


^ 


u 


m 

H 


V' 


First  LibuteiKtnt. 
James  Irwin,  "ordered  not  to  ninrch.' 

Second  JjieuteiKint. 
John  Willson,  "went  to  the  enuiu>.' 

Ell  sign. 
John  Mc('ormick. 


James  Bryson. 
Ale.xander  Mclntire. 
Andrew  Bone. 
Matthew  Allison. 
John  Miller. 
William  Marshall. 
Joseph  Willson. 


Privates: 

Thomas  Williamson. 
James  (rutery. 
John  Walker. 
Samuel  Martin. 
William  Cochran. 
Alexander  McCtolium. 
Natlian  Willson. 


FornTii   Battalion. 


('(ip/aiii. 
James  McConal 

7'7/.v^  Lieutenant. 
David  Neelson. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
James  Hogle. 

En.sigii. 
William  Airbuckle. 


■■■^1 


598 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Matthew  TMcTeer. 
Samuel  Barnet. 
John  Georjje. 
Levy  Boweii. 
(Jharles  Murray. 
Samuel  Beatty. 
.lolia  Organ. 
Robert  Little. 
Joseph  Gordon. 
Jo! Ill  (Tall. 
Huijh  Roljertsoii. 
Al)ram  Wells. 
Joseph  Poultney. 
Jacol)  Easord. 
John  Martin. 
Jolm  Knox. 
David  Walker. 
Peter  Lantner. 
Charles  Blair. 
Jain«'s  Thompson. 
Thomas  Peel. 


Privates. 

Alexander  Reed. 

James  Stuart. 

Jolni  Whitmore. 

Robert  Cam[)bell. 

John  Field. 

Thomas  Howard. 

.John  White. 

Charles  Clark. 

John  Melliin. 

Cieor^e  Albrifjht. 

Ueorj^e  Shafton. 
♦        William  Stuart. 

Samuel  Best. 

David  Clay. 

William  Cami>bell. 

John  Anderson. 

Paul  Trimer. 

Samuel  Wiley. 

Moses  Woods. 

Jauies  Thompson 

William  Reed. 


L. 


James  Martin. 
Robert  Buchanan. 
Thomas  Brown. 
Joseph  McKibben. 
Wdliam  Mitchell. 
William  Brown. 


Fifth  Battalion. 

Captain.  ', 

Thomas  Alexander. 

First  Lieutenunt. 
John  Means. 

Second  Lieutenant, 
John  Wakefield. 

En-si  f/n. 
Aaron  ]More. 

Privates. 

John  l^lair. 
John  Martin. 
James  Scott. 
William  Galloway. 
James  Martin. 
James  Reed. 


ASSUCIATURS  A.ND  MILITIA. 


David  Bi'owii.  . 
A  brain  How. 
Alexander  Jacobs. 
Landy  Junken. 
Alexander  McDonald. 
Richard  Johnston. 
Wiiliani  Johnston. 
William  Hero. 
Hii^h  McClellan. 
Robert  Gardner. 
Georf^e  Mitchell 
John  Keever. 
John  iMitchell. 
Thomas  Crumb. 


John  ("raig. 
Tobias  Devers. 
Wiiliani  Bratten. 
George  Gal  breath. 
Robert  Fergue. 
John  Gillesi)ie. 
William  White. 
Jacob  Server. 
David  Coulter, 
Joseph  Brown. 
John  Role. 
George  Meek. 
Jonathan  Wallace. 


Phillip  Davis, 
two  lines.     S 
Robert  Patton. 
Alexander  Bigger. 
Thomas  Allison. 
James  Patterson. 
Adam  Willson. 
Samuel  Erwin. 
James  Calhoun. 
Alexander  Matthers, 


Sixth  Battalion. 

Cajifain. 
Robert  McCoy. 

First  Lienteiiant. 
Joseph  Stevenson. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
William  Cessna. 

Ensign. 
Rol)ert  Kyle. 

Private.'i. 

between   the    John  (^'ock. 
M."  James  Mcjor. 

Robert  Dickey. 

John  Gibson. 

John  Morrison. 

William  Dunwoody. 

Matthew  WilKson. 

Thomas  Hogge. 

John  Shields. 

Robert  Stephenson. 


599 


m[ 


■  ,t 


vU 


.sm 


Seventh  Battalion. 

Ca/>tain. 
John  Buchanon. 


600 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 

First  Lientenant. 
Joseph  Neepei'. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Matthew  McCay. 

Ensign. 
G-eorge  Smiley,  "onlered  not  to  inarcii. ' 


Saiimel  McClellaml. 
Daniel  Stiianl. 
James  Hodliins, 
John  Riddle. 
Matthew  Keir 
John  Miller. 
James  Hamilton. 
Samuel  Neesbit. 
John  Cowburn. 
William  Shehan. 
Joseph  KirUp.itrick. 
John  Smith. 
Daviil  McKee. 
Henry  Keliry. 
Alexander  Kelly. 
John  Ross. 
George  Ijogan. 
John  ('ord. 
James  Byard. 


Privates. 


Samuel  Fisher. 
Rol)ert  (jrruiiani. 
John  Gamble. 
Daniel  Marrit. 
Thomas  Elliott. 
Patrick  Kain. 
Alexander  Murray,  Esq, 
William   Erwin. 
Henry  Savage. 
Moses  Kirkpatrick. 
Peter  Patter.son. 
William  MoKee. 
Archibald  IMarrin. 
Robert  Cumins. 
Thomas  Willson. 
John  Knikead. 
Andrew  KinUead, 
Robert  Neelson. 


Eighth  Battalion. 


Captain. 
William  Findley. 

First  Lieutenant. 
All)ert  Torrence. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  Carr. 

Ensign. 
[Vacancy.  ] 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


601 


Henry  (toocI. 
Williiiin  Heiitty. 
l)(Mi.i»iiiiin  Davisi. 
Jacol)  8ni<ler. 
Patrick  Sullivan. 
William  Neal. 
John  MeNeal. 
Thomas  Drennan. 
Roljert  Erwin. 
John  l-'urveons. 
Saiinn^l  Henry. 
Robert  McNoe. 


Prioates. 

Robert  Thompson. 
William  IMcClenan. 
William  Lon^. 
John  (xaiT. 
William  Drenan. 
Georfje  Lowry. 
John  Cochran. 
l)avi«l  Parks. 
James  Moorhead. 
William  Torrence. 
Thomas  (Jowen. 


EIGHTH  CLASS  IN  SERVICE,  1778 

Cofont'L 
Abraham  Smith. 

Lieutt  iHtnt  CofoneL 
Hamnel  Ross. 

Major. 
James  McCamnnt. 

First  Battalion. 

Captain.. 
Charles  Maclay. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Rob»>rt  (^uif^Iey. 

Secii'tKl  Lii-atinant. 

William  Strain. 

Kii.sif/ii. 
John  Jiaiichland. 


Thomas  Morrah. 
James  Larher. 


I'riratt.s 

William  Kelly. 
;    William  T  h  o  ni  pson. 


m 


'4  ¥ 


eo9 


MISCELLANEOUS  HOLLS  OF 


William  Donald. 
William  fTilmore. 
James  Mackey. 
Neai  Judfje. 
Jacob  Fry. 
Alexander  Morraii. 
James  Wright. 
Jolin  McCiine. 
David  Wills. 
Robert  Mitchell. 
John  ^Vhite. 
Kichard  Morrah. 
William  Steel. 


Jolin  Carlisle. 
John  Wallace. 
Alexander  Happer. 
David  Mahaiin. 
John  Pjrwin. 
William  Montgomery. 
Aliraham  Smith. 
Thomas  McClelland. 
David  Wlierry. 
Samnel  Alitchell. 
Thomas  Snodgrass. 
Archiliald  Mahann. 
Robert  Johnson. 


Second  Battaliojj. 

Cajitnin. 
Charles  Leeper. 

First  Lieutenant. 
[Vacancy.  ] 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  McGinnefe,  "ordered  not  to  march.' 

Enaif/n. 
Samuel  Davidson.  ' 


Hugh  Trusdale. 
William  Lindsay. 
Andrew  (iallowy. 
John  Pollock. 
William  Brown. 
William  Love. 
(Teorge  Smyth. 
William  Henry. 
Andrew  Mitchell. 


Privates. 

James  McFarlin. 
Joshua  IVfarlin. 
Ralph  Lawson. 
Jacob  Kigly. 
John  Henry. 
Francis  Hurck. 
William  Deney. 
John  Mitchell. 
James  Lemon. 


Third  Battalion. 

Captain. 
Robert  Sander.son. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 

First  Lienteudut. 
Samuel  Aguew,  "ordered  not  to  inarrh." 

Second  Lh'utp}innt. 
Samuel  Huston. 

Ensiijii. 
Brooks,  ''ordt'i'cd  not  to  nuircli. 


U03 


Williaiu  <Tor(lon. 
James  Barr. 
Andrew  Crocket. 
Areliihald  Kerr. 
Robert   \oung. 
John  (rilkison. 
Henry  Wharton. 
James  Kennedy. 


Priciite.s. 

.John  Orr.  Jr. 
John  Love. 
Alexander  Willson. 
Jolin  Slnipson. 
John  ]Mart in. 
Jt)hii  Calhoun. 
Barnal)as  J>avei-ty. 
William  Drinnen. 


Thonifv-  A  '    inti. 
^'         .  I        .on. 
unel. 
nas        "idart. 
A;      ir  Bun-h field. 
l^avid  FJlison. 
Aclorus  Scouten. 
John  Brown. 
Datdel  Mei'leland. 
John  Anderson. 
William  ]\Iark. 
John  B(U'hanan. 


Fourth  Battalion. 

Captain. 
Robei't  McTeer. 

First  Lieutenant. 
John  McMahan. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Samuel  Arbuckle. 

Ensign. 
AVilliam  Reay. 

Pricates. 

John  MoCny. 
William  Thojupson. 
William  Orr. 
C^hristopher  Berackman. 
James  Mf)or. 
John  <  'ollens. 
John  ( 'rain. 
William  Chenet. 
Denis  (.'hristie. 
Edward  Erwin. 
Georire  White. 
George  Gray. 


'it'' 


M.   . 


m\ 


MIMdKI.I.AXKors  |{()M,S  Ol' 


Ni 


cliiH  Mint  CM. 
l'"ili('M<'/'<'r   I  ,i»rn\i'r. 

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.liilni    t 'diliiiiv 
'l'l\oni(i><  «  uiIIi'iIkh'. 
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K>lt.>r(    WiilU.T. 
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Wil 


;i\\\  ( "iiviiiiliim. 


.I.inii"^  Tun  lor 
S.nwiii'l  Mcl'llv  MiH'. 


.lulll)  H((>^•^•^. 
.Inlin   I'Imimh. 
.lani.'s  Kiit.llo,  Hr. 
.Iniiii'M  Wi'lls. 
.lolni  AndfTHoii 
.liniii'M  hiiK'H. 
.lu'm  H(i>iM'. 
Ilii^li  I  Icndi'i'soii. 
II   ii;li   Met  '(iniiicU. 
Willitiiii    Miii'lin 
l{i)lii>ft    M(>(')iliiuiiit. 

JlllMCH  <4il),m)||. 


I'llTII    MATTAMON. 

'  'npfttin. 
(George  Hi'll. 


hi ) !-l    l.ii  lilt  11(1  iif. 


.loscpli   \i)mi 


^V(■<>/^/  f.if  nil  limit. 
Mnrsliiil  Siiiiilry. 

Knst'f/ih 

.l.<lin  UrII. 


I'l  iruli  s. 


HolwM  t   Mori  in. 
ThoiiKi-  Wfiiltv 
UolxMM   t "liMn\l)crs. 
.lain. 


s  Conni'lv 


vtt'ori;-!'  Sliininij. 


riiarli 


'.!('( "n\<'n. 


MtMijiitnin  llall. 
havi.l  (fortlon. 
William   'rhompson. 
.loliu  Milli'ii'an. 
Suni.u'l  'itii'i*. 
.lo^rph    Wisihrook. 
.T«isi>ph  (\irl»it. 
.Ta'iir<  JohnxtoM. 
Knianiit'l  (loiislow. 


Tl 


iniilMs 


Hr 


!«:»,'• 


.\  It'Naiulcr  lUair. 
l-'raniMs  ( 'lark. 
Adam  Willson, 
.lanu's  Me  D.uvt'lj. 
llili;li  lifard. 
Mo^t's  ThimiitS'tn. 
Androw  L-<iiia.ll. 
.lames   \daniH. 
.T(>s('i)ti  Mill<>^an. 
.loliii  .V  Iford. 
.lann's  ( 'oritimrs. 
Patrick  Nn^cnt. 
Ht'iif\   Montno;  ii. 
IN't.T  Alh>n. 


ASSOCIATOHM  ANI»  .MIM  TIA. 


.|i>llM     liU'WII. 
fSitllMK'l    (i  ri.'l' 

Williniii   IhiKlmi. 
.loliit  <  'lily. 
.loiiM  I  'niiiplii'll 


W 


III  III 


Ivi'll 


Ctllrli    I'tirscI  III 

iMiil  ( lii'W  Kfilfv 


U' 


I'i'i'l    A  imIi'I'^'iu 


.lull  11     W'iiihI 


UuIm-iI    KiiKJHay. 
Ali'vniiiii'i'  Miiliniiii 
AIi'MiihIi'I'  Kiili't'tMuii 

WoImtI    Mc(  'jcjliillil 


I) 


II  \'i<i 


I  ill  IT. 


HiiiiiMi  Wiiiili 

.iollll     I  'l  lllll|ll  Mil. 

.lojiii  I(iiIm>i'Isuii. 
Hii(^li  Mi'^ill. 


005 


% 


M 


f*j<*a 


«<•-; 


ii*  * 


T 


.l(»st'|»li  Kiclii'v. 
Hciijmiiiii  .IcITtTii's. 
Williiiiii   lliisiuii. 
Ciirisi  iini  I'ryly. 
W  illiii  III  .Iiiicf, 
<  Miiirlt's  lliiidi'ii. 
Wiiliiiiii  ( 'oliiini, 

'l'l|nlll/is    Ki'lllli'ijy, 

Williiiiii  M.-Kiiill,  .]i 
Mill  t  lit'w  N'mili'iir. 
Kolirrt  Ciildwi'll. 
<J('iir^;'r  I'ltiiH'ry. 
Juiiit  KirUput  I'ii^U. 


SIXTH    r.A'n'AMoN. 

f  'ii/i/iii II- 
.Iollll  iM''*  '<»iiii"l. 

IHlnl     hi'  nil  nil  III ■ 
.Fm-.i|iIi   I  i\v  ill 

Si  iilllll     l.illlll  lllllll. 

.Iiiiiu'm  IMcI'ii  I'iiii''. 

/''lis  11/ II 

lllltfil   Allisnn 
I'lirnli  s. 

.I'lllll    lilll'il. 
.lllllK'S    (tlflT. 

Joliii  WiilU.'i 
A  IcMiii'lfi'  ( I  ilt^iisl 
Ivlw.tnl   W.'lrh 
.lohii   I  li'iiiji  1^1)11 
.luliti  Mi'<  'ill y. 
,)('|'*miiimIi  KniiUiii. 
Williiiiii   MiiylMii. 
.lolih   liiiii'il. 
.)(>si'|.li    MiU'lit  II 

A  |l'.VUIl<lfl     l{i>ln'IlH(ill. 


if  . 


.^^n  ;  • 


KohiTt    llt'lllV. 


BF<:VENTII    HA'rrALlo.N 


'n 


('(iptiiili. 
ioiiiti-<  ( 'link. 


% 


GOfi 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


James  Offleer. 

Robert  Wiley. 
Saiiiul  Harnhill. 
Jaiues  Cai'st)ii. 
John  McKebe. 
William  Kerr. 
Henry  Skivinton. 
Robert  Murray, 
.loiin  A[c(;nrry. 
.Iosei)ii  Kilpatrick. 
Willinm  Mnri)liy. 
Mattliew  Mcliride. 
Mioliael  WaJter.s. 
John  Wrifj;ht. 
William  MoKebe. 
William  T^oijan. 
Thomas  Townslev 


Fir  fit  Lieutenant. 
William  Neelson. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Samuel  Whitacre. 

Ensign. 
Tliomas  Watson. 

I^tivares. 

Ueorge  Dougla.x. 
John  Cree. 
Robert  Holliday. 
Robert  CiarretT. 
John  Mitchell. 
Josepli  l*atten. 
Joseph  ShieUls. 
Matthew  Mr.rrison. 
Miehael  Haskins. 
Alexander  Maxwell. 
Geor;^*'  ^liller. 
Ri('liar<l  Stuard. 
.John  White. 
Andrew  MeKee. 
.lamse  Mi^Kebe. 
Thomas  ^[elntire. 
Joseph  Shari). 
John  Me(;iinto('h. 


EKfHTH    liATTAlJON. 

(Jaj)t(iiv. 
John  Ren. 

First    l.ieutiiKiul. 
Thoiims  Wallaoe. 

Sninul  JJeutcnaiit, 
f  Vafinicv.] 

I'Jnsi(jn. 
Henrv  RalfsnichM". 


Joseph  MrClintock. 
Robert  Foreman. 


I 'ri  rales. 

Caldwell. 

William  Still. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


Matthew  Joivlan. 
William  Rankin. 
Robert  Stuard. 
William  Gass. 
.James  Mc(Jray. 
.James  Hart 
.rohn  Willson. 


Robert  Work. 
Torrence  Campbell. 
Peter  Fry. 
Jacol)  Stephens. 
John  liong. 
John  Wallace. 


007 


Ml 


ft 


m 


n 


1  ; 


IN  SEKVICE  JULY,  1778. 


By  order  of  Council  for  ye  first  and  second  Classes  ye  s«'cond 
Tour  for  Three  liundred  Men  to  ye  Standing  Stone.  Dated  at 
Philadelphia.  Jidy  14,  17TS. 

Field  Officers. 

Colonel. 

Samuel  Dunlap. 

Mijitr. 
Samuel  Hrwin. 


,'«  A 


FIRST  liATTALION. 

C(ipfi>iii. 
Thomas  Askey. 

Ff'i'nt   Lieutenant. 
.Alexander  Nicholas. 

i^hrolid  J.ii  litflliint . 

Samuel  Walker. 


Thomas  Martin.  W.  S. 
George  Hamilton. 
.I«)ini  Hrown. 
J(,seph  Ferguson. 
Rol)ert  Anderson. 
Jolni  Hagelby. 


William  Stiphinscm. 
.lolin  Ree<l. 
Samuel  Witherow. 
Michael  Miller. 
Wiiiter  Davis. 


■It 


608 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Jacol)  Jniniier. 
Joseph  Mit('heJ. 
Jiiiiies  Me(Jliiron. 
William  Clief^iiut. 
Tiioiiwis  Dunbar. 
Andrew  Sliitly.  . 
Jolin  IMuckwootl. 


SECOND  BATTALION. 

Captain. 
Jaiiie.s  Doiif^las. 

Prioutes. 

Joliti  Hall. 

Wiiliaiii  (TJliespie. 

Joliii  Kerr, 

Asa  Hill. 

John  ( 'arithers,  Jr 

Thomas  Mosgrove. 


John  MoMeen. 
James  AIcKinly. 
Anthony  Book. 
Josi'[)h  .\(lair. 
Thomas  (rarven. 


THIRD  BATTALION. 

Cii})1ain. 
.lohu  MoTeer. 

First   Lieutenaitt. 
Joshua  Junkiu. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  Ford. 

En.siiin. 
Samuel  Long. 

Pi  icates. 

James  i'onng. 
Moses  Brown. 
Barnabas  Donald. 
Samuel  Henderson. 


FOURTH  BATTALION. 

Captain. 
John  Williams. 

^irst   Lieutenant. 
Jacob  Hayuiug. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 

.  Seeond  Lieutenant. 

John  Brown. 

Ejit  ign. 
Henry  (tillpfspie. 

Privates. 


609 


Tlionias  Diller. 
Benjiiniiu  <."ooen. 
.John  Honer. 
Hiiijh  Hardy. 
John  RithliJ. 
Henry  Martin. 
Andrew  Killinger. 
yy!van^l^*  Mo.-;*. 
William  Thoiiip.son. 
Miitliias  Ki.'^sler. 
Jaiiie?"  Patten. 
John  McClure. 


Alexander  <Tiasloril. 
Charles  Herger. 
Jonathan  Moor. 
James  Wilison. 
James  Forsythe. 
Sanniel  Otter. 
Isaac  Lewis. 
Philip  Clinton. 
Gal)riel  Fry. 
JsH'id)  Kissler. 
John  Calver. 


'Vi,:! 


'  » i  a 


FIFTH   BATTALION. 


.John  Davise. 
William  Haird. 
Rol)ert  Elliot. 
Janiesj  Gold. 


Captain. 
Alexander  McCoy. 

Pricates. 

Edmund  Ritoheson. 
Arthur  Nut^ent. 
Benjamin  Brown. 
Christian  Martin. 


John  Kirk. 
Nicholas  Tintone. 
3!»-VoL.  .KV. 


SIXTH  BATTALION. 

8eco))(/  I.i'iitfiiant. 
David  Shield.s. 

Ensign. 
John  DieUey. 

I'fit'ati  s. 

.Tames  Irvine. 
Robert  Grav. 


It  '■  'X 


ti      *!' 


610 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Andrew  Snider. 
John  Newell. 
SVilliam  Thompson. 
JatiiHs   Leonard. 
Jiinies  Irviuf'. 
Jt)hn  Stewart. 


John  Cnnnin^liaio. 
Janien  fTUtJn'v. 
William  Stephson. 
John  Smith. 
John  McMullen. 


SEVENTH  BATTALION. 


William  Robertson. 
Alexander  Aikins. 
Hugh  Evans. 
Robert  Purdy. 
Kol)ert  Walker. 
.Tames  Baxter. 
(ieorge  Bidille. 


Captain. 
James  Fislier. 

First  Lieutenant. 
David  Marshal. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  Simonton. 

Ensif/n. 
Allen  Neesbit. 

Private  n. 


Robert  Boge. 
John  Campbell, 
(ieorfje  Brown,  Jr. 
Isnae  Sainoj-. 
James  Ardc^ry. 
,Ia,mes  Meanah. 
Edwanl  Nicholson 


EIGHTH  BATTALION. 


William  Jack. 
William  Morrow. 


First  Lieutenant. 
James  Brotherinton. 

Ensif/n. 
Robert  Snodgrass. 

Private.*!, 


Nioliolas  Jieek. 
Jacob  Lawmuu. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


IX  SErtYICE  JULY,  1778 


AtxIrt'W  MfViiiit'. 
Williiuii  ('lurk. 
.Idlin  (raiiv'l. 
JaiiiHM  tShminon. 
Nathan  ^[(•.( 'olloch. 
.loliii  ( 'iimiiiiurt. 
Isaac  Miner. 


Culotiel. 
Thomas  Gibson. 

LieuteiKinf  Coloufh 
Kol)ert  Cuthbert.son. 

Mttjitr. 
Roherr  Taylor. 

FIRST  I5ATTALI0N. 


i'(il)tain. 
tSaniut'l  Feiiton. 

First  ^Ijieittoiaiit. 
David  Anderson. 

Second  Lhutt-Udut. 
William  Alexander. 

Kioiijiu. 
Thonuis  Mortf>n. 

Vritates. 

Thomas  Clark. 
William  (tuin. 
Hu^h  McHeney. 
John  Mair. 
.John  Work. 
William  Wooils. 


SEiMJND  BATTALION. 

First  Litntfnant. 
JaiiieH  David^^un. 


Oil 


A  h 


\ 


.,f  1 91i(' 


II 


y 


619 


MISCElJiAiNEOUS  ROLLS  OF 

Ensign. 
William  Woods. 


William  Smiloy. 
('liailt's  Uoaii. 
William  RIcClure. 
William  RtM'tl. 
Roboit  Till  on  I 


Pn'raks. 

Coiinxl  Jiimpcr. 
Joseph  Kdiiionson. 
(icoif^c  M<'(  'hire. 
William  (.jalltreiitlt 


THIRD  BATTALlOiN. 


John  Hrison. 
Martin  Herinnii. 
Thomas  Hciidfrson. 


J'h'iuiti's. 

Williatn  IMcIMfcii. 
Joshua  Armst  ron^f. 


44--%- 


FOURTH    liATTALlON 

('apt  a  in. 


V 

David  }^)\vl. 

' 

Sei-oiid  Jjifiifduint. 

Samuel  Hnlin^. 

Knsi(]ti. 
Abram  Willson. 

^ 

Privates: 

iioorirti  Grimes. 

Abraham  Parker. 

RanoUl  Chaml)t>r8. 

William  Work. 

( 

Thomas  I\L'Roy. 

Georj^e  Foots. 

V 

, 

.lanu's  l^^rwin. 

John  Onnnintjhnm. 

' 

1 

David  Steel. 

Frederick  Swagerty. 

i 

Simon  Snialy. 

John  liowen. 

1 

i 

Joliii  Patterson. 

Samn.'l  Tlidl. 

■' 

i 

Anthony  Trimer. 

John  Robertson. 

FIFTH  HATTALION 

First  Lieut)  iiaiit. 

1 

1 

1 
1 

Andrew  Briggs. 

ASSOCIATURS  AND  MILITIA. 


John  McDadt'. 
John  (.)hv(*r. 
VVilhiim  Aloivlaud. 
Duiicaii  (Janieron. 
William  IVIartiii. 
Kilward  MrSwinc 
James  Hrf)\vn. 
William  Miller. 
Joiiu  8i^li'i*. 


Privates. 


Robert  McHar^. 
Andrew  8hara. 
Hu^h  Hut<on. 
Uilbert  Vangh. 
William  IJoyd. 
John  ih-own. 
Janu-H  ( lalhonn. 
Roi)ert  Allison. 
Jotin  bcott. 


013 


\M 


mi 

•I 


Thomas  Kirk. 
William  Thompson. 
David  Lon{^. 
Andrew  Walker. 
Thomas  McHeny. 
Nathaniel  Mitchel. 
Archibald  Fouler. 


SIXTH   BATTALION. 

Cdplain. 
Patrick  Jack. 

First   Lieutenant. 
John  Orbison. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  Welnh. 

Ensi<jn. 
William  Ramsey. 

Privates. 

Robert  Sloan. 
Jolm  Hawes. 
Williniii  Mitchel. 
Johnston  Eliot. 
Jaines  Mitchei. 
James  Mitchel,  ;jd. 


i;      \ 


SEVENTH  BATTALION. 


Cap/ain. 
James  ]*ower. 

First  Ljieutenant. 
Thomas  Fisher. 


614 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


' 


Htcond  Lieuttnun t. 
William  Murray. 

Eniii(jn. 
Archibald  Loiulon. 


Geortjt^  Hamilton. 
Wiliiaiii  Klliot. 
D.iniel  MulhoUeu. 
Alt'.vaiiiler  Cliirk. 
Danit'i  Mc(!lintock. 
Samuel  (jlass. 
J)avi(l  Baird. 
Samut'l  Byer.s. 
Robert  Clark. 


Privalts. 

James  Smith. 
William  McC'onnel. 
John  (Jralord. 
Johii  Barker. 
Thoiiiiis  McK.e. 
William  McCoy. 
Benjamin  Hillhou8e. 
Patrick  Killham. 
ArchibaUl  Kiucade, 


EIGHTH  BATTALION. 


Captain. 
J  )hn  Jack. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Jacob  Foreman. 

Second  Lienttnant. 
Jame:^  McWilliams 

Privates. 


Roljert  Erwin. 
Samuel  Moose. 
(iHoi'ge  (ford on. 
James  Boreland. 
John  Free.se. 
James  Lang. 
AVilliam  McWright. 


Samuel  Statler 
James  (-freer. 
John  (freer. 
Charles  Garacher 
Abraham  (Jraft. 
Leonard  Stal. 


ASSOC  I  AT( /Its  AND  MILITIA. 


IN  SEIIVICE  JULY,  1778. 


Fitl<l  offlner-s. 

(Ji)l')ii(-i. 

William  (Jlmiui)erH. 

Lietitenant  Colonel. 
TlioiiuiH  Toi-bett. 

Major. 
Carimhaii. 


615 


:|^i' 


Thomas  Nox. 
Andrew  iJall. 
James  Montgomery. 
.Tames  Russel. 
Robert  Walker. 
Neal  Danghei'ty. 
Robert  Turner. 


FIRST  BATTALION 

(Uij)taiii. 
Noah  Abraham. 

First   Lieutenant. 
Richard  Coulter. 

Ensign. 
Nathan  St(?venson. 

Privates. 

James  Hamilton. 
William  Love. 
Patrick  J)augherty. 
Jolin  Millerons. 
John  Mahaun. 
John  Rol*esou. 


John  Blackburn. 
John  McCurdy. 


SECOND  BATTALION, 

Privates. 

William  Lyon,  Esq. 
George  McGonnegle. 


61« 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 


THIRD  BATTALION 

Captain. 
James  Floul. 


Robert  Ciinnin^liaiii. 
Samuel  Gnthbcrtsoii. 
James  Laird. 
Alexander  Crocket. 
James  Oliver. 
A  mire  w  Armstronj^. 
Richard  friisteiie. 
James  Sloan. 


Pri  cafes.  ''' 

William  Walker, 
Simon  I'innajje. 
Andrew  MeHalTey. 
John  Worndy. 
Andrew  Krwin. 
Joseph  Mct.'hire. 
David  lioyd. 
William  (iaddis. 


John  Ivwin. 
John  ^IcKeever, 
John  Williams. 
Daniel  Hurley. 


FOURTH  BATTALION. 

iSecon>/  JjientfiKint. 
Neal  McCoy. 

Prioates. 

Daniel  Hurley. 
.)ose{)h  Carbury. 
George  B!air. 
James  Henderson. 


James  Dickson. 
Robert  Boyle, 
lohn  Baird. 
Robert  Kenady. 
Joseph  Wissbey. 
Joseph  Colter. 
John  Taylor. 


FIFTH  BATTALION. 

First  Lieutenant. 
.lames  Dickson. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Thomas  Blnir. 

Privates. 

Robert  Hutcheson. 
John  Lyon. 
Joseph  rralloway. 
Rf»bert  Cami)l)ell. 
David  Cars  well. 
Samuel  Caver. 


ASSOCIATOKS  A>D  iMIJJTIA. 


SIXTH  BATTALION. 

(Jnpfaiii. 
SamiM'l  Patt«'ii. 

^Second  Lifilt>-)iniit. 
Ezt'kk'l  Suiiiplc. 


AfosHs  Pauf^lnTty. 
Willifiiii  l*)it  ttTSoii. 
Jolm  Mattliiiis,  weaver. 
Natluiri  McDowell. 
Tiioiiias  Howard. 
Wiliiaiii  ypi'ir. 
Henjaiuiu  Eiliot. 
Williaiii  Lowre,  .Tr. 
A Ijraham  Ro.senbury. 


Pticfitf-s. 

(iideori  John. 
Joseph  Ariu.stioujj. 
Thomas  Kiukcad. 
John  iJrantl. 
Henry  Williamson. 
Henry   ^larshal. 
John  MfKinney. 
Wiliiani  Kohert.son. 


SEVENTH  BATTALION. 

(Japtaiii. 
Robeit  Sanderson. 


617 


"I 


^ 


^'^l 


•■■  ■■  \; 


Robert  MoKeb 


Pricates. 

David  Mof*lure,  Esq. 


EIGHTH   FiATTALION. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Adam  Harnionv. 


Samuel  McColloch. 
William  Sharp. 


Privates. 

George  Lamb. 


hi 


mti 


Ml8i  i;!  I,AMHM  M  nnl,l,s!  n|i' 


IN   Rl'ia  111    .in  \     lrT« 


\^i\\  ill  Mivnuhiur 


John  Hri-iVTi. 


A  v.,  Hill 

.1<  hn  Tuvtyov 

UohiM  t    Nli'plliMJXOM. 

Willirtiw  Kouuoy. 

.Irti'oh  Atoliijwou. 
Srtmm^l  Mitohol 


^jMMI•M    ji'l  MTI'IV 

.tnlili   Hm((I< 
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MI'Imu'I  <  'iiilUir 

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Mis(M<:i.LAN icons  uoiw.s  or 


iSVi'(,ii</   IJi  nil  Hdiif. 


w 


«'Hn  Wilson. 


nine 


l>i.-U 


'Oil. 


William  llolit. 


,u<l 


wick 


V.-t. 


MiUllu'w  Taylor. 
Tlionias  (  dllciis. 
Davi.l  WalU.T. 


H 


'It  Sniitli. 


.Iniiit's  MtM  'oy. 
tSaniUfl  l"'raiinttoii 


Knsi(/n. 
•lolui    liolll 


J'l  ii'tid s. 


David  St  .'.I. 
John  Ki'own. 
.\lt'\Minl<'r  McNilt. 
ICIi.jali  ( 'arMwcll. 
.Joiiii  'rannir. 
,|olui   Ihif^ans. 
■loini  Miusdm. 
Thomas  .Miiohcll. 


SIXTH   HATTAI.ION. 


f  '(i/if(ii)i. 
I'att 


lanii' 


on. 


l'"ri>ii('ri('U  Paras, 
(fcoij^^c  Hcin'tit'ltl. 
Hohcit  l\»>rr. 


Pi  i rut  I  s 


.lames  Swan. 
Andrew    Maird. 
(Mnirit's  ( 'iinmiins 


SKVbNTll    M.VTTALION. 


i^V  ('(uif/  I, if  nt<  nant- 
Sauuiel  Sluiw. 


J'lh'dfrs. 


.T«>lm  .Mcrnllt>st»M-, 
James  Mo<'alst«'r. 


^r 


t»St'S 


Isaac  Winu. 


t'ren. 


F,I(*HTH   HATTAIJON. 


/'n'rtiff. 
Hu«li  (rnlT. 


1:!! 


AHHOClATons  AM)  MILITIA. 


m 


0T^MI5i:HLANl)  COl'NTV   MIIJTTA,  177H 


I  Persons     ill    iicliiiil    st-i-vicc,    cliirllv    n-    Milisl  it  ill t-.s,    (liiriiiif 
( lirct"  sc  VI 'III  I  culls  <  r  I  iiiifs  in  11  ir  \iiiv  ITis.  | 

I^IKS'i'   CAM.. 


.loliii  llnnni>ri)\ 
WillifHii  (  'itnrl. 

'rilOimis  Srckrt  t. 

.loliii  Ifarniiill. 
A  I'l'liilitiiil  Mart  in 
Willium  (";'•! 
.Iof«'|>li  Al    rniiif' r. 
Pill  lick     itoiniKi. 
Willium  Hiiliiit'i. 
.losrpli  NncUci  f 


/'Va.sV    fldltn/i'ni. 

.ioliii  Still. 


J'nt  lick  W.l.liiiK 


W 


illiain 


K.'li' 


.loiili  <  toi'tioii. 
AikIii'w  ( 'iiiiiiiiiiiM, 
.loilll  TmIc. 
A  Ic.vninliT  M((  '((iiiiif! 


jiinics 


.liisl  i( 


Diivjij  iMdi-iisuii 
Wolicrt   iSurnliill 


Sii<)ii(/(i)i(l  Tliii<l  liiitliil i"iis. 


Williiiin  iMc|)(iniihi. 
Diiiiit'l  Doti^lH'Pty. 
Adiini  .liinkii*. 
.loscpli  I'liislosv. 
Ilfiiry    I'dstcl. 
Joseph  Kirk. 
A  rcliil>Ml(l  <  'iiinplx'll. 
'I'll. .inns  Ciinipl).'!!. 
Mat  1  lieu    HoLfi-rs. 
Kviin  Miii.scal. 
Mill  t  hew  ( 'ninniiiiH. 
.\n(lfe\v   Donniild. 
.lames  >>tatl'oril. 


William  Wills., n. 
J'atrinU  Lnv.rty. 
Joliii  Moor, 
.fohn    Poinnian. 
Saninei   Mill.-r. 
llol...rt   MiK-lM^i. 
William  (tillespJH. 
.lames  ( 'iippies. 
Hiimnel  Mctii'e. 
Arcliilial.l  Mart  in. 
'J'lnnnas  ( 'nnnini^lia.in. 
Nicholas  Hrav 


Daniel  .Murphy 

Fdiirtfi  (ind  Fil'lh  liiiti,,ii,,iis 
.I()l\n  Anth'ison  Mark  .McDoweJ 

.\.  (ilass.  (tt'orye  Dornian. 

I?ol>ert  ('ai-naiiaii  ( 'hai-le-  ('lariv. 

.lohn  .M(M'lean  l)a\  id  ( 'la  vton. 

Charh'S  McGownn  Captain  WillianiH, 


■ 


\ 


I 


lii 


(jiii 


MISrF:LLANKOUS  ROLLS  OF 


lli<-liar(i  (Juuuiughain. 
Miittliew  Neelj', 


Patrick  Killen. 
BarthokdiH'w  J)avis. 
John  Cole. 
Jt>seph  Davis. 
Neai  McCoy. 
Tlioinas  Adam. 
Alexander  Reetl. 


David  JcnkinM. 
.lolin  Wijj;al. 
James  Burns. 
Oeorge  J.,o\vdon. 
A  lexander  (lordon 
.liimt's  Robertson. 
Patrick  Cowen. 
Robert  Clark. 
William  Kllwood. 
Robert  8t  (laril. 


Hixth  Battalion. 

Hans  Lackey. 
Patrick  Hi^jgins. 

Seventh  liattalhm. 

Alexander  Eaknian. 
Samuel  (!ole. 
Jo.  u  Davis. 
John  Pickens. 
John  Meloy. 
Thomas  Woodward. 

Kif/hth  IiattaHnH: 

William  Snnth. 
William  Jones. 
William  INlentootli. 
Moses  McCirew. 
Jsathaniel  I'oints. 
George  McHeney. 
David  Linch. 
Robert  Dorman. 
Walker  Sess. 
Daniel  liaverv. 


SECOND  CALL. 

First  linttalion. 
ThoiiiMs  llerr.  William  Witherow. 

Secotiff  and  Tliird  li(itt(//i>ins. 
William  Jauu^son.  John  Thompson. 


Joseph  Mes^er. 
Christian  l^rauen. 
Thouuis  ( 'onner. 
John.  .\rmstr«)n<c. 


William  I,()V». 
William  Thomas. 
David  Cochran. 


Foiirth  <in<l  Fiftii  Jiat fa/ions. 
John  Killen.  Nathaniel  Moon. 

Si,v(/i  littttnlioii. 
John  (.'aghey.  James  Brown. 

Stcfnth  lUiifalioti. 
Samuel  Findlev. 


ASSOCIATOKS  Ay  I)  MILITIA. 


(i2:5 


Thomas  DriiuMi. 
William  Hardtv 
E<hvar<i  Mener. 
John  Neal. 
Jamets  Mc(Traw. 


Ei(jlitli  Battaluni. 

Peter  Ciirtai-ii. 
AbraliJiiii  Fisher. 
Josi'ph  Clark. 
Neal  Dougherty. 


Samnel  Miller. 
.\rc'liil)al(i  Martin. 
Joseph  Huh  lee. 


THIKI)  TALL. 

First  Jiattdlian. 

Antlrew  Donald. 
John  <TU(lTner. 
Andrew  Gnll)reath. 


Rol)ert  <'ue. 
Robert  Nelson. 
I'atriek  Lavertv. 


Peter  Daily, 
.lunies  Hoss. 
Hol)ert  (Tarrel. 


Second  and  Third  lidffalions. 

William  Ihirnsides 
Joini  Stuart. 
James  liUick. 

Fourth  and  Fifth,  luittalions 

John  i\r;'Nair. 
John  Devcr. 
Charles  Murraw 


John  ( 'aswell. 
Thomas  Mclntire. 
.Arehihald  iNfarron. 
John  Cumpl)ell. 

Thomas  Crotte. 
William  MeNah. 
John  Herry. 
Robert  Foreman. 


Heveuth  Jiattalion. 

Alexander  O^d'  n. 
Thomas  ^IcCdlom. 
Joseph  Sharj>. 

Eiijhth    /{id /a/ in,,. 

Isaac  Hran. 
Morii'  Meiiiaw. 
Roliert  Stooph. 
(-ttMtiX'"  Lovvdf'n. 


CUMBERLAND  C()F.^T^    -UILITIA   OFFl'   KRS.   iTTf 


Jnnn's  Dnnlap. 
.\i thur  Hni'iianan 
Frederick  Watt:-. 


•^  'i  Ctithhert-(in 

J  i;..iiias  (iilison 


"'it  'J 


i 


<i24 


Samuel  p]rwin. 


AlexJiiKler  Peoples. 
Matthew  (Ti'egg. 
John  Williams. 
George  Crawford. 
Joliii  Triiidlc. 
William  McClure. 
William  Huston. 
Thomas  (lib.son. 
Rol)ert  Snnderson. 
\Villiam  CTrimes. 
Thomjis  Kenedy. 
John  Lamb. 
William  J^onaldson. 
William  lilaine. 
James  Adam. 
Walter  Denny. 
Charles  McCIay. 

Rhea. 

]^ole. 

FrtMh'rick  Taylor. 
Edward  CTraliam. 

John  Rarr. 
IsiiMc  Miller. 
William  Willlum.s. 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
John  Work. 

Majors. 

James  McCamon. 
Quarterina.ster. 
John  Seott. 
Captains. 

Patriek  Jack. 
Alexander  IMeKay. 
Tiiomas  Askey. 
Samuel  Royer. 
I^'oah  Abraham. 
John  Campbell. 
Josepli  ('uthberson 
Jonathan  Rol)erts()n. 
John  Jaek. 
Robert  Shannon 
James  Power. 
James  Jiaird. 
William  Sanch^rsoUo 
John  Elliot. 
IMiilip  Mathias. 
Charles  liceper. 
William  Fin.Uey. 
James  l^fpConnal. 
Jajncs  l"'isher. 
Ht'ury  Taylor. 
Robert    MeTeer. 

Lieutenants. 

Jost^ph  .Tunt^iii. 
John  Nelson. 


SUBSCRIPTIONS  FOR   AS80(^IATORS    OF    I^HILADEI,- 

PH  1  .\. 


(The  paper  fr)llo\ving  is  a  co[)y  of  tlin  orifrlnal  subsc^riptiuli 
form  issued  in  May,  lT7."i.  l)y  tlie  City  Couimiticc  dt  Iiisi)ec- 
tidii  an<l  Observation  for  i'hila.dclphia,  the  «»biect  being  In 
provide  a  fund  for  the  Mii)port  o|  the  HartHlions  then  recently 
or^ranized.  As  a  jiarl  of  the  history  of  t  he  war  for  Independence 
it  is  worth  pri-ervati<»n  m  this  c  inneetion.  1 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


G-35 


C.'oininittee  (JliJiiiiber,  J/«^  24,  1775. 

Whereas  the  public  Burthens,  in  support  of  the  Association 
lately  entered  into  in  this  city  fall  very  heavy  and  partially  <m 
the  liberal  and  spirited:  Resolved,  theretore,  that  it  is  the 
Duty  of  every  Freeman  (those  who  are  conscientiously  scrupu- 
lous only  e.\cei)ted)  either  to  join  in  Military  Assocations,  or 
to  contril)Ute  to  the  su[)pi)rt  and  assistanot^  of  those  wiio  do  ; 
and  tor  that  Pur[)ose  the  Members  of  this  Committee  taklnj^ 
to  their  assistance  such  ofltcers,  in  their  respective  wards,  as 
will  attend  them  on  this  service  do  offer  to  eacli  Housekeeper, 
or  other  able  IVrson,  the  followiufj  sul)scriptionfe  : 

We,  the  supscribers,  do  promise  to  pay  to  Lambert  (Jadwal- 
ader,  Captain  of  The  Company,  of  tSaid  wai'd  the  sums  of 
money  annexed  t(j  our  respective  names,  to  be  ])aid  over  into 
the  hands  of  a  Treasurer,  to  be  appointed  by  the  Field  otlicers 
of  all  the  liattalions;  by  him  to  be  divided  into  three  equal 
J^arts,  one  to  each  liattalion,  and  then  api>lied  by  the  Field 
oilicers  of  such  Battalion,  accordinj^  to  the  K.xif^ency  of  their 
respective  comi)anies,  in  i)ayin}j  the  several  Persons  for  Instruc- 
tion and  Attendance,  Colours,  J)rums,  Drummers  and  Fife>'S, 
in  the  lirst  place;  tlien  in  assisting  those  Associators  who  are 
unable  to  provide  themselves  wirli  Arms.  Accoutrements,  and 
Clothing. 

We.  who.-e  names  are  hereunto  j^nbscribed,  do  aj^ree  to  the 
al)ove,  and  do  respectively  promise  to  pay  the  several  sums  an- 
nexed toour  luimes,  for  the  usesand  Purposes  above  expressed. 

I'ersims  Xain'.s.  Sum  /»/■  Week.        IStini  Ad ranucd, 

Thomas  Ca.lwalader, 

Captain  Charles  8tuart, 

Mr.s  Johnson, 

Miss  .lohnson. 

Miss  Watso:i. 

Patrick  Miller, 

.Tohn  (vottringer 

^Ir.s.  Ritchie. 

Mrs.    Hopkinson. 

Mr.   Humphreys, 

Mr.  Jone.->, 

l>aniel  Hmith, 

( 'apfain  Timnu)ns, 
John  La.d   Howell, 
,Ta>*ies  Haiiiilton.  Ksq., 
.!-[,.  P-  it. 
Cliarles  Marshall, 

40- Vol.  XV 


10> 

Three  pountl.s. 

2s. 

20Shiiling.s. 

2s. 

Od. 

20  Shillings. 

2.S 

Od. 

20  Shillipgs. 

2s. 

Gd. 

5  Shillings. 

Is 

5  Shilling>. 

ys. 

30  Shillings. 

2s. 

Od. 

22s.  OtI.   Three  Dollars 

2s. 

0(1. 

7s.  Oil.     One  Dollar. 

7s. 

Od. 

Three  pounds. 

Is. 

Ten  Shillings. 

3s. 

Thirty  Shillings. 

•")*. 

Forty-live  Shillings. 

2s. 

Od. 

Twenty  Shillings. 
Three  Pounds. 
Twelve  ]'oun«is. 
Twelve  I'ounds. 
Three  Pound>. 

Total, 


£47.  Ijs. 


411 MU I 


^  14,1 

!,„l  'ifS 


fi| 


62C 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 


l^lt'nse  to  i)ay  To  C'aptaiii  Dnlauy  the  suiii  of  forty-seven 
pounds  lifteeu  shillijigs,  the  collection  J'or  South  Ward  as 
above. 

Jf>HX   CADVVAIiAnKH. 

To  Mr.  John  Nksbit, 

April  L"),  IT70. 


CAPTAIN  ROLAND  S  ( COMPANY- 1TT5. 


TJie  Assoeiotors  of  Leacock  toicnship,  JAiiicaster  connti/,  htlnnfi- 
iu(j  to  Captain  Roldnd^s  Compani/.  A.ssuviated  Ht/i  day  of 
July,   1775. 


James  Scott  [in  Leacock^. 
Henry  8wope. 
(xt-orge  Lyne. 
Aliralmm  Lyne. 
Stotle  Weaver. 
Sicinont  Shower. 
Daniel  Swope. 
Joseph  T^iggart. 
David  Center. 
William  I^yne. 
Peter  El)y. 
Peter  Eby,  Jr. 
Jact)b  Hauler. 


John  Roland. 
John  Moor. 
Adam  Swope. 
Henry  Foltz. 
Cieorge  Finfrock. 
Martin  Hillar. 
Adam  Rombarger. 
Jacob  Bear  [listed]. 
John  Hotts. 
Adam  Hoofstetter. 
Samuel  Eby. 
John  Hiller. 
Henrv  El) v. 


Emanuel    Carpenter  [of   &irl     Patrick    Connel     [of     Leai-nck 


townshij)]. 
William  McCormick  [liste<l] 
John    Creake    [in    Lampeter 

township]. 
William  Shellar  [in  I^ampeter 

townshij)]. 
John  Eby. 
Jacob  Swope. 
Davitl  Lyne. 
Henry  Foltz,  Jr. 
John  Maxvel. 
Bolsar  Rombarger. 
IMarteen  Maxvel,  Jr. 
James  Hamilton. 
Henry  Wenger  [SenerJ. 
Peter  Harngut. 

Endorsed, 


toAvnshipl. 

John  Scott  [in  Lampetei-  town- 
ship). 

David  Crawford  [in  Lampeter 
township]. 

George  Lambert. 

John  Suavely. 

Jacob  Harngut. 

Aphraeiu  Hear. 

Philip  Sliower. 

Hugh  McDonel. 

Jacob  Maxvel. 

Cieorge  Hard. 

James  Learns  [lisre<l]. 

John  Foltz. 

Mr.  .loHN  FEnuKK.  Couxkl. *' 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


CAPTAIN  HA^S    COM  PA  NY- 1770. 


637 


From  "All  accouuf  of  inomy  jiaiil  hi/  ('a/)f(u'n  Huij.s"  of  Noith- 
ainpton  roKiiti/,  "to  his  ijoni^muij  in  tin  ('iti/  of  Pliiladelphia  of 
their  ntouthlij  wants  jxri'l  Dectmbt/  27,  1770,"  ire  iiace  tlie  Jol- 
loioiim  roll  of  /lis  rijiiijiaiii/  : 


('aptain. 
Robert  Ha\>. 

Lieutenant. 
William  ( '(irutliHi>,  (lischarjftMl  Jaiiimry  u.  1777. 

Ensiijn. 
Thomas  Horner. 

Pricates. 

.lames  Doak.  Kol)ert  Lattiniore. 

Wiliiaiii  Matlit.  Michael  Malloy. 

Alexander  V'aiihan.  William  Kaiins. 

John   ( 'lyde,  (liseliar^jed  Jan-  Thomas  Herron. 

nary  17,  1777.  John  Horner. 

■James  LaTtiiiiore.  John  Walker. 

IrJenjamui  Stuart.  Josepli  IJkens. 

INloses    Campbell,    discharfied  I>aniel  MeMidhn. 


January  17,  1777. 
John  McFadden. 
James  Boyd. 
George  Gray. 
Moses  vJan^leton. 
Rev.  Ml'.  Joini  Rosshrn^^h,  dis- 

I'hart^ed  January  13,  1777. 


Robert  Doak. 
.bihn  Overshuuer. 
John  Humes, 
Moses  Cronklton. 
Jolni  Brisban,  di-scharged  Jan- 
uary 14,  1777. 


[In  addition  to  the  above  account  we  liave  wliat  follows,  as 
of  importance  in  this  coiniection.  | 

Dfctinlh  r  2o,  1770. 

An  arconnt  of  dioik//  jxiiil  fm  xUt  to  inij  coinjKxnii^  Fifteen 
Ixishtls,  to  the  niKlenniihed  /lersons  (it  7,s'.  (W.  fnishel  and  the 
rarriaije  Is.  (id.  from  PhiladelpJna  to  Allen  townshii). 

Colonel  Si^jfried,  to  \  bushel. 

Ailjutant  13oid,  toi  bushel. 


i 


628 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Lieutenant  Cnriithers,  to  h  bushel. 
Eiisif^n  Horner,  to  i  bus^liel. 
James  Doak,  to  ^  bushel. 
Mo.se.s  Canj?leton,  to  i  bushel. 
Wilhaui  Kairns.  to  jt  Ijushel. 
William  Hart,  to  ^  bushel. 
JoiiM  Clyd,  to  i  Vjushej. 
Robert  Jjattimore,  lo  \  bushel, 
(feorge  Gray,  to  i  bushel. 
Thomas  Herron,  to  ^  bushel. 
.Tauies  Lattimore,  to  ^  bushel. 
.John  Walker,  to  i  bushel. 
William  Mafflt,  to  k  l)ushel. 
Benjamin  Stuart,  to  h  bushel. 
Joseph  Likens,  to  \  bushel. 
Moses  Campbell,   to  h  bushel! 
Daniel  McMuUiu,  to  i  bushel. 
Michael  Milloy,  to  i  bushel. 
Robert  Doak,  to  k  bushel. 
Patrick  Ryan,  to  i  bushel  salt. 
John  Overshinier,  to  ^  bushel. 
John  McFadden,  to  k  bushel. 
W^illiam  McConnel,  to  i  Itushel. 
John  Horner,  to  i  bushel. 
Alexander  Heard,  to  ^  bushel. 
John  Humes,  to  ^  bushel. 
Alexander  Vauhan,  to  k  bushel. 


Memorandum  of  the  Time  that  a  Part  of  Colonel  Tre.sspauli 
Battalion  of  Militiii  under  (Command  of  Lieutenant  Colonel 
Siegfried  entered  the  service.  Lieutenant  Colonel  &  all  that 
Division  of  Said  Battalion  entered  the  service  the  14tli  day  of 
Decenil)ei',  ITTG.  Such  persons  only  excepted  as  is  aftermen- 
tioned. 

•John  Humes,  the  31st  of  December,  177G. 
Alexander  Beard,  the  6th  day  of  January,  1777. 
William  Morrison,  the  KJth  day  of  January,  1777. 
Time  of  entry  of  Lieutenant  Robert  Hays'  company  was  Jan- 
uary G,  1776. 


ASSOCIATORS  A.ND  MILITIA. 


THE  FLYING  CAMP.  "- 1776. 


[Althout;li  Pennsylvania  fnrnishetl,  apart  from  the  three 
State  Ret?inients,  tour  thousand  five  hundred  troops  for  the 
so-called  "Flying  Caiiip,"  it  has  been  impossible  up  to  the  pre- 
sent time  to  fuid  the  names  of  more  than  live  hundred  officers 
and  men.  It  is  hoped, iiowever,  that  with  the  increased  interest 
recently  taken  in  hunting  up  the  records  of  a  patriotic  ances- 
try, much  may  be  discovered  and  preserved  It  is  jjreatly  to 
be  ret^retted  that  the  information  herewith  given  is  so  meagre.  J 


FIRST  LANCASTER  COUNTY  BATTALION. 


First  Battalion  of  the  Flying  C(U)ip  of  Lancaster  county,  Penn- 

sylvuuiit — 177<t. 

Coin  lie/. 
James  Cunningham. 

Lieuteiuint  Colonel. 
William  Hay. 

Major. 
Thomas  Edwards. 

Adjutant. 
John  Davis. 

Surf/eon. 
William  Smith. 

QharteriiKtster. 
James  l*orter,  p.  t. 

First  Company. 
Captain.— Robert  Clark. 

First  Lieutenant. —Williani  Steel,  promoted  captain. 
Second  Lieutenant. —James  Turner. 
Third  Lieutenant.— William  Nelson. 


,*.,.      ;.(; 


m 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


1.25 


I") 

^    tiS, 


|M 

2.0 


JL4    III  1.6 


6"     — 


V] 


<^ 


7M 


■ew 


'<^. 


9. 


^^ 


7 


V 


/A 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


# 


^ 


C 


^^ 


v> 


6^ 


%^ 


'5?,^ 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14S80 

(716)  873-4503 


fef^^ 

^^ 

"*" 

^/9 

^f 

>> 


'  I 


680 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 


Second  Company. 
Capluiti. — James  Wutsoii. 
First  Lieutenant.— Thomas  Lindsay. 
Second  Lieutenant.  — Robert  Ct>leman. 
Third  Iiieutenant.— Matthew  Swan. 

Third  Cumpani/. 

Captain.— Jacob  Kiotz,  promoted. 

J?  irst  Iiieutenant.  -Tliomas  Robinson,  promoted. 

Second  Lieutenant. — Joiin  Ottnipl)ell. 

Third  Lieutenant. — Andrew  ISoggs,  discharged  on  account  of 
wounds  received  at  Long  Island 

Third  Lieutenant.— Thomas  Whitmore,  promoted  from  ser- 
geant. 

Fourth  Company. 

Captain. — George  Graeflf. 
First  Lieutenant.— Conrad  Connor. 
Second  Lieutenant.— Dorringtou  Wilson. 
Third  Lieutenant— WilHam  Calhoun. 

Fifth  Compa7iy. 

(!7aptain.  —John  Reed. 

First  Lieutenant.— James  Collier. 

Second  Lieutenant. —John  (lilchrist,  discliarge<1  August  14, 
177G,  on  acount  of  wound  in  right  arm. 

Third  Lieutenant.— Thonuis  Johnston,  promoted  second  lieu- 
tenant. 

Tliird  Lieutenant. —John  Cochran,  from  sergeant. 

Sixth  Com])anp. 

Captain.  —Daniel  Oldenbruck. 

First  Jjieutenant.—Ludwig  Meyer,  promoted  to  Klotz's  com- 
pany. 

Second  Lieutenant. —William  McCnliough. 

Third  Lieutenant.— Kenjaunn  Fickle,  discharged  on  account 
of  wound. 

Tlurd  Lieutenant.— John  Rohrer,  from  sergeant. 

Seventh  Comi)any. 

Captain.  -Joseph  Work. 

First  Lieutenant.— Patrick  Hays,  discljarged  for  <lisHbility. 

Second    Lieutenant. —William    Patterson,  reported    killed   or 

taken  prisoner  at  Long  Islnnd. 
Third  Iiieutenant.  — Richard  Keys,  dischargeil  for  disability. 
Third  Lieutemint.  —James  H.uker,  from  sergeant. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MIHTIA. 


U31 


Evjhth  Company. 

Captain. —Timothy  Green. 

First  Lieutenant.  -William  Allen,  wounded  at  Iion{;  Island. 

Second  Lieutenant. — Weiser. 

Tlurd  Lieutenant    -John  Barnett. 

Ninth  Company. 

Captain. — John  McKown. 
Srtcunil  Lieutenant. — John  Bishop. 
Third  Lieutenant.— Henry  Buehler. 

Sergeants. 

Davis. 

Juuies  Ijarber,  promoted  third  lieutenant. 

Kerr. 

Andrew  Boggs,  promoted  third  lieuteuaut. 
William  Hunter. 
Jame.s  Harkness. 
Jolin  Smilie. 
Mark  McCord. 

Scott. 

John  Driver. 
John  Kllison. 
George  Princely. 
Frederick  Charles. 
Lawrence  Dowling. 
Charles  Connor. 


■w 


'N 


■1.5  ft  t>  • 


Peter  Cipher.  ' 

Patrick  l^onnelly. 
Christopher  Ketley. 


Corporals. 


v^ 


(-hristopher  Taylor. 
Samuel  Boude. 
John  Barber. 


Privates 


Detachment  of  Captain  Watson'' s  Company. 


William  Steel. 
Alexander  Scott. 
William  Walker. 
John  McKnight. 
John  Polk. 


John  Steel. 
William  Rohb. 
Jau.eH  Calhoon. 
Andrew  Ciimmings. 
John  Pegau. 


';•■':  »i 


632 


MISCELLAI^EOUS  ROLLS  OF 


John  Thumpson. 
Daniel  Curmichael. 
John  Miller. 
Robert  Black. 
Samuel  Ankrim. 


John  Clark. 
Hugh  Caldwell. 
Pettis  Haulin. 
John  Post. 
William  McGrii;;er. 


SECOND  LANCASTER  COUNTY  BATTALION. 


Second  Battalion  of  the  Flying  Camp  of  Lancaster  County,  Penn- 
sylvania, 1770. 

Colonel. 
Matthias  Slough. 


CAPTAIN  JACOB  KLOTZ  S  COMPANY, 

()/'  Colonel   Matthias   Slough's  Battalion  of  the  Flying   Camp, 

July  t<,  1776. 


Lieutenant. 
Lmhvig  Meyer. 

Prioates. 


Laurence  Manning. 
Oeorge  Clay. 
Nicholas  Hutchison. 
William  Long. 
Henry  Illiger. 
Jacob  Hacketswiller. 
Andrew  Bower. 
John  Hysinger. 
Anthony  Anient. 
Jacob  Moss. 
Jacob  Bnxler. 
Jacob  Hustater. 
John  Laub. 
Matthias  Keller. 
Henry  Miller. 
John  Burg. 
Christopher  Shertzer. 


Philip  Klime. 
John  Johnson. 
John  Parcifull. 
Abraham  Ribhlet. 
John  Favourite. 
George  Wallace. 
Henry  Bose. 
Jacob  Ferree. 
Jaci)b  Lubly. 
Adam  Dambach. 
John  Weller. 
I>aniel  Glazier. 
Benjamin  Fickle. 
Christopher  Bower. 
Peter  Dunkle. 
William  Keller. 
Joiiii  Shertzer. 


ASSOCIATORS  A^D  MILITIA. 


6;^ 


Hugh  McGlouKhlin. 
John  Wygant. 
Andrew  Shrenk. 
Jacob  Brttndt. 
Philip  Kutz. 
John  Mark. 
George  Wolfe. 
John  Belloiigh. 
Stephen  Rine. 
Joiin  PhiiipH. 
Edward  Kindry. 
Christian  Pnttenstone. 
David  Dukart. 
James  Turner. 
Christian  Ebernian. 
Peter  Galley. 
Joseph  McCurdy.  , 
Philip  Grupe. 
Barnet  Martin. 
James  Burk. 
Adam  Goodingberger. 
Samuel  (^arson. 
Michael  Trislar. 
Jacob  Springer. 


Edward  Madden. 
John  Funk. 
Cliristopher  Ling. 
Adam  Lohrman. 
John  Hoffman. 
John  Murray. 
John  Dougherty. 
Alexander  Hill. 
Zacharias  Hill. 
Simon  Yandes. 
Sebastian  MoWart. 
Thomas  Williams, 
Ludwick  Miller. 
Matthias  Hoke. 
Christian  Sternman. 
John  Meyer. 
John  Rickle. 
James  Hurace. 
Ca.'iner  Peter. 
James  Stewanl. 
John  Fisler. 
Christian  Grube. 
John  Rutzel. 
Robert  McCurdy. 


^^1 


'1   


BERKS  COUNTY  BATTALION. 


A  Return  of  Officers  in  Colonel  Haller's  liattalion  of  the  Flijivf/ 

Camp,  October  5,  1770. 


Colonel. 
Henry  Haller. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Nicholas  Lotz,  prisoner  August  20,  1770;  discharged  Septeinl)er 

10,  1779. 

Major. 
Edward  Burd,  prisoner,  .Vngtist  '.jO,  1770. 

Qnarternin.ster. 
Lieutenant  Paul  Kerber,  recruiting  at  Amboy. 


'."t 


¥ 


mi 


MiSCEJ.LANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


first  Com  pant/. 
Cai)tjviii.  — .los«'|)h  Hiester. 
Euisi^ii. — Nirliolas  Hrowii,  at  home,  s^ick. 

Hecomf  Compani/. 
(Ja|>tuin.-   Jacob  (iraule. 

Third  Company. 
(^il>taiii.  -  (it'or^»»  May. 
Kusigu.  — Jacol)  l)ick. 

Fourth  Company. 
("aptain.  —Jacob  Maurer,  taktMi  prisoner  at  Loii^;  lsl;in<l. 

Fifth  Comj)ani/. 
Captain.     Jolui  JiUdwif;. 

Si.vth  Company. 
Captain. —Joiui  OhI. 

Sei^enth  Company.  '       ^ 

("iiptain. DodjjIas'S. 

Lieutenant. —Jolm  Hint;. 

Efyhth  Company. 
('aptain.— Peter   Pecker,  pris<»ner  Auj^nst  2(i,  1776. 

jOHicers  lost  in  the  en^a^enient  on  Loni^;  Islantl  :  Lieutenant 
cohmei,  major,  three  captains  an«l  one  lieutenant.] 


BUCKS  COUNTY  BATTALION. 


O'Jhiers   in  the  Bucks   County  liattation  of   the  F/yiiiy  Camp, 

July%  1770. 


Colonel. 
Joseph  Hart. 

Hurffeon. 
Jo.seph  Benton.  Jr. 

Chaplain. 
Rev.  Robert  Keith. 


A8S0CIAT0RS  AiS'D  MILITIA. 


080 


Adjutant. 
John  Johnson. 

Quart  ermoster. 
Alexander  JieiiHtead. 

First  Cnnijtatn/. 

("laptain.  —  .lolin  Folwell. 
First  Lieutenant.— .John  Kroesen. 
yH<!un(l  Lieutenant.— Abruni  DuHois. 
Ensijjn.  — McKissacli. 

Second   Compani/. 

('aptain.— William  Roberts. 
First  Jjjeutenant.— Henry  Darrah. 
Second  Lieutenant.  —James  Shaw. 
Ensitjii. —William  Hines. 

Third  Company. 

(Captain.     William  Hart. 
First  Lieutenant.  — Hugh  Lonjj. 
Second  Lieutenant.-  Jaool)  Drake. 
Knsij^n.    -.Joseph  Hart,  Jr. 

Fourth  Company. 

Captain.  — Valentine  Upi). 
First  liieutenant.  — I'hilip  Trunibower. 
Seeontl  Tjieutenant. —Samuel  Deane. 
linsijjn.— Stoffel  Keller. 

Fifth  Company. 

Captain.  —John  Jannson. 
First  Lieutenant.— Tennis  Middleswarth. 
Second  Lieutenant. —John  Irwin. 
Knsitjn.  —John  McCamnion. 

Su-tlt  Company. 
Captain.— William  ^'eely. 

Seretith  Company. 
Captain.  — Robert  Ramsey. 


IffV 


'n 


■J  ...j 


ifii 


68U 


MISCELLANEOUS  KOLLS  OP 


NORTHAMPTON  COUNTY  BATTALION. 


A  portion  of  the  Officers  and  Men  who  served  in  the  Northamp- 
ton County  Battalion  of  the  Flying  Camp  in  1770. 


Captain  Miller's 

Peter  Kachlin. 
Henry  I3u8li. 
Henry  Bu8h,  Jr. 
Conrad  Bittenl)ender. 
Frederick  Gepliart. 
Isaac  Berlin. 
Jacob  Kacldin. 
Peter  liahr. 
Frederick  Rieger. 
Jolin  Bush. 
Peter  Righter. 


Company  (Hamilton  Company). 

Matthias  Steininger. 
Tliomas  Seybert. 
Henry  Shiouse. 
Paul  Reese r. 
John  Shuck. 
Henry  Allhouse. 
Adam  Yohe.  i      r 

Andrew  Herster. 
Lawrence  Erb. 
Joseph  Mimni. 


Captain  Arndt's  Company  (Forks'  Company). 

Christian  Stout.  Jacob  Fraunfelder. 

Al)rani  Creter.  John  Yent. 

Michael  Kealer.  John  Fallstich. 

Henry  Stocker.  Philip  Reeser. 

Isaac  Koon.  Cornelius  Weygandt. 

John  Smith.  Jacob  Duflford. 

Captain  DulVs  Company  (Piainfteld  Company). 

John  Hopple.  Henry  Freetz. 

Jacob  Andrew.  .                        Josejih  Keller. 

Adam  Bortz.  Lewis  Collins. 

Peter  Kern.  Jacob  Engler. 

Conrad  Metz.  Nicholas  Deal.                 ; 

Henry  Siegle.  Peter  Byer. 

Captain  Santee's  Company  \  Eighth  Company 

Conrad  Smith.  Christian  Road. 

Jacob  Creider.  George  Essig. 

Jacob  Neihardt.  Valentine  Y^ent. 
John  Wolf. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


637 


Captain  Nelson  or  Ntilson's  Compaaii  (Mount  Bethel  Company). 

Robert  Scott.  Samuel  ('urrey. 

Eleza.  Cranfonl.  John  McFarren. 

Bonjaiuin  J>e  Sul.  Robert  Lyle. 

John  MiiMagh.  Alexander  8illyman. 

Samuel  McFarren.  Thomas  Miller, 

John  Ross.  Peter  Middauuh. 

James  Symenton.  Richard  Overlield 

Joseph  Martin.  James  Hyndshaw. 

Captain  Saylefs  Company  (Captain  Adam  litahler). 

Andrew  Keifer.  Frederick  Wilhelm. 

(ieorge  Onangst.  George  Sheively. 

Philip  Arndt.  M.  Gress. 

Henry  Weidnecht.  John  Arndt. 

John  Keller.  -        Harnet  Miller. 

Isaac  Shoemaker.  Joseph  Chass. 


II 


'M 


YORK  COUNTY  HATTALION. 


Officers  of  the  Flying  Cam})  of  York  County^  Pennsylvania. 


Colonel. 
Michael  Swope. 

Lietitenaiit  Colonel. 
Rol)ert  Stevenson. 

Major. 
William  Hailey. 

First  Company. 

Captain.  — Micliael  Schineiser. 
First  Lieutenant.— Zachpriah  ShugJirt. 
Second  Lientenan*". — Andrew  Robinson, 
Ensign. —William  Wayne. 

• 

Second  Company.  • 

Captain. —Gei'hart  Graeff. 

Lieutenant. Kauffman. 

Ensign. —Daniel  McCollom. 


'  H^ 

nns 


MISC'KM.ANKOFR  ROT.LS  OP 


Third  CnnifHiny. 


r'aptiiin.  -  Jiu'oh  I)ritt. 

First  liii'iitfiiHiit. Hayinillcr. 

Ht'i'oiHl  lii«Mil«'iiniit.  —       -Cluytoii. 
i<luHi|(ii.  — .Jacnl)  Mayor. 

Full  I  III   ( 'inn  fill  II  If. 

<  'a  I  >t  ail  I.  -  <  'lii'ist  iaii  Siak«'. 
First    I iiiMiifiiaiit.  — ( 'oriM'iiiis  Slu'rilT. 
>H)>c«)uil  LitMitcniiiil.  -  Jaroh  iioit/.iiiK*'r. 
I'iiisi^ii.     ,la<'i)ii  Hariiil/.. 

FifHi  ('mil finny. 

<'Mptain.  -Jolm  M<*l)<iiia.ltl. 

I'Mrst  lii<'Ht«'iiaMt.      William  Sctdt. 

S«'cuii(|  liiciitcnaiit.     RttlM-rt  l'att«'ii. 


I'iiisi|{n.  — 


llovvi 


Si.vth  Cunijxiiiif. 


<  'aptaiii.  — Joliii  Kwiiijf. 
Kiisi^ii.     J»»liii  Faysji'y. 


f<('ri'n(/i  (Uimpiiui/- 

Captain.    -Wiiliaiii  Ntisoii. 
I'irst   Iii«Mit«'iiai»t.-    —      Totltl. 
Si'coiul  Kiciitt'iiaiit.  -  .T<»s«'pli  AVolsh. 
Kusijfii.  — AI«-.\aiMU*r  N«'si>it. 


Eii/ht/i  Com  fid  II  If. 


Caj>taiu. Williams. 


lMin.AI>KL!MnA   AHS()< 'I  ATOKS-ITTO. 


nfflcfis  inif?  mill  "  Ih/oiii/iii!/  to  thi-  (Uiji  (iiiif  Liberti/,''  in.  service 

Diciinhfr  04,  17T(). 


Jolm  Mayard.  Jr. 
(Jiitlil)ert  Laiuler.s. 
John  (iriuler. 
Adam  Hnniner. 
Christian  Kerap. 


(■harles  Wharton.- 
Fenix  Hn>{iie8. 
Thomns  Mensnc 
Charles  William  P^ale. 
William  McSparren, 


AWHOCIATOIIS  AND  MIMTIA. 


cm 


A)>rHhaiii  I>iihoiH. 
JiiHt iniiiii  Fox. 

John  <  'iirt  JH. 

.loltn  l''rt>inlM'rj{«"'- 
Joliii    l»i»'k«'y. 
.loliii  iicml. 

.lilllD-S  Hcot  t. 

Huiiiiirl  I\I Ill-ray. 
.lulm  Sniirwnlt'r. 
llniry  liiiiiil. 
Kdwjircl  l{<>lii  TtH. 
Joliii  Alcxniiil*'!'. 
Zt'lHiiiiiili  l>ji\'i<lM. 
tSaiiiiifl  lilaytT. 
John  Carr, 
J'clcr  Lt>teli<>r. 
.ioliii  Riley. 
William  Mfnn^'. 
Marshal  Kiinion. 
Danit-I  flannah. 
JaiiH's  Wclc.il. 
Nicholas  Pallas. 
Thomas  Fisher. 
Johs  Willis, 
.lohn  ( tovun. 
Tiiomas  Dickson. 
John  Tatcin. 
Natlian   Dawson. 
Aaron  Vimiiorn. 
Mi.'iuu'l  (iitts. 
John  Catlcniiani. 


John  DcarinK- 
liiiwrcMca  Hiirn«iy. 
|)(iiii<'|  \'(in  V'oorhis. 
,\inlif,v   .Nelson. 

Man I  Tate. 

I'll  will  Miles. 
John  <  iillanl. 
John  Ki'ooks. 
William  Siiiit li. 
'IMioma^'  ( 'iiniiiiini^H. 
Joiui  Diivis. 
William  Wooii. 
John  Itryan. 
J)aniel  Mickhain. 
.lohn  Daker. 
.lames  Odeaii. 

George  HllJlle. 

Thomas  .Morgan. 
.John  ,\  lexHiKJcr. 
William   HaversHck. 
(ieor(.jc  Dowey. 
Haiiiiicl  I. acock. 
Nicholas  (r)inei. 
Jereiiiinh  Jackcon. 
I'eter    Kaillho. 
Christ  ian  Owl. 
.lolin  Darker. 
C/hanison  Wood. 
John  Willis. 
Eli  A  ski  II. 
Cornelius  Calahan. 
Tiiomas  Wvlie. 


CAPTAIN  DANIEL  KYSTKR  S  COMPANY. 


Front,  York  counti/.     In  .senu'cit  in  thf  Jersejjs  from  Stpteniher, 

17TU,  to  Jnnnari/,  1777. 


Philip  Miller. 
Peter  Kieter. 
John  Sliiver. 


J  a  col  I  Decker,  Jr. 
rteoi-f^e  Foillk. 
Jacob  Loiit{. 


.'nt 


m 


lil 


m 


IS 


640                       MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLH  OF 

I'liiil  Driiy.                                       Atliini  S\v«'iK«'r. 

ViiU'iitiiH*  StaiT.                               Andrew  Zit'i^ltT. 

HiM-Mitiii  oliiM-dorlT.                        John  Ebiirr. 

•loliii  S(dit>iti>i-.                                  Jiicol)  lliidcr. 

Nit'li«)laM  Mt'VtT.                              litTiiian  Eiiifrick. 

.lacoli  (<fij{«'r.                                   I'liristiaii  ilorli. 

Christian  Uricl't.                              Danit'i  Howas«-h. 

Cas|H>r  Wt'i-fcl.                                 Ahrahaiii  Jjfnirit/,. 

Antliony  Zidnicr.                           ti*'l)ast ian  llt>rl). 

Ahrahiini  IliM-h.                               Ch^i^t  ian  (ifi-her. 

1 

<i«'orjf«»  R«'l»t'r.                                 Conrad  H«'i><s. 

' 

Mattliias  Froy.                                Ciiristian  ItcisH. 

j 

Jacob  Tott.                                        Thomas  Hunt, 

I 

Jat'oli  l>«'lonj;.                                 I'hiiip  SIdver. 

i 

1 

<f«'ort{«'  Shiver.                                Jacol)  Nhiifer. 

1 

H«Miry  Ht'fuHr.                        •         Adam  Zi(hd«'r. 

Adam  Hnl)«'r.                                    (i»'or^f«>  Huber. 

Ciiristian  KeilT.                                 Jolni  Hcliuh'r. 

(h'orjfe  Kt'isK.                                   Michatd  H«'id<M'. 

Uoorj}*'  Uerbcr.                               HtMiry  UoiiT. 

Henry  Sowaseli.                              Cliristoplier  Foulk. 

Melclnor  Seliauiu.       ,                    Carl  (ieiger. 

Jaeol)  H«'fner.                                 John  Ali)recht. 

Andrew  Heiwij^.                               John  Shiver  (Slder.j 

Mitdiael  Satlor.                                Nicolas  Jjemritz. 

Jacob  Langalt.                                 Geor^ce  I>riiy. 

Micluiol  Carl.                                   Pliilip  Wanemaoher. 

(ieorjje  Obenlorff. 

MISCELLANEOUS  LIST 

Of  Ojfivtra  a  nd  Men— liattal  ions  not  piDen—servhitf  in  the  Flying 

Camp  at  Long  Island  i)i  August,  1776. 

Christian  l^uijjtjle. 

(ieorge  Kleber. 

Jacob  Klin{?nuin. 

Alexander  Duncan,  sergeant,  Cumberland  county. 

Christian  Kettele. 

Richard  Ciirrie,  died  September  10,  1776,  at  Philadelphia 

Solomon  Parke,  Philadelphia. 

William  Huckle. 

A8S0C1AT0RH  AND  MILITIA.  Ml 

Pu<ri('l»  (iiliMoii,  (yoloiK*!  Williiiiii  M<uii((<tiii*>ry. 

Namii'fl  MrOiiiiH'HH,  ••tiMi^ii ;  ('olom-l  William  Montgomery. 

-  -     -    Kin((,  captHiii. 

KliHJia  (H-ady,  t'lisi^n,  (*aptaiii  KIii^^'h  company. 

rt'atiiaii  S«>ll«>i'h,  «*iiNi((n,  IMiihulflphia. 

Ijcuiiard  Kiclit«'r,  (II.mI  July  10,  17»M. 


Ml  It-  of  Captain  Ntnkc's  ('onij)finy  of  ('nli)Ufl  Ntrnpe's  liattalinn 
of  /^'fi/iii!/  Camp  taken  priHoner  nt  Fort  Washiuijlon,  Not'ember 


I*»*t«)r  Ilaak. 
Honry  (Jounselman 


David  Park»»r. 
}liif;li  DoltbiiiK. 
.I(»lin  Hti'ohnian. 
(Jliristiaii  Htroluiian. 
Jam«>s  Day. 
J(»H«ipli  lTi)d«gfafT. 
Daniel  Miller. 


tierj/eaiits. 

John  Dicks. 

Corpot  nl. 
John  Ad'iiin. 

Privates. 

James  Dohhins. 
Henry   Miller,   residing  in  Vir* 
-,;  ginia  in  1^30. 

JameH  Herry. 
Henry  HolT. 
Daniel  Hliiiltze. 

Williuni  JjiikenH,  negro,  waiter 
in  the  company. 


CAPTAIN  MULLAN'S  COMPANY  OF  MARINE8-1770. 


[The  following  mu»ter  rolls  appear  in  a  book  wliich  contains 
also  the  minntes  of  a  Masonic  Lodge  which  met  at  the  Tnn 
Tavern  on  Water  Street,  Philadelplda,  Ixginning  with  tlie 
year  1749.  Robert  Mullan.it  seems  was  a  member  of  this  Lodge, 
Proprietor  of  the  Tavern,  antl  Captain  of  the  Company  of 
Marines,  the  Muster  Rolls  of  which  are  here  given.  The  l)ook 
was  found  at  "Mill  Bank,"  formerly  the  residence  of  Nathan 
Sellers,  in  Upper  Darby  near  Phila<lelphia,  and  now  the  pro- 
perty of  his  grandson,  Coleman  Sellers.  J 
41-VoL.  XV. 


642 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Pay  roll  of  Captain  Robert  Mullan's  Company  of  Marines  to 

December  1,  1776. 


Captain. 
Robert  Mullan,  June  25,  1776. 

Fimt  Lieutenant. 
David  Love,  June  25,  1776. 

Second  Lieutenant 
Hugh  Montgomery,  June  25,  1770. 

Sergeants. 

James  Coakley,  July  1,  1776. 

Andrew  Read,  August  23.  1776. 

John  McKinley,  August  2,  1776. 

Warwick  Hattabough,  September  13,  1776. 

Corporals. 

George  Murray,  August  27,  1770. 
Adam  McFerson,  October  22,  1776. 
John  Cribs.  October  13,  1776. 
Joseph  firumley,  September  17,  1776. 


Drummer. 


Collin  York,  June  25,  1776. 


Peter  York,  June  25,  1776. 


Fifer. 


Privates. 

John  Hogg,  August  21.  1776. 
William  Barnett,  September  1,  1776. 
Lawrence  Lessee,  September  3,  1776. 
Benjamin  Woodin,  August  12,  1776. 
Robert  Gilraore,  August  28,  1776. 
William  Allison,  September  2,  1776. 
John  Stone,  September  2,  1776. 
Daniel  Foriman,  September  2,  1776. 
William  Carcill,  August  19,  1770. 
Henry  Sharp,  September  1,  1770. 
George  Campbell,  August  4,  1776. 
James  Mclllear,  August  8,  1770. 
Stephen  Rutledge,  August  22,  1776. 


ASSOCIATORS.  ANJ>  MILITIA. 


643 


.fames  Stevenson.  August  22,  1776. 

Votie  Gawilen,  September  9,  1T70. 

Thomas  Murphy,  September  2,  1776. 

Robert  Work,  August  10,  1776. 

Patrick  Quigley,  July  16,  1776. 

Mark  Sullivan,  September  10,  1776. 

Jolin  McFall,  August  5,  1776. 

William  Stone,  September  5,  1770. 

Stephen  Archer,  August  13,  1776. 

James  Cane,  September  9,  1770. 

Daniel  MoCnrty,  turned  over  to  A.  Doria.  August  10,  1776. 

Michael  Kelly,  September  12,  1776. 

Neil  Farron,  August  10,  1776. 

William  Bv^auchamand,  September  4,  1776. 

Henry  Deliurt,  Sejitember  2,  1776. 

William  Campin,  September  11,  1776. 

John  Speer,  August  16,  1776. 

George  Lafberry,  August  o,  1776. 

Jacob  (Tuy,  .■\ugu."«t  19,  1776. 

Francis  Quin,  August  15,  1770. 

Owen  Ward,  turned  over  to  A.  Doria  August  4,  1776. 

Robert  Douglas,  September  2,  1770. 

John  McCiure,  August  16.  1776. 

John  Ciilniore,  August  28,  1770. 

Thomas  Gough,  August  28,  1776. 

Ricliard  Keys,  October  3.  1776. 

Michael  Miliar,  October  3,  1770. 

Willian\  Rivelly,  Octol)er  10,  1776. 

Edward  Smith,  October  2,  1770. 

William  Rich,  September  e    11770.  •  - 

Rol)ert  Elder,  Se|)tember  7,  1770. 

Edward  Asberry.  August  20   1770. 

Barney  Maloy,  Septeml)er  12,  1770. 

Tliomus  McKey,  .Vugust  27,  1770. 

Allan  McKey.  .Vugust  27.  1170. 

John  Getty,  Septeml)er  li,  1770. 

Enoch  Jeidcins,  September  13,  1776. 

Henry  Hassan,  Sei)ten)be!'  10,  1770. 

John  Lewis,  September  2.").  liVO. 

Henry  Ripshon,  October  21.  1770. 

Patrick  Harvy.  Septemlter  17,  1770. 

William  Douglierty,  November  12,  1776. 

Isaac  Walker  (negro).  August  27.  1770. 

Orange  (negro),  ()ct«)ber  1.  1776. 

Thomas  Taldwell   (deserted),  .Vugust  20,  1776. 

.Jesse  Redding  (des-irted),  September  2,  1770. 


li't 


644 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 


Patrick  RuH^ell  («leHert»Mh,  August  11,  1770. 
Alexander  Cuniiniiis  (tleHerted),  September  1,  1770. 
John  McCai^hon  (ileserteil),  August  21,  1770. 
Hugh  Cou(>lly  (desert etl),  Septeinber  8,  1770. 
John  McCJosky  (de.serted),  August  20,  1770. 
Thomas  Mewhinney  (deserted),  August  'M,  1770. 
John  Fritzinger  (tlesertech,  August  'M.  1770. 
Josepli  Lowrey  (deserted),  August  31,  1770. 
John  Hill  (deserte«l),  August  10,  1770. 
Thoums  Sappington  (deserted),  September  7,  1770. 
Joseph  Boyce  (deserted).  An  trust  29,  1770. 
William  Taylor  («le.serted),  October  10,  1770. 
Daniel  Cloud  (dead),  August  21,  1770. 
Thomas  Atkinson  (dead),  August  23,  1770. 

William  H.  MoxraoMKRY,  Lieut. 

Samukl  Nicholas,  Major. 

[Many,  if  not  all  of  those  marked  "deserted,"  on  this  list 
were  simply  "absent  without  leave,"  and  subsequently  "re- 
turned to  dutv.  "1 


A  muster  roll  of  Captain  Robert  Mullan's  Com])nn.y  of  Marines 

April  1,  1777. 


Captain. 
RoV)ert  MuUan,  June  25,  177(5. 

First  Lieutenant 
I")avid  Love,  June  2.').  1770. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Hugh  Montgomery,  June  2.'),  1770. 

Priiinte'i. 

Thomas  Hart,  November  2.'5,  1770. 
Andrew  Read,  August  22,  1770. 
John  McKinley,  August  2,  1770. 
Barney  Moloy,  September  12,  1770. 
Adam  MoPherson,  October  22,  1770. 
James  Butler,  March  1,  1777. 
Collin  York,  June  25,  177(5. 
Peter  York.  .Tune  2r»,  1770. 
Wiliiaju  Allison,  September  2,  1770. 
.Tames  Cane,  September  '.t,  1770. 
Jacob  Uuy,  August  ID,  1770. 


ASS0CIAT0R8  AND  MILITIA. 


645 


William  Willi»iin8,  November  25,  1776. 
Beiijainiii  Woodin,  AuffUHt  13,  1770. 
John  Hofm,  AugHHt  31,  177(5. 
Joiin  Htoiie,  September  3,  1770. 
William  Stone,  September  5,  1776. 
Allen  McKey,  AuguHt  37,  1770. 
(feor^e  Campbell,  August  4,  1770. 
Stephen  Kutleclge,  August  23,  1770. 
James  Stephens,  August  33,  1770. 
Robert  Worii,  August  10,  1770. 
Stephen  Archer,  August  13,  1770. 
Henry  DeHart,  September  3,  1770. 
John  Spear,  Aujjust  10,  1770. 
Francis  Quin,  August  1'),  1770. 
Michael  Kelly,  Sei)tember  13,  1776. 
Robert  Douglas,  September  3,  1770. 
Richard  Keys,  October  3,  1770. 
William  Rivelly,  Octol)er  10,  1770. 
Etlward  Smitli,  October  3.  1770. 
Rol)ert  Elder,  September  7,  1770. 
Henry  Ripshen,  October  31,  1770. 
William  Dougherty,  November  12,  1777. 
Thonuis  McKey,  August  27,  1770. 
Joseph  Hoyce,  August  29,  1770. 
Daniel  McCarthy,  August  10,  1770. 
John  McCashon,  August  21,  1770. 
Jolin  Conolly,  September  8,  1770. 
Philip  Kennedy. 
Nicholas  Miller.  March  1,  1777. 
Jacob  Murray,  March  1,  1777. 
(leorge  Rice,  November  22,  1770, 
James  Willon,  November  .T,  1770. 
Patrick  Clinton,  November  22,  1770. 
John  Krown,  December  1,  1770. 
William  Casey. 
Thonms  I^esley. 
Patrick  Preston. 
Patrick  Hrannon. 
Isaac,  negro,  August  37,  1T70. 
Orange,  n<'gro,  Octol)er  1.  1770. 

James  Coakley,  July  11.  ]77t!:  re-enlisted  November  1."),  1770. 
Warwick  Hallabough,  September  ]:$,  1770:  died  April  1,  1777. 
Oeorge  Murry,  August  37,  1770;  re-enlisted  April  0,  1777. 
John  Cribs,  October  13,  1770:  re-enlisted  December  0.  1770. 
.Josepli  «frumly,  September  17,  1770. 

William   Harnet,    September    1,1770;  re  enlistetl    December  5, 
1770.      , 


11 


m^^ 


.  m& 


fi'4« 

MI8CKI.LANEOU8  ROLLS  OP 

li(i\vr«'nce  Li'Hey, 

Ht»pt«iiiber 

'A.  I7r0; 

iv-tMili.st«'(l  March  13,17 

1  4  . 

RobHi't  Uiliiioiv, 

An>fHHt  28. 

I77H:  r.« 

-••nliHtod  April  1.  177T. 

Daniel 

ForHiiian 

.  8t'pl»'inl>«'r 

2,  1770 

;  n>-<MiliHti'tl    I)eot»nil»»M 

:i. 

1                              1770 

Willinm  (^iiroill. 

AujfUHt   11»,   1 

770;  (liscluirn-.Ml  Ai»ril  1.  1777. 

lltMiry 

Sharp,  Ht 

pteiiibj'T  1.  ] 

770;  IV 

•'iilist»'<l  l>t'(M'iiil»i'r  0,  1770 

.Tiinios 

iy[clll«>ar. 

AiiKUst  8,  IT 

70;  iv-« 

nlist«'<l  l>»'P»Miiln'r  .'»,  1770. 

VotiiT 

Ctawclon, 

8»>pt«Miil)or 

0,  1770 

;  re-i'iiliwtrd    Dfctiiiiltcr 

."», 

1770.      . 
'riionuiH  Murphy,  8»'pt»MnlH>r  2.  1770:  r«>-»Milis<tMl   l>i'('«Mnl»<'r 'i, 

1770. 
I'atrioli  QuiH:l«'y,  July  10,  1770;  r^>-^•tlli^*to(l  .lauuarv  1,  1777. 
Marlv    Hullivau,  8t>pt«Muln'r    1(».   1770;  rc-t'iilistt'il    DtMM'uihtM-  5, 

1770. 
.lauu's  MoFall.  August  Ti.  1770;  rc-tMiiistcd  .Tanuury  l.*>,  1777. 
Ni'il  I'^arroM,  Auj^iL-^t  10.  1770;  n'-oulistftl  l)ec»Mnl)«>r  5,  1770. 
Williaiu    Huchauan,  8t>p<«Mubt'r  4.    1770;  tli.soluvr^f(j(l    April    10, 

lilt. 
Williaui  Cau»i)in,  St»pt»MulH>r  11,  1770;  re-enlislcd    I)«'o.hiii1)im' r>, 

1770. 
G«>or^«»  Lanhnrry,  August  ri,  1770;  diod  .Tauiuiry  10,  17"7. 
.Fohn  Mc(Mur«',  Au>,iust  10,  1770:  discljar^ft'd  Di't-cnjlu'r  1.  1770. 
.Fohn  <^^HhU()r«>,  Au^u.sr  28.  177<»:  discharf;('<l  Ni>viMnht«r  20,  1770. 
Tiutinas  (tou^li,  AujfU^t  28,  1770;  rc-iMilistod   Dcct'Uibor  ."i,  1770. 
OAV«>n  Ward,  August  i,  1770. 

Micliat'l  Millar,  i    'tohor  ;},  1770;  r«>-on]iMt«^d  April  H).  1777. 
William  Rich.  8»'ptou»lHM'  18,  1770;  died  IMarcli  1.  1777. 
Edwanl  Ashcrry,  Au>?u.><t  21>.  1770;  die«i  Dcpcniher  !.*».  177tl. 
.lolin  {»«>tty.  S.'pt»'inh«>r  II,  1770. 
Knocli   ,T«»ukins,  8ei)teuilH*r   III,  1770;  re-«>ulis(ed  ^'dvcuibcr  L"), 

1770. 
H«Miry  Hassan,  Ht'iittMnlxM-  10.  1770;  rc-nnlist«^d  January  7.  1777. 
John  Lewis,  September  2"),  1770;  re.enli.'-ted  April  10.  1777, 
Patrick  Harvey.  September  27,  1770. 
Thomas  Livingston,  An»?ust  25,  1770. 


.4  coppy  of  rftnni  pfren  in  to  Majot  Snmtii'}  Xif^holns  nf  mi'ii 
fiiffsti'd  bif  Captain  linheit  MiilUni  .siia-f  Ain/nsf  U,  ]77)),  to 
Jainiari/  1,  1780. 

Abram  Lewis,  serjfcant 
Jeremiah  Mahon. 
Ricliard  Kisby. 
Francis  Deiiprey. 
Kdward  Ibitler. 
Jolui  Smith. 


ASSOCFATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


647 


John  Henry. 
Andi't'W  Kll)r»»\v. 
BiuiiiU'l  Kverfelt. 
Jolin  FifH. 
.Tolin  VjHiiu. 
Jost'pli  Hanhinck. 
TlioniuH  (vonnor. 
.liiiiK'H  Plowtnan. 
Pwter  GuriM'y. 
J«)s*'pli  l)<'HHi|{n. 
.Iiinit'H  Ooacon. 
JnnifH  Hryan. 
Joseph  Craft. 
Theodora  David. 
Jann'H  Cranipton, 
Robert  Me(Hnnis, 
CharleH  tStepheuHon, 
ThonniH  Harden. 
Mathan  Mareiial. 
ThoniaH  Matt  hewn. 
TlionuiH  HappiriKton. 
Janu'H  Hi(diolaN. 
ThoniiiH  P«'r.k\v(»rth. 
Ricliard  (!oa(s. 
John  Hniitli. 
Jolin  |)oiigherty. 
Rieliard  Hal)l)in)j;ton. 
John  M('('asliion. 
Tlioinas  Hellord. 
(^eorj?e  McCrny. 
William  Warner. 
Andrew  Anderson. 
James  Carvey. 
Tliomas  I^aul. 
JanieH  Murdock. 
Jolin  Kean. 
John  ('oil. 
John  Woo(h'ord. 
John  Mackearny. 
John  Miller. 
Patrick  HifjKinH. 
Jolin  Radne. 
Nicholas  Ultzinan. 
Jolin  Harhro. 
Thomas  Smith. 
William  Baker. 


On    Board  Confeflrysy  with   Captain 


f  BoycH 


'Ul 


•:i' 


648 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


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«.j:5«,-«    £;5?5a    2g5    35;; 


'qnnoi'inj  uo 


PUUIUIIIII,)  U<) 


•m.(»ini  'HOIS  I     ;~ 


'lUSNiMd    'JIJIH 


•Xinp  jo;  11,4 


::S£'522    «SSK    2SS    S« 


-aji)  pun  mnj(i 


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RIDJOlUO,) 


M  f  1       N  .- 


'siuuaKjos 


ej«K 


tiunitMjnig 


'B^aiS1IIIIJ.)|JIIM(^  "" 


Kliniliifpv 


'8U|UI<tUIU 


'8uS|iin3i 


Kiiiuiioiiiai'i 


w  ?i  ^  c»  ^     e-i  ei  —  ^     •—CI     —  •— 


'8n|ii)(ln^ 


■HJOfUK     I 


mouoiDO    jnen 


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ASaOClATORS  AM)  MILITIA. 


649 


PENNSYLVANIANS  PRI80NERH  OF  \VAR-1778. 


Li'sf  nf  nfficeiN  Iteloiif/ing  to  Coulineulai  At  mi/,  F/i/hifj  Camp  or 
Miliihi  of  ffi('  iSldfe  of  Penusif  lea  Ilia,  irfto  inf-ri.^  tiri.soners,  and 
not  exuhunycil  before  the  lUth  of  Aufjunt,  17Tb,  toytther  with 
those  taken  since. 

Jirifjadier  Oeneralu 
Williaiu  TlioiiipHon,  Contiiiwutal. 
JaiiieH  Irvint',  Miiitiu. 

Colonels. 

Lambert  Cadwalader,  Militia. 
Michat'i  Swope,  Flyiufj  Camp. 
Peter  Kielilein,  Flying  Cami>. 
Nicholas  Liitz,  Flyini^  (Jam p. 

Majors. 

Andrew  QalWraith,  Flying  Camp. 

Solon.'on  Hnsli,  dep.  ad.  (general ;  Militia.    , 

Acpiila  Guiles,  A.  I).  C.  to  General  Sinclair;  Continental. 

(ieorjje  Writ^ht,  Militia. 

Francis  Murray,  Continental. 

Major  of  Jirif/dde.  • 

John  Harper,  Second  Pennsylvania  brifjade. 

Captains. 

William  McKissick,  Flyinj;  Camp. 

Jacol)  Dritt,  Flyinfj  Camp. 

Conrad  Snyder,  Plyinj?  ('amp. 

William  Scott,  Flyin^f  Camp. 

William  McFarland,  Flying ''ump. 

.Tolin  Jameson,  Flyin>.f  Camp. 

John  Mcllhatton,  Flyintj  Camp. 

Thomas  (Jampbell.  Flyiuf^  (.'amp. 

James  Hamilton.  Continental. 

Joseph  Potts,  Continental. 

Roj;er  Stayner  (taken  at  home).  Continental. 

William  Newman,  Militia. 

Robert  Semple,  Continental. 

Fidward  Heston,  Militia. 

James  Fisher,  Militia. 


6M 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Jucol)  Weaver,  (Juntinental. 
Istuic  Lilly,  (Jontiiiental. 

Lieutenants. 
John  Riohaivlsou,  (Jontiiiental, 
Mattlunv  Knox,  (Joitinental. 
John  Lawrence,  Continental. 
R<)l)ert  Wilkie.  Continental. 
Daniel  l^roadheatl,  jr,  Continental. 
John  Morgan,  Continental. 
John  Priestley,  Continental. 
Charle.s  Pliile,  Contin»'ntal. 
John  Helm,  Continental. 
William  Tilton,  C'ontinental. 

Mathias  Weidnnin,  Atlee's  regitnent,  Pennsylvania 
Roi)ert  (valdwell,  Atlee's  regiment,  Pennsylvania. 
Bernard  Ward,  Atlee's  regiment..  Pennsylvania. 
John  Diiiged,  Continental. 
Joseph  Martin,  Flying  Canij). 
John  Holliday,  Flying  Camj). 
Zaehariah  Shngarts,  Flying  Camp. 
Robert  I'atton,  Flying  (.'amp. 
Samuel  Lindsey,  Flying  Camp. 
Henry  H  al  (William  Bell),  Flying  Cam)). 
HezeUiah  Davis,  Flying  (^amp. 
Joseph  Morrison,  Flying  Camp. 
Gabriel  Blakeny,  Dying  (.'amp. 
John  Irwin,  Flying  (Janip. 
Roi)ert  Brown,  Flying  Camp. 
William  Crawford.  (Continental. 
Thotnas  Jenny.  C'ontinental. 
John  Finlev,  Hth,  (Continental. 
William  Stanley,  (Contiiiental. 
John  Rii(lol])h,  Continental. 
Andrew  Dover.  Continental. 
Godfrey  Myer.-i.  Flying  Camp. 
Andrew  Rol)inson,  Flying  (I'anip. 
Thomas  Wynn,  Flying  (Camp. 
John  Craig,  Flying  Camp. 
Jolin  (Crawford,  Flying  Camp. 
William  Young,  Flying  Camp. 
Matthew  Bennett,  Flying  Camp. 
Ei)hraim  Hunter,  Flying  Camp. 
James  AlcFarlan,  Flying  (\injp. 
Isaac  Shiiner,  Flying  Camj). 
Jacob  M^inima,  Flying  Camp. 
Abner  Everets,  Flying  Comp. 
Samuel  McElhatton,  Flying  Camp 


;i'arl..,s  Clarke,  Militia 
;-t.;r  Conru,!,  Militia 

•^"'"i  (>j,^bnm%  ^^'J'  «.''ou«e,  Bucks  countvf   m""' 

JaniesJouHs.   Militia. 

Wilii,unMa..tinfA;Xr''-  - 

;Jauies  8.,uth,  Artillery   ^• 

^«''»^'- Carter,  Militia. 
•John  Kerr,  Militia. 

"'>Hon,  Contiiientul.  :    : 

^/"  Thompson,  Militia. 

William  Denipsev  (R  1    Arnv  - 

.Josenh  Pnv    o     -V^"-^'  Militia. 
;   ''l'"<  ox    Continental.  - 

Andrew  McMinn,  Militia. 
.John  (ireen,  Militia, 
.racol,  Summers,  Militia. 

Tohn  T^i  Miutants. 

l>an,el  Kennedy.  Continental. 

Jd  liiaim  Douglas,  Continental 

«uj,  Sixth  regiment;  Continental. 


691 


m 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Officers  who  absented  themselves  from  Long  Island  and  Camp, 
contrary  to  their  paroles. 


Captains. 

Jacob  Groul,  Hnller's  regiment. 
Peter  Decker,  McGraw'x  regiment. 

Bundis,  Baxter's  regiment. 

Culhert«on,  Montgomery's  regiment. 

Benjamin  Wallace,  Montgomery's  regiment. 

McCIure.  Montgomery's  regiment. 

John  McDonald.  Swoope's  regiment. 
Davis,  R^iwlins'  regiment. 

*  Henry  Hamburg,  CI utz's  regiment. 

Lieutenants. 

Shoemaker,  Baxter's  regiment. 

Daniel  Jameson,  Baxter's  regiment. 
Robert  Vanhorn,  Baxter's  regiment. 
Jacob  Drake,  Baxter's  regiment. 

Welsh,  Swoope's  regiment. 

* Davis,  Swoope's  regiment. 

* Clayton,  Swoope's  regiment. 

* MiiCJellan,  Montgomery's  regiment. 

White,  Montgomery's  regiment. 

Wayne,  Montgomery's  regiment.  i 

Smith,  Montgomery's  regiment. 

Anderson,  Montgomery's  regiment. 

* Darlington,  Watts'  regiment. 

* King,  McCnlister's  regiment. 

Pile,  Rawlins'  regiment. 

Baker,  Moore's  regiment. 

Thomas,  Montgomery's  regiment. 

Shannon,  McCalister's  regiment. 

Ensigns. 

*Thomas  Reed,  McCalister's  regiment. 

*  Jacob  Myers,  Swoope's  regiment. 

*  Peter  Hackenberg,  Baxter's  regiment. 

Mnlhollin,  Baxter's  regiment. 

—  Mclntire,  Cadwalader's  regiment. 

*Samuel  Rutherford,  Clutz's  regiment. 

Those   marked    thus  *  returned    to   captivity  agreeable  to 
orders. 


A8S0C1AT0RS  AND  MILITIA. 


6S8 


NORTHUMBERLAND  COUNTY  MILlTIA-1778. 


■,'( 


;>  V  'la 


THIRD  BATTALION 

Return  of  the  Third  Battalion  of  Northumberland  Militia,  May 

1,  177H. 


Peter  Hostermati. 


Colonel. 
First  Compaui/.    ' 


Captain.  — Casper  Reed. 
Total,  oOicerH  and  men,  34. 

Second  Company. 

Captain.— Michael  Weaver. 
Total,  officers  and  men,  63. 

Third  Comjfany. 

Captain. —  Samuel  Harris. 
Total,  officers  and  men.  54. 

Fourth  Company 
Captain.— Jolui  Mull. 
Total,  officers  and  men,  r»."). 

Fifth  Company.    . 
Captain.— John  Black. 
Total,  officers  and  men,  49. 

Sixtli  Comjmny, 
Captain.— William  Wyrick. 
Total,  officers  and  men,  50. 

Seventh  Company. 
(Japtain.— Adam  Shaff'er. 
Total,  officers  and  men,  82. 

Eighth  Company. 

Captain— Michael  Motze. 
Total,  officers  and  men,  40. 


6S4 


MI8CKLLANEOU8  ROLLS  OP 


FOURTH  BATTALION. 

Return  of   the  Fourth  Battalion  of   Northumberland    Milttin, 

May  1,  1778. 


CookHon  Lonn:. 


Colonel. 


First  Company. 
Captain. —Thoiiius  WilHon. 
Total,  oflicerm  and  men,  48. 

SevonU  Company. 

Captain. —  Simon  Cool  |Cole|. 
Total,  ofBcerH  and  men,  43. 

TJdrd  Company 

Captain.  —Joseph  Newman. 
Total,  officers  and  men,  43. 

Fourth  Company. 
Captain  Tliomas  Kemplin. 
Total,  officers  and  nien,  4f]. 

Fifth  Company. 
Captain.— William  Hei)burn. 
Total,  officers  and  men,  45. 

Siath  Company 

Captain.  — Alexander  Hamilton. 
Total,  officers  antl  men,  41. 


SIXTH  BATTALION  OF  YORK  COUNTY  MILITIA-17^b. 


The  Petition  of  a  number  of  the  Sixth  Battalion  of  York  county. 

To  the  Hon.  President  or  yi<:e  President,  and  Council,  of  the 
free  men  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  in  Coimcil  met : 

The  Petition  humbly  sheweth  that  we  yonr  humble  peti* 
tioners,  do  look  upon  ourselves  not  only  mnch  agrieved,  but 
even  insulted,  by  reason  of  a  certain  John  McKinley  (a  most 


A«8()CIAT01{H  AM)  MILITIA. 


«:>.j 


avowtitl  enemy  of  «>iir  (.'Miistitiit  ion),  I»mii^  iiniioHcd  u|ioii  iihus  a 
Wilson  MaHt«'r  for  thin  Miinalion.  It  in  vt-ry  notorious  that  Huid 
McKinl«'y  Iiiih  \h'vi\  lonj^  im  t'n»'niy  to  tin-  (.'oninion  ( 'iuih»'  of  our 
C'onntry,  frt-quentiy  Hi)«'iiliin>f  nioHt  i)itt»*riy  u^ainHt  the  nuniH- 
iirpH  (!oiirert»'<l  for  tlif  (l»'t»'nrt!  of  our  invnlinil>!<<  rights  and 
privilejf«»s  ;  Iuih  ofttMi  r«'i»ort('d,  that  Iih  was  indt't'd  HoiiH'what 
fri«'ndiy  to  th«<  ('aMM»>at  (Irst,  lint  for  tliat  reason  (io<l  liad  talti'ii 
away  three  of  IiIm  chil<lren  liy  deutli  ;  and  tliat  In*  did  not  now 
any  man  tliat  was  Hpiritt'd  in  the  (.'ans*-,  hut  (rod  had  either 
talien  him  away  l»y  deat  ii,  or  ( 'ast  inni  into  a  l>ed  of  Hiokness. 
Wlien  our  Militia  ha\'e  l)een  (rall«'d  to^{eth^'r,  he  iuis  fref|iiently 
used  ail  his  inftiienee  with  Some  tr»  prevf'nr  their  t{oin^  out. 
He  has  also  de('lar<>d  that  he  would  join  How's  Army  rather 
than  iSubmit  to  the  Laws  of  our  ytatc;  and  altsfdutely  n'fused 
to  take  the  oath  of  Alle^jiance,  and  Swore  he  would  HulTer 
death  Mrst  ;  l»ut  yet  he  beintf  toM  upon  recHivinjj  his  Commis- 
sion, that  he  must  Either  take  the  Oath,  or  it  woidd  he  taken 
from  him,  he  chose  that,  whirh  to  him  it  seems  was  wors»*  than 
<leath,  rather  than  not  he  a  Wa^on  Master.  Now  having'  hinted 
to  your  Honours  the  Tonsisteney  and  before  unheard  of  Zeal 
of  this  wa^jon  driver,  your  wisdoms  will  at  onee  see  how  wi-ll 
qiialined  he  is  for  Ids  Commission.  Ksptcially  when  (tf)  be 
timely  serious),  we  inform  your  honf>rs,  hf  has  been  heard 
eursinj^  the  C'oinieil  and  Assembly  :  has  in  the  most  depreeiutinf^ 
nutnner  spoken  af^ainst  our  Omtinental  bills  of  (jredit.  Hut 
we  shall  not  add,  unless  it  be,  that  when  his  own  H<m,  J)avid 
McKinley,  was  requested  by  Henjamin  I'eden.  Ksqr.,to  take  the 
oath  of  Alle{fiaiiee,  he  answere<I  that  he  could  not  while  he  was 
about  his  Father's  house;  for  if  lie  did  he  would  be  r)erjurpd 
every  nitjht  if  he  dUl  not  inform  afjainst  his  Father.  In  short 
such  is  the  man,  and  such  his  Tory  principles  and  Conduct, 
that  it  will  be  impossible  ever  to  brini^  the  i»eople  here,  will- 
inj?ly  to* serve  under  him. 

We  petitioned  Joseph  (letfreys.  County  Waj^on  Master,  to 
have  him  turned  out  and  another  put  in  his  place  ;  but  he  paid 
not  the  least  re^ar*!  tf)  our  Petition,  and  heard  our  jietitiori 
just  as  the  King  and  i)arliament  heard  the  J'etition  of  tlie 
Americans. 

Upon  the  whole,  we  would  humliiy  be<j  leave  to  observe  To 
your  honorable  body  that  we  cannot  but  k)()k  upon  it  as  an  in- 
sufTerable  grievance,  and  a  very  great  infringement  upon  our 
LiV)Hrties,  that  a  man  of  no  veracity  and  so  notoriously  inimi- 
cable  to  the  Common  Canse  which  we  are  all  contending  for. 
Should  be  Suffered  to  bear  any  rule  over  n  j)eopie,  many  of 
whom  have  already  risked    their  lives  in  the  noble  Cau.se  of 


s  m 


■A- 


«;■)(; 


MISCKLLANEorS  ROLLS  OF 


n^- 


IjihciM  y,  MMtl  iiri>  SI  ill  tlt'tcniiiiunl  to  |»t'i'Hi»(  in  tlic  ^loi'i'^O'^  pni-- 
hiiit,  though  lit  tln'  risk  of  TjifHUiid  KortniiH. 

W<'  iiiiiiildy  hop:',  t  ln'i'iifort',  tlim  piopiT  iiM'iisiirt'H  will  Im> 
tiiUcii  to  turn  out  Sfiiii  McKiiilcy,  iinrl  flmt  some  other  jutsoii 
iiiiiy  h*>  put  ill  his  pliit'e.  We  \vo:ili|  rccoiiiiiit'iKl  .loHepli  Ki-imI 
I'jsqr.,  ltol)(>rt  iSiiiith.  Siiniuel  (Jrow  aiiil  .fuhu  JjUsU,  as  persons 
(it  for  tlint  odiee.  I'Miiaily  \vt>  liiiiiiltly  bej^  that  your  Honors 
will  take  t  li is  our  prayer  under  your  serious  (.'onsiderat  ion,  and 
redress  our  ^^rievanees;  and  we,  your  pet  it  ioners,  as  in  duty 
i»ound,  Shall  ever  pray   - 


Hu>;h  Koss. 
Andrew   Hoss. 


.lai 


lies 


Uol 


)ison. 


Jolin  McNary. 
.Fohii  Folertoii. 
James  Sprout. 
John  Hill. 
John  Sutor. 
(reorjje  Siltor. 
William  Hlare. 
William  McCuUajjh. 


J 


ames 


J*arl 


ier. 


Jolin  Parker. 
Henjainiji  Peth'ii,  Es<]r. 
l^auiel  MeCtdlum. 
(fe«)rjj;e  Henry. 
John  Lusk. 
William  Hiiekhamei 
Jacoh  <faven. 
John  Hucliards. 
Robert  Forsythe. 
Henrv  Robinson. 


M 


OSes 


Walli 


ice 


Robert  Fiillerton. 
William  Fiillerton. 
James  Paden. 
James  Kirk. 
John  iSIelMullin. 
Robert  Smith. 
William  Houlton. 
treoryre  Henrv,  Jr. 


Roiiland  ]lughes. 
Robert  Wilkes  Findly. 
Allan  Me  Lean. 
William  Morrison,  (^oin'r. 
'I'houias  Rams«*y. 
Nalhanitd  Smith. 
Thomas  (lordon. 
Andrew  (Jor(h>n. 
James  Fvery. 
David  Smith. 
James  Huehanan. 
Josiaii  Scott,  Fsqr. 
James  MeCandiess. 
John  Semple. 
Tiiomas  Steel. 
John  McKesson. 
Patritdi  Scott. 
James  Craifjmvl. 
James  J*arker. 
J 


ames  (Irey. 
I'atriek  Maxill. 
James  Leeper. 
AIe\an(h'r  Leeper. 
John  Mct.'lean. 
John  Cowen. 
Joiin  Siiiiell. 
Francis  Houlton. 
Andrew  iVfcCledric. 


ames  ^  oiing. 


Jolin  Mc(!leary, 
Samuel  Leeper. 


IKiiihirsed]  l*etition  from  York  county.  Read  in  Counoil 
March  i:{.  1 TTS.  Ordered  that  it  be  recomineiKh'd  to  l^fr.  JetTreys 
to  succeed  McKinley  by  appointing  another  in  his  wtend. 


I 


ASSOOIATOUS  AND  MILITIA. 


ForUTH    HATTAMON  OV  \(H{K  ('OITNTY. 


I'ltiliiiii  iif  tfn-  f'nn/tJi  cliiss  of  tin:  Fintrth   lialldlioii  o/  tint    Ynr/c 
roniitu  Mil  it  in,  Ajuil  :'.(),  ITTlt. 

To  Hid   Unjutmc    Exttmtim   (Joiinril   oj    lln    ContiuoniDtalth    of 

l'(  ini.sijininiii  : 

(JKNTliKMKX  :  -th«  liiiml)lt'  i)»'titi<>ii  of  the  Fourth  fMass  of 
tlir  Fourth  Jiattnliou  of  Vork  (.'oiiiiiy  Mililiii,  hiiiiilily  Siirth, 
that,  wlu'rcajs  yotir  Honours  liavc  hci'ii  pltascd  to  send  forth 
your  Order,  to  (jull  out  the  I'oiirth  Class  of  t  hi-  Militiii  at  this 
tiint',  to  t^o  to  thf  frontiers  a;^ainst  tin-  ('oinnion  Kin-niy,  we 
I  liiiik  ourselves  very  much  a^^rieved  hy  Said  ( 'nil, for  t  he  follow- 
ing n-asons 

First — We  \ver«i  called  liefore,  when  the  •'iieiny  wa'^  in  tlie 
(^ity,  and  wo  turned  out  wiliij^reat  Spirit,  iind  undi-rwi-nt. 
inucli  daut^er  and  fatigue,  and  at  that  time  we  must  either  go 
or  i>ay  forty  I'ouutls;  hut  when  the  Eighth  Class  was  railed 
only  one  man  turned  out  (>f  tiie  Jiat  taliou,  and  them  that 
Stayed  at  iiome  got  oil  for  pa>ing  a  trille-  and  wiien  the  next 
call  camc^  last  fall,  it  was  for  t  liree  irlasses,  when  oin-.  if  they 
had  t  urned  out,  would  have  raised  more  men  t  han  was  wnnled  ; 
and  tilt*  three  classes  Joined  and  i»aid  one  volunt eer  out  of  a. 
class,  which  madeuiMlie  number  of  men  wanted,  and  thi-re 
was  no  more  to  pay,  nor  no  A  p[)eal  held  l)uf  for  t  Imse  t  hut  was 
(/onsolenco  hound  ;  and  whereas,  we  are  now  calle(l.  we  are  in- 
formed w<;  nnist  either  go  or  pay  one  hundred  Founds;  and 
what  further  adds  to  our  grievance  to  be  called  from  home  iii  a 
time  when  we  should  put  our  Spring  crf)ps  in  t  h"  grouiul,  and  if 
we  an^  to  stay  two  months  out  at  this  tiuu'  of  the  yenr  tht-n 
we  will  be  deprived  of  putting  any  fall  crop  in  tiie  ground 

And  now,  (rentlemen,  we  pray  you  may  tjike  our  case  under 

your  consideration,  aiul  put  us  upon  an  erpMl  foot  iiig  wit  h  our 

fellow  Citizens,  or  grant  us  Such  relief  -is  you  in  your  Wisdcun 

may  think  proper,  and  we  as  in  duty  l)ound  shall  ever  pray—. 

April '24,  177U. 

Colonil. 

J«)hii  A  mlrew. 

Adjiitdiit. 
William  Hailey. 


Quartermaster. 
Robert  Chambers. 


M 


;-    ^1  {i 


\ 


49, -Vol.  XV. 


(*.i;  n 


;i 


058 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Stri/tanf  M\ 
David  Heaty. 

Frimdbs. 


Robert  (fulltreatli. 
Joint  lloiilt. 
Clnvtsou  Frt't't. 
C-ft'orgt'  Stopo. 
Philip  Homislyy. 
Nathan  (frinu'S. 
A hrahani  HotifjhtaikMi, 
DaA'id  Daiiiorot'. 
l-L'tiry  Huchanan. 
AViiiiaiii  (\mlt'. 
SaitHiel  McCiish. 
Ocnrjjje  McCaus. 
Jaiiit'S  WeiT. 


Reiijainin  Whitley. 
William  St rajjiii. 
AVilliain  Reed. 
John  Sarsloy. 
John  Slauiiiiors. 
John  Hoover. 
Roi)ert  Willsoii. 
Ah'Xaiidev  liofjel. 
William  Floinin>{. 
David  Crosate. 
William  McOrer. 
Robert  Campl)ell. 
Joliii  McCree.^y. 


Joseph  lioa^jei. 

[Kndorsed]  I'etition  of  the  Fourth  class  of  tiie  Fotirth  Hnt- 
talioii  of  York  county  Militia,  Read  in  ("oiincil  Ajiril  ;50,  177!). 
Referred  for  further  cousideratitm. 


CAPTAIN  WILLING  S  COMPANY  OF  MARINES. 


I.hf  of  a  Companj/  of  Marines  commanded  by  (\ij)tain  James 
Wi/ /in;/,  of  the  Vnittd  Aiitiiiran  States,  cnmmeneinf/  the  lOth 
of  Janiiari/,  1778,  endinu  the  3(/  of  June,  1779,  incUmOb. 


James  Williujj. 
Robert  George. 


Captain. 

First  Lienfenavt. 
Sfioo nd  Lie u te no u ts. 


Richard  Harrison. 
George  Girty,  deserted. 

Carj)enter. 

Joim  Hodgson,  died  August  30.   1778. 

Coxsicain. 
Solomon  Bnrnev,  »leserted. 


A>^SO('r.\TOI?S  AM)  MILITIA. 

tSeri/'aafs. 

Tlioiiifis  Mffinl,  (liscliar^cd. 
Jiiliii  Mai'iicv.  (lis('liurtj;f(l. 
Etiwaril  Mattlu'svH. 

f''>r/)or(ils. 
Nfitlmiiifl  Downs,  (liscliMii.:<'<|. 
'riicniias  Love,  taken  [Ji-i.-ontT  April  I'i,  1778. 


(m!> 


ill 

ill 

iw^ 

1  SB 

^ImI' 

wt 

Pi  iCAitta. 
•lulni  Ash. 

Siiniuel  Fury,  ilicti  Aii^fusst  W,  177H. 
Jolin  SValk.-r. 

Danifl  Wliilakcr,  died  , I  tint'  o,  177«. 
iMiilip  linpp. 
Henry  Huutz. 
Mark  Kolt-y,  (lis('Iiarf.;»'il. 
Henry  Hawk,  tlifd  Octolx'r  31,  177><. 
.John  Kilpiitrick.  died  S»'j)f('nil)('r  1.  177H. 
Nuthaniel  Kennison,  taken  prisont-r  April  1,  1778 
Richard  Murray,  (U'atl. 
Levin  t^pri^f^s. 
.hinios  Taylor,  disrharfjed. 
John  Henwood,  died  Octobers,  1778. 
Jja/.arus  Hyan. 
William  White, 
llidiard  Roddy,  desertiMJ. 
Laurence  Keenan,  deserted, 
.lacfd)  Wheat. 
Solomon  Walker,  killed. 
NioholaH  Walker. 
William  Posten  (gunner),  ih'ad. 

Ephraim  (Jarey  ({.gunner's  mate),  died  .vuf^ust  10,  1778. 
.lolin  HurrowH,  deserted. 
William  .lohuston.  hun;^. 
Patrick  Doyle,  died  March  JS,  i7T',i. 
.Jacol)  Oadliam. 
William  Dove. 
David  Wallis. 
William  Brown. 
.J(»lni  Stampley,  diselmrKed. 
Henry  Re|)ard. 
.lolni  O'Hrynn,  deserted, 
Valentine  Polsint^er. 
Andrew  ( 'onf)ro. 
Thomas  McDonald. 


i:f 


"'^ff'^1 


VM. 


mo 


MISCELLAXEOrs  ROLLS  OF 


m 


Jolm  Kt'ily,  tlisohar^ed. 

Thomas  Mitchell,  ili.schiir>^H(l. 

.Tosepli  AikU'I'ssoh. 

Jaiiit's  McDoimld,  (U-nd.  / 

(ieortjo  McKui^lit,  sick, 

Cornelius  ConiohU',  deserted. 

Henry  Sholes,  deserted. 

.lolm  Fliniiiaii,  deserted. 

.lohn  Seenh'. 

Peter  Collins,  deserted. 

John  Roberts. 

John  Mann,  died  Au^jiist  !'.•,  177!). 

Siipret  Gion,  deserted. 

John  Bush. 

(iid.'on  Tlionuis,  died  May  17,  1770. 

Nieholas  tSniith,  died  March  23,  177U. 

Charles  SiilTroy,  deserted. 

Atlum  Jjainlmrt,  deserted. 

John  ('easer. 

1  do  hereby  Certify,  that  I  receivefl  tlie  above  named  Men 
and  OflicerH  from  Cai>tnin  James  Wiliint>-,  with  orders  to  pro- 
ce(>d  to  the  Illinois  and  Fort  Pitt  ;  which  men  are  disposed  oil 
(death  and  desertions  except  .'d)  as  specified  above,  that  is  to 
say,  such  as  end  on  the  3d  June,  177U,  having  Joined  tlie  servici' 
of  the  State  of  Virtjinia  in  the  Illinois  Department  under  my 
command,  and  for  \vh<»m  1  am  accountable.  Signed  in  i)re- 
scense  of  Brij^adier  General  Clark  at  Fort  iS'elson,  this  Six- 
teenth day  of  May  one  thousand  Seven  hundred  ninl  Eighty- 
two. 

ROUKKT  (.TK<»H(fK,    LieUtflKDlt. 

George  Clark,  B.  U. 


TENTH    BATTALION.   LANCASTER    COUNTY 

MILITIA. 


Called  out  hi/  cl<ts,ses  ior  uctudi  ,se>cici-,  Juni',  1781. 


John  Ayres. 
Alexander  Givens. 
George  Straw. 


SECOND  CLASS. 


Fimt  Coiupnnij. 

John  Bell.  Jr. 
David  Davis. 
George  Cochran. 


m 


J)avi(l  Pnton. 


,Jose|(l»  Little. 
John  Hutier, 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 

J^euoiiil  (Jo iiipa  II  I/. 

John  FltMuing. 

Third  t'oinjxnii/. 

Jaiiit'H  Walker. 

Fourth  Company. 


GUI 


James  Speuce. 
Jame.s  f'ogley. 


William  Smith. 
Tlioiuaw  Brunsoii. 


Fifth  Co  in  J  mil  I/. 

Cieoi'ffe  Fridley. 

Hixth  Compaiif/. 

Richard  Pulton. 


Seventh  Coni/mny. 
Did  not  uiarcli,  being  the  fronteer. 


Jacob  Snider. 


Eighth  ('onij.iany. 

Rol)ert    Plnnket    (marched    in 
Third  class). 


:v  m 


THIRD  TLASS. 


Michael  Stiver. 
William  Forster. 
Leonard  Shot.s. 


Jam(»s  Cochran. 
William  llogan. 


John  T'luiiiibers. 
William  Kenedev- 


George  (^^arson. 
Robert  Mcdure. 


First  Coinpanif. 

Samuel  PoIicU. 
Peter  Kinter. 
George  liell. 

Second  Company. 

Andrew  Cochran. 
Anrhony  Withrel. 

Third  Comj)ftiiy 

Willinni  Thompson. 
Richard  .Miison. 

Fourth  Com f Kill y. 

Michael  Lines. 


,Mis('KLi,,\M;<»rs  i{(H,i,s  oi" 


KOliKTll   (I.AHS. 


Waiiiucl  raiiiplu'll. 


Jaiiu's  McM  illin 
K«»l»<'rl   Hiis(«>ii 
Jacob  I.arisoii. 


I'Vrsf  (I'tiiiixuni 


'rin»ii,as  NiclcHuii, 


Si'i'iiiid  ('liiiijKiii jj 


Jann'-  <  'altl  \\  ••11. 
.loliii   WilsKii 
Willjaiii  .lainisdi). 
'riiuiuax  Asluii. 


Foiirfh  ('i>m/i(iiii/ 


HariH'y  SIhxtp. 
AiHli'i'w  Wilt'v 
]{(Mi,iainiii  Duncan. 


Jnliii  railvcr 


SnnuM'l  Unti'liison. 
llandt'attM-  Wimli'vloy, 


Mi<-lia.'l  Castlo. 
(fi'ormc  Hyci'lf'N' 


Fiftli  Colli f )i, ■  III/. 


l«>iial)(>il  Handolpli 


Si.vf/i  ('niii/iiiiii/ 


.luliii  INist  1('(  liwail 
I{icliaiil  Steel. 


(leorijfe  Prye. 
Christian  Spayil. 


Kitihth  Cam /III  II  I/. 


(leorj^e  Ijowniai). 
.loliM   Met/uer. 


FIFTH   CliASS 


•loliu  Kinter 
,|(>se|>li  Keller 
Jaeol)  \  'iil>ler. 


Ffrst  f~*onipinii/. 


John  iiMitiier. 
IMlilip  Newpecker 

■NViiliani  Nieldesou. 


lir. 


h'ffyf 


Zaeliariali  Steplu'n. 
William  ('aUlhuon 
John  Allen. 


Leonard  Sheetz. 
Fraucisi  Hurley. 


Secomf  Com  11(111  ji- 


William  MeUohertM. 
Jolin  Me("alian. 


Foiirt/i  Ciiii/iiiii//. 


Elisha  Stewart. 


Hxlx'i'l  K«'a.)f. 


ASSOCIATOHS  AM>  MILITIA. 

I<'ijlh  <  ''tni/Kini/ 

A  ml  rev.    15  Tryliill, 


John  iMcKiimcv, 


.Ini'oli  K iii^. 
Joliii  lM<-<  'fill. 


Si.rtfi  C'ltii/iniii/. 


i\  v[  liiir  « "liaiiiltt-Th. 


John  Hiiii|iH()ii. 
John  (Jorhniii. 
Willimii  Mnrniv. 


John  ( 'ochnin. 
^iiiniiit'l  .Martain. 
Jann'H  Htowart. 


.lanx's  HiK^hanan. 


John  <lrav- 


KoImtI  I'lId.T. 
John  l'\>c,klcr. 
Alt'Xaiidpr  litdTyhill. 

P('t<'r  Hronnur. 
I'hilip  Urincr. 

John  Hakcstoe. 
Philip  Etl*>». 
Williaiu  Wi«ln«r. 


ICiflhth  <  'uni/xiiif/. 

John   Miih'i-. 


HIXTII  <|,AH8. 

I<lrsl  I  'iiiiiiiinij/. 

John  fyVdf^in, 
.fnnif-   I'.min^y. 
Ihaiah  Winn. 

Sf;i;i>H(l    <  'oiii/xiu!/- 

John  Hilton. 
HamMt'l  Thonip.'<oii 


Thinl  <  'oiniininj. 


Full  rill  ('ompainj. 

Ailani  Kftc-hniilor. 

Fifth  Com  pan  II  ■ 

Haiiincl  HinipHoii. 
Adam  Vaiitz. 


Frannis  IjcriK! 

Eii/hth  fJniiiiiiiHif- 

I'hilip  Shockt-n. 
I'fttT  Shn>tfr 
Daniel  l)iinl)|i-. 


••(};{ 


?! 


II 

f. 


Janu'H  Hell. 
Jain.'s  Paycoe. 
.)  t>sst>  Weeks. 


8EVENT1I  CLASS. 

First  (Jomjmuy. 

iMosfw  Lookert. 
Samuel  Ooehran. 
JaiUfs  Hurrutl. 


I 


604 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


William  Cochran, 
Richard  McC-fuire. 
Michael  Philips. 
Henry  Hnnibarger. 

Andrew  Ritchison. 

Conrad  Bobb. 
Jacob  Smith. 
Matthew  Shaw. 


Samuel  Simpson. 
Cornelius  Cox. 
William  Vance. 
Thomas  Forster. 


Michael  Wolf. 
Joseph  Hutchison. 
Charles  McCoy. 
Jacob  Dagan. 

Adam  Vertz. 
Anthony  Frelich. 
(reorge  Merrick. 

Peter  Miller. 
Abner  Wickensham. 
Conrad  Bumbaugh. 
John  Fritz. 


Second  Company. 

William  Patterson. 
Charles  Mulray. 
John  Wiggins. 

Third  Company. 

Fourth  Company. 

Stophel  Shoop. 
William  Walker. 

Fifth  Company. 

Creorge  Sheets. 
Thomas  Galliher. 
William  Buck. 
Daniel  Roberts. 

Sixth  Company.         , 

Hugh  Crocket. 
John  Boll. 
Peter  Roop. 
John  Morrison. 

Semnth  Company- 

Christian  Vertz. 
George  Scale. 
Henry  Myers. 

Eighth  Company. 

John  Parks. 
Hugh  McLoy. 
Henrv  Davis. 


PHILADELPHIA  MILITIA-1T81. 


Jieturn  of  the  Sixth  Cln.fs,  City  Philadelphia  Militia,  called  oat 
for  actual  service  July  2,  1781. 


Daniel  McBride. 
John  Poat. 
Jacob  Shreck. 


William  Corbitt. 
Michael  Shoemaker. 
Henry  Benner. 


^Mi 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


(i<J5 


Vnleiitine  Viuholtz. 
John  Heinbel. 
William  Kepple. 
Peter  Stringer. 
William  13omberger. 
Ju(M»b  Sulgar. 
William  Mnson. 
Fre«lerick  Fissler. 
George  Perkins. 
Matthew  Foulk. 
Andrew  Vanweiler. 
Peter  Cooper. 
Christian  Shane, 
•facob  CI nm berg. 
JacoV)  Huber. 
Charles  Sights. 
Jaco)>  Slimmer. 
Jacob  Henrigle. 
Pastorius  Winn. 
James  Calleger. 
George  Page. 
Peter  Heimer. 
Adam  Rein. 
Henry  Dietz. 
Charles  Evert. 
Leonard  Jaooby. 
Thomas  Peters. 
Wtatthew  Harding. 
James  Johnson. 
Peter  Blancher. 
Charles  Darrah. 
Hugh  Kerney. 
Lewis  Reinuck. 
John  Raphoon. 
Michael  SowerAvald. 
David  Gitty. 
Thomas  Newark. 
Isaac  Niche »ls. 
John  Peterkins. 
Michael  Roach. 
Benjamin  Miller. 
Corneliu.s  Callahan. 
Peter  Simonsou. 
John  Beegler. 
Jolm  Brand. 
Martin  Wall. 


John  Springer. 
Jolni  Brook. 
Lawrence  Crochan. 
John  Philips. 
John  Freas. 
Adam  Dieder. 
Michael  Worne. 
Jai  ()b  Hempleman. 
Sebastian  Wouley. 
Jolin  Mclntire. 
James  Dnndas. 
John  Friend. 
George  Weckerly. 
John  Spatz. 
Peter  Pudan. 
John  Roiish. 
George  Heck. 
Cliarles  Rossen. 
David  Thomi)son. 
Matthew  Bryan. 
Friedericli  Burkart. 
Charles  Cooper. 
.Tacol)  Eiier. 
John  Rohr. 
Peter  Beck. 
Christian  Rosen . 
Philip  Maus. 
Alexander  Aliller. 
James  Adams. 
Thomas  George. 
Edward  ^fiddieton. 
Casimer  Dillwick. 
John  Potts. 
Thomas  Stains. 
Daniel  McDonald. 
John  Charters. 
Andrew  Thompson. 
Adam  Essler,  sergeant. 
John  Simi)son. 
Jacob  Sohns. 
Abraham  Vohris. 
George  Shaw. 
David  Giil)ert. 
Henry  Harbst. 
Nicholas  Keyser. 
William  Wunderlich. 


'^^M  ill 


m 


a 


cm 


MISCKLLANKorS  KOI.LS  OF 


J(»illl    ^ro VIM'S. 

.lacol)  Kriiier. 
<;asi».'r  Will. 
Miii'tiii  <Tilliiiuii. 
Micluu'l  Kutts. 
Joliu  (iodshiilk. 
John  lilntoii. 
Frie<leriek  Powell. 
Micliacl  lifirt  Ijolouiew. 
Jjiooh  Kabsam. 
John  Taylor. 
Lewis  Teets. 
Jacob  linrkart. 
Francis  T'ooper. 
Jo8t'))b  Hall. 
Adam  IjOH{.j. 
Jolm  Lycriiifj. 
(Teoi'fjf  Kittling. 
Robert  Kinsley. 
iSicholas  Debler. 
Thomas  (rlover. 
Joseph  Clinton. 
Tiiomas  INIcMahon. 
Christian  Sheetz. 
Henry  Williams. 
<  hxlfrey  Mennie. 
Isaac  Harris. 
Nicholas  Shr'einer. 
Cliristian  Hinkle. 
(leorge  Shall. 
IJnmi)hfy  Williams. 
John  Wagoner. 
John  Page. 
Philip  Pllager. 
James  Stringer. 
Henry  Wester. 
JMiilip  Yonng. 
Lewi.s  Garnet. 
(Jeorge  Willson. 
John  Rittinger. 
.lames  Ervine. 
Christian  Ritz. 
John  Hnnter. 
.]ohn  Fink. 
Anthony  Perkenpile. 
Adam  Matts. 


Rol)ert  iMcCnlloch. 
William  Radisher. 
Jacol)  Steinnieyer. 
Cieoi'ge  Ijesher. 
Philip  Reever. 
peter  Sliryer. 
John  Singer. 
Christian  Layer. 
John  Frondjerger. 
William  Goggin. 
Casper  Sowder. 
John  Homes. 
Friederick  Anthony. 
John  Crowl. 
John  Fance. 
Daniel  Bed  ly. 
Amos  Wheaton 
Jacob  Ritter. 
Michael  Stone. 
John  Haas. 
Janu's  Gavin. 
Charles  Miller. 
Francis  Bower. 
Conrad  Foster. 
Leonard  Croneman. 
Christian  Gentzell. 
Adam  Heck. 
George  Snake. 
Daniel  Knfxlell. 
William  Nicholson. 
Daniel  F.vans. 
John  Manderfield 
Adam  Ervin. 
Martin  Kinsell. 
Henry  Thiel. 
Israel  Barge. 
John  Adams. 
Henry  Hoover. 
George  l^ritt. 
Jacob  Shingleton. 
Francis  Woollall. 
Peter  Gordon. 
ChristophiM-  (iossner, 
John  Murdock. 
Peter  Snnlighter. 
Peter  Regimenter. 


ASSUCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


m 


Jacol>  Bost. 
,Iuet)l>  (Jroiiiley. 
Frederick  liavelev. 


IMiilip  (.'ruiiilcy. 
Ht'iiry  SiH'll. 
Diiuiel  Hiinciy. 


Philadklphia,  September  1,  1781. 

lletatii.  nf  the  Seventh  Class  of  the  Sevond  Jiattalion,  City  Pliila- 
(lelpliia  Militia,  lal/ed  iiif"  a<tual  sf-rcife. 


Eberliart  Loiif^copt. 
Henry  Beuuer. 
.John  Nonius. 
JonatliJin"  DraptM*. 
Robert  Lilley. 
John  Wocherer. 
Peter  Stringer. 
I'eter  FieUl. 
Daniel  McBride. 
Natiian  Jones. 
Josepii  Warner. 
Jacob  Hontchell. 
Jacob  Suplee. 
Jolin  Haas. 


John  Metz. 
<Jliristopliei-  Hoyerly. 
Cieor^^e  ("oopt-r.  .Jr. 
William  (Jliaiu. 
Edward  I\Io(.'oy. 
William  Hatne.s. 
Simon  Owens. 
E<lward  Dickins. 
Matthew  Piait. 
Daniel  Craig. 
John  Brown. 
John  Duj)e(^ 
Henry  Wolf. 
Friederioh  Hen.shaw 


'i: 


FIRST    BATTALION, 


NORTHUMBERLAND 

1782. 


COUNTY- 


A  return  ofoompani/  officers  in  the  First  Battalion  of  Nortliumher- 
land  County  Militia,  commanded  hij  CotonelJuhu  W/iitt.  Com- 
missioned  April  aO,  1782. 

First  Compani/. 

Captain.— Benjamin  Patterson. 
Lieutenant.  — John  Lyon. 
Ensign.— Henry  Vanderslice. 

Second  Comj)any. 

Captain.— George  Dougherty. 

Lieutenant.— Gri tilth  Kerr. 

Ensign.— John  Irwine.  •  • 


008 


AJISCELLANKOUS  KOLI.S  OF 


Tliii'd  Cumjiiiny. 


Ciiptniii.-  Paul  l^mlry. 
Jiicutt'iijiiit.     Jiu'ob  Vouiicr. 
Ensign.-  lifury  liiicluT. 


Fnnrt/t  Coni/xiiii/. 


('aptain.  —  Mirliju'l  8ht'lT«'r. 
LitMitcnant.  — John  '  '(>l<>nuin. 
Ensijjn. — Nicholas  Hod  rick. 


Ffft/i  Com  pan  I/. 


("Captain.— Dan i«'l  J-Jro.siiia. 
LitMittMunit. — Adam  Koniplu. 
Ensign.--  .John  Yi'gloy. 


ISi.vth  Company. 


Captain.  — Samuel  Auchnuity. 
LitMitt'nant.  — (laspcr  Snyiloi*. 
Ensign.  — Phili I)  Youckem. 


iSeoenth  Company. 


(""aptain.  — Lucass  'Rrosy. 
liieu tenant.  — (reorgc  lirong. 
Ensign.  —Jacob  Faust. 


CAPTAIN  SHRAWDEIIS  RANUINO  (!()M1»A  NY-17S2. 


[OwliiK  ID  the  fact  that  tlio  follnwlntr  roll  kIvo.s  ..riMirato  dates  ol'  onilHliut'iu.  ii   i.s 
ri'virlntoil  in  this  voIuiik".     See  vdliiiuo  14.  pntje  .V.t.').  ] 

Pay  roll  of   ('aj)tain  Philip   Sfira/rder's   Company  of  Rauf/e/s 
from  February  10,  1781,  to  June  1,  17«2. 

Captain. 
Philip  Shrawder,  February  10,  1781. 

Lieutenant. 
Jacob  Cramer,  February  10,  17SI ;  resigned  October  9,  1781. 

En.si(pi. 
Lawrence  Erli,  commissioned  February  13,  1782. 

Sergeants. 
Adolf  Chrysoelius,  June  13,  1781. 
Johi>  Beissel.  Marcli  '.»,  1782. 


ASSOCIATOKS  AND  MILITIA. 


Ih  itiii)ii<  I. 
J)Hiii»'l  HI.  Clair,  April  ];,  ITsi. 

.Jucol)  Kcid,  Miirrli  «,  17«1. 

.loliti  lliiiiM',  Marcii  1-i,  1'   1. 

Jnliii  Kiial'siii<l)-r,  Jiiiic  i:',  1781. 

pHtcr  Uiciicr,  Jim.'  ;2h,   i7mi. 

(fcdi-t^c  l-'iiix,  Aiif^iLst  2H,  17si. 

Jesse  Tlionias,  Aii^^iist  'JD,  17>^1. 

William  Kieliardsiin,   AIl^illst  2'.t,  17^1 

Jnciil)  Harral,  A-.i^'iisI  '..".»,  17N1. 

Joseph   Kills,   Sepleiiilier  L"),    17H1. 

John  McAuley,  January  10,  17H-.J. 

Klias  Frntclimaii,    Fehniary  7,   17^2. 

David  Murphy,  J-'eltniary  7.  17h-,'. 

John  Ward,   Fel)riiary  !t,  17s>,>. 

I'hilip  iShan<'l>er}^er,  I'eliniary  lo,  17m2. 

Leonard  Yea^^er,   l-'eiiniary  17,  I7b'.i. 

.Ineol)  llii|)pel,   Felniiury  '.H\,  17^<'2. 

Hondrita  Warner,  Mareh  1,  17»'^. 

Henry  Walker,  March  7.  17b^. 

JMiilip  Fries,  March  '21,  17«','. 

Christian  Marsh,  .March  >,'!>,  1782. 

Jolni  Weiss,   April  28,  I7.s>i. 

John  Fl>ert,   April  2'.»,  17h2. 

John  Marsh,  April  2."),  17S2. 

Micha.'l  (iardner.  April  2".).  178;5. 

(Jhristian  Hartiiian,  May  it.  I7si 

Thomas  Dyer,  January  18,  1782;  discharf^ed  March  1,  1782. 

1^'Ter  Dienu'r,  February  18,  I7s',';  disell^r^ed  Apiil  27,  1782. 

Geor^je  Hornbla/.er,  March  22,   1782;  dischai{,'ed  .\i)ril27,  1788. 

William  Taylor,  April  2,  1782. 


\ 


PENNSYLVANIA  PRISONERS  OF  WAR- 1782. 


List  of  Prisoners  at  New  York  beloUf/iiif/  tn  tin-  stuti-  nf  Vinnsyl- 
vanid,  Novembet  11».  17^2. 


David  Florence. 
James  Wood. 
William  Morse. 
Georf^e  Feinuer. 


Jacob  f'<ioi)er. 
Thomas  iiattemor< 
James  Ireland. 
GeoT'^L^e  Wjirner. 


(ITO 


Mls^M'Ui^AN^:(>l^'^  ik)I,i-m  of 


WllliiMii  IMlts. 
Williiini   Mi'ikIimi. 

.lOMvpll     S|(>\V)U(I. 

II.Miiy  WilliiiiiiK 

lidl'M    lloMtMl. 

.|i>liu  Stuiily. 
\i  >l>i'rl    i{i«<li<inlH. 
.Iiilii)   Miirsluill. 
.lohn    Minly. 
Ilciiry  JIt>rn. 
Anthony  llniiniiii. 
Waltt'Y  M«>tli«y. 

(foOI'ffO   JlMM'S, 

Klija,  Crosby. 
A<latn  liooltcr. 
Jmiiios  Orow. 
J«<hn  .loMt's. 
JniiK's  NvliiMil. 
Jolni  l''.viiif;'(on. 
David  HiiiM. 
lltMiry  Oavis. 
.lamos  I'^ryar. 
John  Hv*«rhnrst. 
Aivhihahl  Wilson. 
William  Si.'wnr.l. 
Stophcn  Grinii>s. 
.latnos  Maronoy. 
Uiohiini  Marshcll. 
Josiuin  Wlu't'U-r. 
John  O'hiua. 
En'h  Narsh. 
William  HrooUs. 
(^hasp'r  Shi'an. 
John   Hownian. 
Stt'pluMi  lN>ri\tns. 
Pt>t<M"  (iaitlncr. 
l>ani»'l  Uny. 
Mavlu'w  (fravt'll. 
Jt)s<^ph  Manin. 
Oharh's  llt>any. 
linws   Smyth. 
8tt>pht'n  l<ri«MU>. 
IVttT  Kt^lly. 
Thomati  Onndas. 
Thomas*  lireen. 


Paul  l{i|>H'y. 
Kilwai'l  MaKi'ay. 
(Joor>f<>  KIiu'h. 
('liarlfH  M«iAiily. 
i\lal  t  h»'\v  l'"iii'u:«n'. 
William  'l\>wns»>n(l. 
Anthony  ( 'urdoa. 
I'l'l.T  Stanly. 
Joiin  'rin)ma,H. 
Archihahl  llarvoy. 
liii'hard  Jonian, 
Zacliariah  <^>forth. 
I<:ii,|a  I'owcll. 
liar's  llohh'ii. 
IN'ii's'ii  ("rins, 
Joiiii  Taylor. 
Sainu.'l  i'laylii'f. 
Thomas  <  'nshiu. 
John  li<>nry. 
I-'raiifis  iM'iski'l). 
('al.  Hrown. 
William  Patii.'s. 
Jacdl)  Lnpri(>n. 
I'otor  Dikes. 
William  Wiiito. 
liichai'd  Mason. 
Charles  I'lako. 
Hi'or^o  Stant)«<ltl. 
Jann's  Ui«M«. 
Hcnjamin  Cnniin({.s. 
I>auit>l  Twi^fH;. 
I  Infill  Moary. 
P.'tcr  Stontt. 
both  Williams, 
llitharvl  St  jenwii'.kH. 
Jos»>i)h  nnrns, 
•^ohn  .\nt{lin. 
Danit'l  Mnrpliy. 
N«'m'a  (irtM'U. 
John  Ij«^tM'h. 
.lohn  Martin, 
(^hristopht'r  LoHsloy. 
William  Hardy. 
Josluni  Parnes. 
T«>s»'plj  P»'stt>r. 
James*  Matfowi'ii. 


ASiSOClATOkS  AM)  JilM  riA, 


071 


Hii'luii'il  HinipHuii. 
I'dt-r  liiiiiMoy. 

<  'ill.     8|MKHH'r. 

'riioiiiiiH  11  iiicH. 
( iiMir^t"  Hp/irkH. 
i>(i\i<l  Slo'liiiitn. 
lih^hanl  Alloii. 
'riiiMiiiis  Hryilc. 
IMk'I  Ki't'Vi'H. 
.loliii  Wliili-lM'fxl, 
'riioniiiH  Ili^^iiiM. 


M 


IMI    M 


A  III 


t'I'MIIII 


.loliii  AliiKowi'ii. 

JuhIiMII     iiilHlHV. 

ItulM-rt  WillHoii. 
.loliii  \V<'fkn. 
Jcnirii  li»'v»>rin|i{. 
.loliii  Siirvitt. 
Williniii  V^MTH. 
Most's  Day. 
Asa  (Hllxn-t. 
Juliil  Ollllilll. 
.It'nn'a  I'N'rli !!>;•. 
JiiiiH's  TowiisaiHl. 
Al(>xa.ii<lt>r  MiiHHcy. 
Uolti'it  'riioiiipsoii. 


Kal  I  ImiIoiiii'W  iMooii. 
William  .li>|iiiH|ii|i. 
William   iliMii^ati. 
.laiiD-H  KmivvicU. 
JJaiijcl  McKay. 
Joliii  'iaiilHiiii, 
.l<>H)>|ili   Hcdiii. 
(liiilcoii   liord. 
A  h'XamltO-  IIowmmI  (, 
( 'lia.ilf.1  //III  I. 
}|ciii'y  Itoilimaii. 
Jfiliii  MiiiTiiy. 
JoM'pli  I'\t|^hhmii. 
William  l(aiiloii. 
(li'or^fM  I'arU. 
Hi'ity^i'  Iti'polt. 
(<('(>i'Ki'  I'ricf. 
TlKimiM  NIkIiI. 
Joseph  Mart  in. 
(ii'orj^c  ( irovt-r. 
haiiifl  Wa.nl. 
•loliii  llaiiiill. 

.lollll      I'lllCf 

William  .loliMHtoii. 
.I'lliii  DiiiiiiHfHi. 
Williittn  .Ihiiich. 


IMIIHONKUS  WHO  V  iOl.ATK!)   I'AKOI.K 


J,i.\l    (if   AiiHiifini.    it(Jlr('rs   prismurs    irhit    luim    tioliitnl    tlnii 
ptu'dffs,  /n'lniii/hi;/  to  tin-  Sfd/i:  of  l'n)His!ff"nnin. 


John  Haiiiiiim,  (Jht-HtiT. 


f'oloiul. 


fjffpfiiiiis. 


Ht'iijamiii  Wallace,  Chester. 

James  Mc(Jliiru,  (Miester. 

Saiiuu'l  Cniiiertsdii,  Chester. 

Henry  Hamhritflit,  N<»rtliiii!i))eilainl. 

Henry  Shoemaker. 

Henry  Lewis,  York. 

Hnnvy  Clayton,  York. 


672 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Husfh  King,  York. 
Warner  Wynie,  Chester. 
Tlionius  Wliite,  Chester. 
William  Anderson,  Chester. 
Samuel  McClelland,  Chester. 
Robert  Darlington,  Chester. 
Jacob  Drake,   Hiicks. 
Robert  VanHorne,  Bucks. 
Daniel  Jameson.  Bucks. 
Samuel  Rutherford,  Lancaster. 

Lieuteuanta. 

Hugh  Baker,  Bucks. 

Arnohl  Grrace. 

Christian  Swart. 

John  Hewston,  Philadelphia. 

William  Calhoon. 

Henry  Jeans,  Northampton. 


Ensigns. 


Jacob  Myers.  York. 
Thomas  Reed,  York. 
Johix  Mulhallen,  Bucks 

John  Rea. 


Quartt7'niaster. 


OFFICERS  FIFTH  LANCASTER  COUNTY  BATTALION. 

Roll  of  part  of  Fift/t  Jiattah'on,  Lducnster  Cnnnty  Militia,  com- 
manded by  Colonel  James  Crawford,  loho  turned  out  volunteers 
ot  request  of  the  Honourable  Council  of  Safety,  on  December 
19,  1776,  and  marched  to  Philadelphia,  but  v^ere  ordered  back 
the  IWt  of  the  same  month  by  Major  General  Putnam  to 
bring  the  rest  of  the  Battalion,  and  returned  again  to  Phila- 
delphia January  30,  1777. 


Colonel. 
James  Crawford. 

Major. 
George  Stewart. 

Captain. 
Robert  Boyer. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA, 

Lieuteiiaiit. 
David  Watson. 

Htaikdard  Bearer.         -  . 
Jaine.s  Moiitjjomery. 

Quartermaster. 
•     John  Whitehill. 

Sergeant. 
Heni'v  Smith. 


673 


Thomas  Johnson. 
Tiiomas  Joiiiiston 
John  Campht'll. 


Pricate.'i. 

James  Jolinson. 
Tsaac  Martin. 
Jolm  MoFadden. 
Passed  in  Connfil  of  Safety  to  i)e  cliarged  to  William  Atlee, 
Esq.,  to  wliom    Major   Stewart   is  to  be  aceountal)le,  June  24, 
1777. 

Thomas  Whauton,  Jr.,  President. 
T«)  J.  M.  Nksbitt.  Esq. 


PHILADELPHIA  MILITIA,  1777-17S0. 


[The   following  list   is  from  an  account  for  services  rendered 
and  settled  for.  ] 


FIRST  BATTALION. 

1777.  folouel 

William  Bradford.  Esq. 


1778. 


Adam  Lechler. 
E/.ekiel  Letts. 
Charles  Syng. 
John  Linton. 


A  lexjinder  Boyd. 
43- VOL.  XV. 


(Japtains, 


Major. 


674 


1780. 


MISCELLAJ^EOUS  ROLLS  OF 

Captains. 
John  Byrns. 

Robert  Smith.  #      . 

Samuel  McLane. 

George  Taylor.  ,; 

Thomas  Bradford. 
G-eorge  Snyder. 

Lieutenant  Colonels. 

Benjamin  fi.  Eyre,  Esq. 

James  Read,  Esq.,  of  the  Pii'st,  now  of  the  Second  bat- 
talion. •• 


Captains. 


Richard  Humphreys. 
John  Reynolds. 
Lazarus  Stow. 
David  Tew. 
John  Davis. 
George  Ingels. 
John  Hewson. 
Philip  Wagoner. 
John  Kliiig. 
Isaac  Cooper. 
George  Nice. 
William  Bowers. 
John  Bergman. 
George  Forepaugh. 
John  Pisant. 
Alexander  Russell. 


Liev  tenants. 


Philip  Alberger. 
Daniel  Pohlman. 
John  Painter. 


SECOND  BATTALION, 


1777.  Colonel. 

Sharp  Delaney,  Esq. 


QnarternHifiter. 


Edward  Evans. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA, 


675 


Captatnts. 


John  Downey. 
William  Yoiin^. 
Rol)ert  Duncan. 
Philip  I'ancake. 
Jonathan  Wainright. 
Thomas!  Pngh. 
William  McCuiloirh. 
James  Hood, 
pavis  Bevan. 
Jolin  Imlay. 


John  Cornish. 
John  fiyl>ran(l. 

Edward  Paschall. 


Lieuieiiants. 


Ensign. 


^f  'I 


SECOND,  NOW  THIRD  BATTALION. 


1780. 


Lieutenant  Colonel. 


Joseph  Marsh. 


Quartermaster. 


Samuel  (Juthbert. 


James  Pearson. 
Andrew  Summers. 
Josejih  Wntkins. 
William  Linnard, 
James  J^ang. 

Thomas  Rice. 
Samuel  lioodman. 
Samuel  Scott. 


Captains. 


Lieutenants. 


1777. 


THIRD  BATTALION. 

Colonel, 


Jacob  Morgan,  Esq. 


r    ,. 


676 

MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OP 

< 

■ 

1777. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
William  Will. 

Quartermaster. 
John  .Willsou. 

Captains. 
Peter  Merlin.                                           :  .    '  ' 
George  Esterly. 
Jju  V  b  Welti  man. 
Williamson  Tolhert. 
George  Reinhard. 

1779. 

John  Peters,  Jr. 
Conrad  Rii.-<h. 

,)        i»  (u'i^^er, 
Jain^^>  \  '.'kerlng. 

• 

, 

Geo-;-       .  .th. 

17iiO. 

Quartermaster.                       v 
A»lai  .  M'    "her. 

.,               Captains. 
Alexander  Quarrier. 
John  Geyer. 
Michael  Gilbert. 
Andrew  Unrkhart. 

1777. 

Lieutenants                 , 
Theobald  Sheidall.                                       ■ 
John  Peters,  Jr.                        ^ 
E/.ekiel  Merriam, 

1780. 

Ludwig  Fohrer. 

Henry  Slirupp.                                                           , 

Ensi(;ns. 
Andrew  Young. 
John  King. 

% 

FOURTH  BATTALION.                    ' 

1777. 

•                            Colonel. 
John  Payard,  Esq.                                 , 

Lieutenant  Colonels, 
John  R.  Smith. 

, 

1780. 

Paul  Cox. 

• 

1771. 


17S0. 


ASSOCIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


vn 


John  Keble.    . 

TituH  Mat  lack. 
Edwar«l  Oxley. 
John  Wilson. 


Quartermaster. 


Lieutenants. 


Captains. 


Christian  Shaffer. 
LazaruH  }*jne. 
Adam  Foulk. 
Isaac  Anstin. 
Ciiarles  W.  Peale. 
Lambert  Wilimer. 
Antliony  Wilkinson, 
•leremiah  Fisher. 
John  McCartney. 
James  Hood. 
Etlward  Paschall. 
John  Flinn 
Jt)hn  McCalla. 
.lames  Rosshottom. 
Willi'no  ^-ample. 
.lohn  Cornish. 
John  McCalla,  Jr. 


Philip  Hagner. 


Ensign. 


FOURTH,  NOW  SIXTH  BATTALION. 


1781. 


Lieutenant  Colonel. 


Joseph  Dean,  Esq. 

Jacob  Martin. 
James  l{ossl)ottoni. 
Jolin  McCalla,  Jr. 
William  McDowell. 
William  Seniple. 
John  Cornish. 
Charles  W.  Peale. 
Adam  Esler. 
Robert  Ralstun. 


Captain.s. 


m% 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Lieutenanta. 


Anthony  Fanan. 
Tlioitias  Hood. 


1777. 


1779. 


FIFTH  BATTALION. 

Colonel 
Joseph  Copperthwaite,  Esq. 


Captains. 


George  Forepaugh. 
George  Nice. 
Sanmel  Baker. 
VV'illiani  Bowers. 
Philip  Wagoner.     . 
John  Bergman. 
Isaac  Cooper. 
Jacoi)  Bender. 
Richard  Salter     . 
Anthony  Lechler. 
Andrew  Bowerw. 
Anthony  Leghner. 

Isaac  Warner. 
Conrad  Miller. 

William  Rush. 


Lieutenants. 


Ensign. 


1780. 


FIFTH,  NOW  FOURTH  BATTALION. 


Lieutenant  Colonel 


John  Shee. 


Cajitains. 


V;f-  1' 


Christian  Shaffer. 
Athun  Foulk. 
Ehjah  Weed. 
Jolin  Barker. 
Thomas  Willis. 
Nathaniel  Twininp. 
John  McCartney. 
Isaac  Austin. 


r   7 


ASSOOIATORS  AND  MILITIA. 


679 


1783.  Alexander  Russell. 

1784.  Joseph  Greenway. 

1785.  Luke  Morris,  Jr. 


Lieutenant. 


Jacob  Ewler. 


SIXTH,  NOW  FIFTH  BATTALION. 


1777.  Colonel  and  Lieutenant  Colonel. 

Robert  Knox,  Esq. 


Thomas  Casdorp. 


Major. 


Caidains. 


Jacob  Sinck. 
John  Smith. 
Joseph  Rhoads. 
Philip  Ryan. 
Christian  ft  rover. 
Warwick  Ooates,  Jr. 

1780.  Silas  Engles. 
Thomas  Austin. 
Joseph  Falkner. 
Jonathan  Griece. 
James  Brown. 

1781.  Adjutant 
William  Robinson. 

1782.  Captain. 
Joseph  Falconer. 


ARTILLERY  BATTALION. 


1777. 


Colonel. 


Jehu  Eyre,  Esq. 

Samuel  Maseey. 
John  Ruper 

Captains. 

\ 

1 

.  i 

i 

680 


MISCELLANEOUS  ROLLS  OF 


Peter  Brown. 
Andrew  Summers. 
William  Prowell. 
William  Linnard. 
John  McCulloch. 
John  McCrinley. 
James  Lung. 


Samuel  Powell. 


Richard  Salter. 


Lieutenant 


Herf/eant. 


Pricate.s,  Philadelphia  MUitia,  1777-1780. 


Adam  Handel. 
Rynear  Gilbert. 
Philip  Lurrett. 
George  Teace. 
Thomas  Glover. 
John  Tyler. 
James  Loinerd. 
John  Brown. 
Michael  Albright. 
Peter  Bingham. 
Hugh  Baker. 
Nicholas  Walter. 
Hugh  Shaffer. 
William  Jacobs. 
Peter  Haas. 
Joseph  Keyser. 
John  Kensly. 
Frederick  Dushong. 
John  Meyers. 
John  Dean. 
Adam  Lechler, 


Andrew  Lobstein. 
John  Syng. 
James  Hendrickson. 
George  (xetly. 
Amos  Wheton. 
Jacob  Lehre. 
Michael  Shafer. 
Solomon  V^enillin. 
Thonms  Pugh. 
Jacob  Cooper. 
John  Adam. 
John  McCartney- 
Jacob  Foulk. 
John  Kuhn. 
Thonuis  Hill. 
Francis  Buck. 
Philip  Fleeger. 
John  Grover. 
Israel  Hendrickson. 
Archibald  Stewart. 


ASSOCIATUKS  AND  MILITIA. 


681 


MISCELLANEors  LIST 


Of  soldiers  nf  the  Pennsjjirania  Line,  AsNoeintora  and  Mil  it  in, 
nhc  tre/e  in  actual  service  duriin)  the  tear  of  the  liecuiution, 
1775- 178a. 


COHRKCTIONS  TO   VOhrMK  XIIL 

John  Fanner,  (lied  at  Abingdon,  Va. 

HtMiry  FiNs,  ensif^n. 

Wiliiani  Hncltie. 

William  Manlove,  captain  Flying  C'anip. 

Wiliiani  Miller. 

Wiliiani  Millt*.  instead  of  Miles. 

Daniel  Stever. 

John  Marvin,  instead  of  Marriu. 

Jolm  Watts. 

F'ancis  Watts. 

Rev.  John  Woodhnll,  instead  of  Woodwell. 

Joseph  Crane,  instead  of  Anihro.se. 

Martin  Tlionias,  ensign.  First  Lancaster  eounty  battalion, 1777. 

James  Moorliead,  second  lieutenant  ;  resigned. 

Hugh  Moore,  court   martial  man;  Third  battalion,  Jjancaster 

county,  1777. 
Jacob  Stoneman,  court  martial  man;  Tl.ird  battalion,  Jjancas- 
ter county,  1777. 
Samuel  Wilson,  court  martial  nuin  ;  Third  battnlion,  Ijancaster 

county,  1777. 
Andrew  Gross,  court  martial  man  ;  Third  battalion,  Lancaster 

county,  1777, 
James   Patterson,  court  martial  man;  Third    ))attalion.  Jian- 

caster  county,  1777. 
.John  Hays,  court    martial   man;  Third   battalion,   Ijancaster 

county,  1777. 
Daniel  Hughston,  instead  of  Huston. 
John  McGawin,  instead  of  IMcSawin. 
Valentine  Egle,  lieutenant,  Eighth  battalion,  Lancaster  county, 

1780. 
JosHj)h  Whitmore,  ensign.  Eighth  battalion,  Lancaster  county, 

1780. 
Emanuel  Duey,  instead  of  Ferree. 
Jacob  Stone,  instead  of  Haltzer. 


083 


MISCKLLANKOUS  ROLLS  (>V 


JiispiT   Moyluii,   <'iisij;ii,   Fourth   l»ittiilit)ii,  l'liilu(l<'l|tliia  city, 
1777. 


|Tlu'  Matt'ot  (!oimuisi4i«)ns  of  OiUc.rs  of  Thlnl  battalion, 
LainNisttM-  ('(Miiity.  p.  'S't't,  is  July  1,  1777.  'IMuil  ol'Sixili  liatia- 
lion,  p.  :r»H,  is  .lulyiJl,  1777.  'riiat  of  HIkIiiIi  hatlaiion,  p.  ;!T1. 
is  May  10,  17hi».  All  th«'  Imttalious  «)f  17.SU  wimnmu  aclivesyr- 
vi«?i>.  I 

Jonatliaii  Huiilli.  dii'tl  at  Aiiiboy.  OcMohcr  i;j,  ITT'i- 
John  (JauiplH'li,  IvIIUmI  OctoWcr  :W.  177(1. 

Janit's  Met 'ory,  UIIUmI  at  Fort  Washington.  NovtMuhcr  1(1,  1777. 
Diigald  ('auipl»i>ll,  tiled  in  New  JtTHey,  January,  1777. 
I'atrlcJv  l\Ic(;i.'llan<l,  kill.-»l,  1777. 
Joseph  Wa,ts<ui,  killed,  Deceniher.  1777. 
Kol)ert   M(i(;oy,  eaptain;   killed  at  (^rooked  liillet,  177M. 
William  Dean,  captain,  killed  at  C^rooke«l  IMllet. 
William  St«'rret,  captain  ;   killed  at  ('rooked  lilllet 
Willi.'im    Richards,    "standard    beartM","    Second    battalion    of 
(Jhester  county  Associators,  June,  1775. 


LISTS   OF  PERSONS 


Pensioned   by  the   United    States, 


RESIDING  IN  PENNSYLVANIA, 


WHO  SEllVED  IN  THE  WAll  OF  THE  REVOLU- 
TION. 


1820-1825. 


f683^ 


C684) 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS— 1820. 

[The  following  list  differs  from  tliat  which  follows,  the  rank 
and  kind  of  service  being  designated.  Many  of  the  pensioners, 
however,  did  not  serve  in  the  Pennsylvania  Line,  but  these  are 
not  designated.  ] 

A  litit  of  person,s  residing  iti  the  State  of  Pennsifloania,  toho 
hyice  l)een  ploced  oil  the  Pension  Roll  of  the  United  States, 
under  the  act  of  Congress  of  the  \Oth  of  March,  IHIH,  shewing 
the  rank  or  capacity  in  tohich  each  served,  and  made  in  com- 
idiance  with  a  request  of  the  Senate  of  Pennsylvania. 


William  Anil)erson,  ensign. 
Robert  Allison,  lieutenant. 
Stephen  Arclier,  marine, 
Thonwis  Anderson,  1st,  lieutenant. 


onarhan  Arnold,  private. 

nas  Anderson,  2d,  private. 


Tl 

John  x\danis,  private. 
Jonathan  Arnold,  private, 
'.leorge  Anderson,  private. 

iptji 


E 


•li  Andt 


l**t. 


in. 


rson, 
iLUoch  Auilerson.  2d, 
James  Andrews,  private. 
John  Ant  rein,  private. 
John  Akaly,  private. 
John  Allison,  sergeant  major. 
Elijah  At  wood,  private. 
David  Allen,  private. 
Mathias  Anibrister,  private. 
Elisha  Ames,  private. 
Ephraiin  Ames,  private. 
Deliverance  Adams,  private. 
A<lam  Anderson,  private. 
Robert  Anderson,  private. 
.Fat'ob  Allen,  private. 
Nicholas  Angst,  private;  d.  1718. 
John  .\nthony,  private. 
Da.it.  Alshouse,  private. 

Samuel  Anderson,  private. 

(flB.'J) 


am 


PKxNNSYLVANIA  PENSION ER8-1830. 


ChriNtoplnT  Avory.  private. 
Joliii  Arthur,  |)riviit»'. 
Jediuliuh  Adams,  private. 


Jacob  Hower,  captain. 

JoliM  Hrcwrr.  private. 

\Villiam  Kit terley,  private. 

Riiftis  HtMiimtt,  i>rivate.  '  '  ' 

Patiick  Butler,  private. 

Rohert  Bnrcklev,  private. 

Jolin  Brisbin,  cai>taiu. 

(MiarleH  Hettis,  private;  dietl  Jan'y  15. 

.James  Hoyle,  private. 

Thomas  Hum,  private. 

Dauiel  liroatlheaii,  lieuteiinnt. 

Euuiuuol  lioUinjier,  private. 

James  Brown,  Sr.,  private. 

Daniel  Bloom,   i)rivate;  died  May  21),  1810. 

William  Black,  private. 

Daniel  Bowen, private  ;  stricken  from  the  roll,  not  Continental. 

Daniel  Bergmeyer,  private.  ■ 

Thonuis  Beatty,  serj^eant. 

Charles  Bryan,  private. 

Samuel  Hnrnes,  private;  died  October  21,  1818. 

Robert  Buchanan,  private. 

Isaac  Berlin,  private. 

Frederick  Boyer.  private. 

James  Berry,  private. 

John  Buchanan,  private. 

James  Blair,  private. 

Thonuis  Burk,  lifer. 

Elijah  Bownum,  private.  ' 

James  Baker,  private. 

(feor>;e  Baylt)r,  private. 

Benony  Bates,  corporal. 

John  Hrcwn,  private. 

Georjje  Bh'akly,  private;  died  Jinoi],  1818. 

Etlen  Burroujjhs,  lieutenant. 

Alexander  Buchannan,  private;  died  March  25,  1819. 

Joseph  Bryan,  private. 

John  l^ar,  private.  .     •         ' 

William  lWuxculu>tT,  matross. 

James  Bradford,  private. 

Stephen  Barnum,  sergeant. 

Archibald  Birth,  private.  . 


PENNSYLVANIA  PKN81()NERH-1820. 


ns7 


Alexan<lt»r  Brown,  privjite, 

.lolin  F.  Ht^r.kurtli,  <lriif,'oon. 

John  H(^cker,  jnivHt*';  (lif-d  March  3,  181U 

Jeremiah  liannon,  privat«*. 

Jolin  Ueatty,  1st,  private. 

Yost  H«)rx«'r,  private. 

John  Uiirnhart.  private. 

Kf)l>ert  Hailey,  private. 

.Tolin  Brown,  private. 

•lonathan  Hrown,  private. 

(reor^e  Hnyers,  sergeant. 

Andrew  Bird,  i)rivate. 

Lewis  ]ien<ler,  [>rivate, 

Peter  BticUalew,  private. 

William    Brown,  |)rivate. 

Steplien  Bennett,  private. 

William  Blake,  ser(.feant. 

James  Brown,  '-id,  private. 

William  Bnrr,  private. 

James  l^itehanan,  private. 

Benjamin  Bosworth,  privat<i, 

Joseph  Patterson,  private. 

William  Butler,  private. 

Benjamin  Burd,  eaptain. 

Kathan  B(»stwiek,  ensign. 

Edward  1^'ss,  private. 

Ebenezer  Beeman,  private. 

Oef)rt^e  Bowers,  private. 

John  Bernard,  private. 

William  Bills,  ser^JeJ^nt. 

Htephe-j  l^allard,  private. 

Henry  Bent  ley,  private. 

I'eter  lirecker,  private. 

John  Boon,  private. 

John  B  Mison,  private. 

John  Bay  lie,  private. 

Jolin  Brennon,  private. 

Moses  Balding,  private. 

Bnrtliolomew  Bratton,  private. 

Mathias  Bnekter,  private. 

William  Blakeney,  captain. 

James  Bijfelow.  private. 

John  Benty,  'in.  private. 

Martin  Breehnll,  private. 

Benjamin  Bennett,  private. 

Daniel  Barnhart,  private. 


m 


i. 


68S 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSlONERb-lSaO. 


James  Barnes,  private. 
Nelieiuiah  Barnen,  serj^eaiit. 
Joliii  Jacob  Bower,  private. 
OJ-eorgr!  Bowers,  2tl,  private. 
TiioinaH  Biicliaiiuii,  eaptaiu. 
John  Burnliam,  private. 
John  Borry,  private. 
Tlioinas  Bowlaiul.  private. 
Amirew  BiancluirtJ,  private. 
B.'iijauiiii  Bidiock,  private. 
John  Boyle.  i)rivate. 
(reorfje  Becktel,  private. 
Jacob  BetlH,  private. 
Ellas  Bennett,  fifer. 
Pretlerick  Boyer,  trumpeter. 
Tlu)mas!  Berry,  private. 
Michael  Bit/.,  private. 
Daniel  Black,  priva,te. 
(Charles  Bison,  or  Bisson,  private. 
EI)Bne/,er  Bartlett,  private. 
(4eorf{o  Beaver,  private. 
William  Barnes,  private. 
David  Bof5ffs,  private. 
Andrew  Bryson,  private. 
John  Bhuulin,  private. 


John  (Mark,  2(1,  major. 
Francis  Carberry,  private. 
Darius  C^alkins,  private. 
John  Cuvenough,  corporal. 
Miles  Crowley,  private. 
Alexander  Campbell,  private, 
(fre-'nwoo.l  Carpenter,  private. 
Martin  C|aubuu<jh,  jn-ivate. 
Thomas  Craij?,  colonel. 
Daniel  Calla^jhan,  i)rivare. 
Robert  Campbell,  private. 
John  Craijf,  captain. 
Blaney  Cochran,  private. 
.Tohn  Cosper,  private. 
■\VllllfUii  Cline,  private 
David  Crider,  private. 
Daniel  Cross,  private. 
John  Collins,  private. 
Andrew  Crawford,  privatv>. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSlONERS-l«20. 


6»9 


Etlwanl  (JurltDii,  jinvate. 
John  UroHsan.  private, 
.loseph  Cooper,  private. 
Thomas  XJIark,  private. 
Joiiii  Car«jy,  private. 
Edward  Cavaiiaii^h,  private. 
Josei>h  Cunnin^liaiii,  i)rivate. 
Haiiiiiel  Campbell,  private. 
Andrew  Carman,  private. 
Nicliolas  Conly,  private. 
Eli  Cutlin,  (>a[)tain. 
Marmadnkt^  (JnrtisH,  lieutenant. 
William  Campbell,  private. 
Felix  Chri.stman,  private. 
Joseph  Chapman,  lieutenant. 
John  Casey,  private. 
Edward  Cochran,  private. 
John  Callender,  private. 
McDonalil  Campbell,  (ifer. 
Philip  Cold  water,  {trivate. 
William  Chadwick,  private, 
(y'asper  Camp,  private. 
Riehard  Cooper,  private, 
.lohn  ('lark,  3d,  captain. 
Timothy  (!ulver,  sergeant. 
Patrick  Carney,  private. 
Charles  Cooper,  private. 
N«dieniiah  Curti.ss,  serf^eant. 
Barnabas  Cole,  private. 
Nicholas  Cassidy,  private. 
John  Clark,  serjjeant. 
James  Clendenin,  private. 
Ebene/.er  (!orey,  private. 
Hanuiel  Callender,  ])rivate. 
Timothy  ('ollins,  sergeant. 
Jacob  (Cramer,  private. 
Isaac  ('aster,  private. 
Nathaniel  Coburn,  lifer. 
Anthony  Carner,  private, 
John  (-^lark,  Hth,  major. 
Mathias  Crout,  private. 
Samuel  Castile,  private. 
Dennis  Carrol,  private. 
Robert  ('ampbell,  3d,  private. 
Henry  Clemens,  private. 
.Joel  Cook,  private. 
4'i-Vor,.  W 


■at  !.! 


"■I'l^ 


690 


PENIS^SYLVANIA  PENSIONERS-1&20. 


Jolin  Churchfleld,  private. 
Jaiiies  Crutchlow,  private. 
Richard  Cheyney,  private. 
Benjaiuiu  Caruon,  private. 
Peter  Clemeiioe,  i»rivH,te. 
Pnter  Carrijjun,  private. 
Tobias  Cold,  private. 
John  ('ievidence,  private. 
Samuel  Cooper,  private. 
Leonard  ('orl,  private. 
John  (Jarotliers,  private. 
George  Cooper,  private. 
William  ('ollins,  private. 
Eeiijamin  (Jlark,  private. 
Henry  Coriielius,  private. 
William  Cork,  private, 
.lohn  Conway,  private, 
(leorge  Conner,  Sr.,  private. 
John  (Jrawford,  lieutenant. 


D. 


William  Donaldson,  private. 

Jesse  Dickinson,  private. 

Nathaniel  Doiniell,  major. 

John  Dornbauch,  private;  died  January  24,  1819. 

William  Dixon,  or  Dickson,  private. 

.lames  Duncan,  private. 

James  Dixoii,  sergeant. 

Samuel  Davis,  lieutenant.  , 

James  Duff,  [jrivate-. 

Charles  Dickey,  private. 

iiambert  Dorland,  private. 

Andrew  Dover,  lieutenant. 

John  Dover,  lieutenant. 

Robert  Duncan,  jirivate. 

David  Dimf)ck,  private. 

Benjamin  Decker,  private. 

Levi  Davis,  private. 

John  Deveney,  private. 

Samuel  Deliart,  private. 

Jaujes  Donolio,  sergeant. 

Tlionuis  Dill,  private. 

Denis  Dempsey,  private. 

Dani^>l  Deiley,  private. 

John  Dougherty,  private. 

Patrick  Dixon,  private. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONER8-1820. 


601 


Williaiu  Drake,  private. 

Michael  Doliu,  private. 

Wiliiaiu' Davidson,  i)rivate 

Jolin  Daly,  private. 

Peter  Dych,  private. 

Andrew  Don^jlas,  ser^'eant ;  died  November  1(5,  1818. 

Jacob  Dowdernian,  private. 

Dennis  Dunning,  druninier 

Walter  J^yer,  lieutenant  ;  died  April  2,  181'J. 

.Tames  Doufjlierty,  private. 

.Jacob  Di.xon,  {)rivate. 

Jacob  Doddridjje,  [)rivate. 

Isaac  Daiid,  private, 

Micliacl   Dearniond,  private. 

Miciiai'l  Dodson,  private, 

Leonard  Devt)U.s,  private. 

Henry  DavidhistM-,  private. 

<Jlirislian  Deiitzier,  [)rivate. 

Isaac  Dunn,  private. 

Daniel  Davis,  private. 

.Folm  Donnelly,  private. 

William  Denuinfj,  i)rivate. 

Samuel  Duidap,  private. 

William  Davis,  private. 

William  Dougherty,  private. 

Philip  Do(^k,  serj^eant. 

Henry  Doll,  private. 

Martin  Doll,  private. 

William  Davis,  2d,  i)rivate. 

JiUdwi)^  Dorinan,  private. 

John  Donahlson,  sergeant. 

Thomas  Davis,  private. 

Georf^e  Ditrick,  private. 

Richard  Dniiight,  drummer. 

Ezra  Doty,  private. 

Dennis  Dailly,  private. 

Michael  Dewalt,  private. 


B. 


Alx'l  Evans,  private. 
John  Elliot,  lieutenant. 
John  English,  i)rivate. 
James  English,  i)rivate. 
Miclui'd  Eliy,  corjtoral. 
John  Eickhols,  private. 
Edward  Edgerton,  private. 


01>2 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENlS10NEH5i-18iO. 


David  Etlgar,  private, 
John  Eokart,  private. 
George  R.  Kversoii,  captain. 
Emanuel  Ebb,  private. 
John  Everharr,  private. 
Evan  Evans,  corporal. 
John  Eldred,  private. 


F. 


Simon  Flynn,  private. 

Conrad  Fry,  private. 

William  Ferrell,  private. 

John  Furnell,  private. 

Jacob  Fetzer,  private. 

John  Faust,  i)rivate. 

William  Forbes,  sergeant. 

(ieorge  Ferdinand  Fagundus,  private. 

Charles  Francis,  private. 

Peter  Felix,  i)rivate. 

Michael  Fink,  private. 

Peter  Fleck,  private. 

George  Firing,  i)rivate;  <lied  June  8,  1819. 

Jacoi)  Flesher,  mariner;  stricken  from  roll,  not  Continental. 

Abralnim  Faith,  private. 

Consider  Fidler,  corporal. 

John  Pihsmire,  private. 

H.^nry  Fry,  private. 

Sin»on  Fletcher,  private. 

l*hilip  Freeman,  private.  * 

Samuel  Ferguson,  pri-ate. 

Daniel  French,  2d,  private. 

William  Farnshild,  i)rivate. 

Michael  Frederick,  private. 

Henry  Fratt,  private. 

Jonathan  Fowler,  private. 

Martin  Freaze,  private. 

Jacob  Fry,  private. 

Michael  Ferrick,  private. 

Zeplion  Flower,  private. 

David  Fox.  trumpeter. 

Peter  Fricker,  i)rivate. 

Peter  Flory,  private. 

Andrew  Fox,  private.  ■       ' 

Jolm  Fox,  marine. 

Nathan  Forbes,  ])rivate.  '         , 

Tlionuis  Ford,  private. 


*.'K'    i'' 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION LRS -1820. 


698 


Isauc  Fonl,  jirivate. 

(ieorge  Foltz. 

CTHorge  Funk. 

Joseph  Fuller. 

Inaac  Franks,  ensign. 

David  Forrest,  private. 

John  Finley,  niajor  by  brevet. 

a 

Jacob  (Trace,  gunner ;  <lie<l  May  4,  1819. 

Cxeorge  Gideon,  private. 

Asa  Gillet,  private. 

George  Godfrey,  or  Filker,  {)rivate. 

Robert  Gal  way,  private. 

John  Guthry,  private. 

John  Gregory,   private. 

Andrew  Gardner,  drum  major. 

Israel  Greenleaf,  iirivate. 

Amhrose  Gaylord,  private. 

Hugh  Gowan,  private. 

Daniel  Graham,  private. 

Thomas  Gilmor,  private. 

James  Greenland,  private. 

John  Cfoldy,  sergeant. 

Jonathan  Grey,  private. 

.'Vlexander  Galbraith,  private. 

John  (xonlon,  2d.  private. 

Alexander  Graydon,  cai)tain. 

Joel  Gray,  private. 

William  George,  jirivate. 

Thomas  Gordon,  private. 

Enos  Granniss,  lieutenant. 

JoImi  GriflitVi,  private. 

Stephen  Gilbert,  i)rivate. 

Timothy  Green,  private. 

James  Gray,  private. 

John  (fillespie,  private. 

William  Glendy,  private. 

George  Gangworr,  private. 

.Tacob  Glassmeyer,  private. 

Levi  Griffith,  lieutenant. 

Abraham  Greenwalt,  private. 

.John  Gibson,  lieutenant  coloneL 

.Tohn  Graham,  private. 

Jitshua  Gibbs,  private. 

.lolin  Green,  private. 


':i  n 


!1^  I 


694 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS-lSaO. 


William  Guthrie,  jirivate. 
Alplieus  Gillet,  private. 
Solomon  Goflf,  private. 
David  Gee,  private. 
Samuel  I).  Goff,  private. 
Joshua  GrifHu.  private. 
John  Gunnell,  private. 
James  Goo<ling,  private. 
Robert  Gordon,  private. 
Alexander  Gray,  jirivate. 
Isaiah  Gro.vier,  private. 
Jacob  Grigher,  or  Geigh,  private. 
William  Gillaspy,  private. 
Joseph  Gray,  private. 
Nathaniel  Gates,  mariner, 
Jacob  Griibb,  private. 
Adam  Granlin,  private. 
Asa  Geer,  private. 

H. 

Lewis  Harter,  private. 

James  Hagermau,  private. 

John  Hoskins,  private. 

Hugli  HalTerman,  sergeant. 

Israel  Harding,  private. 

Ja,mes  Heaton,  private. 

Frederick  Hubley,  lieutenant. 

James  Hutton,  private. 

Thomas  Hamilton,  private. 

John  Hannah,  sergeant. 

Abraham  Horn,  private. 

Valr^ntine  Horse,  private. 

John  Hastings,  private. 

Cornelius  Hoffman,  private. 

Frederick  Hill,  private. 

Leonard  Han.se,  private. 

William  Howell,  private. 

JameH  Hogg,  private. 

John  Heller,  private. 

John  Henesy,  private,    died  June  10,  1819. 

John  Heisam,  private. 

Geoi'ge  House,  private. 

John  Hamilton,  private. 

John  Hutchin.son,  drummer, 

George  Hoofnoggle,  (iragoon. 

John  Heminger,  private. 


PEN.NSYLVANIA  Pi;NSIONER8-1820. 


Christkin  Hul)hert,  private. 
John  Hodge,  lieutenant. 
TliouiaH  Holland,  private. 
William  Howe,  private. 
Jaoob  Holden,  private. 
Peter  Hebi)iger,  private. 


'if  IkM 


Th 


nomas  Hennen,  private. 
Abel  Hennon,  private. 
John  HoUiday,  cajitain. 
HeJiry  Hamrick,  private. 
Frederick  Hubner,  private. 
Wakeman  Hull,  private. 
Martin  Hart,  private. 
Joseph  Henderson,  private. 
Nicholas  Hart,  priv?.te. 
Jacob  Houts,  private. 
Alexander  Howden,  private. 
Melcliior  Heffli.sh,  private. 
William  Henderson,  private. 
Adam  Harboll,  private. 
George  Hall  man,  private. 
William  Hamson,  private 
Conrad  Hiles,  private. 
Michael  Huflfnagle,  captain 
John  Harris,  private. 
James  Holmes,  druuimer. 
James  Hamilton,  hospital  surgeon. 
John  Hemminger,  private. 
Setli  Holmes,  private. 
Andrew  Hendrake,  private. 
Timothy  Hall,  private. 
Adam  Happall,  private. 
.John  Hamilton,  3d,  private^ 
David  Hunt,  private. 
Israel  Hewitt,  private. 
Henry  Hilger,  private. 
Cliristian  Huffman,  private. 
Francis  Harbison,  private. 
Philip  Huston,  private. 
George  Heiber,  private. 
George  Henning,  private, 
.facob  Hunt,  private. 
Francis  Henery   private. 
Henry  Hummel,  piivate. 
George  Heckman,  private. 
Andrew  Hamilton,  private. 


pifl'i 


606 


PENNSYLVANIA  PEN8IONER8--1820. 


John  Hind,  private. 
Daniel  Harper,  gunner. 
JaineB  Hook,  captain. 
Cornelius  HaskiuH,  private. 


I.  and  J 

John  Irvine,  Ist,  private. 
John  Jenkins,  lieutenant. 
John  Johnston,  private. 
John  Irvine,  2d,  private. 
Hugh  Johnston,  private. 
Harney  Idle,  private. 
John  Jamison,  private 
Thomas  Jones,  sergeant. 
Peregrine  Jones,  private. 
Philip  Jones,  private. 
Joseph  Johnston,  private, 
.lacob  Justice,  private. 
.Jonathan  Jennings,  private. 
Crocker  .Tones,  private. 
Barney  Johnson,  flfer. 
Pliineas  Jones,  private. 
Miclmel  Jordan,  private. 
Michael  Joiners,  private. 
Jolni  Johnston,  second  sergeant. 
Gershom  Joy,  sergeant. 
Joshua  Jackson,  private. 
James  Jacobs,  private. 
Joseph  Johnson,  private. 
William  Jackson  private. 
Francis  Jamison,  private. 
Artema-dores  IngersoU,  private. 
Philip  Isenhour,  private. 
Philip  Jttcoby,  private. 
Joel  Jones,  private. 

K. 

Samuel  Kearsley,  captain. 
James  Kelly,  private 
George  Keller,  private. 
Francis  King,  private. 
Philip  Krng,  or  Knigh,  private, 
George  Kibber,  private. 
Robert  King,  lieutenant. 
Frederick  Keller,  private. 
John  Keesy,  private. 


PENNSYLVANIA  i'KNSlUNEKS-lttiiO. 


697 


John  KhiuIhII,  sergeant. 
Joseph  King,  private. 
Alexander  King,  sergeant, 
.loini  Keeniie,  surgeon. 
Frederic!^  Kenuuerer,  private, 
.lames  Keep,  private. 
Peter  Kip,  sergeant. 
Henry  Khmel^,  or  Clung,  private. 
Haninel  Koi\ogai,  niusi'rian. 
Martin  Kisenceders,  private. 
Daniel  Kongher.  private. 
Patrick  Kane,  private. 
Mieluiel  Knhns,  private. 
William  Kelly,  private. 
John  Ketchani,  private. 
William  Kernachan,  private. 
Peter  Kinney,  private. 
Adam  Kocdi,  private. 
William  Kerr,  private. 
George  Kappes,  private. 
Dennis  Kean.  i)rivate, 
Joseph  King,  private. 
Lewis  Kintz,  private. 
Simeon  King,  private. 
Samuel  Kellogg,  private. 
George  Kerstetter,  private. 
Henry  Keyser,  mariner. 

L. 

Jacob  Lewis,  private. 
Jf)hn  Lynn,  private. 
.Tosej)!!  Lorentz,  sergeant. 
Jedediah  Lyon,  corporal. 
Henry  Lipkey,  private. 
Jolin  Lock  man,  assistant  surgeon 
Thomas  Lloyd,  private. 
Anthony  Lehman,  private. 
Thomas  Lucas,  captain. 
Roljert  Lyon,  heutenant. 
David  Logan,  private. 
.Tacob  Lindey,  private. 
Peter  Lawyer,  private. 
Rol)ert  Lackey,  private. 
Jehu  Lewis,  private. 
Mungo  Lindsey,  jirivate, 
IMiilip  Launian,  private. 


608 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION ERS-1830. 


George  Likens,  private. 

Henry  Lebo,  private. 

William  Littell,  private. 

Daniel  Lawrence,  en.^^ign. 

Daniel  Lee,  captain. 

George  Lucas,  sergeant. 

Josepli  Linebock,  private. 

Jolin  Loyd,  private. 

Saumel  Lewis,  private. 

Hartman  Latliiser,  ensign. 

Thomas  Little,  [irivate. 

Lewis  Lewis,  private. 

Serring  Line,  private. 

Benjamin  Lyon,  lieutenant. 

Henry  Ijotz,  marine. 

Joseph  Ledyard,  Sr. ,  private. 

Jesse  Losey,  private. 

Henry  Lushbangli,  private. 

John  Lemmon,  private. 

Jolux  LaflFerty,  private. 

James  Lawson,  private. 

Daniel  Leany.  i)rivate. 

Michael  Lynch,  private. 

John  Lavery,  private;  died  June  17,  1819. 

Henry  Layman,  private. 

Hezakiah  Leach,  private. 

John  Lane,  i)rivate. 

•John  Lassly,  private. 

William  Leary,  private. 

David  Lindsey,  private. 

Abraham  Loper,  sergeant. 

George  Lenon,  private. 

Archibald  Leech,  private. 

Ainf)s  Lawrence,  j)rivate. 

IMattliias  liittle,  private. 

Fre(ierick  Livenberg,  private. 

IMiilip  Lesh    private. 

TlKimas  Ligget,  private. 

T\relekiah  Labar,  i)rivate. 

William  Leard,  private. 

William  liock,  privale. 


M. 


Alexander  McCurdy.  i)rivate. 
William  Magaw,  surgeon. 
Colin  McLachlin,  sergeant. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION EllB-1820. 


699 


Henry  Maag,  ensign.  ' 

Andrew  McLure,  .serjjfeant.  ' 

Elnatlian  Miner,  iirivate. 

Clement  Masters,  private. 

William  Mapes,  private. 

Thomas  McFall,  2(1,  private. 

Henry  Malconi,  surgeon. 

Francis  Maxwell,  captain. 

Jonathan  Morris,  ('aptain. 

Samuel  McMillan,  i)rivate.  . 

Conrad  Mitsco,  private. 

Barney  McOfnire,  private. 

Jacob  Mover,  private. 

Conrad  Myers,  private. 

John  Miller,  fust  sergeant. 

John  McKeowen,  private. 

Edward  McMasters,  i)rivate. 

John  Micliall,  private. 

Richard  Maliew,  private. 

James  Ma.vwell,  2d,  private. 

John  Metz,  private. 

Joseph  Madon,  private. 

AVilliam  McGinn  is. 

Daniel  McMaith. 

"William  Murray. 

Richard  Meiggs. 

James  IVfitchell. 

Peter  Mayer. 

George  Morris. 

John  McMurray. 

.Tolin  Morris. 

Charles  McLain. 

Rol)ert  McJjaughlin. 

Peter  McBride. 

Cliristian  Miller. 

James  Maxwell,  ;^d. 

William  Mills. 

Enoch  Morgan,  lieutenant  and  paymaster. 

Alexander  Martin,  lieutenant, 

William  McMullen,  private. 

John  McMulien,  private. 

Peter  Martin,  private. 

Dennis  Mooney,  marine;  stricken  from  roll,  not  Continental. 

Robert  Mtizzy,   lieutenant. 

Daniel  McFatrick.  ])rivate. 

James  Mahony,  private. 


700 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS-1820. 


Jacob  Murry,  private. 

James  Mitchell,  sergeant  major. 

Andrew  McPherran,  private. 

John  McDowell,  private. 

John  Miller,  2d,  private;  died  December  11,  1818. 

Atchison  Melhn,  private. 

William  Moore,  private. 

James  Moon,  private. 

John  Manan,  private. 

James  MtKim,  private. 

Neal  McGerry,  private. 

Conrad  Miller,  private. 

Nathaniel  P.  Moody,  private. 

Henry  McCartneys,  [)rivate. 

John  Marshall,  captain. 

Jacob  Miller,  private. 

Henry  Mozer,  sergeant. 

Jacob  Miley,  private. 

Andrew  Marker,  sergeant. 

Daniel  McCann,  private. 

William  Mason,  private. 

Henry  McEwen,  private. 

Alexander  McLain,  private. 

Thomas  McKeen,  private. 

Daniel  McCarty,  private. 

Balt.^er  Meese,  private. 

Williai;i  Martin,  private. 

Stephen  Miller,  private. 

Francis  McDonald    private. 

Patrick  Martin,  private. 

Charles  March,  private. 

John  McDowell,  2d,  private. 

John  Martin,  private. 

Christian  Miller,  2d,  private. 

David  Marshall,  private. 

George  McSwine,  private. 

William  McConnell,  private. 

John  McCoy,  lieutenant. 

.Tames  Matthias,  private. 

William  Moore,  captain. 

Claudius  Martin,  private. 

Owen  Murphy,  private. 

David  Marsliall,  lieutenant. 

James  Morris,  private. 

John  McCar,  private. 

Caleb  Miles,  private. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION ERS-1820, 


701 


William  Mileham,  private. 
Jolin  Montgomery,  private. 
John  Moart,  private. 
Jacob  McLean,  private. 
Almond  Munson,  private. 
Isaac  Morley,  private. 
Samuel  Mellon,  private. 
Alexaniler  McBride    private, 
Thomas  McDowell,  private. 
John  Mc(Ta,\v,  private. 
John  Mc('lelland,  private. 
John  Melone,  private. 
Thomas  Murray,  private, 
Jacob  Moyer,  2d,  private, 
Jacob  Marks,  private. 
Godrey  Miller,  private. 
Ada,m  Musketmuss,  private. 
Philip  Means,  private. 
Peter  Miller,  private. 
James  Murray,  private. 
David  RfcC'ollom,  private. 
John  McCracken,  private. 
Michael  Mullen,  private. 
Jolin  Murphy,  private. 
Josiah  Mills,  private. 
Robert  Murdock,  private. 
James  Martin,  private. 
David  MalTet,  master's  mate. 


N. 


John  Nicholson,  sergeant. 
Jonathan  Nichols,  private. 
William  Norton,  private 
John  Newell,  private. 
John  Nowlan,  private. 
James  Ne\vl)ury,  private. 
William  Newill,  private. 
Anthony  Nesvhouse,  private. 
William  Nichols,  sei-gcant. 
Christopher  Nev,  i)-iviite. 
.Tames  N(.rton,  private. 
Robert  Nichols,  private. 
Jonathan  Newman,  privnttj. 
Henry  Neider,  private. 
Samuel  Newconu'.  private. 
James  Neill,  sergeant. 


702 


PENNSILVANIA  PENSIONERS- 1820. 


O. 


Joliii  O'Neil,  private. 
Sttiuuel  Osburne,  private. 
Hu^^li  Otterson,  private. 
Andrew  Oliphaiit,  private. 
Murty  O'Dorner,  private. 
James  O.sboiirn,  i)rivate. 
Joseph  Orr,  private. 
Andrew  O'Brien,  private. 
Jolna  Ohmet,  private. 
Robert  Oldis,  private. 
Peter  Ox,  private. 
Henry  O'Neil,  private. 
Robert  Owens,  private. 
Adam  Oury,  private, 
Dedrick  Ourliaud,  private. 


Ciiristian  Popst,  private. 
Michael  Peter,  private. 
Mieliael  Pace,  Jr.,  i)rivate. 
Alexander  I'atterson,  captain. 
John  Parkhurst,  corjioral. 
Abraham  Parnietter,  [)rivate. 
Kenjamin  Peck,  private. 
Com-ad  Pudding,  private. 
Banniel  Pollard,  private. 
James  Peale,  lieutenant. 
George  Preise,  private. 
Christian  Pemberton,  private. 
John  Patton.  private. 
Anthony  Peters,  private. 
George  Phile,  private. 
Henry  Piper,  private. 
Henry  Pennsinger,  private. 
Aaron  Powers  private. 
Ephraim  Pract,  private. 
Elijah  Putnam,  private. 
Comfort  Peters,  private. 
Jared  Phelps,  niusician. 
Frederick  Powell,  private. 
Jnnies  Pratt,  private. 
Gitleon  Post,  lifer. 
John  Pat  ridge,  private. 
John  Postman,  private. 
Robert  Peling,  sergeant. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PEN8IONERS-1820. 


703 


Robert  Potter,  private. 
Aaron  Perkins,  private. 

Kilward  Qui^rlev,  private. 
Henry  Quick,  |.»rivate. 


Q 


R. 


John  Ryan,  serj^eant. 

Frederick  Riveley,  private, 

Robert  Richie,  private. 

David  Rainsay,  private. 

Abraham  Ribbet,  .sergeant. 

('onrad  Riniee,  private. 

Tljonias  Randolph,  private. 

Frederick  Rice,  private. 

Andrew  Ralston,  private:  died  August  Ml.  1S19 

I'eter  Reese,  private 

Thomas  Ryerson,  lieutenant. 

Isaac  Rosebro!igh,  private. 

.lames  Russell,  jirivate. 

John  Rowan,  private. 

William  Russell,  private. 

AV)i-aham  Rinker,  private. 

I'hilip  M.   Russell,  surgeon's  mate. 

Thomas  Rathbun,  private. 

John  Ryan,  private. 

John  Renison,  private. 

Godfrey  Karick,  private. 

Henry  Rowland,  private. 

Benedict  Reynolds,  ])rivate. 

Giles  Reed,  i>rivate. 

Steplien  Roberts,  private. 

Frederick  Reeger,  private. 

Benjamin  Renels,  private. 

Jacob  Rusk,  private. 

George  Runyan,  i)rivate. 

Mark  Rodes,  sergeant. 

Paul  Russell,  private. 

Samuel  Ramble,  private. 

Isaac  Ro.se,  private. 

James  Ryburn,  ])iivate. 

Micluiel  Reigle,  private. 

r'onrad  Reichswisk,  private. 

Zephaniah  Rogers,  private. 

Abijah  Reynolds,  private. 

James  Rolls,  private. 


hm  in 


i 


704 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS-lsaa 


George  Rees,  private. 
Abrahni  Roser,  private. 
Thomas  Roberts,  private. 
George  Risliell,  private. 
Isaac  Ryuearson,  private. 
Russell  Rose,  private. 
Isaac  Rayinon,  private. 


S. 


John  Savitlge,  captain. 

Henry  Swartaga,  private. 

James  Stewart,   1st,  private. 

.John  Staples,  private. 

Daniel  St.   (vlair,  captain. 

Eiiplialet  Smitii,  cori)()ral. 

James  E.    Smith,  captain. 

George  Strous,  private. 

.Tames  Stewart,  3(1,  private. 

Peter  Shumway,  private. 

Richard  Stone,  private. 

Frederick  Shrib  r,  private. 

George  S.  Searles,  private. 

Christian  Shockey,  private. 

Moses  Smith,  private. 

Samuel  Scott,  private. 

Adam  Stall,  i)rivate. 

William  Smith,  private. 

Deadlove  Shadow,  private. 

Jacob  Stoner,  private. 

Hugh  Sweeny,  private. 

Andrew  Sax,  private. 

Edward  Smith,  private. 

John  Stidinger,  private. 

Saniuei  Spicer,  private. 

John  Smith,  "^d,  private. 

Jacob  Strous,  private. 

John  Spering.  private. 

Francis  Shover,  piivate, 

.Tohn  Snider,  private. 

Henry  Shiiler,  private. 

Daniel  Salla.day,  or  Solloday,  private. 

Samuel  C  Secly,  lieutenant. 

George  ,].  John,  private. 

John  Stoner,  captain. 

Thomas  Smith.  1st,  private. 

David  Steel,  captain  ,  died  Fel)ruary  4,  1819. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONER8-18:iO. 


705 


John  Strunk,  private. 

JauiHS  Stephenson,  nia.ri;ie.  . 

John  Stephenison,   private. 
Henry  Soutliard,  private. 
Adam  St(>nel)raker,  private. 

Tlionms  Smith,  3(1,  private;  stricken  from  roll,  not  Continen- 
tal. 
(Jliristoplier  Steinliyser,  private. 
Ichabod  Shaw,  private. 
Uriah  Springer,  captain. 
Pliilip  l*eter  Schriver,  private. 
Christian  Sliryock,  private. 
George  Slotterback,  private, 
Jacob  Shiveley,  private. 
Abraham  Steiger,  private. 
Elijah  Starr,  private. 
Thomas  Stratton,  private. 
Lawrence  Speigel,  private. 
John  Stewart,  private. 
John  Spicer,  private. 
John  Shaffer,  private. 
James  Searsh,  private. 
Daniel  Stoy,  private. 
David  Stutzer,  private. 
Michael  Spatz,  marine. 
Ebenezer  Seeley,  private. 
Baltus  Stone,  private. 
Henry  Sy))ert,  private. 
Jolni  Saylor,  private. 
Benjamin  Stagg,  private. 

William  Scliiel),  private;  (iied  OctoV)er  34,  1818L 
John  Studellman,  private. 
Peter  Shears,  or  Sheese,  private. 
James  Sloan,  sergeant. 
Rii'liard  Sparr,  private. 
Moses  Swartvvood,  private;  suspended. 
James  Smith,  1st,  i)rivHte. 
James  Smith,  2d,  privnte. 
William  Scott,  3d,  private. 
Roger  Stayner,  captain. 
Henry  Stroop,  lieutenant. 
William  Schofield,  lieutenant. 
David  Sohn,  private. 
Frederick  Shaffer,  private. 
Thomas  Stevens,  private. 
Oliver  Scott,  private. 
45- Vol.  XV. 


W: 


■mp 


11 


■am 

I  k 

si    ' 


708 


PENNSYLVANIA  PEN 81  ONERS- 1820. 


MutthiflH  Schroyer,  private. 
Diiiiiul  Steever,  private. 
Samuel  Severance,  private. 
Jauieii  Satterlee,  fifer. 
.Job  Stiles,  private. 
Tliomas  Smith,  3il,  private. 
Joliu  Steel,  private. 
Henry  Snyiler,  private. 
Adam  Shoeman,  private. 
Peter  Saurman,  private. 
J)auiel  Shuttell,  private. 
Samuel  Smiley,  private. 
Andrew  Stoope,  [jrivate. 
John  Spires,  private. 
Jacob  Strieker,  iM'ivate. 
Robert  Shandler,  private. 
John  Smith,  3d,  private. 
John  Smith,  ens^ign. 
John  Shubert,  pi-ivate. 
Joshua  Spear,  private. 
J*hilip  Shrader,  private. 
IMiilip  Smith,  private. 
John  Leonanl  Spong,  private. 
Adam  Smith,  lieutenant. 
Adam  Swager,  private. 
Levi  Sterling,  sergeant. 
Henry  Shoup,  Sr.,  private. 
Joseph  Smith,  private. 
James  Shields,  private. 
Samuel  Seeley,Sr.,  private. 
Elisha  Satterlee,  private. 
Conrad  Smith,  private. 
Nathaniel  Stevenson,  private. 
William  Stevens,  private. 
Edward  Sweeny,  private. 
Ludwig  Shoup,  private. 
Ichabod  Seaver,  private. 
William  Stone,  mariner. 
Samuel  Shrott,  private. 
Jacob  Seivert,  private. 
Luke  S wetland,  private. 
Jonathan  Stratton,  private. 
Edward  Smith,  private. 
Adam  Specht,  private, 
.fohn  Sims,  private. 
John  Smith,  4th,  private. 


PE:^NSYLVANIA  pension RRS-1830. 

John  Spalding,  private. 
Stephen  Sparrow,  private. 
Adam  Snyder,  private. 
Frederick  Still  waggon,  private. 
Robert  Sturgeon,  sergeant. 
George  Scott,  private. 

T. 
Elihu  Trowbridge,  lieutenant. 

Tlionias  Thompson,  private;  died  February  12,  1819. 
William  Taylor,  tlragoon. 
Henry  Turney,  private. 
Isaiali  Tattle,  private. 
David  Thomas,  in'ivate. 
Charles  Tipper,  private. 
Absalom  Timms,  private. 
Leonard  Toops,  private. 
John  Trees,  private. 
William  Tenant,  private. 
William  (Jr.  Turner,  private. 
George  Trine,  private. 
William  Tindall,  private. 
Thomas  Turner,  private. 
Epaphras  Thompson,  private. 
Benjamin  H.  Trowbridge,  private^ 
John  Teal,  sergeant. 
William  Tanner,  private. 
Thomas  Thacker,  private. 
William  Tenery,  private. 
Henry  Tibbin,  private. 
Simon  Taylor,  private. 
John  Thompson,  2d,  private. 
Obadiah  Thatclier,  private. 
James  Toner,  private. 
John  Tudor,  private. 
Lauibert  Thompson,  private. 
Patrick  Turner,  private. 
Archelaus  Temple,  private. 
John  Tiffany,  private. 
Joseph  Thomas,  private. 
James  Thayer,  private. 
Andrew  Tryer,  sergeant. 
Ezekiel  Thomas,  sergeant. 
Moses  Tyler,  private. 
Samuel  Tnbbs,  private. 
AVilliam  Taylor,  2d,  private. 
William  Tye,  private. 


707 


7U8 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION ER8-1820. 


Isaac  Upthegrove,  private. 

John  Vangardner,  private. 
Tlioiuas  Vaughn,  private. 
Philip  Varner,  private. 
Bernard  Valentine,  private. 
John  Verner,  private. 
Daniel  Vergeson,  private. 


U. 


V. 


"W 


Stacey  Williams,  private. 
William  Williamson,  priva 
Michael  Waltz,  private. 
Robert  Wood,  private. 
Lewis  Woolf,  private. 
Abraham  Warren,  private. 
Valentine  Wei  rick,  private. 
John  Winn,  private. 
Christopher  Weigle,  private. 
Benjamin  Wheeler,  private. 
Robert  M.  Wilson,  2d,  boatswain. 
Micliael  Warner,  private. 
Andrew  Wilson,  private. 
George  Wiseman,  private. 
William  Waddle,  private. 
Patrick  Welsh,  private. 
Joseph  Wren,  private. 
Jacob  Windolpli,  private. 
John  Wort,  private. 
Jacob  Werts,  private. 
Ralph  Woolman,  private. 
Samuel  Whitehead,  private. 
Michael  Waggoner,  private. 
John  Welsh,  private. 
Michael  Wheeland,  private. 
Thomas  West,  private. 
Amos  Wilkinson,  lieutenant. 
Joseph  Williams,  private. 
Epliraim  White,  private. 
John  Wandel,  private. 
Cornelius  Wear,  private. 
Martin  Wethknecht,  private. 
Robert  Wilson,  2d,  private. 
James  Wats.on,  private. 
John  Wilson,  private. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONER8-1820. 

Edward  Woodman,  private. 

(xeorge  Wriglitmire,  private. 

Jacob  Winters,  private. 

Joseplx  White,  dragoon. 

James  Winters,  private. 

William  Williams   private. 

CHdeon  Woodinansee,  private. 

Jamey  Wilkins,  private. 

Henry  Weaver,  private. 

John  Whitty,  private. 

William  Webber,  private. 

Joseph  Wescoat.  private. 

Nehemiali  Wilson,  private. 

Alexander  Wilson,  private. 

Jacob  Whiter,  private. 

Joseph  Wel.sh,  private. 

Consider  Wood,  private. 

Lewis  Waltnian,  private. 

Michael  Weirick,  private. 

Samuel  Wharton,  private. 

Benjamin  Watson,  private. 

Edmund  Weston,  private. 

Nathan  Winton,  private. 

Jol)n  B.  Webster,  captain  lieutenant. 

Adam  Weaver,  private. 

Isaac  Wheeler,  i)rivate. 

Isaac  Wall,  private. 

Frederick  Williams,  private. 

Frederick  Willhelm,  corporal. 

Absalom  Wright,  private. 

John  Weasey,  private. 

Frederick  William  Wack,  private. 

Silvanus  Wade,  private. 

Joseph  Williams,  private. 

Ichabod  Ward,  private. 

John  West,  private. 

Joseph  Walker,  corporal. 

Jacob  Wesmer,  fifer. 

Conrad  Wills,  private. 

William  Willard,  i)rivate. 

David  Willson,  private. 

Wollery  Whiteniau,  i)rivate. 

John  Whitley,  private. 

Simeon  Wylie.  private. 

James  Winning,  private. 

George  Wilhelm,  private. 


709 


I'pi 


710 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS-1820. 


T. 


Rol)t'rt  Young,  private.  '  . 

John  P.  Yenglint^,  private. 
Jolin  You.se,  private. 

a. 

George  Ziegler,  private. 
John  Zean.s,  private. 
Micliael  Zelier,  private. 

I  hereby  certify  tliat  the  foregoing  sheet.s  of  thirty-five  pages, 
are  truly  copied  from  the  Records  of  the  War  Department. 

In  Testimony  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and 
alHxed  the  Seal  of  the  said  Department,  this  fifteenth  day  of 
January,  in  the  year  of  Lord  one  Thousand  Eight  Hundred 
and  twenty. 

J.  C.  CAhHOirx. 

Secretary  of  War. 


REVOLUTIONARY  PENSIONERS  IN  1825. 


[The  following  certified  list  includes,  besides  tho.se  who  served 
in  tlie  Pennsylvania  Line,  the  Militia,  and  those  resident  in 
Pennsylvania  at  the  time  who  were  in  the  service  of  other 
States  in  the  war.  It  differs  somewhat  from  the  list  printed 
in  Volume  Eleven  of  this  series  of  Pennsylvania  Archives.] 

A  list  of  persons  residing  in  Pennsyh^ania  who  ham  been  placed 
on  the  pension  list  of  the  United  States,  on  account  of  Revolu- 
tionary service,  shewing  the  names  of  those  who  have  died,  as 
also  those  nho  served  in  the  P^nnsijloania  Line. 

David  Alshouse,  P.  L. 

William  Anderson.  P.  L. 

Robert  Allison,  P.  li. 

Thomas  Anderson,  P.  L. 

Jonathan  Arnold. 

Thomas  Anderson,  2d,  1*.  L. 

freorge  Anderson,  P.  L. 

Enoch  Anderson.  1st,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Enoch  Anderson,  2d,  dead. 

James  Andrews. 

John  Antrein,  P.  L. 

John  Akaley,  P.  L. 

John  Allison,  P.  L. 


PENNHYLVANIA  PENSION ERS-18a5. 

Elijali  At  wood. 

]>tivi(l  Allen. 

Aluthias  Annbruster,  P.  L. 

Elisha  Allies. 

Adam  Anderson,  P.  \j. 

Robert  Anderson,  P.  L. 

.lac.ob  Allen,  P.  L. 

Nicholas  Angst,  }*.  L, 

.Tohn  Anthony. 

Samuel  Anderson. 

Christopher  Avery. 

John  Arthur,  P.  L. 

Jedediah  Adams. 

Jacob  Allen. 

I.saac  Artis. 

Titus  Allen. 

Isaiah  Adkins. 

Sliewbart  Armitage,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

rfeorge  Arnold. 

Samuel  Auchmuty,  P.  L. 

David  Austin. 

Robert  Barckley.  P.  L. 

Jacob  Bower,  P.  L. 

John  Brewer,  dead. 

^VilIiam  Bitterley. 

Rtifus  Bennett,  P.  L. 

Patrick  Butler,  dead;  P.  L. 

John  Brisban. 

James  Boyle,  P.  L. 

Thomas  Burn,  dead. 

Daniel  Brodhead,  P.  L. 

Emanuel  Bollinger.  P.  Tj. 

James  Brown,  Sr.,  P.  L. 

Daniel  Bloom,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

William  Black. 

Thomas  Beatty,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Charles  Bryan,  P.  L. 

Robert  Buchanan.  % 

Frederick  Boyer,  P.  L. 

James  Bei'ry,  P.  L.  ;  dead.  .   . 

.Tohn  Buchanan. 

James  Blair. 

Thomas  Burk,  P.  L. 

Elijah  Bowman,  P.  L. 

James  Baker,  P.  L. 

George  Baylor,  P.  L. 


in 


t,. 


713 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION ERS-1825, 


Btiiioiiy  Bates. 

Juhn  Brown.  P.  L.       ' 

Eden  Burroughs. 

Alexander  Buchanan,  dead. 

Joseph  Bryan,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

John  Bar,  P.  L. 

William  Bargenliool",  P.  L. 

Jauies  Bradford. 

Stephen  Barnxim,  dead. 

Archibald  Birth,  deail. 

Alexander  Brown,  df  ad  ;  P.  L. 

John  F.  Beckarth,  dead. 

John  B^c  ..er,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

.John  Beatty,  1st,  P.  L. 

Yost  Borger,  P.  L. 

John  Burnhart. 

Robert  Baileys  dead. 

John  Brown. 

Jonathan  Brown. 

George  Buyers. 

Lew  if*  Bender,  P.  L. 

Peter  Bucklew. 

William  Brown,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Stephen  Bennett. 

William  Blake.  P.  L. 

James  Brown,  2d, 

William  Barr. 

James  Buchanan,  P.  L. 

Benjamin  Bosworth 

Benjamin  Burd.  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Nathan  Bostwick. 

Edward  Bess,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Ebenezer  Beeman. 

Cleorge  Bowers. 

John  Bernard,  P.  L. 

William  Bills,  dead. 

Steplien  Ballard,  P.  L. 

Henry  Bentley,  P.  L.  ;  dead 

Peter  Bricker,  P.  L. 

John  Boon,  P.  L. 

.Tolin  Benson, 

John  Bay  lie,  P.  L. 

John  Brennon,  P.  L. 

Moses  Balding,  P.  L. 

Bartholomew  Bratton. 

Mathlus  Buckler,  P.  L. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION ERS-lb25. 

William  Blakeney,  dead. 

James  Bigelow. 

John  Beatty,  2d,  P.  L. 

Martin  Brechal. 

Benjamin  Bennett. 

Daniel  Bernhart. 

James  Bai'nes. 

Nehemiah  Barnes. 

John  Jacob  Bower,  P.  L. 

George  Bowers,  2d. 

Thomas  Buchanan,  P.  L.  ;  dead 

John  Borry,  P.  L. 

Thomas  Bovvland. 

Andrew  Blanchard. 

Benjamin  Bidlack. 

John  Boyle,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

George  Becktel. 

Jacob  Betts. 

Elias  Bennett. 

Frederick  Boyer. 

Michael  Bitz,  P.  L.  ;  dead 

Daniel  Black,  P.  L. 

Ebenezer  Bartlett. 

Geo  ge  Beaver,  P.  L. 

William  Bai'nes,  P.  L. 

David  Boggs,  P.  L. 

Andrew  Bryson,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

John  Blundin. 

Abner  Blanchard. 

John  Hat  tin. 

John  Brownlee,  P.  1j. 

William  lieeton. 

Isaac  Broom,  P.  L. 

Thomas  Bevington,  P.  L. 

Joseph  Hritton,  P.  L. 

Hubbard  Burrows. 

Isaac  Hrownson. 

Jacol)  Barlett. 

William  Brown,  2d,  P.  L. 

Henry   Brim,  P.  L. 

Dewalt  Bilman,  P.  L. 

Abraham  Booker. 

Jticob  Beetam,  P.  L. 

John  Hartley. 

Thomas  Bingham,  P.  L. 

Joliii  Battles. 


713 


•f,,  ,1 


i 


VI 1 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS-1825. 


;  (lead, 
(.lead. 


I)anit4  Bcrfjiueyer,  P.  L ;  dead. 

Hristol  Budd,  alias  Bristol  Sampson. 

Andrew  Hinl,  P.  L. 

Atlam  Hrantliiser,  or  Branthever,  P.  L. 

VVilliaui  Bark,  P.  L. 

Tlioiuas  Brown. 

lialpli  Boon,  P.  L. 

Leonard  Buck,  P.  L. 

.Jacob  Balnier,  P.  L. 

Patrick  Buck,  P.  L. 

Henry  Barnhart,  P.  L. 

Peter  Betz. 

William  Branch. 

Benjamin  Beaver,  P.  L. 

Edward  Burge.ss. 

Yost  Bleecher,  P.  L. 

<Teorge  Bonigardner. 

Jahez  Baldwin. 

Isaac  Berlin,  P.  L. 

William  Butler,  P.  L. 

(Hiarles  Bison,  or  Bisson,  P.  L 

Sebastian  Bowers. 

Jereiniali  Bannon,  P.  L. 

John  Clark,  2d,  P.  L. ;  dead. 

Fr.incib  Carberry. 

Darius  Calkins. 

John  Cavenoufjli,  P. 

Miles  Crowley,  F.  L. 

Alexander  Campbell. 

Martin  (JlauVjau^b. 

Paniel  Callat;iian,  P.  L. 

Robert  Campt»ell,   P.  L. 

John  Craiff,  P.  L. 

Blaney  Cochran,  P.  L. 

John  (yasper. 

William  Cline,  P.  L. 

David  Crider,  P.  L. 

J)aniel  ('ross,  1*.  L. 

John  Collins. 

Andrew  Crawford,  P.  L. 

Edward  Carleton,  P.  L. 

John  Crossan,  P.  L. 

Joseph  ('ooper,  P.  L. 

Thomas  Clark,  P.  L.  :  dead. 

John  ('ar»y. 

Edwaru  Cavanaugh,  P.  L. 


u 


L. 

;  ilead 


PENNSYLVANl A  PKNCUOxXERS— 1825. 


ri5 


Jost'pli  C'miniugliJiiM,  P.  ]j. 

Andrew  (Airman. 

Eli  Catliii. 

Marinadiike  Curtis. 

"William  Cainpbt'li.  P.  J..  ;  dead. 

Felix  (Miristiuan,  P.  L. 

Joseph  Chapman,  tlead. 

John  <Jasey,  dead. 

Edward  Cochran,  1*.  L. 

.John  (!allender. 

McDonald  Campbell. 

Philii)  Coldwater. 

William  ("hadwick. 

Casper  ('amp,  P.  L. 

Richard  ('ooper. 

Patrick  Carney,  P.  L. 

John  ('lark,  3.1. 

Timothy  Culver. 

Charles  Cooper,  I*.  L. 

Nicholas  Cassidy,  dead. 

John  Clark,  4th,  P.  L. 

Ehenezer  Corey. 

Samuel  Callender. 

Timothy  Collins. 

Jacob  Cramer. 

Isaac  Caster. 

Nathaniel  ('olmrn. 

Anthony  (.'arner. 

John  Clark,  otli,  P.  I. 

Mathias  Crout,  P.  I.. 

Samuel  Castile.  ]'.  L. 

Dennis  ('arroll,  P.  L. 

Robert  Campbell,  2d. 

Henry  Clemens. 

Joel  Cook. 

John  Churchlield,  J».  L. 

.Tames  Crutchlow,  P.   L. 

IlichaAl  Cheyney. 

Uenjamin  C^arson,  P.  L. 

Peter  Cleinenoe,  1'.  li 

Peter  ( "arri(j;an,  IV   li. 

Tobias  Cole. 

John  Clevidenee. 

Samuel  Cooper. 

T(eoimrd  Corl,  P.   \,. 

John  Carol  hers,  P    L. 


^ 


716 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS- 1885. 


William  Collins,  P.  L. 

Benjamin  Clark. 

Henry  Cornelius. 

William  Cork. 

John  Conway,  P.  L, 

George  Connor,  Sr. ,  P.  L. 

John  Crawforil,  P.  L. 

Henry  Curtis,  alias  Henry  Bass 

Thomas  Campbell,  P.  Jj. 

George  Crow,  P.  «v. 

William  Corneguy,  P.    I^ 

Robert  Campbell,  ltd,  P.  L. 

Robert  Cochran,  P.  L. 

Andrew  Cramer. 

John  Coleman,  P.  L. 

John  Cook,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Thomas  Chockley,  dead. 

William  Carson,  P.  L. 

Robert  Cuning,  P.  L. 

Daniel  Chamberlain. 

Patrick  Cavenough,  P.  L. 

John  Clark. 

Henry  Cook,  P.  L. 

Dennis  Cain. 

Samuel  Clark. 

Pliilip  Creekbaum. 

William  Cavin,  P.  L. 

Patrick  demons,  P.  L. 

James  Curry,  P.  L. 

Samuel  Campbell,  P.  L. 

Daniel  Conklin. 

Moses  Chamberlin. 

John  Campbell,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Peter  Crawford,  dead. 

Garret  Clawson. 

Isaiali  Clevinger. 

,Iam(>8  Clendenning,  P.  L. 

John  Connaway. 

John  Carter. 

F^benezer  Coe,  P.  li. 

Samuel  Chuse,  P.  L. 

Caleb,  or  Cutlip  Crumlow.  P.  L. 

Nathaniel  Coulter. 

William  Corn. 

John  Cuifcins,  P.  li. 

Joseph  Cummings. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSI0NERS-t8i 


10. 


m. 


Simon  Chesley. 
(Jonrad  Coffrotli. 
Martin  Carringer,  P.  L. 
Tlioniart  Craig,  P.  L. 
Nicholas  Conty.  P.  L. 
George  Cooper. 

William  Donaldson. 

Jesse  Dickinson. 

Nathaniel  Donnell,  dead. 

John  Dornbanch,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

William  Dixon,  or  Dickson.  P.  L. 

.Tames  Duncan. 

.lames  Dixon.  P.  L. 

Sunmel  Davis,  dead  ;  P.  },. 

.Tames  Duff,  P.  L. 

Charles  Dickey,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Lambert  Dorland,  P.Jj. 

.Tohn  Dover,  P.  Ij. 

Robert  Duncan. 

David  Dimock. 

Benjcimin  Decker,  P.  Jj. 

Levi  Davis,  1^.  L. 

.Tohn  Deveney,  P.  L. 
Thomas  Dill,  P.  L. 

Dennis  Dempsey. 
Samuel  Deiley,  P.  L. 
.Tolin  Dougherty,  P.  L. 

Patrick  Dixon,  P.  L. 

William  Drake. 

Michael  Dolin. 

William  Davidson,  P.  Ti. 

John  Daly,  1^.  L. 

Peter  Dych. 

Andrew  Douglass,  dead. 

Jacob  Dowdermim,  P    L.  .  dead. 

Dennis  Dunning. 

Walter  Dyer,  deail. 

Janu's  T")ougheri  \ ,  P.  J-. 

Jacob  Dixon,  V.  ].. 

.Incob  Doddridge. 

Isaac  Daud. 

Mi<iiu»'l  D*»ariiin<»n<l,  P.  L. 

Mieliael  PUidfion. 

Ijeonard  Devons. 

Tlenrv  T>.'i      in  i-i-r,  P    b. 


1:f -si! 


mm 


Uih 


»■ 


718 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION EKiS-lBSS 


Christian  Deutzler,  dead. 
Isaac  Dunn. 
John  J)onnelly,  P.  L. 
William  Denning,  P.  L, 
Sunuiel  Dunlap. 
William  Davis. 
William  Dougherty. 
Philip  Dock,  P.  L. 
Henry  Doll,  P.  L. 
Martin  Doll,  p.  L. 
William  Davis,  2d,  l\  L. 
Ludwig  Dorman,  P.  L. 
John  Donaldson,  P.  L. 
Thomas  Davis,  P.  L. 
George  Detrich,  P.  L. 
Ezra  Doty. 
Dennis  Dailly,  P.  L. 
Michael  Dewalt,  P.  L. 
John  Davis,  P.  L. 
Samuel  Dunham,  dead. 
Cliristian  Durr,  dead. 
James  Dickens. 
Patrick  Dixson,  P.  L. 
George  Dias,  or  Dice. 
Moses  Day. 
Jofiii  Drally,  dead. 
Jo\in  Deis,  P.  L. 
Andrew  J)over,  P.   L. 
John  Davis,  2d. 
Christian  Dtdl,  dead. 
John  Dii'Uy,  dead. 
AleXiinder  Duncan,  dead  : 
Joseph  Davis,  P.  L. 
John  Dedier,  Sr.,  deail ;  P. 
Daniel  Davis. 


P.  L. 


L. 


Abel  Evans,  P.  L. 
John  English,  P.  L. 
James  English,  1*.  L. 
John  Eich(<ls,  dead  ;  P.  L. 
Edward  Edgerton.  P.  L. 
David  Edgar,  dead  ,  P   T.. 
John  Eckart,  P.  L. 
George  R.   Everson,  deml. 
Emanuel  Ehl). 
John  Everhart,  P   L.  .  dea<l. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION ERS-l«aa 


71  Si 


Evan  Evans,  P.  L. 

Jolin  Eldred,  dead  ;  P.  L. 

Arthur  Eckels,  P.  L. 

John  Eply,  P.  L. 

John  Evans. 

Jonathan  Edwards. 

Henry  Erwin,  or  Irwin,  1'.  L. 

Casper  Ebner,  P.  L. 

Henry  Ensniinfjer. 

William  Erwin. 


I!|  1 


Simon  Flynn,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Conrad  Fry,  P.  L. 

William  Ferrell,  P.  L. 

John  Furnell,  dead. 

Jacob  Fet/.er,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

John  Faust,  P.  Ti. 

William  Forbes,  P.  J,. 

(jeorge  Ferdinand  Fagundns.  dead. 

Charles  Francis,  P.  L. 

Peter  Felix,  J'.  L. 

Michael  Finke.  P.  L. 

Peter  Fleck,  P.  L. 

(xeorge  Firing,  P.  li.  ;  dead. 

Abraham  Faitli,  P.  L. 

Consider  Fuller. 

John  Fisemire,  dead. 

Henry  Fry. 

Simon  Fletcher,  dead  ;  P.  L. 

Philip  Freeman. 

Daniel  French,  2d. 

William  Farnshild. 

Micliae'  Frederick,  P.  L. 

Henry  Fratt,  P.  L. 

Jonathan  Fowler. 

Martin  Frea/.e,  P.  L. 

.Jacob  Fry. 

Michael  Ferrick. 

David  Forrest. 

Zephon  Flower. 

David  Fox. 

Peter  Fricker. 

Peter  Flory,  P.  L. 

Auilrew  Fox. 

Nathan  ForV)e8. 

Thomas  Ford. 


) 


■> '  >■ 


720 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS- 1825. 


Isaac  Ford. 

George  Foltz. 

George  Funk. 

Joseph  Fuller. 

Isaac  Franks. 

John  Finley,  P.  Ij. 

Henry  Frankfort. 

Daniel  Finly. 

Maurice  Fftzgerald. 

Philip  Fry,  P.  L. 

Elias  Frutchnian,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

David  Ford. 

Thomas  Foster. 

John  Fo.\. 

Rufus  Fitcli. 

Henry  Fisher. 

Math  las  Foos,  P.  L. 

Thomas  Fullerton,  P.  L. 

Jacob  Grace,  P.  L.  ;  deacJ. 

George  Gideon. 

George  Godfrey  alias  Felkei-,  P.  Tj. 

Robert  Gal  way. 

John  Gregory,  P.  Ij. 

Andrew  Garden. 

Israel  Greenleaf. 

Ainbroze  Gaylord. 

Hugh  Go  wan. 

Daniel  Graliam,  P.  L. 

Thomas  Gilmor,  dead. 

James  Greenland,  P.  L. 

John  Goldy. 

Jonathan  Guy.  dead  ;  P.  L. 

Alexander  Gulbraith,  P.  Ij.  ;  dead. 

John  G«)rdon,  2d,  P.  L.  :  dead. 

Alexander  Graydon,  P.  L. 

Joel  Gray,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

William  George,  P.  L. 

Thomas  Gordon,  P.  L. 

Eiios  Granni.ss. 

John  Griffith,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Stephen  Gilbert,  P.  li.  ;  dead. 

Timothy  Green. 

James  Gray. 

John  Gillespie. 

William  Glendy,  P.  L. 


f^'.  M' 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS-lwii-* 


721 


George  (Tangwoir,  P.  L. 

Jacob  fTlassmeyer,  P.  L. 

Levi  (irimth,  P.  L. 

Abraham  (ireenwalt,  P    L. 

Jolm  Gibson. 

Joshua  Gibl)s. 

Jolm  Green,  P.  L. 

Williana  Guthrie,  P.  L. 

Alpheus  Gillet. 

Solomon  GolT. 

Daviil  Gee. 

Samuel  D.  GolT. 

Joshua  Griffin. 

John  Gunnell. 

Jame.s  Goodinj^. 

Robert  Gordon. 

Alexander  Gray.  P.  L. 

Jacob  Griglier,  or  Geiger,  ]*.  L 

William  Gillaspy. 

Jo.seph  Gray. 

Nathaniel  Gates. 

Jacob  Grubb.  P.  J,. 

Adam  Gramlin,  P.  L. 

Asa  Geer. 

Joseph  Geddes,  P.  L. 

Joseph  Grover. 

John  Ganey,  P.  L. 

John  Gauf,  or  (iraflf,  P.  L, 

Obadiah  (jore. 

Hugh  Gill. 

Valentine  Gruber. 

James  Gardner,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

James  Green,  1st. 

John  Garrison. 

Jeremiali  Geise,  P.  L 

Jacob  Gideon. 

John  Geyer,  or  Gier,  P.  L. 


dear?. 


\ 


Lewis  Harter. 
.Tames  Hagerman,  P.  L. 
Jolm  Haskins,  P.  L. 
Hugh  HatTerman,  P    L. 
Israel  Harding. 
James  Heaton. 
Thoihas  Hamilton,  P.  L. 
John  Hannah,  dead. 
4'i-VOL.  XV. 


722 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS— 1825, 


Al)raham  Horn,  P.  L. 

Valentine  Horse.  P.  L. 

Corneliiiri  HofTnian,  P.  L. 

Frederick  Hill.  P.  L. 

Leonard  Hanse,  P.  L. 

William  Howell,  P.  L. 

James  Hogg. 

John  Heller,  P.  L. 

John  HeneHy,  P.  L.  ;  tlead. 

John  Heisam. 

Cxeorge  House,  P.  L. 

John  Hamilton,  P.  L. 

George  Hoofnoggle,  P.  L. 

Jolin  Henninger. 

('hristian  Hubbert,  P.  L. 

John  Hoge,  P.  L. 

Thomas  Hollanc). 

William  Howe,  P.  L. 

Jacob  Holden,  P.  li. 

Peter  Heblinger,  P.  L. 

Thomas  Hermen. 

Abel  Hennon. 

John  Holliday,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Henry  Hamrick. 

Frederick  Hal)ner. 

Wakeman  Hull. 

Martin  Hart,  P.  L. 

Joseph  Henderson. 

Nicholas  Hart,  P.  L.  :  dead. 

Jacob  Houts,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Alexander  Howden.    ■ 

Meli'hior  Hefflish. 

William  Henderson. 

Adant  Harl)oll,  P.  L. 

George  Hallman,  P.  L. 

William  Hamson,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Conrad  Hiles,  dead. 

Michael  Huffnagle,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Jolin  Harris,  P.  L. 

James  Hoknes,  P.  L. 

James  Hamilton.  P.  L. 

John  Henninger,  P.  L. 

Andrew  Hendrake,  dead. 

Timothy  Hall. 

Adam  Happall. 

John  Hamilton,  2d.  P.  L: :  dead. 


PEiNJiSYLVAxMA  PE.\dlUxNEK8-ia25, 


723 


David  Hunt. 

l«rael  Hewitt. 

Henry  Hilger. 

Clirihtian  Hn(Ti\ian,  P.  L. 

Francis  Harbison,  P.  L. 

Piiilil)  Huston. 

George  Heiber. 

George  Henning,  P.  L. 

Jacob  Hinit,  dead. 

Francis  Henery,  P.  Ij. 

Henry  Hiiinnie],  P.  L. 

George  Hecknian,  1*.  L. 

Andrew  Hamilton,  dead. 

Jolni  Hind. 

Samuel  Harper. 

James  Hook,  dead. 

Cornelius  Haskins. 

Benjanun  Hurt'. 

George  Huber,  P.  L. 

George  Hart,  P.  L. 

Henry  Hooven,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

John  Harris,  2d,  P.  L. 

John  Hartcliy. 

Edward  Hegin,  P.  L. 

Cornelius  Hutchison,  P.  L. 

Michael  Hare,  P.  L. 

Stephen  liettJehl. 

Thomas  Harwood. 

Conrad  Hine,  P.  L. 

Robert  Hazlett,  P.  li.  ;  dead. 

John  Hawkenberry,  dead. 

.Job  Heart. 

Nicholas  Hart,  2d. 

Jolui  Hubbell,  Jr. 

James  Hogge,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

James  Hutton,  P.  L. 

Bartlett  Hinds. 

George  Hortman. 

James  Harper,  P.  L. 

Jacob  Harbaugh. 

Elias  Hardy. 

Frederick  Hubley,  P.  J>.  ;  deed. 

Frederick  Heberly. 

Benjamin  Hains,  dead. 

William  Hamilton. 

John  Hening. 


i;«i!S 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


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Ill  2.2 

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1.8 


1.25      1.4 

1.6 

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Hiotographic 

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Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


1^    >#/ 


;\ 


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<■<' 

^<''^ 


724 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSlONERS-1825. 


Jolin  Hutchinson,  P.  L. 
John  Handel  1,  dead. 
Martin  Harman. . 
Joseph  Hicks. 
James  Hughes. 
William  Horder,  P.  L. 
Jacob  Hoff,  P.  L. 
Jolin  Heller,  P.  L. 
Jacob  Hartline. 
Thomas  Hamilton,  P.  Ij. 
Andrew  Higgins. 


John  Irvine,  1st,  P.  I>. 
John  Irvine,  2d,  J*.  L. 
Barney  Idle,  P.  L. 
Artemadores  Ingersoll. 
Philip  Isenhour,  P.  L. 

John  Jenl.ins. 
John  Johnston. 
Hugh  Johnston,  P.  L. 
John  JamieHon,  P.  ]w. 
Thomas  Jones. 
Peregrine  Jones,  P.  L. 
PJiilip  Jones,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
Joseph  Johnston,  P.  Jj. 
Jacob  Justice,  P.  L. 
Jonathan  Jennings 
Barney  Johnson,  dead. 
Michael  Jordan. 
Michael  Joiners.  P.  L. 
John  Johnston.  2d.  dead. 
Oershani  Joy,  dead. 
Joshua  Jackson. 
James  Jacobs,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
Joseph  Johnson. 
William  .Tackson. 
Philip  Jacol)y.  P.  h   ;  dead. 
Joel  Jones. 
James  Josiah. 
Seth  Jewel. 
Nathan  B.  Jennings. 
Benjamin  Johnson. 
Richard  Jackson. 
Solomon  .Tordan. 
William  Johitston,  I*.  L. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION ERS-lb25. 


725 


Nicholas  Jacoby,  P.  L. 
Joel  Jones. 


Samuel  Kearsley,  P.  L. 

James  Kelly,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

C^eorge  Keller,  P.  L. 

Pranciy  King,  P.  L. 

Philip  Kriig,  or  Krugh. 

George  Kibler,  P.  L. 

RoV>ert  King,  P.  L. 

Frederick  Keller,  P.  L. 

John  Keisy,  P.  L. 

John  Kendall. 

Joseph  Kino;. 

Frederic,k  Ke  nmerer,  P.  L. 

James  Keep. 

P»*ter  Kip. 

Henry  Klunck,  alias  Henry  Clung. 

Samuel  Kokofjai,  P.  L. 

Martin  Kisenceders,  dead. 

Dani(>l  Kougher,  P.  L. 

Patrick  Kane.  P.  L. 

Michael  Kiihns,  PL. 

William  Kelly,  P.  L.  ;  dead- 

John  Ketcham,  P.  L. 

Peter  Kinney,  P.  L. 

Adam  Koch. 

William  Kerr,  P.  L. 

George  Kappes,  P.  L. 

Dennis  Kean,  P.  L. 

Lewis  Kintz,  P.  L. 

Simeon  King. 

Samuel  Kellogg. 

George  Kerstetter. 

Henry  Keyser,  dead. 

David  Kinsey,  dead. 

Adam  Kough,  P.  L. 

John  Kerner,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

John  Kerr,  P.  L. 

Am(»s  Kenney. 

Adam  Koveler,  P.  L. 

Khene/er  Keelei*. 

William  Kernachan,  P.  L. 

Rela  Kent. 

Andrew  Klinesmith,  P.  L. 

George  Kerach,  or  Kirst,  <lead. 


■   r. 


726 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONER8-1826. 


Philip  Kinder,  P.  L. 
Joseph  King,  P.  L. 
John  Keenile. 
George  Kibber,  P.  L. 
Junies  Kirk,  P.  L. 
John  Kirk. 
Alexander  King. 

John  Lynn,  P.  L. 
Joseph  Lorentz,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
Jedediah  Lyon,  dead. 
Henry  Lipkey,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
John  Lochnian,  dead. 
Tiionias  Loyd. 
Anthony  Leliuian,  P.  L. 
Tiionias  Lucas,  dead. 
Robert  Lyon,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
David  Logan,  P.  L. 
Jacob  Lindey,  P.  L. 
Peter  Lawyer,  P.  L. 
Robert  Lackey,  P.  L. 
Jehu  Lewis,  P.  L. 
Mungo  Lincisey,  P.  L. 
PiiiHp  Launian,  P.  L. 
George  Likens,  P.  L, 
Henry  Lebo,  P.  L. 
William  Littell,  P.  L. 
Daniel  Lawrence. 
Daniel  Lee. 
George  Lucas,  P.  Ij. 
•Foseph  Linebock,  P.  L. 
John  Loyd,  P.  L. 
Samuel  Lewis,  P.  L. 
Hartnian  Lathiser. 
Thomas  Little,  P.  L. 
Lewis  Lewis. 
Herring  Line. 
Benjamin  Lyon,  P.  L. 
Joseph  Ledyard,  8r. ,  P.  L. 
.[esse  Losey. 

Henry  liUshbaugh,  P.  I^. 
John  Lemmon,  P.  L. 
.Tames  Lawson,  P.  li.  > 

Daniel  Leany,  P.  L. 
Michael  liynch,  P.  L. 
John  Lavery,  P.  L.  ;  deau. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONER8-1825. 


727 


Henry  Layman,  P,  L. 

Hezekiah  Leach,  dead. 

John  Lane. 

John  Lastly. 

William  Leary,  P.  L. 

David  Liudsey,  P.  L. 

(ieorge  Lenox,  P.  L. 

Archibald  Leecli,  P.  L. 

Amos  Lawrence. 

Matthias  Little,  dead- 

Frederick  Livenberg,  P.  L. 

Philip  Lesh,  dead. 

Thomas  Ligget,  P.  L. 

William  licard. 

William  Lock,  P.  L. 

Jacob  Lewis. 

Abraham  Lancer,  alias  Lansert, 

Nicholas  Leib,  P.  L. 

La  ban  Land  on. 

Samuel  Lovett. 

John  Lorain,  P.  L. 

John  Lockert,  P.  L. 

George  LIndersmith,  P.  L. 

Matthias  Lockman,  P.  L. 

.John  Lahey. 

.Tohn  Lazier. 

Abraham  Loper,  dead. 

Michael  Little. 

David  Loveliss. 

Richard  Lewis. 

Peter  Livingood. 

Philip  Jacob  Lott,  P.  L. 

John  Ijogan,  P.  L. 

William  Lattimore,  P.  L. 

John  Lock. 


P.  L. 


.\lexander  McCurdy,  P.  L. 
William  Magaw,  P.  L. 
Colin  McLachlan,  P.  L. 
Andrew  McLure. 
Henry  Magg. 
EInathan  Miner. 
Clement  Masters. 
William  Mapes. 
Thomas  McFall,  2d,  P.  L. 
JameH  Maxwell. 


728 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS— 1825. 


Jonathan  Morris.  ' 
Samuel  McMillan. 
Barney  McGuire,  P.  L. 
Jacob  Moyer,  P.  L. 
Conrad  Myers,  P.  L. 
John  Miller,  Ist. 
Joim  McKeowin.  P.  L. 
Edward  McMaaters,  P.  L. 
John  Michall,  P.  L. 
•Richard  Mahew. 
James  Maxwell,  2d,  P.  L. 
John  Metz,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
Joseph  Madon,  P.  L. 
William  McGinnis,  P.  h. 
Daniel  McMath,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
William  Murray. 
Richard  Meiggs,  P.  L. 
Janaes  Mitchell,  P.  L. 
Peter  Mayer,  P.  L. 
G-eorge  Morris,  P.  L. 
John  McMurdy,  P.  L. 
John  Morris,  P.  L. 
Charles  McLain,  P.  L. 
Robert  McLaughlin,  P. 
Peter  McBride,  P.  L. 
Christian  Miller,  P.  L. 
James  Maxwell,  3d,  P. 
William  Mills,  P.  L. 
Enoch  Morgan,  P.  L. 
Alexander  Martin,  P.  L. 
William  McMullen.  P.  L. 
John  McMullen,  P.  L. 
Peter  Martin,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
Daniel  McFatrick,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
James  Mahony,  P.  L;  dead. 
Jacob  Murry,  P.  L. 
James  Mitchell,  P.  L.  , 

Andrew  McPherran,  P.  L. 
John  McDowell,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
John  Miller,  2d,  P.   L.  ;  dead. 
Jacob  Miller,  P.  L. 
William  Moore. 
Jnmes  Moon,  P.  L. 
John  Manan,  P.  L. 
•James  McKlm,  P.  L. 
Neal  McCierry.  P.  L. 


dead. 
L. 


L. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSIONERS- 1825. 


729 


Coniml  Miller,  P.  L. 

Nutlmniel  P.  Moody. 

Henry  McCartney,  P.  L. 

John  MarKhull,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Henry  Mozer. 

Jacob  Mi  ley. 

Andrew  Marker,  P.  L. 

Daniel  McCann,  P.  L. 

William  Mauon,  P.  L. 

Henry  McEvven,  P.  L. 

Alexander  McLain,  P.  L. 

Thomas  McKeen,  P.  L. 

Daniel  McCarty,  P.  L. 

Baltzer  Meese,  P.  L. 

William  Martin,  P.  L.  ;  deatl. 

Stephen  Miller. 

Francis  McDonald,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Patrick  Martin,  P.  L. 

Charles  March,  P.  L. 

John  McDowell,  2d,  P.  L. 

Christian  Miller,  2d,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

David  Marshall. 

George  McSwine,  P.  L. 

William  McConnell. 

Jolni  McCoy. 

James  Mathias. 

William  Moore,  1*.  L.  ;  «lead. 

Claudius  Martin,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Owen  Murphy,  P.  L. 

David  Marsliail,  P.  L. 

James  Morris,  dead. 

Jt»hn  McCar,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Jaines  Martin. 

Caleb  Miles. 

William  Mileham,  P.  L. 

John  MontfTomery,  P.  L. 

John  Afoart,  P.  L. 

JacoV>  Mct'lean.  tieail. 

Isaac  Morley. 

Samuel  Mellon,  P.  L. 

Thomas  McDowell. 

John  McOaw,  P.  L. 

John  McCIeland,  P.  L. 

John  Melone. 

Thomas  Murray,  P.  L. 

Jacob  Mover,  2d,  P.  L. 


7;W 


PEN NSY LVA N 1 A  PENSIONERS-1835. 


Jacob  Marks,  P.  li. 

(i(Mlfred  Miller. 

Adam  MuskftimiMs,  P.  L.  ;  ilefui. 

Philip  Means. 

]*eter  Miller. 

James  Murray,  P.  L. 

David  McCollom. 

John  Mc(yrack«n,  P.  L. 

Michael  Mullen,  P.  L. 

.Folin  Murphy,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Josiah  Mills. 

Robert  Murdock,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

J)Avid  Maflfet. 

James  McKinzey. 

Andrew  McKee,  P.  L. 

Henry  Miller,  P.  L. 

George  Masser. 

William  Mullen,  P.  L. 

John  McConaghy,  dead. 

William  Marx,  P.  L. 

Jeremiah  Murray,  P.  L. 

John  McKinney,  P.  L. 

ReuV)en  Mickle. 

Hugh  McElrevy,  or  McRevy,  P.  L. 

Martin  Miller. 

Zenos  Macomber. 

Daniel  Mahony,  P.  Ij.  ;  dead. 

John  Marks,  P.  Ij. 

John  Miller,  3d,  P.  L 

James  Moore,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Alexander  Moore. 

William  McCord,  P.  L. 

Andrew  Moore,  P.  L. 

Michael  McMullen,  P.  L.  ;  dea<l. 

Robert  McDonald,  P.  L. 

George  Mundle. 

Daniel  McCoy,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Mai'tin  Miller,  2<l. 

.\dam  Mushier. 

Leonard  Mover,  P.  L. 

Jacob  Miller,  2d,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Solomon  Moss,  dead. 

Philip  Mick,  P.  L. 

Robert  Mure,  or  Murry,  P.  L. 

Matthew  Murry. 

Chdrles  McCoy,  P.  L. 


dead. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION ERS-1825. 


731 


Jesse  Merrill. 
John  McKee,  P.  L. 
James  McKinley,  P.  L. 
Alexaiider  MofTut. 
John  MnQtiiiiu. 
James  Mc.Caiui,  P.  L. 
John  MeLeod,  P.  L. 
]>avitl  Matteson. 
James  McCiee. 
David  Williams  Martin. 
John  Maclain. 
Almond  Miinson. 
Valentine  Miller,  P.  L. 
Edward  Mc Masters,  P.  L. 
Levi  Alerrit. 
John  Murtin,  dead. 
Jonathan  McConnell. 
David  Marsh,  P.  L. 
Philip  Miller. 
Daniel  IMeCarty,  1'.  L. 
Jolin  Mitchell. 


r;  1;' 
:■!,  l:i 


Jolm  Nicholson,  P.  L. 
Jonathan  Nichols,  dead. 
William  Norton. 
John  Nowlan,  P.  L. 
James  Newbury,  P.  1j. 
William  Newill! 
Anthony  Newhonsc,  V.  L. 
William  Nichols. 
Christopher  New,  P.  L. 
James  Norton. 
Robert  Nichols. 
Jonathan  Newman. 
Henry  Neider. 
Samuel  Newcome.  V.  L. 
Jam  ^s  Neill,  P.  L. 
Frederick  Nipple,  P.-L. 
William  Nelson,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
Philip  Natjel,  P.  L. 


John  O'Neal. 
Samuel  Orsburne. 
Hu^h  Otterson,  dead. 
Andrew  Oliphant,  P.  L. 
Murty  O'Dorner,  P.  L. 


733 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENS10NERa-lS25. 


JanieH  Osbourne,  P.  L. 
Joseph  OiT,  P.  L. 
AntlrHW  O'Brien. 
John  Ohniet,  dead;  P.  li. 
Robert  Old  is.  P.  1^.  ;  dead. 
Peter  Ox. 
Henry  O'Neil. 
Robert  Owens.     , 
Adam  Oury,  P.  L. 
Dedricic  Onrhand.  P.  L. 
Matthew  Organ,  P.  I^. 
Richard  Ohlhain,  dend. 
AnguH  Onear,  P.  J^. 


Christian  Popst,  P.  li.  :  dead. 

Michael  Peter,  P.  L. 

Micliael  Pace,  dead. 

Alexander  Patterson,  P.  L. 

John  Parkhnrst. 

Henjaiuin  Peck,  P.  L.  ;  <lead. 

Conrad  Pudding. 

Samuel  Pollard. 

James  Peale. 

(ieorge  Preise,  P.  L. 

Christian  Pemberton,  P.  L. 

John  Patton,  P.  L. 

Anthony  Peters,  P.  li. 

George  Phile,  P.  L. 

Henry  Pennsinger,  1^.  L. 

Aaron  Powers. 

Elijah  Putnam. 

Comfort  Peters. 

.Tared  Phelps. 

Frederick  Powell,  P.  L. 

James  Pratt,  P.  Ij. 

Gideon  Post. 

John  Pat  ridge,  P.  L. 

John  Port  man,  P.  Ti. 

Robert  Peling,  P.  L. 

Robert  Potter. 

James  Par.sons. 

.Tohn  Peters. 

William  Poor,  1».  L. 

Thomas  Pierce. 

Henry  Piper. 

.Tf)hu  Pratt. 


PEN NSY L V AN  1 A  PENSlU.N LRS-1826. 


788 


Nathan  J'un-ish. 
William  Paliiiileer,  P.  L. 
Peter  Pool. 
Eiias  Polio.-k. 
John  Piitiiaiii. 
John  Polheuius. 
Aaron  Perkins. 

Eilwanl  (^iii>{ley,  1*.  L.  ;  dead. 
Henry  Quick. 

John  llyon. 
Frederick  Kively, 
Robert  Rieliie,  i».  L. 
David  Raniway,  P.  ii. 
Conrad  Riniee,  P.  L. 
Thonias  Randolph. 
Frederick  Rice. 
Antlrew  Ralston,  P.  L.  :  dead. 
Peter  Reese,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
Isaac  Rosehroiifjh,  P.  L. 
Janie.s  Rnssell,  V.  L. 
John  Rowan,  P.  L. 
Al)rahain  Rinker,  P.  L, 
Philip  M.  Ru^^sel. 
Thonias  Rjithburn. 
Jolm  Ryan,  P.  Ii. 
John  Renison.  P.  Ij. 
Godfrey  Rarick,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 
Henry  Rawlaiid. 
Benedict  Reynolds. 
Stei)hen  Roberts. 
Frederick  Recf^er. 
Kenjaniin  Renels. 
Jacob  Rusk.  P.  L. 
(reortje  Runyan,  P.  L. 
Mark  Rodes,  V.  h. 
Paul  Russell.  P.  I.. 
Samuel  Rand>le. 
Isaac  Rose,  dead. 
James  Ryburn,  P.  L. 
Michael  Reigle. 
Conrad  Reichswick. 
Abijah  Reynolds. 
Geoi'ffe  Rees,  P.  L. 
Abraham  Roser,  dead. 
Thonias  Roberts,  dead  ;  P.  L. 


734 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION EKS-182r,. 


(i«'orge  RiHiu'll,  P.  ],. 
Isniu!  liyiiettrKoii. 
RnKst'll  KoHe. 
Natlmii  Rowlny. 
(JlirJHtiau  Rillerr. 
Saitiuel  Uuttiri. 
James  Reed,  P.  L. 
John  Ryan,  2(1. 
Peter  R^ulabadi,  P.  L. 
Conrad  Rnnnion. 
Simon  RockwootI,  dt-ad. 
Amos  Roberts,  1'.  L. 
James  Reed,  P.  L. 
Josepli  Roberts,  P.  L. 
Simon  RnfTcorn,  1*.  L. 
William  Robinson,  1*.  L. 
Thomas  Ryerson. 
Reuben  Rowley. 
William  Russeil,  P.  T.. 


I.. 


.  L. 


John  Savidge,  P.  L. 
Henry  Swartaga. 
James  Stewart,  1st,  ]*.  L. 
John  Staples. 
Daniel  St.  Clair,  P.  L. 
Eliplialet  Sniitli. 
James  E.  Smith,  P.  L. 
George  Strons,  dead. 
James  Stewart,  2d,  P 
Peter  Shumway. 
Richard  Stone,  P.  L. 
Frederick  Shriber,  P. 
Christian  Sliockey,  P 
Moses  Smith. 

Samuel  Scott,  P.  L.  ;  dea<i. 
Adam  Stall. 
William  Smith,  P.  L. 
Deadlove  Shadow,  P 
Jacol)  St  oner,  P.  L. 
Hugh  Sweeny.  P.  L. 
Edward  Smith,  P.  L. 
John  Stetlinger,  P.  L. 
Samuel  Spicer,  P.  L. 
John  Smitli,  2d,  P.  L. 
Jacob  Strous,  dead. 
John  Spering,  P.  L. 


;  dead. 
L. 

dead. 


VE2i  N  S  Y  L  V  A  N  i  A  PE^  SI  O.N  E  KS- 1  »2  J. 


i:j.i 


PrarKriH  Hnover,  1*.  L. 

John  iSiiider. 

Hutiry  Uhiili>r,  «l(*u<l. 

Duiiiel  Ualliday,  or  Sullotlay,  ]'.  L. 

HamiK-I  C.  S«  »'ly. 

Oeoi-fj.'  J.  Hoiin,  T.    L. 

ThoiiuiH  Smith,  1st,  V.  L. 

John  Strunk,  J'.  L. 

JaiiM's  Stcphfiison. 

John  Stt'pl>»'n>>on,  1'.  L. 

Henry  tSontlmnl. 

A<lani  Stonehrakor. 

(JhriHtopher  Htt-inliyzt-r,   P.  I.. 

l(*ha>>o(f  Shaw. 

Philip  Pi't«M-  Sclnivt-r,  P.  L. 

(Jhristian  Shryock,  P.  ii.  :  dead. 

(ieorj^e  Slottt'riiack,  P.  I.. 

Jacob  ShivHly.  I'.  I.. 

Altrahani  St^'if^cr,  P.  Ji.  ;  dfad. 

Elijah  Starr,  P.  L. 

Thomas  St  ration. 

IwiwrcnoH  Sp«*if^lt',  1'.  L. 

John  Stewart,  P.  L. 

Jansps  S«'Hr(di.  dead. 

Daniid  Stoy,  P.  L. 

David  Stalzpr,  I*.  L. 

Michatd  Spat/. 

Ehenezer  S<»ely. 

Bait  us  Stone,  P.  L. 

Henry  Sypert. 

John  Saylor,  P.  L. 

Benjamin  Stagg,  P.  1j. 

William  Stdieil),  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

John  Studlenmn,  P.  Ti. 

James  Sloan,  P.  L.  ;  «leatl. 

Richard  Si>arr. 

Moses  Swart wr)od.  P.  L. 

James  Smith,  P.  Ii.  ;  dead. 

James  Snuth,  2<1. 

William  Scott,  2(1,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Roger  Stayner,  P.  L. 

Henry  Stroop,  P.  I-. 

William  Schofleld,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

David  Sohn,  P.  L. 

Frederick  Shaffer.  F*.  L.  ;  «lead. 

Thomas  Stevens. 


786 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSlONERiS-1835. 


Matthias  Bhroyer. 

Daniel  Steever,  P.  Ij. 

Samuel  Severance. 

James  Satterlee. 

Jol)  Stiles. 

Thomas  Smith,  3cl,  dead 

John  Steel. 

Henry  Snyder,  P.  L. 

Adam  Shoeman,  P.  L. 

Daniel  Shnttell,  P.  L. 

Sumnel  Smiley,  P.  L 

Andrew  Stoope. 

John  Spires. 

Jacob  Stacker,  P.  L. 

Robert  Shandler. 

John  Smith,  3ci. 

John  Smith. 

John  Shubert,  P.  L.  ;  dead. 

Joshua  Spear. 

Philip  Shreder,  dead. 

Philip  Smith. 

John  Leonard  Spoiifj,  1'.  L. 

Adam  Smith. 

Adam  Swager,  P.  L. 

Levi  Sterling. 

Henry  Shoup,  Sr.,  P.  L. 

Joseph  Smith. 

James  Shields,  P.  L. 

Samuel  Seely,  P.  L. 

Elisha  Satterlee. 

Conrad  Smith. 

Nathaniel  Stevenson,  P.  L. 

William  Stevens,  P.  L. 

Edward  Sweeny,  P.  L. 

Ludwig  Shoup,  P.  L. 

William  Stone  . 

Samuel  Shrott,  P.  L. 

Jacob  Seivert,  P.  L. 

Luke  S  wet  land,  dead. 

Edward  Snjith,  P.  Ij. 

Adam  Specht,  P.  L. 

John  Sims. 

John  Smith,  4th,  P.  li. 

John  Spalding. 

Adam  Snyder,  P.  L. 

Frederick  Stillwaggon,  P.  L.  j  dead. 


PEN  XS  Y  L  V  AM  A  PENSION'  EKS-18a5, 


737 


Robert  SturgeDU.  P.  T.. 

George  Scott,  P.  L. 

John  Schneider. 

George  Stewart,  P.  L.  .  deml 

Jo.<eph  Stilwcll. 

Nicholas  Shenefelt,  P.  I..    . 

i)avid  Sultz,  P.  L. 

Jacol>  Springer,  dead 

H  ^nry  Skinn«'r. 

l>avid  Shearer. 

Henry  Sampson. 

Michael  Shnlr/.  P.  L. 

Lemuel  Standlief. 

Alexander  Stevenson,  P.  I* 

•John  Stoner,  P.  L. 

Benjamin  Sweeten. 

Antliew  Sanils,  1*.  L. 

!Nehemlah  Sherwood. 

Robert  Shei)her(l.  P.  L 

Peler  Smith,  P.  L. 

Jonathan  Scott,  P.  L. 

Henjamin  Seely,  Ist. 

Thomas  ShalTer,  P.  L. 

Iriiih  Si)ringer. 

[Nicholas  Salebammer.  P.  Ti. 

Hugh  Stewart,  P.  L.  :  ilead. 

George  SiiTch. 

.I<)natlian  Stratton. 

Kphraim  Sutton.  P.  L 

(reorge  S.  Searles. 

Samuel  Sidter. 

jNfichael  Scott. 

James  Steed,  P.  L. 

Ichai)od  Seaver. 

Stephen  Spiirrow. 

David  Shearer. 

Mathias  Shaner. 

Roger  Stayner.  P.  Ti. 

Andrew  Sax,  P    L. 


I; 


Henry  Turney.  deail. 
Isaiah  Tut  tie. 
David  Thomas,  P.  I.. 
Charles  Tipper.  P.  L. 
AbHjdoni  Timms. 
Leon.'ird  Toops,  P.  Ti. 
47-VoL.  XV. 


788 


PENiNSYLVANIA  PENSlONERS-lSaflk 


John  TrefH,  P.  L. 
Williuiii  IVnant,  P.  Jj, 
Williaiu  a.  Turner.  P.  L. 
Gt'oi-tjt*  TiiiH',  1>.  L. 
VVilliuin  Tiiulall. 
Tlummn  Turner. 
Epiiphnis  Tliouipson. 
Williaui  Tye,  P.  L. 
lienjamin  A.  Tr^wbriilge. 
John  Teal.  P.  L. 
Williaiu  Tanner,  P.  L. 
William  Teuery. 
lienry  Til)bi'u,  P.  Ij.  ;  iloaiL 
Simon  Tnyior,  P.  L. 
Obetliah  Thatcher, 
•laujes  Toner. 
•John  Tudor,  dead, 
liaiiihert  Thompson,  dead. 
Patrick  Turner,  1'.   L. 
Arciiflaus  Temple. 
John  TilTany. 
.loseph  Thomas, 
.lames  Thayer. 
.Vndrcw  Tryer,  P.  in. 
Hzekiel  Thoiuas. 
Moses  Tyler. 
Sauuu'l  Til  1)1  )s. 
William  Taylor,  'hi. 
William  Toild,  J'.  1.. 
(Solon  Trescott. 
.lohn  Thompson,  hi,  P.  L. 
l>avid  Taylor. 
Daniel  Turner.  P.  L. 
JmcoI)  Thrush,  P.  L. 
Joseph  Thayer. 
John  Tavlor. 


I     . 


Isaac  I;pthejj;rove. 

John  Vnnj?i»rdner.  P.  L. 
Thonuis  Vaufihn.  1*.  L. 
Philip  Varner,  P.  L. 
John  Verner,  P.  L. 
Daniel  Ver^feson. 
Abraham  Van  Fleet. 
John  Vanarsdala. 


PENNSYLVANIA   PL:N81UNEUS-1«35. 


7:^9 


fttacHV  WilliiiiMs.  P.  L.  ;  ilead. 

Williuiii  WilliiiiMson. 

Mic'huHl  Willi/,.  P.  L. 

l{i>l)i'rt  Wood. 

Jje.vis  Woolf. 

V'iilfiit  iiic  WfirifU,  I*    L. 

( 'liii><t«>i>lit'i'  W«'iKl<'- 

1-Ji'iiJiimin  Wlit't'ltT. 

Mii'liiu'l  NVunicf,  P.   I/. 

William  Wa.ldli',  P.   L. 

Patri<'k   Welsh. 

Joseph  Wren,  I*.  L. 

Ja«'t>l)  Windolph,  1'.  L 

Joliu  Wort. 

Jacoh  Wert/,,  P.  L. 

Kalph  Woolman. 

8aiiiiiel  Whitehead. 

Michael  WiiiiLfoiier. 

.JoJiM  Wel.-h. 

Aiieliil    1  Wiieelail,   P.    \. 

'riioiiia.s  West,  P.    1.. 

Amos  Wilkinson.  P.   ],. 

.Tftseph  WMliiams,  1*.   L. 

Ei)iiraim  While. 

.Jolni  Wnndel. 

Cornelius  Wear,  P.  L. 

Martin  WethUneelit,  1>.  L. 

Robert  Wilson.  ',2d.  P.  L    ;  dead 

James  Watson,  dead. 

John  Wilson,  P.  L. 

Edward  Woodman. 

(feopf^e  W^ri<^ht  mire 

Jacob  Winters. 

•  fosepli  White,   P.    I., 

Jamus  Winters,  P.   L. 

Williiim  WiHianis. 

Cf ideon  Woodmansee. 

.lames  WilUins,  P.   I,. 

Henry  Weaver.  P.  L. 

John  Whitty. 

William  Wel)l)er. 

•Joseph  Wt  scoat. 

Neheniiali  Wilson. 

Joseph  Welsh,  P.   L. 

Con^ider  Wood,  (K>ad. 

LfWiH  Wftltmnn,  dead;  P.  I.. 


IV    r.  ;  dead. 


740 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION ERS-Ibaj. 


Michael  VVeirick. 

Samuel  Wharton,  tlenil ;  P.  L. 

Benjamin  Watson,  P.  L. 

Ednuind  Weston. 

Adam  Wtaver,  P.  L. 

Isaac  Wheeler. 

Isaac  Wall,  P.   L. 

Frederick  Williams. 

Frederick  Willheim. 

George  Wilhelm,  dt-nd. 

Absalom  Wright. 

Frederiek  W.  Wack. 

Si!  van  us  Wade. 

Jo-ieph  Williams. 

.John  West. 

Joseph  Walker. 

.laoob  Wisner,  P.  L. 

.John  Wesey,  P.  I.. 

(\)nrad  Wills,  P.  L.  :  dt^nd. 

William  Willanl,  V.  L. 

l^avid  Willson. 

Wollery  Whitenmn,  P.   L. 

•Tohn  Whiteley. 

Sijnon  Wylie. 

James  Winning,  P.  L.  ;  At  ad. 

Daniel  Welker,  P.  L.  :  dead. 

Henry  Walker,  dead. 

.John  Wetz,  P.  L. 

I^Iichael  Weaver,  dead. 

John  Warner. 

William  White,  P.  L. 

Edward  Walker. 

Samuel  WooilrtitT. 

Ephraim  Woodrult. 

Silas  Woleut.  P.   L. 

Nathan  Winton. 

(talbreath  Wilson. 

Robert  M.   Wilson,  '^d. 

Miehael  Wisler,  P.  L, 

Isaac  Woodruff. 

BariK^y  Welts,  P.  L. 

•lohn  P.  Webster,  P.   L. 

(ieorge  Wisennm.  P.  L. 

.Joseph  Whipple. 

Andrew  Wilson.  J^  L. 

lehabod  Ward,  dead. 


PENNSYLVANIA  PENSION  KKS-lbiio. 


741 


r+eorgt'  Watjgoiier. 
J^)weph  Ward. 

Uobert  Young,  P.  L. 
.John  F.  Yengling. 
Jf»hn  Youse,  P.  L. 
Henry  Yebel. 

(teorge  Ziegler. 
Jolin  Zeans,  P,  L. 
Michael  Zaller    P.  L. 
John  Zelhier,  P.  L. 

I  hernhy  certify  that  the  foregoing  pages,  numbered  from 
f)ne  to  forty-two,  are  truly  copieil  from  the  Pension  rolls  in 
this  Department. 

J.  Ij.  Edwards. 

I  hereby  certify  that  James  Lewis  Edwards,  who  lias  signed 
the  foregoing  certilieate,  is  cluirged  with  the  superintendence 
of  the  Pension  business,  and  the  keeping  of  the  rolls  and  all 
papers  in  relation  to  siiid  business  in  the  i)epartment  of  War; 
and  that  to  his  certificate  full  faith  and  credit  are  to  be  given. 
In  testimony  whereof  I  have  caused  the  seal  of  the  said  Depart- 
ment to  l)e  nfiixed,  and  have  hereunto  subscribed  my  nau'.e  this 
thirty-first  day  of  .Tauuary.  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thou- 
sand eight  hnmlred  and  twenty-five. 

J.   (;    CALHOIN', 

Secretary  of  War. 


i 


s 


\ 


( 


(742) 


r)IA.TRY    OF 


Captalx  James  Discan, 


OF 


Colonel  iMoses  Hazen's  Reiriraeiit. 


IX    TUK 


YORKTOWN  CAMPAIGN, 

1781. 


^ 


I 

ill 

u 


Mi 


I 


(743) 


[Captain  Jaines  Diiiu^an,  the  author  oi  the  Journal  wliich 
follows,  was  born  in  Philadelphia  la  1T")(5.  He  {graduated  at 
Princeton  College,  an<l  was  preparing  I'or  the  ministry  as  tlie 
War  of  the  Revolution  openeil,  when  he  volunteered  and  was 
I'onunissioned  an  oflicer  in  Colonel  Hazen's  regin.ent  (Con- 
gress' Own),  stM'ving  with  distinction  until  its  close.  AVhen  the 
'!ounty  of  Adams  was  erected  he  was  appointed  the  lirst  pro- 
Ihonotary,  a  position  he  held  twenty-one  years.  In  is^2  he 
removed  to  Mercer  county,  where  he  resiiled  until  his  dejith, 
wiiicli  oivurrcd  June  "24,  1844.]  ^ 


(741, 


T! 


**! 


A  YORKTOWN  jorRNAl..     ' 

r.vMr  nKKoiiK  York. 

(")ctol)er  2.  IT*^!.  —  Ir  may  not  bf  {iiiiiss  t<>  take  notice  nf  »i  ffw 
reinarkulde  occiinviic'cs  prior  to  tin-  (•o.imieijeenieiit  of  this 
journal.  ThtMirniy  wtM"*'  never  so  universally  dt'ceivtMl  in  re- 
\*i\\\\  to  the  operations  of  the  oanipaifiJi  as  at  tliis  time.  New 
Y'ork  was  thought  to  be  the  object,  ami  no  maneuver  left  un- 
tried to  eonfirni  this  opinion,  when  all  on  a  sudden,  the  arm\ 
decamped  from  "\V.  IMains,  crossed  the  North  river,  and  jiro- 
ceeded  by  a  cireuitous  route  to  Spriuj^lield,  in  New  Jersey, 
where,  after  a  halt  of  a  few  days  da  order  the  better  to  deceive 
the  enemy),  they  took  their  route  lor  Trenton,  at  which  place 
the  artillery  stores  witli  our  r.^iinent  and  soiu."  other  troops 
eml)arked.  We  wei'e  now  no  longer  at  ii  loss  to  know  o;ii  jilace 
of  destination.  We  arriveii  at  <  Muistiana  bridge  and  from 
thence  marched  by  land  to  the  head  of  Klk,  where  tlie  French 
troops  with  the  rest  of  our  army  joined  us  in  a  very  short  time. 
Here  we  were  delayed  for  G  or  7  tiays,  being  busily  employeil  in 
embarking  ordnance  stores  of  all  kinds  on  i)oard  tin*  v«'ssels. 
In  the  meantime  the  Fi'euch  Troops  with  some  other  corps  of 
«)ur  army  proceeded  by  land  for  Baltimore.  The  bay  not  being 
al)le  to  furnish  a  sidicinnt  numbt'r  of  vessels,  the  Rhode  Islaiul 
regiment  with  ours  was  obliged  to  embark  oa  l)oard  a  number 
of  liar-bottomed  boats,  which  had  been  constructed  at  Albany 
and  brought  to  this  place.  We  Set  out  on  this  arduous  an<l 
very  hazardous  undertaking  about  September  I"),  and  arrived 
at  Williamsburg  the  2<ith.  On  our  passage  we  hugged  close  to 
the  western  shore.  i)ut  the  uumy  bays  and  moutiis  of  river.** 
we  were  obliged  to  cross  rendered  ir  excedingly  ilaugerous.  I 
think  the  rivers  iutheir  ordei- wer<*  a>.  follows,  viz:  ?]lk,  Stisque- 
hiiunah.'Petapsco,  Severn,  Patuxent,  Potomac,  Rappahannock, 
Peijuankitfuik,  Y'ork  and  James.  The  bays  were  numerous. 
.Among  the  largest  is  Mock  Jack,  better  than  iO  miles  across. 

Tiie  weather  in  general  was  very  favorable  excepting  at  the 
time  of  our  crossing  the  mouth  of  Rappahannock,  when  on  a 
sudden,  a  furious  wind  arose,  which  occasioned  a  very  rough 
sea.  A  number  of  lioats  were  dismasted,  sails  torn  to  pieces, 
iiiul  the  whole  in  the  ntmost  distress.  We.  however,  all  mado 
around  the  point  into  a  safe  harbor,  excepting  Colonel   Auiill 

C745) 


It  I 


: 


'■i     I 


r4o 


A  YOUKTOWN  JOURNAL. 


who,  iiiisHin^  tlic  point,  was  ol)li{^eil  to  Htretoh  for  Givon's 
i.sluuil.  After  re))airiiig  our  rig^^iii^j  it  was  deteriniufd  to  pro- 
ceml  a  Hafer  course  than  that  w  iiich  Ccjlonel  Autiil  tool<,  by 
Hailing;  across  I'lHi.iiankiranlv  bay  int(j  the  mouth  of  a  river 
which  forms  Ciivcn's  island.  In  this  attempt  I  sliii)pe(l  water 
several  times  ami  liacl  all  my  .sail  torn  to  pieces.  Some  of.  the 
boats  wem  m  n'e  pnnlenr  an. I  did  not  cross  that  day.  However 
we  all  arrived  saf'.  and  were  detained  there  two  days  by  the 
Htorm.  Tln-ee  ve.ssels  sailin{{  in  the  bay  were  the  same  day 
foundered.  A  miraculous  escape!  I  cannot  but  mention  the 
very  polite  treatment  we  received  from  the  inhabitants  of 
Given's  island. 

1  liave  said  we  arriv<'d  at  Williamslmrg  the  Sfith;  the  27th 
and  28th  were  detained  at  this  piac-e  in  makiii(^  preparations 
for  the  siege,  and  on  the  2'.)th  the  allied  army  moved  down 
toward  York  (disrant  from  Williamsbury  about  12  miles),  and 
made  a  short  halt  about  two  miles  distant  from  the  enemy  s 
outworks  when  a  few  shots  were  fired  from  the  French  pieces 
at  some  of  Tarleton's  horse,  who  immediately  dispersed.  In 
the  eveniU}^  we  proc'eeded  about  half  a  mile  farther  and  en- 
camped for  the  night.  In  the  course  of  the  night  three  «le- 
serters  came  in  with  little  or  no  intelligence  that  could  l)e  de- 
pended upon.  On  the  morning  of  the  5iOth  we  hador  lers  to  ap- 
proach the  enemy's  works.  After  marching  a  short  distance  we 
were  ordered  to  load,  and  proceeded  within  half  a  mile  of  the 
enemy's  works  on  the  left.  One  briga  leof  infantry  was  halted, 
while  the  First  brigade,  commanded  by  General  Muhlenl)urg, 
cro.ssed  a  small  morass  and  paraded  in  order  of  l)attle,  nmrched 
a  small  distanci*  in  front  ;  but  the  enemy,  not  firing,  they 
wheeled  to  the  right  and  took  tlieir  jmst  in  the  line;  a  picket 
was  now  turned  out  (the  better  to  favor  reconnoitering  par- 
ties), which  advanced  in  front  nearly  halfway  to  the  enemy, 
until  they  were  obliged  to  retreat  by  the  fire  of  a  field  piece 
from  the  enemy's  works.  (It  was  said  his  excellency,  thecom- 
m.-mder-in-chief,  was  in  front  of  this  i)icket  the  whole  time  rs- 
coiMioitering.)  The  sentries  were,  however,  continued  at  their 
])osts  and  regularly  relieved  the  whole  day.  Oneof  tlie  sentries 
was  so  unfortunate  as  to  receive  a  wotind  on  his  foot  from 
a  cannon  l)all.  which  obliged  the  surgeons  to  nuike  an  imme- 
diate amputation  of  his  leg.  We  sustained  no  other  harm 
from  their  firing,  although  they  frequently  overshot  us. 

The  remainder  of  the  day  was  employed  in  reconnoitering  the 
enemy;  nn<l  toward  evening  rhe  whole  army  encamped  nearly 
on  the  ground  they  had  Ijefore  occu{)ied.  Before  we  proceed 
it  may  be  proper  now  to  take  some  notice  of  the  dilTerent  corps 
and  the  arrangement  of  the  army.     The  Marquis  de  Lafayette's 


II 


A  YORKTOWN  JOl'RNAL. 


747 


division  of  li.  infaiilry,  foinposed  of  MulilfiilnirgHaiul  Ha/en's 
brifjath's  on  tlif  riylit  oi"  tiit>  fr()nt  line,  and  ncarcsl  ilu'  t-ncniy  ; 
tlic  J^aron  HttMiben's  divi.sion,  coniposc'd  of  t  Iw  Mjir\  landers, 
JN'nnsyivanians  and  Virjjinians  on  tin-  Id't  of  tlie  iront  line. 
The  Jersey  troops  in  the  rear  of  the  infantry,  and  tin*  York  in 
rear, of  Steiihen's  division,  with  the  pariv  of  aniliery  and  sap- 
l)ers  an«l  iidners  in  the  renter,  forniinj^  the  second  line;  the* 
militia  forms  the  corps  de  reserve,  and  tlie  Frencli  trooi)s, 
comnmixled  l>y  Count  Roehanihean,  on  the  left  of  the  whole. 
We  passed  this  iU(^ht  with  little  or  no  dist  nrliance  iroiii  t  lu* 
«!nemy,  Itnt  ^^ness  our  agreeable  surprise  when  on  t  he  mornint^ 
of  the  ensninj^  day  (()ctol)er  1)  w(»  fouml  the  enemy  luid  evae- 
uated  all  their  front  wtirks,  and  retreated  about  half  a  mile. 
We  knew  no  other  way  to  aeeonnt  for  this  than  that  their 
works  bein^f  too  extensive  and  weak,  they  were  afraid  of  a 
Btorm. 

This  inorninj^  Colonel  Scainmel  was  nnforiiinately  wonnded 
and  taken  by  tin'  enemy,  as  he  was  too  closely  reeonnoilerinf^, 
and  sent  on  parole  tf»  Williamsburg.  >'o  sooner  was  the  enemy's 
works  evacuated  than  tliey  were  taken  possession  of  by  our 
picket  s,  supported  by  the  whole  army,  who  marched  up  for 
that  purpose,  and  cont  inued  on  t  he  lines  a  j^reat  part  of  tin- 
day,  although  the  enemy  at  certain  limes  fired  very  briskly 
from  their  pieces.  About  8  o'clock  this  morning  the  l-'rentdi 
grenadiers  al  tacked  and  carried  a  small  liaitery,  with  the  loss 
of  four  killed  and  six  wounded.  Ten  companies  were  ordered 
out  early  this  morinng  for  fatigue,  of  which  1  bad  lln' honor 
to  command  one.  Until  11  a.  m.  we  were  emi>loyed  in  cutting 
and  stripi)ing  branches  for  gabions.  CMi  being  fundshed  with 
shovels,  spades,  pickaxes,  etc.,  we  were  ordered  \\\i  to  the 
lines,  where  we  continued  iiuvctive  until  aixmt  an  hour  before 
sunset.  Tn  the  meantime,  the  engineers  v.ere  eiiii>loy«'d  in 
reconnoitering  the  enemy's  works,  and  fixing  on  prop(M'  places 
to  break  the  first  ground.  Tict  me  here  observe  l  lial  t  he  eiieiii  v 
by  evactiating  their  wf)rks  had  given  us  an  amazing  advaiilage, 
as  tlie  groiMid  they  left  conimanded  the  whole  town,  jind  noth- 
ing but  the  reasons  ))efore  alleged  could  have  pist  ified  them 
in  so  doing,  as  by  contrary  conduct  tliey  must  have  very  much 
retarded  the  operations  of  the  siege. 

Tlie  engineers  having  fixed  on  and  chained  ofT  the  ground  in 
two  different  places  to  erect  their  works  wit  bin  i>oinT  blank 
shot  of  the  enemy,  the  parties  were  called  on.  Five  companies 
were  ordered  to  an  eminence  on  the  right  and  five  to  another 
on  tlie  left.  It  liajipened  to  be  my  fate  to  b<*  stationed  on  the 
left,  a  i)lace  the  mosr  dangerous  of  the  two,  as  it  was  nearest 
to  the  enemy,  and  more  exposed  to  the  lire  from  the  enemy's 
batteries. 


Rl 


■-■ii 


746 


A  YORKTOWN  JOCRNAL. 


Wt'  were  now  rouduoted  to  ti  siiiull  hollow  near  the  ;^iouih1. 
Five  men  were  ortlered  liy  tliH  enjiineer  to  assist  him  in  clcur- 
in^faway  tiie  ruhhisli.  srakinj;  out  and  drnwinf^  the  lines  of  tlie 
work.  This  was  in  tlie  fad"  ot  open  day,  an«l  the  men  went 
with  some  reluctance;  a  little  before  tins  we  liatl  a  shot  frctm 
the  enemy  which  increased  their  fnars.  At  dusk  of  eveninj^  we 
all  marched  up,  and  never  did  I  see  men  exert  theniselvt-s  half 
so  much  or  work  with  more  eagerness.  Indeed,  it  was  their 
interest,  for  they  could  expect  nothing  else  hut  an  in(ressa,ni 
roar  of  cannon  the  whole  night.  I  must  confess  I  ton  had  my 
fears,  but  fortunately  for  us  they  did  u<n  fire  a  shot  that  whole 
night.  I  a,m  at  a,  loi^s  to  account  for  it,  for  the  m<»on  shone 
ijright,  an<l  l»y  the  help  uf  their  night  glasses  they  luust  cer- 
tainly have  disc«)vered  us.  We  were  relieved  ai)out  daybreak, 
and  scarcely  had  we  left  the  trenches  when  the  enemy  began 
their  fire  on  both  works  from  three  pieces. 

October  2. — The  works  were  so  far  finished  in  the  course  of 
the  prece<ling  night  tliat  the  men  worked  in  them  this  aay 
with  very  little  danger,  although  the  enemy  kept  upan  almost 
ince,ssant  fire  from  two  pieces  f)f  artillery.  A  drummer,  rather 
ttto  curious  in  his  oV)servations.  was  this  day  killed  with  .t 
cannon  ball. 

October  3. — Last  night  four  men  of  our  regiment,  detached 
with  the  first  brigade,  were  unf<:)rtiinarely  killed  (on  covering 
party)  by  one  ball ;  one  of  the  men  belonged  to  my  f)wn  cruii- 
pany  (Smith),  a  loss  I  shall  ever  regret  as  he  was,  without  ex- 
ception, one  of  the  finest  men  in  the  army.  A  militiaman  this 
<lay,  possessed  of  more  bravery  and  prudence,  stood  constantly 

on    the  parapet   and  d d  his  sf>ul  if  he  would  dodge  for  the 

buggers.  He  had  escaped  longer  than  could  have  been  ex- 
pected, and,  growing  fool-hardy,  bratidished  his  spade  at  every 
ball  that  was  fired,  till,  unfortunately,  a,  l)all  came  and  i)Ut  an 
e\u\  to  his  capers.  This  evening  our  brigatle  was  ordered  for 
an  evening  party,  anil  in  the  course  of  the  night  a  deserter 
went  to  the  enemy,  informing  them  of  our  situatioti,  in  conse- 
quence of  which  they  ilirected  a  few  shot.s  our  way,  but  did  mo 
harm. 

OctoVjer  4. —This  morning,  on  leaA'ing  the  ground,  the  enemy 
were  complaisant  enough  to  favor  us  with  a  shot,  but  did  no 
exectition.  Fatigues  were  coniiiiued  in  the  works  as  usual,  and 
suffered  little  or  no  harm.  This  day's  ordor.s  gives  us  an  ac- 
count of  Tarleton's  defeat  on  the  Ciloucester  side  on  the  8d. 
He  was  attacked  by  Duke  de  Lau/uns  legion  and  the  militia 
grenadiers,  commamled  by  Weeden.  Tarleton  lost  .10  men, 
killed  and  wounded,  the  officer  who  commanded  his  infantry 


A  VOKKTOWN  JOCKNAL. 


r4fi 


killed,  uMil  liiiiisflf  liadly  wouutled,  with  v«'iy  littif  loss  on  our 
hide. 

OctolHT  .").  — Wt'  liiid  more  liriiur  from  tlie  enemy  last  iii^ht 
tlmii  jujy  l;i<;lit  since  ihe  colli  lilencemeiit  of  the  siej^e,  but 
tloii  t  huirii  tliiit  t  liey  did  uiiy  otiier  li.inn  than  «lelay  the  opera- 
tion of  the  worlvs.  This  tlay  the  ref^inieiit  was  employed  in 
(Mittiiig  and  nuikiuj;  fasscines,  ;iiid  a  regiment  from  every 
hrij^ade  in  the  army  ordered  out  for  sonic  extra  fatijjiie  duty 
thi-i  eveninjj. 

October  G. —The  parties  dill  Mot  go  ouu  and  nothing  extra- 
ordinai'V  lia.i»pen<'d  liiis  da\ . 

October  7.  -Tlie  regiiiitiiis  ordered  for  the  extra  dtity  were 
la>t  night  employed  in  drawing  the  line  of  circumvallatioii. 
This  line  exten<ls  itself  to  the  river  on  each  side  tlie  town,  and 
at  all  i)laces  nearly  equally  distant  and  better  than  200  yards 
in  front  of  thef<)rnier  woi-Us.  Tli<'  enemy  discovered  us,alt  iioiigh 
the  night  was  pretty  favoi-ablc,  but  the  (diief  of  their  lire  wa,» 
directed  against  the  French.  Tliey  were,  no  doubt,  much 
astoiiislied  in  the  morning  tt»  lind  thi'iiisclvt's  so  completely 
hemmed  in  on  all  side>,  and  trenche.-.  sodeei>thai  we  could 
Mustain  little  or  no  harm  from  their  fiiv.  The  trenches  were 
this  day  to  be  enlivened  with  drums  l>eatingan(l  colors  flying, 
ami  this  Jnnior  was  conferred  on  <)ur  division  of  liglit  infantry. 
And  now  1  must  confes^.  although  I  w;is  fond  of  the  honor.  1 
had  .->ome  fear,  as  1  had  no  notion  of  a  covered  way,  and  more 
es!)ecially  us  I  was  posted  in  the  center  with  the  colors.  We 
however  did  not  lose  a  man  in  relieving,  althoiitrii  the  enemy 
fir-^d  much.  Tlie  covered  way  was  of  inlinite  service,  liinue- 
diately  upon  our  arrival  the  colors  were  i>lanted  on  the  jiarapet 
with  this  motto:  MdU'is  Haec  iitiinicn  ti/raiuns.  Our  next  ma- 
neuver was  rather  extraorditiaiN .  We  were  ordered  to  mount 
the  bank,  front  the  enemy,  and  there  by  word  of  command  go 
through  all  the  ceremony  of  soldiery,  ordering  and  grounding 
our  arms  ;  and  although  the  enemy  had  been  liringa  little  l)e- 
fore,  they  did  not  now  givens  a  single  shot.  1  suppose  their 
astonishment  at  our  conduct  must  have  prevented  them,  foi- 
I  can  assign  no  other  reason.  Colonel  Hamilton  gave  the-  ; 
ortlers,  and  although  I  esteem  him  on<'  of  the  first  oflicei's  in 
the  American  army,  must  l)eg  leave  in  this  instance  to  think 
he  wantonly  exi)osed  the  lives  of  his  men.  Our  orders  were 
this  night  that  if  the  enemy  made  a  sortie  ami  attempted  to 
storm  the  trenches  we  were  to  give  them  one  lire  from  the  bai- 
quet,  rush  over  the  parajjet  and  meet  them  witli  the  bayonet. 

October  8, —  Sometime  bi  tore  daylight  this  morning  we  were 
very  much  suri)ri?.ed  at  tlie  conduct  of  a  i)icket  that  had  been 
posted  some  little  disraiice  in  front  of  our  works,     'i'hey  were 


m 


7W 


A   VOUKTOWN  .loHMNAI, 


Ih'i'il  upon  l>y  (In-  <  iiimii>,  iwvpr  t-i>lnrii<><l  n,  Minnln  hIiuI  onil  if- 
trt'»vti'<l  iiiin  (Mir  wnrkH  in  ( Iit>  iitniuHl  iliHonlcr.  <  'ii|ilniii  WimmI. 
who  coinmMiitlcil  tin-  pickt'l,  wmh  ivgiiin  onlci-cil  mil,  l»iM  ilio 
fiiiMiiy  luiil  ii't  Iroil,  llow  lii>  will  ln>  iiiiMWciiiblt'  lor  IiIk  immhIucI 
liiiii'  will  tliM'o\  cr.  (i-^  I  (Imic  sny  lie  will  hooii  \h<  oliligt'd  to  |4J\  .- 
nil  noouniii.  (>in>  iiuni  of  our  picki>l  whh  killiMl,  llioiit^li  si>iin' 
think  il  wds  hy  onr  iui>u.  m'j  I  lici  i>  Iiinl  ln>(>ii  o(  ln«r  purl  l<'n  or- 
<li'r<'(l  OIK 


'Tin'    (ill'  of  Ili(>  (MHMiiv  wiiH  lliix  (liiv  cliit'llv  dii Ii'<| 


ni^iiiiisl 

tin'  pMi'tit'H  I'liiploycil  in  creeling;  hat  l«'ri<'s.  W'l'  wi'ii'  rt'liovcij 
iilioiit  rj  o'otooiv  mill  KnMtiiiiicil  no  luiriii  <lnriii^  oiir  tour  (<\» 
ri'ptinK  t  wo  iiii'ii  liinlly  w  oiiikIimI  ;  l>iit  wo  liinl  uriiircly  Id  t  tin' 
triMiolicM  wlu'ii  11  iiinn  working  on  (lie  pnrnpcl  liinl  liiMnrin  sliol 
oiT.  As  soon  us  we  ,ir.ri\<'<l  in  I'linip  w  o  t'linnnfil  oiir  jjronml 
lurllH'r  to  tilt'  rif^lit.  Notliiiif^'  cxt  rtiordinury  ImppfiH'd  llic 
rciiiiiiiuli'r  ol'  t  lie  djiy. 

OctolM'r  '.V  l.iist  iiit;lit  the  troops  in  Ilic  t  ii'ncln'.'i  iis  w<'ll  iis 
gri'jit  purt  of  thisil;i>.  wfic  luisily  cniploycil  in  lliiinliiiig  the 
hill  tcrii's,  iiiiil  (iliont  I  o  clock  this  iillcrnoon  mii  A  iiii'iictin 
l>,itttM\v  wa;(  oju'in'i|,  «M»iiMiMt  Iiim:  of  I  hrcc 'J|  poninli'r.s,  tlir<>i<  I'J'm 
tinil  four  lO-ini'h  iiiorturs.  'IMic  cn.'niv  s  the  wiim  chii'lly  ili- 
rcrti'd  Muaiiist  this  liatti-ry.  and  t  hi' others  that  wire  iiejirly 
Ihiished. 

Ootolier  10,-  Last  ul^j^ht  the  men  were  hnsjly  employed  in 
Unlshin^-  t  he  hat  lerie?..  and  early  t  his  morning;  fmir  nioii' weie 
opened  against  I  he  eiiviiiv ,  vi/;  ()iie  American  battery  on  our 
left,  consist  inn  "1^  four  IM  pounders  ;  the  t;iaiiil  I'^nnch  hat  ti  ly, 
consist  iiij;' of  1 1  'J  (-pounders,  two  lit  inch  mortars,  two  howil- 
/crs,  and  si\  t()  inch  morlai's;  and  another  I'reiicli  liatleix  of 
four  1*^  pounders  and  i  w  o  howitzers.  The  foiiiih  is  on  (he 
left  of  ill c  French,  hiu  jiin  not  ahle  as  \  et  to  a^'Cerlaill  I  he  Illll||- 


her 


!<uns. 


About    r,I  o'clock  this  dav  onr  division  reliexed 


t  he  \  venches,  and  from  t  lia  t  t  ime  t  he  i  iieiii  v  llred  but  verv  lit  1 1 


until  \hc  evcniiu 


This  afternoon  onr  A  iin  ricaii  bomb  bat  terv 


was  opcni'd  of  four  10  inch  mortars.  A  fla^?  caiin'oiit  with 
Sccrotjiry  Nelson,  lie  informs  ns  onr  lire  did  t.;;ri'at  (>\(>nutioii 
last  niijht  :  that  we  had  Killed  11  or  l'^  of  their  ofllocrH,  that, 
his  black  ser\;int  was  killed  by  his  bedside,  and  tlint  the  llrsi 
>:;nn  tired  killed  twt>  coiinnissarys  as  tlicy  won'  ^<ittiu(;ut  their 
w  ine. 
October  U.   -Last  ni^jlit  «'ommcnocd  a  very  heavy  caniioimde 


Hid    the   eiieiiiv  vetnnied    the   lire  with    no   k 


spirit. 


n 


eiii^ 


ai'prehonsiv  e  of  a  storm,  they  often  llred  in  every  iiircct  ion. 
The  l;n'j;ost  of  the  encm>  "s  vessi»ls  was  set  on  (Ire  by  the  burst- 
ing; of  a  shell  or  r»Ml  hot  ball  from  some  of  onr  batteries,  ami 
ctMiimnnioated  it  to  another,  both  of  which  wcro  burnt  down. 


A   VoUKroVVN  .J<M!|INAL 


Tln'\  iiiiu«t  li(i,v<<  ImhI  /I,  <'iiimi<l<'i'n,l»l<' '(MmiiI  ii  y  o*"  |»i>w<|t  f  l.i  lliti 
\n»\ ,  im  IIh'I'm  NvaM  lui  ••\  nl'iKiun  which  in»nl"  n.  hi-iivy  r<'|i<»i't. 
Thx  w  I  Kilo  iii^lit.  wfiK  ml  hhii;  bill  on*'  (tmit  Irttial  ruiiroj  ctniiioti, 
iilivixl  wit  li  ( lii>  ImiihI  iiii^  III  hIii'IIh  hidI  niiiililiiiK  <>l'  Immih*  h  torn 

(ii    pit'd'H,        Art  Huull  H«  I  hn  (Iny  (l|l|»IOM,rllci|   (lie  rlii'lll y  W  it  hi|r<'W 

I  h^'ir  |ih'r,t«H  I'loiii  I  In  ii- «'mlii  ii/iirox  (iirl  n'lii'ij  iirnU'r  covor   <>(' 

I  li'ir  wui'Um,  (1.1  II I  now  roniiiionrt'il  n.    i  ill  iiioi  <•  ilrcu'llnl  <Miino,i- 

II  lit  I'i'oiii  nil  oil)'  l>al  I  )<ri«>>4  wil  lioiit  Kcari'«'ly  iiii>  int  trinHHiou  foi* 
Ihowhojo  liny.  Wmwci"  I'l'lifnMil  mIiohI  noon  t  hl-4  d/iy,  nnd 
wi'iil   hoiii(<  v<<ry  tiMirh  i'(i,li«iH'i|. 

(Jdlulicr  li.  Iidsl  iii^hl  W"  l»ni<(iii  ilii'  Hcc'iiiij  |iiii'hIIi'I  /kcI 
«*xt<<nil>>il  it  lii'ttt'i-  Ill/Ill  li/ilt'  roiiixl  t  h>-  •ii"iny,  Tlii-^  |*n,iiiilf'l 
Ik  lM>it««r  than  t  Iih'm  hnnilril  ynnlH  in  Iront  <>M  ho  ot  Imt.  (i,iii| 
rloMM  upon  I  ln' 'MH'iiiy' <  riKJil  woiUs.  Nonoonti' liail  I  Iim  morn- 
ing   uiailo   \{H  appcarilnf'H  nii'l   I  in*  i  n<Mn\'  (li-<<'o-.  ••i»m|  our  viy 


iK'ar  approac 


than   tli.'V  riunnn'iii  »■<!  n,  very  lica'.  v  lir.-   from 


I  ln>  liiil  tcrh's.  aiiil  ill  1  ho  ronr.sp  oC  thn  <la.  no  liii|)>  HiirpiiMfd 
n-t  !•>•  o|M)niiiy;  llvn  royalri,  iid  wm  whim  in  hop.  •<  ih.'y  Incl  no 
sI|i<IIm,  hy  I  linir  not.  ({ivlnf<  t  Im-iii  on  tliMriiMl   pfirnllcl, 

')i>tolii'r  |i|,  hant  nitjhl  wm  wi'i'o  •■inploy<'i|  in  nt  (•••nKl  iM-nini^ 
111")  lint',  ami  lif^^an  /i.  I'li'iidi  lial  t«'ry  jind  a  i  •■<lonl»l.  W<'  lost 
Ht'vi'l'al  im-ii  IIiIh  ni^iil,  i\*  llm  rnciiiy  hy  pracdic"  \vt'r<>  (•n(il<l»'l 
to  llii'owtliMir  hIm-IIh  Willi  j^ifat.  roilainty.  Ah(»iit  noonlliM 
iluy  oiir  iIIvIkIoii  rnllcvt'd  tliM  t  rt'iifhc^,  /iml  nl»oiit  'i  o'clock 
jid.aiwcd  to  t  In- Hcroml  paifilltl.  <'api(iiii  Whit  'and  oim-  pii- 
vai  '  ol  ( "oloiii'l  Wcc'rt  i('(.riini'nt  v\  ci-i-  i  hii  day  k  id'-d  l>y  a  liori- 
xoiital  hIicII.     TIio  niilli  in,  HiilTci'i' I  ninch  t  hin  nflcrnoon. 

Ootoh.r  II.  I'll!' fm-iny  IcHi  ni^^ht  Kept  tip  n.  coril  irnml  l>la/.'» 
from  Hturr/il  pIcccH  «>f  cnnnon  of  nim-  roynln  nnd  soim-  how- 
itzers. I';a.rly  in  ihn  ni^lit  tln-fli-'  wn  <  cliiflly  dir»!c.|cd  at;»i.in-'t 
tho  I'Vcnch,  who  WITH  jnHl  rtn  our  hfi,  Iml  nl'oul  lOo'clricU 
our   pcopi  '  I  hn|.{an  I  to  cnc't    ii.  Iial  !<'ry.      Tii'-v  soon  dihcovi-rcd 

1 1    happciM-d  to 

y 

IH 


UH,  (i,;id   ciiaiiirc  I    l  h.-   direct  ioi 


I) 


ir  Ioi    I  o  li 


I    "  I 


r  1 


nui 


111 


I'  111  lin-  I  icncli' 


n-;   i  I  t  Ik'  ri(i,r  ot'  i  In-  hatter 


c\po-c  I    I  o  (ill    I  li<ir    lii'r  ;  and    no 


,»MC 


i   t 


o    rccroiiiit    II 


I  tl 


mirrow  r,>iMpcs  I  iiiaiellial  nii^li:  i.  wr»iild  aiiiioKt  l»t!  incredi- 
III.'.  Icnniot,  howi'\  ff,  lint,  t  aki"  iioi  ic- oi'  /i  rcni/u'  ahJM  nnd 
iiiiraciilou  t  oim  imlci-d.  .\l»oiit,  midnight  t  h-'  .-^"nir/  culled  •■  .\ 
hIu'II'"  I  jumped  up  iuiniedial  ely  to  winch  the  dii'ectif»n.  l»n! 
liiul  no  SI  1  spied  on  of  in  c. mint;  so  near  until  it  fell  in  i  he  cent  r 
oflhetrenc.il,  wdi  hill  le-s  t  lian  t '..o  feet  of  nic.  I  iiiimedial«ly 
niiii^f  myself  on  t  he  h.iiMpicH  amoni.c '^"""'  'iriii-<,  and  althoui,di 
the  e.xplosion  was  Very  snd.leii  and  :li.-  t  rendi  a.s  f  nil  of  men 
ns  It  could  possibly  contain,  yet  not  a  .sin^^ie  man  was  killed 
a.nl  only  t  wo  of  my  ow  ii  company  slij^hi  !y  wounded.  I  -liouiil 
not    t'ortfet   hero  that    ('.ipliiiu    llnt^lie-.aii  I   |)r.  Anderson,  two 


752 


A  VOUK'nnVN  JOUKiXAL. 


iiuiiiuile  iri«'U»l«  uuil  very  wormy  omceis,  \verenittiut{clo.se  by 
me  at  this  tinif.  Wo  all  couuteil  it  a  most  mirai'uloUH  ('scup<'. 
Fatijfim  parties  \ve<"o  «till  ('(inviiiiu'd  at  work  intlie  open  lace 
ol' tiny  at  tlio  battory,  althoiigli  t hoy  siitTcrtMi  iimcli. 

T«ii  iiuMi  of  ("oUnu'l  IJarlicr  s  i'(>j^iiiHMit  were  kiiUni  and 
woumit'il  in  a  very  Tew  uiimites,  live  of  wlioiu  bel»»HKf(l  to 
(^uptaiii  Fry's  cuiiip.  Our  ill  vision  was  relieved  about  I'i 
o'eloclv,  ami  on  our  march  lionu'  two  of  our  mon  were  wounded 
by  th(>  burstin{{  «it'  asiiell.  About  .')«)  clock  this  day  wo  wore 
a^ain  ordered  for  the  trenches. 

October  IT). — I  liave  just  said  we  were  ord  ired  yesterthiy  to 
tiio  trenches.  The  Frencli  j;renadiers  were  ordered  out  tli© 
same  time  and  all  for  tiie  purpose  of  stormintj two  retloubtsou 
the  etiemy's  lefi.  Our  division  arrived  at  the  deposite  of  the 
[Miss.  illogible|  a  little  liefore  dark  where  every  num  was  or- 
deretl  to  disencundior  himself  of  his  pack.  The  eveniufif  was 
pretty  dark  and  favored  the  attack.  The  column  advanced, 
Colonel  (ruluot's  re>{im»'nt  in  front  anil  ours  in  the  rear.  We 
had  not  }jot  far  belore  we  were  discovered  and  now  the  enemy 
opened  a  fire  of  cannon,  {^rapeshoi,  shell  and  tnusketry  ni)on 
us,  but  all  to  no  etl'ect.  The  cohnnn  nmved  on  un<listurbed 
and  took  the  redoubt  by  the  bayonet  without  liring  a  siuf^le 
jjjun.  The  enemy  uuide  an  obstinate  defence  (but  what  cainiot 
bravt'  men  do  when  determineill?  We  had  7  men  killed  and 
30  wounded.  Among  the  latter  were  C^olonel  (Tuinot,  Major 
liarber  and  Captain  Oney.  Fifteen  men  of  the  enemy  were 
killed  and  wounded  in  the  work,  20  were  taken  prisoners  be- 
sides Major  Cami»bt>ll,  who  coiunuiuded,  a  captain  and  one 
ensign.     The   chief  of   the  garrison  made  their  escape  during 


the  storm  l)v  a  covered 


wav 


IMSS.  suddeidv  breaks  olT. 


''  i 


JOUHNA^L 


OF 


SAMUEL  MCNEILL,  B  Q.M 

"  HIS  ORDERLY  BOOK." 


1779. 


?l    i 


4S— Vf)i,.  XV, 


f7M) 


[Saimiel  McNeill,  whose  brief  journal  is  herewith  piihllshed, 
WHS  born  in  Montgomery  county,  Pennsylvania,  August  29, 
175'3.  He  was  a  volunteer  in  Captain  Longstreth's  company, 
and  wounded  at  the  battle  of  I'rinceton.  He  was  subsequently 
ai)pointed  Brigade  quartermaster  to  General  Hand's  J^rigade, 
and  was  on  the  expedition  of  General  Sullivan  against  the 
New  York  Indians  in  1779.  Tiate  in'life  he  suffered  severely 
from  his  wounds,  and  *lied  from  the  ell'ects  thereof,  the  8th 
of  May,  1H17.] 


(754) 


•*1, 


SAMUEL  McNeill,  -his  orderly  book  ' 


•  •  TkktA.  Anr;ust  2(»,  ITTO. 

This  (lay  about  \2  o'clock  iiiarclicd  ironi  Tioga  ami  lncaiiii)c(l 
on  a  plain  o\  miles  from  Tioj^a.  NothintJ  material  HappeiuM] 
this  (lay. 

Auf^nst  27.  — Marched  about  nine  o'clock,  at  eleven  came  to 
a  Defile  al)out  'J  of  a  mile  in  Leiij^th,  which  Detained  the  army 
Till  10  o  clock  at  iiij^ht,  before  the  whole  of  the  ba^jgaj^e  was 
through.  (i«'ueral  Hand  Marched  the  light  troops  near  seven 
Miles  this  Day  and  Incamped  at  the  North  end  of  a,  ("ornlield, 
the  cornfield  suposed  to  Contain  about :]()  acres.  This  corndeld 
had  been  Regularly  I^lowed  and  well  Ten<led.      Exceeding  good. 

An  oHicers  Command  of  Rille  men  being  sent  to  the  Top  of 
a  Large  mountain  on  our  Right  to  reconoitre,  Returned  and 
sai<l  they  Saw  a  number  of  the  Enemies  Fires.  Our  (iourse 
this  Day,  >'.  -W. 

August '.iis.  — The  army  crossed  the  Tioga  River  t  wice,  it  be- 
ing very  high  and  Rai»id,  Lost  several  liorses  and  many  more 
loads,  (^'onsistingof  Hour  and  ammunition.  About  Nine  o'clock 
at  night  the  Light  Troojjs  incamped  at  Shemung,  an  Indijin 
Town  burned  by  our  Troops,  August  ye  21st. 

August  2!).  — Th(-  iiight  Troojis  Marched  at  7  o'clock  A.  M. 
The  main  Dody  marched  at  Ten,  the  whole  continiUMl  their 
march  Till  about  Eleven,  when  the  Light  Troops,  Commanded 
by  General  Hand  was  Fired  upon.  He  sent  forwani  some  Rifle- 
men in  order  to  amuse  the  Enemy  while  he  could  mak(>  J)is- 
coveries.  He  soon  found  they  had  formed  a  breastwork  with 
Several  l^astines,  the  whole  near  a  mile  in  Jjcngth  and  about 
;]  feet  high,  Suposed  (o  l)e  ilefended  l)y  about  Six  hundred  In- 
dians.'in  1  Two  hundied  while  men,tlM'ir  Oomnumder-in-Cliief, 
Butler;  also  was  there.  Hrant,  .MeDonahK  Two  licvi  Findings 
and  o'le  Q.  M.  Pauling,  also  ji  numlier  of  whit»>  oHicers,  their 
nannies  n<)t  known,  (feneral  HamI,  would,  after  Put  ting  him- 
self in  a  proper  Posiiion.  have  attacked  their  works,  swonl  in 
hand,  ha,d  not^  (fenerMl  Snlivan  Sent  ordei's  to  the  ConI  riiry, 
<reneral  Hand  Continued  Transmitting  his  Discoveries  to  (ren- 
eral  Sulivan  frotn  tiun*  to  time,  wliile  the  Artilh^ry  was  Cross- 
ing an  Exceeding  bad  Defile,  and  tlie  men  hiid  to  hitch  Drag- 
jopes  to  the  waggons    and  with    the    lielp    of    Horses,   It    toi>k 

(Tof)) 


756 


JOURNAL  OF  SAMUEL  McNElLL, 


one  hundred  and  Twenty  men  to  each  waggon  to  draw  it  up 
the  Hill.  At  13  o'clock  the  artillery  was  brought  before  the 
enemy's  works.  The  Riflemen  kept  up  a  slow  fire,  amusing 
the  Enemy,  and  in  order  to  keep  them  from  Turning  out  of 
their  works  to  make  Discoverie.s,  the  artillery  was  planted  in 
the  most  advantagious  Place  at  about  400  yards  Distant  The 
artillery  Consisted  of  Pieces  as  follows,  viz.  :  Two  Howitx/s  and 
Pour  Threes. 

General  Poor  marched  from  our  right  in  order  to  gain  their 
rear— the  artillery  ))egan  a  slow  lire.  General  Hand  fi.xed 
Bayonets  in  onler  to  Force  their  works  the  instant  General 
Poor  gained  tlu  ir  rear.  However  the  artillery  did  not  con. 
tinue  their  slow  fire,  as  was  Expected,  but  soon  began  to  pour 
into  their  w(jrks  shells,  round  and  grape  shott  amazingly. 
Tlie  Indians  very  soon  left  the  Fort  to  Butler  and  his  Despica- 
l)le  Gang,  wlio  .suddenly  followed.  General  I'oor  fell  in  with 
their  Right  wing,  on  their  retreat,  Avhen  a  very  heavy  Fire  In- 
sued.  General  Hand  being  close  on  their  rear,  his  Front 
o})ened  a  heavy  Fire,  which  obliged  the  Enemy  to  run  in  Con- 
fusion to  the  River  Tioga,  which  was  within  a  mile  of  our  Left. 
They  Crossed  the  River,  Leaving  a  number  of  their  Dead  on 
the  ground.  Fifteen  scalps  we  got — the  Hurry  of  our  Pursuit 
obliged  us  to  leave  a  numljer  on  the  Ground  not  .scalped.  We 
bad  Two  Killed  and  !Nine  wounded,  we  also  took  two  Prisoners, 
one  a  Tory  from  Scohary,  the  other  a  Negro  from  the  Same 
Place.  We  continued  our  march  till  about  10  o'clock  P.  M., 
when  we  Incaniped  near  Newtown,  where  the  Enemy  had  been 
Iiu'amped  for  some  time. 

August  30. — We  lay  by  this  Day  in  order  to  put  ourselves  in 
a  proper  position  for  following  the  enemy  very  rapid. 

August  :}1. —Marched  al)out  Ten  miles  and  Incaniped  on  a 
very  Pleasant  Flat  of  grouml.  On  our  Right  was  a  very  Fine 
Creek  and  on  our  left  was  an  Exceeding  fine  rising  Piece  of 
Ground.     Lay  this  night  without  alarm. 

Sei)tember  ye  ],  1770.— Marched  at  ten  o'clock,  passed  through 
several  swamps;  at  one  P.  M.  came  to  the  Grand  Dividing 
Ridge  from  whence  the  waters  all  run  Northerly  Toward  the 
liakes.  The  instant  we  came  to  the  Ridge,  which  was  so  low 
>s  to  be  ))ut  Perceival)le,  we  Discovered  the  head  of  a  large 
,  v.\  I-  which  runs  into  the  South  end  of  the  Seneca  or  Con- 
;  •  .da^r*  Lake,  and  continued  our  course  down  towards  water, 
'ha  (jourse  of  which  is  near  Due  Nortli,  Till  we  came  to  Cat- 
ib  I  s  Town  or  otherwise  Queauchguaga.  We  arrived  nt  C. 
Town  at  twelve  P.  TVI.  When  we  came  to  within  hearing  of 
tlieir  Dogs  it  was  about  Eleven  O'clock  P.  ^\.,  when  we 
formetl.    General  Hand  ordered  the  Musqueh-y  to  Form  in  two 


HIS  ORDERLY   BOOK. 


757 


Solid  Oolloms,  the  Rifleineu  formed  in  PVont  of  the  whole.  In 
this  Position  we  entered  the  Town  without  lirin^a  Shot;  the 
Enemy  had  left  the  town  but  a  few  minutes  before  we  entered 
it.  We  found  some  Cattle,  such  as  Horses,  Cows  and  Hogs, 
also  found  in  one  of  the  houses  an  old  Squaw  Scarce  able  to 
walk,  Supposeil  to  be  aoout  100  years  of  age.  Our  Indians  took 
great  care  of  her  During  our  Stay  at  that  place,  and  by  (ren- 
eral  Sulivans  order  built  a  Bark  Cabin  near  tlie  waterside 
and  gave  her  Bread,  meat  and  Indian  Corn  sufficient  to  last 
her  six  weeks.  I  confess  I  think  she  was  the  greatest  object 
of  Pitty  I  ever  Saw. 

September  2,  1779. — This  day  lay  V)y  in  order  to  draw  provi- 
sions, wash  our  clothes,  &c.  Notliing  intaterial  happened,  my- 
self being  ordered  out  with  the  Surveying  Party.  Discovered 
the  Seneca  Lake  about  5^  North  of  Incampment. 

September  3,  1779. —  Marched  at  Eight  o  clock  A.  M.  At 
about  Six  miles  came  in  sight  of  the  East  side  of  the  Seneca 
Lake,  continued  on  the  East  Side  of  the  Lake  eleven  and  a  half 
miles  to  our  Incamping  ground  through  the  Best  and  (Greatest 
Body  of  Good  Lanil  I  ever  saw.  None  of  the  Enemy  seen  this 
Day;  nothing  material  Hapi)ened.  Jncamped  on  a  plain; 
our  cattle  had  nothing  to  eat  but  Pep,- vine,  and  that  only  one 
liour  in  the  evening,  then  Tyed  to  the  Trees  till  ^  after  five 
in  the  morning  of  the  4th,  when  we  marched. 

September  ye  4,  1779. —Marched  this  day  at  half  after  five  A. 
M.  Passed  through  the  best  land  I  ever  saw,  and  still  con- 
tinues such  as  far  as  we  could  see  ;  continued  all  this  Day  nearly 
Piiralel  to  the  Lake,  incamped  Two  miles  in  Front  of  the  Main 
Body  on  a  very  Pleasant  Summit  a  little  higher  than  the  flats 
in  sight  of  the  Lake.  Our  course  this  ilay,  N.  20  E.  Distance, 
lo  miles. 

September  ye  .'»,  1779. —Marched  at  10  A.  M.  Continued  in 
Sight  of  the  Lake  about  2\  Miles,  when  we  aiirived  at  a  town 
called  A])pletown  or  f)therwise.  Containing  al)out  10  good  In- 
dian Houses.  We  soon  Destroyed  the  Town  and  encamped 
on  the  ground  where  it  stood.     Course  North. 

September  ye  (5,  1779. —Marched  at  fc^leven  A.  M. ,  about  3 
Miles  and  Encamped  on  the  Tiake  Sitle,  one  <if  the  most  pleas- 
ant situations  I  ever  saw.  Nothing  nmterial  happened  this 
day.     Course  N.  S.  W.     Distance,  :{  miles. 

September  ye  7.  1779. —The  General  beat  at  five  A.  M.  We 
marched  at  Six  through  very  fine  land  and  Plea.'^ant  plains;  at 
eight  and  a  half  miles  came  to  the  place  where  the  Lake  Emptys 
itself.  From  it  flows  an  Exceeding  fine  River  about  Thirty 
yards  wide  River  Runs  12  miles  Easterly,  where  it  Emptys 
itself  into  the   River  that  runs  from   the  Kiuga  Lake  and  is 


:; 


i) 


758 


JOURNAL  OF  SAMUEL  MoNKILL, 


Culled  the  Seneca  River,  wiiirh  runs  into  Luke  Oiiliirio  We 
crossed  the  River,  which  was  ul)out  ;J  feet  deej),  without  any 
loss.     Course  until  we  crossed  the  Jjjike,  IS'.  15,  W. 

As  Hoon  as  we  crossed  the  River  the  l*art  turned  Due  west, 
aioiif^  the  Nortii  end  of  the  Lake.  We  niarch«Ml  ahont  half  a 
iiule  in  order  to  t^ive  room  for  the  rest  of  the  Troops  to  form  ; 
as  soon  as  we  were  formed  we  marclied  f)n  in  Several  Colloms  in 
order  to  surround  the  ('apital  of  the  Seneca  Nations,  which 
was  between  2  and  ^^  miles  west  f>f  the  (Jrossinj^  Piace.  Ahout 
sundown  the  Trooi»s  formed  a  junction  in  the  Town,  but  found 
nothing  of  any  great  value;  the  P^neiiiy  had  left  it  about  two 
diiys  before  we  got  into  it.  We  found  a  white  child,  supposed 
to  !)('  between  3  and  4  years  old,  could  speak  nothing  but  In- 
dian. Our  Interpretei's  told  us  it  said  its  iMother  had  left  it 
sick.  We  supposed  it  had  ))een  taken  at  Cherry  Valley.  The 
('aj)ital  of  the  Seneca  Nations  is  called  Conodesogo,  and  con- 
sisted of  about  lOO  h<)Uses,  some  of  them  very  good  Indian 
house.s.     Distance  this  day,  eleven  miles  and  a  half. 


Headquarters,  near  Chemung,  August  27,  1779. 

Parole,  America;  (J.  S.  8i)ain.  ,         . 

Hrigadier  of  me  Day,  General  <,Minton. 

Field  OfTicer,  Tjieut.-Col.   Dearbourne. 

Brigade  Major. Fisk. 

It  is  with  gi-eat  grief  ami  a>itonishment  tlie  Commander-in- 
(Jhief  is  informed  that  some  (jf  the  soldiers  steal  the  stores  of 
the  army,  and  even  the  private  allowance  of  their  messmates, 
winie  others  are  so  vile  as  to  throw  away  their  provisions. 
This  Discovers  an  unjust  and  ungenerous  Disposition,  as  well 
as  Inattention  to  tiieir  own  comfort  and  Safety.  TheCxenerfil 
declares  as  the  Army  has  I>rawn  jirovision  ton  Certain  period, 
will  not  suffer  the  army  to  Return  through  want  of  provisioti 
until  that  period  be  expired.  Tiie  (reneral  positively  declares 
also  he  will  order  five  hundred  lashes  to  lie  imprinted  upon 
any  person  Detected  in  the  before  mentioned  offences,  and  in 
addition  thereto  to  draw  only  one  pound  of  Flour  and  meat 
per  week  during  the  campaign.  The  General  being  well  con- 
vinced of  the  inatention  of  Some  Brigade  Coinmissarys  and 
Conductors  of  Horses,  Positively  Orders  that  the  Brigade  Coni- 
niissary  be  answeral)le  for  all  the  ju-ovision  Delivered  to  them, 
and  that  they  make  the  Conductors  accountable  to  them. 
When  ]irovisions  are  lost  no  excuse  will  be  admitted,  excejit  the 
Hngade  of  the  Day,  upon  hearing  the  Evidence,  certifies  tliat 
the  lo.sH  was  Enevitable.     All  other  losses  are  to  l>e  accounted 


HIS   ORDERLY    HOOK. 


■)!> 


for  by  the  Ooininissarys  and  Conductors,  who  are  to  have  an 
entire  stoppage  of  theii-  \vage>  until  the  Same  be  (compensated, 
as  also  subject  to  a  trial  l)y  Court  Martial.  As  the  troops  will 
liave  such  a  quantity  of  corn  at  tiiis  place  as  will  be  amply  suHi- 
eient  for  a  day's  i)rovision,  the  Flour  they  have  on  hand  is  to 
Extend  one  day  longer  than  it  was  issued  for.  Comuiissarys 
of  lirigatle  and  Corps  are  particularly  to  notice  this  order  and 
regulate  their  issues  accordingly.  The  Troops  to  liold  them- 
selves in  readiness  to  niarcli  at  the  Shortest  notice  in  Common 
oi'der  tor  (Jhemung. 

First  Cxun  a  sigiuil  for  the  rreneral.  Second  for  the  .\ssem- 
l)ly,  Third  for  the  March  to  beat. 

One  man  more  to  be  added  to  Captain  Seelin'scorpsof  pi«meers. 

B.  O. 
Field  Officer  of  the  Light  Corps  to-morrow,  Major  ("Church. 
Adjutant, Boss. 


i 


Headquarters,  12  miles  from  Catharine's  Town,  September:}, 
ITT'J. 

Parole,  ]ioundl)rook ;  C.  Sign,  Brunswick. 

Brigadier  for  to-morrow,  G.  Maxwell. 

Fiehl  Orticer,  Collonel  Dayton. 

Brigadier  Major, Ros.s. 

The  (ieneral  is  exceeding  surjjrised  that  his  orders  respect- 
ing pack  horses  are  so  little  attende<l  to,  by  which  neglect  the 
army  and  its  retinue  have  been  frequently  much  endangered  ; 
he  now  positively  orders  that  the  following  arrangements  of 
them  be  I'unctually  Complyeil  with— the  pack  horses  of  (ien- 
eral l^oor  and  Clinton. 

[Abruptly  ends.  J 


>         1 


(760) 


SUPPLEMENTAL    LIST 


OF 


PENNSYLVANIA    SOLDIERS 


IN      TlIK 


WAR  OF  THE   REVOLUTION. 


! 


(761) 


B 


(762) 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS, 


Militia,  Flying  Camp  and  Rangers  from  Ponnsiflvrtnla  mho 
were  applicants  for  titate  ammitie.s,  f/itiin;/  resiiltncj  at  the 
time,  with  statement  of  .service  durinij  the  Reoolution.  Taken 
from  the  Journals  of  Assembly. 


Alsworth,  Andrew,  Hntler,   Flyiiij?  fViinp. 

Allisrm,  'riiomas,  Iiidiaiia;  in  ('(il<int'l  Watts'  ivj^inient  of  I"'Iy- 
inji  ("aiii|);  afterwanls  watjon-niaster  in  lijjht  tlraK<'oii^  until 
June,  1778. 

Allen,  Peter,  Huntinj^don  ;  in  Colonel  Watts'  Flying  Cainp: 
subseqiUMitly  in  Captiiin  Thomas  Alexander's  ooiupany,  Col- 
onel Piper,  stationed  in  Sinkiii}^  Valley  to  protect  the  lead 
mines. 

Allen,  John,  IJutler:  in  Colonel  Potter's  regiment  at  Trenton, 
I'rineeton,  and  skirmislies  at  l-*iscata\vay  and  (^uibhletown  ; 
served  undei-  Colont^l  Antes  at  Big  Isljind. 

Bittenl)"nder,  ('onrad,  jN'orthain|)ton  ;  taken  prisoner  at  Fort 
Wasluugton  ;  released  February,  1777. 

Boude,  Samuel,  lieutenant;  killed  at  Brandywine. 

Bo<lle,  Abraham,  Fayette;  in  Cai)tain  Boyd's  eomi)any  of 
Rangers;  wounded  in  right  thigh  at  Frankstown  wlien  in 
pursuit  of  Indians. 

Beard  [Bardt],  Henry,  of  New  York  ;  a  native  of  York  county  ; 
served  in  Captain  Fred.  Kurtz's  company.  Colonel  John 
Andrews' regiment,  fieUt  ral  Potter's  Ijrigade;  wounded  in 
December,  1777. 

Bonner,  Thomas,  Adams;  (Captain  Orl)ison"s  comi)any,  Fifth 
battalion,  York  County  Associators. 

Branson,  Daniel,  Danj)hiii :  in  Cajjtain  ,Tohn  Reed's  company. 
Flying  (^amp ;  taken  prisoner  at  Jiong  Island. 

Bobst,  Michael,  liehigh  ;  served  under  Txeneral  Stnnwix,  17')^  U, 
against  Indians  on  the  frontier;  served  as  major  in  the  Rev- 
olution. , 

Beard,  Adam.  Berks;  lieutenant  of  Associators  May  17,  1777; 
in  service  March  1,  1778, 

(763) 


7M 


LIST  OF  Sor.DIKUS. 


B<)It/.l«»y,  Jacob,  Mon«)M(^Jiliaf'.onnty,  V^ir}^inia  ;  cnliHted  in  IN'un- 
Hylvaiiia  militia  August  I,  1780,  Hcrviiijj  suv«mi  iiioiitliH. 

Busli,  Ht'iiry,  Pilie  ;  Hnrwd  in  tho  Assocfatorsainl  Plyiiiff  Camp. 

Hra«ll«'y,  William,  All»'>?li«'uy ;  8erv«Ml  in  riying  raiiij);  taken 
priHoner  at  Fort  AVafliingt<^>ii,  and  (H)nllned  on  Jersey  prison 
Hhip. 

Bo\v»M',  Oavid,  Laucastt'r  ;  served  as  «M>uiiiiissary  of  provinioiis; 
d.  in  182a 

Urown,  John,  Philadelphia  :  served  as  private  in  Oaptain  Il<»i)ert 
Kirkwood's  company,  l)elawar«»  regiuuMit,  and  in    Pennsyl 
vania  AHsociators. 

Hean,  William,  serve«l  in  Flying  r  imp. 

Brandon,  William.  Bnth'r;  served  on  the  frontiers  until  lT7i). 

Barkelow,  James,  Union;  servetl  in  Flying  Camp. 

Blythe,  Samuel,  I' ranklin  ;  captain  of    a.  company  of  rangers 

in  1780. 
Bo\v»'r,  Adam,  Somerset  ;  major  in  tlie  militia  ;  diH<i  about  18i;i 

Boiline,  Frederick,  Ly-DUiing;  served  in  Captain  Calliouu's 
company,  Colonel  Ihmter's  regiment,  on  the  frontierH. 

Buyers,  ffeorge,  in  Ca]>tain  Willi. im  Scott's  comi)any,  Lancras- 
ter  county  Associators. 

jiury  [Berry],  ,Tolin,  liancaster;  in  Cj^jfain  Jacob  Glotz's  com- 
pany. Colonel  Cunningliam's  regiment  of  Flying  ('amp. 

Campbell,  Thoiiuis,  Franklin;  captain  in  Flying  Camp ;  taken 
l)risoner  at  Fort  Waslnngton;  released  November  \),  1778; 
subsecinently  captain  of  Rangi>rs  until  1780. 

Clark,  John,  Nortliumberland ;  in  Cf>lonel  .Tames  Murray's 
regiment  ;  \voun<led  in  liand. 

Coulter,  Nathan,  Wasliington  :  in  service  on  the  frontiers  in 
1781  to  1783;  on  Sandusky  Expediti«)n. 

Connor,  .Tohn,  in  Cjiptain  David  Wilson's  company  of  Flying 
Camp;  taken  i)risouer  at  Fort  Wasliington  and  c.onfnietl  on 
.Jersey  prison  idiip. 

Coyle,  Manassah,  Fayette;  in  1781  in  Captain  Orr's  company 
on  expedition  «lo\vn  tlie  Oliio,  and  August  24,  1781,  taken 
prisoner  by  the  Indians. 

CharU's  Leonanl,  Bedfor«l ;  served  as  ranger  on  tlie  frontier*'. 
Carmany,  John,    Lancaster ;  served   in   one  of   the  Lancaster 
county  I^attalions  of  the  Flying  Camp  on  Ijong  Islan«1. 

Clark,  John,  Alleglieny  ;  Captain  in  Pennsylvania  liiiie  ;  com- 
manded a  aub-legion  under  St.  Clair,  and  was  wounded  at  the 
Miami. 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS. 


765 


C^nrtiH,  Mannadiikf,  a  liHUt«'iiaiit  in  the  militia  in  1770. 
<!<)<)k,  R»Mil)»'ii,  'I'iofju;  '•iiiiniilt'  man"  in  Colonel  Htroinl'H  r«»(fi. 
nient  in  1770. 

Cary,  Haniuol,  Ijuzornc  ;  taken  prisoner  hy  Indians  July  ;j,  1778, 
at  Wyoming,  l>altle  on  Al)raluinrs  ]'lains. 

Cowan,  William,  WeHtnioreland  ;  captain  on  the  frontiers. 

Campbell,  Tliomas,  W^^stnioreland  ;  ranger  on  tht*  frontierH. 

Carter,  Thomas,  V(aui.ngo  ;  spy  under  Lieutenant  Unnter  ;  snb- 
HeMjiUMitly,  in  1777,  iindi-r  Captain  ("lark. 

Carson,  .Limes,  Milllin  ;  nnder  Captains  C'lark  and  Handerson. 

Cjampi)i'll.  Jolin,  Fraidilin;  in  Captain  Samuel  lilythe's  com- 
pany of  rangers  in  1780. 

Ponglierty,  Henry.  .Jr.,  Lycoming;  private  in  Colorwl  .Tames 
{'otter's  regiment  ;  wounded  at  IMscataway,  Fehniary,  1777. 

J)arr,  Jjeonurd,  of  Mr,  Joy  to\vnshi[>,  Lancaster;  in  C<j1omc| 
Curtis  Crrulin's  comiflmy  ;  wounded  at  I'owles  Hook,  made 
prisoner  in  hospital  and  died  soon  tln-ri-after. 

])unlM|>,  Robert,  in  Cai»rain  Willard's  <'ompany,  Colonel  Wil- 
liam Montgomery's  Battalion  ;  tnken  prisoner  at  ^•^»rt  Wasli- 
ington. 

DulTy,  Terrins,  Tioga;  in  Cajttam  Mr»ser's  (•r)mi»any  in  1770,  in 
the  regimenl  commandt>d  by  Colonel  ('rawfc^rd  to  New  Vork 
und<'r  (reneral  Roljerdenu. 

Fiicliell)erger,  George,  Dauphin;  served  in  Flying  Clamp. 

Frew,  .\lexander,  Dea.ver  ;  served  in  Third  <'ompany,  Kighth 
battalion,  York  county  militia  in  1781. 

Fisher,  Sanuu'I,  Northumberland  ;  ca[)tain  May  21,  1777.  North- 
umberland county  battalion  ;  imnle  prisoiit'i"  at  Guelpli  Mill>, 
(Chester  county,  and  kept  in  captivity  three  years. 

fftimp,  I'^rederick,  (rreene;  served  in  Clu-ster  county  militia, 
C'lntfiin  Cnli)ertson's  company  in  the  Flying  Camp. 

ffallendin,  Jacol).  Fayette;  waggoner  in  Flying  Cani[> ;  at  ,\m- 


)OV, 


(fillespie,  .lames,  .1  r. ,  wounded  on  the  Sandusky  expedition, 

Gallagher, Thonuis.  IMilllin  ;  at  Crooki'd  Dillet  ;  cut  and  mangled 

by  the  Dritish. 
Gent/.ler,  r'oni'ad,  York:  ensign  in  t  Ik- A>suciators  ;  killed  near 

Perth  Amboy  in  1770. 

<fraham,  James,  Milllin  ;  ranger  on  the  f i-on;  iers. 
OraefT,  tfarret,  York  ;  captain  in  Flving  < 'amp  ;  taken  prisoner 
at  Fort  Washington,  and  died  in  captivity. 


I 


I    »j 


700 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS. 


Oonnaii,  William,  Fniukliii ;  with  Waynn  in  his  (^anipai^jfu 
aganist  The  liuliaus. 

C+elwicks,  George,  MifHiii  ;  ensign  177t)-T,  in  (Ja()tuin  F^iehel- 
berger.s  company  of  York  County  AHsociators,  and  marched 
toAinboyto  guard  the  prisonern  capture<I  witli  Hurgoyne, 
Hubsequently  ensign  in  Captain  Foreman's  company  York 
county  militia,  and  marched  to  (fuelph  IMills. 

Hunter,  John,  Westmoreland  ;  private  Fourth  company,  Sec- 
ond regiment,  Westmoreland  (M)unty  militia  ;  wounded  in  '.he 
service. 

Hyleman,  Martin,  Chester  ;  in  Captain  McKissack's  company, 
(Jolonel  Baxter's  regiment  ;  taken  prisoner  at  Fort  Wash- 
ington ;  after  release  served  in  ('aiitain  Thomson's  company. 
Colonel  Lac(<y's  regiment,  and  wounde<l  in  tiie  liead  near  the 
"Burned  Mill." 

Harbeson,  .John.  All»*gheny;  in  (-aptain  Clark's  company, 
under  (leneral  St.  Cjjiir,  and  wounded  in  liie  l)ack  at  the 
defeat  in  171)1. 

Tlolmes,  Samuel,  lierks ;  in  Captain  John  Van  Etten's  com- 
pany, Colonel  Stroud's  regiment  ;  April  20,  1780,  wotnided  in 
battle  with  the  Indians  on  the  frontiers. 

Hamilton,  William,  Indiaun  :  in  (  ■ai)tain  Samuel  McCune's  com- 
pany of  the  Inlying  k'aiup;  took  sick  at  Fort  .Lee. 

HotTman,  IMiilii),  LaiuMster  ;  served  several  tours  in  the  militia, 

Hermanies.  .John,  Franklin  :  served  three  totirs  in  the  mililiti. 

Hughes,  ,lohn,  Lycoming:  in  .June,  177S,  in  (Captain  Simon 
C<>le's  company.  Colonel  Antes'  comnuind  :  in  177i>  scouting 
in  BulTalo  Valley. 

Irwin.  .Jaines,  Phila<lelpia;  served  as  captain  during  the  Rev- 
olution. 

Ickes,  Peter,   York;  ca]»taiii  in  the  iin'litin. 

Irwin.  .Tam(»s  ('.itl),  PhilatK'Iphia  ;  served  two  tours  in  (he  mil- 
itia: d.  prior  to  IS'2."). 

Johnson,  Richards,  Mitllin  :  servetl  in  Colonel  Hazlett's  (Dela- 
ware) regiment  unril  discharged  in  December,  177<];  went  to 
t'arlisle  and  served  in  Colonel  Wii,t  t's  regiment  :  in  servic*' 
on  the  frontiers  of  Cuiid)erland,  Northumberland,  Bedford 
and  West  moreland  counties;  ensign  in  1780;  subseiiuently 
lieiit  eiuiiit . 

Justice,  Peter.  Indiana:  in  <'a|)tnin  Stokelev's  comjiany  of 
rangers. 

Kennedy,  John.  Butler:  in  I'lving  Camjt; 


LIST  OF  SOLDI  K US. 


767 


Kreider,  Jacob, Northami)toi) ;  in  Tlyiiig  (Jtiini) ;  taktMi  prisoiuM' 
ai    Fort  VVashiii^jtoii ;  released   on    parole,   February,   1777; 
exchanged  May,  178U. 

Kerr,  Thomas,  in  Captain  Robert  r^lark's  noni[)any,  Plyinj? 
Camp;  taken  prisoner  at  Jiong  If^'iH'*!. 'H'd  died  in  captivity. 

Kocher,  (Jonrad,  >Jorthampt«)n  ;  served  <>n  the  frontiers. 
Kerr,  William,  Perry;  served  seven  months  in  Colonel  Potter's 
regiment. 

Kinsey,  William,  lincks ;  in  Cai)tain  Thompson's  company  in 
1770;  was  at  White  Marsh,  (lermanlowii,  ('nostnut  Hill  ajid 
the  taking  of  the  Hessians  at  Trenton;  in  1824  aged  sixty- 
nine. 

Koutz,  Thomas,  Lancaster;  in  1770  in  Colonel  Ross'  Flying 
('amp;  in  1777  in  Cai)tain  John  Miller's  company. 

Lauther,  James,  Franklin;  served  three  tours  in  the  militia; 
d.  1820. 

Light,  .John,  J^ancaster;  served  as  captain  in  the  inilitia.. 

Little,  Henry,  Adams;  served  seven  months  in  Colonel  P<it- 
ters  regiment  ;  seventy-seven  years  of  age  in  1H20. 

Little,  Andre-v,  Adams;  served  seven  months  in  ( Colonel  ]*ot- 

ter's  regiment, 
Le%vi>,  James.  Chest«M' ;  in  « 'aptam  James  Mc(  Miu'e's  company, 

Colonel  William  Montgomery  sicgimei  it  of  the  Flying(Jamp; 

taken  prisf)ner  at  I'^ort  Washington;  conlined  on  prison  ship 

Jersey,  and  died  shortly  after. 

Langeid)a,ch,  iMichael,  Northampton;  in  I'lying  ( !amp  ;  taken 
prisoner  at  Fi)rt  Washingt<»n  and  eonfined  on  .Jersey  pri.son 
shij). 

Lut/.,  Henry,  Northampton:  in  Captain  Hagenbush's  company 
of  I'lying  <'atnp  ;  taken  prisoner  at  l-ong  island,  .Vugust  7, 
\  I  ill. 

Leiiunon.  John,  Armstrong;  enlisted  in  the  IMaryland  Line 
in  177o;  snbsecpient  ly  served  in  the  Chimljerland  county  l)a,i- 
talion  of  the  Flying  Camp;  afterwards  nerved  in  tlie  niaiine 
service;  in  1S21  seventv-si\  vears  of  age,  and  l)lind  since  17!t;!. 

Mctfee,  Pat  rick,  in  Captain  Ilou>ton  s  com  puny,  ('olonel  Watts' 
ri'giment  of  the  I'hing  ('amp;  taken  prisoner  at  I'ort  Wash- 
ington; i)arol«'d  in  Jaiiuarv,  1777. 

iMorrison,  .Vlexander,  Lancii>ter;  wagoner,  <'a|iin,in  Saiinnd 
Hewitt's  company  in  1778. 

]\lcVickar.  Duncan,  served  two  months  in  ('aptain  William 
Wilson's  com  ]  tan  y  at  Potters  I'ort  in  I'eiin's  N'alley  ;  and 
several  tours  on  the  frontiers. 


768 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS. 


McOregor,  William,  Allegheny;  in  Captain  Wilson'8  company 
of  the  Flying  Camp ;  taken  prisoner  at  Fort  Washington, 
and  dietl  shortly  after  release  from  captivity. 

McFarron,  John,  killed  by  the  Indians  at  Piper's  Fort  in  1782. 
Martin,    Richard,   Lycoming;  served  on    the   fro:  ciers  under 
Colonel  Samuel  Hunter  from  1776  to  1778. 

Martin,  Thomas,  Lycoming;  servetl  on  the  frontiers  under  Col- 
onel Samuel  Hunter  from  1770  to  1778. 

Means,  Hugh,  Mercer;  in  (Captain  John  McDonald's  company 
Bedford  county  militia  in  1779,  serving  eight  months;  in 
1781,  3d  of  June,  in  an  engagement  with  the  Indians  near  Ber- 
god's  Gap,  was  wounded  in  the  arm. 

Markle,  Bernard,  Daui)hin  ;  on  ship  Hyder  Ally,  Captain  Bar- 
ney, April  8,  1783;  wounded  in  the  engagement  with  the 
General  Mon"-k. 

Machin^er,  William,  Berks ;  served  in  1770  in  Captain  Joseph 
Hiester's  company  of  the  Flying  Camp. 

Moser,  John,  Northampton ;  served  in  the  Flying  Camp. 

Musney,  Jacob,  Lehigh  ;  lieutenant  in  the  Flying  Camp. 

Meloy,  John,  MifRin  ;  served  five  several  tours  in  the  militia. 

Markle  [Merkle],  Christian,  Northumberland;  in  1770  served  in 
the  Flying  Camp;  was  teamster  under  General  Wayne  at 
V^alley  Forge;  subsequently  in  Berks  county  militia.  Cap- 
tain Landig. 

McCrum,  William,  Bucks;  served  with  the  Associators at  Tren- 
ton, Princeton  a\u\  Brandywine  ;  in  1820  aged  seventy-three 
years. 

McWilliam,  John,  Armstrong;  in  Captain  Robert  Buyers'  com- 
pany, Lancaster  County  Associators  at  Amboy  ;  afterwards 
with  Captain  William  Scott  at  Trenton. 

Newell,  William,  Bedford  ;  served  as  orderly  sergeant  in  Bed- 
ford County  Associators  in  1777;  in  1823  was  seventy-seven 
years  of  age, 

Nye,  Samuel,  Washington  ;  served  Avith  the  militia  on  the 
fri<ntier.>*. 

Plumb,  Jacob,  Somerset;  Avouniled  aiul  taken  prisoner  at 
Piper's  Fort  in  1782. 

Purdy,  James,  Mifflin;  captain  an«l  colonel  of  a  battalion  on 
the  frontiers  during  the  Revolution  ;  one  of  his  sons  drowned 
in  Jiniiata  while  pursuing  Indians;  two  others,  captain  and 
lieutenant,  killed  at  St.  Clair's  defeat. 

Pool,  Ponrad.  Berks;  in  1777  served  in  (Captain  William 
Scull's  company  ;  killed  in  action  in  New  Jersey. 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS. 


769 


Penegnr,  Amos,  Pliiladelphia  ;  in  1777  iu  Captain  Ru(lo'uli*.s 
company,  General  Irvine's  brifjade,  at  Brandy  wine  ami  *jfer- 
mantown ;  in  1771)  was  ensij^n  in  (Colonial  Davis'  rej^inient. 

Patterson,  Benjamin,  State  of  New  York;  in  17TG  served  in 
Captain  Cambleton's  company. 

Paul,  Benjamin,  Chester;  in  Captain  Heatlierlaml's  company 
of  Plying  Cami) ;  subsec^nently  in  quartermasters  d-part- 
ment  Colonel  William  Evans'  regiment ;  in  Captain  Eyre's 
company  at  Brandywine. 

Ruth,  Christian,  Northampton  ;  served  in  Flying  Camp,  and 
taken  prisoner  at  Fort  Wasliington ;  released  t>n  parole  in 
February,  17T7;  exchanged  May,  1780. 

Ritchie,  William,  Montgomery;  served  in  Captain  Thomas 
(■raig's  company,  Colonel  William  Baxters  regiment ;  taken 
prisoner  at  Fort  Washington,  and  held  two  years. 

Rogers,  freorge,  Lancaster;  serveil  in  Captain  Zantzingers 
company  Flying  Camp;  subsequently  Captain  (UarKs  com- 
pany, Colonel  Cunningham. 

Robb,  Samuel,  Butler;  in  (Captain  William  Armstrong's  com- 
pany, ('olonel  William  Montgomery's  regiment  of  Flying 
(^amp ;  taken  prisoner  at  Fort  Washington  ;  after  release  was 
wagon-master  three  years, 

Rt-ed,  Samuel,  Indiana;  in  Captain  Thomas  Craig's  company 
of  Flying  ("amp;  taken  prisoner  at  Fort  Washington. 

Ream,  Henry,  Jjancaster;  setved  several  tours  as  lieutenant 
in  the  militia. 

Salmon,  Joseph,  Northumberland  ;  Captain  in  Colonel  James 
Murray's  Battalion  on  the  frontiers;  taken  ))risoner  by  the 
Indians  in  1781,  and  kept  a  captive  in  Canada  two  years. 

Si)ar,  Valentii»e.  Westujoreland  ;  serve«l  on  the  front  iers  in  Col- 
onel (Tiiristopher  Trul)ey's  regiment  ;  was  in  (Teneral  St. 
Clair's  campuign  of  ]T0!.  and  wounded  at  the  Miami. 

Shook,  John,  Northnmjxon  ;  iu('a])tain  John  Arndt's  com- 
pany, Colonel  Kechline's  l)attalion  of  FIving  f'amp:  taken 
prisoner  at  Fort  \Vashington,  and  <M)nline«l  on  Jersey  prison 
ship.  '  »\ 

Sndth,  George,  Bedford;  served  In  Colonel  ]*iper's  regiment; 
subsequently  in  Capliuu  Boyd's  ra.ugiug  company  :  in  June, 
1781,  taken  prisr>ner  by  the  Indians  and  held  in  captivity 
unt  11  Noveml»er,  1781. 

Smith,    Thonnis.  Mitllin;  in    rijintain    Templeton's    companv; 
taken  i)rison«M'  at   Fort    Freelaml,  anil    hekl  captive   threo 
years  and  five  months. 
4S)-Vor,.  XV 


770 


LIST  OP  SOLDIERS. 


Stuhl,  John,  Union,  nerved  with  the  militia. 

Sellers,  George,  Westmoreland  ;  ranger  under  Captain  Shannon 
on  tour  to  Wheeling;  subsequently  with  Captain  Leasiire, 
guarding  the  frontiers. 

Scout,  James,      ucks  ;  served  in  the  Associators. 

Stewart,  Thomas,  Frar.klin  ;  served   under  General  Wayne  iu 
his  campaign  against  the  Indians. 

Shaffner,  Georj^je,  Lancaster;  was  a  major  in  the  militia;  died 
prior  to  1828. 

Spriggell,  Joseph,  Cumberlan(l ;  in  Colonel  Curtis  Gruhb's  reg- 
iment;  subsequently  in  Captain  Henry  Neems'  company; 
afterwards  Colonel  Benjamin  Mills'  regiment,  and  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  P'>rt  Montgomery. 

Sharp,  Jame  jMov  ,  served  six  months  against  the  Indians 
during  the  ttevf>'  m     ■'» ;  in  1828  was  H3  years  old. 

Thompscjii,  Johii,  iuiiliiua;  in  Captain  Wils(m's  cctmpauy   of 

militia. 
Titlow,  John,  H(      ;» •  serv^v'  rnder  General  Potter;  wounded 

in  the   foot   at   the    .>att!e  iiHj;>'  Yellow  Springs,  and  was  at 

Brandywine. 

Trexier,  John,  commissioned  captain  May  10.  1778,  and  marched 
to  Wyoming. 

Ulrich,  George,  Northumberland  ;  iu  Captain  Michael  Weaver's 
(umpany,  Northumberland  county,  in  1780. 

Underwood,  John,  Cumberland  ;  was  commissioned  March  1.""), 
1776,  ensign  Pifth  Battalion,  Lancaster  County  Assoointors, 
and  served  subsequently  as  lieutenant  and  captain. 

Van  Gordon  Wilhelm,  served  under  Captain  Heiu'y  Shoemaker 
at  Wyoming,  and  wounded  iu  hip  iu  action  with  (Connec- 
ticut settlers,  July  20,  1784. 

Vogan,  Samuel,  served  in  Captain  Brown's  com])any,  Lancas- 
ter County  Associators. 

Wallace,  James,  private  in  Colonel  Watts'regimiMit.  and  taReii 
l)risoner  at  Port  Washington. 

Wallace,  John,  served  in  Captain  Thonuis  Robinson's  com- 
pany of  rangers,  and  killed  in  an  engagement  on  Bald  Eagle 
Creek  in  1782. 

AValter,  John,  serveil  in  Captain  Brown's  company  of  Lancas- 
ter County  Associators. 

Wilson,  Matthew,  Allegheny:  served  on  the  front!  f>rs  of  North- 
umberland county;  was  a  s])v  among  the  Indians  iluring 
the  Revolution;  was  out  four  summers. 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS. 


771 


Weignnt,  John,  Nortliainj)t(Hi ;  wa>s  iidjiitaiit  of  militia  r^fji- 
iiieiit  during  tlie  iievolmiun. 

Wolf,  fxeorge,  Northampton  ;  served  three  several  tours  on  the 
frontiers  ai^ainst  the  Indians  on  the  Delaware,  north  of  the 
Blue  Mountain,  lirst  as  sergeant,  then  as  lieutenant  and 
afterwards  a  captain  of  the  militia. 

Wright,  Robert.  Cumberland  ;  in  (.'aptain  Thomas  Brewster  s 
company  Fourth  battalion,  (>olonel  Thomas  McKean,  (ren- 
eral  Cachvalader's  brigade  of  Pliiladelphia  in  1770. 

W^eit/el,  Philip,  Lancaster;  served  three  months  ni  Captain 
.lacol)  Glotz's  company,  Colonel  Cunningham's  regiment  of 
the  Flying  Camp. 

Young,  Felix,  Cumberland;  in  1781  marched  to  Lancaster, 
giuirdiny;  prisoners. 

Young,  William,  Northampt<in  :  lieutenant  <>f  Flying  Camp; 
a  pris<juer  two  years. 


KKTURN  OF  OFFICERS  ON  PAROLK  AlKiUST,  1778. 


Andrew  Galbreatli,  major.  Colonel  Watts'  regiment  of  Flying 
Cauip;  commissioned  September  18,  177(!;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  November  10,  1770. 

John  McKlhalton,  captain.  Colonel  Watts'  regiment  Flying 
Camp;  commissione<l  Julv  I'J,  1770;  taJv^n  at  l'\>rt  Washing- 
ton November  10,  1770. 

Tiiomas  Campbell,  captain,  Colon*')  Watts'  regiment  l-^lying 
(Jami);  commissioned  September  25,  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Wa'^hinglon  NoveinlxT  10,  177(». 

William  McFarlane,  captain,  Colonel  Watts'  reiriment  I'lv  ing 
('amp;  .'.ommissioned  September  10,  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  November  10,  1770. 

Andrew  Robinson,  second  lieutenant,  f'olonel  Swope's  regi- 
ment Flying  Camp;  commissinn* d  August  '2'2,  1770;  taken  at 
Ft>rt  Washington  November  Hi,  177(1. 

.lauuw  McFarlaiU',  third  lieutenant,  (Ntlonel  Watts'  regiment 
Flying  Camp;  commissione<l  .July  8,  ITTO;  taken  at  I'ort 
Washington  November  10,   1770. 

John  Vaiighaii,  ensign  in  Colonel  ^lontgomery's  regiment  Fly- 
ing Camp;  commissioned  August  28,  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  Novemb,»r  10,  1770. 


773 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS. 


William  Scott,  oaptaiu,  (Jolonel  Clotz'  regiment  Flyinj^  (^ump; 
commiHsiojied  September  10,  1776;  taken  at  Fort  Wa>sliin}^- 
ton  November  10,  1770. 

William  Heall,  lir.st  lieutenant,  Colonel  (Jlot..'  regiment  Flying 
Camp;  commissioned  September  0,  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  November  10..  1770. 

Thomas  Armstrong,  lirst  lieutenant,  Colonel  (Irvine's)  regi- 
ment, militia;  commissione<l  May  0,  1777;  taken  near  tho 
White  Horse  September  10,  1777. 

William  Demsy,  Colonel  Hanniim's  regiment  of  militia;  com- 
missioned 1777;  taken  at  Gulph  Mills  Dec!eml)er  11,  1777. 

diaries  (Clarke,  lirst  lieutenant,  ('olonel  Murray's  regiment  of 
militia;  commissionetl  June,  1777;  taken  at  (jruli)h  Mills  J)e- 
cember  11,  1777. 

AVilliam  Preston,  second  lieutenant  in  the  artificers  of  artillery, 
militia;  commissioneil  Noveml)er  H,  1777;  taken  near  Jiustle 
Town  February  14,  1778. 

William  Newman,  captain,  Colonel  Bell's  regiment  of  militiit  ; 
commissioned  February,  1778;  taken  near  Crookeil  Billet 
February  21,  1778. 

Robert  Patton,  lirst  lieutenant.  Colonel  Swope's  regiment  Fly- 
ing ('amp;  commissioned  August  21,  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  November  10,  1770. 

John  Craig,  second  lieutenant.  Colonel  William  Baxter's  regi- 
ment Flying  Cain[) ;  commissioned  September  0,  1770;  taken 
at  F«)rt  Washington  November  10,  1770. 

Matthew  Bennett,  second  lieutenant.  Colonel  Baxters  regi- 
ment Flying  Camp :  commissioned  Septeml)er  I'J,  1770;  taken 
at  Fort  Washington  November  10,  1770. 

John  Carter,  ensign.  Colonel  William  Baxter's  regiment  Fly- 
ing Camp;  commissionetl  September  IS),  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  Novend)er  10,  1770. 

James  Ledden,  wagon  master  in  Pennsylvania  service;  taken 
at  Bristol  Ai)ril  17,  1778. 

Francis  (Trice,  lieutenant,  Colonel  MitHin's  regiment  of  Penn- 
sylvania militia ;  coniiiiissioned  Juiu*  ■"),  177");  taken  near  lier- 
mantowu  September  2.'),  1777. 

William  McKissack,  captain.  Colonel  Baxter's  regiment  Flying 
(I)amp;  commissioned  August  8,  1770;  taken  at  Fort  Washing- 
ton November  Ifl,  1770. 

Jacob  Dritt,  (yolonel  Swo[)e's  regiment  Flying  Camp;  commis- 
sioned Atigust  2;5,  1770;  tM,keu  at  Fort  Wa'^hington  Noveml)er 
10,   1770. 

Conrad  Snider,  captain,  ("olonel  Watts'  regiment  Flying 
(<amp;  commissiontMl  Se{»teinber  7.  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  Noveml)ei'  10,  1770. 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS. 


778 


John  JnniiHon,  captain,  Colonel  Baxter's  refjiiuent  Dyinff 
Camp;  connnissione»l  September  17,  ITTti:  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  November  IG,  17TU. 

John  HoUiuay,  first  lieutenant,  Colont-1  Watts'  regiment  Fly- 
ing Camp;  commissioned  July  10,  177(i:  taken  at  Fort  Wash- 
ington November  10,  177(5. 

Zachariah  Slinjj'art,  first  lieutenant,  Colonel  Swope's  regi- 
ment Flying  Camp;  commissioned  August  22,  1770;  taken  at 
Fort  Washington  November  10,  1770. 

Samuel  Lindsey,  first  lieutenant.  Colonel  Montgomery's  regi- 
ment Flying  Camp;  comuiissioned  September  0,  1770;  taken 
at  Fort  Washington  Novemloer  10.  1770. 

Hezekiali  Davis,  first  lieutenant,  ('olonel  Montgomery's  regi- 
ment Flying  Camp;  commissioned  Septeml)er  7,  1770;  taken 
at  Fort  Washington  Novemijer  10,  1770. 

J<tse{)h  Morrison,  lirst  lieutenant.  Colonel  McAllister's  regi- 
ment Flying  Camp;  commi.ssione<l  feeprember  9,  1770;  taken 
at  Fort  Washington  Novenilier  U),  1770. 

Cfaijriel  Blakeney,  first  lieutenant.  Colonel  Watts*  regiment 
Flying  Cam[)  commissioned  September  11.  1770;  taken  at 
Ft)rt  Wasliington  November  10,  1770. 

John  Erwin,  first  lieutenant,  Colonel  Baxters  regiment  Fly- 
ing Camp;  commissioned  September  17,  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  November  10,  1770. 

Robert  Brown,  first  lieutenant.  Colonel  Baxter's  regiment  Fly- 
ing Camp;  commissioned  September  18,  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  November  10,  1770. 

Peter  Conrod,  first  lieutenant,  Colonel  Stroud's  regiment  of 
militia;  commissioned  May  1,  1777;  taken  at  Frankfort  .Tan- 
nary  10,  1778. 

Asher  ('arter,  first  lieutenant,  Colonel  McElvnin  s  regiment  of 
militia;  commissioned  May  0,  1777:  taken  at  Hristol  April  17, 
1778. 

tTodfrey  Myers,  second  lieutenant.  Colonel  Baxt(M''s  regiment 
Flying  Camp;  commissioned  July  it,  1770:  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  Novem»)er  16,  1770. 

Thomas  Wyn,  second  lieutenant,  Colonel  Montgouit-ry's  regi- 
ment Flying  Camp ;  commissioned  August  27,  177();  taken  at 
Fort  Washington  November  10.   1770. 

.lolin  Crawford,  secoiul  lieutenant.  Colonel  Watts'  regiment 
FT'lng  Camp;  commissioned  September  7,  1770:  taken  at 
Fort  Washington  November  10,  177<>. 

William  Young,  second  lieutenant.  Colonel  McAllister  s  regi- 
ment Flying  Camp ;  commissioned  September  IH.  1770;  taken 
at  Fort  Washington  Noveml)er  10.  1770. 

Kphraini  Hunter,  second  lieutenant.  Colonel  Watts'  regiment 


774 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS. 


Flying    Camp;   commissioned  September  21»,  177»>;  taken  at 
Fort  Wasiiington  ^"ovember  10,  1770. 

Isaac  Sliymer,  ensign,  Colonel  ]^axter's  ri:?giment  Flying 
Camp;  commissione(i  July  i»,  1776;  taken  prisoner  at  Fort 
Washington  November  10,  1776. 

Jacob  Mnmmey,  ensign.  Colonel  Baxters  regiment  Flying 
Camj);  commissioned  July  J),  1770;  taken  at  Fort  Washing- 
ton November  ]0.  1770. 

E/ekiel  Hopkins,  ensign.  Colonel  Montgomerys  regiment  Fly- 
ing Camp;  commissionnd  August  27,  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  November  10  1770. 

William  Richey,  ensign,  (>olonel  Baxter's  regiment  Flying 
Cami);  commissionetl  September  0,  1770;  taken  at  Fort- 
Washington  November  10,  1770. 

Samuel  McEihatton,  ensign,  Colonel  "Watts"  regiment  Flying 
Camp;  commissioned  September  25,  1770;  taken  at  Fort 
Washington  NovemV>er  10,  1770. 

John  Green,  ensign.  Colonel  McElvains  regiment  of  militia; 
ci.a  nissioned  May  0,  1777;  taken  at  Bristol  April  17,  1778. 

Charles  Wilson,  volunteer  in  Colonel  McAllisters  regimant  Fly- 
ing Camp;  taken  at  Fort  W^ashington  November  10,  1770. 

Robert  Rankin,  first  lieutenant,  Cfdonel  Taylor's  reeriment  of 
militia;  commissioned  May  0,  1777;  taken  out  of  his  house 
Sei)tember  14,  1777. 

Benjamin  Walton,  first  lieutenant.  Colonel  McVaughs  regi- 
ment, militia;  commissione«l  May  12,  1777:  taken  out  of  his 
house  February  14,  1778. 

John  Blake,  fir.st  lieutenant.  Colonel  McVaugh's  regiment, 
militia;  commissioned  May  12,  1777;  taken  out  of  his  house 
February  14,  1778. 

John  Osburn,  first  lieutenant  in  (Colonel  Eyres  regiment, 
militia;  commissioned  Sei)tember  IH,  1777;  taken  out  of  his 
house  February  14,  1778. 

John  Kemp,  lieutenant  on  Sloop  Sachem  ;  commissioned  March 

24,  1777:  taken  at  sea  April  5,  1777. 
■Joseph  Martin,  first  lieutenant.  Colonel  Baxter's  regiment  Fly- 
ing t^amp;  conimissioned  July  9,  1770;  taken  at  Fort  Wash- 
ington November  10,  1770. 

Abner  Everett,  third  lieutenant,  Colonel  Baxters  regiment 
Flying  Camp;  commissioned  July  9,1770  :  taken  at  Fort  Wa-sh- 
ington  November  10,  1770. 

John  Cunningham,  first  lieutenant,  Pennsylvania  militia; 
taken  near  Philadelphia  Sei)tetnber  10,  1777. 

Honrv  IVfurflts  [Murlieldl.  'ii^utenant.  Pennsylvania  militia; 
commissioned  May  0,  1777;  taken  at  his  own  house  February 
19.  1778. 


LIST  OF  SOLDIERS 


lO 


Jacob  Somniers,  ensign  in  IVnnsylvania  militia:  token  at  hiti 
own  house  May  1,  1778. 

Peter  Paul,  ensign,  Flying  Camp;  connnissioned  July  :^l.  1770; 
taken  at  Fort  Washington  November  IG,  1770. 

John  Kay,  quartermaster,  Peinisylvania  militia;  taken  Febru- 
ary 24,  1778. 

Thomas  Kennedy,  volunteer;  taken  April  22,  1777. 

Thomas  Millard,  second  lieutenant.  Pennsylvania  militia; 
commissioned  May  1,1777;  taken  February  14,  1778. 


4i 


INDEX 


A. 

Page. 

Ar.RAiiAM,  Cai'T.  Noah,  roll  of  company  of, 574, 6ir. 

Adams,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  foinpany  of, 582 

Alexander,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  company  of,     471 

Alexander,  Capt.  Thomas,  roll  of  company  of, 598 

Alexander,  Capt.  William,  roll  of  company  of, 468 

Allen,  Col.  Ethan,  British  treatment  of, 141 

his  "Oracle  of  Reason,"      141 

Arnold,  Benedict,  Henry's  estimate  of, 65,115 

orders  to  Lieut,  Simpson, 15.3 

Artillery  Artificers,  officers  in 382 

State  regiment,  roster  of, 400 

Askey,  Capt.  Thomas,  roll  .if  compan J' 563,607 

Ashmead,  Capt.  Jacob,  roll  of  company, 418 

Bankson,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  company 420 

I'.artholomevv,  Capt.  Benjamin,  roll  of  com panj', 450 

Beatty,  Lt.  Erkuries,  journal  of, 219 

Bell,  Lt.  Col.  David,  battalion  of, 618 

Bell,  Capt.  George,  roll  of  company, 604 

Bethlehem,  Penua.,  notice  of, 26 

Be*-ks  County  Flying  Camp, 633' 

Blaine,  Capt.  William,  roll  of  company, 583 

Boone,  Capt.  Hawkins,  roll  of  company, 462 

Boston  in  1775, 15 

forts  surrounding, 19 

Boude,  Capt.  Thomas,  roll  of  company,     454 

Bowen,  Capt.  Thomas  B.,  roll  of  company, 484 

Bower,  Capt.  Jacob,  roll  of  company, 464 

Bowe,  Capt.  David,  roll  of  company, 612 

Boyd,  Thomas,  death  of,      137,244 

Boyer,  Capt.  Peter,  roll  of  company, 391 

Brady,  Capt.  Joseph,  roll  of  company, 595 

Brandywine,  battle  of,           ....       210 

Bratton,  Capt.  William,  roll  of  company, 470 

(777)   ■ 


778 


IN  I)  FA 


I'AOK 

Mriffjjfs,  1,1.  AiKirow,  roll  dfcnmimiiy, (Wi 

Urothorloii,  Lt.  Jiiiiuts,  n)ll  ofi-ouiimny, tUO 

liiichaiuu),  Col.  Arthur,  l<iittalion  of, r)S4 

Kucliiiimn,  ('a|)t.  John,  roll  ofroiupiiiiy, 599 

IhickH  ('otiiily  Flying  Camp, (iS4 

ininiitos  of  (U)iniuiUt>o  of, ;{41 

rcsolvos  of,      34;{,34ri 

Hull,  Capt.  Tiionias,  roll  of  company,     4tir) 

Mimner.  Capl.  .Jacob,  roll  of  company, 1591 

llurr,  Aaron,  Henry's  opiiron  ol, KMi 

Hush,  lit.  .Tohti,  roll  of  company 47() 

Hiitlt'r,  Capt.  Thomas,  roll  of  company', 442 

C. 

CAr.HouN,  < 'ArrAiN,  roll  of  company, 497 

Cainl>riiij<c,  Mass., 12,29 

CamphoU,  (^apt.  John,  roll  of  company, ,')90 

Campboll,  Capt.  Thomas,  account  of  Tit.  Boyd's  (loath, 139 

Canoe,  birch-hark,  iloscription  of, Tf) 

Catiiarine's  Town, 247 

Cavanaugh,  "  Honest  Nod," la<i 

Chambers,  Capt.  John, 2,") 

Chambers,  Col.  William,  battalion  of, 574,(115 

Chandiero  river,       81,89 

Christie,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, 440 

Christie,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  eomj)any, 453 

(Mark,  (^ipt.  Thomas,  roll  ot  com  pan  j', •105 

Clemlenin,  lit.  Joim,  roll  of  company, 58(> 

Connecticut,  people  of,       12 

Convention  Troops,  return  of, (>4S 

Coulter,  Capt.  Hiciiard,  roll  of  company, (119 

Craig,  Captain,  roll  of  company, 411 

Craig,  Capt.  William,  roll  of  company, 437 

"(.'rawford,  Capt.  (toorge,  roll  of  company, 5()7 

Culbortson,  Capt.  Joseph,  roll  of  company,     588 

(Milbert8oi\,  Col.  Samuel,  battalion  of, 5<K) 

Cumberland  County  militia, 5ri3,  ()21 

militia  olllcers,                  (123 

Cunnin^rham,  Col.  James,  battalion  of, (129 

D. 

Davis,  Capt.  John,  roil  of  company,     485 

Davis,  Col.  John,  battalion  of, fiQg 

Davidson,  fit.  James,  roll  of  company, fill 

Dead  Hiver,  .                     73 

Denny,  Capt.  Walter,  roll  of  company, 59(i 

Dickey,  Tit.  Ot'orge,  roll  of  company, fiio 

Dickson,  Lt.  James,  roll  of  company, 010 


INDKX.  7T!t 

I'Adt: 

Dixoi),  litihcrt,  death  of, IIH 

DoiialdHoii,  Capl.  William,  roll  f)f'cf)iiipaiiy, ^>'[> 

Douglas,  C'apt.  .laiiH-s,  roll  ofcoMipaii}',     (iOH 

Doylo,  C^apt.  .loiiu,  roll  ol'coiiipauy,        4»5() 

nroishach,  Col.,  (•oiic«>rniii(;  services  of,      Il2« 

Dimlap,  (^)l.  Samuel,  tiattalion  of, (>07 

Punloj),  Col.  .laiuos,  haitaliou  of, :M\ 

Dutican,  ("apt.  Janios,  iliary  of, 74:{ 


E. 

Eaton,  lit.  .lolin,  roll  ot  company, OS.'} 

Elliott,  ('apt.  John,  roll  of  cfjiupanj', 57(1 

Erwin,  Capt.  .losoj)!!,  roll  of  <"ompany, 487 

Eystor,  Capt.  Daniel,  roll  ofcomi)any, 039 

F. 

Fenton,  Capt.  Samuel,  roll  of  company, (ill 

Kindley,  Cai)t.  William,  roll  of  company, OOO 

Fishor,  Capt.  .lames,  roll  of  company 507,  (ilO 

Floyd,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  companj', 010 

Flying  < 'amp,  rolls  of, '■)01,()29 

miscellaneous  list  of  men  in, 04() 

G. 

(iermantown,  battle  of, 213 

(Jerman  Regiment,  ollicers  of, 389 

rolls  of  vacant  companies  in, 393 

Gibson,  Capt.  Thomas,  roll  of  company, fM 

(iibson,  (^)lonel  ThonuiH,  battalion  of, (;il 

(ril)son,  Dr.  Thomas,  iu)tice  of, 108 

Gourlcy,  Captain,  roll  of  company, 490 

(Iraliam,  Tit.  William,  roll  of  comi)any,      ij71 

Gra!it,  Capt.  Cioorge,  roll  of  company, 480 

(iray,  Capt.  William,  loiter  of, 289 

Groat  Swamp,  .                                208 

Greeno  (Jeneral,  correspondence  with  olllccrs  of  the  Pennsj'lva- 

nia  Line, 310-;n9 

Greer,  Major  James,  roll  of  company, 4!tO 

(Jregg,  Capt.  Matthew,  roll  of  company, 5(i4 

(Jregg,  Capt.  Rol)crt,  roll  of  company', 449 

(irimos,  Capt.  Edward,  roll  of  company, 594 

H. 

Hallor,  Col.  llonry,  battalion  of, 033 

Ilandlton,  (^aptam,  roll  of  Company,     410 

Hamilton,  Capt.  .lohn.  roll  of  company ."i80 

Harmony,  Tit.  AUam,  roil  of  company, 017 


780 


INDEX. 


Page 

Hart,  Col.  Joseph,  battalion  of, • 634 

Hartford,  Coun.,  in  1775, .   .    ]1,  28 

Hartley,  Lt.  Col,,  roll  of  company, 494 

Hartley's  regiment,  promotions  in, 380 

officers  of, 378 

Hays,  Capt.  Robert,  roll  of  company, 627 

Henderson,  Captain,  roll  of  company, 488 

Hendricks,  Capt.  William,  journal  of, 21 

death  of, 136 

Henry's,  estimate  of, 66 

Henry,  John  Joseph,  journal  of, 59 

William,  notice  of, 145 

Hill,  Capt.  Asa,  roll  of  company, 618 

Howell,  Capt.  Joseph,  roll  of  company,     423 

Holiiday,  Capt,  Samuel,  roll  of  company, 593 

Houston,  Capt.  William,  roll  of  company, 593 

Hubley,  Capt.  George,  roll  of  company, 392 

Humphrey,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  company, 463 

T. 

InviNE,  Capt.  Andrew,  roll  of  company,      474 

Irwin,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, 597 

Izanl,  Widow,  kindness  of, 314 

J. 

Jack,  Catt.  John,  rolls  of  company 573,614 

Jack,  Capt.  Patrick,  rolls  of  company, 572,585,013 

K. 

Kennedy,  Capt.  Thomas,  roll  of  company,     569 

Klotz,  Capt.  Jacob,  roll  of  company,       632 

L. 

Lamb,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  company,     , 581 

Lancaster  County  Flying  Camp, 629 

militia,  5th  battalion, 672 

militia,  10th  battalion,      660 

Laird,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, 575 

Lang,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, 498 

Lee's  Legion,  dissatisfaction  of, 324 

Leeper,  Capt.  Charles,  roll  of  company, 602 

Long,  Capt.  William,  roll  of  company, 584 

Long  Island,  battle  of, 198 

Lynn,  Mass.,  in  1775, 17 

Lyon,  Col.  Samuel,  battalion  of, 579 

Mc. 

Maclay,  Capt.  CuARLKS,  roll  of  coiupany, .  .    601 


INDEX. 


781 


I'AOE 

McClellan,  Capt.  Joseph,  roll  of  company, 483 

McClollan,  Lt.,  illness  aiui  death  of, 104 

McClure,  ('apt,  William,  roll  of  company, 580 

McConnel,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, ■    •    .    .    .  597 

^rcConnel,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  cam pany, (505 

McCoy,  Capt.  Alex.,  roll  of  company, 5(16,609 

McCoy,  Cai>t.  Robert,  roll  of  company, 599 

McCoy,  Lt.  Neal,  roll  of  company, 616 

McCnllough,  Tit,  death  of,        326 

McDowell,  Tit.  William,  journal  of, 295 

McTIenry,  Capt.  Charles,  roll  of  comi>any, 447 

McKce,  Capt.  Andrew,  roll  of  company', 580 

McMichael,  Lt.  .Tames,  diary  of, 193 

McXeill,  Samuel,  "his  orderly  hook," 753 

McTcer,  Cape.  John,  roll  of  company,        .564,608 

McTeer,  Capt.  llohert,  roll  ot  company,         603 

^TAinvTrM,  ^^A.Ton,  account  ot, 178 

Marshall,  Capt.  .Tohn,  roll  of  company, 424 

^Martin,  T*rivate,  escape  of, 106 

!SIatthias,  Capt.  Philip,  roll  of  company, 581 

Militia,  T'lying  Camp  and  Ran)j:ers,  supplemental   list  of,     ....  763 

Miller,  IJeut.  Col.  Henry,  roll  of eomi>any, 427 

Miller,  Capt.  William,  roll  of  company, 475 

Montgomery,  (Jeneral,  Henry's  description  of, 122 

death  of,      133 

Montgomery,  Ca]>t.  Samuel,  roll  of  company, ,  .    .    .    .  473 

Moore,  Capt.  Samuel,  roll  of  company, 441 

]Moore,  Capt.  Thonuis  Tj.,  roll  of  comi)any, 438 

Moose-deer,  immense  liorns  of, 70 

Morgan,  CUipt.,  Henry's  estimate  of 91 

Mullan,  Capt.  Robert,  company  of  marines, 041 

Murniy,  >raJor  John,  roll  of  company, 426 

N. 

Natanis,  an  Indian,     .    , 71,7'.»,107 

Is'clson,  .Vlexander,  death  of, ]■  ■> 

Nelson,  Capt.  William,  roll  of  compiiny, 571 

New  Ilaxen,  Conn.,  in  1775,      10 

New  York  in  1775, 7 

associators,     .       S 

Nice,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  con)pany, 4.5!» 

Northampton  County  Flying  Camp, (i;{() 

Noilliumberlanil  county  militia 6,'):'.,654,(Ki7 

<>. 
Oi.DiiAM,  (^AiT.  Wii.i.t.\M,  roll  of  company, 4,55 


82 


vea 


INDEX. 


P. 

Page 

Paine,  Thomas,  Henry's  estimate  of,   .   . 143 

Parole,  olticera  who  violated, 652,671 

Parr,  Captain,  roll  of  company, 40'.» 

Parker,  t^apt.  Alexander,  roll  of  company, 472 

Patterson,  Capt.  Jolin,  roll  of  company, 421 

Patton,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, 020 

Patton,  Capt.  Samuel,  I'oll  of  company, 577,617 

Pennsylvania  Lino,  arrangement  of,  in  1777-1778-1780— 

First  Regt.,     .    ,       515,535,547 

Second  Regt., 516,536,548 

Third  Regt, 518,537,549 

Fourth  Regt., 511), 538, 550 

Fifth  Regt., 520,539,551 

Sixth  Regt., 522,540,552 

Seventii  Regt, 523,541,553 

Eighth  Regt 525,542,5.54 

Ninth  Regt, 526,543,555 

Tentii  Regt, 527,544,556 

Eleventli  Regt, 529,557 

Twelfth  Regt, 530 

Thirteenth  Regt, 530 

Artillery  Regt, 533 

unprovided  ollicers,     545 

independent  companies, 546 

officers,  supernumerary, 558 

pensioners  in  1820, (185 

pensioners  in  1825, 710 

officers  of  First  regt, 374 

officers  of  Seventh  regt.,        381 

roster  of  First  regt, 406 

Second, 416 

Third, 431 

Fifth, 455 

Sixtii 457 

Seventh, 466 

Eiglitli, 477 

Ninth, 483 

Tenth, 491 

Eleventh, 504 

Twelfth, 508 

Tiiirteenth, 510 

Peebles,  Capt.  Alex.,  roll  of  company,      579,618 

Philadelphia  Associators,  subscription  for 624 

men  belonging  to, 638 

militia  in  1781, 664,673 

Poe,  Capt.  .Inmes,  roll  of  company, 579 

Point  aux  Tremble, 119 


INDEX. 


78:5 


Paoe 

Potts,  (.'apt.  Joseph,  roll  of  company, 452 

Power,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, 572,(513 

Princeton,  battle  of, 20;i 

Prisonersof  war  in  1778, 649 

Willi  dates  of  commission, 771 

in  1782, (369 

Quebec,  arrival  of  troops  at, 47 

accountof  engagement  at, 51 

campaign  against,  Henry's  Journal  of, 59 

plan  of  attack  on, 130 

food  of  prisoners  at, 159 

smallpox  at, 161 

scurvy  among  the  prisoners  at, 174 

treatment  of  prisoners  at, 179 

R. 

Rea,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  company, 616 

Keily,  Capt.  Jolm,  roll  ot  comi)any, 443 

Robertson,  Ijt.  Alex.,  roll  of  company, .   .  610 

Robeson,  Capt.  Jonathan,  roll  of  company, 592 

Rogers,  Rev.  William,  journal  of, 255 

Roland,  Captain,  roll  of  company, 626 

Royer,  Cai)t.  Samuel,  roll  of  company,   . .")6S 

Ryan,  Major,  representation  against, 387 

H. 

Salrm,  Mass.,  in  1775, 17 

Sample,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, 591 

Sample,  Capt.  Robert,  roll  of  company, 499 

Sanderson,  Capt.  Robert,  roll  of  company, 602 

Sanderson,  Capt.  William,  roll  of  company,    .       578 

Seeley,  Capt.  Isaiic,  roll  of  company, 4.'ji) 

Shannon,  Caiit.  Robert,  roll  of  company, 569 

Shaw,  Lt.  Samuel,  roll  of  company,     620 

Shields,  Lt.  David,  roll  of  company, 609 

Shrawder,  Capt.  I'liilip,  ranging  company, 6i)8 

Simpson.  Captain,  roll  of  (•omi)any,     412 

Simpson,  Michael,  letter  of,      63 

Simpson,  William,  wounding  of, 30 

Slough,  Col.  Matiiias,  battalion  of, 612 

Smith,  Col.  Abraliam,  battalion  of, (iOl 

Smitli,  Lt.  Daniel,  roll  of  company 595 

Smith,  Capt.  Matthew,  Henry's  opinion  of, 6t) 

Smith,  Ca\)t.  Samuel,  roll  of  company, 448 

Soldiersof  the  Pennsylvania  Mne, 371 

general  otllcers  of,     .    .                            37.'1 


76i 


I.NDEX. 


Page 

Soutliern  campaign,  IMc'Dowell's  journal  of, 295 

Spear,  Capt.  John,  death  ol, 21ti 

Stake,  Capt.  Christian,  detachment  of, 641 

Stake,  Capt.  Jacob,  roll  of  compan3', 503 

Stewart,  Col.  Walter,  roll  of  company, 428 

Stout,  Capt.  Herman,  roll  of  company 502 

Stony  Point,  orders  for  capture  of, 334 

news  of  surprise  at, 229 

Britisii  oHicers  taken  at,      336 

killed  and  wounded  at, 338 

Oen.  Wayne's  congratulations  on  victory  at, 336 

Storj',  Tiiout,  death  of,        330 

Sullivan's  expedition,  Beatty's  journal  of, 219 

McNeill's  orderly  hook  of, 753 

Rogers'  journal  of, 255 

T. 

Taylor,  Capt.  Fred.,  roll  of  company, 588 

Taylor,  Capt.  Henry,  roll  of  company, 577 

Thompson,  Capt.  Thomas,  roll  of  company, 587 

Tindol,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  company,       570 

Toll)ert,  Capt.  Samuel,  roll  of  company, 430 

Trenton,  battle  of,     203 


Vanlear,  Lt.  WiiiLiAM,  roll  of  company, 489 

W. 

Warner,  James,  fate  of,        19 

Washington,  review  of  the  army  by, 208 

congratulations  of  surrender  at  Yorklown, 304 

Watts,  Col.  Frederick,  l)attalion  of, 595 

Weaver,  Capt.  Jacol),  roll  of  company, 500 

Williams,  Capt.  John,  roll  of  company, 565,608 

Williams,  Major  Ennion,  journal  of, 5 

Willing,  Capt.  James,  company  of  marines, C58 

Wilson,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, 413 

Wilson,  Capt.  William,  roll  oi"  company, 411 

Wyalusing  Settlement, 275 

Wyoming,      •   • 259 

battle  at, 264 

masonic  meeting  at,     260 

Y. 

York  County  FiiViNO  Camp 637 

memorial  of  Fourth  battalion,     ....       657 

memorial  of  Sixth  battalion, 654 

Yorktown  campaign,  diary  of, 743 

capitulation  of, 303 

Young,  Capt.  James,  roll  of  company, ,,  ...  589 


r 


